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  • Responsive Web design d'Ethan Marcotte, critique par Ihèb BEN ROMDHANE

    Bonjour, Je vous propose la critique du Livre Responsive Web design de Ethan Marcotte. Citation: Encore un très bon ouvrage dans l'excellente collection A book Apart, dans lequel Ethan Marcotte aborde, de manière très claire et argumentée, les différents aspects qui mènent à la création d'une mise en page fluide et responsive. Les exemples présentés s'appuient sur le principe des grilles de m...

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  • Using Flash in Your Website Design

    Many people like a wow factor in their website design and something that gives that is flash. Flash is used to created rich internet applications such as animation, video, audio and the interactivity of images.

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  • The fastest way to resize images from ASP.NET. And it’s (more) supported-ish.

    - by Bertrand Le Roy
    I’ve shown before how to resize images using GDI, which is fairly common but is explicitly unsupported because we know of very real problems that this can cause. Still, many sites still use that method because those problems are fairly rare, and because most people assume it’s the only way to get the job done. Plus, it works in medium trust. More recently, I’ve shown how you can use WPF APIs to do the same thing and get JPEG thumbnails, only 2.5 times faster than GDI (even now that GDI really ultimately uses WIC to read and write images). The boost in performance is great, but it comes at a cost, that you may or may not care about: it won’t work in medium trust. It’s also just as unsupported as the GDI option. What I want to show today is how to use the Windows Imaging Components from ASP.NET APIs directly, without going through WPF. The approach has the great advantage that it’s been tested and proven to scale very well. The WIC team tells me you should be able to call support and get answers if you hit problems. Caveats exist though. First, this is using interop, so until a signed wrapper sits in the GAC, it will require full trust. Second, the APIs have a very strong smell of native code and are definitely not .NET-friendly. And finally, the most serious problem is that older versions of Windows don’t offer MTA support for image decoding. MTA support is only available on Windows 7, Vista and Windows Server 2008. But on 2003 and XP, you’ll only get STA support. that means that the thread safety that we so badly need for server applications is not guaranteed on those operating systems. To make it work, you’d have to spin specialized threads yourself and manage the lifetime of your objects, which is outside the scope of this article. We’ll assume that we’re fine with al this and that we’re running on 7 or 2008 under full trust. Be warned that the code that follows is not simple or very readable. This is definitely not the easiest way to resize an image in .NET. Wrapping native APIs such as WIC in a managed wrapper is never easy, but fortunately we won’t have to: the WIC team already did it for us and released the results under MS-PL. The InteropServices folder, which contains the wrappers we need, is in the WicCop project but I’ve also included it in the sample that you can download from the link at the end of the article. In order to produce a thumbnail, we first have to obtain a decoding frame object that WIC can use. Like with WPF, that object will contain the command to decode a frame from the source image but won’t do the actual decoding until necessary. Getting the frame is done by reading the image bytes through a special WIC stream that you can obtain from a factory object that we’re going to reuse for lots of other tasks: var photo = File.ReadAllBytes(photoPath); var factory = (IWICComponentFactory)new WICImagingFactory(); var inputStream = factory.CreateStream(); inputStream.InitializeFromMemory(photo, (uint)photo.Length); var decoder = factory.CreateDecoderFromStream( inputStream, null, WICDecodeOptions.WICDecodeMetadataCacheOnLoad); var frame = decoder.GetFrame(0); We can read the dimensions of the frame using the following (somewhat ugly) code: uint width, height; frame.GetSize(out width, out height); This enables us to compute the dimensions of the thumbnail, as I’ve shown in previous articles. We now need to prepare the output stream for the thumbnail. WIC requires a special kind of stream, IStream (not implemented by System.IO.Stream) and doesn’t directlyunderstand .NET streams. It does provide a number of implementations but not exactly what we need here. We need to output to memory because we’ll want to persist the same bytes to the response stream and to a local file for caching. The memory-bound version of IStream requires a fixed-length buffer but we won’t know the length of the buffer before we resize. To solve that problem, I’ve