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• Why does my jQuery/YQL call not return anything?

  - by tastyapple

  I'm trying to access YQL with jQuery but am not getting a response: http://jsfiddle.net/tastyapple/grMb3/ Anyone know why? $(function(){ $.extend( { _prepareYQLQuery: function (query, params) { $.each( params, function (key) { var name = "#{" + key + "}"; var value = $.trim(this); if (!value.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) { value = '"' + value + '"'; } query = query.replace(name, value); } ); return query; }, yql: function (query) { var $self = this; var successCallback = null; var errorCallback = null; if (typeof arguments[1] == 'object') { query = $self._prepareYQLQuery(query, arguments[1]); successCallback = arguments[2]; errorCallback = arguments[3]; } else if (typeof arguments[1] == 'function') { successCallback = arguments[1]; errorCallback = arguments[2]; } var doAsynchronously = successCallback != null; var yqlJson = { url: "http://query.yahooapis.com/v1/public/yql", dataType: "jsonp", success: successCallback, async: doAsynchronously, data: { q: query, format: "json", env: 'store://datatables.org/alltableswithkeys', callback: "?" } } if (errorCallback) { yqlJson.error = errorCallback; } $.ajax(yqlJson); return $self.toReturn; } } ); $.yql( "SELECT * FROM github.repo WHERE id='#{username}' AND repo='#{repository}'", { username: "jquery", repository: "jquery" }, function (data) { if (data.results.repository["open-issues"].content > 0) { alert("Hey dude, you should check out your new issues!"); } } ); });

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• When using a repository is it possible for a type to return a Func that the repository uses to test for existing entities?

  - by Scott Rickman

  For example given a Factory with a method public static T Save<T>(T item) where T : Base, new() { /* item.Id == Guid.Empty therefore item is new */ if (item.Id == Guid.Empty && repository.GetAll<T>(t => t.Name == item.Name)) { throw new Exception("Name is not unique"); } } how do I create a property of Base (say MustNotAlreadyExist) so that I can change the method above to public static T Save<T>(T item) where T : Base, new() { /* item.Id == Guid.Empty therefore item is new */ if (item.Id == Guid.Empty && repository.GetAll<T>(t.MustNotAlreadyExist)) { throw new Exception("Name is not unique"); } } public class Base { ... public virtual Expression<Func<T, bool>> MustNotAlreadyExist() { return (b => b.Name == name); /* <- this clearly doesn't work */ } } and then how can I override MustNotAlreadyExist in Account : Base public class Account : Base { ... public override Expression<Func<T, bool>> MustNotAlreadyExist() { return (b => b.Name == name && b.AccountCode == accountCode); /* <- this doesn't work */ } ... }

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• Could I return a FileStream as a generic interface to a file?

  - by Eric

  I'm writing a class interface that needs to return references to binary files. Typically I would provide a reference to a file as a file path. However, I'm considering storing some of the files (such as a small thumbnail) in a database directly rather then on a file system. In this case I don't want to add the extra step of reading the thumbnail out of the database onto the disc and then returning a path to the file for my program to read. I'd want to stream the image directly out of the database into my program and avoid writing anything to the disc unless the user explicit wants to save something. Would having my interface return a FileStreamor even a Imagemake sense? Then it would be up to the implementing class to determine if the source of the FileStream or Image is a file on a disc or binary data in a database. public interface MyInterface { string Thumbnail {get;} string Attachment {get;} } vs public interface MyInterface { Image Thumbnail {get;} FileStream Attachment {get;} }

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• C++ overloading comparative operators for a MyString class

  - by Taylor Gang

  bool operator == (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(left.value == right.value) return true; else return false; } bool operator != (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(left == right) return false; else return true; } bool operator < (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(strcmp(left.value, right.value) == -1) return true; else return false; } bool operator > (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(strcmp(left.value, right.value) == 1) return true; else return false; } bool operator <= (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(strcmp(left.value, right.value) == -1 || strcmp(left.value, right.value) == 0) return true; else return false; } bool operator >= (const MyString& left, const MyString& right) { if(strcmp(left.value, right.value) == 1 || strcmp(left.value, right.value) == 0) return true; else return false; } So these are my implemented comparison operators for my MyString class, they fail the test program that my professor gave me and could use some direction. Thanks in advance for any and all help I receive.

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• Pass the return type as a parameter in java?

  - by jonderry

  I have some files that contain logs of objects. Each file can store objects of a different type, but a single file is homogeneous -- it only stores objects of a single type. I would like to write a method that returns an array of these objects, and have the array be of a specified type (the type of objects in a file is known and can be passed as a parameter). Roughly, what I want is something like the following: public static <T> T[] parseLog(File log, Class<T> cls) throws Exception { ArrayList<T> objList = new ArrayList<T>(); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(log); ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fis); try { Object obj; while (!((obj = in.readObject()) instanceof EOFObject)) { T tobj = (T) obj; objList.add(tobj); } } finally { in.close(); } return objList.toArray(new T[0]); } The above code doesn't compile (there's an error on the return statement, and a warning on the cast), but it should give you the idea of what I'm trying to do. Any suggestions for the best way to do this?

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• Implement two functions with the same name but different, non-covariant return types due to multiple abstract base classes

  - by user1508167

  If I have two abstract classes defining a pure virtual function with the same name, but different, non-covariant return types, how can I derive from these and define an implementation for both their functions? #include <iostream> class ITestA { public: virtual ~ITestA() {}; virtual float test() =0; }; class ITestB { public: virtual ~ITestB() {}; virtual bool test() =0; }; class C : public ITestA, public ITestB { public: /* Somehow implement ITestA::test and ITestB::test */ }; int main() { ITestA *a = new C(); std::cout << a->test() << std::endl; // should print a float, like "3.14" ITestB *b = dynamic_cast<ITestB *>(a); if (b) { std::cout << b->test() << std::endl; // should print "1" or "0" } delete(a); return 0; } As long as I don't call C::test() directly there's nothing ambiguous, so I think that it should work somehow and I guess I just didn't find the right notation yet. Or is this impossible, if so: Why?

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• Obj-msg-send error in numberOfSectionsInTableView

  - by mukeshpawar

  import "AddBillerCategoryViewController.h" import "Globals.h" import "AddBillerViewController.h" import "AddBillerListViewController.h" import"KlinnkAppDelegate.h" @implementation AddBillerCategoryViewController @synthesize REASON, RESPVAR, currentAttribute,tbldata,strOptions; // This recipe adds a title for each section //Initialize the table view controller with the grouped style (AddBillerCategoryViewController *) init { if (self = [super initWithStyle:UITableViewStyleGrouped]);// self.title = @"Crayon Colors"; return self; } -(void)showBack { [[self navigationController] pushViewController:[[AddBillerViewController alloc] init] animated:YES]; } (void)navigationController:(UINavigationController *)navigationController willShowViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated { if ([viewController isKindOfClass:[AddBillerCategoryViewController class]]) { AddBillerCategoryViewController *controller = (AddBillerCategoryViewController *)viewController; [controller.tbldata reloadData]; } } (void)viewDidLoad { appDelegate = (KlinnkAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; appDelegate.catListArray.count; // Uncomment the following line to display an Edit button in the navigation bar for this view controller. // self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.editButtonItem; //self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] // initWithTitle:@"Back" // style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain // target:self // action:@selector(showBack)] autorelease]; if(gotOK == 0) { //self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem.enabled = FALSE; dt = [[DateTime alloc] init]; strChannelID = @"IGLOO|MOBILE"; strDateTime = [dt findDateTime]; strTemp = [dt findSessionTime]; strSessionID = [appDelegate.KMobile stringByAppendingString:strTemp]; strResponseURL = @"http://115.113.110.139/Test/CbbpServerRequestHandler"; strResponseVar = @"serverResponseXML"; strRequestType = @"GETCATEGORY"; NSLog(@"Current Session id - %@", strSessionID); //conn = [[NSURLConnection alloc] init]; receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain]; //.................... currentAttribute = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; // create XMl xmlData = [[NSData alloc] init]; xmlData = [self createXML]; // XMl has been created now convert it in to string xmlString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:xmlData encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]; // Ataching other infromatin to he xml parameterString = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"mobileRequestXML="]; requestString = [[NSString alloc] init]; requestString = [parameterString stringByAppendingString:xmlString]; // give space betn two element. requestString = [requestString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"<" withString:@" <"]; // Initalizing other parameters postData = [requestString dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES]; postLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",[postData length]]; firstRequest = [[[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init] autorelease]; REASON = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; RESPVAR = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; NSLog(@"\n \n Sending for 1st time........\n"); [self sendRequest]; NSLog(@"\n \n Sending for 2nd time........\n"); [self sendRequest]; NSLog(@"\n \n both request send........\n \n "); } //[tbldata reloadData]; [self retain]; [super viewDidLoad]; } -(void)sendRequest { finished = FALSE; NSLog(@"\n Sending Request \n\n %@", requestString); conn = [[NSURLConnection alloc] init]; if(gotOK == 0) [firstRequest setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://115.113.110.139/Test/CbbpMobileRequestHandler"]]; if(gotOK == 1) { [firstRequest setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://115.113.110.139//secure"]]; gotOK = 2; } [firstRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"]; [firstRequest setValue:postLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"]; [firstRequest setValue:@"application/x-www-form-urlencoded" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"]; [firstRequest setHTTPBody:postData]; conn = [conn initWithRequest:firstRequest delegate:self startImmediately:YES]; [conn start]; while(!finished) { [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode beforeDate:[NSDate distantFuture]]; } if (conn) { //receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain]; NSLog(@"\n\n Received %d bytes of data",[receivedData length]); } else { NSLog(@"\n Not responding"); } } (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response { NSLog(@" \n Send didReciveResponse"); [receivedData setLength:0]; } (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data { NSLog(@" \n Send didReciveData"); [receivedData appendData:data]; } (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { finished = TRUE; NSLog(@" \n Send didFinishLaunching"); // do something with the data // receivedData is declared as a method instance elsewhere NSLog(@"\n\n Succeeded! DIDFINISH Received %d bytes of data\n\n ",[receivedData length]); NSString *aStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:receivedData encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]; NSLog(aStr); //[conn release]; if([aStr isEqualToString:@"OK"]) gotOK = 1; NSLog(@" Value of gotOK - %d", gotOK); if(gotOK == 2) { responseData = [aStr dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES]; parser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:responseData]; [parser setDelegate:self]; NSLog(@"\n start parsing"); [parser parse]; NSLog(@"\n PArsing over"); NSLog(@"\n check U / S and the RESVAR is - %@",RESPVAR); NSRange textRange; textRange =[aStr rangeOfString:@"<"]; if(textRange.location != NSNotFound) { if([RESPVAR isEqualToString:@"U"]) { self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem.enabled = TRUE; self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem.enabled = TRUE; NSLog(@" \n U......."); UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Error" message:REASON delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:nil otherButtonTitles:@"OK", nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; } if([RESPVAR isEqualToString:@"S"]) { NSLog(@"\n S........"); [[self navigationController] pushViewController:[[AddBillerCategoryViewController alloc] init] animated:YES]; //[self viewDidLoad]; //[tbldata reloadData]; } } else { UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Connection Problem" message:@"Enable to process your request at this time. Please try again." delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:nil otherButtonTitles:@"OK", nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; //self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem.enabled = TRUE; } } NSLog(@"\n Last line of connectionDidFinish "); //[tableView reloadData]; } -(NSData *)createXML { NSString *strXmlNode = @" channel alliaceid session reqtype responseurl responsevar "; NSString *tempchannel = [strXmlNode stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"channel" withString:strChannelID options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [strXmlNode length])]; NSString *tempalliance = [tempchannel stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"alliaceid" withString:@"WALLET365" options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [tempchannel length])]; NSString *tempsession = [tempalliance stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"session" withString:strSessionID options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [tempalliance length])]; NSString *tempreqtype = [tempsession stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"reqtype" withString:strRequestType options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0,[tempsession length])]; NSString *tempresponseurl = [tempreqtype stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"responseurl" withString:strResponseURL options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [tempreqtype length])]; NSString *tempresponsevar = [tempresponseurl stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"responsevar" withString:strResponseVar options:NSBackwardsSearch range:NSMakeRange(0,[tempresponseurl length])]; NSData *data= [[NSString stringWithString:tempresponsevar] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; return data; } (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict { if([elementName isEqualToString:@"RESPVAL"]) currentAttribute = [NSMutableString string]; if([elementName isEqualToString:@"REASON"]) currentAttribute = [NSMutableString string]; if([elementName isEqualToString:@"COUNT"]) currentAttribute = [NSMutableString string]; if([elementName isEqualToString:@"CATNAME"]) currentAttribute = [NSMutableString string]; } (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName { if([elementName isEqualToString:@"RESPVAL"]) { [RESPVAR setString:currentAttribute]; //NSLog(@"\n Response VAR - %@", RESPVAR); } if([elementName isEqualToString:@"REASON"]) { [REASON setString:currentAttribute]; //NSLog(@"\n Reason - %@", REASON); } if([elementName isEqualToString:@"COUNT"]) { NSString *temp1 = [[NSString alloc] init]; temp1 = [temp1 stringByAppendingString:currentAttribute]; catCount = [temp1 intValue]; [temp1 release]; //NSLog(@"\n Cat Count - %d", catCount); } if([elementName isEqualToString:@"CATNAME"]) { [appDelegate.catListArray addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:currentAttribute]]; //NSLog(@"%@", appDelegate.catListArray); } } (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string { if(self.currentAttribute) [self.currentAttribute setString:string]; } /* (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillAppear:animated]; } */ /* (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidAppear:animated]; } */ /* (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillDisappear:animated]; } */ /* (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidDisappear:animated]; } */ /* // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation. (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation { // Return YES for supported orientations return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait); } */ (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview // Release anything that's not essential, such as cached data } pragma mark Table view methods -(NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { return 1; } // Customize the number of rows in the table view. -(NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { KlinnkAppDelegate *appDelegated = (KlinnkAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; return appDelegated.catListArray.count; } // Customize the appearance of table view cells. (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; } // Set up the cell... AddBillerCategoryViewController *mbvc = (AddBillerCategoryViewController *)[appDelegate.catListArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; [cell setText:mbvc.strOptions]; return cell; } (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Navigation logic may go here. Create and push another view controller. // AnotherViewController *anotherViewController = [[AnotherViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"AnotherView" bundle:nil]; // [self.navigationController pushViewController:anotherViewController]; // [anotherViewController release]; gotOK = 0; int j = indexPath.row; appDelegate.catName = [[NSString alloc] init]; appDelegate.catName = [appDelegate.catName stringByAppendingString:[appDelegate.catListArray objectAtIndex:j]]; [[self navigationController] pushViewController:[[AddBillerListViewController alloc] init] animated:YES]; } /* // Override to support conditional editing of the table view. (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canEditRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the specified item to be editable. return YES; } */ /* // Override to support editing the table view. (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView commitEditingStyle:(UITableViewCellEditingStyle)editingStyle forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete) { // Delete the row from the data source [tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:[NSArray arrayWithObject:indexPath] withRowAnimation:YES]; } else if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleInsert) { // Create a new instance of the appropriate class, insert it into the array, and add a new row to the table view } } */ /* // Override to support rearranging the table view. (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView moveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)fromIndexPath toIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)toIndexPath { } */ /* // Override to support conditional rearranging of the table view. (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canMoveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the item to be re-orderable. return YES; } */ (void)dealloc { [REASON release]; [RESPVAR release]; [currentAttribute release]; [tbldata release]; [super dealloc]; } @end In the Above code .. numberOfSectionsInTableView ,i get error of obj-msg-send i have intialize the array catlist and even not released it anywhere still why i am getting this error please help me i am badly stuck' thanks in advacnce

