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  • Enums, Constructor overloads with similar conversions.

    - by David Thornley
    Why does VisualC++ (2008) get confused 'C2666: 2 overloads have similar conversions' when I specify an enum as the second parameter, but not when I define a bool type? Shouldn't type matching already rule out the second constructor because it is of a 'basic_string' type? #include <string> using namespace std; enum EMyEnum { mbOne, mbTwo }; class test { public: #if 1 // 0 = COMPILE_OK, 1 = COMPILE_FAIL test(basic_string<char> myString, EMyEnum myBool2) { } test(bool myBool, bool myBool2) { } #else test(basic_string<char> myString, bool myBool2) { } test(bool myBool, bool myBool2) { } #endif }; void testme() { test("test", mbOne); } I can work around this by specifying a reference 'ie. basic_string &myString' but not if it is 'const basic_string &myString'. Also calling explicitly via "test((basic_string)"test", mbOne);" also works. I suspect this has something to do with every expression/type being resolved to a bool via an inherent '!=0'. Curious for comments all the same :)

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  • Loading a helper elsewhere than the autoload.php?

    - by drpcken
    I inherited a project and I'm cleaning up a bit and trying to finish it. I noticed that they used (or wrote) a breadcrumb helper. It is in my helpers folder and is named breadcrumb_helper.php It has a single function to build a breadcrumb menu with links and pass it to the view breadcrumbs.php. Here's the code: function show_breadcrumbs() { $ci =& get_instance(); $ci->load->helper('inflector'); $data = ''; //build breadcrumb and store in $data $this->load->view("breadcrumbs", $data) } I was trying to figure out how this helper worked and I checked the autoload.php but there is no reference to the helper in there. In face here is my autoload: $autoload['helper'] = array('url','asset','combine','navigation','form','portfolio','cookie','default'); This show_breadcrumbs() function is used quite a bit in some of my pages so I'm confused as to how its loading if it isn't in the autoloader. It is called like this in a few of my pages: <?=show_breadcrumbs()?> What am I missing? Why isn't this in my autoload? I even did a global search and couldn't find anywhere the helper is being loaded.

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  • iphone - moving from one view to another

    - by codemonkey
    Hi there, I am getting started with iphone development and am trying to move from one view to another. I have a main view (NearestPhotosViewController) which basically acts as a menu for my app. I then have a second view (DisplayNearestPhotos). I come from a web (html) background so what i'm trying to do here in web terms is click a button (link) on the NearestPhotosViewController view to then display the DisplayNearestPhotos view. I have been looking around for some code to do this (I don't think it's as simple as doing the equivelent in html). The following code is hooked up to a button on my menu view. -(IBAction)ButtonPressed:(id)sender { DisplayNearestPhotos *views = [[DisplayNearestPhotos alloc] initWithNibName:nil bundle:nil]; [self presentModalViewController:views animated:YES]; views.release; } The above code works (it displays the second view) but what i'd like to know is, is that the correct way to do it? If not, what is the correct way to move from one view to another? Thank you in advance

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  • Convert SQL with Inner AND Outer Join to L2S

    - by Refracted Paladin
    I need to convert the below Sproc to a Linq query. At the very bottom is what I have so far. For reference the fields behind the "splat"(not my sproc) are ImmunizationID int, HAReviewID int, ImmunizationMaintID int, ImmunizationOther varchar(50), ImmunizationDate smalldatetime, ImmunizationReasonID int The first two are PK and FK, respectively. The other two ints are linke to the Maint Table where there description is stored. That is what I am stuck on, the INNER JOIN AND the LEFT OUTER JOIN Thanks, SELECT tblHAReviewImmunizations.*, tblMaintItem.ItemDescription, tblMaintItem2.ItemDescription as Reason FROM dbo.tblHAReviewImmunizations INNER JOIN dbo.tblMaintItem ON dbo.tblHAReviewImmunizations.ImmunizationMaintID = dbo.tblMaintItem.ItemID LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.tblMaintItem as tblMaintItem2 ON dbo.tblHAReviewImmunizations.ImmunizationReasonID = tblMaintItem2.ItemID WHERE HAReviewID = @haReviewID My attempt so far -- public static DataTable GetImmunizations(int haReviewID) { using (var context = McpDataContext.Create()) { var currentImmunizations = from haReviewImmunization in context.tblHAReviewImmunizations where haReviewImmunization.HAReviewID == haReviewID join maintItem in context.tblMaintItems on haReviewImmunization.ImmunizationReasonID equals maintItem.ItemID into g from maintItem in g.DefaultIfEmpty() let Immunization = GetImmunizationNameByID( haReviewImmunization.ImmunizationMaintID) select new { haReviewImmunization.ImmunizationDate, haReviewImmunization.ImmunizationOther, Immunization, Reason = maintItem == null ? " " : maintItem.ItemDescription }; return currentImmunizations.CopyLinqToDataTable(); } } private static string GetImmunizationNameByID(int? immunizationID) { using (var context = McpDataContext.Create()) { var domainName = from maintItem in context.tblMaintItems where maintItem.ItemID == immunizationID select maintItem.ItemDescription; return domainName.SingleOrDefault(); } }

