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• How to encrypt disk transparently without destroying data

  - by aseq

  On a Linux system, be it Debian, Redhat or any distro, I would like to encrypt the disk on the fly. That is, encrypt the disk transparently to the OS whilst it is running, reboots, shuts down etc. In addition it should not destroy data. I know there is (commercial) software for windows that does it. But I need a Linux solution. The solutions I know of do not support this as far as I can see (luks, truecrypt...). Maybe there is some hack or work around available?

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• shibboleth: tomcat failing to start IdP listener

  - by HorusKol

  I have installed a Shibboleth Identity Provider as per http://www.edugate.ie/workshop-guides/shibboleth-2-identity-provider-installation-linux-debian-or-ubuntu However, testing only gave me a 404 from Tomcat, and when I checked the Tomcat logs, I saw that the IdP listener was not starting: 10/01/2011 11:25:31 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor idp.xml 10/01/2011 11:25:32 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start SEVERE: Error listenerStart 10/01/2011 11:25:32 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start SEVERE: Context [/idp] startup failed due to previous errors The IdP descriptor file has the following context: <Context docBase="/opt/shibboleth-idp/war/idp.war" privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false" antiJARLocking="false" unpackWAR="true" /> I have confirmed that the WAR file is located as the Context above specifies - as I have found similar issues from other people where the WAR file was not found. However, the logs posted by those people indicate that the descriptor file was correctly read by Tomcat and their problem was with the WAR file itself. I'm assuming this is some kind of syntax error with the idp.xml, but cannot determine what it might be. Also - setting the Tomcat logging level to FINEST does not provide any additional information in the logs for this error.

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• No resizing / Auto fit and Unity with Ubuntu 9.10 as Guest at all

  - by andyt25

  Hi! Problem 1: I have Ubuntu 9.10 installed and Workstation 7.01. All VMs (WinXP, Win7, Debian) I run do not resize any more. Problem 2: Unity Mode "Bar" works for short and disapears after seconds .. opened programs with unity mode work well, but the bar disapears History: I changed from Ubuntu 9.04 to 9.10, no VM was moved or changed. Latest VMWare Tools are installed, Auto fit Guest is activated. I am quite sure, that resizing / auto fitting and Unity Mode worked well with Ubuntu 9.04 thx for a hint, i hope didn't overlook something ..

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• Does Dynamic DNS require separate subdomains?

  - by kce

  Hello. I have a functioning DHCP/DNS (ISC Bind 9.6, DHCP 3.1.1) server running on Debian that I would like to add DynamicDNS functionality to. I have a pretty simple question: Does DynamicDNS require (or recommend) separate sub-domains? I have seen a few tutorials where the the clients that are acquiring their IP addresses and other networking information via DHCP are on a different sub-domain as the servers which are statically configured (both in terms of IP, and DNS). For example: All the clients are on ws.example.org and the servers on example.org. Right now all of our servers and clients are in the same domain (example.org) but spread across different zone files (because we have multiple subnets). The clients are configured with DHCP and the servers are configured statically. If I want to setup DynamicDNS for the clients should I use a separate sub-domain? What's the best practice here (and why or why not would it be a bad idea to do otherwise)? Thanks.

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• Ngingx wont start with fastcgi_split_path_info" error

  - by Ke

  Hi, I heard that nginx is faster and since im on a VPS with low ram i thought id try it out. I got through this tutorial http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-php-5.3-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-ubuntu-debian But I now get the following error: unknown directive "fastcgi_split_path_info" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:28 Anyone know what might be causing the problem? I cant find any reference to the problem on Google Also I have heard conflicting things about Nginx vs Apache. Some say use one, some say the other. Im using allsorts such as rewrite rules, proxies etc. Am I setting myself up for a fall by using Nginx? If I go for apache, does anyone know of anyway to tweak it so that it performs better on a low ram VPS? Cheers Ke

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• Ngingx wont start with fastcgi_split_path_info" error

  - by Ke

  Hi, I heard that nginx is faster and since im on a VPS with low ram i thought id try it out. I got through this tutorial http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-php-5.3-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-ubuntu-debian But I now get the following error: unknown directive "fastcgi_split_path_info" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:28 Anyone know what might be causing the problem? I cant find any reference to the problem on Google Also I have heard conflicting things about Nginx vs Apache. Some say use one, some say the other. Im using allsorts such as rewrite rules, proxies etc. Am I setting myself up for a fall by using Nginx? If I go for apache, does anyone know of anyway to tweak it so that it performs better on a low ram VPS? Cheers Ke

