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• "Closures are poor man's objects" - What does this mean?

  - by Rahul G

  Closures are poor man's objects and vice versa. I have seen this statement at many places on the web (including SO) but I don't quite understand what it means. Could someone please explain what it exactly means? If possible, please include examples in your answer. Thanks.

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• should I ever put a major version number into a C#/Java namespace?

  - by Andrew Patterson

  I am designing a set of 'service' layer objects (data objects and interface definitions) for a WCF web service (that will be consumed by third party clients i.e. not in-house, so outside my direct control). I know that I am not going to get the interface definition exactly right - and am wanting to prepare for the time when I know that I will have to introduce a breaking set of new data objects. However, the reality of the world I am in is that I will also need to run my first version simultaneously for quite a while. The first version of my service will have URL of http://host/app/v1service.svc and when the times comes by new version will live at http://host/app/v2service.svc However, when it comes to the data objects and interfaces, I am toying with putting the 'major' version of the interface number into the actual namespace of the classes. namespace Company.Product.V1 { [DataContract(Namespace = "company-product-v1")] public class Widget { [DataMember] string widgetName; } public interface IFunction { Widget GetWidgetData(int code); } } When the time comes for a fundamental change to the service, I will introduce some classes like namespace Company.Product.V2 { [DataContract(Namespace = "company-product-v2")] public class Widget { [DataMember] int widgetCode; [DataMember] int widgetExpiry; } public interface IFunction { Widget GetWidgetData(int code); } } The advantages as I see it are that I will be able to have a single set of code serving both interface versions, sharing functionality where possible. This is because I will be able to reference both interface versions as a distinct set of C# objects. Similarly, clients may use both interface versions simultaneously, perhaps using V1.Widget in some legacy code whilst new bits move on to V2.Widget. Can anyone tell why this is a stupid idea? I have a nagging feeling that this is a bit smelly.. notes: I am obviously not proposing every single new version of the service would be in a new namespace. Presumably I will do as many non-breaking interface changes as possible, but I know that I will hit a point where all the data modelling will probably need a significant rewrite. I understand assembly versioning etc but I think this question is tangential to that type of versioning. But I could be wrong.

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• How to build C# object from a FormCollection with complex keys

  - by ob

  i have a javascript object, obj, that gets passed to an mvc action via a $.post() like so: var obj = { Items: [{ Text: "", Value: { Property1: "", Property2: "" }, { Text: "", Value: { Property1: "", Property2: "" }] }; $.post('MyAction', obj, function() {}); the action signature looks like this: public ActionResult MyAction(FormCollection collection) { } i need to be able to build an object from the FormCollection, however i'm running into an issue where the keys are in the form: "Items[0][Text]" "Items[0][Value][Property1]" "Items[0][Value][Property2]" "Items[1][Text]" "Items[1][Value][Property1]" "Items[1][Value][Property2]" i'm wondering if there's a clean way to build the desired C# object from the given FormCollection. i understand that i could change the action method signature to take in the type of object i'm interested in, but that was presenting its own issues.

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• How do I use a modalViewController Identically in Two Controllers?

  - by Theory

  I'm using the Three20 TTMessageController in my app. I've figured out how to use it, adding on a bunch of other stuff (including TTMessageControllerDelegate methods and ABPeoplePickerNavigationControllerDelegate methods). It works great for me, after a bit of a struggle to figure it out. The trouble I'm having now is a design issue: I want to use it identically in two different places, including with the same delegate methods. My current approach is that I've put all the code into a single class inheriting from NSObject, called ComposerProxy, and I'm just having the two controllers that use it use the proxy, like so: ComposerProxy *proxy = [[ComposerProxy alloc] initWithController:this]; [proxy go]; The go method constructs the TTMessageController, configures it, adds it to a UINavigationController, and presents it: [self.controller presentModalViewController: navController animated: YES]; This works great, as I have all my code nicely encapsulated in ComposerProxy and I need only the above two lines anywhere I want to use it. The downside, though, is that I can't dealloc the proxy variable without getting crashes. I can't autorelease it, either: same problem. So I'm wondering if my proxy approach is a poor one. How does one normally encapsulate a bunch of behaviors like this without requiring a lot of duplicate code in the classes that use it? Do I need to add a delegate class to my ComposerProxy and make the controller responsible for dismissing the modal view controller in a hypothetical composerDidFinish method or some such? Many TIA!

