duplicate values - Page 803

Remove never-run call to templated function, get allocation error on run-time

- by Narfanator

First off, I'm a bit at a loss as to how to ask this question. So I'm going to try throwing lots of information at the problem. Ok, so, I went to completely redesign my test project for my experimental core library thingy. I use a lot of template shenanigans in the library. When I removed the "user" code, the tests gave me a memory allocation error. After quite a bit of experimenting, I narrowed it down to this bit of code (out of a couple hundred lines): void VOODOO(components::switchBoard &board){ board.addComponent<using_allegro::keyInputs<'w'> >(); } Fundementally, what's weirding me out is that it appears that the act of compiling this function (and the template function it then uses, and the template functions those then use...), makes this bug not appear. This code is not being run. Similar code (the same, but for different key vals) occurs elsewhere, but is within Boost TDD code. I realize I certainly haven't given enough information for you to solve it for me; I tried, but it more-or-less spirals into most of the code base. I think I'm most looking for "here's what the problem could be", "here's where to look", etc. There's something that's happening during compile because of this line, but I don't know enough about that step to begin looking. Sooo, how can a (presumably) compilied, but never actually run, bit of templated code, when removed, cause another part of code to fail? Error: Unhandled exceptionat 0x6fe731ea (msvcr90d.dll) in Switchboard.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xcdcdcdc1. Callstack: operator delete(void * pUser Data) allocator< class name related to key inputs callbacks ::deallocate vector< same class ::_Insert_n(...) vector< " " ::insert(...) vector<" "::push_back(...) It looks like maybe the vector isn't valid, because _MyFirst and similar data members are showing values of 0xcdcdcdcd in the debugger. But the vector is a member variable...

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Upgrading Entity Framework 1.0 to 4.0 to include foreign keys

- by duthiega

Currently I've been working with Entity Framework 1.0 which is located under a service façade. Below is one of the save methods I've created to either update or insert the device in question. This currently works but, I can't help feel that its a bit of a hack having to set the referenced properties to null then re-attach them just to get an insert to work. The changedDevice already holds these values, so why do I need to assign them again. So, I thought I'll update the model to EF4. That way I can just directly access the foreign keys. However, on doing this I've found that there doesn't seem to be an easy way to add the foreign keys except by removing the entity from the diagram and re-adding it. I don't want to do this as I've already been through all the entity properties renaming them from the DB column names. Can anyone help? /// <summary> /// Saves the non network device. /// </summary> /// <param name="nonNetworkDeviceDto">The non network device dto.</param> public void SaveNonNetworkDevice(NonNetworkDeviceDto nonNetworkDeviceDto) { using (var context = new AssetNetworkEntities2()) { var changedDevice = TransformationHelper.ConvertNonNetworkDeviceDtoToEntity(nonNetworkDeviceDto); if (!nonNetworkDeviceDto.DeviceId.Equals(-1)) { var originalDevice = context.NonNetworkDevices.Include("Status").Include("NonNetworkType").FirstOrDefault( d => d.DeviceId.Equals(nonNetworkDeviceDto.DeviceId)); context.ApplyAllReferencedPropertyChanges(originalDevice, changedDevice); context.ApplyCurrentValues(originalDevice.EntityKey.EntitySetName, changedDevice); } else { var maxNetworkDevice = context.NonNetworkDevices.OrderBy("it.DeviceId DESC").First(); changedDevice.DeviceId = maxNetworkDevice.DeviceId + 1; var status = changedDevice.Status; var nonNetworkType = changedDevice.NonNetworkType; changedDevice.Status = null; changedDevice.NonNetworkType = null; context.AttachTo("DeviceStatuses", status); if (nonNetworkType != null) { context.AttachTo("NonNetworkTypes", nonNetworkType); } changedDevice.Status = status; changedDevice.NonNetworkType = nonNetworkType; context.AddToNonNetworkDevices(changedDevice); } context.SaveChanges(); } }

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Race condition for thread startup

- by Ozzah

A similar question was asked here, but the answers generally all seem to relate to the lambda notation. I get a similar result without the lambda so I thought I'd ask for some clarification: Say I have something like this: for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) (new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate() { Console.WriteLine("Thread " + i); }))).Start(); One would expect the following output: Thread 0 Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Thread 4 Now I realise that the threads aren't started in any particular order, so let's just assume that the above lines can come out in any order. But that is not what happens. What instead happens: Thread 3 Thread 4 Thread 4 Thread 4 Thread 4 or something similar, which leads me to believe that rather than passing the value if i, it is passing the reference. (Which is weird, since an int is a value type). Doing something like this: for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) (new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate() { int j = i; Console.WriteLine("Thread " + j); }))).Start(); does not help either, even though we have made a copy of i. I am assuming the reason is that it hasn't made a copy of i in time. Doing something like this: for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { (new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate() { Console.WriteLine("Thread " + i); }))).Start(); Thread.Sleep(50); } seems to fix the problem, however it is extremely undesirable as we're wasting 50ms on each iteration, not to mention the fact that if the computer is heavily loaded then maybe 50ms may not be enough. Here is a sample with my current, specific problem: Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(delgate() { threadLogic(param1, param2, param3, param4); })); t.Start(); param1 = param2 = param3 = param4 = null; with: void threadLogic(object param1, object param2, object param3, object param4) { // Do some stuff here... } I want threadLogic() to run in its own thread, however the above code gives a null reference exception. I assume this is because the values are set to null before the thread has had a chance to start. Again, putting a Thread.Sleep(100) works, but it is an awful solution from every aspect. What do you guys recommend for this particular type of race condition?

