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Perl vs Python but with more style than normally

- by user350571

I'm learning perl and everytime I search for perl stuff in the internet I get some random page with people saying that perl should die because code written in it looks like a lesson in steganography. Then they say that python is clean and stuff like that. Now, I know that those comparisons are always stupid and made by fellows that feel that languages are a extension of their boring personality so, let me ask instead: can you give me the implementation of a widely known algorithm to deal with a data structure like red-black trees in both languages so I can compare?

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How to replace only part of the match with python re.sub

- by Arty

I need to match two cases by one reg expression and do replacement 'long.file.name.jpg' - 'long.file.name_suff.jpg' 'long.file.name_a.jpg' - 'long.file.name_suff.jpg' I'm trying to do the following re.sub('(\_a)?\.[^\.]*$' , '_suff.',"long.file.name.jpg") But this is cut the extension '.jpg' and I'm getting long.file.name_suff. instead of long.file.name_suff.jpg I understand that this is because of [^.]*$ part, but I can't exclude it, because I have to find last occurance of '_a' to replace or last '.' Is there a way to replace only part of the match?

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Pure python implementation of greenlet API

- by Tristan

The greenlet package is used by gevent and eventlet for asynchronous IO. It is written as a C-extension and therefore doesn't work with Jython or IronPython. If performance is of no concern, what is the easiest approach to implementing the greenlet API in pure Python. A simple example: def test1(): print 12 gr2.switch() print 34 def test2(): print 56 gr1.switch() print 78 gr1 = greenlet(test1) gr2 = greenlet(test2) gr1.switch() Should print 12, 56, 34 (and not 78).

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windows stdbool.h for python module

- by swasheck

I found this http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25461/stdbool-h-c as an answer to "where is stdbool.h on windows?" but now need to know what to do with it. I'm actually trying to install the lazyboy python extension on windows and this is the first error that I'm receiving. So, being completely unfamiliar with this, where do I put this header file so that it's seen?

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How to set up dual quadro cards on RHEL 5.5?

