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• I Cannot connect to remote MySQL database using SSH tunnel

  - by Scott

  Brand new server, brand new MySQL 5.5 install on Ubuntu 12.04. I can log in to the database as root from the command line. I can log on via Navicat MySQL or Sequel Pro as root on port 3306 from my Mac. I cannot log in using an SSH tunnel to the server and then to the database as root. I have tried both localhost and 127.0.0.1 as server for the local connection part. My password is fine. root is currently defined at %, 127.0.0.1, and localhost. I have set up this same type of connection at least 30 times before and never had a problem. The SSH connection gets made with no problem, and then it just hangs trying to connect to the DB and finally times out. The only thing I changed in my.cnf was to comment out the bind-address = 127.0.0.1 line. Any help? Any Ideas?

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• Is there a "pattern" or a group that defines *rc files in *nix environments?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm starting to use command line a little more, and I see there are a lot of ways to configure some config files in my $HOME. This is good, since you can customize it the way you really like. Unfortunately, for begginners, having too many options is a little confusing. For example, I created .bash_alias for some alias I'm using. I didn't even know this option existed, I'm used to simply edit .bashrc. Do exist a pattern, a "good practice", envisioning flexibility and modularity in terms of rc files structure? Do exist a standardization group for this, or every body just creates it's own configuration setup?

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• How can I install Ubuntu's 10.10 kernel I Ubuntu 12.10?

  - by user103533

  I did use Ubuntu 10.10 for a long time, and now I replaced it with Ubuntu 12.10, every thing works great, but I do have one little problem, which is with my wireless card. On Ubuntu 10.10, it worked PERFECTLY, and it even worked better than in windows 7, so I was very happy with Ubuntu 10.10, but, like I said, after installing 12.10, my wireless card doesn't work any more, so I heard that KERNELS are the reason for that. Are kernels the reason for my wireless not working now? If yes then please teach me how to remove my current kernels and install 10.10 kernels. I went to -Additional Drivers- and i found something very weird i took picture and this is what it look like "apply changes" Button NOT active so i can't install driver :( anyway... my Wireless card is WL-138g v2 (remember on Ubuntu 10.10 it was WORKING 100% normally and FREE i did NOT pay for it driver) so... now what shall i do ? it is saying in picture // Using Non-Free firmware for linux kernel drivers from linux-firmware-nonfree (proprietary) // BTW i did "rfkill list" but NO-thing appear under that command.

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• How to recursively change folder permissions on WAMP server [closed]

  - by user1543227

  How do I change folder permissions recursively in Windows 7? Specifically, for my WAMP server, I want to change the permissions of my "www" folder so that its contents can be viewed over the Internet, and I want all of its subfolders to have the same permissions. Currently, for each folder, I'm getting the following message in my browser: "You don't have permission to access / on this server." I believe there's a simple command I could enter in a terminal for recursively changing folder permissions for global access; I just don't know what it is.

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• Only show changed files with verbose option

  - by qox

  I would like rsync to print modified and deleted files. The verbose option (-v) does print modified files but also the list of subdirectories, maybe because touched directories are considered modified. Since I sync a lot of files from a lot of subdirectories, it's impossible to see the actual changes. So, is there a way to not print directories using rsync ? Im not looking for grep -v "*/$" kind of answers since it would also exclude new directories. Command I am using: rsync -avh --delete /media/data/src /media/data/bkp And everytime it prints the list of all directories: src/dir1/ src/dir1/sdir1/ src/dir1/sdir2/ src/dir2/ ..... Thanks for your help.

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• Mounting an Amazon EC2 instance on Mac OS X

  - by hinghoo

  I've got public key authentication working between my Mac OS X and an Amazon EC2 instance so that from the command-line I can just type the following and it works: ssh root@[IPAddressOfEC2Instance] The strange thing is that I can't seem to mount the instance using "Connect to Server" in the Finder. I've tried typing the following server addresses into the "Connect to Server" dialog: ftps://[IPAddressOfEC2Instance] ftps://root@[IPAddressOfEC2Instance] But all I get is You entered an invalid username or password. Please try again. The root user on the EC2 instance has a blank password and I'm wondering if it has to do with that. However, I can't change the password for the root user. I can use an SFTP client to connect to the machine, I just can't mount it with "Connect to server". It asks for a username and password (for a registered user) and it's root/[blank] which it doesn't accept. The other option is "Guest" which brings up an empty folder in the Finder.

