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• SIGINT and SIGTSTP ignored by most common applications

  - by Vašek Potocek

  After the last upgrade to my Fedora, a strange behaviour started occurring in X terminal applications. I can't seem to stop any process using Ctrl+C, it just results in printing ^C to the console. Similarly, Ctrl+Z prints ^Z and the process goes on. Both work well in non-graphical virtual consoles. I checked stty -a and it seems perfectly normal: speed 38400 baud; rows 24; columns 80; line = 0; intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = M-^?; eol2 = M-^?; swtch = M-^?; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W; lnext = ^V; flush = ^O; min = 1; time = 0; -parenb -parodd cs8 hupcl -cstopb cread -clocal -crtscts -ignbrk brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr icrnl ixon -ixoff -iuclc ixany imaxbel iutf8 opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0 isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke This is independent of the terminal (gnome-terminal, XFCE4 terminal, xterm). I later noticed that it may not be caused by the terminal at all: INT or TSTP sent directly to the respective process are ignored, too. This comprises various applications I used to terminate using Ctrl+C on a regular basis (and which often don't have any better means of exiting): cat, find, tail -f, java, ping, mplayer when stuck on a broken file... Even bash ignores Ctrl+C when I want to break a command line I have been entering and then changed my mind (no ^C is printed in this case). I need to delete it character by character (of which there may be hundreds if filename completion has been used) or intentionally run the unwanted command. Strangely enough, vim does recognize Ctrl+C—just to say its "use :quit", of course. This is extremely annoying and prevents me from working efficiently. Everything had been working until lately, maybe a week ago or so. I can not find any possible causes in Google, perhaps I'm trying wrong search terms or misidentifying the main problem. What could be it and how could I revert the standard behaviour, please? Update Ctrl+Z works sometimes. It seems that in the very first terminal I launch after logging in it stops the running command but stops working after that.

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• Exchange IMAP4 connector - Error Event ID 2006

  - by MikeB

  A couple of users in my organisation use IMAP4 to connect to Exchange 2007 (Update rollup 9 applied) because they prefer Thunderbird / Postbox clients. One of the users is generating errors in the Application Log as follows: An exception Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ConversionFailedException occurred while converting message Imap4Message 1523, user "*******", folder *********, subject: "******", date: "*******" into MIME format. Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ConversionFailedException: Message content has become corrupted. ---> System.ArgumentException: Value should be a valid content type in the form 'token/token' Parameter name: value at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Mime.ContentTypeHeader.set_Value(String value) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.MimeStreamWriter.WriteHeader(HeaderId type, String data) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimeStreamAttachment(StreamAttachmentBase attachment, MimeFlags flags) --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimeStreamAttachment(StreamAttachmentBase attachment, MimeFlags flags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimeAttachment(MimePartInfo part, MimeFlags flags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimePart(MimePartInfo part, MimeFlags mimeFlags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimeParts(List`1 parts, MimeFlags mimeFlags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ItemToMimeConverter.WriteMimePart(MimePartInfo part, MimeFlags mimeFlags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ImapItemConverter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<WriteMimePart>b__0() at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ConvertUtils.CallCts(Trace tracer, String methodName, String exceptionString, CtsCall ctsCall) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ImapItemConverter.WriteMimePart(ItemToMimeConverter converter, MimeStreamWriter writer, OutboundConversionOptions options, MimePartInfo partInfo, MimeFlags conversionFlags) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ImapItemConverter.GetBody(Stream outStream) at Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.ImapItemConverter.GetBody(Stream outStream, UInt32[] indices) From my reading around it seems that the suggestion is to ask users to log in to Outlook / OWA and view the messages there. However, having logged in as the users myself, the messages cannot be found either through searching or by browsing the folder detailed in the log entry. The server returns the following error to the client: "The message could not be retrieved using the IMAP4 protocol. The message has not been deleted and may be accessible using either Microsoft Outlook or Microsoft Office Outlook Web Access. You can also try contacting the original sender of the message to find out about the contents of the message. Retrieval of this message will be retried when the server is updated with a fix that addresses the problem." Messages were transferred in to Exchange by copying them from the old Apple Xserve, accessed using IMAP. So my question, finally: 1. Is there any way to get the IMAP Exchange connector to rebuild its cache of messages since it doesn't seem to be pulling them directly from the MAPI store? 2. Alternatively, if there is no database, any ideas on why these messages don't appear in Outlook or OWA would be gratefully received. Many thanks, Mike

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• Dlink search is hijacking my browser

