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  • EngineX ignores Auth Basic?

    - by Miko
    I have configured nginx to password protect a directory using auth_basic. The password prompt comes up and the login works fine. However... if I refuse to type in my credentials, and instead hit escape multiple times in a row, the page will eventually load w/o CSS and images. In other words, continuously telling the login prompt to go away will at some point allow the page to load anyway. Is this an issue with nginx, or my configuration? Here is my virtual host: 31 server { 32 server_name sub.domain.com; 33 root /www/sub.domain.com/; 34 35 location / { 36 index index.php index.html; 37 root /www/sub.domain.com; 38 auth_basic "Restricted"; 39 auth_basic_user_file /www/auth/sub.domain.com; 40 error_page 404 = /www/404.php; 41 } 42 43 location ~ \.php$ { 44 include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params; 45 } 46 } My server runs CentOS + nginx + php-fpm + xcache + mysql

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  • Which upgrade path for disk IO bound postgres server?

    - by user41679
    Hi all, We currently have a Sun x4270 with 2xquad core Xeon Nehalmen 2.93ghz cores (16 threads), 72 gig of ram and 16 x 10k SAS disks split between the os raid 1, a partition for the Write Ahead Logs which is raid 10 and a partition for the database tables and indexes which is also raid 10, all xfs. I'm currently evaluating which path to go down in terms of upgrades. We'll be sharding the DB at some point soon, but for now I need to focus on hardware upgrades specifically. The machine is not CPU or memory bound at all at the moment, just IOWait is become an issue. The machine is mostly write access as we have a heavy caching layer. We're seeing about 300 write IOPS average on both the database partitions. We don't have any additional storage infrastructure like a Fiber Channel or ISCSI network. Budget isn't too much of a concern, something inline with the size of this server (i.e no $1m IBM machines) Space is ok on the DB side of things, we're running out obviously but there's also some reduction we can do. Additional space would be good though. My current thoughts are either: * ISCSI SAN, possible with 10Gbit network that has solid state acceleration. * FusionIO card / Sun F20 card (will the FusionIO card work in the Sun box? * DAS shelf (something like this http://www.broadberry.co.uk/das-direct-attached-storage-servers/cyberstore-224s-das) which a combination of 15k sas disks and some Intel X25-E drives for DB indexes etc) what would I need to put in the x4270 to add a DAS shelf? I think it's a SAS HBA card, do I have to use Sun's own card or will any PCI Express card work? Anything else??? what would you guys do from your experience? I appreciate it's a lot of questions, but I haven't expanded a DB machine for a number of years and the landscape has changed dramatically since then! Any advice or feedback would be very much appreciated. Let me know if there's anything else I can clarify. Thanks in advance!

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  • how to go about scaling a web-application ?

    - by phoenix24
    for someone whoes been primarily a web-application developer, and know not much about scaling/scalability techniques. I'll start by stating my application is written in Python, using Django; a fairly standard setup. I currently use Apache 2.2 for my webserver, and MySql for my database server; both running on the same vps server. Up until now, it was basically a prototype and merely 15-30 concurrent users at any given time; so I had no issues, but now since we'll be adding more users we'll have severe performance issues. So my question is how do i go about scaling my web-application? and my plan is as follows. Now I have just one vps server running, apache + mysql. Next, I plan to add another vps server, to run only MySql; so i'll have one web-server and one db server. Next, I'll add Memcache to the webserver for caching data; and taking some load off mysql. Next, another web-server for serving all the static content; Next, a vps server for load-balancing (nginx/varnish) behind which would be my two web-servers and then db-server. Does that sound like a workable strategy, please guide me around here.