- by Alex J. Roberts

I have a RHEL 5 workstation with 2 nvidia Quadro FX4500 cards, with one display attached to each card. After doing a clean install of RHEL 5.5, the second display doesnt work (it worked ok in RHEL 5.2). Neither separate X screens nor Xinerama are working. The kernel version is 2.6.18-194.el5 I've tried nvidia drivers 185.18.36 (the ones that i was using on 5.2) and the latest 260.19.36 and neither works. My xorg.conf is as follows: # nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings # nvidia-settings: version 1.0 (buildmeister@builder58) Fri Aug 14 18:34:43 PDT 2009 Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 Screen 1 "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" EndSection Section "Files" FontPath "unix/:7100" EndSection Section "ServerFlags" Option "Xinerama" "1" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from data in "/etc/sysconfig/keyboard" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" Option "XkbLayout" "us" Option "XkbModel" "pc105" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL 3007WFP" HorizSync 49.3 - 98.5 VertRefresh 60.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL 3007WFP" HorizSync 49.3 - 98.5 VertRefresh 60.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device0" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro FX 4500" BusID "PCI:10:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device1" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro FX 4500" BusID "PCI:129:0:0" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Device0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen1" Device "Device1" Monitor "Monitor1" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection And the Xorg Log: X Window System Version 7.1.1 Release Date: 12 May 2006 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 x86_64 Red Hat, Inc. Current Operating System: Linux blur.svsdsde 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 Build Date: 06 March 2010 Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.1.1-48.76.el5 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Module Loader present Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Fri Feb 18 09:52:08 2011 (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf" (==) ServerLayout "Layout0" (**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0) (**) | |-->Monitor "Monitor0" (**) | |-->Device "Device0" (**) |-->Screen "Screen1" (1) (**) | |-->Monitor "Monitor1" (**) | |-->Device "Device1" (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0" (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0" (**) FontPath set to: unix/:7100 (==) RgbPath set to "/usr/share/X11/rgb" (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib64/xorg/modules" (**) Option "Xinerama" "1" (**) Xinerama: enabled (==) Max clients allowed: 512, resource mask: 0xfffff (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket) (II) Module ABI versions: X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.3 X.Org Video Driver: 1.0 X.Org XInput driver : 0.6 X.Org Server Extension : 0.3 X.Org Font Renderer : 0.5 (II) Loader running on linux (II) LoadModule: "bitmap" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libbitmap.so (II) Module bitmap: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font Bitmap (II) LoadModule: "pcidata" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libpcidata.so (II) Module pcidata: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 1.0 (++) using VT number 7 (II) PCI: PCI scan (all values are in hex) (II) PCI: 00:00:0: chip 10de,005e card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 05,80,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:01:0: chip 10de,0051 card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 06,01,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:01:1: chip 10de,0052 card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 0c,05,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:02:0: chip 10de,005a card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 0c,03,10 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:02:1: chip 10de,005b card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 0c,03,20 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:04:0: chip 10de,0059 card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 04,01,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:06:0: chip 10de,0053 card 103c,1500 rev f2 class 01,01,8a hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:07:0: chip 10de,0054 card 103c,1500 rev f3 class 01,01,85 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:08:0: chip 10de,0055 card 103c,1500 rev f3 class 01,01,85 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:09:0: chip 10de,005c card 0000,0000 rev a2 class 06,04,01 hdr 01 (II) PCI: 00:0a:0: chip 10de,0057 card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 06,80,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:0e:0: chip 10de,005d card 0000,0000 rev a3 class 06,04,00 hdr 01 (II) PCI: 00:18:0: chip 1022,1100 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:1: chip 1022,1101 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:2: chip 1022,1102 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:3: chip 1022,1103 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:0: chip 1022,1100 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:1: chip 1022,1101 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:2: chip 1022,1102 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:3: chip 1022,1103 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 05:05:0: chip 104c,8023 card 103c,1500 rev 00 class 0c,00,10 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 0a:00:0: chip 10de,009d card 10de,02af rev a1 class 03,00,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: End of PCI scan (II) PCI-to-ISA bridge: (II) Bus -1: bridge is at (0:1:0), (0,-1,-1), BCTRL: 0x0008 (VGA_EN is set) (II) Subtractive PCI-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 5: bridge is at (0:9:0), (0,5,5), BCTRL: 0x0206 (VGA_EN is cleared) (II) Bus 5 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf50fffff (0x100000) MX[B] (II) PCI-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 10: bridge is at (0:14:0), (0,10,10), BCTRL: 0x000a (VGA_EN is set) (II) Bus 10 I/O range: [0] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x00003fff (0x1000) IX[B] (II) Bus 10 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x2000000) MX[B] (II) Bus 10 prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B] (II) Host-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 0: bridge is at (0:24:0), (0,0,10), BCTRL: 0x0008 (VGA_EN is set) (II) Bus 0 I/O range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0000ffff (0x10000) IX[B] (II) Bus 0 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] (II) Bus 0 prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] (--) PCI:*(10:0:0) nVidia Corporation Quadro FX 4500 rev 161, Mem @ 0xf3000000/24, 0xc0000000/28, 0xf4000000/24, I/O @ 0x3000/7 (II) Addressable bus resource ranges are [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0000ffff (0x10000) IX[B] (II) OS-reported resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [5] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] (II) Active PCI resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [...snipped... post too long] [28] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) Active PCI resource ranges after removing overlaps: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [...snipped... post too long] [28] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) OS-reported resource ranges after removing overlaps with PCI: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [5] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] (II) All system resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [16] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [17] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [18] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) LoadModule: "extmod" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libextmod.so (II) Module extmod: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension SHAPE (II) Loading extension MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD (II) Loading extension BIG-REQUESTS (II) Loading extension SYNC (II) Loading extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER (II) Loading extension XC-MISC (II) Loading extension XFree86-VidModeExtension (II) Loading extension XFree86-Misc (II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA (II) Loading extension DPMS (II) Loading extension TOG-CUP (II) Loading extension Extended-Visual-Information (II) Loading extension XVideo (II) Loading extension XVideo-MotionCompensation (II) Loading extension X-Resource (II) LoadModule: "dbe" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libdbe.so (II) Module dbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension DOUBLE-BUFFER (II) LoadModule: "glx" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension (II) NVIDIA GLX Module 185.18.36 Fri Aug 14 18:27:24 PDT 2009 (II) Loading extension GLX (II) LoadModule: "freetype" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libfreetype.so (II) Module freetype: vendor="X.Org Foundation & the After X-TT Project" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 2.1.0 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font FreeType (II) LoadModule: "type1" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libtype1.so (II) Module type1: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.2 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font Type1 (II) LoadModule: "record" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/librecord.so (II) Module record: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.13.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension RECORD (II) LoadModule: "dri" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri.so (II) Module dri: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading sub module "drm" (II) LoadModule: "drm" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/linux/libdrm.so (II) Module drm: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension XFree86-DRI (II) LoadModule: "nvidia" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Video Driver (II) LoadModule: "kbd" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/input/kbd_drv.so (II) Module kbd: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.1.0 Module class: X.Org XInput Driver ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 0.6 (II) LoadModule: "mouse" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/input/mouse_drv.so (II) Module mouse: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.1.1 Module class: X.Org XInput Driver ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 0.6 (II) NVIDIA dlloader X Driver 185.18.36 Fri Aug 14 17:51:02 PDT 2009 (II) NVIDIA Unified Driver for all Supported NVIDIA GPUs (II) Primary Device is: PCI 0a:00:0 (--) Chipset NVIDIA GPU found (II) Loading sub module "fb" (II) LoadModule: "fb" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libfb.so (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.3 (II) Loading sub module "wfb" (II) LoadModule: "wfb" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libwfb.so (II) Module wfb: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 7.1.99.2, module version = 1.0.0 (II) Loading sub module "ramdac" (II) LoadModule: "ramdac" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libramdac.so (II) Module ramdac: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 0.1.0 ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 1.0 (II) resource ranges after xf86ClaimFixedResources() call: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [16] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [17] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [18] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) resource ranges after probing: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] 0 0 0x000a0000 - 0x000affff (0x10000) MS[B] [16] 0 0 0x000b0000 - 0x000b7fff (0x8000) MS[B] [17] 0 0 0x000b8000 - 0x000bffff (0x8000) MS[B] [18] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [36] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [37] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [38] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) [39] 0 0 0x000003b0 - 0x000003bb (0xc) IS[B] [40] 0 0 0x000003c0 - 0x000003df (0x20) IS[B] (II) Setting vga for screen 0. (**) NVIDIA(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32 (==) NVIDIA(0): RGB weight 888 (==) NVIDIA(0): Default visual is TrueColor (==) NVIDIA(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) (**) NVIDIA(0): Option "TwinView" "0" (**) NVIDIA(0): Option "MetaModes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" (**) NVIDIA(0): Enabling RENDER acceleration (II) NVIDIA(0): Support for GLX with the Damage and Composite X extensions is (II) NVIDIA(0): enabled. (II) NVIDIA(0): NVIDIA GPU Quadro FX 4500 (G70GL) at PCI:10:0:0 (GPU-0) (--) NVIDIA(0): Memory: 524288 kBytes (--) NVIDIA(0): VideoBIOS: 05.70.02.41.01 (II) NVIDIA(0): Detected PCI Express Link width: 16X (--) NVIDIA(0): Interlaced video modes are supported on this GPU (--) NVIDIA(0): Connected display device(s) on Quadro FX 4500 at PCI:10:0:0: (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0) (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): 310.0 MHz maximum pixel clock (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): Internal Dual Link TMDS (II) NVIDIA(0): Assigned Display Device: DFP-0 (II) NVIDIA(0): Validated modes: (II) NVIDIA(0): "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) NVIDIA(0): Virtual screen size determined to be 2560 x 1600 (--) NVIDIA(0): DPI set to (101, 101); computed from "UseEdidDpi" X config (--) NVIDIA(0): option (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB is incompatible with the Composite extension. Disabling (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB. (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling 32-bit ARGB GLX visuals. (--) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp (II) do I need RAC? No, I don't. (II) resource ranges after preInit: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] 0 0 0x000a0000 - 0x000affff (0x10000) MS[B] [16] 0 0 0x000b0000 - 0x000b7fff (0x8000) MS[B] [17] 0 0 0x000b8000 - 0x000bffff (0x8000) MS[B] [18] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [36] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [37] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [38] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) [39] 0 0 0x000003b0 - 0x000003bb (0xc) IS[B] [40] 0 0 0x000003c0 - 0x000003df (0x20) IS[B] (II) NVIDIA(GPU-1): NVIDIA GPU Quadro FX 4500 (G70GL) at PCI:129:0:0 (GPU-1) (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Memory: 524288 kBytes (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): VideoBIOS: 05.70.02.41.01 (II) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Detected PCI Express Link width: 16X (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Interlaced video modes are supported on this GPU (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Connected display device(s) on Quadro FX 4500 at PCI:129:0:0: (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0) (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): 310.0 MHz maximum pixel clock (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): Internal Dual Link TMDS (II) NVIDIA(0): Initialized GPU GART. (II) NVIDIA(0): Setting mode "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) Loading extension NV-GLX (II) NVIDIA(0): NVIDIA 3D Acceleration Architecture Initialized (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling shared memory pixmaps (II) NVIDIA(0): Using the NVIDIA 2D acceleration architecture (==) NVIDIA(0): Backing store disabled (==) NVIDIA(0): Silken mouse enabled (**) Option "dpms" (**) NVIDIA(0): DPMS enabled (II) Loading extension NV-CONTROL (==) RandR enabled (II) Setting vga for screen 0. (II) Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM (II) Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension (II) Initializing built-in extension XTEST (II) Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD (II) Initializing built-in extension XC-APPGROUP (II) Initializing built-in extension SECURITY (II) Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA (II) Initializing built-in extension XFIXES (II) Initializing built-in extension XFree86-Bigfont (II) Initializing built-in extension RENDER (II) Initializing built-in extension RANDR (II) Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE (II) Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE (II) Initializing built-in extension XEVIE (II) Initializing extension GLX (WW) Disabling Composite since Xinerama is enabled (**) Option "CoreKeyboard" (**) Keyboard0: Core Keyboard (**) Option "Protocol" "standard" (**) Keyboard0: Protocol: standard (**) Option "AutoRepeat" "500 30" (**) Option "XkbRules" "xorg" (**) Keyboard0: XkbRules: "xorg" (**) Option "XkbModel" "pc105" (**) Keyboard0: XkbModel: "pc105" (**) Option "XkbLayout" "us" (**) Keyboard0: XkbLayout: "us" (**) Option "CustomKeycodes" "off" (**) Keyboard0: CustomKeycodes disabled (**) Option "Protocol" "auto" (**) Mouse0: Device: "/dev/input/mice" (**) Mouse0: Protocol: "auto" (**) Option "CorePointer" (**) Mouse0: Core Pointer (**) Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" (**) Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" (**) Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" (**) Mouse0: ZAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5 (**) Mouse0: Buttons: 9 (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Mouse0" (type: MOUSE) (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Keyboard0" (type: KEYBOARD) (--) Mouse0: PnP-detected protocol: "ExplorerPS/2" (II) Mouse0: ps2EnableDataReporting: succeeded (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket) (II) NVIDIA(0): Setting mode "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) Mouse0: ps2EnableDataReporting: succeeded (the snipped part can be changed if necessary) Any help at all would be appreciated. Cheers, Alex