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• How to apply Single Responsibility Principle to a service class

  - by Shekhar

  Hello Suppose we are designing a UserServiceImpl class which does CRUD(Create, Read, Update, and Delete) operations. In my view Create, Read, Update, and Delete are four reasons for a class to change. Does this class violates Single Responsibility Principle? If it violates, then should we have four classes like CreateUserServiceImpl, ReadUserServiceImpl, UpdateUserServiceImpl, and DeleteUserServiceImpl. Isn't it an overkill to have lots of classes? Thanks Shekhar

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• What means the letter "E" in the Ecore?

  - by Gabriel Šcerbák

  Is it maybe EMF or EMOF? Eclipse? Or something totally different or nothing at all...?

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• How can I model the data in a multi-language data editor in WPF with MVVM?

  - by Patrick Szalapski

  Are there any good practices to follow when designing a model/ViewModel to represent data in an app that will view/edit that data in multiple languages? Our top-level class--let's call it Course--contains several collection properties, say Books and TopicsCovered, which each might have a collection property among its data. For example, the data needs to represent course1.Books.First().Title in different languages, and course1.TopicsCovered.First().Name in different languages. We want a app that can edit any of the data for one given course in any of the available languages--as well as edit non-language-specific data, perhaps the Author of a Book (i.e. course1.Books.First().Author). We are having trouble figuring out how best to set up the model to enable binding in the XAML view. For example, do we replace (in the single-language model) each String with a collection of LanguageSpecificString instances? So to get the author in the current language: course1.Books.First().Author.Where(Function(a) a.Language = CurrentLanguage).SingleOrDefault If we do that, we cannot easily bind to any value in one given language, only to the collection of language values such as in an ItemsControl. <TextBox Text={Binding Author.???} /> <!-- no way to bind to the current language author --> Do we replace the top-level Course class with a collection of language-specific Courses? So to get the author in the current language: course1.GetLanguage(CurrentLanguage).Books.First.Author If we do that, we can only easily work with one language at a time; we might want a view to show one language and let the user edit the other. <TextBox Text={Binding Author} /> <!-- good --> <TextBlock Text={Binding ??? } /> <!-- no way to bind to the other language author --> Also, that has the disadvantage of not representing language-neutral data as such; every property (such as Author) would seem to be in multiple languages. Even non-string properties would be in multiple languages. Is there an option in between those two? Is there another way that we aren't thinking of? I realize this is somewhat vague, but it would seem to be a somewhat common problem to design for. Note: This is not a question about providing a multilingual UI, but rather about actually editing multi-language data in a flexible way.

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• Interface Design Problem: Storing Result of Transactions

  - by jboyd

  Requirements: multiple sources of input (social media content) into a system multiple destinations of output (social media api's) sources and destinations WILL be added some pseudo: IContentProvider contentProvider = context.getBean("contentProvider"); List<Content> toPost = contentProvider.getContent(); for (Content c : toPost) { SocialMediaPresence smPresence = socialMediaService.getSMPresenceBySomeId(c.getDestId()); smPresence.hasTwitter(); smPresence.hasFacebook(); //just to show what this is smPresence.postContent(c); //post content could fail for some SM platforms, but shoulnd't be lost forever } So now I run out of steam, I need to know what content has been successfully posted, and if it hasn't gone too all platforms, or if another platform were added in the future that content needs to go out for it as well (therefore my content provider will need to not only know if content has gone out, but for what platforms). I'm not looking for code, although sample/pseudo is fine... I'm looking for an approach to this problem that I can implement

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• Observer pattern and violation of Single Principality Rule

  - by Devil Jin

  I have an applet which repaints itself once the text has changed Design 1: //MyApplet.java public class MyApplet extends Applet implements Listener{ private DynamicText text = null; public void init(){ text = new DynamicText("Welcome"); } public void paint(Graphics g){ g.drawString(text.getText(), 50, 30); } //implement Listener update() method public void update(){ repaint(); } } //DynamicText.java public class DynamicText implements Publisher{ // implements Publisher interface methods //notify listeners whenever text changes } Isn't this a violation of Single Responsibility Principle where my Applet not only acts as Applet but also has to do Listener job. Same way DynamicText class not only generates the dynamic text but updates the registered listeners. Design 2: //MyApplet.java public class MyApplet extends Applet{ private AppletListener appLstnr = null; public void init(){ appLstnr = new AppletListener(this); // applet stuff } } // AppletListener.java public class AppletListener implements Listener{ private Applet applet = null; public AppletListener(Applet applet){ this.applet = applet; } public void update(){ this.applet.repaint(); } } // DynamicText public class DynamicText{ private TextPublisher textPblshr = null; public DynamicText(TextPublisher txtPblshr){ this.textPblshr = txtPblshr; } // call textPblshr.notifyListeners whenever text changes } public class TextPublisher implments Publisher{ // implements publisher interface methods } Q1. Is design 1 a SPR violation? Q2. Is composition a better choice here to remove SPR violation as in design 2.

