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PowerShell – Recycle All IIS App Pools

- by Lance Robinson

With a little help from Shay Levy’s post on Stack Overflow and the MSDN documentation, I added this handy function to my profile to automatically recycle all IIS app pools. function Recycle-AppPools { param( [string] $server = "3bhs001", [int] $mode = 1, # ManagedPipelineModes: 0 = integrated, 1 = classic ) $iis = [adsi]"IIS://$server/W3SVC/AppPools" $iis.psbase.children | %{ $pool = [adsi]($_.psbase.path); if ($pool.AppPoolState -eq 2 -and $pool.ManagedPipelineMode -eq $mode) { # AppPoolStates: 1 = starting, 2 = started, 3 = stopping, 4 = stopped $pool.psbase.invoke("recycle") } }}

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Patterns for Handling Changing Property Sets in C++

- by Bhargav Bhat

I have a bunch "Property Sets" (which are simple structs containing POD members). I'd like to modify these property sets (eg: add a new member) at run time so that the definition of the property sets can be externalized and the code itself can be re-used with multiple versions/types of property sets with minimal/no changes. For example, a property set could look like this: struct PropSetA { bool activeFlag; int processingCount; /* snip few other such fields*/ }; But instead of setting its definition in stone at compile time, I'd like to create it dynamically at run time. Something like: class PropSet propSetA; propSetA("activeFlag",true); //overloading the function call operator propSetA("processingCount",0); And the code dependent on the property sets (possibly in some other library) will use the data like so: bool actvFlag = propSet["activeFlag"]; if(actvFlag == true) { //Do Stuff } The current implementation behind all of this is as follows: class PropValue { public: // Variant like class for holding multiple data-types // overloaded Conversion operator. Eg: operator bool() { return (baseType == BOOLEAN) ? this->ToBoolean() : false; } // And a method to create PropValues various base datatypes static FromBool(bool baseValue); }; class PropSet { public: // overloaded[] operator for adding properties void operator()(std::string propName, bool propVal) { propMap.insert(std::make_pair(propName, PropVal::FromBool(propVal))); } protected: // the property map std::map<std::string, PropValue> propMap; }; This problem at hand is similar to this question on SO and the current approach (described above) is based on this answer. But as noted over at SO this is more of a hack than a proper solution. The fundamental issues that I have with this approach are as follows: Extending this for supporting new types will require significant code change. At the bare minimum overloaded operators need to be extended to support the new type. Supporting complex properties (eg: struct containing struct) is tricky. Supporting a reference mechanism (needed for an optimization of not duplicating identical property sets) is tricky. This also applies to supporting pointers and multi-dimensional arrays in general. Are there any known patterns for dealing with this scenario? Essentially, I'm looking for the equivalent of the visitor pattern, but for extending class properties rather than methods. Edit: Modified problem statement for clarity and added some more code from current implementation.

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Help with "Cannot find ContentTypeReader BB.HeightMapInfoReader, BB, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral." needed

- by rFactor

Hi, I have this irritating problem in XNA that I have spent my Saturday with: Cannot find ContentTypeReader BB.HeightMapInfoReader, BB, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral. It throws me that when I do (within the game assembly's Renderer.cs class): this.terrain = this.game.Content.Load<Model>("heightmap"); There is a heightmap.bmp and I don't think there's anything wrong with it, because I used it in a previous version which I switched to this new better system. So, I have a GeneratedGeometryPipeline assembly that has these classes: HeightMapInfoContent, HeightMapInfoWriter, TerrainProcessor. The GeneratedGeometryPipeline assembly does not reference any other assemblies under the solution. Then I have the game assembly that neither references any other solution assemblies and has these classes: HeightMapInfo, HeightMapInfoReader. All game assembly classes are under namespace BB and the GeneratedGeometryPipeline classes are under the namespace GeneratedGeometryPipeline. I do not understand why it does not find it. Here's some code from the GeneratedGeometryPipeline.HeightMapInfoWriter: /// <summary> /// A TypeWriter for HeightMapInfo, which tells the content pipeline how to save the /// data in HeightMapInfo. This class should match HeightMapInfoReader: whatever the /// writer writes, the reader should read. /// </summary> [ContentTypeWriter] public class HeightMapInfoWriter : ContentTypeWriter<HeightMapInfoContent> { protected override void Write(ContentWriter output, HeightMapInfoContent value) { output.Write(value.TerrainScale); output.Write(value.Height.GetLength(0)); output.Write(value.Height.GetLength(1)); foreach (float height in value.Height) { output.Write(height); } foreach (Vector3 normal in value.Normals) { output.Write(normal); } } /// <summary> /// Tells the content pipeline what CLR type the /// data will be loaded into at runtime. /// </summary> public override string GetRuntimeType(TargetPlatform targetPlatform) { return "BB.HeightMapInfo, BB, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral"; } /// <summary> /// Tells the content pipeline what worker type /// will be used to load the data. /// </summary> public override string GetRuntimeReader(TargetPlatform targetPlatform) { return "BB.HeightMapInfoReader, BB, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral"; } } Can someone help me out?

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A Generic Boolean Value Converter

- by codingbloke

On fairly regular intervals a question on Stackoverflow like this one: Silverlight Bind to inverse of boolean property value appears. The same answers also regularly appear. They all involve an implementation of IValueConverter and basically include the same boilerplate code. The required output type sometimes varies, other examples that have passed by are Boolean to Brush and Boolean to String conversions. Yet the code remains pretty much the same. There is therefore a good case to create a generic Boolean to value converter to contain this common code and then just specialise it for use in Xaml. Here is the basic converter:- BoolToValueConverter using System; using System.Windows.Data; namespace SilverlightApplication1 { public class BoolToValueConverter<T> : IValueConverter { public T FalseValue { get; set; } public T TrueValue { get; set; } public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { if (value == null) return FalseValue; else return (bool)value ? TrueValue : FalseValue; } public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { return value.Equals(TrueValue); } } } With this generic converter in place it easy to create a set of converters for various types. For example here are all the converters mentioned so far:- Value Converters using System; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Media; namespace SilverlightApplication1 { public class BoolToStringConverter : BoolToValueConverter<String> { } public class BoolToBrushConverter : BoolToValueConverter<Brush> { } public class BoolToVisibilityConverter : BoolToValueConverter<Visibility> { } public class BoolToObjectConverter : BoolToValueConverter<Object> { } } With the specialised converters created they can be specified in a Resources property on a user control like this:- <local:BoolToBrushConverter x:Key="Highlighter" FalseValue="Transparent" TrueValue="Yellow" /> <local:BoolToStringConverter x:Key="CYesNo" FalseValue="No" TrueValue="Yes" /> <local:BoolToVisibilityConverter x:Key="InverseVisibility" TrueValue="Collapsed" FalseValue="Visible" />

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Finding Stuff in SQL Server Database DDL

You'd have thought that nothing would be easier than using SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) for searching through the DDL for both the names and definitions of the structural metadata of your databases, for the occurrence of a particular string of letters. Not so easy, it turns out, though Phil Factor is able to come up with various methods for various purposes.