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• Toolkit & Habits for Linux Network & System Administration [closed]

  - by slashmais

  I am tasked with the administration of a small office network as well as several workstations running mostly Debian and Ubuntu. There are two servers: one database & print-server, and one backup & file server. Being relatively new to this side of things, knowing enough to help myself to some degree on Linux, I would like to know what software tools and tasks/habits I can use/acquire to learn this field and be effective while doings so. I don't need to know what is the best, just what a newbie sys-admin can use as a starter-pack to learn and use as a base to grow into proper system administration. [edit] What I need is those few basic tools to start with, and the kind of things I need to do regularly, e.g.: which logs to check, when & what to monitor, the kind of 'right' place to start and to which I can ad as I need.

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• OpenSolaris with no gcc vs. Nexenta with no ext3

  - by Jake Wharton

  I'm attempting to migrate my server from linux to a Solaris variant during a hardware upgrade. The machine is based around an Abit AN-M2 board which has an NForce chipset. I have what seems to be a chicken-and-egg problem of sorts: OpenSolaris 2009.06 does not recognize the NIC and I cannot compile the drivers for it as it also lacks gcc. I haven't tested as to whether or not I can mount an ext3 partition yet but its moot if there is no networking. Nexenta 3.0b3 recognizes the NIC but I cannot get the ext3 drives mounted due to FSWfspart refusing to install. I do not know much about Solaris but I wager this is due to the fact that Nexenta is based around Debian as well. While I am reusing the mobo/CPU combo, I did just spent a lot of money on the other hardware around it and would very much like to get it up and running smoothly and quickly. Does anyone have any suggestions that are not: Get a new mobo/CPU Run another OS Use alternate NIC

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• Perl script segfaulting after 64-bit upgrade

  - by Brent

  I recently upgraded a 32-bit Debian server to 64-bit by re-installing, and copying my data into place. After this I have a perl script that repeats the following, and is segfaulting on the tell line: seek(FIN,$ps,0); tell(FIN, $ps); $line=<FIN>; I don't speak perl, so I'm not sure exactly what is going on here. I can get the script to run (apparently successfully) by commenting every occurrence of tell, but this is obviously not the best solution. I suspect that tell is calling a 32-bit binary or something, and that is the cause of the segfault - but I don't know. Can someone explain what tell does, and if it is indeed a separate binary, what package it belongs to (or how it is installed ie. cpan)? Or perhaps I am on the wrong track?

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• How to setup PPTP-VPN on ubuntu and how to run ?

  - by NAVEED

  I was using my cable internet on windows and it was working. Now I moved to ubuntu for development work. But I am unable to connect this internet on ubuntu. I called their technical support and they ask me to install PPTP (I have forgot the exact name) and then provide our server name, my username and passowrd. I downloaded(from windows internet) PPTP debian and install it but I did not find it after installation. From where can I use this client?? can someone tell me that how to install PPTP on ubuntu without internet and how to run this software and how to use? Thanks

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• How to setup PPTP-VPN on ubuntu and how to run ?

  - by NAVEED

  I was using my cable internet on windows and it was working. Now I moved to ubuntu for development work. But I am unable to connect this internet on ubuntu. I called their technical support and they ask me to install PPTP (I have forgot the exact name) and then provide our server name, my username and passowrd. I downloaded(from windows internet) PPTP debian and install it but I did not find it after installation. From where can I use this client?? can someone tell me that how to install PPTP on ubuntu without internet and how to run this software and how to use? Thanks

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• CentOS PAM+LDAP login and host attribute

  - by pianisteg

  My system is CentOS 6.3, openldap is configured well, PAM authorization works fine. But after turning pam_check_host_attr to yes, all LDAP-auths fail with message "Access denied for this host". hostname on the server returns correct value, the same value is listed in user's profile. "pam_check_host_attr no" works fine and allows everyone with correct uid/password a piece of /var/log/secure: Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1588]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=my-host user=my-username Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1588]: Failed password for my-username from 77.AA.BB.CC port 58528 ssh2 Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1589]: fatal: Access denied for user my-username by PAM account configuration Another two servers (CentOS 5.7 Debian) authorizes on this LDAP server correctly. Even with pam_check_host_attr yes! I didn't edit /etc/security/access.conf, it is empty, only default comments. I don't know what to do! How to fix this?