built a derived class from MemoryStream that also implements IStream. The implementation is not very complicated, it just delegates the IStream methods to the base class, but it involves some native pointer manipulation. Once we have a stream, we need to build the encoder for the output format, which could be anything that WIC supports. For web thumbnails, our only reasonable options are PNG and JPEG. I explored PNG because it’s a lossless format, and because WIC does support PNG compression. That compression is not very efficient though and JPEG offers good quality with much smaller file sizes. On the web, it matters. I found the best PNG compression option (adaptive) to give files that are about twice as big as 100%-quality JPEG (an absurd setting), 4.5 times bigger than 95%-quality JPEG and 7 times larger than 85%-quality JPEG, which is more than acceptable quality. As a consequence, we’ll use JPEG. The JPEG encoder can be prepared as follows: var encoder = factory.CreateEncoder( Consts.GUID_ContainerFormatJpeg, null); encoder.Initialize(outputStream, WICBitmapEncoderCacheOption.WICBitmapEncoderNoCache); The next operation is to create the output frame: IWICBitmapFrameEncode outputFrame; var arg = new IPropertyBag2[1]; encoder.CreateNewFrame(out outputFrame, arg); Notice that we are passing in a property bag. This is where we’re going to specify our only parameter for encoding, the JPEG quality setting: var propBag = arg[0]; var propertyBagOption = new PROPBAG2[1]; propertyBagOption[0].pstrName = "ImageQuality"; propBag.Write(1, propertyBagOption, new object[] { 0.85F }); outputFrame.Initialize(propBag); We can then set the resolution for the thumbnail to be 96, something we weren’t able to do with WPF and had to hack around: outputFrame.SetResolution(96, 96); Next, we set the size of the output frame and create a scaler from the input frame and the computed dimensions of the target thumbnail: outputFrame.SetSize(thumbWidth, thumbHeight); var scaler = factory.CreateBitmapScaler(); scaler.Initialize(frame, thumbWidth, thumbHeight, WICBitmapInterpolationMode.WICBitmapInterpolationModeFant); The scaler is using the Fant method, which I think is the best looking one even if it seems a little softer than cubic (zoomed here to better show the defects): Cubic Fant Linear Nearest neighbor We can write the source image to the output frame through the scaler: outputFrame.WriteSource(scaler, new WICRect { X = 0, Y = 0, Width = (int)thumbWidth, Height = (int)thumbHeight }); And finally we commit the pipeline that we built and get the byte array for the thumbnail out of our memory stream: outputFrame.Commit(); encoder.Commit(); var outputArray = outputStream.ToArray(); outputStream.Close(); That byte array can then be sent to the output stream and to the cache file. Once we’ve gone through this exercise, it’s only natural to wonder whether it was worth the trouble. I ran this method, as well as GDI and WPF resizing over thirty twelve megapixel images for JPEG qualities between 70% and 100% and measured the file size and time to resize. Here are the results: Size of resized images   Time to resize thirty 12 megapixel images Not much to see on the size graph: sizes from WPF and WIC are equivalent, which is hardly surprising as WPF calls into WIC. There is just an anomaly for 75% for WPF that I noted in my previous article and that disappears when using WIC directly. But overall, using WPF or WIC over GDI represents a slight win in file size. The time to resize is more interesting. WPF and WIC get similar times although WIC seems to always be a little faster. Not surprising considering WPF is using WIC. The margin of error on this results is probably fairly close to the time difference. As we already knew, the time to resize does not depend on the quality level, only the size does. This means that the only decision you have to make here is size versus visual quality. This third approach to server-side image resizing on ASP.NET seems to converge on the fastest possible one. We have marginally better performance than WPF, but with some additional peace of mind that this approach is sanctioned for server-side usage by the Windows Imaging team. It still doesn’t work in medium trust. That is a problem and shows the way for future server-friendly managed wrappers around WIC. The sample code for this article can be downloaded from: http://weblogs.asp.net/blogs/bleroy/Samples/WicResize.zip The benchmark code can be found here (you’ll need to add your own images to the Images directory and then add those to the project, with content and copy if newer in the properties of the files in the solution explorer): http://weblogs.asp.net/blogs/bleroy/Samples/WicWpfGdiImageResizeBenchmark.zip WIC tools can be downloaded from: http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/wictools To conclude, here are some of the resized thumbnails at 85% fant:

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  • BAM design pointers

    - by Kavitha Srinivasan
    In working recently with a large Oracle customer on SOA and BAM, I discovered that some BAM best practices are not quite well known as I had always assumed ! There is a doc bug out to formally incorporate those learnings but here are a few notes..  EMS-DO parity When using EMS (Enterprise Message Source) as a BAM feed, the best practice is to use one EMS to write to one Data Object. There is a possibility of collisions and duplicates when multiple EMS write to the same row of a DO at the same time. This customer had 17 EMS writing to one DO at the same time. Every sensor in their BPEL process writes to one topic but the Topic was read by 1 EMS corresponding to one sensor. They then used XSL within BAM to transform the payload into the BAM DO format. And hence for a given BPEL instance, 17 sensors fired, populated 1 JMS topic, was consumed by 17 EMS which in turn wrote to 1 DataObject.(You can image what would happen for later versions of the application that needs to send more information to BAM !).  We modified their design to use one Master XSL based on sensorname for all sensors relating to a DO- say Data Object 'Orders' and were able to thus reduce the 17 EMS to 1 with a master XSL. For those of you wondering about how squeaky clean this design is, you are right ! This is indeed not squeaky clean and that brings us to yet another 'inferred' best practice. (I try very hard not to state the obvious in my blogs with the hope that everytime I blog, it is very useful but this one is an exception.) Transformations and Calculations It is optimal to do transformations within an engine like BPEL. Not only does this provide modelling ease with a nice GUI XSL mapper in JDeveloper, the XSL engine in BPEL is quite efficient at runtime as well. And so, doing XSL transformations in BAM is not quite prudent.  The same is true for any non-trivial calculations as well. It is best to do all transformations,calcuations and sanitize the data in a BPEL or like layer and then send this to BAM (via JMS, WS etc.) This then delegates simply the function of report rendering and mechanics of real-time reporting to the Oracle BAM reporting tool which it is most suited to do. All nulls are not created equal Here is yet another possibly known fact but reiterated here. For an EMS with an Upsert operation: a) If Empty tags or tags with no value are sent like <Tag1/> or <Tag1></Tag1>, the DO will be overwritten with --null-- b) If Empty tags are suppressed ie not generated at all, the corresponding DO field will NOT be overwritten. The field will have whatever value existed previously.  For an EMS with an Insert operation, both tags with an empty value and no tags result in –null-- being written to the DO. Hope this helps .. Happy 4th!

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  • Google Chrome Extensions: UI Design

    Google Chrome Extensions: UI Design Erik Kay, an engineer at Google, provides more information about the UI of Google Chrome's extension system. For more information visit code.google.com/chrome/extensions. From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 10120 57 ratings Time: 03:49 More in Science & Technology

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  • Simple tips to design a Customer Journey Map

    - by Isabel F. Peñuelas
    “A model can abstract to a level that is comprehensible to humans, without getting lost in details.” -The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual. Inception using Post-it, StoryBoards, Lego or Mindmaping Techniques The first step in a Customer Experience project is to describe customer interactions creating a customer journey map. Modeling is never easy, so to succeed on this effort, it is very convenient that your CX´s team have some “abstract thinking” skills. Besides is very helpful to consult a Business Service Design offered by an Interactive Agency to lead your inception process. Initially, you may start by a free discussion using post-it cards; storyboards; even lego or any other brainstorming technique you like. This will help you to get your mind into the path followed by the customer to purchase your product or to consume any business service you actually offer to your customers, or plan to offer in the near future. (from www.servicedesigntools.org) Colorful Mind Maps are very useful to document and share meeting ideas. Some Mind Maps software providers as ThinkBuzzan provide trial versions, and you will find more mindmapping options on this post by Mashable. Finally to produce a quick one, I do recommend Wise, an entirely online mindmaping service. On my view the best results in terms of communication will always come for an artistic hand-made drawing. Customer Experience Mind Map Example Making your first Customer Journey Map To add some more formalization to your thoughts, there is a wide offering for designing Customer Journey Maps. A Customer Map can be represented as an oriented graph in which another follows each step. The one below is the most simple Customer Journey you can draw. Nothing more than a couple of pictures, numbers and lines to design the customer steps sequence in the purchase process. Very simple Customer Journey for Social Mobile Shopping There are a lot of Customer Journey templates much more sophisticated available  in the Web using a variety of styles, as per example this one with a focus on underlining emotional experience, or this other worksheet template. Representing different interaction devices on the vertical axis, and touchpoints / requirements and existing gaps horizontally  is today´s most common format for Customer Journeys. From Customer Journey Maps to CX Technology Adoption Plans Once you have your map ready, you can start to identify the IT infrastructure requirements for your CXProject. By analyzing customer problems and improvement opportunities with maps, you will then identify the technology gaps and the new investment requirements in your IT infrastructure. Deeping step by step from the more abstract to the more concrete is the best guarantee to take the right IT investment decisions.  ¡Remember to keep your initial customer journey safe on your pocket in every one of your CX´s project meetings- that´s you map to success!