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Python hashable dicts

- by TokenMacGuy

As an exercise, and mostly for my own amusement, I'm implementing a backtracking packrat parser. The inspiration for this is i'd like to have a better idea about how hygenic macros would work in an algol-like language (as apposed to the syntax free lisp dialects you normally find them in). Because of this, different passes through the input might see different grammars, so cached parse results are invalid, unless I also store the current version of the grammar along with the cached parse results. (EDIT: a consequence of this use of key-value collections is that they should be immutable, but I don't intend to expose the interface to allow them to be changed, so either mutable or immutable collections are fine) The problem is that python dicts cannot appear as keys to other dicts. Even using a tuple (as I'd be doing anyways) doesn't help. >>> cache = {} >>> rule = {"foo":"bar"} >>> cache[(rule, "baz")] = "quux" Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' >>> I guess it has to be tuples all the way down. Now the python standard library provides approximately what i'd need, collections.namedtuple has a very different syntax, but can be used as a key. continuing from above session: >>> from collections import namedtuple >>> Rule = namedtuple("Rule",rule.keys()) >>> cache[(Rule(**rule), "baz")] = "quux" >>> cache {(Rule(foo='bar'), 'baz'): 'quux'} Ok. But I have to make a class for each possible combination of keys in the rule I would want to use, which isn't so bad, because each parse rule knows exactly what parameters it uses, so that class can be defined at the same time as the function that parses the rule. But combining the rules together is much more dynamic. In particular, I'd like a simple way to have rules override other rules, but collections.namedtuple has no analogue to dict.update(). Edit: An additional problem with namedtuples is that they are strictly positional. Two tuples that look like they should be different can in fact be the same: >>> you = namedtuple("foo",["bar","baz"]) >>> me = namedtuple("foo",["bar","quux"]) >>> you(bar=1,baz=2) == me(bar=1,quux=2) True >>> bob = namedtuple("foo",["baz","bar"]) >>> you(bar=1,baz=2) == bob(bar=1,baz=2) False tl'dr: How do I get dicts that can be used as keys to other dicts? Having hacked a bit on the answers, here's the more complete solution I'm using. Note that this does a bit extra work to make the resulting dicts vaguely immutable for practical purposes. Of course it's still quite easy to hack around it by calling dict.__setitem__(instance, key, value) but we're all adults here. class hashdict(dict): """ hashable dict implementation, suitable for use as a key into other dicts. >>> h1 = hashdict({"apples": 1, "bananas":2}) >>> h2 = hashdict({"bananas": 3, "mangoes": 5}) >>> h1+h2 hashdict(apples=1, bananas=3, mangoes=5) >>> d1 = {} >>> d1[h1] = "salad" >>> d1[h1] 'salad' >>> d1[h2] Traceback (most recent call last): ... KeyError: hashdict(bananas=3, mangoes=5) based on answers from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1151658/python-hashable-dicts """ def __key(self): return tuple(sorted(self.items())) def __repr__(self): return "{0}({1})".format(self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join("{0}={1}".format( str(i[0]),repr(i[1])) for i in self.__key())) def __hash__(self): return hash(self.__key()) def __setitem__(self, key, value): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def __delitem__(self, key): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def clear(self): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def pop(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def popitem(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def setdefault(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def update(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def __add__(self, right): result = hashdict(self) dict.update(result, right) return result if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest doctest.testmod()