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How to pass operators as parameters

- by Rodion Ingles

I have to load an array of doubles from a file, multiply each element by a value in a table (different values for different elements), do some work on it, invert the multiplication (that is, divide) and then save the data back to file. Currently I implement the multiplication and division process in two separate methods. Now there is some extra work behind the scenes but apart from the specific statements where the multiplication/division occurs, the rest of the code is identical. As you can imagine, with this approach you have to be very careful making any changes. The surrounding code is not trivial, so its either a case of manually editing each method or copying changes from one method to the other and remembering to change the * and / operators. After too many close calls I am fed up of this and would like to make a common function which implements the common logic and two wrapper functions which pass which operator to use as a parameter. My initial approach was to use function pointers: MultiplyData(double data) { TransformData(data, &(operator *)); } DivideData(double data) { TransformData(data, &(operator /)); } TransformData(double data, double (*func)(double op1, double op2)) { /* Do stuff here... */ } However, I can't pass the operators as pointers (is this because it is an operator on a native type?), so I tried to use function objects. Initially I thought that multiplies and divides functors in <functional> would be ideal: MultiplyData(double data) { std::multiplies<double> multFunct; TransformData(data, &multFunct); } DivideData(double data) { std::divides<double> divFunct; TransformData(data, &divFunct); } TransformData(double data, std::binary_function<double, double, double> *funct) { /* Do stuff here... */ } As you can see I was trying to use a base class pointer to pass the functor polymorphically. The problem is that std::binary_function does not declare an operator() member for the child classes to implement. Is there something I am missing, or is the solution to implement my own functor heirarchy (which really seems more trouble than it is worth)?

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.NET Extension Objects with XSLT -- how to iterate over a collection?

- by Pandincus

Help me, Stackoverflow! I have a simple .NET 3.5 console app that reads some data and sends emails. I'm representing the email format in an XSLT stylesheet so that we can easily change the wording of the email without needing to recompile the app. We're using Extension Objects to pass data to the XSLT when we apply the transformation: <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl" xmlns:EmailNotification="ext:EmailNotification"> -- this way, we can have statements like: <p> Dear <xsl:value-of select="EmailNotification:get_FullName()" />: </p> The above works fine. I pass the object via code like this (some irrelevant code omitted for brevity): // purely an example structure public struct EmailNotification { public string FullName { get; set; } } // Somewhere in some method ... var notification = new Notification("John Smith"); // ... XsltArgumentList xslArgs = new XsltArgumentList(); xslArgs.AddExtensionObject("ext:EmailNotification", notification); // ... // The part where it breaks! (This is where we do the transformation) xslt.Transform(fakeXMLDocument.CreateNavigator(), xslArgs, XmlWriter.Create(transformedXMLString)); So, all of the above code works. However, I wanted to get a little fancy (always my downfall) and pass a collection, so that I could do something like this: <p>The following accounts need to be verified:</p> <xsl:for-each select="EmailNotification:get_SomeCollection()"> <ul> <li> <xsl:value-of select="@SomeAttribute" /> </li> </ul> <xsl:for-each> When I pass the collection in the extension object and attempt to transform, I get the following error: "Extension function parameters or return values which have Clr type 'String[]' are not supported." or List, or IEnumerable, or whatever I try to pass in. So, my questions are: How can I pass in a collection to my XSLT? What do I put for the xsl:value-of select="" inside the xsl:for-each ? Is what I am trying to do impossible?

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mysql: can't set max_allowed_package to anything grater than 16MB

- by sas

I'm not sure if this is the right place to post these kind of questions, if it's not so, please (politely) let me know... :-) I need to save files greater than 16MB on a mysql database from a php site... I've already changed the c:\xampp\mysql\bin\my.cnf and set max_allowed_packet to 16 MB, and everything worked fine then I set it to 32 MB but there´s no way I can handle a file bigger than 16 MB I get the following error: 'MySQL server has gone away' (the same error I had when max_allowed_packet was set to 1MB) there must be some other setting that doesn´t allow me to handle files bigger than 16MB maybe the php client, I guess, but I don't know where to edit it this is the code I'm running when file.txt is smaller than 16.776.192 bytes long, it works fine, but if file.txt has 16.777.216 bytes i get the aforementioned error oh, and the field download.content is a longblob... $file = 'file.txt'; $file_handle = fopen( $file, 'r' ); $content = fread( $file_handle, filesize( $file ) ); fclose( $file_handle ); db_execute( 'truncate table download', true ); $sql = "insert into download( code, title, name, description, original_name, mime_type, size, content, user_insert_id, date_insert, user_update_id, date_update ) values ( 'new file', 'new file', 'sas.jpg', 'new file', '$file', 'mime', " . filesize( $file ) . ", '" . addslashes( $content ) . "', 0, " . db_char_to_sql( now_char(), 'datetime' ) . ", 0, " . db_char_to_sql( now_char(), 'datetime' ) . " )"; db_execute( $sql, true ); (the db_execute funcion just opens the connections and executes the sql stuff) running on windows XP sp2 server version: 5.0.67-community PHP Version 4.4.9 mysql client API version: 3.23.49 using: ApacheFriends XAMPP (Basispaket) version 1.6.8 that comes with + Apache 2.2.9 + MySQL 5.0.67 (Community Server) + PHP 5.2.6 + PHP 4.4.9 + PEAR + phpMyAdmin 2.11.9.2 ... this is part of the content of c:\xampp\mysql\bin\my.cnf # The MySQL server [mysqld] port= 3306 socket= "C:/xampp/mysql/mysql.sock" basedir="C:/xampp/mysql" tmpdir="C:/xampp/tmp" datadir="C:/xampp/mysql/data" skip-locking key_buffer = 16M # max_allowed_packet = 1M max_allowed_packet = 32M table_cache = 128 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

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Correlation formula explanation needed d3.js

- by divakar

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Symfony2 Forms: is it possible to bind a form in an "unconventional way"?