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• Program crash on deque from queue

  - by SwedishGit

  My first question asked here, so please excuse if I fail to include something... I'm working on a homework project, which basically consists of creating a "Jukebox" (importing/exporting albums from txt files, creating and "playing" a playlist, etc.). I've become stuck on one point: When "playing" the playlist, which consists of a self-made Queue, a copy of it is made from which songs are dequeued and printed out with a time delay. This appears to run fine on the first run through the program, but if the "play" option is chosen again (with the same playlist, created from a different menu option), it crashes before managing to print the first song. It also crashes if creating a new playlist, but then it manages to print some songs (seem to depend on the number of songs in the first/new playlists...) before crashing. With printouts I've been able to track the crashing down to being on the "item = n-data" call in the deque function... but can't get my head around why this would crash. Below is the code I think should be relevant... let me know if there are other parts that would help if I include. Edit: The Debug Error shown on crash is: R6010 abort() has been called The method to play from the playlist: void Jukebox::playList() { if(songList.getNodes() > 0) { Queue tmpList(songList); Song tmpSong; while(tmpList.deque(tmpSong)) { clock_t temp; temp = clock () + 2 * CLOCKS_PER_SEC ; while (clock() < temp) {} } } else cout << "There are no songs in the playlist!" << endl; } Queue: // Queue.h - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-31 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifndef queue_h #define queue_h #include "Song.h" using namespace std; typedef Song Item; class Node; class Queue { private: Node *first; Node *last; int nodes; public: Queue():first(nullptr),last(nullptr),nodes(0){}; ~Queue(); void enque(Item item); bool deque(Item &item); int getNodes() const { return nodes; } void empty(); }; #endif // Queue.cpp - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-31 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include "queue.h" using namespace std; class Node { public: Node *next; Item data; Node (Node *n, Item newData) : next(n), data(newData) {} }; //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Funktionsdefinitioner för klassen Queue //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Destruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Queue::~Queue() { while(first!=0) { Node *tmp = first; first = first->next; delete tmp; } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Lägg till data sist i kön //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Queue::enque(Item item) { Node *pNew = new Node(0,item); if(getNodes() < 1) first = pNew; else last->next = pNew; last = pNew; nodes++; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Ta bort data först i kön //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ bool Queue::deque(Item &item) { if(getNodes() < 1) return false; //cout << "deque: test2" << endl; Node *n = first; //cout << "deque: test3" << endl; //cout << "item = " << item << endl; //cout << "first = " << first << endl; //cout << "n->data = " << n->data << endl; item = n->data; //cout << "deque: test4" << endl; first = first->next; //delete n; nodes--; if(getNodes() < 1) // Kön BLEV tom last = nullptr; return true; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Töm kön //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Queue::empty() { while (getNodes() > 0) { Item item; deque(item); } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Song: // Song.h - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-15 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifndef song_h #define song_h #include "Time.h" #include <string> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Song { private: string title; string artist; Time length; public: Song(); Song(string pTitle, string pArtist, Time pLength); // Setfunktioner void setTitle(string pTitle); void setArtist(string pArtist); void setLength(Time pLength); // Getfunktioner string getTitle() const { return title;} string getArtist() const { return artist;} Time getLength() const { return length;} }; ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Song &song); istream &operator>>(istream &is, Song &song); #endif // Song.cpp - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-15 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include "Song.h" #include "Constants.h" #include <iostream> //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Definiering av Songs medlemsfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Fövald konstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Song::Song() { } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Initieringskonstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Song::Song(string pTitle, string pArtist, Time pLength) { title = pTitle; artist = pArtist; length = pLength; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Setfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setTitle // Ange titel //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Song::setTitle(string pTitle) { title = pTitle; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setArtist // Ange artist //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Song::setArtist(string pArtist) { artist = pArtist; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setTitle // Ange titel //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Song::setLength(Time pLength) { length = pLength; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av utskriftsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Song &song) { os << song.getTitle() << DELIM << song.getArtist() << DELIM << song.getLength(); return os; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av inmatningsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- istream &operator>>(istream &is, Song &song) { string tmpString; Time tmpLength; getline(is, tmpString, DELIM); song.setTitle(tmpString); getline(is, tmpString, DELIM); song.setArtist(tmpString); is >> tmpLength; is.get(); song.setLength(tmpLength); return is; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Album: // Album.h - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-17 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifndef album_h #define album_h #include "Song.h" #include <string> #include <vector> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Album { private: string name; vector<Song> songs; public: Album(); Album(string pNameTitle, vector<Song> pSongs); // Setfunktioner void setName(string pName); // Getfunktioner string getName() const { return name;} vector<Song> getSongs() const { return songs;} int getNumberOfSongs() const { return songs.size();} Time getTotalTime() const; void addSong(Song pSong); bool operator<(const Album &album) const; }; ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Album &album); istream &operator>>(istream &is, Album &album); #endif // Album.cpp - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-17 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include "Album.h" #include "Constants.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Definiering av Albums medlemsfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Fövald konstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Album::Album() { } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Initieringskonstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Album::Album(string pName, vector<Song> pSongs) { name = pName; songs = pSongs; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Setfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setName // Ange namn //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Album::setName(string pName) { name = pName; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // addSong // Lägg till song //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Album::addSong(Song pSong) { songs.push_back(pSong); } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // getTotalTime // Returnera total speltid //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Time Album::getTotalTime() const { Time tTime(0,0,0); for(Song s : songs) { tTime = tTime + s.getLength(); } return tTime; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Mindre än //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- bool Album::operator<(const Album &album) const { return getTotalTime() < album.getTotalTime(); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av utskriftsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Album &album) { os << album.getName() << endl; os << album.getNumberOfSongs() << endl; for (size_t i = 0; i < album.getSongs().size(); i++) os << album.getSongs().at(i) << endl; return os; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av inmatningsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- istream &operator>>(istream &is, Album &album) { string tmpString; int tmpNumberOfSongs; Song tmpSong; getline(is, tmpString); album.setName(tmpString); is >> tmpNumberOfSongs; is.get(); for (int i = 0; i < tmpNumberOfSongs; i++) { is >> tmpSong; album.addSong(tmpSong); } return is; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time: // Time.h - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-15 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifndef time_h #define time_h #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Time { private: int hours; int minutes; int seconds; public: Time(); Time(int pHour, int pMinute, int pSecond); // Setfunktioner void setHour(int pHour); void setMinute(int pMinute); void setSecond(int pSecond); // Getfunktioner int getHour() const { return hours;} int getMinute() const { return minutes;} int getSecond() const { return seconds;} Time operator+(const Time &time) const; bool operator==(const Time &time) const; bool operator<(const Time &time) const; }; ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Time &time); istream &operator>>(istream &is, Time &Time); #endif // Time.cpp - Projekt-uppgift // Håkan Sjölin 2014-05-15 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include "Time.h" #include <iostream> //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Definiering av Times medlemsfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Fövald konstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Time::Time() { } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Initieringskonstruktor //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Time::Time(int pHour, int pMinute, int pSecond) { setHour(pHour); setMinute(pMinute); setSecond(pSecond); } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Setfunktioner //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setHour // Ange timme //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Time::setHour(int pHour) { if(pHour>-1) hours = pHour; else hours = 0; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setMinute // Ange minut //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Time::setMinute(int pMinute) { if(pMinute < 60 && pMinute > -1) { minutes = pMinute; } else minutes = 0; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // setSecond // Ange sekund //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ void Time::setSecond(int pSecond) { if(pSecond < 60 && pSecond > -1) { seconds = pSecond; } else seconds = 0; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av utskriftsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Time &time) { os << time.getHour()*3600+time.getMinute()*60+time.getSecond(); return os; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Överlagring av inmatningsoperatorn //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- istream &operator>>(istream &is, Time &time) { int tmp; is >> tmp; time.setSecond(tmp%60); time.setMinute((tmp/60)%60); time.setHour(tmp/3600); return is; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Likhet //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- bool Time::operator==(const Time &time) const { return hours == time.getHour() && minutes == time.getMinute() && seconds == time.getSecond(); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Mindre än //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- bool Time::operator<(const Time &time) const { if(hours == time.getHour()) { if(minutes == time.getMinute()) { return seconds < time.getSecond(); } else { return minutes < time.getMinute(); } } else { return hours < time.getHour(); } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Addition //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Time::operator+(const Time &time) const { return Time(hours+time.getHour() + (minutes+time.getMinute() + (seconds+time.getSecond())/60)/60, (minutes+time.getMinute() + (seconds+time.getSecond())/60)%60, (seconds+time.getSecond())%60); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Thanks in advance for any help! Edit2: Didn't think of including the more detailed crash info (as it didn't show in the crash pop-up, so to say). Anyway, here it is: Output: 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Users\Håkan\Documents\Studier - IT\Objektbaserad programmering i C++\Inlämningsuppgifter\Projekt\Jukebox\Debug\Jukebox.exe'. Symbols loaded. 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ntdll.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file. 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kernel32.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file. 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\KernelBase.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file. 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcp110d.dll'. Symbols loaded. 'Jukebox.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcr110d.dll'. Symbols loaded. The thread 0xe50 has exited with code 0 (0x0). Unhandled exception at 0x0083630C in Jukebox.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x0000003C. Call stack: > Jukebox.exe!Song::getLength() Line 27 C++ Jukebox.exe!operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char,std::char_traits<char> > & os, const Song & song) Line 59 C++ Jukebox.exe!Queue::deque(Song & item) Line 55 C++ Jukebox.exe!Jukebox::playList() Line 493 C++ Jukebox.exe!Jukebox::play() Line 385 C++ Jukebox.exe!Jukebox::run() Line 536 C++ Jukebox.exe!main() Line 547 C++ Jukebox.exe!__tmainCRTStartup() Line 536 C Jukebox.exe!mainCRTStartup() Line 377 C kernel32.dll!754d86e3() Unknown [Frames below may be incorrect and/or missing, no symbols loaded for kernel32.dll] ntdll.dll!7748bf39() Unknown ntdll.dll!7748bf0c() Unknown

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• How do implement a breadth first traversal?

  - by not looking for answer

  //This is what I have. I thought pre-order was the same and mixed it up with depth first! import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.Queue; public class Exercise25_1 { public static void main(String[] args) { BinaryTree tree = new BinaryTree(new Integer[] {10, 5, 15, 12, 4, 8 }); System.out.print("\nInorder: "); tree.inorder(); System.out.print("\nPreorder: "); tree.preorder(); System.out.print("\nPostorder: "); tree.postorder(); //call the breadth method to test it System.out.print("\nBreadthFirst:"); tree.breadth(); } } class BinaryTree { private TreeNode root; /** Create a default binary tree */ public BinaryTree() { } /** Create a binary tree from an array of objects */ public BinaryTree(Object[] objects) { for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) { insert(objects[i]); } } /** Search element o in this binary tree */ public boolean search(Object o) { return search(o, root); } public boolean search(Object o, TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return false; } if (root.element.equals(o)) { return true; } else { return search(o, root.left) || search(o, root.right); } } /** Return the number of nodes in this binary tree */ public int size() { return size(root); } public int size(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return 0; } else { return 1 + size(root.left) + size(root.right); } } /** Return the depth of this binary tree. Depth is the * number of the nodes in the longest path of the tree */ public int depth() { return depth(root); } public int depth(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return 0; } else { return 1 + Math.max(depth(root.left), depth(root.right)); } } /** Insert element o into the binary tree * Return true if the element is inserted successfully */ public boolean insert(Object o) { if (root == null) { root = new TreeNode(o); // Create a new root } else { // Locate the parent node TreeNode parent = null; TreeNode current = root; while (current != null) { if (((Comparable)o).compareTo(current.element) < 0) { parent = current; current = current.left; } else if (((Comparable)o).compareTo(current.element) > 0) { parent = current; current = current.right; } else { return false; // Duplicate node not inserted } } // Create the new node and attach it to the parent node if (((Comparable)o).compareTo(parent.element) < 0) { parent.left = new TreeNode(o); } else { parent.right = new TreeNode(o); } } return true; // Element inserted } public void breadth() { breadth(root); } // Implement this method to produce a breadth first // search traversal public void breadth(TreeNode root){ if (root == null) return; System.out.print(root.element + " "); breadth(root.left); breadth(root.right); } /** Inorder traversal */ public void inorder() { inorder(root); } /** Inorder traversal from a subtree */ private void inorder(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return; } inorder(root.left); System.out.print(root.element + " "); inorder(root.right); } /** Postorder traversal */ public void postorder() { postorder(root); } /** Postorder traversal from a subtree */ private void postorder(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return; } postorder(root.left); postorder(root.right); System.out.print(root.element + " "); } /** Preorder traversal */ public void preorder() { preorder(root); } /** Preorder traversal from a subtree */ private void preorder(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) { return; } System.out.print(root.element + " "); preorder(root.left); preorder(root.right); } /** Inner class tree node */ private class TreeNode { Object element; TreeNode left; TreeNode right; public TreeNode(Object o) { element = o; } } }

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• Help with Hibernate mapping