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  • Remote paging with Nagios when network is down and email won't work -- cellular modems and alternatives

    - by Quinten
    What is the best option for remote paging when network services are down? I'm looking for a solution that can let me know when network services are down during off-hours only, and especially when email/smtp services are out. Therefore, it needs to be redundant to our network and power supply. I'm imagining a cellular modem is one option. What's the price range for these? Is anybody using them and feel that they are worth the cost? I'm imagining that it's something we would end up sending an emergency page ~ 1x/month at most, so I'd like the pricing to reflect that--I don't mind a high per-page cost as long as it has a low recurring cost. Another option would be to expose at least one server to remote ping, and run a check script on a remote server. Are there paid options for this? Currently, we run Nagios on a Linux VM on a Windows 2008 Hyper-V host. It would be great if the solution would work in that environment, but I know it's tricky with external devices, and we could move Nagios to a standalone workstation if needed.

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  • How do I clear out the ssh-agent entries (on Mac OS X )?

    - by cwd
    I'm running Mac OS X, and it appears that after SSHing to several machines, using identity files, my 'ssh-agent' builds up a lot of identity / keys and then sometimes offers too many to a remote machine, causing them to kick me off before connecting: Received disconnect from 10.12.10.16: 2: Too many authentication failures for cwd It's pretty obvious what's happening, and this page talks about it in more detail: SSH servers only allow you to attempt to authenticate a certain number of times. Each failed password attempt, each failed pubkey/identity that is offered, etc, take up one of these attempts. If you have a lot of SSH keys in your agent, you may find that an SSH server may kick you out before allowing you to attempt password authentication at all. If this is the case, there are a few different workarounds. Rebooting clears the agent and then everything works OK again. I can also add this line to my .ssh/config file to force it to use password authentication: PreferredAuthentications keyboard-interactive,password Anyhow, I saw the note on the page I referenced talking about deleting keys from the agent, but I'm not sure if that applies on a Mac since they appear to be cleared after reboot anyhow. Is there a simple way to clear out all keys in the 'ssh-agent' (the same thing that happens at reboot)?

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  • apache: can't renew ssl certificate

    - by Caballero
    I have Godaddy SSL certificate for one website on my dedicated server running Centos 5.3 / Apache 2.2.3. I have renewed certificate on Godaddy recently, however now it's showing as expired on my website. I've re-keyed certificate since and reuploaded domain.key, domain.crt and bundle.crt (example file names) files to the server, restarted apache, but the sertificate still shows as expired. I'm running out of clues. I've tried replacing content of .crt files with jiberish and restart apache - it's still showing that certificate is expired, even though it shouldn't be picked up at all. I eventually rebooted dedicated server, still no luck. I'm using free SSL check tool http://www.digicert.com/help/ which clearly shows all the green checks except one - certificate is expired. Has someone any idea what might be causing this? Could there be some kind of caching going on here? UPDATE: after running openssl x509 -in domain.crt -noout -enddate I'm getting this output: notAfter=Jun 2 08:16:51 2013 GMT So I asume this means I have the right certificate on the server and yet the old expired one shows on the web...

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  • getent passwd fails, getent group works?

    - by slugman
    I've almost got my AD integration working completely on my OpenSUSE 12.1 server. I have a OpenSUSE 11.4 system successfully integrated into our AD environment. (Meaning, we use ldap to authenticate to AD directory via kerberos, so we can login to our *nix systems via AD users, using name service caching daemon to cache our passwords and groups). Also, important to note these systems are in our lan, ssl authentication is disabled. I am almost all the way there. Nss_ldap is finally authenticating with ldap server (as /var/log/messages shows), but right now, I have another problem: getent passwd & getent shadow fails (shows local accounts only), but getent group works! Getent group shows all my ad groups! I copied over the relavent configuration files from my working OpenSUSE 11.4 box: /etc/krb5.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nscd.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/sssd/sssd.conf /etc/pam.d/common-session-pc /etc/pam.d/common-account-pc /etc/pam.d/common-auth-pc /etc/pam.d/common-password-pc I didn't modify anything between the two. I really don't think I need to modify anything, because getent passwd, getent shadow, and getent group all works fine on the OpenSUSE11.4 box. Attempting to restart nscd service unfortunately didn't do much, and niether did running /usr/sbin/nscd -i passwd. Do any of you admin-gurus have any suggestions? Honestly, I'm happy I made it this far. I'm almost there guys!