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  • Custom Alignment and Backgrounds Through Greasemonkey

    - by Jivec
    I'm trying to implement something in greasemonkey and it is giving me a fair bit of trouble as I can't get it to work. I frequently use Wolfram Alpha (http://wolframalpha.com) for a lot of things. They have recently updated the home page with a new style. There are settings that you can edit on this page (http://www.wolframalpha.com/homesettings.html) As you would expect when you clear cookies you loose these settings. What I would like to do is have a greasemonky script that sets the background to what ever I like (which will stay also regardless of the state of your cookies). It would also be cool if this background was displayed the whole way through Wolfram Alpha (ie when you make queries too eg. http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=stack+overflow ) The other thing I'm trying to implement but I'm struggling is to force the results pages to be left aligned so that the browser window can be smaller. If anyone could help me with this it would be appreciated, I have tried to do it my self but I'm unsure how to get it to work.

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  • Binary Search Tree for specific intent

    - by Luís Guilherme
    We all know there are plenty of self-balancing binary search trees (BST), being the most famous the Red-Black and the AVL. It might be useful to take a look at AA-trees and scapegoat trees too. I want to do deletions insertions and searches, like any other BST. However, it will be common to delete all values in a given range, or deleting whole subtrees. So: I want to insert, search, remove values in O(log n) (balanced tree). I would like to delete a subtree, keeping the whole tree balanced, in O(log n) (worst-case or amortized) It might be useful to delete several values in a row, before balancing the tree I will most often insert 2 values at once, however this is not a rule (just a tip in case there is a tree data structure that takes this into account) Is there a variant of AVL or RB that helps me on this? Scapegoat-trees look more like this, but would also need some changes, anyone who has got experience on them can share some thougts? More precisely, which balancing procedure and/or removal procedure would help me keep this actions time-efficient?

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  • PHP: Next Available Value in an Array, starting with a non-indexed value

    - by Erik Smith
    I've been stumped on this PHP issue for about a day now. Basically, we have an array of hours formatted in 24-hour format, and an arbitrary value ($hour) (also a 24-hour). The problem is, we need to take $hour, and get the next available value in the array, starting with the value that immediately proceeds $hour. The array might look something like: $goodHours = array('8,9,10,11,12,19,20,21). Then the hour value might be: $hour = 14; So, we need some way to know that 19 is the next best time. Additionally, we might also need to get the second, third, or fourth (etc) available value. The issue seems to be that because 14 isn't a value in the array, there is not index to reference that would let us increment to the next value. To make things simpler, I've taken $goodHours and repeated the values several times just so I don't have to deal with going back to the start (maybe not the best way to do it, but a quick fix). I have a feeling this is something simple I'm missing, but I would be so appreciative if anyone could shed some light. Erik

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  • PHP cURL error: "Empty reply from server"

    - by ABach
    All, I have a class function to interface with the RESTful API for Last.FM - its purpose is to grab the most recent tracks for my user. Here it is: private static $base_url = 'http://ws.audioscrobbler.com/2.0/'; public static function getTopTracks($options = array()) { $options = array_merge(array( 'user' => 'bachya', 'period' => NULL, 'api_key' => 'xxxxx...', // obfuscated, obviously ), $options); $options['method'] = 'user.getTopTracks'; // Initialize cURL request and set parameters $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt_array($ch, array( CURLOPT_URL => self::$base_url, CURLOPT_POST => TRUE, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $options, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => TRUE, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 30, CURLOPT_USERAGENT => 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)' )); $results = curl_exec($ch); return $results; } This returns "Empty reply from server". I know that some have suggested that this error comes from some fault in network infrastructure; I do not believe this to be true in my case. If I run a cURL request through the command line, I get my data; the Last.FM service is up and accessible. Before I go to those folks and see if anything has changed, I wanted to check with you fine folks and see if there's some issue in my code that would be causing this. Thanks!

