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• Running multiple sites on a LAMP with secure isolation

  - by David C.

  Hi everybody, I have been administering a few LAMP servers with 2-5 sites on each of them. These are basically owned by the same user/client so there are no security issues except from attacks through vulnerable deamons or scripts. I am builing my own server and would like to start hosting multiple sites. My first concern is... ISOLATION. How can I avoid that a c99 script could deface all the virtual hosts? Also, should I prevent that c99 to be able to write/read the other sites' directories? (It is easy to "cat" a config.php from another site and then get into the mysql database) My server is a VPS with 512M burstable to 1G. Among the free hosting managers, is there any small one which works for my VPS? (which maybe is compatible with the security approach I would like to have) Currently I am not planning to host over 10 sites but I would not accept that a client/hacker could navigate into unwanted directories or, worse, run malicious scripts. FTP management would be fine. I don't want to complicate things with SSH isolation. What is the best practice in this case? Basically, what do hosting companies do to sleep well? :) Thanks very much! David

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• CMS/Wiki to use for a HTML5 video site

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Greetings. I want to put up a website with instructive screencasts, and allow for people to add comments to them. I would like use the Video for Everybody technique, partly because I dislike Flash and because it helps in a small way to move the web forward [while being backwards compatable]. I recognize that HTML5 is still in draft, and that support for it varies. I do have some hosting space, and can run Perl, PHP, and Ruby on Rails applications, with a MySQL backend. I should mention that part of my working job involves running some web servers, and that I am a programmer by training (with only a limited familiarity with Perl and PHP, and none with Ruby). I should mention why I don't particularly want to go with a video hosting site (like YouTube or Vimeo): Flash Video Resolution and Quality [I'd like to put up 800x600 videos] Videos promote a club that is not stricly non-profit [ie. may fall afoul of Terms of Service] I'm already paying for web hosting, and free video hosting comes with time and bandwidth limits I don't want there to be two locations where you can comment on the video Now, having said all that, I'd be quite comfortable putting up my own HTML pages, except: that's so web 1.0! :) [ie. it does not allow for comments] I also want to do some blogging and possibly put up a wiki; the site will not be entirely screencasts So, can anyone recommend a CMS (or Wiki, or similar application) that I can customise for this purpose?

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• centos TCP/IP connection very slow

  - by yuli chika

  I have a VSP (centos6.1 64bit) with 4gb ram. It always runs well, but in recent few days, the server become slowly. open a small css file need 22 seconds(2kb). tested in home/office/phone with (IE,chrome,safari,firefox). see in firebug networking DNS Lookup ?4?ms Connecting ?21.18?s Sending 1?ms Waiting ?115?ms Receiving ?9?ms The connection cost 21.18 seconds I have checked all the log file, there have no error. top commond, still have free memory. top - 00:23:15 up 8 days, 3:57, 1 user, load average: 3.60, 3.42, 3.83 Tasks: 221 total, 4 running, 217 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 19.3%us, 3.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 76.1%id, 1.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4194304k total, 3247724k used, 946580k free, 0k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 0k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 32357 mysql 15 0 3710m 835m 6268 S 34.5 20.4 39:14.40 mysqld 9780 apache 15 0 442m 59m 12m S 33.2 1.4 0:05.69 httpd 9842 apache 15 0 403m 26m 10m S 16.9 0.7 0:01.23 httpd 9847 apache 15 0 412m 45m 22m R 15.3 1.1 0:01.00 httpd 9834 apache 15 0 426m 46m 11m R 13.0 1.1 0:02.22 httpd 9891 apache 15 0 407m 43m 19m S 8.0 1.1 0:00.33 httpd 9845 apache 15 0 414m 51m 24m S 6.0 1.3 0:01.53 httpd 9827 apache 15 0 402m 28m 11m S 3.3 0.7 0:02.69 httpd 9768 apache 16 0 414m 51m 24m S 3.0 1.3 0:06.51 httpd 9889 root 15 0 211m 12m 8160 S 2.7 0.3 0:00.32 php 9702 apache 15 0 415m 55m 26m S 1.7 1.4 0:10.67 httpd 9844 apache 15 0 413m 47m 21m S 1.7 1.2 0:01.21 httpd 9697 apache 15 0 414m 51m 24m S 1.3 1.3 0:11.05 httpd 9778 apache 15 0 414m 53m 25m S 1.3 1.3 0:05.38 httpd 9772 apache 15 0 414m 51m 23m R 0.7 1.3 0:05.04 httpd 9823 apache 15 0 415m 50m 23m S 0.7 1.2 0:03.97 httpd 9837 apache 15 0 402m 27m 11m S 0.3 0.7 0:01.04 httpd Then, how to check where is the problem and fixed it? I haven't change and config files in these days. Thanks.