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  • IIS crashes with unhandled exception in ASP.NET

    - by SnowCrash
    We had an issue recently with an unhandled exception in an ASP.NET C# application bringing down IIS and all application pools that it was hosting. IIS Manager was unable to restart or stop/start the service and I was unable start IIS again after killing w3wp.exe in the task manager. A system reboot restored IIS to a running state; as a primarily Linux admin, I generally consider an unplanned system reboot to resolve a software error to be an act of high heresy. Is there a way to "harden" IIS so that a faulting application does not affect anything but the request that exposes the fault? Some details on the server and application fault. IIS: 7.5 .NET: 4.0 Windows Server 2008 R2 Faulted on call to System.Net.Dns.Resolve() with a url pointing to a non-existant domain as the argument. (I'm aware that this method is deprecated but the point that a page code issue shouldn't bring down the server still stands) The exception generated was SocketException. The faulting module according to event viewer was KERNELBASE.dll The issue was resolved by wrapping the call in a try-catch, logging the exception and displaying some generic content on the page. I'm hoping that I missed something in the IIS config that would switch it to "production" mode or something.

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  • Dedicated virtual setup is slow with WordPress

    - by kovshenin
    Hey. I'm running a Fedora linux server on the Amazon EC2 platform. I'm pretty sure there's something wrong with my configuration as it seems to be very slow. SSH sometimes takes over 30 seconds to connect, a WordPress generated web page could take 5 seconds to load, and it could take 20 seconds to load, which is pretty awkward. MySQL queries are all executed in less than a second, so I don't think that's the case. I'm not really sure where the issue lies, but a simple page written in PHP loads instantly. A fresh WordPress installation starts lagging. Same works perfect on grid hosting at MediaTemple for instance, so I'm pretty sure I missed something. If you could please direct me to the right tools and articles which would help me out. Thanks so much! Fedora Core 8, php 5.2.6, MySQL 5.0.45, OpenSSH 4.7p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8b. PHP is configured as a module to Apache 2.2.9, all websites based on virtual hosts. I have some on-going php scripts running from time to time in the background via cron. Thanks.

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  • How to find out what is causing a slow down of the application on this server?

    - by Jan P.
    This is not the typical serverfault question, but I'm out of ideas and don't know where else to go. If there are better places to ask this, just point me there in the comments. Thanks. Situation We have this web application that uses Zend Framework, so runs in PHP on an Apache web server. We use MySQL for data storage and memcached for object caching. The application has a very unique usage and load pattern. It is a mobile web application where every full hour a cronjob looks through the database for users that have some information waiting or action to do and sends this information to a (external) notification server, that pushes these notifications to them. After the users get these notifications, the go to the app and use it, mostly for a very short time. An hour later, same thing happens. Problem In the last few weeks usage of the application really started to grow. In the last few days we encountered very high load and doubling of application response times during and after the sending of these notifications (so basically every hour). The server doesn't crash or stop responding to requests, it just gets slower and slower and often takes 20 minutes to recover - until the same thing starts again at the full hour. We have extensive monitoring in place (New Relic, collectd) but I can't figure out what's wrong; I can't find the bottlekneck. That's where you come in: Can you help me figure out what's wrong and maybe how to fix it? Additional information The server is a 16 core Intel Xeon (8 cores with hyperthreading, I think) and 12GB RAM running Ubuntu 10.04 (Linux 3.2.4-20120307 x86_64). Apache is 2.2.x and PHP is Version 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.11. If any configuration information would help analyze the problem, just comment and I will add it. Graphs info phpinfo() apc status memcache status collectd Processes CPU Apache Load MySQL Vmem Disk New Relic Application performance Server overview Processes Network Disks (Sorry the graphs are gifs and not the same time period, but I think the most important info is in there)

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  • My Ruby on Rails application only works if the address contains the port