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  • C++ Multiple inheritance with interfaces?

    - by umanga
    Greetings all, I come from Java background and I am having difficulty with multiple inheritance. I have an interface called IView which has init() method.I want to derive a new class called PlaneViewer implementing above interface and extend another class. (QWidget). My implementation is as: IViwer.h (only Header file , no CPP file) : #ifndef IVIEWER_H_ #define IVIEWER_H_ class IViewer { public: //IViewer(); ///virtual //~IViewer(); virtual void init()=0; }; #endif /* IVIEWER_H_ */ My derived class. PlaneViewer.h #ifndef PLANEVIEWER_H #define PLANEVIEWER_H #include <QtGui/QWidget> #include "ui_planeviewer.h" #include "IViewer.h" class PlaneViewer : public QWidget , public IViewer { Q_OBJECT public: PlaneViewer(QWidget *parent = 0); ~PlaneViewer(); void init(); //do I have to define here also ? private: Ui::PlaneViewerClass ui; }; #endif // PLANEVIEWER_H PlaneViewer.cpp #include "planeviewer.h" PlaneViewer::PlaneViewer(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) { ui.setupUi(this); } PlaneViewer::~PlaneViewer() { } void PlaneViewer::init(){ } My questions are: Is it necessary to declare method init() in PlaneViewer interface also , because it is already defined in IView? 2.I cannot complie above code ,give error : PlaneViewer]+0x28): undefined reference to `typeinfo for IViewer' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status Do I have to have implementation for IView in CPP file?

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  • JUnit confusion: use 'extend Testcase' or '@Test' ?

    - by Rabarberski
    I've found the proper use (or at least the documentation) of JUnit very confusing. This question serves both as a future reference and as a real question. If I've understood correctly, there are two main approaches to create and run a JUnit test: Approach A: create a class that extends TestCase, and start test methods with the word test. When running the class as a JUnit Test (in Eclipse), all methods starting with the word test are automatically run. import junit.framework.TestCase; public class DummyTestA extends TestCase { public void testSum() { int a = 5; int b = 10; int result = a + b; assertEquals(15, result); } } Approach B: create a 'normal' class and prepend a @Test annotation to the method. Note that you do NOT have to start the method with the word test. import org.junit.*; import static org.junit.Assert.*; public class DummyTestB { @Test public void Sum() { int a = 5; int b = 10; int result = a + b; assertEquals(15, result); } } Mixing the two seems not to be a good idea, see e.g. this stackoverflow question: Now, my questions(s): What is the preferred approach, or when would you use one instead of the other? Approach B allows for testing for exceptions by extending the @Test annotation like in @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class). But how do you test for exceptions when using approach A? When using approach A, you can group a number of test classes in a test suite. TestSuite suite = new TestSuite("All tests");<br/> suite.addTestSuite(DummyTestA.class); suite.addTestSuite(DummyTestAbis.class);` But this can't be used with approach B (since each testclass should subclass TestCase). What is the proper way to group tests for approach B?

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  • Using XPath on String in Android (JAVA)

    - by Rav
    I am looking for some examples of using xpath in Android? Or if anyone can share their experiences. I have been struggeling to make tail or head of this problem :-( I have a string that contains a standard xml file. I believe I need to convert that into an xml document. I have found this code which I think will do the trick: public static Document stringToDom(String xmlSource) throws SAXException, ParserConfigurationException, IOException { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); return builder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(xmlSource))); } Next steps Assuming the code above is OK, I need to apply xpath to get values from cat: "/animal/mammal/feline/cat" I look at the dev doc here: http://developer.android.com/reference/javax/xml/xpath/XPath.html and also look online, but I am not sure where to start! I have tried to use the following code: XPathFactory xPathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance(); // To get an instance of the XPathFactory object itself. XPath xPath = xPathFactory.newXPath(); // Create an instance of XPath from the factory class. String expression = "SomeXPathExpression"; XPathExpression xPathExpression = xPath.compile(expression); // Compile the expression to get a XPathExpression object. Object result = xPathExpression.evaluate(xmlDocument); // Evaluate the expression against the XML Document to get the result. But I get "Cannot be resolved". Eclipse doesn't seem to be able to fix this import. I tried manually entering: javax.xml.xpath.XPath But this did not work. Does anyone know any good source code that I can utilise, for Android platform? 1.5