- by DonCallisto

Imagine this scenario: in our company there is an employee that "play" around graphic,css,html and so on. Our new project will born under symfony2 so we're trying some silly - but "real" - stuff (like authentication from db, submit data from a form and persist it to db and so on..) The problem As far i know, learnt from symfony2 "book" that i found on the site (you can find it here), there is an "automated" way for creating and rendering forms: 1) Build the form up into a controller in this way $form = $this->createFormBuilder($task) ->add('task','text'), ->add('dueDate','date'), ->getForm(); return $this->render('pathToBundle:Controller:templateTwig', array('form'=>$form->createview()); 2) Into templateTwig render the template {{ form_widget(form) }} // or single rows method 3) Into a controller (the same that have a route where you can submit data), take back submitted information if($rquest->getMethod()=='POST'){ $form->bindRequest($request); /* and so on */ } Return to scenario Our graphic employee don't want to access controllers, write php and other stuff like those. So he'll write a twig template with a "unconventional" (from symfony2 point of view, but conventional from HTML point of view) method: /* into twig template */ <form action="{{ path('SestanteUserBundle_homepage') }}" method="post" name="userForm"> <div> USERNAME: <input type="text" name="user_name" value="{{ user.username}}"/> </div> <div> EMAIL: <input type="text" name="user_mail" value="{{ user.email }}"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="user_id" value="{{ id }}" /> <input type="submit" value="modifica i dati"> </form> Now, if into the controller that handle the submission of data we do something like that public function indexAction(Request $request) { if($request->getMethod() == 'POST'){ // sono arrivato per via di un submit, quindi devo modificare i dati prima di farli vedere a video $defaultData = array('message'=>'ho visto questa cosa in esempio, ma non capisco se posso farne a meno'); $form = $this->createFormBuilder($defaultData) ->add('user_name','text') ->add('user_mail','email') ->add('user_id','integer') ->getForm(); $form->bindRequest($request); //bindo la form ad una request $data = $form->getData(); //mi aspetto un'array chiave=>valore /* .... */ We expected that $data will contain an array with key,value from the submitted form. We found that it isn't true. After googling for a while and try with other "bad" ideas, we're frozen into that. So, if you have a "graphic office" that can't handle directly php code, how can we interface from form(s) to controller(s) ? UPDATE It seems that Symfony2 use a different convention for form's field name and lookup once you've submitted that. In particular, if my form's name is addUser and a field is named userName, the field's name will be AddUser[username] so maybe it have a "dynamic" lookup method that will extract form's name, field's name, concat them and lookup for values. Is it possible?

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Can someone who understands C code help me understand this code?

- by Benjamin

INT GetTree (HWND hWnd, HTREEITEM hItem, HKEY *pRoot, TCHAR *pszKey, INT nMax) { TV_ITEM tvi; TCHAR szName[256]; HTREEITEM hParent; HWND hwndTV = GetDlgItem (hWnd, ID_TREEV); memset (&tvi, 0, sizeof (tvi)); hParent = TreeView_GetParent (hwndTV, hItem); if (hParent) { // Get the parent of the parent of the... GetTree (hWnd, hParent, pRoot, pszKey, nMax); // Get the name of the item. tvi.mask = TVIF_TEXT; tvi.hItem = hItem; tvi.pszText = szName; tvi.cchTextMax = dim(szName); TreeView_GetItem (hwndTV, &tvi); //send the TVM_GETITEM message? lstrcat (pszKey, TEXT ("\\")); lstrcat (pszKey, szName); } else { *pszKey = TEXT ('\0'); szName[0] = TEXT ('\0'); // Get the name of the item. tvi.mask = TVIF_TEXT | TVIF_PARAM; tvi.hItem = hItem; tvi.pszText = szName; tvi.cchTextMax = dim(szName); if (TreeView_GetItem (hwndTV, &tvi)) //*pRoot = (HTREEITEM)tvi.lParam; //original hItem = (HTREEITEM)tvi.lParam; else { INT rc = GetLastError(); } } return 0; } The block of code that begins with the comment "Get the name of the item" does not make sense to me. If you are getting the listview item why does the code set the parameters of the item being retrieved, because if you already had the values there would be no need to retrieve them. Secondly near the comment "original" is the original line of code which will compile with a varning under embedded visual c++, but if you copy the exact same code into visual studio 2008 it will not compile. Since I did not write any of this code and am trying to learn is it possible the original author made a mistake on this line, since the *pRoot should point to and HKEY type yet he is casting to an HTREEITEM type which should never work since the data types don't match? (Side note someone with a better reputation should add a windows ce tag to SO since windows mobile is not the same as windows ce.)

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Displaying xaml resources dynamically?

- by Robert

I used Mike Swanson's illustrator to xaml converter to convert some of my images to xaml. The convert creates a viewbox that contains the image. These viewboxes I made resource files in my program. The code below shows what I'm trying to do: I have a viewmodel that has an enum variable called PrimaryWinding of type Windings. The values PrimD and PrimY of the enum select the respective PrimD and PrimY xaml files in the resources. <UserControl.Resources> <DataTemplate x:Key="PrimTrafo" DataType="{x:Type l:Windings}"> <Frame Source="{Binding}" x:Name="PART_Image" NavigationUIVisibility="Hidden"> <Frame.LayoutTransform> <ScaleTransform ScaleX="0.5" ScaleY="0.5"/> </Frame.LayoutTransform> </Frame> <DataTemplate.Triggers> <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="PrimD"> <Setter TargetName="PART_Image" Property="Source" Value="Resources\PrimD.xaml" /> </DataTrigger> <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="PrimY"> <Setter TargetName="PART_Image" Property="Source" Value="Resources\PrimY.xaml" /> </DataTrigger> </DataTemplate.Triggers> </DataTemplate> </UserControl.Resources>  <Grid > <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="2*"></ColumnDefinition> <ColumnDefinition Width="2*"></ColumnDefinition> <ColumnDefinition Width="1*"></ColumnDefinition> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ContentControl Grid.Column="0" Content="{Binding PrimaryWinding}" ContentTemplate="{StaticResource PrimTrafo}"/> </Grid> This code works. Only I can't resize the drawings to the size of the grid cell. I added the ScaleTransform class to resize the image. Is a Frame the wrong class to hold the drawings? Should I use the ScaleTransform class to resize the drawing to the size of the cell? And how can I do that dynamically?