    - by True Soft
    I have a Ruby on Rails application that works ok on my notebook ( http://localhost:3000/ ) I uploaded it on my hosting server, created with CPanel X an application, the URL is http://example.com:12007/ created a rewrite from http://example.com/ to http://example.com:12007/, and started it. If I write in my browser http://example.com:12007/ or http://www.example.com:12007/ all the pages work as expected. But if I write http://example.com/ or http://www.example.com/ the first page is displayed, but without any css or images (just like it wouldn't find them). I can see all the text (even the text from my MySQL database), but with no format. And if I click on any link, I get a error page like this: Not Found The requested URL /some_controller was not found on this server. Additionally, a 404 Not Found error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request. What should I do to make my website work without writing the port in the address bar? The content of my /public_html/.htaccess file is RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example.com$ [OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.example.com$ RewriteRule ^/?$ "http\:\/\/127\.0\.0\.1\:12007%{REQUEST_URI}" [P,QSA,L] which I guess was generated by CPanel Rewrites.

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  • One server with multiple desktops "heads" with VNC

    - by Alexis K
    I am managing a system of kiosks. Each kiosk currently is running a web browser with the application for the kiosk running in the browser. Each kiosk needs to be able to display separate content. At times, the application running in the web browser freezes. Thus, I have to go out to the site to refresh the page. I want to see if there is a way to have one central server that has multiple browser heads. Then each kiosk would run a program like VNC to display one of the heads. This way when the program freezes, I just have to login to the central server and refresh the page. Getting VNC or another remote desktop software installed on the clients is no problem. What I am looking for is a way to have VNC remote into a specific head of a head of a web browser. Does such a thing exist? Or do I have to run a VM for each kiosk to remote into? Any advice, pointers, or solutions would be helpful.

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  • 'Bug in Mailman version 2.1.12'

    - by davorg
    I'm working on setting up a server running Plesk 10.4.4 Update #13 on Centos 6.2. I've configured Mailman and now I want to set up some mailing lists. I've created a list in the Plesk control panel, but when I try to administer the new list (by visiting http://lists.[domain].com/mailman/admin/[listname] I see the following error: Bug in Mailman version 2.1.12 We're sorry, we hit a bug! Please inform the webmaster for this site of this problem. Printing of traceback and other system information has been explicitly inhibited, but the webmaster can find this information in the Mailman error logs. I see exactly the same error if I try to go to the list info page at http://lists.[domain].com/mailman/listinfo/[listname]. I would follow the instructions and look in the error logs, but I can't find them. I would expect to find a file at /var/log/mailman/error, but there's nothing there. My test list seems to work correctly. It sends all the expected email. It's just the web pages for the list that seem to be broken. Has anyone else seen this? Any suggestions for tracking down and fixing the problem? p.s. I think I've chosen the correct Stack Exchange site, but it this question would be better asked elsewhere, please let me know. Update: I got to the bottom of this, so I'm documenting the answer in case anyone else has the same problem. The fact that I couldn't find the error log was the clue. The problem was that the Mailman process didn't have permissions to create an error log. And it seems that if Mailman can't create an error log then it will respond to any web request with this error page. Creating an error log file (in /var/log/mailman/error) and giving it the correct permissions fixed the problem.

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  • Deploying ASP.NET MVC to Windows Server 2003

    - by pete the pagan-gerbil
    Hi, I have a problem with an MVC 2 website on Windows Server 2003 running IIS 6. It is externally hosted, but we have a 2003 server internally for testing. The internal server runs the website fine, the external server gives a 403 ("website declined to show this page") error when navigating to the root of the site, and a 404 if I try to navigate directly to a page resource. I have tried the wildcard ISAPI mapping and extension mapping, and a couple of other common checks (I forget exactly which now, most of them were already set correctly), but so far no joy. All the settings can be replicated on our internal server and the pages return properly. IIS logs just show exactly what the browser shows - 404 errors and 403s. I've read about a different level of trust required for an MVC application compared to a WebForms application - how can I check permissions and trust levels on the external and internal servers (assuming I am able to check that) and if that would cause these errors, what are the minimum levels that MVC require? Failing that, what else might be causing this error for me to try out?