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• How to have a policy class implement a virtual function?

  - by dehmann

  I'm trying to design a policy-based class, where a certain interface is implemented by the policy itself, so the class derives from the policy, which itself is a template (I got this kind of thinking from Alexandrescu's book): #include <iostream> #include <vector> class TestInterface { public: virtual void test() = 0; }; class TestImpl1 { public: void test() {std::cerr << "Impl1" << std::endl;} }; template<class TestPolicy> class Foo : public TestInterface, TestPolicy { }; Then, in the main() function, I call test() on (potentially) various different objects that all implement the same interface: int main() { std::vector<TestInterface*> foos; foos.push_back(new Foo<TestImpl1>()); foos[0]->test(); delete foos[0]; return 0; } It doesn't compile, though, because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘Foo<TestImpl1>’: virtual void TestInterface::test() I thought TestInterface::test() is implemented because we derive from TestImpl1?

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• How does this code break the Law of Demeter?

  - by Dave Jarvis

  The following code breaks the Law of Demeter: public class Student extends Person { private Grades grades; public Student() { } /** Must never return null; throw an appropriately named exception, instead. */ private synchronized Grades getGrades() throws GradesException { if( this.grades == null ) { this.grades = createGrades(); } return this.grades; } /** Create a new instance of grades for this student. */ protected Grades createGrades() throws GradesException { // Reads the grades from the database, if needed. // return new Grades(); } /** Answers if this student was graded by a teacher with the given name. */ public boolean isTeacher( int year, String name ) throws GradesException, TeacherException { // The method only knows about Teacher instances. // return getTeacher( year ).nameEquals( name ); } private Grades getGradesForYear( int year ) throws GradesException { // The method only knows about Grades instances. // return getGrades().getForYear( year ); } private Teacher getTeacher( int year ) throws GradesException, TeacherException { // This method knows about Grades and Teacher instances. A mistake? // return getGradesForYear( year ).getTeacher(); } } public class Teacher extends Person { public Teacher() { } /** * This method will take into consideration first name, * last name, middle initial, case sensitivity, and * eventually it could answer true to wild cards and * regular expressions. */ public boolean nameEquals( String name ) { return getName().equalsIgnoreCase( name ); } /** Never returns null. */ private synchronized String getName() { if( this.name == null ) { this.name == ""; } return this.name; } } Questions How is the LoD broken? Where is the code breaking the LoD? How should the code be written to uphold the LoD?

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• Rhapsody TestConductor Experiences

  - by vaiomike

  I was wondering whether anybody out there is actively using Rhapsody TestConductor? Or has tried it for a while, but then decided to turn it down for a particular reason? If so, what are your experiences, in which field do you apply it, what are the shortcomings, or why did you turn it down? At the moment we're considering TestConductor as our tool of choice for testing as it's already integrated into Rhapsody, and would like to find out how applicable it is to our project (btw, we're using Rhapsody 7.4 in C). P.S: Recommendations on good books about Model Based Testing are also appreciated.

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• What are all the types of classes?

  - by Tom Brito

  I mean, there are Utility classes, Entity classes, GUI/View classes, what more? Is there a list?

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• Saving twice don't update my object in JDO

  - by Javi

  Hello I have an object persisted in the GAE datastore using JDO. The object looks like this: public class MyObject implements Serializable, StoreCallback { @PrimaryKey @Persistent(valueStrategy = IdGeneratorStrategy.IDENTITY) @Extension(vendorName="datanucleus", key="gae.encoded-pk", value="true") private String id; @Persistent private String firstId; ... } As usually when the object is stored for the first time a new id value is generated for the identifier. I need that if I don't provide a value for firstId it sets the same value as the id. I don't want to solve it with a special getter which checks for null value in firstId and then return the id value because I want to make queries relating on firstId. I can do it in this way by saving the object twice (Probably there's a better way to do this, but I'll do it in this way until I find a better one). But it is not working. when I debug it I can see that result.firstId is set with the id value and it seems to be persisted, but when I go into the datastore I see that firstId is null (as it was saved the first time). This save method is in my DAO and it is called in another save method in the service annotated with @Transactional. Does anyone have any idea why the second object in not persisted properly? @Override public MyObject save(MyObject obj) { PersistenceManager pm = JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory("transactions-optional"); MyObject result = pm.makePersistent(obj); if(result.getFirstId() == null){ result.setFirstId(result.getId()); result = pm.makePersistent(result); } return result; } Thanks.