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Not allowing characters after Space. Mysql Insert With PHP

- by Jake

Ok so I think this is easy but I dont know (I'm a novice to PHP and MySQL). I have a select that is getting data from a table in the database. I am simply taking whatever options the user selects and putting it into a separate table with a php mysql insert statement. But I am having a problem. When I hit submit, everything is submitted properly except for any select options that have spaces don't submit after the first space. For example if the option was COMPUTER REPAIR, all that would get sent is COMPUTER. I will post code if needed, and any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! Ok here is my select code: <?php include("./config.php"); $query="SELECT id,name FROM category_names ORDER BY name"; $result = mysql_query ($query); echo"<div style='overflow:auto;width:100%'><label>Categories (Pick three that describe your business)</label><br/><select name='select1'><option value='0'>Please Select A Category</option>"; // printing the list box select command while($catinfo=mysql_fetch_array($result)){//Array or records stored in $nt echo "<option>$catinfo[name]</option><br/> "; } echo"</select></div>"; ?> And here is my insert code ( Just to let you know its got everything not just the select!) ?php require("./config.php"); $companyname = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes(trim($_REQUEST['name']))); $phone = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['phone'])); $zipcode = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['zipcode'])); $city = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['city'])); $description = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['description'])); $website = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['website'])); $address = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['address'])); $other = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['other'])); $payment = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['payment'])); $products = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['products'])); $email = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['email'])); $select1 = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['select1'])); $select2 = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['select2'])); $select3 = mysql_real_escape_string(addslashes($_REQUEST['select3'])); $save=$_POST['save']; if(!empty($save)){ $sql="INSERT INTO gj (name, phone, city, zipcode, description, dateadded, website, address1, other2, payment_options, Products, email,cat1,cat2,cat3) VALUES ('$companyname','$phone','$city','$zipcode','$description',curdate(),'$website','$address','$other','$payment','$products','$email','$select1','$select2','$select3')"; if (!mysql_query($sql,$link)) { die('Error: ' . mysql_error()); } echo "<br/><h2><font color='green' style='font-size:15px'>1 business added</font></h2>"; mysql_close($link); } ?>

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Maximum nametable char count exceeded

- by doc

I'm having issues with the maximum nametable char count quota, I followed a couple of answers here and it solved the problem for a while, but now I'm having the same issue. My Server side config is as follows: <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="GenericBinding" maxBufferPoolSize="2147483647" maxBufferSize="2147483647" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="2147483647" maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647" maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647" /> <security mode="None" /> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="false" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="1000000" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <services> <service name="REMWCF.RemWCFSvc"> <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="REMWCF.IRemWCFSvc" bindingConfiguration="GenericBinding" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:9081/RemWCFSvc" /> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> I also have the same tcp binding on the devenv configuration. Have I reached the limit of contracts supported? Is there a way to turn off that quota? EDIT Error Message: Error: Cannot obtain Metadata from net.tcp://localhost:9081/RemWCFSvc/mex If this is a Windows (R) Communication Foundation service to which you have access, please check that you have enabled metadata publishing at the specified address. For help enabling metadata publishing, please refer to the MSDN documentation at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=65455.WS-Metadata Exchange Error URI: net.tcp://localhost:9081/RemWCFSvc/mex Metadata contains a reference that cannot be resolved: 'net.tcp://localhost:9081/RemWCFSvc/mex'. There is an error in the XML document. The maximum nametable character count quota (16384) has been exceeded while reading XML data. The nametable is a data structure used to store strings encountered during XML processing - long XML documents with non-repeating element names, attribute names and attribute values may trigger this quota. This quota may be increased by changing the MaxNameTableCharCount property on the XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas object used when creating the XML reader. I'm getting that error when trying to run the WCF (which is hosted in a windows service app).

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jQuery reports incorrect element height in Firefox iframe

- by Augustus

Here a short test to demonstrate my problem. I have a page that loads an iframe: <html> <head> <title></title> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.js"></script> </head> <body> <iframe id="iframe" src="box.html" style="width: 100px; height: 100px"></iframe> <script> $('#iframe').bind('load', function () { var div = $(this).contents().find('div'); alert(div.height()); alert(div.innerHeight()); alert(div.outerHeight()); alert(div.outerHeight(true)); }); </script> </body> </html> The iframe (box.html) contains a single styled div: <html> <head> <title></title> <style> div { height: 50px; width: 50px; margin: 5px; padding: 5px; border: 2px solid #00f; background-color: #f00; } </style> </head> <body> <div></div> </body> </html> The four alerts should return 50, 60, 64 and 74, respectively. This works as expected in Safari and Chrome. In FF 3.5.1, they all return 64. This is wrong. Does anyone know how I can force FF/jQuery to return the correct values?

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Loosely coupled implicit conversion

- by ltjax

Implicit conversion can be really useful when types are semantically equivalent. For example, imagine two libraries that implement a type identically, but in different namespaces. Or just a type that is mostly identical, except for some semantic-sugar here and there. Now you cannot pass one type into a function (in one of those libraries) that was designed to use the other, unless that function is a template. If it's not, you have to somehow convert one type into the other. This should be trivial (or otherwise the types are not so identical after-all!) but calling the conversion explicitly bloats your code with mostly meaningless function-calls. While such conversion functions might actually copy some values around, they essentially do nothing from a high-level "programmers" point-of-view. Implicit conversion constructors and operators could obviously help, but they introduce coupling, so that one of those types has to know about the other. Usually, at least when dealing with libraries, that is not the case, because the presence of one of those types makes the other one redundant. Also, you cannot always change libraries. Now I see two options on how to make implicit conversion work in user-code: The first would be to provide a proxy-type, that implements conversion-operators and conversion-constructors (and assignments) for all the involved types, and always use that. The second requires a minimal change to the libraries, but allows great flexibility: Add a conversion-constructor for each involved type that can be externally optionally enabled. For example, for a type A add a constructor: template <class T> A( const T& src, typename boost::enable_if<conversion_enabled<T,A>>::type* ignore=0 ) { *this = convert(src); } and a template template <class X, class Y> struct conversion_enabled : public boost::mpl::false_ {}; that disables the implicit conversion by default. Then to enable conversion between two types, specialize the template: template <> struct conversion_enabled<OtherA, A> : public boost::mpl::true_ {}; and implement a convert function that can be found through ADL. I would personally prefer to use the second variant, unless there are strong arguments against it. Now to the actual question(s): What's the preferred way to associate types for implicit conversion? Are my suggestions good ideas? Are there any downsides to either approach? Is allowing conversions like that dangerous? Should library implementers in-general supply the second method when it's likely that their type will be replicated in software they are most likely beeing used with (I'm thinking of 3d-rendering middle-ware here, where most of those packages implement a 3D vector).

