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• Transfer files using ssh

  - by zozo

  Good day to all. I am using ssh (winSCP) to transfer some files from a server to my workstation. The problem is that at some files I get disconnected. Always same files. I am the owner of the directory so I guess the file permissions is not a problem. (Also I set the permissions to 777). Is there a size limit or something like that? Thank you for your time. Protocol is SFTP, server is 32bit machine. Files are 100MB tops. Added: Worked with filezilla using ftp. This temporarily fix the problem but is not exactly a solution since maybe next time I won't have root access to create a ftp account

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• AS2 Server Software Costs

  - by CandyCo

  We're currently using Cleo LexiCom as our server software for receiving EDI transmissions via the AS2 protocol. We have 7 trading partners per year, and this runs us about $800/year for support from Cleo. We need to expand from 7 trading partners to 10 or so, and Cleo charges roughly $600 per new host, plus an expanded yearly support fee. My question(s) are: Does anyone know of a cheaper developer of AS2 server software, and perhaps one that doesn't charge per new host? Does anyone have any clue why we are being charged an upfront fee for new hosts, and if this is a standard practice for AS2 software providers? It seems really odd that we are required to pay upfront costs for this. I could completely understand an increase in the yearly support, however.

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• What is Light Peak

  - by Jonathan.

  I've heard this a lot recently, todo with Apple and Intel. Some says it's a protocol, others say it's fibre optic, and others say it's copper. One source even said it was a "wireless wire". Apparently it can carry data, but not video streams, surely the cable can't know the difference between 1s and 0s representing data, and 1s and 0s representing video streams. Or it will replace all the wires we currently have except power, another place said it is for inside laptops. Those are just examples so I haven't given any sources, I just want to know what on Earth Light Peak is?

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• 2 x Netgear GS724T (Dual GBIC) trunking issue

  - by Arthor

  I have the following: Netgear GS724T (Firmware Version V1.0.3_35, Protocol Version - 2.001.002) 4 x Indineon ISFP GBR/FC Settings STP Function - Enabled Fast Link - Enabled Trunking port 23,24, (21,22 - RJ45 cables, but not connected.) I have connected both switches via 2 fiber cables and want to use trunking. The problem I am having. Sometimes I get a an issue when none of the switches cannot talk with each other, nor the devices, sometime they can. The problem is irregular and no patten can be determined The statistics shows that when the switches does not work, they have RX errors If I remove one to the GBIC connections, then everything works as normal.] Question Does anyone have a solution for this please? Thanks

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• How can I limit the upload/download bandwidth on my CentOS server?

  - by Dan Nestor

  How can I limit the upload and download bandwidth on my CentOS server? This is a box with a single interface, eth0. Ideally, I would like a command-line solution (I've been trying to use tc), something that I could easily switch on and off in a script. So far I've been trying to do something like tc filter add dev eth0 protocol ip prio 50 u32 police rate 100kbit burst 10240 drop but I'm obviously missing a lot of knowledge and information. Can somebody help with a quick one-liner? Many thanks, Dan

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• Linux - real-world hardware RAID controller tuning (scsi and cciss)

  - by ewwhite

  Most of the Linux systems I manage feature hardware RAID controllers (mostly HP Smart Array). They're all running RHEL or CentOS. I'm looking for real-world tunables to help optimize performance for setups that incorporate hardware RAID controllers with SAS disks (Smart Array, Perc, LSI, etc.) and battery-backed or flash-backed cache. Assume RAID 1+0 and multiple spindles (4+ disks). I spend a considerable amount of time tuning Linux network settings for low-latency and financial trading applications. But many of those options are well-documented (changing send/receive buffers, modifying TCP window settings, etc.). What are engineers doing on the storage side? Historically, I've made changes to the I/O scheduling elevator, recently opting for the deadline and noop schedulers to improve performance within my applications. As RHEL versions have progressed, I've also noticed that the compiled-in defaults for SCSI and CCISS block devices have changed as well. This has had an impact on the recommended storage subsystem settings over time. However, it's been awhile since I've seen any clear recommendations. And I know that the OS defaults aren't optimal. For example, it seems that the default read-ahead buffer of 128kb is extremely small for a deployment on server-class hardware. The following articles explore the performance impact of changing read-ahead cache and nr_requests values on the block queues. http://zackreed.me/articles/54-hp-smart-array-p410-controller-tuning http://www.overclock.net/t/515068/tuning-a-hp-smart-array-p400-with-linux-why-tuning-really-matters http://yoshinorimatsunobu.blogspot.com/2009/04/linux-io-scheduler-queue-size-and.html For example, these are suggested changes for an HP Smart Array RAID controller: echo "noop" > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/scheduler blockdev --setra 65536 /dev/cciss/c0d0 echo 512 > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/nr_requests echo 2048 > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/read_ahead_kb What else can be reliably tuned to improve storage performance? I'm specifically looking for sysctl and sysfs options in production scenarios.

