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  • c# interop with ghostscript

    - by yodaj007
    I'm trying to access some Ghostscript functions like so: [DllImport(@"C:\Program Files\GPLGS\gsdll32.dll", EntryPoint = "gsapi_revision")] public static extern int Foo(gsapi_revision_t x, int len); public struct gsapi_revision_t { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string product; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } public static void Main() { gsapi_revision_t foo = new gsapi_revision_t(); Foo(foo, Marshal.SizeOf(foo)); This corresponds with these definitions from the iapi.h header from ghostscript: typedef struct gsapi_revision_s { const char *product; const char *copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } gsapi_revision_t; GSDLLEXPORT int GSDLLAPI gsapi_revision(gsapi_revision_t *pr, int len); But my code is reading nothing into the string fields. If I add 'ref' to the function, it reads gibberish. However, the following code reads in the data just fine: public struct gsapi_revision_t { IntPtr product; IntPtr copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } public static void Main() { gsapi_revision_t foo = new gsapi_revision_t(); IntPtr x = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(20); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) Marshal.WriteInt32(x, i, 0); int result = Foo(x, 20); IntPtr productNamePtr = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(x); IntPtr copyrightPtr = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(x, 4); long revision = Marshal.ReadInt64(x, 8); long revisionDate = Marshal.ReadInt64(x, 12); byte[] dest = new byte[1000]; Marshal.Copy(productNamePtr, dest, 0, 1000); string name = Read(productNamePtr); string copyright = Read(copyrightPtr); } public static string Read(IntPtr p) { List<byte> bits = new List<byte>(); int i = 0; while (true) { byte b = Marshal.ReadByte(new IntPtr(p.ToInt64() + i)); if (b == 0) break; bits.Add(b); i++; } return Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bits.ToArray()); } So what am I doing wrong with marshaling?

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  • State machines in C#

    - by Sir Psycho
    Hi, I'm trying to work out what's going on with this code. I have two threads iterating over the range and I'm trying to understand what is happening when the second thread calls GetEnumerator(). This line in particular (T current = start;), seems to spawn a new 'instance' in this method by the second thread. Seeing that there is only one instance of the DateRange class, I'm trying to understand why this works. Thanks in advance. class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var daterange = new DateRange(DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddDays(10), new TimeSpan(24, 0, 0)); var ts1 = new ThreadStart(delegate { foreach (var date in daterange) { Console.WriteLine("Thread " + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId + " " + date); } }); var ts2 = new ThreadStart(delegate { foreach (var date in daterange) { Console.WriteLine("Thread " + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId + " " + date); } }); Thread t1 = new Thread(ts1); Thread t2 = new Thread(ts2); t1.Start(); Thread.Sleep(4000); t2.Start(); Console.Read(); } } public class DateRange : Range<DateTime> { public DateTime Start { get; private set; } public DateTime End { get; private set; } public TimeSpan SkipValue { get; private set; } public DateRange(DateTime start, DateTime end, TimeSpan skip) : base(start, end) { SkipValue = skip; } public override DateTime GetNextElement(DateTime current) { return current.Add(SkipValue); } } public abstract class Range<T> : IEnumerable<T> where T : IComparable<T> { readonly T start; readonly T end; public Range(T start, T end) { if (start.CompareTo(end) > 0) throw new ArgumentException("Start value greater than end value"); this.start = start; this.end = end; } public abstract T GetNextElement(T currentElement); public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator() { T current = start; do { Thread.Sleep(1000); yield return current; current = GetNextElement(current); } while (current.CompareTo(end) < 1); } System.Collections.IEnumerator System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() { return GetEnumerator(); } }

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  • CUDA, more threads for same work = Longer run time despite better occupancy, Why?

    - by zenna
    I encountered a strange problem where increasing my occupancy by increasing the number of threads reduced performance. I created the following program to illustrate the problem: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <cuda_runtime.h> __global__ void less_threads(float * d_out) { int num_inliers; for (int j=0;j<800;++j) { //Do 12 computations num_inliers += threadIdx.x*1; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*2; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*3; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*4; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*5; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*6; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*7; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*8; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*9; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*10; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*11; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*12; } if (threadIdx.x == -1) d_out[blockIdx.x*blockDim.x+threadIdx.x] = num_inliers; } __global__ void more_threads(float *d_out) { int num_inliers; for (int j=0;j<800;++j) { // Do 4 computations num_inliers += threadIdx.x*1; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*2; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*3; num_inliers += threadIdx.x*4; } if (threadIdx.x == -1) d_out[blockIdx.x*blockDim.x+threadIdx.x] = num_inliers; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { float *d_out = NULL; cudaMalloc((void**)&d_out,sizeof(float)*25000); more_threads<<<780,128>>>(d_out); less_threads<<<780,32>>>(d_out); return 0; } Note both kernels should do the same amount of work in total, the (if threadIdx.x == -1 is a trick to stop the compiler optimising everything out and leaving an empty kernel). The work should be the same as more_threads is using 4 times as many threads but with each thread doing 4 times less work. Significant results form the profiler results are as followsL: more_threads: GPU runtime = 1474 us,reg per thread = 6,occupancy=1,branch=83746,divergent_branch = 26,instructions = 584065,gst request=1084552 less_threads: GPU runtime = 921 us,reg per thread = 14,occupancy=0.25,branch=20956,divergent_branch = 26,instructions = 312663,gst request=677381 As I said previously, the run time of the kernel using more threads is longer, this could be due to the increased number of instructions. Why are there more instructions? Why is there any branching, let alone divergent branching, considering there is no conditional code? Why are there any gst requests when there is no global memory access? What is going on here! Thanks

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  • multiple definition of inline function