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Programmatically navigate to a new page

- by [email protected]

Did you know you can programmatically navigate to a new page via code? Inside your bean method, you can simply use the NavigationDispatchHelper class to do the work for you. The invokePageNavigation method of NavigationDispatchHelper takes a String parameter that holds the value of the navigation rule to follow. import oracle.adfnmc.util.NavigationDispatchHelper; public void MyBeanMethod() { /'/ Do stuff NavigationDispatchHelper.invokePageNavigation("patients"); }

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Credentials Not Passed From SharePoint WebPart to WCF Service

- by Jacob L. Adams

I have spent several hours trying to resolve this problem, so I wanted to share my findings in case someone else might have the same problem. I had a web part which was calling out to a WCF service on another server to get some data. The code I had was essentially using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Channels; ... var binding = new CustomBinding( new HttpTransportBindingElement { AuthenticationScheme = System.Net.AuthenticationSchemes.Negotiate } ); var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri("http://someotherserver/someotherservice.svc")); var someOtherService = new SomeOtherServiceClient(binding, endpoint); string result = someOtherService.SomeServiceMethod(); This code would run fine on my local instance of SharePoint 2010 (Windows 7 64-bit). However, when I would deploy it to the testing environment, I would get a yellow screen of death with the following message: The HTTP request is unauthorized with client authentication scheme 'Negotiate'. The authentication header received from the server was 'Negotiate,NTLM'. I then went through the usual checklist of Windows Authentication problems: Check WCF bindings to make sure authentication is set correctly Check IIS to make sure Windows Authentication is enabled and anonymous authentication was disabled. Check to make sure the SharePoint server trusted the server hosting the WCF service Verify that the account that the IIS application pool is running under has access to the other server I then spend lot of time digging into really obscure IIS, machine.config, and trust settings (as well of lots of time on Google and StackOverflow). Eventually I stumbled upon a blog post by Todd Bleeker describing how to run code under the application pool identity. Wait, what? The code is not already running under application pool identity? Another quick Google search led me to an MSDN page that imply that SharePoint indeed does not run under the app pool credentials by default. Instead SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivileges is needed to run code under the app pool identity. Therefore, changing my code to the following worked seamlessly using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Channels; using Microsoft.SharePoint; ... var binding = new CustomBinding( new HttpTransportBindingElement { AuthenticationScheme = System.Net.AuthenticationSchemes.Negotiate } ); var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri("http://someotherserver/someotherservice.svc")); var someOtherService = new SomeOtherServiceClient(binding, endpoint); string result; SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivileges(()=> { result = someOtherService.SomeServiceMethod(); });

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ANTS Profiler Saves Me From A Sordid Fate

A bit of string concatenation never hurt anybody, right? Think again. Carl Niedner has been designing software since 1983, and was shocked to find his latest and greatest creation suddenly plagued with long loading times. After trying ANTS Profiler, he discovered one tiny line of forgotten concept code was causing his pain.

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Use CSS Selectors with HtmlUnit

- by kerry

HtmlUnit is a great library for performing web integration tests in Java. But sometimes node traversal can be somewhat cumbersome. Fear not fellow automated tester (good for you!). I found a great little project on Github that will allow you to query your document for elements via css selectors similar to jQuery. The project is located at https://github.com/chrsan/css-selectors. You can use Maven to build it, or download 1.0.2 here. Beware. I will not be updating this link so I suggest you download the latest code. In any case, you can use it like so: // from HtmlUnit getting started final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); final HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net"); final DOMNodeSelector cssSelector = new DOMNodeSelector(page.getDocumentElement()); final Set elements = cssSelector.querySelectorAll("div.section h2"); final Node first = elements.iterator().next(); assertThat(first.getTextContent(), equalTo("HtmlUnit")); The only problem here is that the querySelectAll returns a Set<Node>. Not HtmlElement like we may want in some cases. However, if you were to reflect on the Set, you would find that it is indeed a Set of HtmlElement objects. Typically, I like to create a base class for my web tests. Just for fun, I am using the $ method similar to jQuery. public class WebTestBase { protected WebClient webClient; protected HtmlPage htmlPage; protected void goTo(final String url){ return (HtmlPage)webClient.getPage(url); } protected List $(final String cssSelector) { final DOMNodeSelector cssSelector = new DOMNodeSelector(htmlPage.getDocumentElement()); final Set nodes = cssSelector.querySelectorAll("div.section h2"); // for some reason Set cannot be cast to Set? final List elements = new ArrayList(nodes.size()); for (final Node node : nodes) { elements.add((HtmlElement)node); } return elements; } } Now we can write tests like this: public class LoginWebTest extends WebTestBase { @Test public void login_page_has_instructions() throws Exception { goTo(baseUrl + "/login") assertThat( $("p.instructions").size(), equalTo(1) ); } }

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How To: Using spatial data with Entity Framework and Connector/Net