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• How can I improve this design?

  - by klausbyskov

  Let's assume that our system can perform actions, and that an action requires some parameters to do its work. I have defined the following base class for all actions (simplified for your reading pleasure): public abstract class BaseBusinessAction<TActionParameters> : where TActionParameters : IActionParameters { protected BaseBusinessAction(TActionParameters actionParameters) { if (actionParameters == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("actionParameters"); this.Parameters = actionParameters; if (!ParametersAreValid()) throw new ArgumentException("Valid parameters must be supplied", "actionParameters"); } protected TActionParameters Parameters { get; private set; } protected abstract bool ParametersAreValid(); public void CommonMethod() { ... } } Only a concrete implementation of BaseBusinessAction knows how to validate that the parameters passed to it are valid, and therefore the ParametersAreValid is an abstract function. However, I want the base class constructor to enforce that the parameters passed are always valid, so I've added a call to ParametersAreValid to the constructor and I throw an exception when the function returns false. So far so good, right? Well, no. Code analysis is telling me to "not call overridable methods in constructors" which actually makes a lot of sense because when the base class's constructor is called the child class's constructor has not yet been called, and therefore the ParametersAreValid method may not have access to some critical member variable that the child class's constructor would set. So the question is this: How do I improve this design? Do I add a Func<bool, TActionParameters> parameter to the base class constructor? If I did: public class MyAction<MyParameters> { public MyAction(MyParameters actionParameters, bool something) : base(actionParameters, ValidateIt) { this.something = something; } private bool something; public static bool ValidateIt() { return something; } } This would work because ValidateIt is static, but I don't know... Is there a better way? Comments are very welcome.

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• Object not disposed after calling the Dispose() function.

  - by Pavan Navali

  Hi, I have query regarding the disposing of an object. The scenario is as follows. In a Desktop Appication, developed in C#, I have a function in which a object in created like this. namespace Class 1 { variables section; .... .... Function1() { local variables; try { Object1 obj = new Object1(); .... .... if(true) { .... } else { **obj.Dispose();** } } catch() {} finally {} } } The object is not disposed when the else part is executed. The msdn link for this is http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.componentmodel.component.dispose(VS.90).aspx according to which the component should realase all the resources used by it. I would like to know, why the object is not disposed. Thank you. Pavan Navali.

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• How to add property to property map without class explorer ?

  - by nCdy

  I've got a new question after answer on this question http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2816294/pass-parameter-from-page-to-activex How to add property to property map without class explorer ? Need to add the property for object and class explorer doesn't works because of Nemerle doesn't supports it yet. code : <object id="Bacs_DBTableRepX" classid="CLSID:CA8B72B3-3B15-40D7-9364-478E25AF5B41" codebase="Bacs_DBTableRepX.cab" style=" Z-INDEX: 102; LEFT: 20px; WIDTH: 1200px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 80px; HEIGHT: 600px"> <param name="ax_Command" value='<%=GetText()%>'/> </object>

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• Representing a schedule in a database

  - by David Pfeffer

  I have the interesting problem of representing complex schedule data in a database. I need to be able to represent the entirety of what the iCalendar (ics) format can represent, but in my database. I don't care about insertion efficiency but query efficiency is critical. The operation I will be doing most often is providing either a single date/time or a date/time range, and trying to determine if the defined schedule matches any part of the date/time range. Other operations can be slower. For those unfamiliar, ics allows representation of a single event or a reoccuring event based on multiple times per day, days of the week, week of a month, month, year, or some combination of those. For example, the third Thursday in November, or the 25th of December, or every two weeks starting November 2nd and continuing until September the following year. Any suggestions?

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• Generate UML from Flex Projects

  - by TERACytE

  Are there any good tools to generate UML class diagrams using the source code from a Flex Builder project? I have been trying IntelliJ but for some reason it generates the inherited class structure from the SDK and not everything below my main app.

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• Dynamic Typed Table/Model in J2EE?

  - by Viele

  Hi, Usually with J2EE when we create Model, we define the fields and types of fields through XML or annotation before compilation time. Is there a way to change those in runtime? or better, is it possible to create a new Model based on the user's input during the runtime? such that the number of columns and types of fields are dynamic (determined at runtime)? Help is much appreciated. Thank you.

