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• Thoughts on Apache log file sizes?

  - by Nathan Long

  Do you place any limits on the size of Apache log files - access.log and error.log? Specifically, can you give: Reasons to limit log file sizes Disk space Any other? Reasons NOT to limit log file sizes Research into performance issues or security breaches Any other? Methods of doing so Cron job that periodically deletes the file, or the first N lines? Any other? Anything you might salvage before deleting For example, grep out how many times a file was downloaded before deleting the access logs I'd like get the thoughts of experienced sysadmins before I do anything. (Marking as community wiki since this may be a matter of opinion.)

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• How to set up a staging apt repository to securely manage upgrades

  - by andreash

  Hello, I would like to be able to run automatic apt-get upgrade (once per hour) on our servers (Ubuntu 10.04), so that I don't have to do it manually on all of them (about 15). However, for production machines, that's not a good idea ... So here's my idea: Set up a local repository for all 'approved' updates for critical packages. I would then push updated packages from upstream to our local repo after I tested them, and all servers could automatically (apt-cron?) upgrade from this repository. So my question is this: How do I configure apt on the clients so that they use the local repository only for all packages which exist on the local repository, and the upstream one for all other packages? Does this actually make sense? Or am I missing something? Anyways, thanks for your insight! Andreas.

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• VMWare Server lck file keeps coming back

  - by muncherelli

  I am running VMWare Server 2.0 on a Debian Lenny system as a host OS. I am getting this error when I try to start a Virtual Machine Cannot open the disk '/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines//.vmdk' or one of the snapshot disks it depends on. Reason: Failed to lock the file. So I looked around on the web and found that I need to delete the .lck folder and file in order to get this error This seems to happen any time I reboot my Debian Server. The Virtual Machines sometimes do not recover and this lck file is causing problems. Should I create a cron script that does a rm *.lck on each of my machines on reboot? Looking for any direction on how to resolve this. It seems when i do a "reboot" command it is maybe not gracefully shutting down the VMware containers so the lock files are still intact?

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• CentOS - Disk Quota X% warning

  - by jfreak53

  I currently have disk quotas working perfectly for Hard Limit Quotas on a CentOS 5 box. Quotas are working fine, but I am looking for a way to alert users either in a Cron or Automatically as Quotas is already running, when they are within X% of their Hard Limit Quota? I would like this email to go out to an email address I configure somehow for each user. I've looked all over the place but can't find it. All I can find is warnquota which only works when a user goes over Quota. The problem is I use Hard Limits, so my users will never go over quota. It needs to warn them when they are within X% of their limits.

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• My site not directing links correctly.

  - by mystycs

  I have a site at http://badassmonkeys.com/ and when i click any of the links it does not direct it to the actual page but still pulls up the link. For some reason it works perfectly on linux cpanel and actually loads the pages, but on windows in apache, or in IIS even with a rewrite mod for it, it just doesnt work. The links dont go correctly. Is it a php.ini setting? This is my htaccess file if curious, but it works perfect in linux, but not on windows.... DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm default.htm index.php Options +FollowSymlinks RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^(.*\.(css|swf|js|xml|gif|jpg))$ $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ^((images|contactus|css|blog|script|style|docs|admin|fck|swf|Scripts|includes|images|img|uploads|templates|js|css|calendar|expert_area|fckfiles|flvplayer|highslide)/.*) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ((fb_login|phpinfo|aim|csql|info|cron|index|site|simg|img|ajax|ari|fck_install|ffmpeg_test|file|redirect|rss_blogs|rss_info)\.php) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ^ajax/?$ ajax.php [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ((xd_receiver)\.htm) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ((google7a9ea27ccf395e97)\.html) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ((favicon)\.ico) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ((W4uFNrPc9U9SAfP7qiJFwCfp7vk)\.txt) $1 [L,QSA,NE] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?htaccesss=%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,QSA,NE]

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• rkhunter warns of inode change by no file modification date changes

  - by Nicholas Tolley Cottrell

  I have several systems running Centos 6 with rkhunter installed. I have a daily cron running rkhunter and reporting back via email. I very often get reports like: ---------------------- Start Rootkit Hunter Scan ---------------------- Warning: The file properties have changed: File: /sbin/fsck Current inode: 6029384 Stored inode: 6029326 Warning: The file properties have changed: File: /sbin/ip Current inode: 6029506 Stored inode: 6029343 Warning: The file properties have changed: File: /sbin/nologin Current inode: 6029443 Stored inode: 6029531 Warning: The file properties have changed: File: /bin/dmesg Current inode: 13369362 Stored inode: 13369366 From what I understand, rkhunter will usually report a changed hash and/or modification date on the scanned files to, so this leads me to think that there is no real change. My question: is there some other activity on the machine that could make the inode change (running ext4) or is this really yum making regular (~ once a week) changes to these files as part of normal security updates?