- by GABMARTINEZ

One of the new features introduced in Entity Framework 5.0 is the incorporation of some new types of data within an Entity Data Model: the spatial data types. These types allow us to perform operations on coordinates values in an easier way. There's no need to add stored routines or functions for every operation among these geometry types, now the user can have the alternative to put this logic on his application or keep it in the database. In the new 6.7.4 version there's also this new feature incorporated to Connector/Net library so our users can start exploring it and could provide us some feedback or comments about this new functionality. Through this tutorial on how to create a Code First Entity Model with a geometry column, we'll show an example on using Geometry types and some common operations when using geometry types inside an application. Requirements: - Connector/Net 6.7.4 - Entity Framework 5.0 version - .NET Framework 4.5 version - Basic understanding on Entity Framework and C# language. - An installed and running instance of MySQL Server 5.5.x or 5.6.10 version- Visual Studio 2012. Step One: Create a new Console Application Inside Visual Studio select File->New Project menu option and select the Console Application template. Also make sure the .Net 4.5 version is selected so the new features for EF 5.0 will work with the application. Step Two: Add the Entity Framework Package For adding the Entity Framework Package there is more than one option: the package manager console or the Manage Nuget Packages option dialog. If you want to open the Package Manager Console, go to the Tools Menu -> Library Package Manager -> Package Manager Console. On the Package Manager Console Type:Install-Package EntityFrameworkThis will add the reference to the project of the latest released No alpha version of Entity Framework. Step Three: Adding Entity class and DBContext We'll add a simple class that represents a table entity to save some places and its location using a DBGeometry column that will be mapped to a Geometry type in MySQL. After that some operations can be performed using this data. public class MyPlace { [Key] public int Id { get; set; } public string name { get; set; } public DbGeometry location { get; set; } } public class JourneyDb : DbContext { public DbSet<MyPlace> MyPlaces { get; set; } } Also make sure to add the connection string to the App.Config file as in the example: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <configuration> <configSections>  <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=5.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" /> </configSections> <startup> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" /> </startup> <connectionStrings> <add name="JourneyDb" connectionString="server=localhost;userid=root;pwd=;database=journeydb" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient"/> </connectionStrings> <entityFramework> </entityFramework> </configuration> Note also that the <entityFramework> section is empty.Step Four: Adding some new records.On the Program.cs file add the following code for the Main method so the Database gets created and also some new data can be added to the new table. This code adds some records containing some determinate locations. After being added a distance function will be used to know how much distance has each location in reference to the Queens Village Station in New York. static void Main(string[] args) { using (JourneyDb cxt = new JourneyDb()) { cxt.Database.Delete(); cxt.Database.Create(); cxt.MyPlaces.Add(new MyPlace() { name = "JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT OF NEW YORK", location = DbGeometry.FromText("POINT(40.644047 -73.782291)"), }); cxt.MyPlaces.Add(new MyPlace() { name = "ALLEY POND PARK", location = DbGeometry.FromText("POINT(40.745696 -73.742638)"), }); cxt.MyPlaces.Add(new MyPlace() { name = "CUNNINGHAM PARK", location = DbGeometry.FromText("POINT(40.735031 -73.768387)"), }); cxt.MyPlaces.Add(new MyPlace() { name = "QUEENS VILLAGE STATION", location = DbGeometry.FromText("POINT(40.717957 -73.736501)"), }); cxt.SaveChanges(); var points = (from p in cxt.MyPlaces select new { p.name, p.location }); foreach (var item in points) { Console.WriteLine("Location " + item.name + " has a distance in Km from Queens Village Station " + DbGeometry.FromText("POINT(40.717957 -73.736501)").Distance(item.location) * 100); } Console.ReadKey(); } }}Output : Location JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT OF NEW YORK has a distance from Queens Village Station 8.69448802402959 Km. Location ALLEY POND PARK has a distance from Queens Village Station 2.84097675104912 Km. Location CUNNINGHAM PARK has a distance from Queens Village Station 3.61695793727275 Km. Location QUEENS VILLAGE STATION has a distance from Queens Village Station 0 Km. Conclusion:Adding spatial data to a table is easier than before when having Entity Framework 5.0. This new Entity Framework feature that handles spatial data columns within the Data layer has a lot of integrated functions and methods toease this type of tasks.Notes:This version of Connector/Net is just released as GA so is preatty much stable to be used on a ProductionEnvironment. Please send us your comments or questions using this blog or at the Forums where we keep answering any questions you have about Connector/Net and MySQL Server.A copy of this sample project can be downloaded here. This application does not include any library so you will haveto add them before running it. Happly MySQL/.Net Coding.

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Should main method be only consists of object creations and method calls?

- by crucified soul

A friend of mine told me that, the best practice is class containing main method should be named Main and only contains main method. Also main method should only parse inputs, create other objects and call other methods. The Main class and main method shouldn't do anything else. Basically what he is saying that class containing main method should be like: public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { //parse inputs //create other objects //call methods } } Is it the best practice?

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SQL Server Substr Equivalent

- by Derek D.

The oracle function equivalent to the SQL Server function of Substr is: Substring. All spelled out. This function is actually identical to Oracle’s function.DECLARE @BaseString varchar(max)SET @BaseString = 'My grandmothers pillows are blue'SELECT SUBSTRING ( @BaseString -- The base string to extract from ,4 -- Start Position ,5 -- Length of Characters )The above query returns the value ‘grand’. Related Posts:»SQL Server Contains [...]

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Backup Azure Tables with the Enzo Backup API