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  • WPF - How to stop an ItemsControl psuedo-grid's columns from dancing/jumping around during layout

    - by Drew Noakes
    Several other questions on SO have come to the same conclusion I have -- using an ItemsControl with a DataTemplate for each item constructed to position items such that they resemble a grid is much simpler (especially to format) than using a ListView. The code resembles: <StackPanel Grid.IsSharedSizeScope="True"> <!-- Header --> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="Column1" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="Column2" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Column="0" Text="Column Header 1" /> <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Text="Column Header 2" /> </Grid> <!-- Items --> <ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Values, Mode=OneWay}"> <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="Column1" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="Column2" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Column="0" Text="{Binding ColumnProperty1}" /> <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding ColumnProperty2}" /> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> </ItemsControl> </StackPanel> The problem I'm seeing is that whenever I swap the object to which the ItemsSource is bound (it's an ObservableCollection that I replace the reference to, rather than clear and re-add), the entire 'grid' dances about for a few seconds. Presumably it is making a few layout passes to get all the Auto-width columns to match up. This is very distracting for my users and I'd like to get it sorted out. Has anyone else seen this?

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  • Are MEF's ComposableParts contracts instance-based?

    - by Dave
    I didn't really know how to phrase the title of my questions, so my apologies in advance. I read through parts of the MEF documentation to try to find the answer to my question, but couldn't find it. I'm using ImportMany to allow MEF to create multiple instances of a specific plugin. That plugin Imports several parts, and within calls to a specific instance, it wants these Imports to be singletons. However, what I don't want is for all instances of this plugin to use the same singleton. For example, let's say my application ImportManys Blender appliances. Every time I ask for one, I want a different Blender. However, each Blender Imports a ControlPanel. I want each Blender to have its own ControlPanel. To make things a little more interesting, each Blender can load BlendPrograms, which are also contained within their own assemblies, and MEF takes care of this loading. A BlendProgram might need to access the ControlPanel to get the speed, but I want to ensure that it is accessing the correct ControlPanel (i.e. the one that is associated with the Blender that is associated with the program!) This diagram might clear things up a little bit: As the note shows, I believe that the confusion could come from an inherently-poor design. The BlendProgram shouldn't touch the ControlPanel directly, and instead perhaps the BlendProgram should get the speed via the Blender, which will then delegate the request to its ControlPanel. If this is the case, then I assume the BlendProgram needs to have a reference to a specific Blender. In order to do this, is the right way to leverage MEF and use an ImportingConstructor for BlendProgram, i.e. [ImportingConstructor] public class BlendProgram : IBlendProgram { public BlendProgram( Blender blender) {} } And if this is the case, how do I know that MEF will use the intended Blender plugin?

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  • Have I found a security problem in an API or do I just not understand SSL?

    - by jamieb
    I'm working on building a set of Python bindings around an XML-based API provided by a vendor. The vendor requires that all transactions be conducted over SSL. Using a Linux box, I created a key file and a CSR for my application. Using their self-service web portal, I then generate a certificate using that CSR. Both the key file and the certificate are used when making the SSL request to the API. I'm now working on designing exception classes to make error messages more verbose (and, hopefully, more useful to developers using my bindings). Part of my testing has included altering the key file: transpose a couple characters here, replace 4 or 5 with random characters there, etc. To my surprise, altering the key file had no effect! As long as I didn't change the total length of it, the API didn't complain about a bad key file. The only way I was able to throw an error was by swapping in a completely different key from another application. At that point, the API complained about the Common Name not matching. Is this normal behavior or has the vendor not properly implemented SSL?

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  • Why are symbols not frozen strings?