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  • Task Flow Design Paper Revised

    - by Duncan Mills
    Thanks to some discussion over at the ADF Methodology Group and contributions from Simon Lessard and Jan Vervecken I have been able to make some refinements to the Task Flow Design Fundamentals paper on OTN.As a bonus, whilst I was making some edits anyway I've included some of Frank Nimphius's memory scope diagrams which are a really useful tool for understanding how request, view, backingBean and pageFlow scopes all fit together.

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  • Database design and performance impact

    - by Craige
    I have a database design issue that I'm not quite sure how to approach, nor if the benefits out weigh the costs. I'm hoping some P.SE members can give some feedback on my suggested design, as well as any similar experiences they may have came across. As it goes, I am building an application that has large reporting demands. Speed is an important issue, as there will be peak usages throughout the year. This application/database has a multiple-level, many-to-many relationship. eg object a object b object c object d object b has relationship to object a object c has relationship to object b, a object d has relationship to object c, b, a Theoretically, this could go on for unlimited levels, though logic dictates it could only go so far. My idea here, to speed up reporting, would be to create a syndicate table that acts as a global many-to-many join table. In this table (with the given example), one might see: +----------+-----------+---------+ | child_id | parent_id | type_id | +----------+-----------+---------+ | b | a | 1 | | c | b | 2 | | c | a | 3 | | d | c | 4 | | d | b | 5 | | d | a | 6 | +----------+-----------+---------+ Where a, b, c and d would translate to their respective ID's in their respective tables. So, for ease of reporting all of a which exist on object d, one could query SELECT * FROM `syndicates` ... JOINS TO child and parent tables ... WHERE parent_id=a and type_id=6; rather than having a query with a join to each level up the chain. The Problem This table grows exponentially, and in a given year, could easily grow past 20,000 records for one client. Given multiple clients over multiple years, this table will VERY quickly explode to millions of records and beyond. Now, the database will, in time, be partitioned across multiple servers, but I would like (as most would) to keep the number of servers as low as possible while still offering flexibility. Also writes and updates would be exponentially longer (though possibly not noticeable to the end user) as there would be multiple inserts/updates/scans on this table to keep it in sync. Am I going in the right direction here, or am I way off track. What would you do in a similar situation? This solution seems overly complex, but allows the greatest flexibility and fastest read-operations. Sidenote 1 - This structure allows me to add new levels to the tree easily. Sidenote 2 - The database querying for this database is done through an ORM framework.

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  • How are Programing Language Designed?

    - by Anteater7171
    After doing a bit of programing, I've become quite curious on language design itself. I'm still a novice (I've been doing it for about a year), so the majority of my code pertains to only two fields (GUI design in Python and basic algorithms in C/C++). I have become intrigued with how the actual languages themselves are written. I mean this in both senses. Such as how it was literally written (ie, what language the language was written in). As well as various features like white spacing (Python) or object orientation (C++ and Python). Where would one start learning how to write a language? What are some of the fundamentals of language design, things that would make it a "complete" language?

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  • Can You Have "Empty" Abstract/Classes?

    - by ShrimpCrackers
    Of course you can, I'm just wondering if it's rational to design in such a way. I'm making a breakout clone and was doing some class design. I wanted to use inheritance, even though I don't have to, to apply what I've learned in C++. I was thinking about class design and came up with something like this: GameObject - base class (consists of data members like x and y offsets, and a vector of SDL_Surface* MovableObject : GameObject - abstract class + derived class of GameObject (one method void move() = 0; ) NonMovableObject : GameObject - empty class...no methods or data members other than constructor and destructor(at least for now?). Later I was planning to derive a class from NonMovableObject, like Tileset : NonMovableObject. I was just wondering if "empty" abstract classes or just empty classes are often used...I notice that the way I'm doing this, I'm just creating the class NonMovableObject just for sake of categorization. I know I'm overthinking things just to make a breakout clone, but my focus is less on the game and more on using inheritance and designing some sort of game framework.