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• Allow HTTPS cookies but not HTTP?

  - by Ken

  I want to allow cookies for a domain but only over HTTPS -- not cookies from the same domain that come from HTTP. For example, I don't want any http://www.google.com cookies, but I do want to allow https://www.google.com cookies (because Calendars are there). Is there a way to do this? Does the goal even make sense? In Chrome, it only allows domain names, not URLs, to be added to the cookie exception list. In Firefox, it allows a protocol, but it only records the domain name, and if you click "Allow" or "Deny", it changes the same entry in the list.

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• traffic shaping for certain (local) users

  - by JMW

  Hello, i'm using ubuntu 10.10 i've a local backup user called "backup". :) i would like to give this user just a bandwidth of 1Mbit. No matter which software wants to connect to the network. this solution doesn't work: iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m owner --uid-owner 1001 -j MARK --set-mark 12 iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -p tcp -m owner --uid-owner 1001 -j MARK --set-mark 12 tc qdisc del dev eth0 root tc qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 2 htb default 1 tc filter add dev eth0 parent 2: protocol ip pref 2 handle 50 fw classid 2:6 tc class add dev eth0 parent 2: classid 2:6 htb rate 10Kbit ceil 1Mbit tc qdisc show dev eth0 tc class show dev eth0 tc filter show dev eth0 does anyone know how to do it? thanks a lot in advance

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• Monit can't detect MySQL, but I can

  - by Matchu

  Monit is configured to watch MySQL on localhost at port 3306. check process mysqld with pidfile /var/lib/mysql/li175-241.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/mysql start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysql stop" if failed port 3306 protocol mysql then restart if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout My application, which is configured to connect to MySQL via localhost:3306, is running just fine and can access the database. I can even use MySQL Query Browser to connect to the database remotely via port 3306. The port is totally open and possible to connect to. Therefore, I'm pretty darn certain that it's running. However, running monit -v reveals that Monit cannot detect MySQL on that port. 'mysqld' failed, cannot open a connection to INET[localhost:3306] via TCP This happens consistently, until Monit decides not to track MySQL anymore, as configured. How can I begin to troubleshoot this issue?

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• 0% CPU in top for all processes, but load average > 1

  - by chrisdew

  On two different servers (with Ubuntu 12.04LTS AMD64) I have seen the following behaviour: op - 10:50:05 up 305 days, 21:17, 1 user, load average: 1.94, 2.52, 2.97 Tasks: 141 total, 2 running, 139 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 41.5%us, 6.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 51.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.2%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8178432k total, 5753740k used, 2424692k free, 159480k buffers Swap: 15625208k total, 0k used, 15625208k free, 4905292k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1 root 20 0 23928 2072 1216 S 0 0.0 0:56.42 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.23 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 2:39.82 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:02.99 migration/1 7 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 2:32.15 ksoftirqd/1 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 9 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:11.67 migration/2 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 29:00.34 ksoftirqd/2 The server is working fine, but top shows all processes as using 0% CPU. A reboot fixed this on an earlier machine, but I haven't yet tried it on this one. I have tried top several times, and so am sure that I haven't accidentally pressed '<' or '' to sort by a different column. Sorting the process list by all of the available columns, stills shows 0% CPU for all displayed processes. What is going on? If this a kernel bug? Update: If I use top -p <PID> for a know, busy process, top still displays 0% CPU for that process.