  - by GigaPr

  Hi i have the following classes public class RSS { private Integer id; private String title; private String description; private String link; private Date dateCreated; private Collection rssItems; private String url; private String language; private String rating; private Date pubDate; private Date lastBuildDate; private User user; private Date dateModified; public RSS() { } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public void setDescription(String description){ this.description = description; } public String getDescription(){ return this.description; } public void setLink(String link){ this.link = link; } public String getLink(){ return this.link; } public void setUrl(String url){ this.url = url; } public String getUrl(){ return this.url; } public void setLanguage(String language){ this.language = language; } public String getLanguage(){ return this.language; } public void setRating(String rating){ this.rating = rating; } public String getRating(){ return this.rating; } public Date getPubDate() { return pubDate; } public void setPubDate(Date pubDate) { this.pubDate = pubDate; } public Date getLastBuildDate() { return lastBuildDate; } public void setLastBuildDate(Date lastBuildDate) { this.lastBuildDate = lastBuildDate; } public Date getDateModified() { return dateModified; } public void setDateModified(Date dateModified) { this.dateModified = dateModified; } public Date getDateCreated() { return dateCreated; } public void setDateCreated(Date dateCreated) { this.dateCreated = dateCreated; } public Collection getRssItems() { return rssItems; } public void setRssItems(Collection rssItems) { this.rssItems = rssItems; } } public class RSSItem { private RSS rss; private Integer id; private String title; private String description; private String link; private Date dateCreated; private Date dateModified; private int rss_id; public RSSItem() {} public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } public String getLink() { return link; } public void setLink(String link) { this.link = link; } public Date getDateCreated() { return dateCreated; } public void setDateCreated(Date dateCreated) { this.dateCreated = dateCreated; } public Date getDateModified() { return dateModified; } public void setDateModified(Date dateModified) { this.dateModified = dateModified; } public RSS getRss() { return rss; } public void setRss(RSS rss) { this.rss = rss; } } that i mapped as <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.rssFeed.domain.RSS" schema="PUBLIC" table="RSS"> <id name="id" type="int"> <column name="ID"/> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="title" type="string"> <column name="TITLE" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="lastBuildDate" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="LASTBUILDDATE"/> </property> <property name="pubDate" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="PUBDATE" /> </property> <property name="dateCreated" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="DATECREATED" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="dateModified" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="DATEMODIFIED" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="description" type="string"> <column name="DESCRIPTION" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="link" type="string"> <column name="LINK" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="url" type="string"> <column name="URL" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="language" type="string"> <column name="LANGUAGE" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="rating" type="string"> <column name="RATING"/> </property> <set inverse="true" lazy="false" name="rssItems"> <key> <column name="RSS_ID"/> </key> <one-to-many class="com.rssFeed.domain.RSSItem"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.rssFeed.domain.RSSItem" schema="PUBLIC" table="RSSItem"> <id name="id" type="int"> <column name="ID"/> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="title" type="string"> <column name="TITLE" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="description" type="string"> <column name="DESCRIPTION" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="link" type="string"> <column name="LINK" not-null="true"/> </property> <property name="dateCreated" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="DATECREATED"/> </property> <property name="dateModified" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="DATEMODIFIED"/> </property> <many-to-one class="com.rssFeed.domain.RSS" fetch="select" name="rss"> <column name="RSS_ID"/> </many-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping> But when i try to fetch an RSS I get the following error Exception occurred in target VM: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.rssFeed.domain.RSS.rssItems, no session or session was closed org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.rssFeed.domain.RSS.rssItems, no session or session was closed at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:358) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationExceptionIfNotConnected(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:350) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.readSize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:97) at org.hibernate.collection.PersistentSet.size(PersistentSet.java:139) at com.rssFeed.dao.hibernate.HibernateRssDao.get(HibernateRssDao.java:47) at com.rssFeed.ServiceImplementation.RssServiceImplementation.get(RssServiceImplementation.java:46) at com.rssFeed.mvc.ViewRssController.handleRequest(ViewRssController.java:20) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter.handle(SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter.java:48) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:875) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:809) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:476) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:431) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:734) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:847) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.service(StandardWrapper.java:1523) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:279) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:188) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.invoke(StandardPipeline.java:641) at com.sun.enterprise.web.WebPipeline.invoke(WebPipeline.java:97) at com.sun.enterprise.web.PESessionLockingStandardPipeline.invoke(PESessionLockingStandardPipeline.java:85) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:185) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.doService(CoyoteAdapter.java:332) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:233) at com.sun.enterprise.v3.services.impl.ContainerMapper.service(ContainerMapper.java:165) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.invokeAdapter(ProcessorTask.java:791) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.doProcess(ProcessorTask.java:693) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.process(ProcessorTask.java:954) at com.sun.grizzly.http.DefaultProtocolFilter.execute(DefaultProtocolFilter.java:170) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.executeProtocolFilter(DefaultProtocolChain.java:135) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:102) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:88) at com.sun.grizzly.http.HttpProtocolChain.execute(HttpProtocolChain.java:76) at com.sun.grizzly.ProtocolChainContextTask.doCall(ProtocolChainContextTask.java:53) at com.sun.grizzly.SelectionKeyContextTask.call(SelectionKeyContextTask.java:57) at com.sun.grizzly.ContextTask.run(ContextTask.java:69) at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.doWork(AbstractThreadPool.java:330) at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.run(AbstractThreadPool.java:309) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) < what does it mean? Thanks

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• Cnoverting application to MVC architecture

  - by terence6

  I'm practicing writing MVC applications. I have a Mastermind game, that I would like to rewrite as MVC app. I have divided my code to parts, but instead of working game I'm getting empty Frame and an error in "public void paint( Graphics g )". Error comes from calling this method in my view with null argument. But how to overcome this ? MVC was quite simple with swing but awt and it's paint methods are much more complicated. Code of working app : http://paste.pocoo.org/show/224982/ App divided to MVC : Main : public class Main { public static void main(String[] args){ Model model = new Model(); View view = new View("Mastermind", 400, 590, model); Controller controller = new Controller(model, view); view.setVisible(true); } } Controller : import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class Controller implements MouseListener, ActionListener { private Model model; private View view; public Controller(Model m, View v){ model = m; view = v; view.addWindowListener( new WindowAdapter(){ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){ System.exit(0); } }); view.addMouseListener(this); } public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ) { if(e.getSource() == view.checkAnswer){ if(model.isRowFull){ model.check(); } } } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { Point mouse = new Point(); mouse = e.getPoint(); if (model.isPlaying){ if (mouse.x > 350) { int button = 1 + (int)((mouse.y - 32) / 50); if ((button >= 1) && (button <= 5)){ model.fillHole(button); } } } } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e){} public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {} } View : import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class View extends Frame implements ActionListener { Model model; JButton checkAnswer; private JPanel button; static final int HIT_X[] = {270,290,310,290,310}, HIT_Y[] = {506,496,496,516,516}; public View(String name, int w, int h, Model m){ model = m; setTitle( name ); setSize( w,h ); setResizable( false ); this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); button = new JPanel(); button.setSize( new Dimension(400, 100)); button.setVisible(true); checkAnswer = new JButton("Check"); checkAnswer.addActionListener(this); checkAnswer.setSize( new Dimension(200, 30)); button.add( checkAnswer ); this.add( button, BorderLayout.SOUTH); button.setVisible(true); for ( int i=0; i < model.SCORE; i++ ){ for ( int j = 0; j < model.LINE; j++ ){ model.pins[i][j] = new Pin(20,0); model.pins[i][j].setPosition(j*50+30,510-i*50); model.pins[i+model.SCORE][j] = new Pin(8,0); model.pins[i+model.SCORE][j].setPosition(HIT_X[j],HIT_Y[j]-i*50); } } for ( int i=0; i < model.LINE; i++ ){ model.pins[model.OPTIONS][i] = new Pin( 20, i+2 ); model.pins[model.OPTIONS][i].setPosition( 370,i * 50 + 56); } model.combination(); model.paint(null); } public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ) { } } Model: import java.awt.*; public class Model extends Frame{ static final int LINE = 5, SCORE = 10, OPTIONS = 20; Pin pins[][] = new Pin[21][LINE]; int combination[] = new int[LINE]; int curPin = 0; int turn = 1; int repaintPin; boolean isUpdate = true, isPlaying = true, isRowFull = false; public Model(){ } void fillHole(int color) { pins[turn-1][curPin].setColor(color+1); repaintPins( turn ); curPin = (curPin+1) % LINE; if (curPin == 0){ isRowFull = true; } } public void paint( Graphics g ) { g.setColor( new Color(238, 238, 238)); g.fillRect( 0,0,400,590); for ( int i=0; i < pins.length; i++ ) { pins[i][0].paint(g); pins[i][1].paint(g); pins[i][2].paint(g); pins[i][3].paint(g); pins[i][4].paint(g); } } public void update( Graphics g ) { if ( isUpdate ) { paint(g); } else { isUpdate = true; pins[repaintPin-1][0].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][1].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][2].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][3].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][4].paint(g); } } void repaintPins( int pin ) { repaintPin = pin; isUpdate = false; repaint(); } void check() { int junkPegs[] = new int[LINE], junkCode[] = new int[LINE]; int pegCount = 0, pico = 0; for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ) { junkPegs[i] = pins[turn-1][i].getColor(); junkCode[i] = combination[i]; } for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ if (junkPegs[i]==junkCode[i]) { pins[turn+SCORE][pegCount].setColor(1); pegCount++; pico++; junkPegs[i] = 98; junkCode[i] = 99; } } for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ for ( int j = 0; j < LINE; j++ ) if (junkPegs[i]==junkCode[j]) { pins[turn+SCORE][pegCount].setColor(2); pegCount++; junkPegs[i] = 98; junkCode[j] = 99; j = LINE; } } repaintPins( turn+SCORE ); if ( pico == LINE ){ isPlaying = false; } else if ( turn >= 10 ){ isPlaying = false; } else{ curPin = 0; isRowFull = false; turn++; } } void combination() { for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ combination[i] = 1 + (int)(Math.random()*5); System.out.print(i+","); } } } class Pin{ private int color, X, Y, radius; private static final Color COLORS[] = { Color.black, Color.white, Color.red, Color.yellow, Color.green, Color.blue, new Color(7, 254, 250)}; public Pin(){ X = 0; Y = 0; radius = 0; color = 0; } public Pin( int r,int c ){ X = 0; Y = 0; radius = r; color = c; } public void paint( Graphics g ){ int x = X-radius; int y = Y-radius; if (color > 0){ g.setColor( COLORS[color]); g.fillOval( x,y,2*radius,2*radius ); } else{ g.setColor( new Color(238, 238, 238) ); g.drawOval( x,y,2*radius-1,2*radius-1 ); } g.setColor( Color.black ); g.drawOval( x,y,2*radius,2*radius ); } public void setPosition( int x,int y ){ this.X = x ; this.Y = y ; } public void setColor( int c ){ color = c; } public int getColor() { return color; } } Any clues on how to overcome this would be great. Have I divided my code improperly ?

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• Converting application to MVC architecture

  - by terence6

  I'm practicing writing MVC applications. I have a Mastermind game, that I would like to rewrite as MVC app. I have divided my code to parts, but instead of working game I'm getting empty Frame and an error in "public void paint( Graphics g )". Error comes from calling this method in my view with null argument. But how to overcome this ? MVC was quite simple with swing but awt and it's paint methods are much more complicated. Code of working app : http://paste.pocoo.org/show/224982/ App divided to MVC : Main : public class Main { public static void main(String[] args){ Model model = new Model(); View view = new View("Mastermind", 400, 590, model); Controller controller = new Controller(model, view); view.setVisible(true); } } Controller : import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class Controller implements MouseListener, ActionListener { private Model model; private View view; public Controller(Model m, View v){ model = m; view = v; view.addWindowListener( new WindowAdapter(){ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){ System.exit(0); } }); view.addMouseListener(this); } public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ) { if(e.getSource() == view.checkAnswer){ if(model.isRowFull){ model.check(); } } } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { Point mouse = new Point(); mouse = e.getPoint(); if (model.isPlaying){ if (mouse.x > 350) { int button = 1 + (int)((mouse.y - 32) / 50); if ((button >= 1) && (button <= 5)){ model.fillHole(button); } } } } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e){} public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {} } View : import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class View extends Frame implements ActionListener { Model model; JButton checkAnswer; private JPanel button; static final int HIT_X[] = {270,290,310,290,310}, HIT_Y[] = {506,496,496,516,516}; public View(String name, int w, int h, Model m){ model = m; setTitle( name ); setSize( w,h ); setResizable( false ); this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); button = new JPanel(); button.setSize( new Dimension(400, 100)); button.setVisible(true); checkAnswer = new JButton("Check"); checkAnswer.addActionListener(this); checkAnswer.setSize( new Dimension(200, 30)); button.add( checkAnswer ); this.add( button, BorderLayout.SOUTH); button.setVisible(true); for ( int i=0; i < model.SCORE; i++ ){ for ( int j = 0; j < model.LINE; j++ ){ model.pins[i][j] = new Pin(20,0); model.pins[i][j].setPosition(j*50+30,510-i*50); model.pins[i+model.SCORE][j] = new Pin(8,0); model.pins[i+model.SCORE][j].setPosition(HIT_X[j],HIT_Y[j]-i*50); } } for ( int i=0; i < model.LINE; i++ ){ model.pins[model.OPTIONS][i] = new Pin( 20, i+2 ); model.pins[model.OPTIONS][i].setPosition( 370,i * 50 + 56); } model.combination(); model.paint(null); } public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ) { } } Model: import java.awt.*; public class Model extends Frame{ static final int LINE = 5, SCORE = 10, OPTIONS = 20; Pin pins[][] = new Pin[21][LINE]; int combination[] = new int[LINE]; int curPin = 0; int turn = 1; int repaintPin; boolean isUpdate = true, isPlaying = true, isRowFull = false; public Model(){ } void fillHole(int color) { pins[turn-1][curPin].setColor(color+1); repaintPins( turn ); curPin = (curPin+1) % LINE; if (curPin == 0){ isRowFull = true; } } public void paint( Graphics g ) { g.setColor( new Color(238, 238, 238)); g.fillRect( 0,0,400,590); for ( int i=0; i < pins.length; i++ ) { pins[i][0].paint(g); pins[i][1].paint(g); pins[i][2].paint(g); pins[i][3].paint(g); pins[i][4].paint(g); } } public void update( Graphics g ) { if ( isUpdate ) { paint(g); } else { isUpdate = true; pins[repaintPin-1][0].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][1].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][2].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][3].paint(g); pins[repaintPin-1][4].paint(g); } } void repaintPins( int pin ) { repaintPin = pin; isUpdate = false; repaint(); } void check() { int junkPegs[] = new int[LINE], junkCode[] = new int[LINE]; int pegCount = 0, pico = 0; for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ) { junkPegs[i] = pins[turn-1][i].getColor(); junkCode[i] = combination[i]; } for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ if (junkPegs[i]==junkCode[i]) { pins[turn+SCORE][pegCount].setColor(1); pegCount++; pico++; junkPegs[i] = 98; junkCode[i] = 99; } } for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ for ( int j = 0; j < LINE; j++ ) if (junkPegs[i]==junkCode[j]) { pins[turn+SCORE][pegCount].setColor(2); pegCount++; junkPegs[i] = 98; junkCode[j] = 99; j = LINE; } } repaintPins( turn+SCORE ); if ( pico == LINE ){ isPlaying = false; } else if ( turn >= 10 ){ isPlaying = false; } else{ curPin = 0; isRowFull = false; turn++; } } void combination() { for ( int i = 0; i < LINE; i++ ){ combination[i] = 1 + (int)(Math.random()*5); System.out.print(i+","); } } } class Pin{ private int color, X, Y, radius; private static final Color COLORS[] = { Color.black, Color.white, Color.red, Color.yellow, Color.green, Color.blue, new Color(7, 254, 250)}; public Pin(){ X = 0; Y = 0; radius = 0; color = 0; } public Pin( int r,int c ){ X = 0; Y = 0; radius = r; color = c; } public void paint( Graphics g ){ int x = X-radius; int y = Y-radius; if (color > 0){ g.setColor( COLORS[color]); g.fillOval( x,y,2*radius,2*radius ); } else{ g.setColor( new Color(238, 238, 238) ); g.drawOval( x,y,2*radius-1,2*radius-1 ); } g.setColor( Color.black ); g.drawOval( x,y,2*radius,2*radius ); } public void setPosition( int x,int y ){ this.X = x ; this.Y = y ; } public void setColor( int c ){ color = c; } public int getColor() { return color; } } Any clues on how to overcome this would be great. Have I divided my code improperly ?