  - by James

  For months now "DLink search" has been hijacking my search engines. I use google chrome, and I have organized my search engines in the handy dandy "manage search engines" tool about a TRILLION times. It never even says D-link is hacking my search engines. It does not show up! I have read many posts on this forum and others saying that to fix this problem from internet explorer: Setup, internet options, yadayada, magical fairies, and you are solved, but my browser is google chrome! How am I supposed to do this from there! I do not know how to re-setup my Dlink router, which is the cause of the problem! HOW? In those posts with the magical fairies fixing it, HUNDREDS responded saying, "yep, those fairies definitely fixed it right. :)" These people were so satisfied. IT WORKED FOR THEM, WHY NOT ME. I look at it and go ":(" because it does not help me. There are no options for anything to do with this in GOOGLE chrome. PLEASE EXPLAIN and HELP. I see no "SETUP" option, no "Internet Options" button, no anything. BTW the exact posts are these: "Uncheck Advanced DNS in the router internet setup. This will take care of it. I had this problem with my DLink router before." "I had this issue with my DIR-655 and unchecking the Advanced DNS setting in Setup - Internet - Manual Internet Connection Setup fixed it." "If this is just internet explorer, you can go to Tools Internet Options or Internet Options in Control Panel. From here, go to the advanced tab and click the Reset button." "I would set the router's DNS to a site like OpenDNS, and I would ensure the machines are set to get their DNS settings via DHCP or set the machine's DNS setting to OpenDNS. If the router's DNS looks like it was messed with, some bad software know the default passwords for routers and could have changed it. If you don't already I would make sure the password to the router is not default or easy to guess. I've had spyware change a machine's DNS, but the fact it is happening on all machines makes me wonder if it is the router." "Something got into your router and changed the dns server most likely, do a hard reset of the router and then change the password to something strong. Also check for a firmware update for the router and apply it as soon as possible."

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• My server's been hacked EMERGENCY

  - by Grant unwin

  I'm on my way into work at 9.30 p.m. on a Sunday because our server has been compromised somehow and was resulting in a DOS attack on our provider. The servers access to the Internet has been shut down which means over 5-600 of our clients sites are now down. Now this could be an FTP hack, or some weakness in code somewhere. I'm not sure till I get there. How can I track this down quickly? We're in for a whole lot of litigation if I don't get the server back up ASAP. Any help is appreciated. UPDATE Thanks to everyone for your help. Luckily I WASN'T the only person responsible for this server, just the nearest. We managed to resolve this problem, although it may not apply to many others in a different situation. I'll detail what we did. We unplugged the server from the net. It was performing (attempting to perform) a Denial Of Service attack on another server in Indonesia, and the guilty party was also based there. We firstly tried to identify where on the server this was coming from, considering we have over 500 sites on the server, we expected to be moonlighting for some time. However, with SSH access still, we ran a command to find all files edited or created in the time the attacks started. Luckily, the offending file was created over the winter holidays which meant that not many other files were created on the server at that time. We were then able to identify the offending file which was inside the uploaded images folder within a ZenCart website. After a short cigarette break we concluded that, due to the files location, it must have been uploaded via a file upload facility that was inadequetly secured. After some googling, we found that there was a security vulnerability that allowed files to be uploaded, within the ZenCart admin panel, for a picture for a record company. (The section that it never really even used), posting this form just uploaded any file, it did not check the extension of the file, and didn't even check to see if the user was logged in. This meant that any files could be uploaded, including a PHP file for the attack. We secured the vulnerability with ZenCart on the infected site, and removed the offending files. The job was done, and I was home for 2 a.m. The Moral - Always apply security patches for ZenCart, or any other CMS system for that matter. As when security updates are released, the whole world is made aware of the vulnerability. - Always do backups, and backup your backups. - Employ or arrange for someone that will be there in times like these. To prevent anyone from relying on a panicy post on Server Fault. Happy servering!

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• iotop for Linux kernel 2.6.18

  - by Lightsauce

  So it has to come to my attention that iotop isn't availalbe for 2.6.18 since it's less than 2.6.20 and requires Python 2.6+. I've done some research and came across this article: http://lserinol.blogspot.com/2009/09/io-usage-per-process-on-linux.html According to this, if these process have io stats in /proc/pid#/io (where pid# is the process #) it's doable regardless of the kernel version. So, in reality, I could upgrade Python to 2.6 and test out iotop. However, my flavor of Linux, CentOS release 5.5 (Final), only supports Python 2.4.3-44.el5 currently. If I were to do uninstall from yum, it doesn't look so pretty. It ends up wanting to uninstall 235 packages, most of which are very important! I read in one place, online (I forget the URL from yesterday), that you can install Python 2.6+ parallel to this one, and have the rpm install for iotop use that. Well, I didn't choose that route. I figured, what the heck, lets write iotop (not copying it, but reverse engineering it without actually looking at it's code/it in use) in bash. I thought it would just grab the /proc/pid#/io file and parse stats. So I wrote a script to grab the top 10 rchar, wchar, read_bytes, and write_bytes by collecting all these stats from all the /proc/pid#/io files, sorting them by each metric, then grabbing the top 10 highest values. The conclusion, the data seems completely useless. Does anybody know any resources for advanced Linux where I can figure out how to take these /proc/pid#/ directories and figure out what the heck they are doing with io on the disk? My main goal is to figure out what exactly is causing high load on my disk. I just know it's on the / partition (/dev/sda2 in this case), and I'm not really sure how to narrow it down without the help of iotop. If I run iostat to grab metrics for 1 minute, every second, the first result it gives me shows a high 'kB_read/s', so that makes me think, it's reading mostly. However, if I watch the update it gives me every second, it's actually just showing values for kB_wrtn/s. This makes me think the initial value iostat gives me is misleading.