    - by K71993
    Hi, I have gone through some posts related to this topic but was not able to sort out my doubt completly. This might be a very navie question. Code Description I have a header file "inline.h" and two translation unit "main.cpp" and "tran.cpp". Details of code are as below inline.h file details #ifndef __HEADER__ #include <stdio.h> extern inline int func1(void) { return 5; } static inline int func2(void) { return 6; } inline int func3(void) { return 7; } #endif main.c file details are below #define <stdio.h> #include <inline.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { printf("%d\n",func1()); printf("%d\n",func2()); printf("%d\n",func3()); return 0; } tran.cpp file details (Not that the functions are not inline here) #include <stdio.h> int func1(void) { return 500; } int func2(void) { return 600; } int func3(void) { return 700; } Question The above code does not compile in gcc compiler whereas compiles in g++ (Assuming you make changes related to gcc in code like changing the code to .c not using any C++ header files... etc). The error displayed is "duplicate definition of inline function - func3". Can you clarify why this difference is present across compile? When you run the program (g++ compiled) by creating two seperate compilation unit (main.o and tran.o and create an executable a.out), the output obtained is 500 6 700 Why does the compiler pick up the definition of the function which is not inline. Actually since #include is used to "add" the inline definiton I had expected 5,6,7 as the output. My understanding was during compilation since the inline definition is found, the function call would be "replaced" by inline function definition. Can you please tell me in detailed steps the process of compilation and linking which would lead us to 500,6,700 output. I can only understand the output 6. Thanks in advance for valuable input.

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  • Java WebStart: <property ...> ignored when using <extension>?

    - by Thorbjørn Ravn Andersen
    I have a problem modernizing a Java WebStart application under Java 6 u 13 (the latest at this moment) We desire to use the new mechanism to have several master configuration files each with their own configuration , which then "include" another jnlp file which is autogenerated to ensure that the jar list is accurate. After quite a bit of poking I have made it work, except for the fact that the properties defined in the master file is not available to the program when Main is invoked. The master JNLP looks like (anonymized): <jnlp> <information> <title>...</title> <vendor>...</vendor> <description>...</description> <description kind="short">...</description> <homepage href="http://....jnlp"/> <icon href="http://....gif"/> <!-- <offline-allowed/> --> </information> <security> <all-permissions/> </security> <resources> <j2se version="1.6+"/> <extension href="http://...extension.jnlp" /> <property name="server.name" value="SERVER"/> </resources> <application-desc main-class="Main"/> </jnlp> and the extension.jnlp looks like: <!-- Generated automatically. Do not edit! --> <jnlp> <information> <title>extension built 2009-04-22 12:39:58 CEST</title> <vendor>...</vendor> </information> <security><all-permissions/></security> <resources> <jar href="A.jar" /> <jar href="B.jar" /> <jar href="logback-classic-0.9.14.jar" /> <jar href="logback-core-0.9.14.jar" /> <jar href="slf4j-api-1.5.6.jar" /> </resources> <component-desc /> </jnlp> I have tried putting the proprty in the extension.jnlp too. Did not help. The JVM is reused and not relaunched according to the log in the Java Plugin Console. Any suggestions?

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  • Placing & deleting element(s) from a object (stack)

    - by Chris
    Hello, Initialising 2 stack objects: Stack s1 = new Stack(), s2 = new Stack(); s1 = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (array of 10 elements wich is empty to start with) top:0 const int Rows = 10; int[] Table = new int[Rows]; public void TableStack(int[] Table) { for (int i=0; i < Table.Length; i++) { } } My question is how exactly do i place a element on a stack (push) or take a element from the stack (pop) as the following: Push: s1.Push(5); // s1 = 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (top:1) s1.Push(9); // s1 = 5 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (top:2) Pop: int number = s1.Pop(); // s1 = 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (top:1) 9 got removed Do i have to use get & set, and if so how exactly do i implent this with a array? Not really sure what to exactly use for this. Any hints highly appreciated. The program uses the following driver to test the Stack class (wich cannot be changed or modified): public void ExecuteProgram() { Console.Title = "StackDemo"; Stack s1 = new Stack(), s2 = new Stack(); ShowStack(s1, "s1"); ShowStack(s2, "s2"); Console.WriteLine(); int getal = TryPop(s1); ShowStack(s1, "s1"); TryPush(s2, 17); ShowStack(s2, "s2"); TryPush(s2, -8); ShowStack(s2, "s2"); TryPush(s2, 59); ShowStack(s2, "s2"); Console.WriteLine(); for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { TryPush(s1, 2 * i); ShowStack(s1, "s1"); } Console.WriteLine(); for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { TryPush(s2, i * i); ShowStack(s2, "s2"); } Console.WriteLine(); for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { getal = TryPop(s2); //use number ShowStack(s2, "s2"); } }/*ExecuteProgram*/ Regards.

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  • Any tips on reducing wxWidgets application code size?

    - by Billy ONeal
    I have written a minimal wxWidgets application: stdafx.h #define wxNO_REGEX_LIB #define wxNO_XML_LIB #define wxNO_NET_LIB #define wxNO_EXPAT_LIB #define wxNO_JPEG_LIB #define wxNO_PNG_LIB #define wxNO_TIFF_LIB #define wxNO_ZLIB_LIB #define wxNO_ADV_LIB #define wxNO_HTML_LIB #define wxNO_GL_LIB #define wxNO_QA_LIB #define wxNO_XRC_LIB #define wxNO_AUI_LIB #define wxNO_PROPGRID_LIB #define wxNO_RIBBON_LIB #define wxNO_RICHTEXT_LIB #define wxNO_MEDIA_LIB #define wxNO_STC_LIB #include <wx/wxprec.h> Minimal.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include <memory> #include <wx/wx.h> class Minimal : public wxApp { public: virtual bool OnInit(); }; IMPLEMENT_APP(Minimal) DECLARE_APP(Minimal) class MinimalFrame : public wxFrame { DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE() public: MinimalFrame(const wxString& title); void OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& e); void OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& e); }; BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MinimalFrame, wxFrame) EVT_MENU(wxID_ABOUT, MinimalFrame::OnAbout) EVT_MENU(wxID_EXIT, MinimalFrame::OnQuit) END_EVENT_TABLE() MinimalFrame::MinimalFrame(const wxString& title) : wxFrame(0, wxID_ANY, title) { std::auto_ptr<wxMenu> fileMenu(new wxMenu); fileMenu->Append(wxID_EXIT, L"E&xit\tAlt-X", L"Terminate the Minimal Example."); std::auto_ptr<wxMenu> helpMenu(new wxMenu); helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT, L"&About\tF1", L"Show the about dialog box."); std::auto_ptr<wxMenuBar> bar(new wxMenuBar); bar->Append(fileMenu.get(), L"&File"); fileMenu.release(); bar->Append(helpMenu.get(), L"&Help"); helpMenu.release(); SetMenuBar(bar.get()); bar.release(); CreateStatusBar(2); SetStatusText(L"Welcome to wxWidgets!"); } void MinimalFrame::OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& e) { wxMessageBox(L"Some text about me!", L"About", wxOK, this); } void MinimalFrame::OnQuit(wxCommandEvent& e) { Close(); } bool Minimal::OnInit() { std::auto_ptr<MinimalFrame> mainFrame( new MinimalFrame(L"Minimal wxWidgets Application")); mainFrame->Show(); mainFrame.release(); return true; } This minimal program weighs in at 2.4MB! (Executable compression drops this to half a MB or so but that's still HUGE!) (I must statically link because this application needs to be single-binary-xcopy-deployed, so both the C runtime and wxWidgets itself are set for static linking) Any tips on cutting this down? (I'm using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010)