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• Monitor a log file on Linux and send each line to another program

  - by mlambie

  I run an apt-cacher-ng server on Ubuntu Linux which writes logs in the following format: 1299745593|O|149406|XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX|uburep/pool/main/t/tiff/libtiff4_3.9.2-2ubuntu0.4_amd64.deb 1299745593|O|10154976|XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX|uburep/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.34.4_all.deb 1299748529|O|39368|XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX|uburep/pool/main/n/nagios-nrpe/nagios-nrpe-server_2.12-4ubuntu1_amd64.deb 1300155440|O|680100|XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX|uburep/pool/main/t/tzdata/tzdata_2011c-0ubuntu0.10.04_all.deb It shows the timestamp, direction (in or out), byte count, IP and filename. Every time a line is written to it, I'd like to also send that line to another program. I will have this program insert the line into a database so that I can crunch some statistics about how much bandwidth we're saving through operating a caching server. I do not want to cat the log file every X minutes (via cron) looking for new entries as it'd be somewhat computationally uneconomical. Instead I'd prefer to have a daemon monitor the log, and when a change is detected, each line is sent to my database-insertion script. Will swatch achieve this, or are there better options?

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• How to backup data on debian vps to dropbox?

  - by IBr

  I have really simple private VPS with some webpages and music server. I want to backup some configs and some scripts to dropbox or similar service. Server has no gui (except simple ssh X forwarding, which is neither convenient for constant usage and does not provide full desktop) everything is controlled through ssh. So my question would is it possible to setup dropbox client for command line use? How? Is there any alternatives for dropbox, which would have command line clients? Also is it possible to incorporate backup into script for cron job?

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• Parallel processing slower than sequential?

  - by zebediah49

  EDIT: For anyone who stumbles upon this in the future: Imagemagick uses a MP library. It's faster to use available cores if they're around, but if you have parallel jobs, it's unhelpful. Do one of the following: do your jobs serially (with Imagemagick in parallel mode) set MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT=1 for your invocation of the imagemagick binary in question. By making Imagemagick use only one thread, it slows down by 20-30% in my test cases, but meant I could run one job per core without issues, for a significant net increase in performance. Original question: While converting some images using ImageMagick, I noticed a somewhat strange effect. Using xargs was significantly slower than a standard for loop. Since xargs limited to a single process should act like a for loop, I tested that, and found it to be about the same. Thus, we have this demonstration. Quad core (AMD Athalon X4, 2.6GHz) Working entirely on a tempfs (16g ram total; no swap) No other major loads Results: /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 0m3.784s user 0m2.240s sys 0m0.230s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 2 convert -auto-level real 0m9.097s user 0m28.020s sys 0m0.910s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 10 convert -auto-level real 0m9.844s user 0m33.200s sys 0m1.270s Can anyone think of a reason why running two instances of this program takes more than twice as long in real time, and more than ten times as long in processor time to complete the same task? After that initial hit, more processes do not seem to have as significant of an effect. I thought it might have to do with disk seeking, so I did that test entirely in ram. Could it have something to do with how Convert works, and having more than one copy at once means it cannot use processor cache as efficiently or something? EDIT: When done with 1000x 769KB files, performance is as expected. Interesting. /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 3m37.679s user 5m6.980s sys 0m6.340s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 3m37.152s user 5m6.140s sys 0m6.530s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 2 convert -auto-level real 2m7.578s user 5m35.410s sys 0m6.050s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 4 convert -auto-level real 1m36.959s user 5m48.900s sys 0m6.350s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 10 convert -auto-level real 1m36.392s user 5m54.840s sys 0m5.650s

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• Sendmail.mc: alias all incoming e-mails to one account

  - by Angus

  I need to alias all mail coming from another SMTP server to this one account "myinbox". The system in question is to receive all e-mail on the domain, if that's any help. http://william.shallum.net/random-notes/sendmailredirectallmailfordevelopment is a template for the beginning of a solution, but that routes everything (including outgoing and internal mail) to that one account, and trying to understand how these R rules work is making my head spin. I think the answer is in sendmail.mc rather than any Procmail configuration. So I think what I generally don't want the filter to do is: Interfere w/any outgoing e-mail Interfere w/any internal e-mail Sometimes some cron job causes "root" to mail to "root". I don't want these to go to myinbox. Cause infinite loops Who does? Bounce messages and any DSNs come to mind. I'm running Sendmail 8.13.1 and Procmail 3.22.

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• Is there a software package that safely allows SSH via web on simple web host?