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• What is the best way to shutdown hard disk?

  - by Sunil

  Right Now I'm using hdparm command in unix to shut down the hard disk but there are few issues with it. when it wakes back up it consumes lots power. Is there any other way to do it? Many times when I put my hard disk to sleep, I can see few bursts at the beginning and then after a while it goes to sleep. I think its because of the journaling system in ubuntu (which I use) Have anybody encountered that? What would be the best linux/unix operating system (eg: ubuntu/centos/redhat) to work on extensive hard disk operations? I would highly appreciate if you could share the problems you encountered while doing this operation.

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• How to backup data from linux servers to linux server (incremental + snapshot)?

  - by wag2639

  We have a handful of hosted servers running RHEL4 and RHEL5 and would like to backup some key folders (I'm thinking /var /srv and /etc) to a local server we have in house. The local server is running Ubuntu 9.10 Server edition. I'm looking for a free (preferably OSS) way to grab (or push) incremental backups to my local server and once a month or so, make a new snapshot for incremental updates in between snapshots. Also, while I'm comfortable with using a command line, others may need to use the system in the future, and I would like some kind of graphical or web interface to browse the backup repository. Suggestions?

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• How to backup data from linux servers to linux server (incremental + snapshot)?

  - by wag2639

  We have a handful of hosted servers running RHEL4 and RHEL5 and would like to backup some key folders (I'm thinking /var /srv and /etc) to a local server we have in house. The local server is running Ubuntu 9.10 Server edition. I'm looking for a free (preferably OSS) way to grab (or push) incremental backups to my local server and once a month or so, make a new snapshot for incremental updates in between snapshots. Also, while I'm comfortable with using a command line, others may need to use the system in the future, and I would like some kind of graphical or web interface to browse the backup repository. Suggestions?

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• How do I copy ACLs on Mac OS X?

  - by MagerValp

  Most unix derivates can copy ACLs from one file to another with: getfacl filename1 | setfacl -f - filename2 Unfortunately Mac OS X does not have the getfacl and setfacl commands, as they have rolled ACL handling into chmod. chmod -E accepts a list of ACLs on stdin, but I haven't found a command that will spit out ACLs in a suitable format on stdout. The best I have come up with is: ls -led filename1 | tail +2 | sed 's/^ *[0-9][0-9]*: *//' | chmod -E filename2 Is there a more robust solution? Bonus question: is there a nice way to do it in Python, without using any modules that aren't shipped with 10.6?

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• What are semaphores and how are they caused?

  - by tharkun

  I recently started having the problem that my Apache crashed and could not be restarted. The hosting company then told me that it has to do with 'semaphores' and sent me this snipped with which they solved the problem: /usr/bin/ipcrm sem $(/usr/bin/ipcs -s | grep www-data | awk '{print$2}') Now that's nice to have a command to execute that solves my problem but then again I have no clue what this is all about. What are semaphores and who the heck puts them, where they are and how do they crash my apache? I'd be really glad for some general explanations!

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• Why Virtualbox VDI doubles the space of the VM hard disk?

  - by logoff

  I have one Xubuntu 12.10 64 bit Virtualbox VM on a Windows 7 64 bit host. It has one dynamic allocated hard disk with VDI format with maximum capacity of 20GB. If I use a command df -h in the VM I get that 5.3GB are in use in th main partition. I have only 2 partitions, one for the ext4 hard disk and another with 512MB of swap. I have no snapshots. The VDI file of this VM has 10.7GB. It is normal this difference of space? It is caused because the VDI format?

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• What's a worthwhile test for a new HD?

  - by Michael Kohne

  I work for a company that uses standard 2.5" SATA HD's in our product. We presently test them by running the Linux 'badblocks -w' command on them when we get them - but they are 160 gig drives, so that takes like 5 hours (we boot parted magic onto a PC to do the scan). We don't actually build that many systems at a time, so this doable, but seriously annoying. Is there any research or anecdotal evidence on what a good incoming test for a hard drive should be? I'm thinking that we should just wipe them with all zeros, write out our image, and do a full drive read back. That would end up being only about 1 hour 45 minutes total. Given that drives do block remapping on their own, would what I've proposed show up any infant mortality just as well as running badblocks?