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  • Parallel For Loop - Problems when adding to a List

    - by Kevin Crowell
    I am having some issues involving Parallel for loops and adding to a List. The problem is, the same code may generate different output at different times. I have set up some test code below. In this code, I create a List of 10,000 int values. 1/10th of the values will be 0, 1/10th of the values will be 1, all the way up to 1/10th of the values being 9. After setting up this List, I setup a Parallel for loop that iterates through the list. If the current number is 0, I add a value to a new List. After the Parallel for loop completes, I output the size of the list. The size should always be 1,000. Most of the time, the correct answer is given. However, I have seen 3 possible incorrect outcomes occur: The size of the list is less than 1,000 An IndexOutOfRangeException occurs @ doubleList.Add(0.0); An ArgumentException occurs @ doubleList.Add(0.0); The message for the ArgumentException given was: Destination array was not long enough. Check destIndex and length, and the array's lower bounds. What could be causing the errors? Is this a .Net bug? Is there something I can do to prevent this from happening? Please try the code for yourself. If you do not get an error, try it a few times. Please also note that you probably will not see any errors using a single-core machine. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ParallelTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<int> intList = new List<int>(); List<double> doubleList = new List<double>(); for (int i = 0; i < 250; i++) { intList.Clear(); doubleList.Clear(); for (int j = 0; j < 10000; j++) { intList.Add(j % 10); } Parallel.For(0, intList.Count, j => { if (intList[j] == 0) { doubleList.Add(0.0); } }); if (doubleList.Count != 1000) { Console.WriteLine("On iteration " + i + ": List size = " + doubleList.Count); } } Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to exit."); Console.ReadKey(); } } }

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  • decorator pattern

    - by vbNewbie
    I have a program that converts currency using a specific design pattern. I now need to take my converted result and using the decorator pattern allow the result to be converted to 3 different formats: 1 - exponential notation, rounded to 2 decimal points. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace Converter { public partial class Form1 : Form { // Setup Chain of Responsibility Handler h1 = new USDHandler(); Handler h2 = new CADHandler(); Handler h3 = new AUDHandler(); public string reqCurName; public int reqAmt; public string results; public string requestID; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); h1.SetSuccessor(h2); h2.SetSuccessor(h3); } // "Handler" private void button1_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e) { reqCurName = txtInput.Text; reqAmt = Convert.ToInt32(txtAmt.Text.ToString()); results = h1.HandleRequest(reqCurName, reqAmt); if (results != "") { lblResult.Text = results; lblResult.Visible = true; } } abstract class Handler { protected Handler successor; public string retrn; public void SetSuccessor(Handler successor) { this.successor = successor; } public abstract string HandleRequest(string requestID, int reqAmt); } // "USD Handler" class USDHandler : Handler { public override string HandleRequest(string requestID, int reqAmt) { if (requestID == "USD") { retrn = "Request handled by " + this.GetType().Name + " \nConversion from Euro to USD is " + reqAmt/0.630479; return (retrn); } else if (successor != null) { retrn = successor.HandleRequest(requestID, reqAmt); } return (retrn); } } // "CAD Handler" class CADHandler : Handler { public override string HandleRequest(string requestID, int reqAmt) { if (requestID == "CAD") { retrn = "Request handled by " + this.GetType().Name + " \nConversion from Euro to CAD is " + reqAmt /0.617971; return (retrn); } else if (successor != null) { retrn = successor.HandleRequest(requestID, reqAmt); } return (retrn); } } // "AUD Handler" class AUDHandler : Handler { public override string HandleRequest(string requestID, int reqAmt) { if (requestID == "AUD") { requestID = "Request handled by " + this.GetType().Name + " \nConversion from Euro to AUD is " + reqAmt / 0.585386; return (requestID); } else if (successor != null) { retrn = successor.HandleRequest(requestID, reqAmt); } return (requestID); } } } }

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  • Can you pass by reference in Java?

    - by dbones
    Hi. Sorry if this sounds like a newbie question, but the other day a Java developer mentioned about passing a paramter by reference (by which it was ment just pass a Reference object) From a C# perspective I can pass a reference type by value or by reference, this is also true to value types I have written a noddie console application to show what i mean.. can i do this in Java? namespace ByRefByVal { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //Creating of the object Person p1 = new Person(); p1.Name = "Dave"; PrintIfObjectIsNull(p1); //should not be null //A copy of the Reference is made and sent to the method PrintUserNameByValue(p1); PrintIfObjectIsNull(p1); //the actual reference is passed to the method PrintUserNameByRef(ref p1); //<-- I know im passing the Reference PrintIfObjectIsNull(p1); Console.ReadLine(); } private static void PrintIfObjectIsNull(Object o) { if (o == null) { Console.WriteLine("object is null"); } else { Console.WriteLine("object still references something"); } } /// <summary> /// this takes in a Reference type of Person, by value /// </summary> /// <param name="person"></param> private static void PrintUserNameByValue(Person person) { Console.WriteLine(person.Name); person = null; //<- this cannot affect the orginal reference, as it was passed in by value. } /// <summary> /// this takes in a Reference type of Person, by reference /// </summary> /// <param name="person"></param> private static void PrintUserNameByRef(ref Person person) { Console.WriteLine(person.Name); person = null; //this has access to the orginonal reference, allowing us to alter it, either make it point to a different object or to nothing. } } class Person { public string Name { get; set; } } } If it java cannot do this, then its just passing a reference type by value? (is that fair to say) Many thanks Bones