- by Herve Roggero

In case you missed it, you can now backup (and restore) Azure Tables and SQL Databases using an API directly. The features available through the API can be found here: http://www.bluesyntax.net/backup20api.aspx and the online help for the API is here: http://www.bluesyntax.net/EnzoCloudBackup20/APIIntro.aspx. Backing up Azure Tables can’t be any easier than with the Enzo Backup API. Here is a sample code that does the trick: // Create the backup helper class. The constructor automatically sets the SourceStorageAccount property StorageBackupHelper backup = new StorageBackupHelper("storageaccountname", "storageaccountkey", "sourceStorageaccountname", "sourceStorageaccountkey", true, "apilicensekey"); // Now set some properties… backup.UseCloudAgent = false; // backup locally backup.DeviceURI = @"c:\TMP\azuretablebackup.bkp"; // to this file backup.Override = true; backup.Location = DeviceLocation.LocalFile; // Set optional performance options backup.PKTableStrategy.Mode = BSC.Backup.API.TableStrategyMode.GUID; // Set GUID strategy by default backup.MaxRESTPerSec = 200; // Attempt to stay below 200 REST calls per second // Start the backup now… string taskId = backup.Backup(); // Use the Environment class to get the final status of the operation EnvironmentHelper env = new EnvironmentHelper("storageaccountname", "storageaccountkey", "apilicensekey"); string status = env.GetOperationStatus(taskId); As you can see above, the code is straightforward. You provide connection settings in the constructor, set a few options indicating where the backup device will be located, set optional performance parameters and start the backup. The performance options are designed to help you backup your Azure Tables quickly, while attempting to keep under a specific threshold to prevent Storage Account throttling. For example, the MaxRESTPerSec property will attempt to keep the overall backup operation under 200 rest calls per second. Another performance option if the Backup Strategy for Azure Tables. By default, all tables are simply scanned. While this works best for smaller Azure Tables, larger tables can use the GUID strategy, which will issue requests against an Azure Table in parallel assuming the PartitionKey stores GUID values. It doesn’t mean that your PartitionKey must have GUIDs however for this strategy to work; but the backup algorithm is tuned for this condition. Other options are available as well, such as filtering which columns, entities or tables are being backed up. Check out more on the Blue Syntax website at http://www.bluesyntax.net.

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Integration Patterns with Azure Service Bus Relay, Part 3: Anonymous partial-trust consumer

- by Elton Stoneman

This is the third in the IPASBR series, see also: Integration Patterns with Azure Service Bus Relay, Part 1: Exposing the on-premise service Integration Patterns with Azure Service Bus Relay, Part 2: Anonymous full-trust .NET consumer As the patterns get further from the simple .NET full-trust consumer, all that changes is the communication protocol and the authentication mechanism. In Part 3 the scenario is that we still have a secure .NET environment consuming our service, so we can store shared keys securely, but the runtime environment is locked down so we can't use Microsoft.ServiceBus to get the nice WCF relay bindings. To support this we will expose a RESTful endpoint through the Azure Service Bus, and require the consumer to send a security token with each HTTP service request. Pattern applicability This is a good fit for scenarios where: the runtime environment is secure enough to keep shared secrets the consumer can execute custom code, including building HTTP requests with custom headers the consumer cannot use the Azure SDK assemblies the service may need to know who is consuming it the service does not need to know who the end-user is Note there isn't actually a .NET requirement here. By exposing the service in a REST endpoint, anything that can talk HTTP can be a consumer. We'll authenticate through ACS which also gives us REST endpoints, so the service is still accessed securely. Our real-world example would be a hosted cloud app, where we we have enough room in the app's customisation to keep the shared secret somewhere safe and to hook in some HTTP calls. We will be flowing an identity through to the on-premise service now, but it will be the service identity given to the consuming app - the end user's identity isn't flown through yet. In this post, we’ll consume the service from Part 1 in ASP.NET using the WebHttpRelayBinding. The code for Part 3 (+ Part 1) is on GitHub here: IPASBR Part 3. Authenticating and authorizing with ACS We'll follow the previous examples and add a new service identity for the namespace in ACS, so we can separate permissions for different consumers (see walkthrough in Part 1). I've named the identity partialTrustConsumer. We’ll be authenticating against ACS with an explicit HTTP call, so we need a password credential rather than a symmetric key – for a nice secure option, generate a symmetric key, copy to the clipboard, then change type to password and paste in the key: We then need to do the same as in Part 2 , add a rule to map the incoming identity claim to an outgoing authorization claim that allows the identity to send messages to Service Bus: Issuer: Access Control Service Input claim type: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/nameidentifier Input claim value: partialTrustConsumer Output claim type: net.windows.servicebus.action Output claim value: Send As with Part 2, this sets up a service identity which can send messages into Service Bus, but cannot register itself as a listener, or manage the namespace. RESTfully exposing the on-premise service through Azure Service Bus Relay The part 3 sample code is ready to go, just put your Azure details into Solution Items\AzureConnectionDetails.xml and “Run Custom Tool” on the .tt files. But to do it yourself is very simple. We already have a WebGet attribute in the service for locally making REST calls, so we are just going to add a new endpoint which uses the WebHttpRelayBinding to relay that service through Azure. It's as easy as adding this endpoint to Web.config for the service: <endpoint address="https://sixeyed-ipasbr.servicebus.windows.net/rest" binding="webHttpRelayBinding" contract="Sixeyed.Ipasbr.Services.IFormatService" behaviorConfiguration="SharedSecret"> </endpoint> - and adding the webHttp attribute in your endpoint behavior: <behavior name="SharedSecret"> <webHttp/> <transportClientEndpointBehavior credentialType="SharedSecret"> <clientCredentials> <sharedSecret issuerName="serviceProvider" issuerSecret="gl0xaVmlebKKJUAnpripKhr8YnLf9Neaf6LR53N8uGs="/> </clientCredentials> </transportClientEndpointBehavior> </behavior> Where's my WSDL? The metadata story for REST is a bit less automated. In our local webHttp endpoint we've enabled WCF's built-in help, so if you navigate to: http://localhost/Sixeyed.Ipasbr.Services/FormatService.svc/rest/help - you'll see the uri format for making a GET request to the service. The format is the same over Azure, so this is where you'll be connecting: https://[your-namespace].servicebus.windows.net/rest/reverse?string=abc123 Build the service with the new endpoint, open that in a browser and you'll get an XML version of an HTTP status code - a 401 with an error message stating that you haven’t provided an authorization header: <?xml version="1.0"?><Error><Code>401</Code><Detail>MissingToken: The request contains no authorization header..TrackingId:4cb53408-646b-4163-87b9-bc2b20cdfb75_5,TimeStamp:10/3/2012 8:34:07 PM</Detail></Error> By default, the setup of your Service Bus endpoint as a relying party in ACS expects a Simple Web Token to be presented with each service request, and in the browser we're not passing one, so we can't access the service. Note that this request doesn't get anywhere near your on-premise service, Service Bus only relays requests once they've got the necessary approval from ACS. Why didn't the consumer need to get ACS authorization in Part 2? It did, but it was all done behind the scenes in the NetTcpRelayBinding. By specifying our Shared Secret credentials in the consumer, the service call is preceded by a check on ACS to see that the identity provided is a) valid, and b) allowed access to our Service Bus endpoint. By making manual HTTP requests, we need to take care of that ACS check ourselves now. We do that with a simple WebClient call to the ACS endpoint of our service; passing the shared secret credentials, we will get back an SWT: var values = new System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection(); values.Add("wrap_name", "partialTrustConsumer"); //service identity name values.Add("wrap_password", "suCei7AzdXY9toVH+S47C4TVyXO/UUFzu0zZiSCp64Y="); //service identity password values.Add("wrap_scope", "http://sixeyed-ipasbr.servicebus.windows.net/"); //this is the realm of the RP in ACS var acsClient = new WebClient(); var responseBytes = acsClient.UploadValues("https://sixeyed-ipasbr-sb.accesscontrol.windows.net/WRAPv0.9/", "POST", values); rawToken = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseBytes); With a little manipulation, we then attach the SWT to subsequent REST calls in the authorization header; the token contains the Send claim returned from ACS, so we will be authorized to send messages into Service Bus. Running the sample Navigate to http://localhost:2028/Sixeyed.Ipasbr.WebHttpClient/Default.cshtml, enter a string and hit Go! - your string will be reversed by your on-premise service, routed through Azure: Using shared secret client credentials in this way means ACS is the identity provider for your service, and the claim which allows Send access to Service Bus is consumed by Service Bus. None of the authentication details make it through to your service, so your service is not aware who the consumer is (MSDN calls this "anonymous authentication").