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C++ include statement required if defining a map in a headerfile.

- by Justin

I was doing a project for computer course on programming concepts. This project was to be completed in C++ using Object Oriented designs we learned throughout the course. Anyhow, I have two files symboltable.h and symboltable.cpp. I want to use a map as the data structure so I define it in the private section of the header file. I #include <map> in the cpp file before I #include "symboltable.h". I get several errors from the compiler (MS VS 2008 Pro) when I go to debug/run the program the first of which is: Error 1 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'table' c:\users\jsmith\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\project2\project2\symboltable.h 22 Project2 To fix this I had to #include <map> in the header file, which to me seems strange. Here are the relevant code files: // symboltable.h #include <map> class SymbolTable { public: SymbolTable() {} void insert(string variable, double value); double lookUp(string variable); void init(); // Added as part of the spec given in the conference area. private: map<string, double> table; // Our container for variables and their values. }; and // symboltable.cpp #include <map> #include <string> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #include "symboltable.h" void SymbolTable::insert(string variable, double value) { table[variable] = value; // Creates a new map entry, if variable name already exist it overwrites last value. } double SymbolTable::lookUp(string variable) { if(table.find(variable) == table.end()) // Search for the variable, find() returns a position, if thats the end then we didnt find it. throw exception("Error: Uninitialized variable"); else return table[variable]; } void SymbolTable::init() { table.clear(); // Clears the map, removes all elements. }

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How do I call a function name that is stored in a hash in Perl?

- by Ether

I'm sure this is covered in the documentation somewhere but I have been unable to find it... I'm looking for the syntactic sugar that will make it possible to call a method on a class whose name is stored in a hash (as opposed to a simple scalar): use strict; use warnings; package Foo; sub foo { print "in foo()\n" } package main; my %hash = (func => 'foo'); Foo->$hash{func}; If I copy $hash{func} into a scalar variable first, then I can call Foo->$func just fine... but what is missing to enable Foo->$hash{func} to work? (EDIT: I don't mean to do anything special by calling a method on class Foo -- this could just as easily be a blessed object (and in my actual code it is); it was just easier to write up a self-contained example using a class method.) EDIT 2: Just for completeness re the comments below, this is what I'm actually doing (this is in a library of Moose attribute sugar, created with Moose::Exporter): # adds an accessor to a sibling module sub foreignTable { my ($meta, $table, %args) = @_; my $class = 'MyApp::Dir1::Dir2::' . $table; my $dbAccessor = lcfirst $table; eval "require $class" or do { die "Can't load $class: $@" }; $meta->add_attribute( $table, is => 'ro', isa => $class, init_arg => undef, # don't allow in constructor lazy => 1, predicate => 'has_' . $table, default => sub { my $this = shift; $this->debug("in builder for $class"); ### here's the line that uses a hash value as the method name my @args = ($args{primaryKey} => $this->${\$args{primaryKey}}); push @args, ( _dbObject => $this->_dbObject->$dbAccessor ) if $args{fkRelationshipExists}; $this->debug("passing these values to $class -> new: @args"); $class->new(@args); }, ); } I've replaced the marked line above with this: my $pk_accessor = $this->meta->find_attribute_by_name($args{primaryKey})->get_read_method_ref; my @args = ($args{primaryKey} => $this->$pk_accessor); PS. I've just noticed that this same technique (using the Moose meta class to look up the coderef rather than assuming its naming convention) cannot also be used for predicates, as Class::MOP::Attribute does not have a similar get_predicate_method_ref accessor. :(

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Calculating the Angle Between Two vectors Using Dot Product

- by P. Avery

I'm trying to calculate the angle between two vectors so that I can rotate a character in the direction of an object in 3D space. I have two vectors( character & object), loc_look, and modelPos respectively. For simplicity's sake I am only trying to rotate along the up axis...yaw. loc_look = D3DXVECTOR3 (0, 0, 1), modelPos = D3DXVECTOR3 (0, 0, 15); I have written this code which seems to be the correct calculations. My problem arises, seemingly, because the rotation I apply to the character's look vector(loc_look) exceeds the value of the object's position (modelPos). Here is my code: BOOL CEntity::TARGET() { if(graphics.m_model->m_enemy) { D3DXVECTOR3 modelPos = graphics.m_model->position; D3DXVec3Normalize(&modelPos, &modelPos); //D3DXVec3Normalize(&loc_look, &loc_look); float dot = D3DXVec3Dot(&loc_look, &modelPos); float yaw = acos(dot); BOOL neg = (loc_look.x > modelPos.x) ? true : false; switch ( neg ) { case false: Yaw(yaw); return true; case true: Yaw(-yaw); return true; } } else return false; } I rotate the character's orientation matrix with the following code: void CEntity::CalculateOrientationMatrix(D3DXMATRIX *orientationMatrix) { D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotY, &loc_up, loc_yaw); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_look, &loc_look, &rotY); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_right, &loc_right, &rotY); D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotX, &loc_right, loc_pitch); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_look, &loc_look, &rotX); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_up, &loc_up, &rotX); D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotZ, &loc_look, loc_roll); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_up, &loc_up, &rotZ); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&loc_right, &loc_right, &rotZ); *orientationMatrix *= rotX * rotY * rotZ; orientationMatrix->_41 = loc_position.x; orientationMatrix->_42 = loc_position.y; orientationMatrix->_43 = loc_position.z; //D3DXVec3Normalize(&loc_look, &loc_look); SetYawPitchRoll(0,0,0); // Reset Yaw, Pitch, & Roll Amounts } Also to note, the modelPos.x increases by 0.1 each iteration so the character will face the object as it moves along the x-axis... Now, when I run program, in the first iteration everything is fine(I haven't rotated the character yet). On the second iteration, the loc_look.x value is greater than the modelPos.x value(I rotated the character too much using the angle specified with the dot product calculations in the TARGET function). Therefore on the second iteration my code will rotate the character left to adjust for the difference in the vectors' x values... How can I tighten up the measurements so that I do not rotate my character's look vector by too great a value?