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  • Parallel For Loop - Problems when adding to a List - Possible .Net Bugs

    - by Kevin Crowell
    I am having some issues involving Parallel for loops and adding to a List. The problem is, the same code may generate different output at different times. I have set up some test code below. In this code, I create a List of 10,000 int values. 1/10th of the values will be 0, 1/10th of the values will be 1, all the way up to 1/10th of the values being 9. After setting up this List, I setup a Parallel for loop that iterates through the list. If the current number is 0, I add a value to a new List. After the Parallel for loop completes, I output the size of the list. The size should always be 1,000. Most of the time, the correct answer is given. However, I have seen 3 possible incorrect outcomes occur: The size of the list is less than 1,000 An IndexOutOfRangeException occurs @ doubleList.Add(0.0); An ArgumentException occurs @ doubleList.Add(0.0); The message for the ArgumentException given was: Destination array was not long enough. Check destIndex and length, and the array's lower bounds. What could be causing the errors? Is this a .Net bug? Is there something I can do to prevent this from happening? Please try the code for yourself. If you do not get an error, try it a few times. Please also note that you probably will not see any errors using a single-core machine. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ParallelTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<int> intList = new List<int>(); List<double> doubleList = new List<double>(); for (int i = 0; i < 250; i++) { intList.Clear(); doubleList.Clear(); for (int j = 0; j < 10000; j++) { intList.Add(j % 10); } Parallel.For(0, intList.Count, j => { if (intList[j] == 0) { doubleList.Add(0.0); } }); if (doubleList.Count != 1000) { Console.WriteLine("On iteration " + i + ": List size = " + doubleList.Count); } } Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to exit."); Console.ReadKey(); } } }

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  • What Can I Do To One Of My Team Number (Good Friend As Well) Who Lost His Passion.

    - by skyflyer
    It seems this question is not program related, but there are lot of similar questions. So please bear with me! By the way, I am programmer and my team is also charging a software project. And SO is the only place which solved me lot of thorny troubles!THANK YOU GUYS! I joined my company with him years ago. At that time he was quite passionate on his job which is a front-end development. He gave us lot of useful suggestions concerning his work like design. And I believed he was a smart guy. I believe he still is smart too by the way. One years later, however, he seemed lost his passion and fooling around every day, did not care about his work any more and produced poorwork. Even worse he literally stopped learning new skills and honing his work related skills. For me it is horrible, we got to keep abreast with new technology development, otherwise we will be throw out. Since we were just coworkers, I did not care about it too much except mentioned my thoughts several times. But last month, we resembled a new group and assigned very important project. And I am the team leader, sadly! My boss gave me lot of support and expectation as well. I did a pretty good job before and I am very optimism to our future. But as a team, if my team does not work hard, we will be doomed to failure no matter how hard I work and push. In order to revitalize his passion, I tried couple of ways like talking to him about my concern and my boss's angry. I offered his new task which is quite new to him. I even persuaded my boss to give him new incentive package. But all of them knocked wall. His reaction was just he did not care. Even worse he did not want to talk about his situation. I want to be hard on him, but since we are friends and coworkers, I really can not see it will work. Even it works, I can not so quickly change my self from friend and coworker into manager. As a novice in management, I am really overwhelmed! I do not want get him fired, we are friends and I do not see him fired as my team number. What can I do? Thank you guys!

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  • How can I load a file into a DataBag from within a Yahoo PigLatin UDF?

    - by Cervo
    I have a Pig program where I am trying to compute the minimum center between two bags. In order for it to work, I found I need to COGROUP the bags into a single dataset. The entire operation takes a long time. I want to either open one of the bags from disk within the UDF, or to be able to pass another relation into the UDF without needing to COGROUP...... Code: # **** Load files for iteration **** register myudfs.jar; wordcounts = LOAD 'input/wordcounts.txt' USING PigStorage('\t') AS (PatentNumber:chararray, word:chararray, frequency:double); centerassignments = load 'input/centerassignments/part-*' USING PigStorage('\t') AS (PatentNumber: chararray, oldCenter: chararray, newCenter: chararray); kcenters = LOAD 'input/kcenters/part-*' USING PigStorage('\t') AS (CenterID:chararray, word:chararray, frequency:double); kcentersa1 = CROSS centerassignments, kcenters; kcentersa = FOREACH kcentersa1 GENERATE centerassignments::PatentNumber as PatentNumber, kcenters::CenterID as CenterID, kcenters::word as word, kcenters::frequency as frequency; #***** Assign to nearest k-mean ******* assignpre1 = COGROUP wordcounts by PatentNumber, kcentersa by PatentNumber; assignwork2 = FOREACH assignpre1 GENERATE group as PatentNumber, myudfs.kmeans(wordcounts, kcentersa) as CenterID; basically my issue is that for each patent I need to pass the sub relations (wordcounts, kcenters). In order to do this, I do a cross and then a COGROUP by PatentNumber in order to get the set PatentNumber, {wordcounts}, {kcenters}. If I could figure a way to pass a relation or open up the centers from within the UDF, then I could just GROUP wordcounts by PatentNumber and run myudfs.kmeans(wordcount) which is hopefully much faster without the CROSS/COGROUP. This is an expensive operation. Currently this takes about 20 minutes and appears to tack the CPU/RAM. I was thinking it might be more efficient without the CROSS. I'm not sure it will be faster, so I'd like to experiment. Anyway it looks like calling the Loading functions from within Pig needs a PigContext object which I don't get from an evalfunc. And to use the hadoop file system, I need some initial objects as well, which I don't see how to get. So my question is how can I open a file from the hadoop file system from within a PIG UDF? I also run the UDF via main for debugging. So I need to load from the normal filesystem when in debug mode. Another better idea would be if there was a way to pass a relation into a UDF without needing to CROSS/COGROUP. This would be ideal, particularly if the relation resides in memory.. ie being able to do myudfs.kmeans(wordcounts, kcenters) without needing the CROSS/COGROUP with kcenters... But the basic idea is to trade IO for RAM/CPU cycles. Anyway any help will be much appreciated, the PIG UDFs aren't super well documented beyond the most simple ones, even in the UDF manual.