    - by Alex Chaffee
    I understand the theoretical difference between Strings and Symbols. I understand that Symbols are meant to represent a concept or a name or an identifier or a label or a key, and Strings are a bag of characters. I understand that Strings are mutable and transient, where Symbols are immutable and permanent. I even like how Symbols look different from Strings in my text editor. What bothers me is that practically speaking, Symbols are so similar to Strings that the fact that they're not implemented as Strings causes a lot of headaches. They don't even support duck-typing or implicit coercion, unlike the other famous "the same but different" couple, Float and Fixnum. The mere existence of HashWithIndifferentAccess, and its rampant use in Rails and other frameworks, demonstrates that there's a problem here, an itch that needs to be scratched. Can anyone tell me a practical reason why Symbols should not be frozen Strings? Other than "because that's how it's always been done" (historical) or "because symbols are not strings" (begging the question). Consider the following astonishing behavior: :apple == "apple" #=> false, should be true :apple.hash == "apple".hash #=> false, should be true {apples: 10}["apples"] #=> nil, should be 10 {"apples" => 10}[:apples] #=> nil, should be 10 :apple.object_id == "apple".object_id #=> false, but that's actually fine All it would take to make the next generation of Rubyists less confused is this: class Symbol < String def initialize *args super self.freeze end (and a lot of other library-level hacking, but still, not too complicated) See also: http://onestepback.org/index.cgi/Tech/Ruby/SymbolsAreNotImmutableStrings.red http://www.randomhacks.net/articles/2007/01/20/13-ways-of-looking-at-a-ruby-symbol Why does my code break when using a hash symbol, instead of a hash string? Why use symbols as hash keys in Ruby? What are symbols and how do we use them? Ruby Symbols vs Strings in Hashes Can't get the hang of symbols in Ruby

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  • Accessing a Class Member from a First-Class Function

    - by dbyrne
    I have a case class which takes a list of functions: case class A(q:Double, r:Double, s:Double, l:List[(Double)=>Double]) I have over 20 functions defined. Some of these functions have their own parameters, and some of them also use the q, r, and s values from the case class. Two examples are: def f1(w:Double) = (d:Double) => math.sin(d) * w def f2(w:Double, q:Double) = (d:Double) => d * q * w The problem is that I then need to reference q, r, and s twice when instantiating the case class: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0, 0.5))) //0.5 is referenced twice I would like to be able to instantiate the class like this: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0))) //f2 already knows about q! What is the best technique to accomplish this? Can I define my functions in a trait that the case class extends? EDIT: The real world application has 7 members, not 3. Only a small number of the functions need access to the members. Most of the functions don't care about them.

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  • Design issue in Iphone Dev - Generic implementation for Game Bonuses

    - by Idan
    So, I thought consulting you guys about my design, cause I sense there might be a better way of doing it. I need to implement game bonuses mechanism in my app. Currently there are 9 bonuses available, each one is based of different param of the MainGame Object. What I had in mind was at app startup to initialize 9 objects of GameBonus while each one will have different SEL (shouldBonus) which will be responsible for checking if the bonus is valid. So, every end of game I will just run over the bonuses array and call the isBonusValid() function with the MainGame object(which is different after every game). How's that sound ? The only issue I have currently, is that I need to make sure that if some bonuses are accepted some other won't (inner stuff)... any advice how to do that and still maintain generic implementation ? @interface GameBonus : NSObject { int bonusId; NSString* name; NSString* description; UIImage* img; SEL shouldBonus; } @implementation GameBonus -(BOOL) isBonusValid(MainGame*)mainGame { [self shouldBonus:mainGame]; } @end

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  • ViewModel Views relation/link/syncroniztion

    - by mehran
    Third try to describing problem: Try 1: Sunchronizing view model and view Try2: WPF ViewModel not active presenter Try3: I have some class for view models: public class Node : INotifyPropertyChanged { Guid NodeId { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } public class Connection: INotifyPropertyChanged { public Node StartNode { get; set; } public Node EndNode { get; set; } } public class SettingsPackModel { public List<Node> Nodes { get; private set; } public List<Connection> Connections { get; private set; } } I also have some templates to displays these models: <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:Node}">…</DataTemplate> <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:Connection}"> <my:ConnectionElment StartNodeElment="???" EndNodeElment="???"> </my:ConnectionElment> <DataTemplate> But the problem is that DataTemplate for Connection need reference ot two element of type UIElement , how can I pass these two, how can I fill ??? in above expression?