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• Geographically distributed file system with preferred locality

  - by dpb

  Hi All -- I'm building a application that needs to distribute a standard file server across a few sites over a WAN. Basically, each site needs to write a lot of misc files of varying size (some in the 100s MB range, but most small), and the application is written such that collisions aren't a problem. I'd like to have a system set up that meets the following qualifications: Each site can store files in a shared "namespace". That is, all the files would show up in the same filesystem. Each site would not send data over the WAN unless necessary. I.e., there would be local storage on each side of the WAN that would be "merged" into the same logical filesystem. Linux & Free ($$$) is a must. Basically, something like a central NFS share would meet most of the requirements, however it would not allow the locally written data to stay local. All data from remote sides of the WAN would be copied locally all the time. I have looked into Lustre, and have run some successful tests with it, however, it appears to distribute files fairly uniformly across the distributed storage. I have dug through the documentation and have not found anything that automatically will "prefer" local storage over remote storage. Even something that went with the lowest latency storage would be fine. It would work most of the time, which would meet this application's requirements. Any ideas?

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• Recommendations for colocation in the US

  - by Emil

  Hello serverfault I work for a European media company and we are currently looking for colocation in the US. I know the European market quite well unfortunately that is not the case for the US. I'm hoping for you guys to help me out a bit with a few questions, it would be much appreciated! I am looking for a data center that can deliver a high level of availability (tier 3 or better). The installation will be fairly large so capacity is important. Good internet connectivity/carrier presence. However most important is good customer support, skilled dedicated and responsive technical staff, since we won't have tech staff close by. I'm looking for a small and fast moving company that target internet businesses rather than big old enterprise hosting. What locations should we go for given that we want to reach all of the US from a single site and still maintain decent latency? (do we need east and west coast?) Where are the main internet hubs and should you try and get as close as possible? Are there any good online resources I should look at? Where do the large scale internet/media services colocate? Lastly I would be very happy to get some actual recommendations for companies to talk to P.S I'm happy to return the favor if anyone has question regarding data centers and colocation in Europe.

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• Does AMD Cool n Quiet Slow Down Your System?

  - by Software Monkey

  I discovered today that having AMD Cool n Quiet enabled in my BIOS appears to be slowing down my Windows XP SP2 system by about 29% on memory & CPU intensive workloads. I was wondering if (a) anyone else had encountered this, (b) anyone can offer an explanation, (c) there are any negatives I need to be aware of if I keep AMD CnQ disabled. With some superficial testing so far, I don't immediately notice any difference with CnQ off (other than the performance being what I expected from this new hardware). It seems to ramp up the CPU fan a little bit as my program maxes out 1 core, but that's the same as with CnQ on. And when I let the system idle the CPU fan slows down and the systems as quiet as a mouse (after years of 6 small fans churning like they want to go into orbit it's nice to again have a system where I can hear the HDDs seeking). Bonus question: Does CnQ cause issues with system stability? I ask because the reason I disabled it was because I have had a few freezes and 1 spontaneous reboot with my new hardware.