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  • C++: compute a number's complement and its number of possible mismatches

    - by Eagle
    I got a bit stuck with my algorithm and I need some help to solve my problem. I think an example would explain better my problem. Assuming: d = 4 (maximum number of allowed bits in a number, 2^4-1=15). m_max = 1 (maximum number of allowed bits mismatches). kappa = (maximum number of elements to find for a given d and m, where m in m_max) The main idea is for a given number, x, to compute its complement number (in binary base) and all the possible combinations for up to m_max mismatches from x complement's number. Now the program start to scan from i = 0 till 15. for i = 0 and m = 0, kappa = \binom{d}{0} = 1 (this called a perfect match) possible combinations in bits, is only 1111 (for 0: 0000). for i = 0 and m = 1, kappa = \binom{d}{1} = 4 (one mismatch) possible combinations in bits are: 1000, 0100, 0010 and 0001 My problem was to generalize it to general d and m. I wrote the following code: #include <stdlib.h> #include <iomanip> #include <boost/math/special_functions/binomial.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <stdint.h> #include <vector> namespace vec { typedef std::vector<unsigned int> uint_1d_vec_t; } int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { int counter, d, m; unsigned num_combination, bits_mask, bit_mask, max_num_mismatch; uint_1d_vec_t kappa; d = 4; m = 2; bits_mask = 2^num_bits - 1; for ( unsigned i = 0 ; i < num_elemets ; i++ ) { counter = 0; for ( unsigned m = 0 ; m < max_num_mismatch ; m++ ) { // maximum number of allowed combinations num_combination = boost::math::binomial_coefficient<double>( static_cast<unsigned>( d ), static_cast<unsigned>(m) ); kappa.push_back( num_combination ); for ( unsigned j = 0 ; j < kappa.at(m) ; j++ ) { if ( m == 0 ) v[i][counter++] = i^bits_mask; // M_0 else { bit_mask = 1 << ( num_bits - j ); v[i][counter++] = v[i][0] ^ bits_mask } } } } return 0; } I got stuck in the line v[i][counter++] = v[i][0] ^ bits_mask since I was unable to generalize my algorithm to m_max1, since I needed for m_max mismatches m_max loops and in my original problem, m is unknown until runtime.

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  • Validate an Xml file against a DTD with a proxy. C# 2.0

    - by Chris Dunaway
    I have looked at many examples for validating an XML file against a DTD, but have not found one that allows me to use a proxy. I have a cXml file as follows (abbreviated for display) which I wish to validate: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE cXML SYSTEM "http://xml.cxml.org/schemas/cXML/1.2.018/InvoiceDetail.dtd"> <cXML payloadID="123456" timestamp="2009-12-10T10:05:30-06:00"> <!-- content snipped --> </cXML> I am trying to create a simple C# program to validate the xml against the DTD. I have tried code such as the following but cannot figure out how to get it to use a proxy: private static bool isValid = false; static void Main(string[] args) { try { XmlTextReader r = new XmlTextReader(args[0]); XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings(); XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); settings.ProhibitDtd = false; settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.DTD; settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(v_ValidationEventHandler); XmlReader validator = XmlReader.Create(r, settings); while (validator.Read()) ; validator.Close(); // Check whether the document is valid or invalid. if (isValid) Console.WriteLine("Document is valid"); else Console.WriteLine("Document is invalid"); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); } } static void v_ValidationEventHandler(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e) { isValid = false; Console.WriteLine("Validation event\n" + e.Message); } The exception I receive is System.Net.WebException: The remote server returned an error: (407) Proxy Authentication Required. which occurs on the line while (validator.Read()) ; I know I can validate against a DTD locally, but I don't want to change the xml DOCTYPE since that is what the final form needs to be (this app is solely for diagnostic purposes). For more information about the cXML spec, you can go to cxml.org. I appreciate any assistance. Thanks

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  • How to display specific data from a file

    - by user1067332
    My program is supposed to ask the user for firstname, lastname, and phone number till the users stops. Then when to display it asks for the first name and does a search in the text file to find all info with the same first name and display lastname and phones of the matches. import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.Scanner; public class WritePhoneList { public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException { BufferedWriter output = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File( "PhoneFile.txt"), true)); String name, lname, age; int pos,choice; try { do { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter First name, last name, and phone number "); name = input.nextLine(); output.write(name); output.newLine(); System.out.print("Would you like to add another? yes(1)/no(2)"); choice = input.nextInt(); }while(choice == 1); output.close(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println("Message: " + e); } } } Here is the display code, when i search for a name, it finds a match but displays the last name and phone number of the same name 3 times, I want it to display all of the possible matches with the first name. import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.Scanner; public class DisplaySelectedNumbers { public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException { String name; String strLine; try { FileInputStream fstream = new FileInputStream("PhoneFile.txt"); // Get the object of DataInputStream DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(fstream); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter a first name"); name = input.nextLine(); strLine= br.readLine(); String[] line = strLine.split(" "); String part1 = line[0]; String part2 = line[1]; String part3 = line[2]; //Read File Line By Line while ((strLine= br.readLine()) != null) { if(name.equals(part1)) { // Print the content on the console System.out.print("\n" + part2 + " " + part3); } } }catch (Exception e) {//Catch exception if any System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage()); } } }

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  • Garbage Collector not doing its job. Memory Consumption = 1.5GB & OutOFMemory Exception.