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Class Decorators, Inheritence, super(), and maximum recursion

- by jamstooks

I'm trying to figure out how to use decorators on subclasses that use super(). Since my class decorator creates another subclass a decorated class seems to prevent the use of super() when it changes the className passed to super(className, self). Below is an example: def class_decorator(cls): class _DecoratedClass(cls): def __init__(self): return super(_DecoratedClass, self).__init__() return _DecoratedClass class BaseClass(object): def __init__(self): print "class: %s" % self.__class__.__name__ def print_class(self): print "class: %s" % self.__class__.__name__ bc = BaseClass().print_class() class SubClass(BaseClass): def print_class(self): super(SubClass, self).print_class() sc = SubClass().print_class() @class_decorator class SubClassAgain(BaseClass): def print_class(self): super(SubClassAgain, self).print_class() sca = SubClassAgain() # sca.print_class() # Uncomment for maximum recursion The output should be: class: BaseClass class: BaseClass class: SubClass class: SubClass class: _DecoratedClass Traceback (most recent call last): File "class_decorator_super.py", line 34, in <module> sca.print_class() File "class_decorator_super.py", line 31, in print_class super(SubClassAgain, self).print_class() ... ... RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object Does anyone know of a way to not break a subclass that uses super() when using a decorator? Ideally I'd like to reuse a class from time to time and simply decorate it w/out breaking it.

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Django-modpython project in a directory

- by Ankit Jaiswal

Hi All, I am deploying a Django project on apache server with mod_python in linux. I have created a directory structure like: /var/www/html/django/demoInstall where demoInstall is my project. In the httpd.conf I have put the following code. <Location "/django/demoInstall"> SetHandler python-program PythonHandler django.core.handlers.modpython SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE demoInstall.settings PythonOption django.root django/demoInstall PythonDebug On PythonPath "['/var/www/html/django'] + sys.path" </Location> It is getting me the django environment but the issue is that the urls mentioned in urls.py are not working correctly. In my url file I have mentioned the url like: (r'^$', views.index), Now, in the browser I am putting the url like : http://domainname/django/demoInstall/ and I am expecting the views.index to be invoked. But I guess it is expecting the url to be only: http://domainname/ . When I change the url mapping to: (r'^django/demoInstall$', views.index), it works fine. Please suggest as I do not want to change all the mappings in url config file. Thanks in advance.

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sorl-thumbnail unit tests fail by 1 pixel (!)

- by stevejalim

Hi I'm using sorl-thumbnail in a Django 1.2 (currently 1.2 RC) project and getting a surprising failure of four of sorl's built-in unit tests. Essentially, the resized images are all 1px shorter than the unit tests expect them to be. See below for details I'm developing on OSX 10.5.8 (not Snow Leopard) with Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Feb 6 2009, 19:02:12) and PIL 1.1.6. Any thoughts what might be up? Cheers Steve ====================================================================== FAIL: test_extension (sorl.thumbnail.tests.fields.FieldTest) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/fields.py", line 66, in test_extension self.verify_thumbnail((50, 37), thumb, expected_filename) File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/base.py", line 92, in verify_thumbnail self.assertEqual(image.size, expected_size) AssertionError: (50, 38) != (50, 37) ====================================================================== FAIL: test_thumbnail (sorl.thumbnail.tests.fields.ImageWithThumbnailsFieldTest) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/fields.py", line 111, in test_thumbnail self.verify_thumbnail((50, 37), thumb, expected_filename) File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/base.py", line 92, in verify_thumbnail self.assertEqual(image.size, expected_size) AssertionError: (50, 38) != (50, 37) ====================================================================== FAIL: testTag (sorl.thumbnail.tests.templatetags.ThumbnailTagTest) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/templatetags.py", line 118, in testTag self.verify_thumbnail((90, 67), expected_filename=expected_fn) File "/usr/local/django/myprojectnamehere/lib/sorl/thumbnail/tests/base.py", line 92, in verify_thumbnail self.assertEqual(image.size, expected_size) AssertionError: (90, 68) != (90, 67)

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Django Threaded Commenting System

- by Yasin Ozel

(and sorry for my english) I am learning Python and Django. Now, my challange is developing threaded generic comment system. There is two models, Post and Comment. -Post can be commented. -Comment can be commented. (endless/threaded) -Should not be a n+1 query problem in system. (No matter how many comments, should not increase the number of queries) My current models are like this: class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=100) content = models.TextField() child = generic.GenericRelation( 'Comment', content_type_field='parent_content_type', object_id_field='parent_object_id' ) class Comment(models.Model): content = models.TextField() child = generic.GenericRelation( 'self', content_type_field='parent_content_type', object_id_field='parent_object_id' ) parent_content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) parent_object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() parent = generic.GenericForeignKey( "parent_content_type", "parent_object_id") Are my models right? And how can i get all comment (with hierarchy) of post, without n+1 query problem? Note: I know mttp and other modules but I want to learn this system. Edit: I run "Post.objects.all().prefetch_related("child").get(pk=1)" command and this gave me post and its child comment. But when I wanna get child command of child command a new query is running. I can change command to ...prefetch_related("child__child__child...")... then still a new query running for every depth of child-parent relationship. Is there anyone who has idea about resolve this problem?