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• Reboot VPS by reaching memory limit

  - by Ali

  When a server uses memory more than available RAM, the system will shut down the virtual machine. Then, it is only possible to boot from outside (VPS control panel, e.g. vePortal or SolusVM). However, it should be possible to plan a reboot before possible shut down. What is the best practical method to check the used memory, and reboot the system upon reaching e.g. 90% of the allowed RAM? Is there a common program or script to do so? I am using Debian/Ubuntu.

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• Transferring existing files from ext3 to ZFS (on FreeBSD)

  - by peppergrower

  I use an old machine as a file server, for backups, and as a testbed for development. I currently have Debian installed, but I'm very interested in FreeBSD because of ZFS: I really, really like its file integrity features. Before I switch, however, I wanted to ask: what's the best way to migrate my ~400GB of files from the current filesystem (ext3) to ZFS? My number-one requirement is that the migration be absolutely reliable: I don't want to lose any data. (I'll be backing it up before doing this anyway, but still.) My secondary goal is speed: I'd rather not have this take overnight if it doesn't have to. Recommendations? Is FUSE for FreeBSD stable enough to use? What about FreeBSD's native read support for ext3? NFS, maybe? How have you done this?

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• Load balancing two web servers with ultra monkey

  - by Mark L

  Hello, In 2006 a company I was working with setup two load balancers to balance traffic between two web servers. We used ultra monkey to do so. I'm hoping to do the same now. My question: Would anyone recommend using ultra monkey to balance traffic between two linux boxes running apache? Are there other linux-based alternatives which have since proven to be better for this task? Would you still install debian sarge on a load balancer given it's age? Thanks everyone!

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• Firefox / Iceweasel hangs at exit

  - by mxp

  On my Debian (testing) system, I found that for some time now Firefox hangs when exiting. There is no window visible anymore and the process utilizes one CPU core to 100%. No other instances can be started until that process is killed. I tried the Basic Troubleshooting guide but that didn't help. Starting it with iceweasel -safe-mode and then choosing none of the options but just clicking "quit" caused the same behavior. Creating a new profile also didn't change anything. Any ideas what else I could try?

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• Network architecture when using Rackspace's Cloud

  - by brianz

  I'm planning on launching a web application soon, and have decided on using Rackspace's Cloud offering with Debian. I'm not expecting that much traffic to start, but would rather get the architecture correct now even with the small VPSs. The thing I'm not quite sure about is how many VPSs I should get. At a minimum, I know I'll want three VPSs: Two Apache webservers One server for MySQL I'd also like: Nginx load balancer MySQL replication memcached I'm not sure where those last three processes should be running. Can the load balancer run on the same machine as the MySQL slave, or should they each run on their own machine? Does memcached run alongside the webservers or on different machines?

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• Can I port forward to an established reverse ssh tunnel

  - by Ben Holness

  I have three computers, A, B and C A has initiated a reverse ssh tunnel to B: ssh -nTNx -p 443 -R 22222:localhost:22 [user]@[server] If I log in to B, I can use 'ssh -p 22222 localhost' and I get a login prompt for A. If I try 'ssh -p 22222 [public IP of B]', it doesn't work What I would like to be able to do is have C connect to A without needing to login to B. So from C I could 'ssh -p 22222 [public IP of B]' and I would get the login prompt for A. I am using debian and shorewall and I have a basic understanding of how things work. I have tried various combinations of REDIRECT and DNAT rules, but haven't had any luck. I have tried using the same port (22222) and a different port (forwarding 22223 from C to 22222 on localhost). Any ideas? Cheers, Ben

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• Testing domains on intranet/local network?

  - by meder

  This may sound like a very silly question, but how could I setup domains ( eg www.foo.com ) on my local network? I know that all a domain is, is just a name registered to a name server and that nameserver has a zone record, and in the zone record there are several records of which the A Record is the most important in dictating where the lookup goes to, which machine it should point to. I basically want to make it so that I can refer to my other computer/webserver as 'www.foo.com' and make my local sites accessible by that, mess with virtualhost records in Apache and zone records for the domain except locally so I can explore and fiddle around and learn instead of having to rely on the domains I own on a public registrar that I could only access through the internet. Once again I apologize if this is a silly question, or if I'm completely thinking backwards. Background information: My OS is Debian, I'm a novice at Linux. I've done very small edits in zone records on a Bind9 Server but that's the extent of my networking experience.