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  • NSTimer to smooth out playback position

    - by Michael
    I have an audio player and I want to show the current time of the the playback. I'm using a custom play class. The app downloads the mp3 to a file then plays from the file when 5% has been downloaded. I have a progress view update as the file plays and update a label on each call to the progress view. However, this is jerky... sometimes even going backward a digit or two. I was considering using an NSTimer to smooth things out. I would be fired every second to a method and pass the percentage played figure to the method then update the label. First, does this seem reasonable? Second, how do I pass the percentage (a float) over to the target of the timer. Right now I am putting the percent played into a dictionary but this seems less than optimal. This is what is called update the progress bar: -(void)updateAudioProgress:(Percentage)percent { audio = percent; if (!seekChanging) slider.value = percent; NSMutableDictionary *myDictionary = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; [myDictionary setValue:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:percent] forKey:@"myPercent"]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5 target:self selector:@selector(myTimerMethod:) userInfo:myDictionary repeats:YES]; [myDictionary release]; } This is called first after 5 seconds but then updates each time the method is called. As always, comments and pointers appreciated.

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  • returning autorelease NSString still causes memory leaks

    - by hookjd
    I have a simple function that returns an NSString after decoding it. I use it a lot throughout my application, and it appears to create a memory leak (according to "leaks" tool) every time I use it. Leaks tells me the problem is on the line where I alloc the NSString that I am going to return, even though I autorelease it. Here is the function: -(NSString *) decodeValue { NSString *newString; newString = [self stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"#" withString:@"$"]; NSData *stateData = [NSData dataWithBase64EncodedString:newString]; NSString *convertState = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:stateData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease]; return convertState; } My understanding of [autorelease] is that it should be used in exactly this way... where I want to hold onto the object just long enough to return it in my function and then let the object be autoreleased later. So I believe I can use this function through code like this without manually releasing anything: NSString *myDecodedString = [myString decodeValue]; But this process is reporting leaks and I don't understand how to change it to avoid the leaks. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Passing IDisposable objects through constructor chains

    - by Matt Enright
    I've got a small hierarchy of objects that in general gets constructed from data in a Stream, but for some particular subclasses, can be synthesized from a simpler argument list. In chaining the constructors from the subclasses, I'm running into an issue with ensuring the disposal of the synthesized stream that the base class constructor needs. Its not escaped me that the use of IDisposable objects this way is possibly just dirty pool (plz advise?) for reasons I've not considered, but, this issue aside, it seems fairly straightforward (and good encapsulation). Codes: abstract class Node { protected Node (Stream raw) { // calculate/generate some base class properties } } class FilesystemNode : Node { public FilesystemNode (FileStream fs) : base (fs) { // all good here; disposing of fs not our responsibility } } class CompositeNode : Node { public CompositeNode (IEnumerable some_stuff) : base (GenerateRaw (some_stuff)) { // rogue stream from GenerateRaw now loose in the wild! } static Stream GenerateRaw (IEnumerable some_stuff) { var content = new MemoryStream (); // molest elements of some_stuff into proper format, write to stream content.Seek (0, SeekOrigin.Begin); return content; } } I realize that not disposing of a MemoryStream is not exactly a world-stopping case of bad CLR citizenship, but it still gives me the heebie-jeebies (not to mention that I may not always be using a MemoryStream for other subtypes). It's not in scope, so I can't explicitly Dispose () it later in the constructor, and adding a using statement in GenerateRaw () is self-defeating since I need the stream returned. Is there a better way to do this? Preemptive strikes: yes, the properties calculated in the Node constructor should be part of the base class, and should not be calculated by (or accessible in) the subclasses I won't require that a stream be passed into CompositeNode (its format should be irrelevant to the caller) The previous iteration had the value calculation in the base class as a separate protected method, which I then just called at the end of each subtype constructor, moved the body of GenerateRaw () into a using statement in the body of the CompositeNode constructor. But the repetition of requiring that call for each constructor and not being able to guarantee that it be run for every subtype ever (a Node is not a Node, semantically, without these properties initialized) gave me heebie-jeebies far worse than the (potential) resource leak here does.

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  • Lazarus Pascal - DB Connection - clarification

    - by itsols
    The following code is from the docs here: Program ConnectDB var AConnection : TSQLConnection; Procedure CreateConnection; begin AConnection := TIBConnection.Create(nil); AConnection.Hostname := 'localhost'; AConnection.DatabaseName := '/opt/firebird/examples/employee.fdb'; AConnection.UserName := 'sysdba'; AConnection.Password := 'masterkey'; end; begin CreateConnection; AConnection.Open; if Aconnection.Connected then writeln('Succesful connect!') else writeln('This is not possible, because if the connection failed, ' + 'an exception should be raised, so this code would not ' + 'be executed'); AConnection.Close; AConnection.Free; end. The main body of the code makes sense to me BUT I don't get where TSQLConnection came from. I cannot use CTRL + Space to autocomplete it either, which means my program has no reference to it. I'm trying to connect to Postgres by the way. Can someone please state what TSQLConnection is? Thanks!