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Using pam_python in a script running with mod_python

- by markys

Hi ! I would like to develop a web interface to allow users of a Linux system to do certain tasks related to their account. I decided to write the backend of the site using Python and mod_python on Apache. To authenticate the users, I thought I could use python_pam to query the PAM service. I adapted the example bundled with the module and got this: # out is the output stream used to print debug def auth(username, password, out): def pam_conv(aut, query_list, user_data): out.write("Query list: " + str(query_list) + "\n") # List to store the responses to the different queries resp = [] for item in query_list: query, qtype = item # If PAM asks for an input, give the password if qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON or qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF: resp.append((str(password), 0)) elif qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ERROR_MSG or qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_TEXT_INFO: resp.append(('', 0)) out.write("Our response: " + str(resp) + "\n") return resp # If username of password is undefined, fail if username is None or password is None: return False service = 'login' pam_ = PAM.pam() pam_.start(service) # Set the username pam_.set_item(PAM.PAM_USER, str(username)) # Set the conversation callback pam_.set_item(PAM.PAM_CONV, pam_conv) try: pam_.authenticate() pam_.acct_mgmt() except PAM.error, resp: out.write("Error: " + str(resp) + "\n") return False except: return False # If we get here, the authentication worked return True My problem is that this function does not behave the same wether I use it in a simple script or through mod_python. To illustrate this, I wrote these simple cases: my_username = "markys" my_good_password = "lalala" my_bad_password = "lololo" def handler(req): req.content_type = "text/plain" req.write("1- " + str(auth(my_username,my_good_password,req) + "\n")) req.write("2- " + str(auth(my_username,my_bad_password,req) + "\n")) return apache.OK if __name__ == "__main__": print "1- " + str(auth(my_username,my_good_password,sys.__stdout__)) print "2- " + str(auth(my_username,my_bad_password,sys.__stdout__)) The result from the script is : Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lalala', 0)] 1- True Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lololo', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 2- False but the result from mod_python is : Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lalala', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 1- False Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lololo', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 2- False I don't understand why the auth function does not return the same value given the same inputs. Any idea where I got this wrong ? Here is the original script, if that could help you. Thanks a lot !

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mod_python req.subprocess_env not "seeing" PythonOptions

- by Brandon

I'm having trouble getting an environmental variable out of apache config. (don't ask why it's being done this way, I didn't originally code it) This is what I have in the apache config. <Location "/var/www"> SetHandler python-program PythonHandler mod_python.publisher PythonOption MYSQL_PWD ########### PythonDebug On </Location> This is the problem code... #this is the problem code in question. def index(req): req.add_common_vars() os.environ["MYSQL_PWD"] = req.subprocess_env["MYSQL_PWD"] req.content_type = "text/html" statText = getStatText() here is the traceback I'm getting from executing this. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1537, in HandlerDispatch default=default_handler, arg=req, silent=hlist.silent) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1229, in _process_target result = _execute_target(config, req, object, arg) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1128, in _execute_target result = object(arg) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/publisher.py", line 213, in handler published = publish_object(req, object) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/publisher.py", line 425, in publish_object return publish_object(req,util.apply_fs_data(object, req.form, req=req)) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/mod_python/util.py", line 554, in apply_fs_data return object(**args) File "/var/www/admin/Stat.py", line 299, in index os.environ["MYSQL_PWD"] = req.subprocess_env["MYSQL_PWD"] KeyError: 'MYSQL_PWD'

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Error Converting PIL B&W images to Numpy Arrays

- by Elliot

I am getting weird errors when I try to convert a black and white PIL image to a numpy array. An example of the code I am working with is below. if image.mode != '1': image = image.convert('1') #convert to B&W data = np.array(image) #convert data to a numpy array n_lines = data.shape[0] #number of raster passes line_range = range(data.shape[1]) for l in range(n_lines): # process one horizontal line of the image line = data[l] for n in line_range: if line[n] == 1: write_line_to(xl, z+scale*n, speed) #conversion to other program code elif line[n] == 0: run_to(xl, z+scale*n) #conversion to other program code I have tried this using both array and asarray for the conversion, and gotten different errors. If I use array, then the data I get out is nothing like what I put in. It looks like several very shrunken partial images side by side, with the remainder of the image space filled in in black. If I use asarray, then the entirety of python crashes during the raster step (on a random line). If I work with a greyscale image ('L'), then neither of these errors occurs for either array or asarray. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong? Is there something odd about the way PIL encodes B&W images, or something special I need to pass numpy to make it convert properly?