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Having trouble doing an Update with a Linq to Sql object

- by Pure.Krome

Hi folks, i've got a simple linq to sql object. I grab it from the database and change a field then save. No rows have been updated. :( When I check the full Sql code that is sent over the wire, I notice that it does an update to the row, not via the primary key but on all the fields via the where clause. Is this normal? I would have thought that it would be easy to update the field(s) with the where clause linking on the Primary Key, instead of where'ing (is that a word :P) on each field. here's the code... using (MyDatabase db = new MyDatabase()) { var boardPost = (from bp in db.BoardPosts where bp.BoardPostId == boardPostId select bp).SingleOrDefault(); if (boardPost != null && boardPost.BoardPostId > 0) { boardPost.ListId = listId; // This changes the value from 0 to 'x' db.SubmitChanges(); } } and here's some sample sql.. exec sp_executesql N'UPDATE [dbo].[BoardPost] SET [ListId] = @p6 WHERE ([BoardPostId] = @p0) AND .... <snip the other fields>',N'@p0 int,@p1 int,@p2 nvarchar(9),@p3 nvarchar(10),@p4 int,@p5 datetime,@p6 int',@p0=1276,@p1=212787,@p2=N'ttreterte',@p3=N'ttreterte3',@p4=1,@p5='2009-09-25 12:32:12.7200000',@p6=72 Now, i know there's a datetime field in this update .. and when i checked the DB it's value was/is '2009-09-25 12:32:12.720' (less zero's, than above) .. so i'm not sure if that is messing up the where clause condition... but still! should it do a where clause on the PK's .. if anything .. for speed! Yes / no ? UPDATE After reading nitzmahone's reply, I then tried playing around with the optimistic concurrency on some values, and it still didn't work :( So then I started some new stuff ... with the optimistic concurrency happening, it includes a where clause on the field it's trying to update. When that happens, it doesn't work. so.. in the above sql, the where clause looks like this ... WHERE ([BoardPostId] = @p0) AND ([ListId] IS NULL) AND ... <rest snipped>) This doesn't sound right! the value in the DB is null, before i do the update. but when i add the ListId value to the where clause (or more to the point, when L2S add's it because of the optomistic concurrecy), it fails to find/match the row. wtf?

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Problem in suspending 2 threads at the same time in MFC!

- by kiddo

I am learning about threading and multithreading..so i just created a small application in which i will update the progressbar and a static text using threading.I vl get two inputs from the user, start and end values for how long the loop should rotate.I have 2threads in my application. Thread1- to update the progressbar(according to the loop) the static text which will show the count(loop count). Thread2 - to update the another static text which will just diplay a name Basically if the user clicks start, the progressbar steps up and at the same time filecount and the name are displayed parallely. There's is another operation where if the user clicks pause it(thread) has to suspend until the user clicks resume. The problem is,the above will not work(will not suspend and resume) for both thread..but works for a singlw thread. Please check the code to get an idea and reply me what can done! on button click start void CThreadingEx3Dlg::OnBnClickedStart() { m_ProgressBar.SetRange(start,end); myThread1 = AfxBeginThread((AFX_THREADPROC)MyThreadFunction1,this); myThread2 = AfxBeginThread((AFX_THREADPROC)MyThreadFunction2,this); } thread1 UINT MyThreadFunction1(LPARAM lparam) { CThreadingEx3Dlg* pthis = (CThreadingEx3Dlg*)lparam; for(int intvalue =pthis->start;intvalue<=pthis->end; ++intvalue) { pthis->SendMessage(WM_MY_THREAD_MESSAGE1,intvalue); } return 0; } thread1 function LRESULT CThreadingEx3Dlg::OnThreadMessage1(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam) { int nProgress= (int)wparam; m_ProgressBar.SetPos(nProgress); CString strStatus; strStatus.Format(L"Thread1:Processing item: %d", nProgress); m_Static.SetWindowText(strStatus); Sleep(100); return 0; } thread2 UINT MyThreadFunction2(LPARAM lparam) { CThreadingEx3Dlg* pthis = (CThreadingEx3Dlg*)lparam; for(int i =pthis->start;i<=pthis->end;i++) { pthis->SendMessage(WM_MY_THREAD_MESSAGE2,i); } return 0; } thread2 function LRESULT CThreadingEx3Dlg::OnThreadMessage2(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam) { m_Static1.GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC6); m_Static1.SetWindowTextW(L"Thread2 Running"); Sleep(100); m_Static1.SetWindowTextW(L""); Sleep(100); return TRUE; } void CThreadingEx3Dlg::OnBnClickedPause() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here if(!m_Track) { m_Track = TRUE; GetDlgItem(IDCANCEL)->SetWindowTextW(L"Resume"); myThread1->SuspendThread(); WaitForSingleObject(myThread1->m_hThread,INFINITE); myThread2->SuspendThread(); m_Static.SetWindowTextW(L"Paused.."); } else { m_Track = FALSE; GetDlgItem(IDCANCEL)->SetWindowTextW(L"Pause"); myThread1->ResumeThread(); myThread2->ResumeThread(); /*myEventHandler.SetEvent(); WaitForSingleObject(myThread1->m_hThread,INFINITE);*/ } }