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• SSO "Portal"

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Pursuant to my question on alleviating the password explosion, I've contacted some of the services to whom we are paying money to access their websites to ask if we could authenticate our own users, and some of them said yes and send me specs on how to do so. (One of the sites called such a system a page a "portal"; I've never heard the term used in quite that way.) It is simple enough that I am tempted to roll my own. The largest complication is that one site wants us to store a key for every user in our database (and I think the LDAP database makes sense) after their initial login. So, non-trivial, but doable. The nature of these sorts of tasks, I expect, is that if they start out small and simple, they don't end that way. There must be some software that addresses this that is readily extended, surely. In my searching, I've come across: SimpleSAMLphp JOSSO RubyCAS-Server Shibboleth Pubcookie OpenID [Wow, gee. I'd missed some of those in my previous searches! The wikipedia page on Central Authentication Services is useful, and the section on Alternatives to OpenID makes it look like there is a lot of choice.] Can anyone recommend any of these, or suggest ones to avoid? Internally, we are authenticating using Apple's Open Directory [ == OpenLDAP + Kerberos + Password Server (which, I believe, == SAML) ]. As far as extending/tweaking/advanced configuration of a system, I am able to program in Python, C++, can do some basic PHP, and may be able to remember some Java. Looks like I need to pick up Ruby at some point. Addendum: I would also like users to be able to change their passwords over the web (and for certain users to change passwords of other users).

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• NTBackup Error: C: is not a valid drive

  - by Chris

  I'm trying to use NtBackup to back up the C: Drive on a Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2003 machine and get the following error in the log file: Backup Status Operation: Backup Active backup destination: 4mm DDS Media name: "Media created 04/02/2011 at 21:56" Error: The device reported an error on a request to read data from media. Error reported: Invalid command. There may be a hardware or media problem. Please check the system event log for relevant failures. Error: C: is not a valid drive, or you do not have access. The operation did not successfully complete. I'm using a brand new SATA Quantum Dat-72 drive with a brand new tape (tried a couple of tapes). I carry out the following: Open NTBackup Select Backup Tab Tick the box next to C: Ensure Destination is 4mm DDS Media is set to New Press Start Backup Choose Replace the data on the media and press Start Backup NTBackup tries to mount the media Error Message shows: The device reported an error on a request to read data from media. Error reported: INvalid command. There may be a hardware or media problem. Please check the system event log for relevant failures. On checking the log I find the following: Event Type: Information Event Source: NTBackup Event Category: None Event ID: 8018 Date: 04/02/2011 Time: 22:02:02 User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: Begin Operation For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. and then; Event Type: Information Event Source: NTBackup Event Category: None Event ID: 8019 Date: 04/02/2011 Time: 22:02:59 User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: End Operation: The operation was successfully completed. Consult the backup report for more details. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp.

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• Windows XP corrupts registry every several hours

  - by Ilya Kazakevich

  There is a Dell XPS 400 with Windows Media Center installer. It is installed on RAID (Intel Matrix Storage) which is built-in chipset south bridge. Raid has two 150 Gb WDC drivers connected as mirror. All drivers and updates are installed( sp3 and so on). A week ago PC changed its video mode to 256 colors (like VESA mode) and after several moments I got BSOD: c000021a: 0xc0000005 Doctor watson did not create dump although it is installed as default debugger. After reboot it said that config file is missing or corrupted. So, I boot to recovery console and found that registry file (config) is so small. I've replaced it with one from recovery point and windows booted sucessfully. But after about 3 hrs -- it has crashed again in the same wat! I look in event viewer: is said that Explorer.exe failed to open \global??\DLIAFS. I look in winobj, and found that it is a device. I made "deny from everyone" for this device ACL, and after several hours my windows crashed. I restored registry, boot again and there was no error about DLIAFS. I did full chkdsk and it did not found anything bad. But I found event about error paging to \Harddrive1\D. I do not have pagefile there, but I thought I should check my disk again. Unfortunatelly I cannt use smart tools for RAID, but I downloaded latest software from Intel (it can do the same things like RAID bios can but from windows). It verified my disks, found some errors, fix them, than I rebooted. And it crashed again. I am lost. What (except kernel debugging) could be done here? Thanks