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urllib2.Request() with data returns empty url

- by Mr. Polywhirl

My main concern is the function: getUrlAndHtml() If I manually build and append the query to the end of the uri, I can get the response.url(), but if I pass a dictionary as the request data, the url does not come back. Is there anyway to guarantee the redirected url? In my example below, if thisWorks = True I get back a url, but the returned url is the request url as opposed to a redirect link. On a sidenote, the encoding for .E2.80.93 does not translate to - for some reason? #!/usr/bin/python import pprint import urllib import urllib2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from sys import argv URL = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?' def yesOrNo(boolVal): return 'yes' if boolVal else 'no' def getTitleFromRaw(page): return page.strip().replace(' ', '_') def getUrlAndHtml(title, printable=False): thisWorks = False if thisWorks: query = 'title={:s}&printable={:s}'.format(title, yesOrNo(printable)) opener = urllib2.build_opener() opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0')] response = opener.open(URL + query) else: params = {'title':title,'printable':yesOrNo(printable)} data = urllib.urlencode(params) headers = {'User-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'}; request = urllib2.Request(URL, data, headers) response = urllib2.urlopen(request) return response.geturl(), response.read() def getSoup(html, name=None, attrs=None): soup = BeautifulSoup(html) if name is None: return None return soup.find(name, attrs) def setTitle(soup, newTitle): title = soup.find('div', {'id':'toctitle'}) h2 = title.find('h2') h2.contents[0].replaceWith('{:s} for {:s}'.format(h2.getText(), newTitle)) def updateLinks(soup, url): fragment = '#' for a in soup.findAll('a', href=True): a['href'] = a['href'].replace(fragment, url + fragment) def writeToFile(soup, filename='out.html', indentLevel=2): with open(filename, 'wt') as out: pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=indentLevel, stream=out) pp.pprint(soup) print('Wrote {:s} successfully.'.format(filename)) if __name__ == '__main__': def exitPgrm(): print('usage: {:s} "<PAGE>" <FILE>'.format(argv[0])) exit(0) if len(argv) == 2: help = argv[1] if help == '-h' or help == '--help': exitPgrm() if False:''' if not len(argv) == 3: exitPgrm() ''' page = 'Led Zeppelin' # argv[1] filename = 'test.html' # argv[2] title = getTitleFromRaw(page) url, html = getUrlAndHtml(title) soup = getSoup(html, 'div', {'id':'toc'}) setTitle(soup, page) updateLinks(soup, url) writeToFile(soup, filename)

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Rebuilding old (2010) django project in 2012

- by birgit

I am trying to make an old Django project run again. After seemingly having solved issues with old sorl.thumbnail versions and deprecated expressions I now get this error when running python manage.py runserver I also tried to copy & paste my old files into a new Django project and get the exactly same error. Maybe someone here has a clue where the problem lies? Unhandled exception in thread started by <bound method Command.inner_run of <django.contrib.staticfiles.management.commands.runserver.Command object at 0x2a80510>> Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 88, in inner_run self.validate(display_num_errors=True) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 249, in validate num_errors = get_validation_errors(s, app) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/validation.py", line 35, in get_validation_errors for (app_name, error) in get_app_errors().items(): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 146, in get_app_errors self._populate() File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 61, in _populate self.load_app(app_name, True) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 78, in load_app models = import_module('.models', app_name) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module __import__(name) File "/home/me/Documents/wdws/wdws/../wdws/cityofwindows/models.py", line 73, in <module> class Image(models.Model): File "/home/me/Documents/wdws/wdws/../wdws/cityofwindows/models.py", line 83, in Image 'large': {'size': (640, 640)}, File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/fields/files.py", line 233, in __init__ super(FileField, self).__init__(verbose_name, name, **kwargs) TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'extra_thumbnails' I need to re-build the project just for visual documentation locally... so also any hints on how to quickly re-run outdated django-projects are very welcome!! Thanks a lot (using Ubuntu 12.04)

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MySQLDB query not returning all rows

- by RBK

I am trying to do a simple fetch using MySQLDB in Python. I have 2 tables(Accounts & Products). I have to look up Accounts table, get acc_id from it & query the Products table using it. The Products tables has more than 10 rows. But when I run this code it randomly returns between 0 & 6 rows each time I run it. Here's the code snippet: # Set up connection con = mdb.connect('db.xxxxx.com', 'user', 'password', 'mydb') # Create cursor cur = con.cursor() # Execute query cur.execute("SELECT acc_id FROM Accounts WHERE ext_acc = '%s'" % account_num ) # account_num is alpha-numberic and is got from preceding part of the program # A tuple is returned, so get the 0th item from it acc_id = cur.fetchone()[0] print "account_id = ", acc_id # Close the cursor - I was not sure if I can reuse it cur.close() # Reopen the cursor cur = con.cursor() # Second query cur.execute("SELECT * FROM Products WHERE account_id = %d" % acc_id) keys = cur.fetchall() print cur.rowcount # This prints incorrect row count for key in keys: # Does not print all rows. Tried to directly print keys instead of iterating - same result :( print key # Closing the cursor & connection cur.close() con.close() The weird part is, I tried to step through the code using a debugger(PyDev on Eclipse) and it correctly gets all rows(both the value stored in the variable 'keys' as well as console output are correct). I am sure my DB has correct data since I ran the same SQL on MySQL console & got the correct result. Just to be sure I was not improperly closing the connection, I tried using with con instead of manually closing the connection and it's the same result. I did RTFM but I couldn't find much in it to help me with this issue. Where am I going wrong? Thank you. EDIT: I noticed another weird thing now. In the line cur.execute("SELECT * FROM Products WHERE account_id = %d" % acc_id), I hard-coded the acc_id value, i.e made it cur.execute("SELECT * FROM Products WHERE account_id = %d" % 322) and it returns all rows

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Is there any better way to capture the screen than PIL.ImageGrab.grab()?

- by user1474837

I am making a screen capture program with python. My current problem is PIL.ImageGrab.grab() gives me the same output as 2 seconds later. For instance, for I think I am not being clear, in the following program, almost all the images are the same, have the same Image.tostring() value, even though I was moving my screen during the time the PIL.ImageGrab.grab loop was executing. >>> from PIL.ImageGrab import grab >>> l = [] >>> import time >>> for a in l: l.append(grab()) time.sleep(0.01) >>> for a in range(0, 30): l.append(grab()) time.sleep(0.01) >>> b = [] >>> for a in l: b.append(a.tostring()) >>> len(b) 30 >>> del l >>> last = [] >>> a = 0 >>> a = -1 >>> last = "" >>> same = -1 >>> for pic in b: if b == last: same = same + 1 last = b >>> same 28 >>> This is a problem, as all the images are the same but 1. 1 out of 30 is different. That would make for a absolutly horrable quality video. Please, tell me if there is any better quality alternative to PIL.ImageGrab.grab(). I need to capture the whole screen. Thanks!