  - by spoulson

  I want to be able to use a secured web page on my shared web host to make SSH connections out to any destination. A shared web host is cheap and easy to maintain, and usually allows ssh to the web server. There are times I'd like to ssh into my web server, but don't have direct ssh connectivity. I'm aware of consoleFISH, Ajaxterm, and Anyterm. The problem is consoleFISH is a man-in-the-middle by design, and Ajaxterm/Anyterm require running a daemon process on the hosting server. Web hosts can usually support cron jobs, but not continuously running daemon processes. Additional Apache modules are usually out, too, as they require reconfiguration of the server and affects all other customers. Are there any software packages out there I can run on my shared web hosting account that provide a true ssh experience with these limitations?

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• Best Solution For My Requirements

  - by Eray

  Hello, I'm a web developer. I have a few small online web application and a few Wordpress blogs. But i don't have too much experience with installing / configuring web servers . One of my web application needs cron jobs. It will check a lot of web sites availability. And, this application will leech too much RAM. And i think shared-hosting isn't suitable for this. But 1GB storage is enough i think. I don't need too much storage for my web sites. What do you think ? Which hosting solution is more suitable for my requirements ? Reseller ? VPS ? Cloud Server ? etc ...

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• lighttpd silently stops logging

  - by Max Cantor

  I'm on a Slicehost 256MB VPS with Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty). lighttpd is the only web server process running; it listens on port 80. My lighttpd.conf can be found here. I'm using Ubuntu's default logrotate setup for lighty. At seemingly random times, lighttpd will stop logging. It is not correlated with log rotation--that is, the errors do not occur when logrotate kicks in. What happens is, I will verify that the server is serving files by hitting a URL with my browser, and I will verify that it is not logging by checking access.log and seeing that the GET request I just made is not there. Using init.d to restart the process starts logging again, without truncating or rotating the log file. That is, new requests will be logged at the end of the existing access.log file. There are no cron jobs running on this box. Any ideas?

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• How can I update Firefox add-ons automatically?

  - by Maelstrom

  Similar to this question, is it possible to update installed plugins via the command line? I'm running YSlow with beacon reporting as a nightly cron job under OSX: /Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin -no-remote -P YSlow http://www.example.com/ & PID=$! sleep 300 kill $PID This dumps FF into the background and grabs the PID, waits 300 seconds (for the page to load) then kills it. If there is an update pending, the browser "hangs" waiting for a confirmation. If I do click on the "install updates" link, everything works and then Firefox launches a new process - the $! returned by the shell is no longer valid. Can I update a plugin from the command line without confirmation? Can I curl the XPI into a file and install it without confirmation?

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• How to delete files quicker than rm -rf?

  - by Byakugan

  Is there any way how to delete folder/files quicker than with command rm -rf? It seems my disc is filled with bilions of files (sessions of php5) which were not deleted in cron so I need to delete them manually but it takes hours and it is still not helping reducing the amount. Thank you. My command: rm -rf /var/lib/php5/* Tried also these commands: find /var/lib/php5 -name "sess_*" -exec rm {} \; And perl -e 'chdir "/var/lib/php5/" or die; opendir D, "."; while ($n = readdir D) { unlink $n }'

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• How long do uploaded files stay in the tmp folder in Linux Ubuntu?

  - by Jean-Nicolas Boulay Desjardins

  I am building a web application where my users will be able to upload files. After the files are uploaded I need to send the files to two other servers, and after they will be deleted from the server where they were just uploaded to. I am wandering is it a good I idea to keep the uploaded files in the tmp/ folder the time the uploaded files are sent to the other two servers or should I move them to another folder incase they get deleted? I am also wandering because I would like to know if I have to build a cron script to get rid of the files that have been transfered to the other servers so that I get my disk space back.

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• I'd like to archive files from Ubuntu to Windows between two computers on a shared home network

  - by Wabbitseason

  I have an old laptop running Ubuntu 9.10 which I use as a LAMP environment for web development, and I have a comfortable, powerful desktop computer with Windows 7 installed on it. These two are connected to a home router so both can access the internet. I have been able to set up Samba so I can mount my Apache home directory so it is accessible from Windows and is mapped as a network drive. What I'd like to do is access some Windows folders from Linux so I could automatically create backups (with cron scripts) of my work to physically different locations on the Windows box. Perhaps at a later time I'd set up a local Subversion repository but I'd love to keep backups of that on the Windows drives too. Using Ubuntu's Places/Network menu I can see my desktop but I'm unable to log in to that despite having created the corrent username and password on Windows. All I can get is the following error message: "Unable to mount location. Failed to retrieve share list from server." What could be misconfigurated?