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• Windows XP corrupts registry every several hours

  - by Ilya Kazakevich

  There is a Dell XPS 400 with Windows Media Center installer. It is installed on RAID (Intel Matrix Storage) which is built-in chipset south bridge. Raid has two 150 Gb WDC drivers connected as mirror. All drivers and updates are installed( sp3 and so on). A week ago PC changed its video mode to 256 colors (like VESA mode) and after several moments I got BSOD: c000021a: 0xc0000005 Doctor watson did not create dump although it is installed as default debugger. After reboot it said that config file is missing or corrupted. So, I boot to recovery console and found that registry file (config) is so small. I've replaced it with one from recovery point and windows booted sucessfully. But after about 3 hrs -- it has crashed again in the same wat! I look in event viewer: is said that Explorer.exe failed to open \global??\DLIAFS. I look in winobj, and found that it is a device. I made "deny from everyone" for this device ACL, and after several hours my windows crashed. I restored registry, boot again and there was no error about DLIAFS. I did full chkdsk and it did not found anything bad. But I found event about error paging to \Harddrive1\D. I do not have pagefile there, but I thought I should check my disk again. Unfortunatelly I cannt use smart tools for RAID, but I downloaded latest software from Intel (it can do the same things like RAID bios can but from windows). It verified my disks, found some errors, fix them, than I rebooted. And it crashed again. I am lost. What (except kernel debugging) could be done here? Thanks

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• How to find the cause of locked user account in Windows AD domain

  - by Stephane

  After a recent incident with Outlook, I was wondering how I would most efficiently resolve the following problem: Assume a fairly typical small to medium sized AD infrastructure: several DCs, a number of internal servers and windows clients, several services using AD and LDAP for user authentication from within the DMZ (SMTP relay, VPN, Citrix, etc.) and several internal services all relying on AD for authentication (Exchange, SQL server, file and print servers, terminal services servers). You have full access to all systems but they are a bit too numerous (counting the clients) to check individually. Now assume that, for some unknown reason, one (or more) user account gets locked out due to password lockout policy every few minutes. What would be the best way to find the service/machine responsible for this ? Assuming the infrastructure is pure, standard Windows with no additional management tool and few changes from default is there any way the process of finding the cause of such lockout could be accelerated or improved ? What could be done to improve the resilient of the system against such an account lockout DOS ? Disabling account lockout is an obvious answer but then you run into the issue of users having way to easily exploitable passwords, even with complexity enforced.

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• rsnapshot schedule overlapping, help with backup schedule

  - by Znarkus

  Hello, I have to following configuration. rsnapshot.conf interval halfhourly 4 interval hourly 6 interval twohourly 12 interval daily 7 interval weekly 4 crontab 0,30 * * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot halfhourly >> /var/log/rsnapshot.halfhourly.log 2>&1 5 * * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly >> /var/log/rsnapshot.hourly.log 2>&1 10 */2 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot twohourly >> /var/log/rsnapshot.twohourly.log 2>&1 15 3 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot daily >> /var/log/rsnapshot.daily.log 2>&1 20 6 * * MON /usr/bin/rsnapshot weekly >> /var/log/rsnapshot.weekly.log 2>&1 Only halfhourly is running correctly now. hourly spits out this error: rsnapshot encountered an error! The program was invoked with these options: /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ERROR: Lockfile /var/run/rsnapshot.pid exists and so does its process, can not continue To me it seems like my 5 min space between halfhourly and hourly is too small. Is this configuration crazy? I like having backups every thirty minutes, that will probably save my ass some day. Please help me make a decent backup schedule, that doesn't clog up the system, but creates frequent enough backups. Thank you.