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How to depict Import a file action in the Sequence diagram

- by user970696

Everyone says sequence diagrams are so easy but I just cannot figure this out. Basically user clicks on an 'Import from temp folder' button, the program opens a window with a list populated with filenames, user clicks on a filename, clicks on OK and the document is imported. I know the order of the actions but how to depict e.g. populating a list, or selecting an item from a list? So I assume the objects would be like: [USER] [ImportDialogWindow] [ListOfFiles:STRING] [?where to go with selected file]

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Attaching a Command to the WP7 Application Bar.

- by mbcrump

One of the biggest problems that I’ve seen with people creating WP7 applications is how do you bind the application bar to a Relay Command. If your using MVVM then this is particular important. Let’s examine the code that one might add to start with. <phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar> <shell:ApplicationBar IsVisible="True" IsMenuEnabled="True"> <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton x:Name="appbar_button1" IconUri="/icons/appbar.questionmark.rest.png" Text="About"> <i:Interaction.Triggers> <i:EventTrigger EventName="Click"> <GalaSoft_MvvmLight_Command:EventToCommand Command="{Binding DisplayAbout, Mode=OneWay}" /> </i:EventTrigger> </i:Interaction.Triggers> </shell:ApplicationBarIconButton> <shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems> <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem x:Name="menuItem1" Text="MenuItem 1"></shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem> <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem x:Name="menuItem2" Text="MenuItem 2"></shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem> </shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems> </shell:ApplicationBar> </phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar> Everything looks right. But we quickly notice that we have a squiggly line under our Interaction.Triggers. The problem is that the object is not a FrameworkObject. This same code would have worked perfect if this were a normal button. OK. Point has been proved. Let’s make the ApplicationBar support Commands. So, go ahead and create a new project using MVVM Light. If you want to check out the source and work along side this tutorial then click here. 7 Easy Steps to have binding on the Application Bar using MVVM Light (I might add that you don’t have to use MVVM Light to get this functionality, I just prefer it.) 1) Download MVVM Light if you don’t already have it and install the project templates. It is available at http://mvvmlight.codeplex.com/. 2) Click File-New Project and navigate to Silverlight for Windows Phone. Make sure you use the MVVM Light (WP7) Template. 3) Now that we have our project setup and ready to go let’s download a wrapper created by Nicolas Humann here, it is called Phone7.Fx. After you download it then extract it somewhere that you can find it. This wrapper will make our application bar/menu item bindable. 4) Right click References inside your WP7 project and add the .dll file to your project. 5) In your MainPage.xaml you will need to add the proper namespace to it. Don’t forget to build your project afterwards. xmlns:Preview="clr-namespace:Phone7.Fx.Preview;assembly=Phone7.Fx.Preview" 6) Now you can add the BindableAppBar to your MainPage.xaml with a few lines of code. <Preview:BindableApplicationBar x:Name="AppBar" BarOpacity="1.0" > <Preview:BindableApplicationBarIconButton Command="{Binding DisplayAbout}" IconUri="/icons/appbar.questionmark.rest.png" Text="About" /> <Preview:BindableApplicationBar.MenuItems> <Preview:BindableApplicationBarMenuItem Text="Settings" Command="{Binding InputBox}" /> </Preview:BindableApplicationBar.MenuItems> </Preview:BindableApplicationBar> So your final MainPage.xaml will look similar to this: NOTE: The AppBar will be located inside of the Grid using this wrapper.  <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions>  <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="24,24,0,12"> <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="{Binding ApplicationTitle}" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}" /> <TextBlock x:Name="PageTitle" Text="{Binding PageName}" Margin="-3,-8,0,0" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextTitle1Style}" /> </StackPanel>  <Grid x:Name="ContentGrid" Grid.Row="1"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Welcome}" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="40" /> </Grid> <Preview:BindableApplicationBar x:Name="AppBar" BarOpacity="1.0" > <Preview:BindableApplicationBarIconButton Command="{Binding DisplayAbout}" IconUri="/icons/appbar.questionmark.rest.png" Text="About" /> <Preview:BindableApplicationBar.MenuItems> <Preview:BindableApplicationBarMenuItem Text="Settings" Command="{Binding InputBox}" /> </Preview:BindableApplicationBar.MenuItems> </Preview:BindableApplicationBar> </Grid> 7) Let’s go ahead and create the RelayCommands and write them up to a MessageBox by editing our MainViewModel.cs file. public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase { public string ApplicationTitle { get { return "MVVM LIGHT"; } } public string PageName { get { return "My page:"; } } public string Welcome { get { return "Welcome to MVVM Light"; } } public RelayCommand DisplayAbout { get; private set; } public RelayCommand InputBox { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the MainViewModel class. /// </summary> public MainViewModel() { if (IsInDesignMode) { // Code runs in Blend --> create design time data. } else { DisplayAbout = new RelayCommand(() => { MessageBox.Show("About box called!"); }); InputBox = new RelayCommand(() => { MessageBox.Show("settings button called"); }); } } If you run the project now you should get something similar to this (notice the AppBar at the bottom): Now if you hit the question mark then you will get the following MessageBox: The MenuItem works as well so for Settings: As you can see, its pretty easy to add a Command to the ApplicationBar/MenuItem. If you want to look through the full source code then click here. Subscribe to my feed