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• Remap control key in gnome-terminal?

  - by Colin

  I just installed Ubuntu to get more familiar with it since I'll be using it in a new job shortly. I use Macs at home and in my current job, so I'd like to make it as Mac-like as possible. I've remapped the command and control characters using the following .xmodmap: remove control = Control_L Control_R remove mod4 = Super_L Super_R add control = Super_L Super_R add mod4 = Control_L Control_R Which works great for everything except the terminal, since Ctrl-C is now mapped to CMD-C, and still conflicts with what I'd like to use to copy. Is there any way I can remap the Control key just for the terminal? I'm willing to consider gnome-terminal alternatives if required.

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• What's the best way to forward traffic on a specific port to another machine?

  - by Ankit

  The setup I have is this: [client01] <-A-> [server01] <-B-> [server02] client01 can access port 9300 on server01 (connection A). server01 can access port 9300 on server02 (connection B). What's the best way to make all traffic on port 9300 to server01 go to port 9300 on server02? I can successfully do this with an ssh tunnel from client01 to server01 to server02, but I don't want to have to run ssh on client01. When I ssh from server01 to server02 forwarding port 9300 (ssh -g -L9300:localhost:9300 server02 on server01), it doesn't work -- am I using the wrong command?

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• Books or other materials to overcome Linux learning curve?

  - by Marek Osvald

  I was born in 1989 and am an active Windows user since 1993. I've always struggled with Linux, not being able to configure the system the way I would like, snooping through blogs and forums for answers, never actually overcame the barrier. The books I've seen and read are either completely command line oriented (and don't get me wrong it's awesome to know this stuff when you're working on a server for example) but seems rather impractical to me on a desktop computer that's partially my development environment. The other kind are user manual describing step-by-step the controls of simplest applications like the Calculator, totally useless to me. What would you recommend for a programmer who needs to learn how to work with Linux but already knows the basics? What materials did you use to learn how to start with Linux?

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• How to remove permanent map of a network drive on OS X Lion?

  - by Flijfi

  Some time ago I mapped a network drive on my Snow Leopard Mac, which was upgraded to Lion. The network drive is not active any more and I receive popups all the time with the error: There was a problem connecting to the server XXXX. I have no idea how I configured at the time. I may have included a mount command, in a config file but I don't know any more where I did it. I reviewed the Preferences/Account/Login items and there is no permanent mapping there. OSX is updated as Nov 27,2011 and the issue is not related to the upgrade to Lion itself but to a misconfiguration. Any help will be greatly appreciated. (If you have the opposite problem, here is the link to solve it: Permanently map a network drive on Mac OS X Leopard)

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• Configuring network to set wlan0 as primary

  - by Sheed

  I recently had to rebuild my pc and decided to go for ubuntu 14.04. I think the mistake I made was I started from a 12.04 install disk instead of the 12.10 disk I'd used previously and when given the option set my primary connection as ethernet (because the wireless option didn't work). After upgrading to 14.04 etc, I managed to get the wireless working, or more using steps like ifconfig -a and the likes I managed to prove that the wireless card etc. is all installed and working. However every time I boot without a hard wired connection plugged in I get the message "waiting for network configuration". I can then once it's booted without a network get my wirless working using sudo ifconfig wlan0 up iwlist wlan0 scan This seems to kick the wireless module into life and it appears in the GUI and I can then select a network, however all the options like edit network and disconnect etc are all greyed out. What I would like of course is if the WLAN0 was just set as my primary default network so I've been looking for a solution to this and it would seem that I need to adjust the old /etc/network/interfaces file but when I try to do so using the sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces command I, well I simply have no idea what I'm doing. Other than that typing :q! gets me out of there before I do to much damage! As far as I can tell (by navigating to the file in the GUI) the output of my /etc/network/interfaces is as follows: (obviously not including the " in each line that's just to break the heading rule of the #) "# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system "# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). "# The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback "# The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp If this is the case then this clearly doesn't contain what it should do but I don't how to fix it. Nor do I even know if I'm on the right track. Any help would be appreciated thanks :)