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• Ubuntu and mysql server. Something isnt allowing me to connect

  - by acidzombie24

  I have a question about mysql settings http://serverfault.com/questions/94054/remote-connections-and-mysql-on-ubuntu/94088#94088 now i want to figure out why i cannot connect. I made sure bind-address was commented out. I can ping the server within the VM but i cannot ping it from within the VM using mysqladmin --protocol=tcp --host=self_ip ping. I also followed along and check if my ports were open and they look like they are. I setup samba on that VM and can access that with no problem as well. It looks like ubuntu does not have a firewall either (i figured this out before) so i am stumped why the server isnt allowing my connection. Apparently the config file works on another person side http://www.pastie.org/742545 I am using Ubuntu 6.06 LTS just because of 'support' reasons. So hopefully this will be 'easy'?

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• Unexplained cache RAM drops on Linux machine

  - by FunkyChicken

  I run a CentOS 5.7 64 machine with 24gb ram and running kernel 2.6.18-274.12.1.el5. This machine runs only Nginx, php-fpm and Xcache as extra applications. Since about 3 weeks my memory behavior on this machine has changed and I cannot explain why. There are no crons running which flush anything like this. There are also no large numbers of files being deleted/changed during these drops. The 'cached' memory gets dropped about every few hours, but it's never a set gap between flushes, this indicates to me that some bottleneck gets reached instead. It also always seems to be when total memory usages gets to about 18GB, but again, not always exactly 18GB. This is a graph of my memory usage: As you can see in the graph the 'buffers' always stay more or less the same, it is mainly the 'cache' that gets dropped. Running vmstat -m I have outputted the memory usage just before and just after a memory drop. The output is here: http://pastebin.com/diff.php?i=hJqZqztm 'old version' being before, 'new version' being after a drop. About 3 weeks ago my server crashed during a heavy DDOS attack, after I rebooted the machine this odd behavior started. I have checked a bunch of logs, restarted the machine again, and cannot find any indication what changed. During these 'cache' memory drops, my iNode usage drops at the same time. Does anyone have any idea what might be causing this behavior? Clearly my RAM isn't full, so I am curious why this could be happening.

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• Accept incoming L2TP connections on Windows 7

  - by Greg

  Windows 2003 can be configured as a VPN server that uses L2TP with a preshared key. Windows 7 can be configured to accept incoming VPN connections, presumably using PPTP. Is there a way to configure Windows 7 to accept incoming L2TP connections? The configuration settings for incoming connections is extremely sparse; I don't see any place to enter a preshared key or specify the protocol to use. Perhaps it is beyond the capabilities of Win 7, but I hold out hope that I'm overlooking some Group Policy settings or registry edits that allow it.

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• Difference between tcp recv buffer and tcp receive window size?

  - by pradeepchhetri

  The command shows the tcp receive buffer size in bytes. $ cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_rmem 4096 87380 4001344 where the three values signifies the min, default and max values respectively. Then I tried to find the tcp window size using tcpdump command. $ sudo tcpdump -n -i eth0 'tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn|tcp-ack) == tcp-syn and port 80 and host google.com' tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 16:15:41.465037 IP 172.16.31.141.51614 > 74.125.236.73.80: Flags [S], seq 3661804272, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 4452053 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 I got the window size to be 14600 which is 10 times the size of MSS. Can anyone please tell me the relationship between the two.

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• PCI scan findings and problems with week ciphers on ports 993,443,995,465

  - by user64991

  From PCI scan results: Synops is : The remote service encrypts traffic using a protocol with known weaknesses . Description : The remote service accepts connections encrypted using SSL 2.0, which reportedly suffers from several cryptographic flaws and has been deprecated for several years. An attacker may be able to exploit these issues to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks or decrypt communications between the affected service and clients . See also : http://www.schneier.com/paper-ssl.pdf Solution: Consult the application's documentation to disable SSL 2.0 and use SSL 3.0 or TLS 1.0 instead. Risk Factor: Medium / CVSS Base Score : 2 (AV:R/AC:L/Au:NR/C:P/A:N/I:N/B:N) I have tried to change SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 to SSLProtocol -ALL +SSLv3 +TLSv1 And SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW To SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:!MEDIUM:!LOW:!SSLv2:!EXPORT But using SSLdigger, it shows the same result. Is this the right way to do something like this?