    - by imageWorker
    I'm working with images (each of size = 5MB). The following code extract some information from each image that is present in the given directory. I'm getting out of memory exception. The size of the process is around (1.5GB). I don't know why garbage collector is not freeing memory. I even tried adding GC.Collect() as last line of foreach loop. Still I'm getting 'OutOFMemory' using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.IO; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; namespace TrainSVM { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { FileStream fs = new FileStream("dg.train",FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs); String[] filePathArr = Directory.GetFiles("E:\\images\\"); foreach (string filePath in filePathArr) { if (filePath.Contains("lmn")) { sw.Write("1 "); Console.Write("1 "); } else { sw.Write("1 "); Console.Write("1 "); } Bitmap originalBMP = new Bitmap(filePath); /***********************/ Bitmap imageBody; ImageBody.ImageBody im = new ImageBody.ImageBody(originalBMP); imageBody = im.GetImageBody(-1); /* white coat */ Bitmap whiteCoatBitmap = Rgb2Hsi.Rgb2Hsi.GetHuePlane(imageBody); float WhiteCoatPixelPercentage = Rgb2Hsi.Rgb2Hsi.GetWhiteCoatPixelPercentage(whiteCoatBitmap); //Console.Write("whiteDone\t"); sw.Write("1:" + WhiteCoatPixelPercentage + " "); Console.Write("1:" + WhiteCoatPixelPercentage + " "); /******************/ Quaternion.Quaternion qtr = new Quaternion.Quaternion(-15); Bitmap yellowCoatBMP = qtr.processImage(imageBody); //yellowCoatBMP.Save("yellowCoat.bmp"); float yellowCoatPixelPercentage = qtr.GetYellowCoatPixelPercentage(yellowCoatBMP); //Console.Write("yellowCoatDone\t"); sw.Write("2:" + yellowCoatPixelPercentage + " "); Console.Write("2:" + yellowCoatPixelPercentage + " "); /**********************/ Bitmap balckPatchBitmap = BlackPatchDetection.BlackPatchDetector.MarkBlackPatches(imageBody); float BlackPatchPixelPercentage = BlackPatchDetection.BlackPatchDetector.BlackPatchPercentage; //Console.Write("balckPatchDone\n"); sw.Write("3:" + BlackPatchPixelPercentage + "\n"); Console.Write("3:" + BlackPatchPixelPercentage + "\n"); balckPatchBitmap.Dispose(); yellowCoatBMP.Dispose(); whiteCoatBitmap.Dispose(); originalBMP.Dispose(); sw.Flush(); } sw.Dispose(); fs.Dispose(); } } }

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  • Loading a SWF dynamically causes previously loaded SWFs to misbehave

    - by Aaron
    I have run into a very strange problem with Flash and Flex. It appears that under certain circumstances, movie clips from a SWF loaded at runtime (using Loader) cannot be instantiated if another SWF has been loaded in the mean time. Here is the complete code for a program that reproduces the error. It is compiled using mxmlc, via Ensemble Tofino: package { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.net.*; import flash.system.*; public class DynamicLoading extends Sprite { private var testAppDomain:ApplicationDomain; public function DynamicLoading() { var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("http://localhost/content/test.swf"); var loader:Loader = new Loader(); loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onTestLoadComplete); loader.load(request); } private function onTestLoadComplete(e:Event):void { var loaderInfo:LoaderInfo = LoaderInfo(e.target); testAppDomain = loaderInfo.applicationDomain; // To get the error, uncomment these lines... //var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("http://localhost/content/tiny.swf"); //var loader:Loader = new Loader(); //loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onTinyLoadComplete); //loader.load(request); // ...and comment this one: onTinyLoadComplete(); } private function onTinyLoadComplete(e:Event = null):void { var spriteClass:Class = Class(testAppDomain.getDefinition("TopSymbol")); var sprite:Sprite = Sprite(new spriteClass()); sprite.x = sprite.y = 200; addChild(sprite); } } } With the second loading operation commented out as shown above, the code works. However, if the second loading operation is uncommented and onTinyLoadComplete runs after the second SWF is loaded, the line containing new spriteClass() fails with the following exception: TypeError: Error #1034: Type Coercion failed: cannot convert flash.display::MovieClip@2dc8ba1 to SubSymbol. at flash.display::Sprite/constructChildren() at flash.display::Sprite() at flash.display::MovieClip() at TopSymbol() at DynamicLoading/onTinyLoadComplete()[C:\Users\...\TestFlash\DynamicLoading.as:38] test.swf and tiny.swf were created in Flash CS4. test.swf contains two symbols, both exported for ActionScript, one called TopSymbol and one called SubSymbol. SubSymbol contains a simple graphic (a scribble) and TopSymbol contains a single instance of SubSymbol. tiny.swf contains nothing; it is the result of publishing a new, empty ActionScript 3 project. If I modify test.swf so that SubSymbol is not exported for ActionScript, the error goes away, but in our real project we need the ability to dynamically load sprite classes that contain other, exported sprite classes as children. Any ideas as to what is causing this, or how to fix it?

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  • What Regex can strip e.g. "note:" and "firstName: " from the left of a string?

    - by Edward Tanguay
    I need to strip the "label" off the front of strings, e.g. note: this is a note needs to return: note and this is a note I've produced the following code example but am having trouble with the regexes. What code do I need in the two ???????? areas below so that I get the desired results shown in the comments? using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; namespace TestRegex8822 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<string> lines = new List<string>(); lines.Add("note: this is a note"); lines.Add("test: just a test"); lines.Add("test:\t\t\tjust a test"); lines.Add("firstName: Jim"); //"firstName" IS a label because it does NOT contain a space lines.Add("She said this to him: follow me."); //this is NOT a label since there is a space before the colon lines.Add("description: this is the first description"); lines.Add("description:this is the second description"); //no space after colon lines.Add("this is a line with no label"); foreach (var line in lines) { Console.WriteLine(StringHelpers.GetLabelFromLine(line)); Console.WriteLine(StringHelpers.StripLabelFromLine(line)); Console.WriteLine("--"); //note //this is a note //-- //test //just a test //-- //test //just a test //-- //firstName //Jim //-- // //She said this to him: follow me. //-- //description //this is the first description //-- //description //this is the first description //-- // //this is a line with no label //-- } Console.ReadLine(); } } public static class StringHelpers { public static string GetLabelFromLine(this string line) { string label = line.GetMatch(@"^?:(\s)"); //??????????????? if (!label.IsNullOrEmpty()) return label; else return ""; } public static string StripLabelFromLine(this string line) { return ...//??????????????? } public static bool IsNullOrEmpty(this string line) { return String.IsNullOrEmpty(line); } } public static class RegexHelpers { public static string GetMatch(this string text, string regex) { Match match = Regex.Match(text, regex); if (match.Success) { string theMatch = match.Groups[0].Value; return theMatch; } else { return null; } } } }