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How can I use io.StringIO() with the csv module?

- by Tim Pietzcker

I tried to backport a Python 3 program to 2.7, and I'm stuck with a strange problem: >>> import io >>> import csv >>> output = io.StringIO() >>> output.write("Hello!") # Fail: io.StringIO expects Unicode Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unicode argument expected, got 'str' >>> output.write(u"Hello!") # This works as expected. 6L >>> writer = csv.writer(output) # Now let's try this with the csv module: >>> csvdata = [u"Hello", u"Goodbye"] # Look ma, all Unicode! (?) >>> writer.writerow(csvdata) # Sadly, no. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unicode argument expected, got 'str' According to the docs, io.StringIO() returns an in-memory stream for Unicode text. It works correctly when I try and feed it a Unicode string manually. Why does it fail in conjunction with the csv module, even if all the strings being written are Unicode strings? Where does the str come from that causes the Exception? (I do know that I can use StringIO.StringIO() instead, but I'm wondering what's wrong with io.StringIO() in this scenario)

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singledispatch in class, how to dispatch self type

- by yanxinyou

Using python3.4. Here I want use singledispatch to dispatch different type in __mul__ method . The code like this : class Vector(object): ## some code not paste @functools.singledispatch def __mul__(self, other): raise NotImplementedError("can't mul these type") @__mul__.register(int) @__mul__.register(object) # Becasue can't use Vector , I have to use object def _(self, other): result = Vector(len(self)) # start with vector of zeros for j in range(len(self)): result[j] = self[j]*other return result @__mul__.register(Vector) # how can I use the self't type @__mul__.register(object) # def _(self, other): pass # need impl As you can see the code , I want support Vector*Vertor , This has Name error Traceback (most recent call last): File "p_algorithms\vector.py", line 6, in <module> class Vector(object): File "p_algorithms\vector.py", line 84, in Vector @__mul__.register(Vector) # how can I use the self't type NameError: name 'Vector' is not defined The question may be How Can I use class Name a Type in the class's method ? I know c++ have font class statement . How python solve my problem ? And it is strange to see result = Vector(len(self)) where the Vector can be used in method body .

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Dynamic programming Approach- Knapsack Puzzle

- by idalsin

I'm trying to solve the Knapsack problem with the dynamical programming(DP) approach, with Python 3.x. My TA pointed us towards this code for a head start. I've tried to implement it, as below: def take_input(infile): f_open = open(infile, 'r') lines = [] for line in f_open: lines.append(line.strip()) f_open.close() return lines def create_list(jewel_lines): #turns the jewels into a list of lists jewels_list = [] for x in jewel_lines: weight = x.split()[0] value = x.split()[1] jewels_list.append((int(value), int(weight))) jewels_list = sorted(jewels_list, key = lambda x : (-x[0], x[1])) return jewels_list def dynamic_grab(items, max_weight): table = [[0 for weight in range(max_weight+1)] for j in range(len(items)+1)] for j in range(1,len(items)+1): val= items[j-1][0] wt= items[j-1][1] for weight in range(1, max_weight+1): if wt > weight: table[j][weight] = table[j-1][weight] else: table[j][weight] = max(table[j-1][weight],table[j-1][weight-wt] + val) result = [] weight = max_weight for j in range(len(items),0,-1): was_added = table[j][weight] != table[j-1][weight] if was_added: val = items[j-1][0] wt = items[j-1][1] result.append(items[j-1]) weight -= wt return result def totalvalue(comb): #total of a combo of items totwt = totval = 0 for val, wt in comb: totwt += wt totval += val return (totval, -totwt) if totwt <= max_weight else (0,0) #required setup of variables infile = "JT_test1.txt" given_input = take_input(infile) max_weight = int(given_input[0]) given_input.pop(0) jewels_list = create_list(given_input) #test lines print(jewels_list) print(greedy_grab(jewels_list, max_weight)) bagged = dynamic_grab(jewels_list, max_weight) print(totalvalue(bagged)) The sample case is below. It is in the format line[0] = bag_max, line[1:] is in form(weight, value): 575 125 3000 50 100 500 6000 25 30 I'm confused as to the logic of this code in that it returns me a tuple and I'm not sure what the output tuple represents. I've been looking at this for a while and just don't understand what the code is pointing me at. Any help would be appreciated.

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Python Glade could not create GladeXML Object