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Effective Data Validation

- by John Conde

What's an effective way to handle data validation, say, from a form submission? Originally I had a bunch of if statements that checked each value and collected invalid values in an array for later retrieval (and listing). // Store errors here $errors = array(); // Hypothetical check if a string is alphanumeric if (!preg_match('/^[a-z\d]+$/i', $fieldvalue)) { $errors[$fieldname] = 'Please only use letters and numbers for your street address'; } // etc... What I did next was create a class that handles various data validation scenarios and store the results in an internal array. After data validation was complete I would check to see if any errors occurred and handle accordingly: class Validation { private $errorList = array(); public function isAlphaNumeric($string, $field, $msg = '') { if (!preg_match('/^[a-z\d]+$/i', $string)) { $this->errorList[$field] = $msg; } } // more methods here public function creditCard($cardNumber, $field, $msg = '') { // Validate credit card number } // more methods here public function hasErrors() { return count($this->errorList); } } /* Client code */ $validate = new Validation(); $validate->isAlphaNumeric($fieldvalue1, $fieldname1, 'Please only use letters and numbers for your street address'); $validate->creditCard($fieldvalue2, $fieldname2, 'Please enter a valid credit card number'); if ($validate->hasErrors()) { // Handle as appropriate } Naturally it didn't take long before this class became bloated with the virtually unlimited types of data to be validated. What I'm doing now is using decorators to separate the different types of data into their own classes and call them only when needed leaving generic validations (i.e. isAlphaNumeric()) in the base class: class Validation { private $errorList = array(); public function isAlphaNumeric($string, $field, $msg = '') { if (!preg_match('/^[a-z\d]+$/i', $string)) { $this->errorList[$field] = $msg; } } // more generic methods here public function setError($field, $msg = '') { $this->errorList[$field] = $msg; } public function hasErrors() { return count($this->errorList); } } class ValidationCreditCard { protected $validate; public function __construct(Validation $validate) { $this->validate = $validate; } public function creditCard($cardNumber, $field, $msg = '') { // Do validation // ... // if there is an error $this->validate->setError($field, $msg); } // more methods here } /* Client code */ $validate = new Validation(); $validate->isAlphaNumeric($fieldvalue, $fieldname, 'Please only use letters and numbers for your street address'); $validateCC = new ValidationCreditCard($validate); $validateCC->creditCard($fieldvalue2, $fieldname2, 'Please enter a valid credit card number'); if ($validate->hasErrors()) { // Handle as appropriate } Am I on the right track? Or did I just complicate data validation more then I needed to?

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Avoiding explicit recursion in Haskell

- by Travis Brown

The following simple function applies a given monadic function iteratively until it hits a Nothing, at which point it returns the last non-Nothing value. It does what I need, and I understand how it works. lastJustM :: (Monad m) => (a -> m (Maybe a)) -> a -> m a lastJustM g x = g x >>= maybe (return x) (lastJustM g) As part of my self-education in Haskell I'm trying to avoid explicit recursion (or at least understand how to) whenever I can. It seems like there should be a simple non-explicitly recursive solution in this case, but I'm having trouble figuring it out. I don't want something like a monadic version of takeWhile, since it could be expensive to collect all the pre-Nothing values, and I don't care about them anyway. I checked Hoogle for the signature and nothing shows up. The m (Maybe a) bit makes me think a monad transformer might be useful here, but I don't really have the intuitions I'd need to come up with the details (yet). It's probably either embarrassingly easy to do this or embarrassingly easy to see why it can't or shouldn't be done, but this wouldn't be the first time I've used self-embarrassment as a pedagogical strategy. Background: Here's a simplified working example for context: suppose we're interested in random walks in the unit square, but we only care about points of exit. We have the following step function: randomStep :: (Floating a, Ord a, Random a) => a -> (a, a) -> State StdGen (Maybe (a, a)) randomStep s (x, y) = do (a, gen') <- randomR (0, 2 * pi) <$> get put gen' let (x', y') = (x + s * cos a, y + s * sin a) if x' < 0 || x' > 1 || y' < 0 || y' > 1 then return Nothing else return $ Just (x', y') Something like evalState (lastJustM (randomStep 0.01) (0.5, 0.5)) <$> newStdGen will give us a new data point.

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Should I create a unique clustered index, or non-unique clustered index on this SQL 2005 table?

- by Bremer

I have a table storing millions of rows. It looks something like this: Table_Docs ID, Bigint (Identity col) OutputFileID, int Sequence, int …(many other fields) We find ourselves in a situation where the developer who designed it made the OutputFileID the clustered index. It is not unique. There can be thousands of records with this ID. It has no benefit to any processes using this table, so we plan to remove it. The question, is what to change it to… I have two candidates, the ID identity column is a natural choice. However, we have a process which does a lot of update commands on this table, and it uses the Sequence to do so. The Sequence is non-unique. Most records only contain one, but about 20% can have two or more records with the same Sequence. The INSERT app is a VB6 piece of crud throwing thousands insert commands at the table. The Inserted values are never in any particular order. So the Sequence of one insert may be 12345, and the next could be 12245. I know that this could cause SQL to move a lot of data to keep the clustered index in order. However, the Sequence of the inserts are generally close to being in order. All inserts would take place at the end of the clustered table. Eg: I have 5 million records with Sequence spanning 1 to 5 million. The INSERT app will be inserting sequence’s at the end of that range at any given time. Reordering of the data should be minimal (tens of thousands of records at most). Now, the UPDATE app is our .NET star. It does all UPDATES on the Sequence column. “Update Table_Docs Set Feild1=This, Field2=That…WHERE Sequence =12345” – hundreds of thousands of these a day. The UPDATES are completely and totally, random, touching all points of the table. All other processes are simply doing SELECT’s on this (Web pages). Regular indexes cover those. So my question is, what’s better….a unique clustered index on the ID column, benefiting the INSERT app, or a non-unique clustered index on the Sequence, benefiting the UPDATE app?