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  • Free, simple, configurable SOCKS5 server

    - by Pooria Azimi
    I've been looking (for the past 6-7 hours) for a fast, free and configurable SOCKS5 server. I haven't found anything that matches my needs. They are either too complicated, too bare-bones or simply buggy as hell. This is (all) I need: I want it to run on Linux (and also OS X, preferably) I want it to listen on localhost:8888 When my app (say wget.. or curl --socks5=localhost:8888) requests http://www.google.com/search?q=asd (or any other url - both http and https), I want it to fetch the page not from google's servers, but from http://localhost:4444/cached?uri=http://www.google.com/search%3Fq%3Dasd. Nothing more! I don't need caching, or anything else. I just want a SOCKS5 server, running locally, which redirects all queries to my own (local) server. It could be written in C, C++, Python, PHP, Perl, Node.js or any other language. I don't care, as long as it supports my (very limited) needs, or I can easily change the source to make it so. Thanks a lot

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  • Google bots are severely affecting site performance

    - by Lynn
    I have an aggregate site on a linux server that pulls in feeds from a universe of about 2,000 blogs. It's in Wordpress 3.4.2 and I have a cron job that is staggered to run five times an hour on another server to pull in the stories and then publish them to the front page of this site. This is so I didn't put too much pressure all on one server. However, the Google bots, which visit a few times every hour bring the server to its knees in the morning and evenings when there is an increase in traffic on the site. The bots have something like 30,000 links to follow at this point. How do I throttle the bots to simply grab the new stories off the front page and stop there? EDIT- Details of my server configuration: The way we have this set up is the server that handles all the publishing is an unmanaged instance via AWS. It mounts the NFS server and connects to the RDS to update content, etc. You get to this publishing instance via a plugin that detects the wp-admin link and then redirects you into there. The front end app server also mounts the NFS and requests data from the RDS. It is the only one that has the WP Super Cache on it.... The OS is Ubuntu on the App server and the NFS runs CentOs. The front end is Nginx and the publishing server is Apache.

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  • How can I preview the contents of books sold on Amazon in Internet Explorer 10?

    - by Aceman
    I run 64-bit Windows 7 and have both Internet Explorer 10 and a newly-downloaded copy of Google Chrome. I downloaded the latter when I found that I could not look (preview) the contents of books sold on Amazon (using it "Look Inside" feature) and wanted to try to get a handle on how extensive the problem was (i.e., whether it occurred on other browsers, too). It turns out that this isn't a problem with Chrome. However, I have grown accustomed over the years to IE and would prefer to resolve this problem instead. Here's an example of my attempt to 'Search Inside' a book on sale at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/Intellectuals-Race-Thomas-Sowell/dp/0465058728/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1382301764&sr=1-1&keywords=thomas+sowell#reader_0465058728 I understand that I can't (as is the case in some technical support websites) add a screen shot (ie. JPG to this), but if I were to describe what this looks like in IE, the area where the text would appear appears as a blank white page with horizontal lines where the text would ordinarily be. I have just examined this posting of mine via Chrome and the contents of the selected page are clearly visible.

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  • Green flickering pixels that move with black images

    - by user568458
    Strange question... Occasionally, on my LCD screen, pixels that should be black flicker rapidly and constantly between black and green, about 4 flickers a second. The crazy part is, unlike dead/stuck pixels, they are relative to content on the screen and move with it. For example, I might be looking at a web page with a picture that has lots of black. There might be a couple of green flashing pixels in that black that shouldn't be there. I scroll the page, and the green flickering pixels move with the image. It seems that everyphysical pixel is fine, but somehow something interprets part of the image in a way that causes flickering green... It's not just in a web browser. My first thought was to blame a trolling blogger cunningly uploading an animated gif that simulates a failing pixel... but it happens in a wide range of applications. It seems to occur randomly, other than that it seems to only occur in areas of pure black, and it's always pure 100% green. It happens rarely enough that it's not a big deal, but it's such a strange problem it bugs me. I can't find any info on anything like this. I'm not even sure if it's hardware or software. Any ideas? (windows 7 laptop connected to LCD by DVI to HDMI cable)

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  • Server 2003 R2 - II6- granting access to website via IP with subnet range

    - by John
    We are trying to allow for a client to connect to our website. By default we are Denying all access except for those with the specified IPs we have configured to run, everything before has just been a single IP address. However now we must implement a range of IPs and rather than input thousands of records we want to use the group of computer options in the Grant Access page. However we have it configured to work off of the IP 72.21.192.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.224.0 They are unable to connect. Looking over our IIS logs they are receiving a 302 error which is the same behavior anyone should get whom is unauthorized to view the page in question. The IP address coming in is 72.21.217.2, so it should be well within the rage of acceptable IP addresses. I'm at a loss as everything I look up tells me to do what we are doing. So any insight would be appreciated. Especially because I'm a software guy not hardware. Thanks!