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• Calling base class constructor

  - by The Void

  In the program below, is the line Derived(double y): Base(), y_(y) correct/allowed? That is, does it follow ANSI rules? #include <iostream> class Base { public: Base(): x_(0) { std::cout << "Base default constructor called" << std::endl; } Base(int x): x_(x) { std::cout << "Base constructor called with x = " << x << std::endl; } void display() const { std::cout << x_ << std::endl; } protected: int x_; }; class Derived: public Base { public: Derived(): Base(1), y_(1.2) { std::cout << "Derived default constructor called" << std::endl; } Derived(double y): Base(), y_(y) { std::cout << "Derived constructor called with y = " << y << std::endl; } void display() const { std::cout << Base::x_ << ", " << y_ << std::endl; } private: double y_; }; int main() { Base b1; b1.display(); Derived d1; d1.display(); std::cout << std::endl; Base b2(-9); b2.display(); Derived d2(-8.7); d2.display(); return 0; }

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• NLog Exception Details Renderer

  - by jtimperley

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/jtimperley/archive/2013/07/28/nlog-exception-details-renderer.aspxI recently switch from Microsoft's Enterprise Library Logging block to NLog.  In my opinion, NLog offers a simpler and much cleaner configuration section with better use of placeholders, complemented by custom variables. Despite this, I found one deficiency in my migration; I had lost the ability to simply render all details of an exception into our logs and notification emails. This is easily remedied by implementing a custom layout renderer. Start by extending 'NLog.LayoutRenderers.LayoutRenderer' and overriding the 'Append' method. using System.Text; using NLog; using NLog.Config; using NLog.LayoutRenderers;   [ThreadAgnostic] [LayoutRenderer(Name)] public class ExceptionDetailsRenderer : LayoutRenderer { public const string Name = "exceptiondetails";   protected override void Append(StringBuilder builder, LogEventInfo logEvent) { // Todo: Append details to StringBuilder } }   Now that we have a base layout renderer, we simply need to add the formatting logic to add exception details as well as inner exception details. This is done using reflection with some simple filtering for the properties that are already being rendered. I have added an additional 'Register' method, allowing the definition to be registered in code, rather than in configuration files. This complements by 'LogWrapper' class which standardizes writing log entries throughout my applications. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Reflection; using System.Text; using NLog; using NLog.Config; using NLog.LayoutRenderers;   [ThreadAgnostic] [LayoutRenderer(Name)] public sealed class ExceptionDetailsRenderer : LayoutRenderer { public const string Name = "exceptiondetails"; private const string _Spacer = "======================================"; private List<string> _FilteredProperties;   private List<string> FilteredProperties { get { if (_FilteredProperties == null) { _FilteredProperties = new List<string> { "StackTrace", "HResult", "InnerException", "Data" }; }   return _FilteredProperties; } }   public bool LogNulls { get; set; }   protected override void Append(StringBuilder builder, LogEventInfo logEvent) { Append(builder, logEvent.Exception, false); }   private void Append(StringBuilder builder, Exception exception, bool isInnerException) { if (exception == null) { return; }   builder.AppendLine();   var type = exception.GetType(); if (isInnerException) { builder.Append("Inner "); }   builder.AppendLine("Exception Details:") .AppendLine(_Spacer) .Append("Exception Type: ") .AppendLine(type.ToString());   var bindingFlags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public; var properties = type.GetProperties(bindingFlags); foreach (var property in properties) { var propertyName = property.Name; var isFiltered = FilteredProperties.Any(filter => String.Equals(propertyName, filter, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)); if (isFiltered) { continue; }   var propertyValue = property.GetValue(exception, bindingFlags, null, null, null); if (propertyValue == null && !LogNulls) { continue; }   var valueText = propertyValue != null ? propertyValue.ToString() : "NULL"; builder.Append(propertyName) .Append(": ") .AppendLine(valueText); }   AppendStackTrace(builder, exception.StackTrace, isInnerException); Append(builder, exception.InnerException, true); }   private void AppendStackTrace(StringBuilder builder, string stackTrace, bool isInnerException) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(stackTrace)) { return; }   builder.AppendLine();   if (isInnerException) { builder.Append("Inner "); }   builder.AppendLine("Exception StackTrace:") .AppendLine(_Spacer) .AppendLine(stackTrace); }   public static void Register() { Type definitionType; var layoutRenderers = ConfigurationItemFactory.Default.LayoutRenderers; if (layoutRenderers.TryGetDefinition(Name, out definitionType)) { return; }   layoutRenderers.RegisterDefinition(Name, typeof(ExceptionDetailsRenderer)); LogManager.ReconfigExistingLoggers(); } } For brevity I have removed the Trace, Debug, Warn, and Fatal methods. They are modelled after the Info methods. As mentioned above, note how the log wrapper automatically registers our custom layout renderer reducing the amount of application configuration required. using System; using NLog;   public static class LogWrapper { static LogWrapper() { ExceptionDetailsRenderer.Register(); }   #region Log Methods   public static void Info(object toLog) { Log(toLog, LogLevel.Info); }   public static void Info(string messageFormat, params object[] parameters) { Log(messageFormat, parameters, LogLevel.Info); }   public static void Error(object toLog) { Log(toLog, LogLevel.Error); }   public static void Error(string message, Exception exception) { Log(message, exception, LogLevel.Error); }   private static void Log(string messageFormat, object[] parameters, LogLevel logLevel) { string message = parameters.Length == 0 ? messageFormat : string.Format(messageFormat, parameters); Log(message, (Exception)null, logLevel); }   private static void Log(object toLog, LogLevel logLevel, LogType logType = LogType.General) { if (toLog == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("toLog"); }   if (toLog is Exception) { var exception = toLog as Exception; Log(exception.Message, exception, logLevel, logType); } else { var message = toLog.ToString(); Log(message, null, logLevel, logType); } }   private static void Log(string message, Exception exception, LogLevel logLevel, LogType logType = LogType.General) { if (exception == null && String.IsNullOrEmpty(message)) { return; }   var logger = GetLogger(logType); // Note: Using the default constructor doesn't set the current date/time var logInfo = new LogEventInfo(logLevel, logger.Name, message); logInfo.Exception = exception; logger.Log(logInfo); }   private static Logger GetLogger(LogType logType) { var loggerName = logType.ToString(); return LogManager.GetLogger(loggerName); }   #endregion   #region LogType private enum LogType { General } #endregion } The following configuration is similar to what is provided for each of my applications. The 'application' variable is all that differentiates the various applications in all of my environments, the rest has been standardized. Depending on your needs to tweak this configuration while developing and debugging, this section could easily be pushed back into code similar to the registering of our custom layout renderer.   <?xml version="1.0"?>   <configuration> <configSections> <section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/> </configSections> <nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <variable name="application" value="Example"/> <targets> <target type="EventLog" name="EventLog" source="${application}" log="${application}" layout="${message}${onexception: ${newline}${exceptiondetails}}"/> <target type="Mail" name="Email" smtpServer="smtp.example.local" from="[email protected]" to="[email protected]" subject="(${machinename}) ${application}: ${level}" body="Machine: ${machinename}${newline}Timestamp: ${longdate}${newline}Level: ${level}${newline}Message: ${message}${onexception: ${newline}${exceptiondetails}}"/> </targets> <rules> <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="EventLog" /> <logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="Email" /> </rules> </nlog> </configuration>   Now go forward, create your custom exceptions without concern for including their custom properties in your exception logs and notifications.

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• ASP.NET Frameworks and Raw Throughput Performance

  - by Rick Strahl

  A few days ago I had a curious thought: With all these different technologies that the ASP.NET stack has to offer, what's the most efficient technology overall to return data for a server request? When I started this it was mere curiosity rather than a real practical need or result. Different tools are used for different problems and so performance differences are to be expected. But still I was curious to see how the various technologies performed relative to each just for raw throughput of the request getting to the endpoint and back out to the client with as little processing in the actual endpoint logic as possible (aka Hello World!). I want to clarify that this is merely an informal test for my own curiosity and I'm sharing the results and process here because I thought it was interesting. It's been a long while since I've done any sort of perf testing on ASP.NET, mainly because I've not had extremely heavy load requirements and because overall ASP.NET performs very well even for fairly high loads so that often it's not that critical to test load performance. This post is not meant to make a point  or even come to a conclusion which tech is better, but just to act as a reference to help understand some of the differences in perf and give a starting point to play around with this yourself. I've included the code for this simple project, so you can play with it and maybe add a few additional tests for different things if you like. Source Code on GitHub I looked at this data for these technologies: ASP.NET Web API ASP.NET MVC WebForms ASP.NET WebPages ASMX AJAX Services  (couldn't get AJAX/JSON to run on IIS8 ) WCF Rest Raw ASP.NET HttpHandlers It's quite a mixed bag, of course and the technologies target different types of development. What started out as mere curiosity turned into a bit of a head scratcher as the results were sometimes surprising. What I describe here is more to satisfy my curiosity more than anything and I thought it interesting enough to discuss on the blog :-) First test: Raw Throughput The first thing I did is test raw throughput for the various technologies. This is the least practical test of course since you're unlikely to ever create the equivalent of a 'Hello World' request in a real life application. The idea here is to measure how much time a 'NOP' request takes to return data to the client. So for this request I create the simplest Hello World request that I could come up for each tech. Http Handler The first is the lowest level approach which is an HTTP handler. public class Handler : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; context.Response.Write("Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString()); } public bool IsReusable { get { return true; } } } WebForms Next I added a couple of ASPX pages - one using CodeBehind and one using only a markup page. The CodeBehind page simple does this in CodeBehind without any markup in the ASPX page: public partial class HelloWorld_CodeBehind : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Response.Write("Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString() ); Response.End(); } } while the Markup page only contains some static output via an expression:<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="false" CodeBehind="HelloWorld_Markup.aspx.cs" Inherits="AspNetFrameworksPerformance.HelloWorld_Markup" %> Hello World. Time is <%= DateTime.Now %> ASP.NET WebPages WebPages is the freestanding Razor implementation of ASP.NET. Here's the simple HelloWorld.cshtml page:Hello World @DateTime.Now WCF REST WCF REST was the token REST implementation for ASP.NET before WebAPI and the inbetween step from ASP.NET AJAX. I'd like to forget that this technology was ever considered for production use, but I'll include it here. Here's an OperationContract class: [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class WcfService { [OperationContract] [WebGet] public Stream HelloWorld() { var data = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Hello World" + DateTime.Now.ToString()); var ms = new MemoryStream(data); // Add your operation implementation here return ms; } } WCF REST can return arbitrary results by returning a Stream object and a content type. The code above turns the string result into a stream and returns that back to the client. ASP.NET AJAX (ASMX Services) I also wanted to test ASP.NET AJAX services because prior to WebAPI this is probably still the most widely used AJAX technology for the ASP.NET stack today. Unfortunately I was completely unable to get this running on my Windows 8 machine. Visual Studio 2012  removed adding of ASP.NET AJAX services, and when I tried to manually add the service and configure the script handler references it simply did not work - I always got a SOAP response for GET and POST operations. No matter what I tried I always ended up getting XML results even when explicitly adding the ScriptHandler. So, I didn't test this (but the code is there - you might be able to test this on a Windows 7 box). ASP.NET MVC Next up is probably the most popular ASP.NET technology at the moment: MVC. Here's the small controller: public class MvcPerformanceController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult HelloWorldCode() { return new ContentResult() { Content = "Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString() }; } } ASP.NET WebAPI Next up is WebAPI which looks kind of similar to MVC. Except here I have to use a StringContent result to return the response: public class WebApiPerformanceController : ApiController { [HttpGet] public HttpResponseMessage HelloWorldCode() { return new HttpResponseMessage() { Content = new StringContent("Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8, "text/plain") }; } } Testing Take a minute to think about each of the technologies… and take a guess which you think is most efficient in raw throughput. The fastest should be pretty obvious, but the others - maybe not so much. The testing I did is pretty informal since it was mainly to satisfy my curiosity - here's how I did this: I used Apache Bench (ab.exe) from a full Apache HTTP installation to run and log the test results of hitting the server. ab.exe is a small executable that lets you hit a URL repeatedly and provides counter information about the number of requests, requests per second etc. ab.exe and the batch file are located in the \LoadTests folder of the project. An ab.exe command line  looks like this: ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/api/HelloWorld which hits the specified URL 100,000 times with a load factor of 20 concurrent requests. This results in output like this:   It's a great way to get a quick and dirty performance summary. Run it a few times to make sure there's not a large amount of varience. You might also want to do an IISRESET to clear the Web Server. Just make sure you do a short test run to warm up the server first - otherwise your first run is likely to be skewed downwards. ab.exe also allows you to specify headers and provide POST data and many other things if you want to get a little more fancy. Here all tests are GET requests to keep it simple. I ran each test: 100,000 iterations Load factor of 20 concurrent connections IISReset before starting A short warm up run for API and MVC to make sure startup cost is mitigated Here is the batch file I used for the test: IISRESET REM make sure you add REM C:\Program Files (x86)\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin REM to your path so ab.exe can be found REM Warm up ab.exe -n100 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/MvcPerformance/HelloWorldJsonab.exe -n100 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/api/HelloWorldJson ab.exe -n100 -c20 http://localhost/AspNetPerf/WcfService.svc/HelloWorld ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/handler.ashx > handler.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/HelloWorld_CodeBehind.aspx > AspxCodeBehind.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/HelloWorld_Markup.aspx > AspxMarkup.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/AspNetPerf/WcfService.svc/HelloWorld > Wcf.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/MvcPerformance/HelloWorldCode > Mvc.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/api/HelloWorld > WebApi.txt I ran each of these tests 3 times and took the average score for Requests/second, with the machine otherwise idle. I did see a bit of variance when running many tests but the values used here are the medians. Part of this has to do with the fact I ran the tests on my local machine - result would probably more consistent running the load test on a separate machine hitting across the network. I ran these tests locally on my laptop which is a Dell XPS with quad core Sandibridge I7-2720QM @ 2.20ghz and a fast SSD drive on Windows 8. CPU load during tests ran to about 70% max across all 4 cores (IOW, it wasn't overloading the machine). Ideally you can try running these tests on a separate machine hitting the local machine. If I remember correctly IIS 7 and 8 on client OSs don't throttle so the performance here should be Results Ok, let's cut straight to the chase. Below are the results from the tests… It's not surprising that the handler was fastest. But it was a bit surprising to me that the next fastest was WebForms and especially Web Forms with markup over a CodeBehind page. WebPages also fared fairly well. MVC and WebAPI are a little slower and the slowest by far is WCF REST (which again I find surprising). As mentioned at the start the raw throughput tests are not overly practical as they don't test scripting performance for the HTML generation engines or serialization performances of the data engines. All it really does is give you an idea of the raw throughput for the technology from time of request to reaching the endpoint and returning minimal text data back to the client which indicates full round trip performance. But it's still interesting to see that Web Forms performs better in throughput than either MVC, WebAPI or WebPages. It'd be interesting to try this with a few pages that actually have some parsing logic on it, but that's beyond the scope of this throughput test. But what's also amazing about this test is the sheer amount of traffic that a laptop computer is handling. Even the slowest tech managed 5700 requests a second, which is one hell of a lot of requests if you extrapolate that out over a 24 hour period. Remember these are not static pages, but dynamic requests that are being served. Another test - JSON Data Service Results The second test I used a JSON result from several of the technologies. I didn't bother running WebForms and WebPages through this test since that doesn't make a ton of sense to return data from the them (OTOH, returning text from the APIs didn't make a ton of sense either :-) In these tests I have a small Person class that gets serialized and then returned to the client. The Person class looks like this: public class Person { public Person() { Id = 10; Name = "Rick"; Entered = DateTime.Now; } public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public DateTime Entered { get; set; } } Here are the updated handler classes that use Person: Handler public class Handler : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { var action = context.Request.QueryString["action"]; if (action == "json") JsonRequest(context); else TextRequest(context); } public void TextRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; context.Response.Write("Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString()); } public void JsonRequest(HttpContext context) { var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new Person(), Formatting.None); context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; context.Response.Write(json); } public bool IsReusable { get { return true; } } } This code adds a little logic to check for a action query string and route the request to an optional JSON result method. To generate JSON, I'm using the same JSON.NET serializer (JsonConvert.SerializeObject) used in Web API to create the JSON response. WCF REST   [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class WcfService { [OperationContract] [WebGet] public Stream HelloWorld() { var data = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Hello World " + DateTime.Now.ToString()); var ms = new MemoryStream(data); // Add your operation implementation here return ms; } [OperationContract] [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json,BodyStyle=WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)] public Person HelloWorldJson() { // Add your operation implementation here return new Person(); } } For WCF REST all I have to do is add a method with the Person result type.   ASP.NET MVC public class MvcPerformanceController : Controller { // // GET: /MvcPerformance/ public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult HelloWorldCode() { return new ContentResult() { Content = "Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString() }; } public JsonResult HelloWorldJson() { return Json(new Person(), JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } } For MVC all I have to do for a JSON response is return a JSON result. ASP.NET internally uses JavaScriptSerializer. ASP.NET WebAPI public class WebApiPerformanceController : ApiController { [HttpGet] public HttpResponseMessage HelloWorldCode() { return new HttpResponseMessage() { Content = new StringContent("Hello World. Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8, "text/plain") }; } [HttpGet] public Person HelloWorldJson() { return new Person(); } [HttpGet] public HttpResponseMessage HelloWorldJson2() { var response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); response.Content = new ObjectContent<Person>(new Person(), GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter); return response; } } Testing and Results To run these data requests I used the following ab.exe commands:REM JSON RESPONSES ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/Handler.ashx?action=json > HandlerJson.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/MvcPerformance/HelloWorldJson > MvcJson.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/aspnetperf/api/HelloWorldJson > WebApiJson.txt ab.exe -n100000 -c20 http://localhost/AspNetPerf/WcfService.svc/HelloWorldJson > WcfJson.txt The results from this test run are a bit interesting in that the WebAPI test improved performance significantly over returning plain string content. Here are the results:   The performance for each technology drops a little bit except for WebAPI which is up quite a bit! From this test it appears that WebAPI is actually significantly better performing returning a JSON response, rather than a plain string response. Snag with Apache Benchmark and 'Length Failures' I ran into a little snag with Apache Benchmark, which was reporting failures for my Web API requests when serializing. As the graph shows performance improved significantly from with JSON results from 5580 to 6530 or so which is a 15% improvement (while all others slowed down by 3-8%). However, I was skeptical at first because the WebAPI test reports showed a bunch of errors on about 10% of the requests. Check out this report: Notice the Failed Request count. What the hey? Is WebAPI failing on roughly 10% of requests when sending JSON? Turns out: No it's not! But it took some sleuthing to figure out why it reports these failures. At first I thought that Web API was failing, and so to make sure I re-ran the test with Fiddler attached and runiisning the ab.exe test by using the -X switch: ab.exe -n100 -c10 -X localhost:8888 http://localhost/aspnetperf/api/HelloWorldJson which showed that indeed all requests where returning proper HTTP 200 results with full content. However ab.exe was reporting the errors. After some closer inspection it turned out that the dates varying in size altered the response length in dynamic output. For example: these two results: {"Id":10,"Name":"Rick","Entered":"2012-09-04T10:57:24.841926-10:00"} {"Id":10,"Name":"Rick","Entered":"2012-09-04T10:57:24.8519262-10:00"} are different in length for the number which results in 68 and 69 bytes respectively. The same URL produces different result lengths which is what ab.exe reports. I didn't notice at first bit the same is happening when running the ASHX handler with JSON.NET result since it uses the same serializer that varies the milliseconds. Moral: You can typically ignore Length failures in Apache Benchmark and when in doubt check the actual output with Fiddler. Note that the other failure values are accurate though. Another interesting Side Note: Perf drops over Time As I was running these tests repeatedly I was finding that performance steadily dropped from a startup peak to a 10-15% lower stable level. IOW, with Web API I'd start out with around 6500 req/sec and in subsequent runs it keeps dropping until it would stabalize somewhere around 5900 req/sec occasionally jumping lower. For these tests this is why I did the IIS RESET and warm up for individual tests. This is a little puzzling. Looking at Process Monitor while the test are running memory very quickly levels out as do handles and threads, on the first test run. Subsequent runs everything stays stable, but the performance starts going downwards. This applies to all the technologies - Handlers, Web Forms, MVC, Web API - curious to see if others test this and see similar results. Doing an IISRESET then resets everything and performance starts off at peak again… Summary As I stated at the outset, these were informal to satiate my curiosity not to prove that any technology is better or even faster than another. While there clearly are differences in performance the differences (other than WCF REST which was by far the slowest and the raw handler which was by far the highest) are relatively minor, so there is no need to feel that any one technology is a runaway standout in raw performance. Choosing a technology is about more than pure performance but also about the adequateness for the job and the easy of implementation. The strengths of each technology will make for any minor performance difference we see in these tests. However, to me it's important to get an occasional reality check and compare where new technologies are heading. Often times old stuff that's been optimized and designed for a time of less horse power can utterly blow the doors off newer tech and simple checks like this let you compare. Luckily we're seeing that much of the new stuff performs well even in V1.0 which is great. To me it was very interesting to see Web API perform relatively badly with plain string content, which originally led me to think that Web API might not be properly optimized just yet. For those that caught my Tweets late last week regarding WebAPI's slow responses was with String content which is in fact considerably slower. Luckily where it counts with serialized JSON and XML WebAPI actually performs better. But I do wonder what would make generic string content slower than serialized code? This stresses another point: Don't take a single test as the final gospel and don't extrapolate out from a single set of tests. Certainly Twitter can make you feel like a fool when you post something immediate that hasn't been fleshed out a little more <blush>. Egg on my face. As a result I ended up screwing around with this for a few hours today to compare different scenarios. Well worth the time… I hope you found this useful, if not for the results, maybe for the process of quickly testing a few requests for performance and charting out a comparison. Now onwards with more serious stuff… Resources Source Code on GitHub Apache HTTP Server Project (ab.exe is part of the binary distribution)© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in ASP.NET  Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• help with fixing fwts errors log