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VBScript Can not Select XML nodes

- by urbanMethod

I am trying to Select nodes from some webservice response XML to no avail. For some reason I am able to select the root node ("xmldata") however, when I try to drill deeper("xmldata/customers") everything is returned empty! Below is the a sample of the XML that is returned by the webservice. <xmldata> <customers> <customerid>22506</customerid> <firstname>Jim</firstname> <issuperadmin>N</issuperadmin> <lastname>Jones</lastname> </customers> </xmldata> and here is the code I am trying to select customerid, firstname, and lastname; ' Send the Xml oXMLHttp.send Xml_to_Send ' Validate the Xml dim xmlDoc set xmlDoc = Server.CreateObject("Msxml2.DOMDocument") xmlDoc.load (oXMLHttp.ResponseXML.text) if(len(xmlDoc.text) = 0) then Xml_Returned = "<B>ERROR in Response xml:<BR>ERROR DETAILS:</B><BR><HR><BR>" end if dim nodeList Set nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("xmldata/customers") For Each itemAttrib In nodeList dim custID, custLname, custFname custID =itemAttrib.selectSingleNode("customerid").text custLname =itemAttrib.selectSingleNode("lastname").text custFname =itemAttrib.selectSingleNode("firstname").text response.write("News Subject: " & custID) response.write("<br />News Subject: " & custLname) response.write("<br />News Date: " & custFname) Next The result of the code above is zilch! nothing is written to the page. One strange thing is if I select the root element and get its length as follows; Set nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("xmldata") Response.Write(nodeList.length) '1 is written to page It correctly determines the length of 1. However when I try the same with the next node down as follows; Set nodeList2 = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("xmldata/customers") Response.Write(nodeList.length) '0 is written to page It returns a length of 0. WHY! Please note that this isn't the only way I have attempted to access the values of these nodes. I just can not work out what I am doing wrong. Could someone please help me out. Cheers.

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go programming POST FormValue can't be printed

- by poor_programmer

Before I being a bit of background, I am very new to go programming language. I am running go on Win 7, latest go package installer for windows. I'm not good at coding but I do like some challenge of learning a new language. I wanted to start learn Erlang but found go very interesting based on the GO I/O videos in youtube. I'm having problem with capturing POST form values in GO. I spend three hours yesterday to get go to print a POST form value in the browser and failed miserably. I don't know what I'm doing wrong, can anyone point me to the right direction? I can easily do this in another language like C#, PHP, VB, ASP, Rails etc. I have search the entire interweb and haven't found a working sample. Below is my sample code. Here is Index.html page {{ define "title" }}Homepage{{ end }} {{ define "content" }} <h1>My Homepage</h1> <p>Hello, and welcome to my homepage!</p> <form method="POST" action="/"> <p> Enter your name : <input type="text" name="username"> </P> <p> <button>Go</button> </form> <br /><br /> {{ end }} Here is the base page <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>{{ template "title" . }}</title> </head> <body> <section id="contents"> {{ template "content" . }} </section> <footer id="footer"> My homepage 2012 copy </footer> </body> </html> now some go code package main import ( "fmt" "http" "strings" "html/template" ) var index = template.Must(template.ParseFiles( "templates/_base.html", "templates/index.html", )) func GeneralHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { index.Execute(w, nil) if r.Method == "POST" { a := r.FormValue("username") fmt.Fprintf(w, "hi %s!",a); //<-- this variable does not rendered in the browser!!! } } func helloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { remPartOfURL := r.URL.Path[len("/hello/"):] fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello %s!", remPartOfURL) } func main() { http.HandleFunc("/", GeneralHandler) http.HandleFunc("/hello/", helloHandler) http.ListenAndServe("localhost:81", nil) } Thanks! PS: Very tedious to add four space before every line of code in stackoverflow especially when you are copy pasting. Didn't find it very user friendly or is there an easier way?

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KnockoutJS showing a sorted list by item category

- by Darksbane

I just started learning knockout this week and everything has gone well except for this one issue. I have a list of items that I sort multiple ways but one of the ways I want to sort needs to have a different display than the standard list. As an example lets say I have this code var BetterListModel = function () { var self = this; food = [ { "name":"Apple", "quantity":"3", "category":"Fruit", "cost":"$1", },{ "name":"Ice Cream", "quantity":"1", "category":"Dairy", "cost":"$6", },{ "name":"Pear", "quantity":"2", "category":"Fruit", "cost":"$2", },{ "name":"Beef", "quantity":"1", "category":"Meat", "cost":"$3", },{ "name":"Milk", "quantity":"5", "category":"Dairy", "cost":"$4", }]; self.allItems = ko.observableArray(food); // Initial items // Initial sort self.sortMe = ko.observable("name"); ko.utils.compareItems = function (l, r) { if (self.sortMe() =="cost"){ return l.cost > r.cost ? 1 : -1 } else if (self.sortMe() =="category"){ return l.category > r.category ? 1 : -1 } else if (self.sortMe() =="quantity"){ return l.quantity > r.quantity ? 1 : -1 }else { return l.name > r.name ? 1 : -1 } }; }; ko.applyBindings(new BetterListModel()); and the HTML <p>Your values:</p> <ul class="deckContents" data-bind="foreach:allItems().sort(ko.utils.compareItems)"> <li><div style="width:100%"><div class="left" style="width:30px" data-bind="text:quantity"></div><div class="left fixedWidth" data-bind="text:name"></div> <div class="left fixedWidth" data-bind="text:cost"></div> <div class="left fixedWidth" data-bind="text:category"></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></li> </ul> <select data-bind="value:sortMe"> <option selected="selected" value="name">Name</option> <option value="cost">Cost</option> <option value="category">Category</option> <option value="quantity">Quantity</option> </select> </div> So I can sort these just fine by any field I might sort them by name and it will display something like this 3 Apple $1 Fruit 1 Beef $3 Meat 1 Ice Cream $6 Dairy 5 Milk $4 Dairy 2 Pear $2 Fruit Here is a fiddle of what I have so far http://jsfiddle.net/Darksbane/X7KvB/ This display is fine for all the sorts except the category sort. What I want is when I sort them by category to display it like this Fruit 3 Apple $1 Fruit 2 Pear $2 Fruit Meat 1 Beef $3 Meat Dairy 1 Ice Cream $6 Dairy 5 Milk $4 Dairy Does anyone have any idea how I might be able to display this so differently for that one sort?

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