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• Set Users as chrooted for sftp, but allow user to login in SSH

  - by Eghes

  I have setup a ssh server on debian 7, to use sftp connection. I chrooted some user, with this config: Match Group sftpusers ChrootDirectory /sftp/%u ForceCommand internal-sftp But if i want login with one of this chrooted users in ssh console, they get logged, but autoclose the connection. In logs I see: Oct 17 13:39:32 xxxxxx sshd[31100]: Accepted password for yyyyyy from zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz port 7855 ssh2 Oct 17 13:39:32 xxxxxx[31100]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user yyyyyyyyyyyy by (uid=0) Oct 17 13:39:32 d00hyr-ea1 sshd[31100]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user yyyyyyyyyyyy How can I chroot a user only for sftp, and use it as a normal user for ssh?

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• Why use FQDN as DNS-server option in DHCP?

  - by Filip Haglund

  I've seen multiple default configurations of DHCP-servers with a FQDN set as the DNS-server option. Doesn't this imply a catch-22, or the need for that DNS-server to be in the hosts file of every single client? example from dhcp3-server in debian 6: option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org; I can see how using a dns name is convenient because it's only an A-record to change, and they can be load balanced if wanted, but I don't see how the client is going to resolve the name. Why are people using FQDN's as DNS-server addresses in DHCP?

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• Hebrew (utf8) characters in windows cmd console

  - by epeleg

  I previously asked this Q: utf8 hebrew on mysql console on debian (via putty on windows) And managed to get it working by starting mysql with --default-character-set=utf8 and setting putty to show utf8 as well. Now I need to do the same but on a windows server. The data is again the same but when I start mysql with --default-character-set=utf8 it I see multuple characters where I am supposed to see hebrew. I think the problem is with the set up of windows cmd console that it does not properly display utf8. any ideas ?

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• Getting PHP to work with apache to run .php files through browser

  - by Kevin Duke

  I have VPS running Debian 5.0 (I think) and I would like to get it to run PHP files. I was told it needed to be configured with Apache. I tried entering the command apt-get install apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5. But there was no change. Console output: http://pastebin.com/sVMWq6mA This is everything in my /etc/apache2/mods-enabled: http://img35.imageshack.us/img35/6474/modsb.jpg My webserver can be accessed here: http://206.217.223.136/test/ In my test.php file I have the code : <?php phpinfo(); ?> but instead of displaying the page, it tries to download it. How can I fix this?

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• Can't connect using Jail SFTP account

  - by Fazal

  I've been following this tutorial "Limiting Access with SFTP Jails on Debian and Ubuntu" and whilst I've had no errors setting it up, I've had issues on Ubuntu 10.04LTS logging in as a user on a virtualhost. I've changed my SSH port to 22022, and enter all the credentials when attempting to login. I ran these commands to add a user to the virtualhost: # useradd -d /srv/www/[domain] [username] # passwd [username] # usermod -G filetransfer [username] # chown [username]:[username] /srv/www/[domain]/public_html I should add that this is the only time I've setup the user they have no other /home directories or such. The directory that does exist is at /srv/www/example.com/public_html When I try using a desktop package such as cyberduck to login to the site, I keep getting a "Login failed with this username or password". I am completely lost as what to do next... The reason why I'm trying this method is because I want my clients to use SFTP and not FTP to upload files to their websites. Any help or direction is appreciated.

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• Linux with Windows XP vmware guest unable to access certain Internet hosts

  - by unknown

  hi I have annoying problem. My setup is the following: debian Linux, 64 bits, VMWare workstation 7 host, with Windows XP running as guest. From Firefox, or Internet Explorer, I am unable to access few sites, for example nvidia.com, osdir. Basically get connection timed out, on the other hand ping works to those sites. Moreover, Slashdot loads very very slow and sometimes gets horrible text-only version. everything works fine on Linux host I suspect it has something to do with routing on Linux, I recall having similar problem long time ago, which was fixed by setting something in /proc. I tried setting MTU and TCP window size on Windows lower, but did not help Any idea what is going on?

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