  - by jasmines

  Here is an extract of results.log: MTRR validation. Test 1 of 3: Validate the kernel MTRR IOMEM setup. FAILED [MEDIUM] MTRRIncorrectAttr: Test 1, Memory range 0xc0000000 to 0xdfffffff (PCI Bus 0000:00) has incorrect attribute Write-Combining. FAILED [MEDIUM] MTRRIncorrectAttr: Test 1, Memory range 0xfee01000 to 0xffffffff (PCI Bus 0000:00) has incorrect attribute Write-Protect. ==================================================================================================== Test 1 of 1: Kernel log error check. Kernel message: [ 0.208079] [Firmware Bug]: ACPI: BIOS _OSI(Linux) query ignored ADVICE: This is not exactly a failure mode but a warning from the kernel. The _OSI() method has implemented a match to the 'Linux' query in the DSDT and this is redundant because the ACPI driver matches onto the Windows _OSI strings by default. FAILED [HIGH] KlogACPIErrorMethodExecutionParse: Test 1, HIGH Kernel message: [ 3.512783] ACPI Error : Method parse/execution failed [\_SB_.PCI0.GFX0._DOD] (Node f7425858), AE_AML_PACKAGE_LIMIT (20110623/psparse-536) ADVICE: This is a bug picked up by the kernel, but as yet, the firmware test suite has no diagnostic advice for this particular problem. Found 1 unique errors in kernel log. ==================================================================================================== Check if system is using latest microcode. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cannot read microcode file /usr/share/misc/intel-microcode.dat. Aborted test, initialisation failed. ==================================================================================================== MSR register tests. FAILED [MEDIUM] MSRCPUsInconsistent: Test 1, MSR SYSENTER_ESP (0x175) has 1 inconsistent values across 2 CPUs for (shift: 0 mask: 0xffffffffffffffff). MSR CPU 0 -> 0xf7bb9c40 vs CPU 1 -> 0xf7bc7c40 FAILED [MEDIUM] MSRCPUsInconsistent: Test 1, MSR MISC_ENABLE (0x1a0) has 1 inconsistent values across 2 CPUs for (shift: 0 mask: 0x400c51889). MSR CPU 0 -> 0x850088 vs CPU 1 -> 0x850089 ==================================================================================================== Checks firmware has set PCI Express MaxReadReq to a higher value on non-motherboard devices. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 1: Check firmware settings MaxReadReq for PCI Express devices. MaxReadReq for pci://00:00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03) is low (128) [Audio device]. MaxReadReq for pci://00:02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 5100 AGN [Shiloh] Network Connection is low (128) [Network controller]. FAILED [LOW] LowMaxReadReq: Test 1, 2 devices have low MaxReadReq settings. Firmware may have configured these too low. ADVICE: The MaxReadRequest size is set too low and will affect performance. It will provide excellent bus sharing at the cost of bus data transfer rates. Although not a critical issue, it may be worth considering setting the MaxReadRequest size to 256 or 512 to increase throughput on the PCI Express bus. Some drivers (for example the Brocade Fibre Channel driver) allow one to override the firmware settings. Where possible, this BIOS configuration setting is worth increasing it a little more for better performance at a small reduction of bus sharing. ==================================================================================================== PCIe ASPM check. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 2: PCIe ASPM ACPI test. PCIE ASPM is not controlled by Linux kernel. ADVICE: BIOS reports that Linux kernel should not modify ASPM settings that BIOS configured. It can be intentional because hardware vendors identified some capability bugs between the motherboard and the add-on cards. Test 2 of 2: PCIe ASPM registers test. WARNING: Test 2, RP 00h:1Ch.01h L0s not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, RP 00h:1Ch.01h L1 not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, Device 02h:00h.00h L0s not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, Device 02h:00h.00h L1 not enabled. PASSED: Test 2, PCIE aspm setting matched was matched. WARNING: Test 2, RP 00h:1Ch.05h L0s not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, RP 00h:1Ch.05h L1 not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, Device 85h:00h.00h L0s not enabled. WARNING: Test 2, Device 85h:00h.00h L1 not enabled. PASSED: Test 2, PCIE aspm setting matched was matched. ==================================================================================================== Extract and analyse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI). Test 1 of 2: Check Windows Management Instrumentation in DSDT Found WMI Method WMAA with GUID: 5FB7F034-2C63-45E9-BE91-3D44E2C707E4, Instance 0x01 Found WMI Event, Notifier ID: 0x80, GUID: 95F24279-4D7B-4334-9387-ACCDC67EF61C, Instance 0x01 PASSED: Test 1, GUID 95F24279-4D7B-4334-9387-ACCDC67EF61C is handled by driver hp-wmi (Vendor: HP). Found WMI Event, Notifier ID: 0xa0, GUID: 2B814318-4BE8-4707-9D84-A190A859B5D0, Instance 0x01 FAILED [MEDIUM] WMIUnknownGUID: Test 1, GUID 2B814318-4BE8-4707-9D84-A190A859B5D0 is unknown to the kernel, a driver may need to be implemented for this GUID. ADVICE: A WMI driver probably needs to be written for this event. It can checked for using: wmi_has_guid("2B814318-4BE8-4707-9D84-A190A859B5D0"). One can install a notify handler using wmi_install_notify_handler("2B814318-4BE8-4707-9D84-A190A859B5D0", handler, NULL). http://lwn.net/Articles/391230 describes how to write an appropriate driver. Found WMI Object, Object ID AB, GUID: 05901221-D566-11D1-B2F0-00A0C9062910, Instance 0x01, Flags: 00 Found WMI Method WMBA with GUID: 1F4C91EB-DC5C-460B-951D-C7CB9B4B8D5E, Instance 0x01 Found WMI Object, Object ID BC, GUID: 2D114B49-2DFB-4130-B8FE-4A3C09E75133, Instance 0x7f, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BD, GUID: 988D08E3-68F4-4C35-AF3E-6A1B8106F83C, Instance 0x19, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BE, GUID: 14EA9746-CE1F-4098-A0E0-7045CB4DA745, Instance 0x01, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BF, GUID: 322F2028-0F84-4901-988E-015176049E2D, Instance 0x01, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BG, GUID: 8232DE3D-663D-4327-A8F4-E293ADB9BF05, Instance 0x01, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BH, GUID: 8F1F6436-9F42-42C8-BADC-0E9424F20C9A, Instance 0x00, Flags: 00 Found WMI Object, Object ID BI, GUID: 8F1F6435-9F42-42C8-BADC-0E9424F20C9A, Instance 0x00, Flags: 00 Found WMI Method WMAC with GUID: 7391A661-223A-47DB-A77A-7BE84C60822D, Instance 0x01 Found WMI Object, Object ID BJ, GUID: DF4E63B6-3BBC-4858-9737-C74F82F821F3, Instance 0x05, Flags: 00 ==================================================================================================== Disassemble DSDT to check for _OSI("Linux"). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 1: Disassemble DSDT to check for _OSI("Linux"). This is not strictly a failure mode, it just alerts one that this has been defined in the DSDT and probably should be avoided since the Linux ACPI driver matches onto the Windows _OSI strings { If (_OSI ("Linux")) { Store (0x03E8, OSYS) } If (_OSI ("Windows 2001")) { Store (0x07D1, OSYS) } If (_OSI ("Windows 2001 SP1")) { Store (0x07D1, OSYS) } If (_OSI ("Windows 2001 SP2")) { Store (0x07D2, OSYS) } If (_OSI ("Windows 2006")) { Store (0x07D6, OSYS) } If (LAnd (MPEN, LEqual (OSYS, 0x07D1))) { TRAP (0x01, 0x48) } TRAP (0x03, 0x35) } WARNING: Test 1, DSDT implements a deprecated _OSI("Linux") test. ==================================================================================================== 0 passed, 0 failed, 1 warnings, 0 aborted, 0 skipped, 0 info only. ==================================================================================================== ACPI DSDT Method Semantic Tests. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP Failed to install global event handler. Test 22 of 93: Check _PSR (Power Source). ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 22, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_SB_.AC__._PSR'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. PASSED: Test 22, \_SB_.AC__._PSR correctly acquired and released locks 16 times. Test 35 of 93: Check _TMP (Thermal Zone Current Temp). ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 35, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_TZ_.DTSZ._TMP'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. PASSED: Test 35, \_TZ_.DTSZ._TMP correctly acquired and released locks 14 times. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 35, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_TZ_.CPUZ._TMP'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. PASSED: Test 35, \_TZ_.CPUZ._TMP correctly acquired and released locks 10 times. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 35, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_TZ_.SKNZ._TMP'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. PASSED: Test 35, \_TZ_.SKNZ._TMP correctly acquired and released locks 10 times. PASSED: Test 35, _TMP correctly returned sane looking value 0x00000b4c (289.2 degrees K) PASSED: Test 35, \_TZ_.BATZ._TMP correctly acquired and released locks 9 times. PASSED: Test 35, _TMP correctly returned sane looking value 0x00000aac (273.2 degrees K) PASSED: Test 35, \_TZ_.FDTZ._TMP correctly acquired and released locks 7 times. Test 46 of 93: Check _DIS (Disable). FAILED [MEDIUM] MethodShouldReturnNothing: Test 46, \_SB_.PCI0.LPCB.SIO_.COM1._DIS returned values, but was expected to return nothing. Object returned: INTEGER: 0x00000000 ADVICE: This probably won't cause any errors, but it should be fixed as the AML code is not conforming to the expected behaviour as described in the ACPI specification. FAILED [MEDIUM] MethodShouldReturnNothing: Test 46, \_SB_.PCI0.LPCB.SIO_.LPT0._DIS returned values, but was expected to return nothing. Object returned: INTEGER: 0x00000000 ADVICE: This probably won't cause any errors, but it should be fixed as the AML code is not conforming to the expected behaviour as described in the ACPI specification. Test 61 of 93: Check _WAK (System Wake). Test _WAK(1) System Wake, State S1. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 61, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_WAK'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. Test _WAK(2) System Wake, State S2. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 61, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_WAK'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. Test _WAK(3) System Wake, State S3. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 61, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_WAK'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. Test _WAK(4) System Wake, State S4. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 61, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_WAK'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. Test _WAK(5) System Wake, State S5. ACPICA Exception AE_AML_INFINITE_LOOP during execution of method COMP WARNING: Test 61, Detected an infinite loop when evaluating method '\_WAK'. ADVICE: This may occur because we are emulating the execution in this test environment and cannot handshake with the embedded controller or jump to the BIOS via SMIs. However, the fact that AML code spins forever means that lockup conditions are not being checked for in the AML bytecode. Test 87 of 93: Check _BCL (Query List of Brightness Control Levels Supported). Package has 2 elements: 00: INTEGER: 0x00000000 01: INTEGER: 0x00000000 FAILED [MEDIUM] Method_BCLElementCount: Test 87, Method _BCL should return a package of more than 2 integers, got just 2. Test 88 of 93: Check _BCM (Set Brightness Level). ACPICA Exception AE_AML_PACKAGE_LIMIT during execution of method _BCM FAILED [CRITICAL] AEAMLPackgeLimit: Test 88, Detected error 'Package limit' when evaluating '\_SB_.PCI0.GFX0.DD02._BCM'. ==================================================================================================== ACPI table settings sanity checks. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 1: Check ACPI tables. PASSED: Test 1, Table APIC passed. Table ECDT not present to check. FAILED [MEDIUM] FADT32And64BothDefined: Test 1, FADT 32 bit FIRMWARE_CONTROL is non-zero, and X_FIRMWARE_CONTROL is also non-zero. Section 5.2.9 of the ACPI specification states that if the FIRMWARE_CONTROL is non-zero then X_FIRMWARE_CONTROL must be set to zero. ADVICE: The FADT FIRMWARE_CTRL is a 32 bit pointer that points to the physical memory address of the Firmware ACPI Control Structure (FACS). There is also an extended 64 bit version of this, the X_FIRMWARE_CTRL pointer that also can point to the FACS. Section 5.2.9 of the ACPI specification states that if the X_FIRMWARE_CTRL field contains a non zero value then the FIRMWARE_CTRL field *must* be zero. This error is also detected by the Linux kernel. If FIRMWARE_CTRL and X_FIRMWARE_CTRL are defined, then the kernel just uses the 64 bit version of the pointer. PASSED: Test 1, Table HPET passed. PASSED: Test 1, Table MCFG passed. PASSED: Test 1, Table RSDT passed. PASSED: Test 1, Table RSDP passed. Table SBST not present to check. PASSED: Test 1, Table XSDT passed. ==================================================================================================== Re-assemble DSDT and find syntax errors and warnings. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 2: Disassemble and reassemble DSDT FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError4043: Test 1, Assembler error in line 2261 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 02258| 0x00000000, // Range Minimum 02259| 0xFEDFFFFF, // Range Maximum 02260| 0x00000000, // Translation Offset 02261| 0x00000000, // Length | ^ | error 4043: Invalid combination of Length and Min/Max fixed flags 02262| ,, _Y0E, AddressRangeMemory, TypeStatic) 02263| DWordMemory (ResourceProducer, PosDecode, MinFixed, MaxFixed, Cacheable, ReadWrite, 02264| 0x00000000, // Granularity ==================================================================================================== ADVICE: (for error #4043): This occurs if the length is zero and just one of the resource MIF/MAF flags are set, or the length is non-zero and resource MIF/MAF flags are both set. These are illegal combinations and need to be fixed. See section 6.4.3.5 Address Space Resource Descriptors of version 4.0a of the ACPI specification for more details. FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError4050: Test 1, Assembler error in line 2268 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 02265| 0xFEE01000, // Range Minimum 02266| 0xFFFFFFFF, // Range Maximum 02267| 0x00000000, // Translation Offset 02268| 0x011FEFFF, // Length | ^ | error 4050: Length is not equal to fixed Min/Max window 02269| ,, , AddressRangeMemory, TypeStatic) 02270| }) 02271| Method (_CRS, 0, Serialized) ==================================================================================================== ADVICE: (for error #4050): The minimum address is greater than the maximum address. This is illegal. FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 1, Assembler error in line 8885 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 08882| Method (_DIS, 0, NotSerialized) 08883| { 08884| DSOD (0x02) 08885| Return (0x00) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_DIS) 08886| } 08887| 08888| Method (_SRS, 1, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 1, Assembler error in line 9195 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09192| Method (_DIS, 0, NotSerialized) 09193| { 09194| DSOD (0x01) 09195| Return (0x00) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_DIS) 09196| } 09197| 09198| Method (_SRS, 1, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1127: Test 1, Assembler error in line 9242 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09239| CreateWordField (CRES, \_SB.PCI0.LPCB.SIO.LPT0._CRS._Y21._MAX, MAX2) 09240| CreateByteField (CRES, \_SB.PCI0.LPCB.SIO.LPT0._CRS._Y21._LEN, LEN2) 09241| CreateWordField (CRES, \_SB.PCI0.LPCB.SIO.LPT0._CRS._Y22._INT, IRQ0) 09242| CreateWordField (CRES, \_SB.PCI0.LPCB.SIO.LPT0._CRS._Y23._DMA, DMA0) | ^ | warning level 0 1127: ResourceTag smaller than Field (Tag: 8 bits, Field: 16 bits) 09243| If (RLPD) 09244| { 09245| Store (0x00, Local0) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1128: Test 1, Assembler error in line 18682 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18679| Store (0x01, Index (DerefOf (Index (Local0, 0x02)), 0x01)) 18680| If (And (WDPE, 0x40)) 18681| { 18682| Wait (\_SB.BEVT, 0x10) | ^ | warning level 0 1128: Result is not used, possible operator timeout will be missed 18683| } 18684| 18685| Store (BRID, Index (DerefOf (Index (Local0, 0x02)), 0x02)) ==================================================================================================== ADVICE: (for warning level 0 #1128): The operation can possibly timeout, and hence the return value indicates an timeout error. However, because the return value is not checked this very probably indicates that the code is buggy. A possible scenario is that a mutex times out and the code attempts to access data in a critical region when it should not. This will lead to undefined behaviour. This should be fixed. Table DSDT (0) reassembly: Found 2 errors, 4 warnings. Test 2 of 2: Disassemble and reassemble SSDT PASSED: Test 2, SSDT (0) reassembly, Found 0 errors, 0 warnings. FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 2, Assembler error in line 60 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00057| { 00058| Store (CPDC (Arg0), Local0) 00059| GCAP (Local0) 00060| Return (Local0) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_PDC) 00061| } 00062| 00063| Method (_OSC, 4, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 2, Assembler error in line 174 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00171| { 00172| Store (\_PR.CPU0.CPDC (Arg0), Local0) 00173| GCAP (Local0) 00174| Return (Local0) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_PDC) 00175| } 00176| 00177| Method (_OSC, 4, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 2, Assembler error in line 244 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00241| { 00242| Store (\_PR.CPU0.CPDC (Arg0), Local0) 00243| GCAP (Local0) 00244| Return (Local0) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_PDC) 00245| } 00246| 00247| Method (_OSC, 4, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== FAILED [HIGH] AMLAssemblerError1104: Test 2, Assembler error in line 290 Line | AML source ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 00287| { 00288| Store (\_PR.CPU0.CPDC (Arg0), Local0) 00289| GCAP (Local0) 00290| Return (Local0) | ^ | warning level 0 1104: Reserved method should not return a value (_PDC) 00291| } 00292| 00293| Method (_OSC, 4, NotSerialized) ==================================================================================================== Table SSDT (1) reassembly: Found 0 errors, 4 warnings. PASSED: Test 2, SSDT (2) reassembly, Found 0 errors, 0 warnings. PASSED: Test 2, SSDT (3) reassembly, Found 0 errors, 0 warnings. ==================================================================================================== 3 passed, 10 failed, 0 warnings, 0 aborted, 0 skipped, 0 info only. ==================================================================================================== Critical failures: 1 method test, at 1 log line: 1449: Detected error 'Package limit' when evaluating '\_SB_.PCI0.GFX0.DD02._BCM'. High failures: 11 klog test, at 1 log line: 121: HIGH Kernel message: [ 3.512783] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed [\_SB_.PCI0.GFX0._DOD] (Node f7425858), AE_AML_PACKAGE_LIMIT (20110623/psparse-536) syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1668: Assembler error in line 2261 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1687: Assembler error in line 2268 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1703: Assembler error in line 8885 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1716: Assembler error in line 9195 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1729: Assembler error in line 9242 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1742: Assembler error in line 18682 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1766: Assembler error in line 60 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1779: Assembler error in line 174 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1792: Assembler error in line 244 syntaxcheck test, at 1 log line: 1805: Assembler error in line 290 Medium failures: 9 mtrr test, at 1 log line: 76: Memory range 0xc0000000 to 0xdfffffff (PCI Bus 0000:00) has incorrect attribute Write-Combining. mtrr test, at 1 log line: 78: Memory range 0xfee01000 to 0xffffffff (PCI Bus 0000:00) has incorrect attribute Write-Protect. msr test, at 1 log line: 165: MSR SYSENTER_ESP (0x175) has 1 inconsistent values across 2 CPUs for (shift: 0 mask: 0xffffffffffffffff). msr test, at 1 log line: 173: MSR MISC_ENABLE (0x1a0) has 1 inconsistent values across 2 CPUs for (shift: 0 mask: 0x400c51889). wmi test, at 1 log line: 528: GUID 2B814318-4BE8-4707-9D84-A190A859B5D0 is unknown to the kernel, a driver may need to be implemented for this GUID. method test, at 1 log line: 1002: \_SB_.PCI0.LPCB.SIO_.COM1._DIS returned values, but was expected to return nothing. method test, at 1 log line: 1011: \_SB_.PCI0.LPCB.SIO_.LPT0._DIS returned values, but was expected to return nothing. method test, at 1 log line: 1443: Method _BCL should return a package of more than 2 integers, got just 2. acpitables test, at 1 log line: 1643: FADT 32 bit FIRMWARE_CONTROL is non-zero, and X_FIRMWARE_CONTROL is also non-zero. Se

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• A simple Dynamic Proxy

  - by Abhijeet Patel

  Frameworks such as EF4 and MOQ do what most developers consider "dark magic". For instance in EF4, when you use a POCO for an entity you can opt-in to get behaviors such as "lazy-loading" and "change tracking" at runtime merely by ensuring that your type has the following characteristics: The class must be public and not sealed. The class must have a public or protected parameter-less constructor. The class must have public or protected properties Adhere to this and your type is magically endowed with these behaviors without any additional programming on your part. Behind the scenes the framework subclasses your type at runtime and creates a "dynamic proxy" which has these additional behaviors and when you navigate properties of your POCO, the framework replaces the POCO type with derived type instances. The MOQ framework does simlar magic. Let's say you have a simple interface:   public interface IFoo      {          int GetNum();      }   We can verify that the GetNum() was invoked on a mock like so:   var mock = new Mock<IFoo>(MockBehavior.Default);   mock.Setup(f => f.GetNum());   var num = mock.Object.GetNum();   mock.Verify(f => f.GetNum());   Beind the scenes the MOQ framework is generating a dynamic proxy by implementing IFoo at runtime. the call to moq.Object returns the dynamic proxy on which we then call "GetNum" and then verify that this method was invoked. No dark magic at all, just clever programming is what's going on here, just not visible and hence appears magical! Let's create a simple dynamic proxy generator which accepts an interface type and dynamically creates a proxy implementing the interface type specified at runtime.     public static class DynamicProxyGenerator   {       public static T GetInstanceFor<T>()       {           Type typeOfT = typeof(T);           var methodInfos = typeOfT.GetMethods();           AssemblyName assName = new AssemblyName("testAssembly");           var assBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);           var moduleBuilder = assBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("testModule", "test.dll");           var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(typeOfT.Name + "Proxy", TypeAttributes.Public);              typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeOfT);           var ctorBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor(                     MethodAttributes.Public,                     CallingConventions.Standard,                     new Type[] { });           var ilGenerator = ctorBuilder.GetILGenerator();           ilGenerator.EmitWriteLine("Creating Proxy instance");           ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);           foreach (var methodInfo in methodInfos)           {               var methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(                   methodInfo.Name,                   MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual,                   methodInfo.ReturnType,                   methodInfo.GetParameters().Select(p => p.GetType()).ToArray()                   );               var methodILGen = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator();               methodILGen.EmitWriteLine("I'm a proxy");               if (methodInfo.ReturnType == typeof(void))               {                   methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);               }               else               {                   if (methodInfo.ReturnType.IsValueType || methodInfo.ReturnType.IsEnum)                   {                       MethodInfo getMethod = typeof(Activator).GetMethod(/span>"CreateInstance",new Type[]{typeof((Type)});                                               LocalBuilder lb = methodILGen.DeclareLocal(methodInfo.ReturnType);                       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldtoken, lb.LocalType);                       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeofype).GetMethod("GetTypeFromHandle"));  ));                       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod);                       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, lb.LocalType);                                                              }                 else                   {                       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);                   }                   methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);               }               typeBuilder.DefineMethodOverride(methodBuilder, methodInfo);           }                     Type constructedType = typeBuilder.CreateType();           var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(constructedType);           return (T)instance;       }   }   Dynamic proxies are created by calling into the following main types: AssemblyBuilder, TypeBuilder, Modulebuilder and ILGenerator. These types enable dynamically creating an assembly and emitting .NET modules and types in that assembly, all using IL instructions. Let's break down the code above a bit and examine it piece by piece                Type typeOfT = typeof(T);              var methodInfos = typeOfT.GetMethods();              AssemblyName assName = new AssemblyName("testAssembly");              var assBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);              var moduleBuilder = assBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("testModule", "test.dll");              var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(typeOfT.Name + "Proxy", TypeAttributes.Public);   We are instructing the runtime to create an assembly caled "test.dll"and in this assembly we then emit a new module called "testModule". We then emit a new type definition of name "typeName"Proxy into this new module. This is the definition for the "dynamic proxy" for type T                 typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeOfT);               var ctorBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor(                         MethodAttributes.Public,                         CallingConventions.Standard,                         new Type[] { });               var ilGenerator = ctorBuilder.GetILGenerator();               ilGenerator.EmitWriteLine("Creating Proxy instance");               ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);   The newly created type implements type T and defines a default parameterless constructor in which we emit a call to Console.WriteLine. This call is not necessary but we do this so that we can see first hand that when the proxy is constructed, when our default constructor is invoked.   var methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(                      methodInfo.Name,                      MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual,                      methodInfo.ReturnType,                      methodInfo.GetParameters().Select(p => p.GetType()).ToArray()                      );   We then iterate over each method declared on type T and add a method definition of the same name into our "dynamic proxy" definition     if (methodInfo.ReturnType == typeof(void))   {       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);   }   If the return type specified in the method declaration of T is void we simply return.     if (methodInfo.ReturnType.IsValueType || methodInfo.ReturnType.IsEnum)   {                               MethodInfo getMethod = typeof(Activator).GetMethod("CreateInstance",                                                         new Type[]{typeof(Type)});                               LocalBuilder lb = methodILGen.DeclareLocal(methodInfo.ReturnType);                                                     methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldtoken, lb.LocalType);       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeof(Type).GetMethod("GetTypeFromHandle"));       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod);       methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, lb.LocalType);   }   If the return type in the method declaration of T is either a value type or an enum, then we need to create an instance of the value type and return that instance the caller. In order to accomplish that we need to do the following: 1) Get a handle to the Activator.CreateInstance method 2) Declare a local variable which represents the Type of the return type(i.e the type object of the return type) specified on the method declaration of T(obtained from the MethodInfo) and push this Type object onto the evaluation stack. In reality a RuntimeTypeHandle is what is pushed onto the stack. 3) Invoke the "GetTypeFromHandle" method(a static method in the Type class) passing in the RuntimeTypeHandle pushed onto the stack previously as an argument, the result of this invocation is a Type object (representing the method's return type) which is pushed onto the top of the evaluation stack. 4) Invoke Activator.CreateInstance passing in the Type object from step 3, the result of this invocation is an instance of the value type boxed as a reference type and pushed onto the top of the evaluation stack. 5) Unbox the result and place it into the local variable of the return type defined in step 2   methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);   If the return type is a reference type then we just load a null onto the evaluation stack   methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);   Emit a a return statement to return whatever is on top of the evaluation stack(null or an instance of a value type) back to the caller     Type constructedType = typeBuilder.CreateType();   var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(constructedType);   return (T)instance;   Now that we have a definition of the "dynamic proxy" implementing all the methods declared on T, we can now create an instance of the proxy type and return that out typed as T. The caller can now invoke the generator and request a dynamic proxy for any type T. In our example when the client invokes GetNum() we get back "0". Lets add a new method on the interface called DayOfWeek GetDay()   public interface IFoo      {          int GetNum();          DayOfWeek GetDay();      }   When GetDay() is invoked, the "dynamic proxy" returns "Sunday" since that is the default value for the DayOfWeek enum This is a very trivial example of dynammic proxies, frameworks like MOQ have a way more sophisticated implementation of this paradigm where in you can instruct the framework to create proxies which return specified values for a method implementation.