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• MS SQL 2000 and SSL Certificate

  - by smoak

  I'm trying to set up a MS SQL 2000 server to use an already existing SSL certificate installed on the server. I verified that the certificate shows up in the Personal/Certificate folder of the account that is running the MSSQLSERVER service using the Certificate MMC snap-in. I also verified that the certificate for the CA is installed under the Trusted Root Certificate Authorities. Additionally, to make sure that it is using this specific certificate I created a Certificate registry value of type REG_BINARY in: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer\MSSQLServer\SuperSocketNetLib and I set it to the certificates thumbprint like it mentions in: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/276553 Finally, I opened up the Server Network Utility, checked Force protocol encryption, clicked OK, and restarted the MSSQLSERVER service. Unfortunately, it fails to start and looking at the event log it's failing with: 19015: Encryption requested but no valid certificate was found. SQL Server terminating. I'm at a loss. Any ideas? Where did I go wrong?

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• cannot access my own computer through My Network Places

  - by vgv8

  My home Windows XP Pro SP3 machine is DHCP client receiving configurations from ISP. Trying to access in WindowsExplorer -My Network Places - Microsoft Windows Network shows Workgroup with a delay of 3 min and then popups messagebox: Microsoft Windows Network Workgroup is not accessible. You might not have permission to use this network resource. Contact the administrator of this server to find out if you have access permissions.The list of servers for this workgroup is not currently available OK I am logged-in as local machine Administrator. The internet is accessible (I am writing this post through it) The Firewall is disabled The "Computer Bowser" and all networking services, I could find, are running Control Panel -- Network Connections -- Properties (of connection) --- Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), btn Properties --- --- tab General, btn "Advanced..." -- tab WINS-- rbtn "Enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP" checked Why cannot I access my own PC (and shares on it) through My Network Places What is the possible problem? How to daignose the problem?

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• keepalived questions (requirements, abilities, limitations)

  - by Poni

  1) What are keepalived's (physical/network) requirements? Does the two (or more) keepalived' nodes need to be connected to the same switch? (something related to broadcasting maybe). 2) Can keepalived nodes run on different networks, "internet" networks? 3) Is keepalived depend on the router? (as far as I understand, the virtual IP should point to the real router/switch that connects both nodes). 4) Is keepalived "service-independent"? - What is keepalived's involvement domain? IPs only? Or is it service/protocol oriented? - Does it deal ONLY with IP, or is it designed for HTTP for example? - In other words, can I use it for custom (network-based) app? 5) Have more than one failover server? If the answer for question #4 is "yes", i.e it depends on the service type, then is there any general alternative? Preferably easy to install/configure :)

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• Automatically updating routing table on server

  - by bramp

  I have a LAN with three routers on it, one connected to the Internet, one VPN router connected to a few remote sites, and a final route connected to a private network (using BGP to get prefix advertisements). On the same LAN I have multiple Linux servers which needs access to the networks behind each router. I have achieved this by configuring static routes on the server, pointing the different network prefixes to the correct router. This has worked well, but every time we connect to a new remote VPN, we have to change all the servers to be aware that the network is now accessible via the VPN, and not via the default Internet route. What I want is a way to automatically update the routes on all of the servers, when the route is added to a routers. Now, I could install Quagga or something similar on all the servers to receive router advertisements, but that seems like overkill. So my question is what is the easiest/simpliest way to update the routing tables on the server automatically, and what protocol is best suited for this purpose. thanks

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• How to supply parameters in URI schema?

  - by abhishekgarg

  I just started working with URI schema and successfully created one in Windows and Linux as well, but I am not able to parse any parameters to it. In Linux I am trying to open a file "test.py" in gedit, so for schema part I used these commands: gconftool -2 -t string /desktop/gnome/url-handlers/geditapp/command "gedit %s" gconftool -2 -t bool/desktop/gnome/url-handlers/geditapp/enabled true This is creating the URI protocol and I'm able to open the application with the Web-browser, but its not taking the parameters for the file I want to open, so I'm using the following command: <a href="geditapp:/opt/test/myfile.py">open</a> Which opens the gedit but without the file. Can someone please help me with this?