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  • Image resizing - sometimes very poor quality?!

    - by eWolf
    I'm resizing some images to the screen resolution of the user; if the aspect ratio is wrong, the image should be cut. My code looks like this: protected void ConvertToBitmap(string filename) { var origImg = System.Drawing.Image.FromFile(filename); var widthDivisor = (double)origImg.Width / (double)System.Windows.Forms.Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width; var heightDivisor = (double)origImg.Height / (double)System.Windows.Forms.Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height; int newWidth, newHeight; if (widthDivisor < heightDivisor) { newWidth = (int)((double)origImg.Width / widthDivisor); newHeight = (int)((double)origImg.Height / widthDivisor); } else { newWidth = (int)((double)origImg.Width / heightDivisor); newHeight = (int)((double)origImg.Height / heightDivisor); } var newImg = origImg.GetThumbnailImage(newWidth, newHeight, null, IntPtr.Zero); newImg.Save(this.GetBitmapPath(filename), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp); } In most cases, this works fine. But for some images, the result has an extremely poor quality. It looks like the would have been resized to something very small (thumbnail size) and enlarged again.. But the resolution of the image is correct. What can I do? Example orig image: Example resized image: Note: I have a WPF application but I use the WinForms function for resizing because it's easier and because I already need a reference to System.Windows.Forms for a tray icon.

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  • How to manipulate *huge* amounts of data

    - by Alejandro
    Hi there! I'm having the following problem. I need to store huge amounts of information (~32 GB) and be able to manipulate it as fast as possible. I'm wondering what's the best way to do it (combinations of programming language + OS + whatever you think its important). The structure of the information I'm using is a 4D array (NxNxNxN) of double-precission floats (8 bytes). Right now my solution is to slice the 4D array into 2D arrays and store them in separate files in the HDD of my computer. This is really slow and the manipulation of the data is unbearable, so this is no solution at all! I'm thinking on moving into a Supercomputing facility in my country and store all the information in the RAM, but I'm not sure how to implement an application to take advantage of it (I'm not a professional programmer, so any book/reference will help me a lot). An alternative solution I'm thinking on is to buy a dedicated server with lots of RAM, but I don't know for sure if that will solve the problem. So right now my ignorance doesn't let me choose the best way to proceed. What would you do if you were in this situation? I'm open to any idea. Thanks in advance!

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  • Why does Microsoft advise against readonly fields with mutable values?

    - by Weeble
    In the Design Guidelines for Developing Class Libraries, Microsoft say: Do not assign instances of mutable types to read-only fields. The objects created using a mutable type can be modified after they are created. For example, arrays and most collections are mutable types while Int32, Uri, and String are immutable types. For fields that hold a mutable reference type, the read-only modifier prevents the field value from being overwritten but does not protect the mutable type from modification. This simply restates the behaviour of readonly without explaining why it's bad to use readonly. The implication appears to be that many people do not understand what "readonly" does and will wrongly expect readonly fields to be deeply immutable. In effect it advises using "readonly" as code documentation indicating deep immutability - despite the fact that the compiler has no way to enforce this - and disallows its use for its normal function: to ensure that the value of the field doesn't change after the object has been constructed. I feel uneasy with this recommendation to use "readonly" to indicate something other than its normal meaning understood by the compiler. I feel that it encourages people to misunderstand the meaning of "readonly", and furthermore to expect it to mean something that the author of the code might not intend. I feel that it precludes using it in places it could be useful - e.g. to show that some relationship between two mutable objects remains unchanged for the lifetime of one of those objects. The notion of assuming that readers do not understand the meaning of "readonly" also appears to be in contradiction to other advice from Microsoft, such as FxCop's "Do not initialize unnecessarily" rule, which assumes readers of your code to be experts in the language and should know that (for example) bool fields are automatically initialised to false, and stops you from providing the redundancy that shows "yes, this has been consciously set to false; I didn't just forget to initialize it". So, first and foremost, why do Microsoft advise against use of readonly for references to mutable types? I'd also be interested to know: Do you follow this Design Guideline in all your code? What do you expect when you see "readonly" in a piece of code you didn't write?

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