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Unauthorized response from Server with API upload

- by Ethan Shafer

I'm writing a library in C# to help me develop a Windows application. The library uses the Ubuntu One API. I am able to authenticate and can even make requests to get the Quota (access to Account Admin API) and Volumes (so I know I have access to the Files API at least) Here's what I have as my Upload code: public static void UploadFile(string filename, string filepath) { FileStream file = File.OpenRead(filepath); byte[] bytes = new byte[file.Length]; file.Read(bytes, 0, (int)file.Length); RestClient client = UbuntuOneClients.FilesClient(); RestRequest request = UbuntuOneRequests.BaseRequest(Method.PUT); request.Resource = "/content/~/Ubuntu One/" + filename; request.AddHeader("Content-Length", bytes.Length.ToString()); request.AddParameter("body", bytes, ParameterType.RequestBody); client.ExecuteAsync(request, webResponse => UploadComplete(webResponse)); } Every time I send the request I get an "Unauthorized" response from the server. For now the "/content/~/Ubuntu One/" is hardcoded, but I checked and it is the location of my root volume. Is there anything that I'm missing? UbuntuOneClients.FilesClient() starts the url with "https://files.one.ubuntu.com" UbuntuOneRequests.BaseRequest(Method.{}) is the same requests that I use to send my Quota and Volumes requests, basically just provides all of the parameters needed to authenticate. EDIT:: Here's the BaseRequest() method: public static RestRequest BaseRequest(Method method) { RestRequest request = new RestRequest(method); request.OnBeforeDeserialization = resp => { resp.ContentType = "application/json"; }; request.AddParameter("realm", ""); request.AddParameter("oauth_version", "1.0"); request.AddParameter("oauth_nonce", Guid.NewGuid().ToString()); request.AddParameter("oauth_timestamp", DateTime.Now.ToString()); request.AddParameter("oauth_consumer_key", UbuntuOneRefreshInfo.UbuntuOneInfo.ConsumerKey); request.AddParameter("oauth_token", UbuntuOneRefreshInfo.UbuntuOneInfo.Token); request.AddParameter("oauth_signature_method", "PLAINTEXT"); request.AddParameter("oauth_signature", UbuntuOneRefreshInfo.UbuntuOneInfo.Signature); //request.AddParameter("method", method.ToString()); return request; } and the FilesClient() method: public static RestClient FilesClient() { return (new RestClient("https://files.one.ubuntu.com")); }

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Alternative of SortedDictionary in Silverlight

- by Rajneesh Verma

Hi, As we know SortedDictionary is not not present in Silverlightso to find alternative of this i am using Dictionary as System.Collections.Generic . Dictionary (Of TKey, TValue ) . KeyCollection and for sorting i am using LINQ query. see the full code below. Dim sortedLists As New Dictionary(Of String, Object) Dim query = From sortedList In sortedLists Order By sortedList.Key Ascending Select sortedList.Key, sortedList.Value For Each que In query 'get the key value using que.Key 'get the value using...(read more)

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Equation solver project

- by Victor Barbu

I would like to start a project destinated to students. My application has to solve any kind of equation, passed by the user as a string, exactly like in Matlab solve function. How shluld I do this? What programming language is the best for this purpose? Thanks in advance. P.S This is a screenshot made in Matlab. This is how I would like the user to insert and receive the answer: Another example:

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Default values - are they good or evil?

- by Andrew

The question about default values in general - default return function values, default parameter values, default logic for when something is missing, default logic for handling exceptions, default logic for handling the edge conditions etc. For a long time I considered default values to be a "pure evil" thing, something that "cloaks the catastrophe" and results in a very hard do find bugs. But recently I started to think about default values as some sort of a technical debt ... which is not a straight bad thing but something that could provide some "short term financing" get us to survive the project (how many of us could afford to buy a house without taking out the mortgage?). When I say a "short term" - I don't mean - "do something quickly first and do refactor it out later before it hits the production". No - I am talking about relying on a hardcoded default values in a production software. Granted - it could cause some issues, but what if it only going to cause a single trouble in a whole year. Again - I am talking about the "average" mainstream software here (not a software for a nuclear power station) - the average web site or a UI application for the accounting software, meaning that people lives are not at stake, nor millions of dollars. Again, from my experience, business users would rather live with the software which "works somehow", rather then wait for a perfect one. And the use of default values helps a lot if you develop a software in a RAD style. But again - the longest debug sessions I have spent were because of the bugs introduced by a default value which either stopped being "a default" along the way or because a small subsystem has recently been upgraded and as a result of this upgrade it does not handle the default correctly (e.g. empty list vs null, or null string vs empty string). So my question is - are the default values good or evil. And if they are a technical debt - how do measure up how much you can borrow so you can afford the repayments? Would really appreciate any input. Cheers. EDIT: If I am using the default values as a way to cut the corners during the development - and if the corners cutting results in a bugs and issues - what is the methodology to recover from these issues?

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passing a font as an argument to a script

- by josinalvo

I am trying to use osdSH for notifications. It has a 'font' parameter that receives a curiously formed string. From the man: -f -font Set font (Default: -*-lucidatypewriter- bold-*-*-*-*-240-*-*-*-*-*-*) The manual does not comment on the arguments passed (I assume each * represents a possible argument). It would seem that this notation is (or has someday been) standard, but I've not been able to find anything about it. what is the standard ? what argument specifies letter size ?