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• ftp-client works fine. ftp-tls-client fails on one computer and works on another

  - by ispiro

  Connecting to ftp - from a Windows Server 2012 - it works both secure (-over tls) and unsecure. From a Windows 7 it succeeds unsecure but fails when secure. (Using explicit TLS and passive mode.) filezilla: 234 AUTH command ok. Expecting TLS Negotiation. Initializing TLS... Connection timed out I've tried many things but nothing helps. (I'm also trying this programmatically. For details see: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25393716/ftp-ssl-fails-after-expecting-tls-negotiation ) The fact that it does succeed from one computer proves that the ftp server is fine. And the fact that the Windows 7 computer succeeds without tls proves that it's not a NAT/firewall problem (besides, it failed even after disabling firewall etc.). I'm not sure where to start looking. Perhaps a difference between PC Windows and Windows Server? EDIT The ftp server is on a Windows Server 2012.

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• Centos 6.2, Apache 2 and Listen port for socket connection

  - by salvosav

  I'm trying to make a socket connection between a client and my server through a php script. To do this, I opened a port on iptables, and configure a virtual host with apache to redirect all traffic from my door to the folder that contains the file index.php, which is my script. Doing some tests the door is open, but using command netstat -ltn , I see ':::35100'. Looking on the net I understand if in this way is only listen inward and not outward. But I don't understand how can I turn this ':::35100 '-' in this '0.0.0.0:35100 '. Or, better yet, how to add this rule. Any ideas? thanks

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• rsync stuck with the --checksum option

  - by billc.cn

  I use back-in-time to backup my Linux installation. It serves as an advanced wrapper for the rsync command. Today I tried to add /var/log to the list of folders to be backed up and it caused some serious performance problems. The job seems to stuck on a particular file and the CPU usage of the rsync parent process reaches 100%. I then used lsof to see which file caused the problem and it seems to be the /var/log directory. I did some googling and some experiments with the different rsync options and found --checksum to be the offender. Without the parameter, an incremental backup finishes properly in minutes. With it, the process will stuck when rsync tries to sync a constantly changing log file. This kind of make sense, but it still seems to be a bug to me. Am I using the option correctly? Is there a workaround for this?

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• Is there a "pattern" or a group that defines *rcs files in *nix environments?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm starting to use command line a little more, and I see there are a lot of ways to configure some config files in my $HOME. This is good, since you can customize it the way you really like. Unfortunately, for begginners, having too many options is a little confusing. For example, I created .bash_alias for some alias I'm using. I didn't even know this option existed, I'm used to simply edit .bashrc. Do exist a pattern, a "good practice", envisioning flexibility and modularity in terms of rc files structure? Do exist a standardization group for this, or every body just creates it's own configuration setup?

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• Cannot log-in in the install of phpmyadmin on Ubuntu

  - by Sylario

  I just installed phpmyadmin and i am trying to login in /phpmyadminpath/setup. I am greeted by an invite similar to an apache protected folder (log/password displayed in a browser pop-up, not an html popup) asking for login pass. I cannot login using system password(root) or mysql passsword(also root) I already have rails app using this mysql, and i checked the mysql password in the config files. I cannot run any mysql command in my console because of the following error : ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) What is wrong with phpmyadmin and mysql?

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• Don't understand [0:0] iptable syntax

  - by artaxerxe

  I'm struggling with some iptables rules. I'm a newbie in iptables. I found some resources where I get the following command related to iptables. This is stored in a file that will be executed. [0:0] -A PREROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 81 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.6:3128 Can anybody explain me what does [0:0] mean? Also, some link related to this in iptables are welcome. Thanks in advance! P.S. If you need more rules, just let me know.

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• Equalizing Agent and Master Nagios on state change alone

  - by punith

  We have a setup where there are distributed Nagios running on multiple sites and are equalizing their data to the main Nagios server. The problem is it sends back the data to main Nagios server no matter if there is a state change in host or service. Is it possible to configure the slave Nagios to check the service/Host every 5 sec but send back the data only if there is a state change. Currently it is implemented by Obsess Over Hosts/Service which always runs the command which will equalize. Nagios version is 3 I am no administrator but a developer so I don't know the exact jargon so please bare with me.

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