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• GDM login screen is not displayed with VNC

  - by niboshi

  Hi, I set up VNC server with xinetd. Also configured GDM so that XDMCP is enabled. VNC connection seems okay, but GDM login screen is not shown. Instead I can only see old bare X screen (gray meshed background and X-shaped mouse pointer), which I can't do any interaction with it. What can I do to fix the problem? No log is written below /var/log/. Server distribution: Ubuntu marverick /etc/xinetd.d/vnc is like below: service vnc1024 { disable = no socket_type = stream protocol = tcp wait = no user = nobody server = /usr/bin/Xvnc server_args = -inetd -query localhost -geometry 1024x768 -depth 24 -once securitytypes=none port = 12345 } /etc/gdm/custom.conf: [daemon] [security] DisallowTCP=false [xdmcp] Enable=true [gui] [greeter] [chooser] [debug] [servers] /etc/services is also configured. Thanks

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• No clue for high load average on top

  - by Oz.

  We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 16 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st(see below). Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? Many thanks for the help. # # top # top - 07:57:42 up 4:18, 1 user, load average: 1.36, 1.45, 1.47 Tasks: 131 total, 1 running, 130 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 7120092k total, 5644920k used, 1475172k free, 532888k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 3463936k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1557 mysql 20 0 1829m 374m 6448 S 14.3 5.4 11:15.09 mysqld 6655 apache 20 0 416m 49m 3744 S 9.3 0.7 0:04.85 httpd 27683 apache 20 0 421m 54m 3708 S 9.0 0.8 0:00.99 httpd 6682 apache 20 0 424m 57m 3788 S 8.3 0.8 0:03.81 httpd 16816 apache 20 0 419m 51m 3760 S 4.3 0.7 0:04.09 httpd 22182 apache 20 0 417m 50m 3756 S 1.7 0.7 0:06.34 httpd 219 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.34 kworker/7:1 699 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.40 kworker/3:1 1 root 20 0 19376 1508 1212 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.29 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.71 ksoftirqd/0

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• Netboot Intel Macs without BSDP

  - by notpeter

  I have a netboot setup with DeployStudio that works great in my lab, but doesn't work on our main network. After some digging, I believe it's because our network admins are filtering BSDP (Boot Service Discovery Protocol) on our subnet at the switch level. Is it possible to hard code which server my clients (early 2007 iMac Core2Duos) should boot from without relying on BSDP? Perhaps relevant details: I do not have control over switch configs or DHCP settings. Client and server are running 10.6 Snow Leopard. The clients see the netboot server advertising itself in the 'Startup Disk' system preferences pane, but when I go to netboot it just leaves me with a flashing globe.

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• Does an SMTP request contain host header information (or just the IP of the targeted SMTP server)?

  - by Olaf

  We are using an external commercial smtp server for our newsletters (sending them through .NET components), and they offer two smtp URLs - smtp.critsend.com and fast.critsend.com -, and the second one is reserved for sending singular emails, the first one for bulk. Using nslookup shows that both resolve to the same 4 IP addresses (fast.critsend.com being an Alias). Question: (how) is it possible for the smtp relay to distinguish between different names? Is there something in the headers that can be compared to host headers in http protocol (I didn't find any intelligible information for a non-sysadmins)? The reason I'm asking is because we would like to use one of the IPs in our newsletter script (which works) rather than a name (in order to save DNS requests), and we are wondering about potential problems.

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• How do I access an Ubuntu VirtualBox guest at a static IP from an OS X host?

  - by David Siegel

  How does one configure an Ubuntu guest to use a static IP that's visible to an OS X host, and ensure that the static IP is independent of the host's network configuration? I previously used bridged networking for my guest, but I'm constantly moving my host between networks so the guest IP is always different. First, I tried setting the guest network configuration to NAT and forwarding host port 1022 to guest port 22, so I could at least ssh to a fixed address (localhost:1022): $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/Protocol" "TCP" $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/GuestPort" 22 $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/HostPort" 1022 Then, $ ssh localhost -p 1022 ssh: connect to host localhost port 1022: Connection refused But this didn't work (guest has no network access with NAT and OS X refused the connection, as you can see). I'd love a general solution that would let me communicate with my guest at a fixed IP.

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