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  • How can I enable IIS to run Perl scripts?

    - by eidylon
    we're trying to get awstats up and running on our IIS6 server. awstats is running fine and generating output and all that jazz... no problem there. When trying to change the selected month/year in the output page though, it is trying to run awstats.pl through IIS, and coming up with a 404 error. To debug I made a simple hello.pl in my root, and tried to run that, also 404s. I followed the directions on this page http://support.microsoft.com/kb/245225 regarding installing ActiveState Perl and then configuring IIS. I added the extension mapping on my directory and registered the web services extension as directed. The perl scripts all run fine and output if run from the command line, so I know perl is good, but I can't get IIS to find the files. Here is the configuration on my the home directory tab of my site: Here is the configuration of my web service extension: I turned on directory browsing for this site, and when i get the listing of the directory, IIS actually does show the .pl files being in the directory. But if I click on one of them, I get the 404 error. 12/17 15:22 Also tried adding .pl as a mime-type on my site's configuration. This did not help. 12/17 16:57 Also tried Everyone Read/Execute permissions on both the Perl direcory and the directory housing awstats. This did not help.

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  • Understanding Authorized Access to your Google Account

    - by firebush
    I'm having trouble understanding what I'm am granting to sites when they have "Authorized Access to my Google Account." This is how I see what has authorized access: Log into gmail. Click on the link that is my name in the upper-right corner, and from the drop-down select Account. From the list of links to the left, select Security. Click on Edit next to Authorized applications and sites. Authenticate again. At the top of the page, I see a set of sites that have authorized access to my account in various ways. I'm having trouble finding out information about what is being told to me here. There's no "help" link anywhere on the page and my Google searches are coming up unproductive. From the looks of what I see there, Google has access to my Google calendar. I feel comfortable about that, I think. But other sites have authorization to "Sign in using your Google account". My question is, what exactly does that authorization mean? What do the sites that have authorization to "Sign in using my Google account" have the power to do? I hope that this simply means that they authorize using the same criterion that gmail does. I assume that this doesn't grant them the ability to access my email. Can someone please calm my paranoia by describing (or simply pointing me to a site that describes) what these terms mean exactly? Also, if you have any thoughts about the safety of this feature, please share. Thanks!

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  • VirtualBox management interface unreliability

    - by Arlen Cuss
    I'm using VirtualBox 3.2.8_OSE with 20 VMs running, and everything's going fine. I find that if I hammer the VBoxManage interface, all sorts of interesting things happen, usually necessitating either a restart of the VM in question, or of all VMs. For instance, if I use VBoxManage guestcontrol execute to run processes, after a few hours of using it maybe once or twice a minute on any given VM, it'll mysteriously start reporting VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED and refusing to do anything—sometimes trying to restart /usr/sbin/VBoxService on the VM itself will get it back in working order, but often it won't, and in the meantime, no data can be collected using VBoxManage. Such data includes the VM's IP, so if I hadn't recorded it earlier, I'm usually in trouble and have no option but to portscan the network for it, or kill the VM's process on the host manually and restart it. This one I haven't narrowed down yet, but it seems that even using VBoxManage guestproperty get (to retrieve a machine's IP) frequently and rapidly is enough to cause all VMs' management interfaces to die. The processes are still running fine, but VBoxManage reports them all as "powered off". In the meantime, another process somewhere in the system seems to have decided that their being powered off means they need to be powered on again, and suddenly I have 2x the number of VBoxHeadless processes running than I used to. Has anyone else seen behaviour like this? Is there any workaround? This is a serious impediment to my work, as I've had to resort to a lot of (hacky) caching of data and rate-limiting how often I call VBoxManage, just in case I accidentally bring 20 VMs to their knees.