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• Using IIS7 as a reverse proxy

  - by Eric Petroelje

  I'm setting up a server at home to host a few small websites. One of them is .NET based and needs IIS, the others are PHP based and need Apache. So, I have both IIS 7 and Apache 2.2.x installed on my server with IIS on port 80 and Apache running on port 8080. I would like to set up IIS to work as a reverse proxy, forwarding the requests for the Apache sites to port 8080 and serving the requests for the .NET site itself based on the host headers. Like this: www.mydotnetsite.com/* -> IIS -> serve from IIS www.myapachesite.com/* -> IIS -> forward to apache on port 8080 www.myothersite.com/* -> IIS -> forward to apache on port 8080 I did a bit of googling and it seemed like the Application Request Routing feature would do what I needed, but I can't seem to get it to work the way I want it to. I can get it to forward ALL traffic to the Apache server and I can get it to forward traffic with a specific URL pattern to the Apache server, but I can't seem to get it to forward based on the host headers (e.g. "forward all requests for www.apachesite.com - localhost:8080") So the question is, how would I go about configuring ARR to do this? Or do I need a different tool? I'm also open to using Apache as the reverse proxy and forwarding the .NET site requests to IIS instead if that's easier (running Apache on port 80 and IIS on 8080).

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• Is it possible/practical to install and run Linux on a USB flash drive?

  - by Graeme Donaldson

  I'm going to replace my old 2004 vintage desktop PC soon and I have an idea of what I want to do, I'm just not sure if it's possible or realistic. In the time since I built the old PC it has slowly become less used as a PC and more as a file server, so I figured I'd build a small file server which could also function as a router/DHCP/DNS/whatever box. The idea is to base it on an Atom system. I have my eye on the Intel D510MO for the moment. This supports 2 SATA disks, and I'd prefer to dedicate those to data storage. I'd like to install Ubuntu Server or maybe Debian on a 8/16GB USB flash drive. I have seen plenty of tutorials on how to perform an installation from a USB drive, but I can't seem to find any info on actually booting and running the OS from USB flash. Is this even possible? Is it practical? This box will mostly be used for: Making backups of mine and my wife's notebooks via LAN. Will use SMB or NFS for this. Digital media storage, which will be accessed by a Mede8er box with no storage of its own. I will most likely use NFS for this.

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• RRAS Public Address Pool on Windows Server 2008

  - by Art

  I have a Windows 2008 server with two NICs running RRAS and a small public website. It also does NAT for several other PCs on my network and everything works great. I have a block of 5 public static IPs from my ISP, one of which is bound to the public NIC in the Windows 2008 server. I would like to assign one of the remainging 4 public IPs to a machine on my private network. I thought I could do this by going into RRAS, selecting NAT under IPv4 and then adding the public IP address to the address pool and specifying a reservation for the machine I would like to use that address by adding its private ip address. When I do this, the machine I reserved the public IP address for seems to loose all outside network connectivity. I can still ping other PCs on my 192.168.0.* net, but anything outside is no longer reachable. When I remove the reservation, everything seems to work. After setting the reservation and right clicking on the external public interface and selecting 'Show Mappings' I can see outbound requests from my private address with the desired associated private address, however I do not see any inbound requests. What am I doing wrong/missing?

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• a disk read error occurred

  - by kellogs

  Hi, ¨a disk read error occurred¨ appears on screen after choosing to boot into Windows XP from GRUB. [root@localhost linux]# fdisk -lu Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x48424841 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 204214271 102107104+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 204214272 255606783 25696256 af HFS / HFS+ Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 255606784 276488191 10440704 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda4 276490179 312576704 18043263 5 Extended /dev/sda5 * 276490240 286709759 5109760 83 Linux /dev/sda6 286712118 310488254 11888068+ b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda7 310488318 312576704 1044193+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris sda is a 160GB hard disk with quite a few partitions and 3 OSes installed. I am able to boot into Linux and Mac OS fine, but not into Windows anymore. The Windows system is located on /dev/sda1. I can not recall how exactly have I used testdisk but it once said that ¨The harddisk /dev/sda (160GB / 149 GB) seems too small! (< 172GB / 157GB)¨ or something simillar. So far I have tried to ¨fixboot¨ and ¨chkdsk¨ from a recovery console on the affected windows partition (/dev/sda1), the plug off power cord for 15 seconds trick, reinstalling GRUB, repairing the MFT and boot sector of the affected partition via testdisk, what next please ? Thank you!