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• UML Class Relationships

  - by 01010011

  Hi, I would like to confirm whether I am on the right track when identifying common UML class relationships. For example, is the relationship between: 1 a stackoverflow member and his/her stackoverflow user account categorized as a composition relationship or an aggregation relationship? At first I thought it was an association because this member "has a" account. However on second thought, I am thinking its composition because each "part" (user account) belongs to only one whole (user) at a time, meaning for as long as I am logged into stackoverflow, I have to use this one and only account until I log off. If I log back onto stackoverflow with a different account then its composition again. Do you agree? 2 a database and a person's user account an aggregation relationship? I think so because 1 database (the whole) can store 0...* number of user accounts (the parts) but another database can store the same user accounts. Finally, can anyone recommend a website that specializes in designing code using UML? Thanks in advance

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• Model login constraints based on time

  - by DaDaDom

  Good morning, for an existing web application I need to implement "time based login constraints". It means that for each user, later maybe each group, I can define timeslots when they are (not) allowed to log in into the system. As all data for the application is stored in database tables, I need to somehow create a way to model this idea in that way. My first approach, I will try to explain it here: Create a tree of login constraints (called "timeslots") with the main "categories", like "workday", "weekend", "public holiday", etc. on the top level, which are in a "sorted" order (meaning "public holiday" has a higher priority than "weekday") for each top level node create subnodes, which have a finer timespan, like "monday", "tuesday", ... below that, create an "hour" level: 0, 1, 2, ..., 23. No further details are necessary. set every member to "allowed" by default For every member of the system create a 1:n relationship member:timeslots which defines constraints, e.g. a member A may have A:monday-forbidden and A:tuesday-forbidden Do a depth-first search at every login and check if the member has a constraint. Why a depth first search? Well, I thought that it may be that a member has the rules: A:monday->forbidden, A:monday-10->allowed, A:mondey-11->allowed So a login on monday at 12:30 would fail, but one at 10:30 succeed. For performance reasons I could break the relational database paradigm and set a flag for every entry in the member-to-timeslots-table which is set to true if the member has information set for "finer" timeslots, but that's a second step. Is this model in principle a good idea? Are there existing models? Thanks.

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• How to find index of an object by key and value in an javascript array

  - by return1.at

  Given: var peoples = [ { "attr1": "bob", "attr2": "pizza" }, { "attr1": "john", "attr2": "sushi" }, { "attr1": "larry", "attr2": "hummus" } ]; Wanted: Index of object where attr === value for example attr1 === "john" or attr2 === "hummus" Update: Please, read my question carefully, i do not want to find the object via $.inArray nor i want to get the value of a specific object attribute. Please consider this for your answers. Thanks!

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• Branchless memory manager?

  - by Richard Fabian

  Anyone thought about how to write a memory manager (in C++) that is completely branch free? I've written a pool, a stack, a queue, and a linked list (allocating from the pool), but I am wondering how plausible it is to write a branch free general memory manager. This is all to help make a really reusable framework for doing solid concurrent, in-order CPU, and cache friendly development. Edit: by branchless I mean without doing direct or indirect function calls, and without using ifs. I've been thinking that I can probably implement something that first changes the requested size to zero for false calls, but haven't really got much more than that. I feel that it's not impossible, but the other aspect of this exercise is then profiling it on said "unfriendly" processors to see if it's worth trying as hard as this to avoid branching.

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• WCF object parameter loses values

  - by Josh

  I'm passing an object to a WCF service and wasn't getting anything back. I checked the variable as it gets passed to the method that actually does the work and noticed that none of the values are set on the object at that point. Here's the object: [DataContract] public class Section { [DataMember] public long SectionID { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Title { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Text { get; set; } [DataMember] public int Order { get; set; } } Here's the service code for the method: [OperationContract] public List<Section> LoadAllSections(Section s) { return SectionRepository.Instance().LoadAll(s); } The code that actually calls this method is this and is located in a Silverlight XAML file: SectionServiceClient proxy = new SectionServiceClient(); proxy.LoadAllSectionsCompleted += new EventHandler<LoadAllSectionsCompletedEventArgs>(proxy_LoadAllSectionsCompleted); Section s = new Section(); s.SectionID = 4; proxy.LoadAllSectionsAsync(s); When the code finally gets into the method LoadAllSections(Section s), the parameter's SectionID is not set. I stepped through the code and when it goes into the generated code that returns an IAsyncResult object, the object's properties are set. But when it actually calls the method, LoadAllSections, the parameter received is completely blank. Is there something I have to set to make the proeprty stick between method calls?

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