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  • Shell wrong encoding

    - by csch
    Somehow I managed to screw up my shell-encoding. An example: root§server:ç£ cat --help Usage: cat ¡OPTION¿... ¡FILE¿... Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output. -A, --show-all equivalent to -vET -b, --number-nonblank number nonempty output lines -e equivalent to -vE -E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line -n, --number number all output lines -s, --squeeze-blank suppress repeated empty output lines -t equivalent to -vT -T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I -u (ignored) -v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Examples: cat f - g Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents. cat Copy standard input to standard output. Report cat bugs to bug-coreutils§gnu.org GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/> For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'cat invocation' root§server:ç£ It should look like: root@server:~# cat --help Usage: cat [OPTION]... [FILE]... Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output. -A, --show-all equivalent to -vET -b, --number-nonblank number nonempty output lines -e equivalent to -vE -E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line -n, --number number all output lines -s, --squeeze-blank suppress repeated empty output lines -t equivalent to -vT -T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I -u (ignored) -v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Examples: cat f - g Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents. cat Copy standard input to standard output. Report cat bugs to [email protected] GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/> For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'cat invocation' root@server:~# I have no clue what went wrong, do you have any ideas?

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  • To what extent is size a factor in SSD performance?

    - by artif
    To what extent is the size of an SSD a factor in its performance? In my mind, correct me if I'm wrong, a bigger SSD should be, everything else being equal, faster than a smaller one. A bigger SSD would have more erase blocks and thus more leeway for the FTL (flash translation layer) to do garbage collection optimization. Also there would be more time before TRIM became necessary. I see on Wikipedia that it remarks that "The performance of the SSD can scale with the number of parallel NAND flash chips used in the device" so it seems throughput also increases significantly. Also many SSDs contain internal caches of some sort and presumably those caches are larger for correspondingly large SSDs. But supposing this effect exists, I would like a quantitative analysis. Does throughput increase linearly? How much is garbage collection impacted, if at all? Does latency stay the same? And so on. Would the performance of a 8 GB SSD be significantly different from, for example, an 80 GB SSD assuming both used high quality chips, controllers, etc? Are there any resources (webpages, research papers, presentations, books, etc) that discuss correlations between SSD performance (4 KB random write speed, latency, maximum sequential throughput, etc) and size? I realize this does not really sound like a programming question but it is relevant for what I'm working on (using flash for caching hard drive data) which does involve programming. If there is a better place to ask this question, eg a more hardware oriented site, what would that be? Something like the equivalent of stack overflow (or perhaps a forum) for in-depth questions on hardware interfaces, internals, etc would be appreciated.

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  • Getting 404 error on MVC web-site

    - by RB
    I have an IIS7.5 web-site, on Windows Server 2008, with an ASP.NET MVC2 web-site deployed to it. The website was built in Visual Studio 2008, targeting .NET 3.5, and IIS 5.1 has been successfully configured to run it as well, for local testing. We've installed the world's simplest MVC application (the one which is created when you create a new MVC2 project in Visual Studio), and we are getting 404s on any page we try and access - e.g. <my_server>/Home/About will generate a 404. I've asked this question on StackOverflow as well, but that was before I knew it was a server issue. I have checked the following things: There are 404 entries in the IIS log, corresponding to each request. The application pool for the web-site is set to use the Integrated pipeline. The "customErrors" mode is set to off. .NET 3.5 SP1 is installed ASP.NET MVC 2 is installed I've used MVC Diagnostics to confirm all MVC DLLs are being found. ASP.NET is enabled in IIS, which we've demonstrated by running the MVC Diagnostics page. KB 2023146 did highlight that HTTP Redirection was off, so we've turned it on, but no joy. Any ideas will be greatly appreciated! Someone did suggest that there might be problems running it caused by Windows Server 2008 being 64-bit - does anyone know anything about this?

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