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• Internet Radio Station for University

  - by ryan

  I am trying to help my University Student Radio station rethink the setup of the way they stream music, but I have some questions regarding the use of Ubuntu to stream music. Currently, the radio station uses two windows machines: one of which is used to stream the radio station and serve the website, and the other is used by rotating djs to select songs and create playlists. The computer used by djs feeds mono into the sound card of the server and the server streams the feed online. -Ideally I would like to maintain a two-computer setup: One computer as server, and another that is used to select and play music by rotating djs. -I would like to use Ubuntu for the server. -I would like to use Windows for the other machine. -The server should be able to stream song information. First, is there a way to somehow get the song information from an analog feed? Second, what is the best streaming server for radio? I have encountered shoutcast, icecast, and darwin, but I don't know where to begin in attempting to gauge them. Finally, if anyone has any tips or pointers about small internet radio station management/ setup they would be appreciated as this is my first radio station, and I am eager to hear of past experiences.

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• Keep Windows Installer from using largest drive for temporary files

  - by stefan.at.wpf

  By default Windows Installer uses the largest drive for temporary storage, no matter if that's needed (meaning there would also be enough space on the system drive). Taken from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa371372%28VS.85%29.aspx: During an administrative installation the installer sets ROOTDRIVE to the first connected network drive it finds that can be written to. If it is not an administrative installation, or if the installer can find no network drives, the installer sets ROOTDRIVE to the local drive that can be written to having the most free space. Now my system drive is an SSD, my largest drive is a RAID, that spins down when it's not used. Remember the SSD as system drive? Everything is silent now! Until I install something and Windows Installer wakes up my RAID again just to put a small .tmp file on it... How can I prevent Windows Installer from using the largest drive as temporary storage? Can I maybe set some access rights to disallow the Windows Installer to write on my RAID drive? Any other ideas? Thank you!

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• MS licensing of multiple RDP sessions for non-MS products in Windows XP Pro

  - by vgv8

  Question 1) and 2) were moved into separate thread Which Windows remote connections bypass LSA? and what r definitions of login vs. logon session? 3) Do I understand correctly that multiple remote RDP sessions are supported by Windows XP but require additional (or modified) licensing? Which one? Or it is always illegal to run multiple RDP sessions on Windows XP? even through non-MS commercial software? ---------- Update1: I already understood my error - the main questions were about definitions (important to find the common language with others) and the licensing questions were collateral - but it was already answered. I shall try to separate these questions leaving here the questions about RDp licensing and migrating other questions into separate thread ---------- Update2: Trying to "work around" licensing terms is pointless and wasteful of time I never try "working around" and I never ask anything like this, I am not specialist in licensing. My clients/employers provide me with tools and licensing support. They have corporate lawyers, planning/accounting/purchase departments for these issues. The questions that I ask is the matter of scalability and efficiency (saving my and others time) in my developing work. For ex., Just because I need autentication against Windows AD it is time-saving to use ADAM instead of deploying full-fledged AD with DC + servers + whatever else? Nobody is forcing you to use Windows XP I shall not rush into re-installing all my operating systems on all my development machines (at home, at client premises) just because a few guys have a lot of fun downvoting development-related questions in serverfault.com. If I do so, I make a joker from me in the eyes of my clolleagues et al Update: I unmarked this question as answered since it had not even adressed the question, at least mine. Should I understand that Terminal Server PRO, allowing Windows® XP and Windows® Small Business Server 2003 to host multiple remote desktop sessions, is illegal? Related: My answer to question Has windows XP support multiple remote login session (RDP) at a time?