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• Successful su for user by root in /var/log/auth.log

  - by grs

  I have this sorts of entries in my /var/log/auth.log: Apr 3 12:32:23 machine_name su[1521]: Successful su for user1 by root Apr 3 12:32:23 machine_name su[1654]: Successful su for user2 by root Apr 3 12:32:24 machine_name su[1772]: Successful su for user3 by root Situation: All users are real accounts in /etc/passwd; None of the users has its own crontab; All of those users are logged in the machine some time ago via SSH or No Machine - time varies from few minutes to few hours; no cron jobs are scheduled to run at that time, anacron is removed; I can see similar entries for other days and other times. The common part is the users are logged in when it appears. It does not appear during login, but some time afterwards. This machine has similar setup with few others but it is the only one where I see these entries. What causes them? Thanks

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• Is there a lightweight MTA for Ubuntu 9.10 Desktop?

  - by Joe Casadonte

  I'm writing a Perl script to run as a cron job, and I want to email results & errors to a local account on the laptop. I'd like something that can talk SMTP (do any MTAs not adhere to SMTP?). I use Thunderbird 3, so I'll also need a POP/IMAP server (unless T-Bird can read straight from an mbox file; I'll have to check into that). No need for spam controls as I'll lock it down real tight, only accepting mail originating from the laptop itself. Thanks!

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• automated printouts from a wireless printer

  - by Piotr

  I have a wireless printer which is always on, and an always on fanless linux server. Looking at the mprinter project on Kickstarter I started to wonder if there is an app somewhere in the internet already that will allow to prepare an automated daily printout based on some settings. things to be printed could include - weather forecast for my locations, todo`s scheduled for that day, a "quote of a day" or "word of the day", stats from google analytics for my site, and many more ... I would set a printout at 6:15 every work day so its on my printer when I am already up, having a coffee. anyone knows something that can be used for such purpose? While I know this can be done by combining the power of TeX, cron and a script language to manage the dynamic part of the PDF I believe this is a use case someone has already addressed.

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• Backup Script - Could Not Open Input File

  - by Iestyn

  this is the backup script that I've got going: http://pastebin.com/4g4E6wUz This is the cron info: /usr/local/bin/php /home/backups/backup-db.php --filename-dated ALL No matter what I do, I keep on getting this error: Could not open input file: /home/backups/backup-db.php - That's the correct location of the file. I just don't know what else to try, I feel I've been working on this for so long now that I've explored every avenue, on the other hand sometimes I think that the time I've spent on it is clouding my thoughts and I'm missing something stupidly obvious. Just wondering if someone can give me a few pointers? Also on a last note, does anyone know of a way/article to auto generate a full backup of cPanel every * amount of days and store it in a location that I want? Kind Regards.

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• Solution to Manage and Monitor (Ubuntu) Machines

  - by Elmar Weber

  I'm looking for a tool like Canonical (system management and monitoring for Ubuntu) that is Open Source and free. The goal is to manage a dozen or so KVM machines for private testing purposes. I know of puppet and munin or RHQ as separate tools to manage and monitor, but I'd prefer something integrated. Any tips? Basic requirements would be: system package management and update (individual selection for each managed node) configuration of basic system services (Users, NFS, cron, ideally also Apache) monitoring (charting of system resources, disk, io, memory, etc) and alerting, ideally a default configuration with sensible values for alerts

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• windows VPS running apache and mysql, php scripts running slow.. but cpu usage is 1-3%..

  - by Roeland

  So every night I run some cron jobs. It requires probably about 20 min to process all the records. I gather the script does something like 10,000 sql queries. I figure this task was just that intense and needs time to complete, but I looked at CPU and memory usage, and it is super low. Cpu usage is between 1-3% and once in a while will bounce to 50ish for 2-3 seconds. This VPS is running windows 2003 server with Apache and MySQL. Does this sound right?

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• How to automatically set default quota limits for users on XFS filesystem, when the new account is created

  - by acidburn2k

  I guess the title explains the problem pretty well. Do you have an idea for a mechanism, which will automatically assign default quota values for every new account created (sort as the skel scheme works, but in this area)? Now, I am looking for a generic clean solution, not some ugly cron based scripts, or wrapper scripts for creating users. I would also like to avoid any external, unmaintained stuff (like forgotten pam modules, and such). Anything what could lead to overhead and extra work in future isn't really the solution, nor is checking for new accounts every minute.

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• Backup of images

  - by Sam Kong

  I've just installed a Ubuntu for a file server. It will share a folder (samba) and employees of my company will save photos on that. Currently the total amount of the photos is about 100GB and every day 20MB will be added. My question is about backup plan. I want to backup the photos to a remote server using a cron job. I can think of 2 things. rsync git Image files won't be changed so rsync will do. But as people say, I must git all my data. What would you do? Thanks. Sam

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