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Who could ask for more with LESS CSS? (Part 3 of 3–Clrizr)

- by ToString(theory);

Welcome back! In the first two posts in this series, I covered some of the awesome features in CSS precompilers such as SASS and LESS, as well as how to get an initial project setup up and running in ASP.Net MVC 4. In this post, I will cover an actual advanced example of using LESS in a project, and show some of the great productivity features we gain from its usage. Introduction In the first post, I mentioned two subjects that I will be using in this example – constants, and color functions. I’ve always enjoyed using online color scheme utilities such as Adobe Kuler or Color Scheme Designer to come up with a scheme based off of one primary color. Using these tools, and requesting a complementary scheme you can get a couple of shades of your primary color, and a couple of shades of a complementary/accent color to display. Because there is no way in regular css to do color operations or store variables, there was no way to accomplish something like defining a primary color, and have a site theme cascade off of that. However with tools such as LESS, that impossibility becomes a reality! So, if you haven’t guessed it by now, this post is on the creation of a plugin/module/less file to drop into your project, plugin one color, and have your primary theme cascade from it. I only went through the trouble of creating a module for getting Complementary colors. However, it wouldn’t be too much trouble to go through other options such as Triad or Monochromatic to get a module that you could use off of that. Step 1 – Analysis I decided to mimic Adobe Kuler’s Complementary theme algorithm as I liked its simplicity and aesthetics. Color Scheme Designer is great, but I do believe it can give you too many color options, which can lead to chaos and overload. The first thing I had to check was if the complementary values for the color schemes were actually hues rotated by 180 degrees at all times – they aren’t. Apparently Adobe applies some variance to the complementary colors to get colors that are actually more aesthetically appealing to users. So, I opened up Excel and began to plot complementary hues based on rotation in increments of 10: Long story short, I completed the same calculations for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness. For Hue, I only had to record the Complementary hue values, however for saturation and lightness, I had to record the values for ALL of the shades. Since the functions were too complicated to put into LESS since they aren’t constant/linear, but rather interval functions, I instead opted to extrapolate the HSL values using the trendline function for each major interval, onto intervals of spacing 1. For example, using the hue extraction, I got the following values: Interval Function 0-60 60-140 140-270 270-360 Saturation and Lightness were much worse, but in the end, I finally had functions for all of the intervals, and then went the route of just grabbing each shades value in intervals of 1. Step 2 – Mapping I declared variable names for each of these sections as something that shouldn’t ever conflict with a variable someone would define in their own file. After I had each of the values, I extracted the values and put them into files of their own for hue variables, saturation variables, and lightness variables… Example: /*HUE CONVERSIONS*/@clrizr-hue-source-0deg: 133.43;@clrizr-hue-source-1deg: 135.601;@clrizr-hue-source-2deg: 137.772;@clrizr-hue-source-3deg: 139.943;@clrizr-hue-source-4deg: 142.114;.../*SATURATION CONVERSIONS*/@clrizr-saturation-s2SV0px: 0;@clrizr-saturation-s2SV1px: 0;@clrizr-saturation-s2SV2px: 0;@clrizr-saturation-s2SV3px: 0;@clrizr-saturation-s2SV4px: 0;.../*LIGHTNESS CONVERSIONS*/@clrizr-lightness-s2LV0px: 30;@clrizr-lightness-s2LV1px: 31;@clrizr-lightness-s2LV2px: 32;@clrizr-lightness-s2LV3px: 33;@clrizr-lightness-s2LV4px: 34;... In the end, I have 973 lines of mapping/conversion from source HSL to shade HSL for two extra primary shades, and two complementary shades. The last bit of the work was the file to compose each of the shades from these mappings. Step 3 – Clrizr Mapper The final step was the hardest to overcome as I was still trying to understand LESS to its fullest extent. Imports As mentioned previously, I had separated the HSL mappings into different files, so the first necessary step is to import those for use into the Clrizr plugin: @import url("hue.less");@import url("saturation.less");@import url("lightness.less"); Extract Component Values For Each Shade Next, I extracted the necessary information for each shade HSL before shade composition: @clrizr-input-saturation: 1px+floor(saturation(@clrizr-input))-1;@clrizr-input-lightness: 1px+floor(lightness(@clrizr-input))-1; @clrizr-complementary-hue: formatstring("clrizr-hue-source-{0}", ceil(hue(@clrizr-input))); @clrizr-primary-2-saturation: formatstring("clrizr-saturation-s2SV{0}",@clrizr-input-saturation);@clrizr-primary-1-saturation: formatstring("clrizr-saturation-s1SV{0}",@clrizr-input-saturation);@clrizr-complementary-1-saturation: formatstring("clrizr-saturation-c1SV{0}",@clrizr-input-saturation); @clrizr-primary-2-lightness: formatstring("clrizr-lightness-s2LV{0}",@clrizr-input-lightness);@clrizr-primary-1-lightness: formatstring("clrizr-lightness-s1LV{0}",@clrizr-input-lightness);@clrizr-complementary-1-lightness: formatstring("clrizr-lightness-c1LV{0}",@clrizr-input-lightness); Here, you can see a couple of odd things… On the first line, I am using operations to add units to the saturation and lightness. This is due to some limitations in the operations that would give me saturation or lightness in %, which can’t be in a variable name. So, I use first add 1px to it, which casts the result of the following functions as px instead of %, and then at the end, I remove that pixel. You can also see here the formatstring method which is exactly what it sounds like – something like String.Format(string str, params object[] obj). Get Primary & Complementary Shades Now that I have components for each of the different shades, I can now compose them into each of their pieces. For this, I use the @@ operator which will look for a variable with the name specified in a string, and then call that variable: @clrizr-primary-2: hsl(hue(@clrizr-input), @@clrizr-primary-2-saturation, @@clrizr-primary-2-lightness);@clrizr-primary-1: hsl(hue(@clrizr-input), @@clrizr-primary-1-saturation, @@clrizr-primary-1-lightness);@clrizr-primary: @clrizr-input;@clrizr-complementary-1: hsl(@@clrizr-complementary-hue, @@clrizr-complementary-1-saturation, @@clrizr-complementary-1-lightness);@clrizr-complementary-2: hsl(@@clrizr-complementary-hue, saturation(@clrizr-input), lightness(@clrizr-input)); That’s is it, for the most part. These variables now hold the theme for the one input color – @clrizr-input. However, I have one last addition… Perceptive Luminance Well, after I got the colors, I decided I wanted to also get the best font color that would go on top of it. Black or white depending on light or dark color. Now I couldn’t just go with checking the lightness, as that is half the story. You see, the human eye doesn’t see ALL colors equally well but rather has more cells for interpreting green light compared to blue or red. So, using the ratio, we can calculate the perceptive luminance of each of the shades, and get the font color that best matches it! @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps2: round(1 - ( (0.299 * red(@clrizr-primary-2) ) + ( 0.587 * green(@clrizr-primary-2) ) + (0.114 * blue(@clrizr-primary-2)))/255)*255;@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps1: round(1 - ( (0.299 * red(@clrizr-primary-1) ) + ( 0.587 * green(@clrizr-primary-1) ) + (0.114 * blue(@clrizr-primary-1)))/255)*255;@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps: round(1 - ( (0.299 * red(@clrizr-primary) ) + ( 0.587 * green(@clrizr-primary) ) + (0.114 * blue(@clrizr-primary)))/255)*255;@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc1: round(1 - ( (0.299 * red(@clrizr-complementary-1)) + ( 0.587 * green(@clrizr-complementary-1)) + (0.114 * blue(@clrizr-complementary-1)))/255)*255;@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc2: round(1 - ( (0.299 * red(@clrizr-complementary-2)) + ( 0.587 * green(@clrizr-complementary-2)) + (0.114 * blue(@clrizr-complementary-2)))/255)*255; @clrizr-col-font-on-primary-2: rgb(@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps2, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps2, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps2);@clrizr-col-font-on-primary-1: rgb(@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps1, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps1, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps1);@clrizr-col-font-on-primary: rgb(@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-ps);@clrizr-col-font-on-complementary-1: rgb(@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc1, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc1, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc1);@clrizr-col-font-on-complementary-2: rgb(@clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc2, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc2, @clrizr-perceptive-luminance-pc2); Conclusion That’s it! I have posted a project on clrizr.codePlex.com for this, and included a testing page for you to test out how it works. Feel free to use it in your own project, and if you have any questions, comments or suggestions, please feel free to leave them here as a comment, or on the contact page!