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• Simulated NAT Traversal on Virtual Box

  - by Sumit Arora

  I have installed virtual box ( with Two virtual Adapters(NAT-type)) - Host (Ubuntu -10.10) - Guest-Opensuse-11.4 . Objective : Trying to simulate all four types of NAT as defined here : https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/TOP/NAT+Traversal+Testing Simulating the various kinds of NATs can be done using Linux iptables. In these examples, eth0 is the private network and eth1 is the public network. Full-cone iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination Restricted cone iptables -t nat POSTROUTING -o eth1 -p tcp -j SNAT --to-source iptables -t nat POSTROUTING -o eth1 -p udp -j SNAT --to-source iptables -t nat PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp -j DNAT --to-destination iptables -t nat PREROUTING -i eth1 -p udp -j DNAT --to-destination iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -j DROP iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -p udp -m state --state NEW -j DROP Port-restricted cone iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source Symmentric echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables --flush iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE --random iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT What I did : OpenSuse guest with Two Virtual adapters - eth0 and eth1 -- eth1 with address 10.0.3.15 /eth1:1 as 10.0.3.16 -- eth0 with address 10.0.2.15 now running stund(http://sourceforge.net/projects/stun/) client/server : Server eKimchi@linux-6j9k:~/sw/stun/stund ./server -v -h 10.0.3.15 -a 10.0.3.16 Client eKimchi@linux-6j9k:~/sw/stun/stund ./client -v 10.0.3.15 -i 10.0.2.15 On all Four Cases It is giving same results : test I = 1 test II = 1 test III = 1 test I(2) = 1 is nat = 0 mapped IP same = 1 hairpin = 1 preserver port = 1 Primary: Open Return value is 0x000001 Q-1 :Please let me know If any has ever done, It should behave like NAT as per description but nowhere it working as a NAT. Q-2: How NAT Implemented in Home routers (Usually Port Restricted), but those also pre-configured iptables rules and tuned Linux

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• Cannot open files in Visual Studio but in Delphi and Notepad

  - by Andrew J. Brehm

  About an hour ago Visual Studio 2008 decided that it cannot find files any more. This is on 64 bit Windows Vista. When I right-click on a text file (source code or otherwise) and select "open with" and "Visual Studio 2008", I get the following error (example): Windows cannot find 'C:\Users\ajbrehm\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\Hello Prism\Hello Prism\Main.pas'. Make sure you typed the name correctly, and then try again. When I right-click the same file and select "open with" and "Delphi 2010" or "Notepad" (both other options available for text files on my system), the file opens correctly. Oddly enough when the file is part of a Visual Studio project and I open the project itself with Visual Studio (this works), I can open the file from within Visual Studio. Any ideas what might be going on? This started about an hour after I made a complete backup of my Vista VM and after I installed IIS 7, SQL Express, and Sourcegear Vault. The first files I noticed couldn't be opened in Visual Studio any more where Pascal source files in checked-outed folders from Vault. And Vault also seems to be unable to see one of the sources files and claims they don't exist. I found out about Visual Studio not opening ANY files any more when I tried to recreate the file Vault refused to see. Update: I just checked. Another user, "administrator", can still open text files with Visual Studio 2008. Both users have administrator rights. Update: I just restored the hours-old backup. Same problem. Apparently whatever triggered this happened before the install of IIS 7 and SQL Express. Never noticed it before.

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• RRAS with DHCP when the IP pool is on a different subnet

  - by John B

  I run a small business network and the last couple of days I have been setting up some equipment to add VPN capabilities to our network. I've got the following set up: Windows 2008 R2 with RRAS - 172.22.200.50 Cisco RV082 router - 172.22.100.1 / 172.22.200.1 The Cisco router only support DHCP on a single class C network; 172.22.100.0/24. On the Cisco router I have set up an additional subnet; 172.22.200.0/24. The DHCP range is 172.22.100.200-254 When a PPTP connection comes in to the router, it is forwarded to my RRAS at 172.22.200.50. If I configure RRAS to assign IPs from a static pool on the 172.22.200.0/24 subnet everything works fine except the DNS suffix / search domain. However, if I set RRAS to use DHCP I am no longer able to contact any devices on the network. The IP I receive is on a different subnet (172.22.100.0/24). Is it possible to still use DHCP as the method of ip assignment in RRAS, even when the IP adresses assigned are in a different subnet? If yes, what piece of configuration am I missing to fix the VPN connection issues mentioned in the paragraph above. The reason I want RRAS with DHCP to work is because from what I have understood, this is the "only" way to hand out a DNS suffix to VPN clients. Any help on this matter is greatly appreciated!