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• Bash arrays and case statements - review my script

  - by Felipe Alvarez

  #!/bin/bash # Change the environment in which you are currently working. # Actually, it calls the relevant 'lettus.sh' script if [ "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" == "$0" ]; then echo "Try running this as \". chenv $1\"" exit 0 fi usage(){ echo "Usage: . ${PROG} -- Shows a list of user-selectable environments." echo " . ${PROG} [env] -- Select environment." echo " . ${PROG} -h -- Shows this usage screen." return } showEnv(){ # check if index0 exists, assume we have at least the first (zeroth) element #if [ -z "${envList}" ]; then if [ -z "${envList[0]}" ]; then echo "array \$envList is empty! " >&2 return 1 fi # Show all elements in array (0 -> n-1) for i in $(seq 0 $((${#envList[@]} - 1))); do echo ${envList[$i]} done return } setEnv(){ if [ -z "$1" ]; then usage; return fi case $1 in cold) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_cold.sh;; coles) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_coles.sh;; fc) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_fc.sh;; fcrm) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_fcrm.sh;; stable) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_stable.sh;; tip) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_tip.sh;; uat) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_uat.sh;; wellmdc) FILE_TO_SOURCE=/u2/tip/conf/ctrl/lettus_wellmdc.sh;; *) usage; return;; esac if $IS_SOURCED; then echo "Environment \"$1\" selected." echo "Now sourcing file \"$FILE_TO_SOURCE\"..." . ${FILE_TO_SOURCE} return else return 1 fi } main(){ if [ -z "$1" ]; then showEnv; return fi case $1 in -h) usage;; *) setEnv $1;; esac return } PROG="chenv" # create array of user-selectable environments envList=( cold coles fc fcrm stable tip uat wellmdc ) main "$@" return If I could, I'd like to get some feedback on a better way to accomplish any of the following: run through the case statement make script trivally simple to maintain/upgrade/update

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• The View-Matrix and Alternative Calculations

  - by P. Avery

  I'm working on a radiosity processor in DirectX 9. The process requires that the camera be placed at the center of a mesh face and a 'screenshot' be taken facing 5 different directions...forward...up...down...left...right... ...The problem is that when the mesh face is facing up( look vector: 0, 1, 0 )...a view matrix cannot be determined using standard trigonometry functions: Matrix4 LookAt( Vector3 eye, Vector3 target, Vector3 up ) { // The "look-at" vector. Vector3 zaxis = normal(target - eye); // The "right" vector. Vector3 xaxis = normal(cross(up, zaxis)); // The "up" vector. Vector3 yaxis = cross(zaxis, xaxis); // Create a 4x4 orientation matrix from the right, up, and at vectors Matrix4 orientation = { xaxis.x, yaxis.x, zaxis.x, 0, xaxis.y, yaxis.y, zaxis.y, 0, xaxis.z, yaxis.z, zaxis.z, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 }; // Create a 4x4 translation matrix by negating the eye position. Matrix4 translation = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -eye.x, -eye.y, -eye.z, 1 }; // Combine the orientation and translation to compute the view matrix return ( translation * orientation ); } The above function comes from http://3dgep.com/?p=1700... ...Is there a mathematical approach to this problem? Edit: A problem occurs when setting the view matrix to up or down directions, here is an example of the problem when facing down: D3DXVECTOR4 vPos( 3, 3, 3, 1 ), vEye( 1.5, 3, 3, 1 ), vLook( 0, -1, 0, 1 ), vRight( 1, 0, 0, 1 ), vUp( 0, 0, 1, 1 ); D3DXMATRIX mV, mP; D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &mP, D3DX_PI / 2, 1, 0.5f, 2000.0f ); D3DXMatrixIdentity( &mV ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._11, ( void* )&vRight, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._21, ( void* )&vUp, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._31, ( void* )&vLook, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._41, ( void* )&(-vEye), sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); D3DXVec4Transform( &vPos, &vPos, &( mV * mP ) ); Results: vPos = D3DXVECTOR3( 1.5, -6, -0.5, 0 ) - this vertex is not properly processed by shader as the homogenous w value is 0 it cannot be normalized to a position within device space...

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• Setting useLegacyV2RuntimeActivationPolicy At Runtime

  - by Reed

  Version 4.0 of the .NET Framework included a new CLR which is almost entirely backwards compatible with the 2.0 version of the CLR.  However, by default, mixed-mode assemblies targeting .NET 3.5sp1 and earlier will fail to load in a .NET 4 application.  Fixing this requires setting useLegacyV2RuntimeActivationPolicy in your app.Config for the application.  While there are many good reasons for this decision, there are times when this is extremely frustrating, especially when writing a library.  As such, there are (rare) times when it would be beneficial to set this in code, at runtime, as well as verify that it’s running correctly prior to receiving a FileLoadException. Typically, loading a pre-.NET 4 mixed mode assembly is handled simply by changing your app.Config file, and including the relevant attribute in the startup element: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <startup useLegacyV2RuntimeActivationPolicy="true"> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0"/> </startup> </configuration> .csharpcode { background-color: #ffffff; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; color: black; font-size: small } .csharpcode pre { background-color: #ffffff; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; color: black; font-size: small } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000 } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080 } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0 } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633 } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00 } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000 } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000 } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; margin: 0em; width: 100% } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060 } This causes your application to run correctly, and load the older, mixed-mode assembly without issues. For full details on what’s happening here and why, I recommend reading Mark Miller’s detailed explanation of this attribute and the reasoning behind it. Before I show any code, let me say: I strongly recommend using the official approach of using app.config to set this policy. That being said, there are (rare) times when, for one reason or another, changing the application configuration file is less than ideal. While this is the supported approach to handling this issue, the CLR Hosting API includes a means of setting this programmatically via the ICLRRuntimeInfo interface.  Normally, this is used if you’re hosting the CLR in a native application in order to set this, at runtime, prior to loading the assemblies.  However, the F# Samples include a nice trick showing how to load this API and bind this policy, at runtime.  This was required in order to host the Managed DirectX API, which is built against an older version of the CLR. This is fairly easy to port to C#.  Instead of a direct port, I also added a little addition – by trapping the COM exception received if unable to bind (which will occur if the 2.0 CLR is already bound), I also allow a runtime check of whether this property was setup properly: public static class RuntimePolicyHelper { public static bool LegacyV2RuntimeEnabledSuccessfully { get; private set; } static RuntimePolicyHelper() { ICLRRuntimeInfo clrRuntimeInfo = (ICLRRuntimeInfo)RuntimeEnvironment.GetRuntimeInterfaceAsObject( Guid.Empty, typeof(ICLRRuntimeInfo).GUID); try { clrRuntimeInfo.BindAsLegacyV2Runtime(); LegacyV2RuntimeEnabledSuccessfully = true; } catch (COMException) { // This occurs with an HRESULT meaning // "A different runtime was already bound to the legacy CLR version 2 activation policy." LegacyV2RuntimeEnabledSuccessfully = false; } } [ComImport] [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] [Guid("BD39D1D2-BA2F-486A-89B0-B4B0CB466891")] private interface ICLRRuntimeInfo { void xGetVersionString(); void xGetRuntimeDirectory(); void xIsLoaded(); void xIsLoadable(); void xLoadErrorString(); void xLoadLibrary(); void xGetProcAddress(); void xGetInterface(); void xSetDefaultStartupFlags(); void xGetDefaultStartupFlags(); [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)] void BindAsLegacyV2Runtime(); } } Using this, it’s possible to not only set this at runtime, but also verify, prior to loading your mixed mode assembly, whether this will succeed. In my case, this was quite useful – I am working on a library purely for internal use which uses a numerical package that is supplied with both a completely managed as well as a native solver.  The native solver uses a CLR 2 mixed-mode assembly, but is dramatically faster than the pure managed approach.  By checking RuntimePolicyHelper.LegacyV2RuntimeEnabledSuccessfully at runtime, I can decide whether to enable the native solver, and only do so if I successfully bound this policy. There are some tricks required here – To enable this sort of fallback behavior, you must make these checks in a type that doesn’t cause the mixed mode assembly to be loaded.  In my case, this forced me to encapsulate the library I was using entirely in a separate class, perform the check, then pass through the required calls to that class.  Otherwise, the library will load before the hosting process gets enabled, which in turn will fail. This code will also, of course, try to enable the runtime policy before the first time you use this class – which typically means just before the first time you check the boolean value.  As a result, checking this early on in the application is more likely to allow it to work. Finally, if you’re using a library, this has to be called prior to the 2.0 CLR loading.  This will cause it to fail if you try to use it to enable this policy in a plugin for most third party applications that don’t have their app.config setup properly, as they will likely have already loaded the 2.0 runtime. As an example, take a simple audio player.  The code below shows how this can be used to properly, at runtime, only use the “native” API if this will succeed, and fallback (or raise a nicer exception) if this will fail: public class AudioPlayer { private IAudioEngine audioEngine; public AudioPlayer() { if (RuntimePolicyHelper.LegacyV2RuntimeEnabledSuccessfully) { // This will load a CLR 2 mixed mode assembly this.audioEngine = new AudioEngineNative(); } else { this.audioEngine = new AudioEngineManaged(); } } public void Play(string filename) { this.audioEngine.Play(filename); } } Now – the warning: This approach works, but I would be very hesitant to use it in public facing production code, especially for anything other than initializing your own application.  While this should work in a library, using it has a very nasty side effect: you change the runtime policy of the executing application in a way that is very hidden and non-obvious.

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• Navigating Libgdx Menu with arrow keys or controller

  - by Phil Royer

  I'm attempting to make my menu navigable with the arrow keys or via the d-pad on a controller. So Far I've had no luck. The question is: Can someone walk me through how to make my current menu or any libgdx menu keyboard accessible? I'm a bit noobish with some stuff and I come from a Javascript background. Here's an example of what I'm trying to do: http://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/39448/webgl/qb/qb.html For a simple menu that you can just add a few buttons to and it run out of the box use this: http://www.sadafnoor.com/blog/how-to-create-simple-menu-in-libgdx/ Or you can use my code but I use a lot of custom styles. And here's an example of my code: import aurelienribon.tweenengine.Timeline; import aurelienribon.tweenengine.Tween; import aurelienribon.tweenengine.TweenManager; import com.badlogic.gdx.Game; import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx; import com.badlogic.gdx.Screen; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.GL20; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.Sprite; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.TextureAtlas; import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector2; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.Actor; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.InputEvent; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.InputListener; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.Stage; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.ui.Skin; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.ui.Table; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.ui.TextButton; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.utils.Align; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.utils.ClickListener; import com.project.game.tween.ActorAccessor; public class MainMenu implements Screen { private SpriteBatch batch; private Sprite menuBG; private Stage stage; private TextureAtlas atlas; private Skin skin; private Table table; private TweenManager tweenManager; @Override public void render(float delta) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); batch.begin(); menuBG.draw(batch); batch.end(); //table.debug(); stage.act(delta); stage.draw(); //Table.drawDebug(stage); tweenManager.update(delta); } @Override public void resize(int width, int height) { menuBG.setSize(width, height); stage.setViewport(width, height, false); table.invalidateHierarchy(); } @Override public void resume() { } @Override public void show() { stage = new Stage(); Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); batch = new SpriteBatch(); atlas = new TextureAtlas("ui/atlas.pack"); skin = new Skin(Gdx.files.internal("ui/menuSkin.json"), atlas); table = new Table(skin); table.setBounds(0, 0, Gdx.graphics.getWidth(), Gdx.graphics.getHeight()); // Set Background Texture menuBackgroundTexture = new Texture("images/mainMenuBackground.png"); menuBG = new Sprite(menuBackgroundTexture); menuBG.setSize(Gdx.graphics.getWidth(), Gdx.graphics.getHeight()); // Create Main Menu Buttons // Button Play TextButton buttonPlay = new TextButton("START", skin, "inactive"); buttonPlay.addListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void clicked(InputEvent event, float x, float y) { ((Game) Gdx.app.getApplicationListener()).setScreen(new LevelMenu()); } }); buttonPlay.addListener(new InputListener() { public boolean keyDown (InputEvent event, int keycode) { System.out.println("down"); return true; } }); buttonPlay.padBottom(12); buttonPlay.padLeft(20); buttonPlay.getLabel().setAlignment(Align.left); // Button EXTRAS TextButton buttonExtras = new TextButton("EXTRAS", skin, "inactive"); buttonExtras.addListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void clicked(InputEvent event, float x, float y) { ((Game) Gdx.app.getApplicationListener()).setScreen(new ExtrasMenu()); } }); buttonExtras.padBottom(12); buttonExtras.padLeft(20); buttonExtras.getLabel().setAlignment(Align.left); // Button Credits TextButton buttonCredits = new TextButton("CREDITS", skin, "inactive"); buttonCredits.addListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void clicked(InputEvent event, float x, float y) { ((Game) Gdx.app.getApplicationListener()).setScreen(new Credits()); } }); buttonCredits.padBottom(12); buttonCredits.padLeft(20); buttonCredits.getLabel().setAlignment(Align.left); // Button Settings TextButton buttonSettings = new TextButton("SETTINGS", skin, "inactive"); buttonSettings.addListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void clicked(InputEvent event, float x, float y) { ((Game) Gdx.app.getApplicationListener()).setScreen(new Settings()); } }); buttonSettings.padBottom(12); buttonSettings.padLeft(20); buttonSettings.getLabel().setAlignment(Align.left); // Button Exit TextButton buttonExit = new TextButton("EXIT", skin, "inactive"); buttonExit.addListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void clicked(InputEvent event, float x, float y) { Gdx.app.exit(); } }); buttonExit.padBottom(12); buttonExit.padLeft(20); buttonExit.getLabel().setAlignment(Align.left); // Adding Heading-Buttons to the cue table.add().width(190); table.add().width((table.getWidth() / 10) * 3); table.add().width((table.getWidth() / 10) * 5).height(140).spaceBottom(50); table.add().width(190).row(); table.add().width(190); table.add(buttonPlay).spaceBottom(20).width(460).height(110); table.add().row(); table.add().width(190); table.add(buttonExtras).spaceBottom(20).width(460).height(110); table.add().row(); table.add().width(190); table.add(buttonCredits).spaceBottom(20).width(460).height(110); table.add().row(); table.add().width(190); table.add(buttonSettings).spaceBottom(20).width(460).height(110); table.add().row(); table.add().width(190); table.add(buttonExit).width(460).height(110); table.add().row(); stage.addActor(table); // Animation Settings tweenManager = new TweenManager(); Tween.registerAccessor(Actor.class, new ActorAccessor()); // Heading and Buttons Fade In Timeline.createSequence().beginSequence() .push(Tween.set(buttonPlay, ActorAccessor.ALPHA).target(0)) .push(Tween.set(buttonExtras, ActorAccessor.ALPHA).target(0)) .push(Tween.set(buttonCredits, ActorAccessor.ALPHA).target(0)) .push(Tween.set(buttonSettings, ActorAccessor.ALPHA).target(0)) .push(Tween.set(buttonExit, ActorAccessor.ALPHA).target(0)) .push(Tween.to(buttonPlay, ActorAccessor.ALPHA, .5f).target(1)) .push(Tween.to(buttonExtras, ActorAccessor.ALPHA, .5f).target(1)) .push(Tween.to(buttonCredits, ActorAccessor.ALPHA, .5f).target(1)) .push(Tween.to(buttonSettings, ActorAccessor.ALPHA, .5f).target(1)) .push(Tween.to(buttonExit, ActorAccessor.ALPHA, .5f).target(1)) .end().start(tweenManager); tweenManager.update(Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime()); } public static Vector2 getStageLocation(Actor actor) { return actor.localToStageCoordinates(new Vector2(0, 0)); } @Override public void dispose() { stage.dispose(); atlas.dispose(); skin.dispose(); menuBG.getTexture().dispose(); } @Override public void hide() { dispose(); } @Override public void pause() { } }