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  • Read variable-length records from a buffer - weird memory issues

    - by bsg
    Hi, I'm trying to implement an i/o intensive quicksort (C++ qsort) on a very large dataset. In the interests of speed, I'd like to read in a chunk of data at a time into a buffer and then use qsort to sort it inside the buffer. (I am currently working with text files but would like to move to binary soon.) However, my data is composed of variable-length records, and qsort needs to be told the length of the record in order to sort. Is there any way to standardize this? The only thing I could think of was rather convoluted: my program currently reads from the buffer until it hits a linefeed character ('10' in ascii), transferring each character over to another array. When it finds a linefeed (the delimiter in the input file), it fills the number of spaces remaining in the buffer for that record (record size is set to 30) with null characters. This way, I should end up with a buffer full of fixed-size records to give qsort. I know there are several problems with my approach, one being that it's just clumsy, another that the record size might conceivably be larger than 30, but is generally much less. Is there a better way of doing this? As well, my current code doesn't even work. When I debug it, it seems to be transferring characters from one buffer to the other, but when I try to print out the buffer, it contains only the first record. Here is my code: FILE *fp; unsigned char *buff; unsigned char *realbuff; FILE *inputFiles[NUM_INPUT_FILES]; buff = (unsigned char *) malloc(2048); realbuff = (unsigned char *) malloc(NUM_RECORDS * RECORD_SIZE); fp = fopen("postings0.txt", "r"); if(fp) { fread(buff, 1, 2048, fp); /*for(int i=0; i <30; i++) cout << buff[i] <<endl;*/ int y=0; int recordcounter = 0; //cout << buff; for(int i=0;i <100; i++) { if(buff[i] != char(10)) { realbuff[y] = buff[i]; y++; recordcounter++; } else { if(recordcounter < RECORD_SIZE) for(int j=recordcounter; j < RECORD_SIZE;j++) { realbuff[y] = char(0); y++; } recordcounter = 0; } } cout << realbuff <<endl; cout << buff; } else cout << "sorry"; Thank you very much, bsg

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  • How to do a search from a list with non-prefix keywords[Solved]

    - by aNui
    The Problem is Solved. Thanks for every answers. First of all, sorry if my english or my post got any mistakes. I am programming a program to search the name from the list and I need to find them even if the keyword is not in front of the names (that's what I mean non-prefix) e.g. if I my list is the music instruments and I type "guit" to the search textbox. It should find the names "Guitar, Guitarrón, Acoustic Guitar, Bass Guitar, ..." or something like this Longdo Dictionary's search suggestion. here is my simple and stupid algorithm (that's all I can do) const int SEARCHROWLIMIT = 30; private string[] DoSearch(string Input, string[] ListToSearch) { List<string> FoundNames = new List<string>(); int max = 0; bool over = false; for (int k = 0; !over; k++) { foreach (string item in ListToSearch) { max = (max > item.Length) ? max : item.Length; if (k > item.Length) continue; if (k >= max) { over = true; break; } if (!Input.Equals("Search") && item.Substring(k, item.Length - k).StartsWith(Input, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { bool exist = false; int i = 0; while (!exist && i < FoundNames.Count) { if (item.Equals(FoundNames[i])) { exist = true; break; } i++; } if (!exist && FoundNames.Count < SEARCHROWLIMIT) FoundNames.Add(item); else if (FoundNames.Count >= SEARCHROWLIMIT) over = true; } } } return FoundNames.ToArray(); } I think this algorithm is too slow for a large number of names and after several trial-and-error, I decided to add SEARCHROWLIMIT to breaks the operation And I also think there're some readymade methods that can do that. And another problem is I need to search music instruments by a category like strings, percussions, ... and by the country of origins. So I need to search them with filter by type and country. please help me. P.S. Me and my friends are just student from Thailand and developing the project to compete in Microsoft Imagine Cup 2010 and please become fan on our facebook page [KRATIB][3]. And we're so sorry we don't have much information in English but you can talk to us in English.

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  • Cpp some basic problems

    - by DevAno1
    Hello. My task was as follows : Create class Person with char*name and int age. Implement contructor using dynamic allocation of memory for variables, destructor, function init and friend function show. Then transform this class to header and cpp file and implement in other program. Ok so I've almost finished my Person class, but I get error after destructor. First question is how to write this properly ? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Person { char* name; int age; public: int * take_age(); Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete *[] name; delete * take_age(); } friend void(Person &p); int * Person::take_age(){ return age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } void show(Person &p){ cout << "Name: " << p.name << "," << "age: " << p.age << endl; } }; int main(void) { Person *p = new Person; p->init("Mary", 25); p.show(); system("PAUSE"); return 0; } And now with header/implementation part : - do I need to introduce constructor in header/implementation files ? If yes - how? - my show() function is a friendly function. Should I take it into account somehow ? I already failed to return this task on my exam, but still I'd like to know how to implement it.