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  • How to Get a Quality Brochure Design

    Today?s small businesses are trying to send their message to the customers in new ways than ever. There is no argument about the effectiveness of the new media but there is also no argument against t... [Author: Emily Matthew - Web Design and Development - March 31, 2010]

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  • Design patterns to avoiding breaking the SRP while performing heavy data logging

    - by Kazark
    A class that performs both computations and data logging seems to have at least two responsibilities. Given a system for which the specifications require heavy data logging, what kind of design patterns or architectural patterns can be used to avoid bloating all the classes with logging calls every time they compute something? The decorator pattern be used (e.g. Interpolator decorated to LoggingInterpolator), but it seems that would result in a situation hardly more desirable in which almost every major class would need to be decorated with logging.

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  • Constraint-based expert systems design and development [on hold]

    - by Alex B.
    I would appreciate some recommendations & resources on design and development of expert systems, in particular, knowledge-based & constraint-based (not recommendation) systems. Ideally, your answers should consider the perspective (context) of using a SaaS business model and open source rules engine. How would you advise to address performance, scalability and other architectural criteria? Any other considerations on undertaking such project will be appreciated. Thanks much in advance!

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  • Google Chrome Extensions: UI Design

    Google Chrome Extensions: UI Design Erik Kay, an engineer at Google, provides more information about the UI of Google Chrome's extension system. For more information visit code.google.com/chrome/extensions. From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 10120 57 ratings Time: 03:49 More in Science & Technology

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  • When should a bullet texture be loaded in XNA?

    - by Bill
    I'm making a SpaceWar!-esque game using XNA. I want to limit my ships to 5 active bullets at any time. I have a Bullet DrawableGameComponent and a Ship DrawableGameComponent. My Ship has an array of 5 Bullet. What is the best way to manage the Bullet textures? Specifically, when should I be calling LoadTexture? Right now, my solution is to populate the Bullet array in the Ship's constructor, with LoadTexture being called in the Bullet constructor. The Bullet objects will be disabled/not visible except when they are active. Does the texture really need to be loaded once for each individual instance of the bullet object? This seems like a very processor-intensive operation. Note: This is a small-scale project, so I'm OK with not implementing a huge texture-management framework since there won't be more than half a dozen or so in the entire game. I'd still like to hear about scalable solutions for future applications, though.

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  • Load order in XNA?

    - by marc wellman
    I am wondering whether the is a mechanism to manually control the call-order of void Game.LoadContent() as it is the case with void Game.Draw(GameTime gt) by setting int DrawableGameComponent.DrawOrder ? except the order that results from adding components to the Game.Components container and maybe there exists something similar with Game.Update(GameTime gt) ? UPDATE To exemplify my issue consider you have several game components which do depends to each other regarding their instantiation. All are inherited from DrawableGameComponent. Now suppose that in one of these components you are loading a Model from the games content pipeline and add it to some static container in order to provide access to it for other game components. public override LoadContent() { // ... Model m = _contentManager.Load<Model>(@"content/myModel"); // GameComponents is a static class with an accessible list where game components reside. GameComponents.AddCompnent(m); // ... } Now it's easy to imagine that this components load method has to precede other game components that do want to access the model m in their own load method.

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  • What are the cons of using DrawableGameComponent for every instance of a game object?

    - by Kensai
    I've read in many places that DrawableGameComponents should be saved for things like "levels" or some kind of managers instead of using them, for example, for characters or tiles (Like this guy says here). But I don't understand why this is so. I read this post and it made a lot of sense to me, but these are the minority. I usually wouldn't pay too much attention to things like these, but in this case I would like to know why the apparent majority believes this is not the way to go. Maybe I'm missing something.

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  • OOP - Composition, Components and Composites Example?

    - by coder3
    I've been reading a bit about OOP in relation to Composition, Components and Composites. I believe I understand the fundamental principle (not sure). Can some one please provide a code example of a person or car (both have many properties) using Composition, Components and Composites. I think seeing it in code would clear up the confusion I have regarding this pattern. Preferably in Java or PHP - many thanks!

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  • 5 Steps for Creating a Successful Banner Design

    Banners are supposed to be one of the most effective ways of marketing your products and services. They account for a better visibility and scope for placing your products in the eyes of your custome... [Author: Jessica Woodson - Web Design and Development - March 29, 2010]

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