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• how this code works and how to modify this code to get my desrire work? [closed]

  - by imon_bayazid

  I dont understand how these code works here : m_MouseHookManager.MouseDoubleClick+=HookManager_MouseDoubleClick; m_MouseHookManager.MouseDoubleClick -= HookManager_MouseDoubleClick; m_KeyboardHookManager.KeyPress +=HookManager_KeyPress; m_KeyboardHookManager.KeyPress -=HookManager_KeyPress; My full Code is here : using System; using System.Windows.Forms; using MouseKeyboardActivityMonitor.WinApi; namespace MouseKeyboardActivityMonitor.Demo { public partial class TestFormHookListeners : Form { private readonly KeyboardHookListener m_KeyboardHookManager; private readonly MouseHookListener m_MouseHookManager; public TestFormHookListeners() { InitializeComponent(); m_KeyboardHookManager = new KeyboardHookListener(new GlobalHooker()); // Hooks are not active after instantiation. You need to use either Enabled property or call Start()()()() method m_KeyboardHookManager.Enabled = true;//True - The Hook is presently installed, activated, and will fire events. m_MouseHookManager = new MouseHookListener(new GlobalHooker()); m_MouseHookManager.Enabled = true; } #region Check boxes to set or remove particular event handlers. private void checkBoxMouseDoubleClick_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (checkBoxMouseDoubleClick.Checked) { m_MouseHookManager.MouseDoubleClick += HookManager_MouseDoubleClick; } else { m_MouseHookManager.MouseDoubleClick -= HookManager_MouseDoubleClick; } } private void checkBoxKeyPress_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (checkBoxKeyPress.Checked) { m_KeyboardHookManager.KeyPress +=HookManager_KeyPress; } else { m_KeyboardHookManager.KeyPress -=HookManager_KeyPress; } } #endregion #region Event handlers of particular events. They will be activated when an appropriate checkbox is checked. private void HookManager_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e) { Log(string.Format("KeyPress \t\t {0}\n", e.KeyChar)); } private void HookManager_MouseDoubleClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { Log(string.Format("MouseDoubleClick \t\t {0}\n", e.Button)); } private void Log(string text) { textBoxLog.AppendText(text); textBoxLog.ScrollToCaret(); } #endregion private void checkBoxEnabled_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { m_MouseHookManager.Enabled = checkBoxEnabled.Checked; m_KeyboardHookManager.Enabled = checkBoxEnabled.Checked; } private void radioHooksType_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { Hooker hook; if (radioApplication.Checked) { hook = new AppHooker();//Provides methods for subscription and unsubscription to application mouse and keyboard hooks. } else { hook = new GlobalHooker();//Provides methods for subscription and unsubscription to global mouse and keyboard hooks. } m_KeyboardHookManager.Replace(hook); m_MouseHookManager.Replace(hook);//hook->An AppHooker or GlobalHooker object. //Enables you to switch from application hooks to global hooks //and vice versa on the fly without unsubscribing from events. //Component remains enabled or disabled state after this call as it was before. //Declaration Syntax } private void HookManager_Supress(object sender, MouseEventExtArgs e) { if (e.Button != MouseButtons.Right) { return; } Log("Suppressed.\n"); e.Handled = true; } } } Can anybody help to understand that??? I want by this that whenever a F5 key-pressed my application will be active and then it checks if double-click happen it gives a message .... **How can i modify that.....??????**

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• The code works but when using printf it gives me a weird answer. Help please [closed]

  - by user71458

  //Programmer-William Chen //Seventh Period Computer Science II //Problem Statement - First get the elapsed times and the program will find the //split times for the user to see. // //Algorithm- First the programmer makes the prototype and calls them in the //main function. The programmer then asks the user to input lap time data. //Secondly, you convert the splits into seconds and subtract them so you can //find the splits. Then the average is all the lap time's in seconds. Finally, //the programmer printf all the results for the user to see. #include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; void thisgetsElapsedTimes( int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5, int &s1, int &s2, int &s3, int &s4, int &s5); //this is prototype void thisconvertstoseconds ( int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5, int &s1, int &s2, int &s3, int &s4, int &s5, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5);//this too void thisfindsSplits(int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5, int &split6, int &split7, int &split8, int &split9, int &split10);// this is part of prototype void thisisthesecondconversation (int &split1M, int &split2M, int &split3M, int &split4M, int &split5M, int &split1S,int &split2S, int &split3S, int &split4S, int &split5S, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5);//this gets a value void thisfindstheaverage(double &average, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5);//and this void thisprintsstuff( int &split1M, int &split2M, int &split3M, int &split4M, int &split5M, int &split1S, int &split2S, int &split3S, int &split4S, int &split5S, double &average); //this prints int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, split1, split2, split3, split4, split5, split1M, split2M, split3M, split4M, split5M, split1S, split2S, split3S, split4S, split5S; int split6, split7, split8, split9, split10; double average; char thistakescolon; thisgetsElapsedTimes ( m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5); thisconvertstoseconds ( m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, split1, split2, split3, split4, split5); thisfindsSplits ( m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, split1, split2, split3, split4, split5, split6, split7, split8, split9, split10); thisisthesecondconversation ( split1M, split2M, split3M, split4M, split5M, split1S, split2S, split3S, split4S, split5S, split1, split2, split3, split4, split5); thisfindstheaverage ( average, split1, split2, split3, split4, split5); thisprintsstuff ( split1M, split2M, split3M, split4M, split5M, split1S, split2S, split3S, split4S, split5S, average); // these are calling statements and they call from the main function to the other functions. system("PAUSE"); return 0; } void thisgetsElapsedTimes(int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5, int &s1, int &s2, int &s3, int &s4, int &s5) { char thistakescolon; cout << "Enter the elapsed time:" << endl; cout << " Kilometer 1 "; cin m1 thistakescolon s1; cout << " Kilometer 2 "; cin m2 thistakescolon s2; cout << " Kilometer 3 " ; cin m3 thistakescolon s3; cout << " Kilometer 4 "; cin m4 thistakescolon s4; cout << " Kilometer 5 "; cin m5 thistakescolon s5; // this gets the data required to get the results needed for the user to see // . } void thisconvertstoseconds (int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5, int &s1, int &s2, int &s3, int &s4, int &s5, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5) { split1 = (m1 * 60) + s1;//this converts for minutes to seconds for m1 split2 = (m2 * 60) + s2;//this converts for minutes to seconds for m2 split3 = (m3 * 60) + s3;//this converts for minutes to seconds for m3 split4 = (m4 * 60) + s4;//this converts for minutes to seconds for m4 split5 = (m5 * 60) + s5;//this converts for minutes to seconds for m5 } void thisfindsSplits (int &m1, int &m2, int &m3, int &m4, int &m5,int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5, int &split6, int &split7, int &split8, int &split9, int &split10)//this is function heading { split6 = split1; //this is split for the first lap. split7 = split2 - split1;//this is split for the second lap. split8 = split3 - split2;//this is split for the third lap. split9 = split4 - split3;//this is split for the fourth lap. split10 = split5 - split4;//this is split for the fifth lap. } void thisfindstheaverage(double &average, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5) { average = (split1 + split2 + split3 + split4 + split5)/5; // this finds the average from all the splits in seconds } void thisisthesecondconversation (int &split1M, int &split2M, int &split3M, int &split4M, int &split5M, int &split1S,int &split2S, int &split3S, int &split4S, int &split5S, int &split1, int &split2, int &split3, int &split4, int &split5) { split1M = split1 * 60; //this finds the split times split1S = split1M - split1 * 60; //then this finds split2M = split2 * 60; //and all of this split2S = split2M - split2 * 60; //does basically split3M = split3 * 60; //the same thing split3S = split3M - split3 * 60; //all of it split4M = split4 * 60; //it's also a split4S = split4M - split4 * 60; //function split5M = split5 * 60; //and it finds the splits split5S = split5M - split5 * 60; //for each lap. } void thisprintsstuff (int &split1M, int &split2M, int &split3M, int &split4M, int &split5M, int &split1S, int &split2S, int &split3S, int &split4S, int &split5S, double &average)// this is function heading { printf("\n kilometer 1 %d" , ":02%d",'split1M','split1S'); printf("\n kilometer 2 %d" , ":02%d",'split2M','split2S'); printf("\n kilometer 3 %d" , ":02%d",'split3M','split3S'); printf("\n kilometer 4 %d" , ":02%d",'split4M','split4S'); printf("\n kilometer 5 %d" , ":02%d",'split5M','split5S'); printf("\n your average pace is ",'average',"per kilometer \n", "William Chen\n"); // this printf so the programmer // can allow the user to see // the results from the data gathered. }

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• How to apply effects that occur (or change) over time to characters in a game?

  - by Joshua Harris

  So assume that I have a system that applies Effects to Characters like so: public class Character { private Collection<Effect> _effects; public void AddEffect (Effect e) { e.ApplyTo(this); _effects.Add(e); } public void RemoveEffect (Effect e) { e.RemoveFrom(this); _effects.Remove(e); } } public interface Effect { public void ApplyTo (Character character); public void RemoveFrom (Character character); } Example Effect: Armor Buff for 5 seconds. void someFunction() { // Do Stuff ... Timer armorTimer = new Timer(5 seconds); ArmorBuff armorbuff = new ArmorBuff(); character.AddEffect(armorBuff); armorTimer.Start(); // Do more stuff ... } // Some where else in code public void ArmorTimer_Complete() { character.RemoveEffect(armorBuff); } public class ArmorBuff implements Effect { public void applyTo(Character character) { character.changeArmor(20); } public void removeFrom(Character character) { character.changeArmor(-20); } } Ok, so this example would buff the Characters armor for 5 seconds. Easy to get working. But what about effects that change over the duration of the effect being applied. Two examples come to mind: Damage Over Time: 200 damage every second for 3 seconds. I could mimic this by applying an Effect that lasts for 1 second and has a counter set to 3, then when it is removed it could deal 200 damage, clone itself, decrement the counter of the clone, and apply the clone to the character. If it repeats this until the counter is 0, then you got a damage over time ability. I'm not a huge fan of this approach, but it does describe the behavior exactly. Degenerating Speed Boost: Gain a speed boost that degrades over 3 seconds until you return to your normal speed. This is a bit harder. I can basically do the same thing as above except having timers set to some portion of a second, such that they occur fast enough to give the appearance of degenerating smoothly over time (even though they are really just stepping down incrementally). I feel like you could get away with only 12 steps over a second (maybe less, I would have to test it and see), but this doesn't seem very elegant to me. The only other way to implement this effect would be to change the system so that the Character checks the _effects collection for effects that alter any of the properties any time that they are being used. I could handle this in functions like getCurrentSpeed() and getCurrentArmor(), but you can imagine how much of a hassle it would be to have that kind of overhead every time you want to do a calculation with movement speed (which would be every time you move your character). Is there a better way to deal with these kinds of effects or events?

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• Open GL polygons not displaying

  - by Darestium

  I have tried to follow nehe's opengl tutorial lesson 2. I use sfml for my window creation. The problem I have is that both the triangle and the quad don't show up on the screen: #include <SFML/System.hpp> #include <SFML/Window.hpp> #include <iostream> void processEvents(sf::Window *app); void processInput(sf::Window *app, const sf::Input &input); void renderCube(sf::Window *app, sf::Clock *clock); void renderGlScene(sf::Window *app); void init(); int main() { sf::Window app(sf::VideoMode(800, 600, 32), "Nehe Lesson 2"); app.UseVerticalSync(false); init(); while (app.IsOpened()) { processEvents(&app); renderGlScene(&app); app.Display(); } return EXIT_SUCCESS; } void init() { glClearDepth(1.f); glClearColor(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f); // Enable z-buffer and read and write glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthMask(GL_TRUE); // Setup a perpective projection glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45.f, 1.f, 1.f, 500.f); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); } void processEvents(sf::Window *app) { sf::Event event; while (app->GetEvent(event)) { if (event.Type == sf::Event::Closed) { app->Close(); } if (event.Type == sf::Event::KeyPressed && event.Key.Code == sf::Key::Escape) { app->Close(); } } } void renderGlScene(sf::Window *app) { app->SetActive(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear the screen and the depth buffer glLoadIdentity(); // Reset the view glTranslatef(-1.5f, 0.0f, -6.0f); // Move Left 1.5 units and into the screen 6.0 glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Top glVertex3f(-1.0,-1.0f, 0.0f); // Bottom Left glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f); // Bottom Right glEnd(); glTranslatef(3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glBegin(GL_QUADS); // Draw a quad glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f); glEnd(); } I would greatly appreciate it if someone could help me resolve my issue.

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