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Perl syntax error [closed]

- by Linny

I am a beginner taking a Perl programming course. We are trying to write a basic program for counting nucleotides in a DNA string. I'm getting syntax errors on the lines that have a single bracket on lines 28 & 70 and don't know why. It also reads that I have compilation errors. I have no idea where to start figuring that out. # The purpose of this program is to count the number of nucleotides in a strand. Each protein is counted separately # print "/n NOTE: Nucleotide counting /n"; # use strict; # enforce variable declarations use warnings; # enable compiler warnings # Display number of A,a,T,t,G,g,C,c, nucleotides in a word or sequence of letters. # my ($base) = ''; # an extracted letter from a string my ($nuceotide_count) = 0 ; # the current position within the word my ($position) = 0 ; # number of vowels in user-supplied word my ($word) = ''; # word to be processed my ($A_count) = 0 ; # of A nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($a_count) = 0 ; # of A nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($C_count) = 0 ; # of C nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($c_count) = 0 ; # of C nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($G_count) = 0 ; # of G nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($g_count) = 0 ; # of G nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($T_count) = 0 ; # of T nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence my ($t_count) = 0 ; # of T nucleotides in the user-supplied sequence word = (STDIN) for ($position = 0);($position if (($base eq 'a') or ($base eq 'A')) { ++$A_count; } # end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'T') or ($base eq 't')) { ++$T_count; } end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'G') or ($base eq 'g')) { ++$G_count; } # end if ++$position; if (($base eq 'C') or ($base eq 'c')) { ++$C_count; } # end if ++$position; } # end for # Display final results. # print " \n The number of A or a neucleotides is: $A_count"; print " \n The number of T or t neucleotides is: $T_count"; print " \n The number of G or g neucleotides is: $G_count"; print " \n The number of C or c neucleotides is: $C_count"; print " \n\n Program completed successfully. \n" ; exit ;

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Play or Lift: which one is more explicit?

- by Andrea

I am going to investigate web development with Scala, and the choice is between learning Lift or Play: probably I will not have enough time to try both, at least at first. Now, many comparisons between the two are available on the internet, but I would like to know how do they compare with respect to being explicit and involving less magic. Let me explain what I mean by example. I have used, to various degrees, CakePHP, symfony2, Django and Grails. I feel a very clear distinction between Django and symfony2, which are very explicit about what you are doing, and Grails and CakePHP, which try to do their best to guess what you are trying to achieve and often feel "magical". Let me give some examples comparing Django and Grails. In Django, views are functions that take a request as input and return a response. You can instantiate explicitly an instance of HttpResponse and populate its body with a string, or you can use shortcut functions to leverage the template system. In any case the return value from your view always has the same type. In contrast, the render method from Grails is highly polymorphic. You can throw a context at it and it will try to render a template which is found by convention using that context. Or you can pass it a pair of a template path and a context and that will work too. Or a string. Or XML. Grails tries hard to make sense of whatever you return from your controller. In the Django ORM, each model class has a static attribute representing the manager for that class. That manager exposes a fluent interface to build querysets. In Grails, you can have a similar functionality by composing detached criteria. Still, the most common way to query objects seems to be the use of runtime-generated methods like FindUserByEmailNotNull or FindPostByDateGreaterThan. I will not go further, but my point is that in Django-like frameworks you have control over the whole flow of the request/response process, while in Grails-like ones I feel I only have to feel the blanks and the framework will manage the rest of the flow for me. This is not to criticize Grails or CakePHP; which type you prefer is mainly a matter of preference. In fact, I happen to like some aspects of Grails, but I feel more comfortable with a framework which does less for me. Back to the point of the question: which one among Play and Lift is more explicit about what you do and which one tries to simplify more what you have to do with a layer of "magic"?

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Unit test: How best to provide an XML input?

- by TheSilverBullet

I need to write a unit test which validates the serialization of two attributes of an XML(size ~ 30 KB) file. What is the best way to provide an input for this test? Here are the options I have considered: Add the file to the project and use a file reader Pass the contents of the XML as a string Create the XML through a program and pass it Which is my best option and why? If there is another way which you think is better, I would love to hear it.

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