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• FreeBSD ZFS RAID-Z2 performance issues

  - by Axel Gneiting

  I'm trying to build my own network attached storage based on FreeBSD+ZFS+standard components, but there are strange performance issues. The hardware specs are: AMD Athlon II X2 240e processor ASUS M4A78LT-M LE mainboard 2GiB Kingston ECC DDR3 (two sticks) Intel Pro/1000 CT PCIe network adapter 5x Western Digital Caviar Green 1.5TB I created a RAID-Z2 zpool from all disks. I installed FreeBSD 8.1 on that zpool following the tutorial. The SATA controllers are running in AHCI mode. Output of zpool status: pool: zroot state: ONLINE scrub: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz2 ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/7ef815fc-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/80344432-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/81741ad9-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/824af5cb-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/82f98a65-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 The problem is that write performance on the pool is very very bad (<10 MB/s) and every application that is accessing the disk is unresponsive every few seconds when writing. It seems like writing is fine until the ZFS ark cache is full and then ZFS stalls the entire system I/O till it's finished writing that data. Also I'm getting kmem_malloc to small kernel panics. I've already tried to put vm.kmem_size="1500M" vm.kmem_size_max="1500M" into /boot/loader.conf, but it doesn't help. Does anyone know what's going on here? Am I really not having enough memory for ZFS to handle this RAID-Z2?

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• 10Gbe sfp+ Cross Over Cable required? Is there such a thing?

  - by dc-patos

  To preface, this is my first experience with 10GBe networking and I have encountered an issue which research does not seem to document a solution for... I have two servers (older DL580G5 and DL380G5), each with a HP NC522SFP 10Gbe dual sfp+ port adapter. I have purchased copper "passive" direct connect adapter cables (which look like twinax), which seem to work well when I connect them to the sfp+ ports on my Dell 5524 switch. However, if I directly connect the two servers with the same cable, the link doesn't come up. I am running WS2012 standard on each server. My intention is to use one of these servers as a home brew SAN and I would like to enable mutiple 10Gbe paths for iSCSI traffic. My question(s): Can I connect the two adapters to each other, such as I would with other less speedy generations of ethernet? If I can, do I require a crossover cable, or some type of other sfp+ cable solution to do this? My 10Gbe sfp+ switch ports are premium, but server to server connections are doable in small numbers for me and I would really like the multiple paths this would give me. Is there a simple solution?

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• Windows Server 2008 R2 - Cannot Change DNS Domain Context on Some Machines

  - by Richie086

  So I have a small Windows Server 2008 R2 network consisting of a domain controller, a file server, sql server, etc. All machines are joined to a windows domain (CPUSHIELD.COM) and show up in Active Directory Users and Computers under the Computers OU. Each computer has a DNS record as well that was populated when I joined each computer to the domain. However, when I go to my SQL server VM (which is joined to CPUSHIELD.COM) and try to add domain users or groups to the local users or groups on my file server (which is a physical machine) or my sql server (which is a virtual machine), for some reason I cannot change the context to the CPUSHIELD.COM domain.. For example: Here is the really strange thing, I have two other servers on my network that do show CPUSHIELD.COM in the From This Location field (as I would expect with any machine joined to a domain) and I am able to search the local machine and/or domain for users/groups to add. I have done hundreds of Windows Server 2008 installs and this is the first time I have run into this issue. Any ideas? Let me know if you need more info

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