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  • How to populate JList with data from another JList

    - by Zhen Le
    I have a MySQL database which contains data i would like to populate into a JList in my java program. I have two JList, one which is fill with Events Title and the second is to be fill with Guest Name. What i would like is when the user click on any of the Events Title, the second JList will show all the Guest Name that belong to that Event. I have already successfully populate the first JList with all the Events Title. What I'm having trouble with is when the user click on the Events Title, the Guests Name will show twice on the second JList. How can i make it to show only once? Here is what i got so far... Java Class private JList getJListEvents() { if (jListEvents == null) { jListEvents = new JList(); Border border = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(BorderFactory.createBevelBorder(1, Color.black, Color.black), "Events", TitledBorder.LEFT, TitledBorder.TOP); jListEvents.setBorder(border); jListEvents.setModel(new DefaultListModel()); jListEvents.setBounds(new Rectangle(15, 60, 361, 421)); Events lEvents = new Events(); lEvents.loadEvents(jListEvents); jListEvents.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener(){ public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e){ EventC eventC = new EventC(); //eventC.MonitorRegDetailsInfo(jListEvents, jTextFieldEventName, jTextFieldEventVenue, jTextFieldEventDate, jTextFieldEventTime, jTextAreaEventDesc); //eventC.MonitorRegPackageInfo(jListEvents, jTextFieldBallroom, jTextFieldBallroomPrice, jTextFieldMeal, jTextFieldMealPrice, jTextFieldEntertainment, jTextFieldEntertainmentPrice); eventC.MonitorRegGuest(jListEvents, jListGuest); } }); } return jListEvents; } Controller Class public void MonitorRegGuest(JList l, JList l2){ String event = l.getSelectedValue().toString(); Events retrieveGuest = new Events(event); retrieveGuest.loadGuests(l2); } Class with all the sql statement public void loadGuests(JList l){ ResultSet rs = null; ResultSet rs2 = null; ResultSet rs3 = null; MySQLController db = new MySQLController(); db.getConnection(); String sqlQuery = "SELECT MemberID FROM event WHERE EventName = '" + EventName + "'"; try { rs = db.readRequest(sqlQuery); while(rs.next()){ MemberID = rs.getString("MemberID"); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String sqlQuery2 = "SELECT GuestListID FROM guestlist WHERE MemberID = '" + MemberID + "'"; try { rs2 = db.readRequest(sqlQuery2); while(rs2.next()){ GuestListID = rs2.getString("GuestListID"); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String sqlQuery3 = "SELECT Name FROM guestcontact WHERE GuestListID = '" + GuestListID + "'"; try { rs3 = db.readRequest(sqlQuery3); while(rs3.next()){ ((DefaultListModel)l.getModel()).addElement(rs3.getString("Name")); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } db.terminate(); } Thanks in advance!

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  • Create class instance in assembly from string name

    - by Arcadian
    I'm not sure if this is possible, and I'm quite new to using assemblies in C#.NET. What I would like to do is to create an instance of a class when supplied the string name of that class. Something like this: using MyAssembly; namespace MyNameSpace { Class MyClass { int MyValue1; int MyValue2; public MyClass(string myTypeName) { foreach(Type type in MyAssembly) { if((string)type == myTypeName) { //create a new instance of the type } } AssignInitialValues(//the type created above) } //Here I use an abstract type which the type above inherits from private void AssignInitialValues(AbstractType myClass) { this.value1 = myClass.value1; this.value2 = myClass.value2; } } } Obviously you cannot compare strings to types but it illustrates what I'm trying to do: create a type from a supplied string. Any thoughts? EDIT: After attempting: var myObject = (AbstractType) Activator.CreateInstance(null, myTypeName); AssignInitialValues(myObject); I get a number of errors: Inconsistent accessibility: parameter type 'MyAssembly.AbstractType' is less accessible than method 'MyNameSpace.MyClass.AssignInitialValues(MyAssembly.AstractType)' 'MyAssembly.AstractType' is inaccessible due to it's protection level The type or namespace name 'MyAssembly' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) The type or namespace name 'AbstractType' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) Not exactly sure why it can't find the assembly; I've added a reference to the assembly and I use a Using Directive for the namespace in the assembly. As for the protection level, it's calling classes (or rather the constructors of classes) which can only be public. Any clues on where the problem is? UPDATE: After looking through several articles on SO I came across this: http://stackoverflow.com/a/1632609/360627 Making the AbstractTypeclass public solved the issue of inconsistent accessibility. The new compiler error is this: Cannot convert type 'System.Runtime.Remoting.ObjectHandle' to 'MyAssembly.AbstractType' The line it references is this one: var myObject = (AbstractType) Activator.CreateInstance(null, myTypeName); Using .Unwrap() get's me past this error and I think it's the right way to do it (uncertain). However, when running the program I then get a TypeLoadException when this code is called. TypeLoadException: Could not load type ‘AbstractType’ from assembly ‘MyNameSpace'... Right away I can spot that the type its looking for is correct but the assembly it's looking in is wrong. Looking up the Activator.CreateInstance(String, String) method revealed that the null as the first argument means that the method will look in the executing assembly. This is contrary to the required behavior as in the original post. I've tried using MyAssembly as the first argument but this produces the error: 'MyAssembly' is a 'namespace' but is used like a 'variable' Any thoughts on how to fix this?

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  • Escaping Code for Different Shells

    - by Jon Purdy
    Question: What characters do I need to escape in a user-entered string to securely pass it into shells on Windows and Unix? What shell differences and version differences should be taken into account? Can I use printf "%q" somehow, and is that reliable across shells? Backstory (a.k.a. Shameless Self-Promotion): I made a little DSL, the Vision Web Template Language, which allows the user to create templates for X(HT)ML documents and fragments, then automatically fill them in with content. It's designed to separate template logic from dynamic content generation, in the same way that CSS is used to separate markup from presentation. In order to generate dynamic content, a Vision script must defer to a program written in a language that can handle the generation logic, such as Perl or Python. (Aside: using PHP is also possible, but Vision is intended to solve some of the very problems that PHP perpetuates.) In order to do this, the script makes use of the @system directive, which executes a shell command and expands to its output. (Platform-specific generation can be handled using @unix or @windows, which only expand on the proper platform.) The problem is obvious, I should think: test.htm: <!-- ... --> <form action="login.vis" method="POST"> <input type="text" name="USERNAME"/> <input type="password" name="PASSWORD"/> </form> <!-- ... --> login.vis: #!/usr/bin/vision # Think USERNAME = ";rm -f;" @system './login.pl' { USERNAME; PASSWORD } One way to safeguard against this kind of attack is to set proper permissions on scripts and directories, but Web developers may not always set things up correctly, and the naive developer should get just as much security as the experienced one. The solution, logically, is to include a @quote directive that produces a properly escaped string for the current platform. @system './login.pl' { @quote : USERNAME; @quote : PASSWORD } But what should @quote actually do? It needs to be both cross-platform and secure, and I don't want to create terrible problems with a naive implementation. Any thoughts?

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