- by Peter

Hey, I've created a simple window GUI in Glade 3.6.7 and I am trying to import it into Python. Every time I try to do so I get the following error: (queryrelevanceevaluation.py:8804): libglade-WARNING **: Expected <glade-interface>. Got <interface>. (queryrelevanceevaluation.py:8804): libglade-WARNING **: did not finish in PARSER_FINISH state Traceback (most recent call last): File "queryrelevanceevaluation.py", line 17, in <module> app = QueryRelevanceEvaluationApp() File "queryrelevanceevaluation.py", line 10, in __init__ self.widgets = gtk.glade.XML(gladefile) RuntimeError: could not create GladeXML object My Python Code: #!/usr/bin/env python import gtk import gtk.glade class QueryRelevanceEvaluationApp: def __init__(self): gladefile = "foo.glade" self.widgets = gtk.glade.XML(gladefile) dic = {"on_buttonGenerate_clicked" : self.on_buttonGenerate_clicked} self.widgets.signal_autoconnect(dic) def on_buttonGenerate_clicked(self, widget): print "You clicked the button" app = QueryRelevanceEvaluationApp() gtk.main() And the foo.glade file: <?xml version="1.0"?> <interface> <requires lib="gtk+" version="2.16"/>  <object class="GtkWindow" id="windowRelevanceEvaluation"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="title" translatable="yes">Query Result Relevance Evaluation</property> <child> <object class="GtkVBox" id="vbox1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="orientation">vertical</property> <child> <object class="GtkHBox" id="hbox2"> <property name="visible">True</property> <child> <object class="GtkLabel" id="labelQuery"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Query:</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="padding">4</property> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkEntry" id="entry1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="invisible_char">●</property> </object> <packing> <property name="padding">4</property> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> </object> <packing> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkFrame" id="frameSource"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label_xalign">0</property> <child> <object class="GtkAlignment" id="alignment1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="left_padding">12</property> <child> <object class="GtkHButtonBox" id="hbuttonbox1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <child> <object class="GtkRadioButton" id="radiobuttonGoogle"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Google</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">False</property> <property name="active">True</property> <property name="draw_indicator">True</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">False</property> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkRadioButton" id="radiobuttonBing"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Bing</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">False</property> <property name="active">True</property> <property name="draw_indicator">True</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">False</property> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkRadioButton" id="radiobuttonBoden"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Boden</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">False</property> <property name="active">True</property> <property name="draw_indicator">True</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">False</property> <property name="position">2</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkRadioButton" id="radiobuttonCSV"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">CSV</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">False</property> <property name="active">True</property> <property name="draw_indicator">True</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">False</property> <property name="position">3</property> </packing> </child> </object> </child> </object> </child> <child type="label"> <object class="GtkLabel" id="labelFrameSource"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label" translatable="yes"><b>Source</b></property> <property name="use_markup">True</property> </object> </child> </object> <packing> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkFrame" id="frame1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label_xalign">0</property> <child> <object class="GtkHBox" id="hbox3"> <property name="visible">True</property> <child> <object class="GtkLabel" id="labelResults"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Number Results:</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkSpinButton" id="spinbuttonResults"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="invisible_char">●</property> </object> <packing> <property name="padding">4</property> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> </object> </child> <child type="label"> <object class="GtkLabel" id="labelFrameResults"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="label" translatable="yes"><b>Results</b></property> <property name="use_markup">True</property> </object> </child> </object> <packing> <property name="padding">2</property> <property name="position">2</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkButton" id="buttonGenerateResults"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">Generate!</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">True</property> </object> <packing> <property name="position">3</property> </packing> </child> </object> </child> </object> </interface> foo.glade and the above python script are in the same directory, and I have tried using a fully-qualified path but still get the same error (I am certain that the path is correct!). Any ideas? Cheers, Pete

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Media Hint Brings Hulu, Netflix, and Pandora to non-U.S. Residents

- by Jason Fitzpatrick

Chrome: If you’re outside the United States you know all too well how irritating it can be when you’re denied access to streaming services because of your location. Stop missing out and start streaming with Chrome extension Media Hint. So what’s the secret sauce? The extensions routes your traffic–just the traffic for the streaming service–through U.S.-based proxies so you can enjoy content unavailable in your home country. The extension requires no configuration or registration, simply install it and visit Hulu, Netflix, or Pandora to start streaming. Media Hint is a free extension, Chrome only. Media Hint [via Digital Inspiration] 6 Ways Windows 8 Is More Secure Than Windows 7 HTG Explains: Why It’s Good That Your Computer’s RAM Is Full 10 Awesome Improvements For Desktop Users in Windows 8

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Developing gnome shell extensions with eclipse as a IDE

- by GAP

I would like to know whether any body has used Eclipse JavaScript support for developing gnome-exensions. Actually aiming here for the context support which is available in eclipse. And i though if i could add all the java scripts that a extension is inheriting (base scrips) in to a user library, then i could included it as a dependency in my extension project. Have any once done this already ? Does all the methods that are used in a exentions exist in the base scripts ? In what directories does the base scripts exist ? So far i tried adding the scripts in the following directory but still i have error when i try to look at the journal gnome extension code. /usr/share/gnome-shell/js /usr/share/gjs-1.0 Thanks

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Why does this extension method throw a NullReferenceException in VB.NET?

- by Dan

From previous experience I had been under the impression that it's perfectly legal (though perhaps not advisable) to call extension methods on a null instance. So in C#, this code compiles and runs: // code in static class static bool IsNull(this object obj) { return obj == null; } // code elsewhere object x = null; bool exists = !x.IsNull(); However, I was just putting together a little suite of example code for the other members of my development team (we just upgraded to .NET 3.5 and I've been assigned the task of getting the team up to speed on some of the new features available to us), and I wrote what I thought was the VB.NET equivalent of the above code, only to discover that it actually throws a NullReferenceException. The code I wrote was this: ' code in module ' <Extension()> _ Function IsNull(ByVal obj As Object) As Boolean Return obj Is Nothing End Function ' code elsewhere ' Dim exampleObject As Object = Nothing Dim exists As Boolean = Not exampleObject.IsNull() The debugger stops right there, as if I'd called an instance method. Am I doing something wrong (e.g., is there some subtle difference in the way I defined the extension method between C# and VB.NET)? Is it actually not legal to call an extension method on a null instance in VB.NET, though it's legal in C#? (I would have thought this was a .NET thing as opposed to a language-specific thing, but perhaps I was wrong.) Can anybody explain this one to me?

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Automating HP Quality Center with Python or Java

- by Hari

Hi, We have a project that uses HP Quality Center and one of the regular issues we face is people not updating comments on the defect. So I was thinkingif we could come up with a small script or tool that could be used to periodically throw up a reminder and force the user to update the comments. I came across the Open Test Architecture API and was wondering if there are any good Python or java examples for the same that I could see. Thanks Hari

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