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• Strange monitor issue - screen goes black after a few seconds

  - by Scott Szretter

  My LCD monitor display is going black (turning off). It's a Samsung SYncMaster 2233 widescreen. I am trying to figure out if there is anything I can do about it, or if the monitor is junk. I have tried multiple computers, all have the same issue. I have tried a different vga cable, same issue. Power and video cables are tight / double checked. When I power on the monitor, the blue light turns on at the bottom. Then a second or two later the video comes up as expected and it looks fine. However, about 2-3 seconds after that, the screen goes black. The blue light is still on and solid at the bottom (blue light normally flashes when the monitor is sleeping). If I power cycle the monitor, same thing happens. With no computer connected or when I unplug the vga cable, I see the searching for signal message "digital", then the screen goes black. However it usually shows "digital" then "analog" after that and switches between the two a few times. The buttons on the side do not do anything, although they may be, I just can not see if they are or not. I can usually get the "digital" message by pressing the buttons on the side, but then it quickly goes black again. What is really strange is sometimes I can get it to work fine. I am not sure what the difference is. Last week I connected it up and it worked fine and it stayed fine for at least a week! I did not turn it off or anything, I just let the OS put the display to sleep. Then this week one morning I started having the screen going black issue again. Seems like something is either loose inside or beginning to fail. Do you think there is any hope for it? update: pushing the input select button causes the "digital" and "analog" messages to flash on the screen, but only for a few seconds then it goes black. When it was working properly, those messages would flash back and fourth for probably 10-20 seconds then a message would show saying check input signal, but now just a black screen.

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• MySQL won't start, reinstall fails on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Evils

  My problem started yesterday night when I tried to change the my.cnf config on my ubuntu 12.04 x64 System. I simply tried to changed the bind-address parameter from 127.0.0.1 to 0.0.0.0. A simple restart after a reboot gave this error: stop: Unknown instance: start: Job failed to start I tried to start mysql then by using 'mysqld' which outputs this: 130701 11:05:59 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist 130701 11:05:59 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: 5.5.31 started; log sequence number 1595675 130701 11:06:00 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3306 130701 11:06:00 [Note] - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1'; 130701 11:06:00 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'. 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock ? 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Aborting 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1595675 130701 11:06:00 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete Meanwhile I already tried to reinstall and purge the complete mysql package which results in another error which says that dpkg cant change the admins password. While this error appeared another error came with it. When trying to install something new with apt, it always says 'fopen: permission denied' right after it tries to update my man-db. This is my dmesg output: [ 6879.687998] type=1400 audit(1372669683.397:36): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=9336 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 6881.323215] init: mysql main process (9340) terminated with status 1 [ 6881.323316] init: mysql respawning too fast, stopped Any help will be appreciated as this is a productive server which renders useless without mysql.

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• IIS6 Log time recording problems

  - by Hafthor

  On three separate occasions on two separate servers at nearly the same times, 6.9 hours seemingly went by without any data being written to the IIS logs, but, on closer inspection, it appears that it was all recorded all at once. Here's the facts as I know them: Windows Server 2003 R2 w/ IIS6 Logging using GMT, server local time GMT-7. Application was still operating and I have SQL data to prove that Time gaps appear in log file, not across two # headers appear at gap Load balancer pings every 30 seconds No caching Here's info on a particular case: an entry appears for 2009-09-21 18:09:27 then #headers the next entry is for 2009-09-22 01:21:54, and so are the next 1600 entries in this log file and 370 in the next log file. about half of the ~2000 entries on 2009-09-22 01:21:54 are load balancer pings (est. at 2/min for 6.9hrs = 828 pings) then entries are recorded as normal. I believe that these events may coincide with me deploying an ASP.NET application update into those machines. Here's some relevant content from the logs in question: ex090921.log line 3684 2009-09-21 17:54:40 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 0 2009-09-21 17:55:11 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 0 2009-09-21 17:55:42 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 0 2009-09-21 17:56:13 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 0 2009-09-21 17:56:45 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 0 #Software: Microsoft Internet Information Services 6.0 #Version: 1.0 #Date: 2009-09-21 18:04:37 #Fields: date time cs-method cs-uri-stem cs-uri-query s-port sc-status sc-substatus sc-win32-status sc-bytes cs-bytes time-taken 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 3078 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 404 0 0 3733 122 109 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 278 122 3828 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 278 122 0 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 278 122 0 ... continues until line 5449 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 277 122 0 <eof> ex090922.log #Software: Microsoft Internet Information Services 6.0 #Version: 1.0 #Date: 2009-09-22 00:00:16 #Fields: date time cs-method cs-uri-stem cs-uri-query s-port sc-status sc-substatus sc-win32-status sc-bytes cs-bytes time-taken 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 277 122 0 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 277 122 0 ... continues until line 367 2009-09-22 01:04:06 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 277 122 0 2009-09-22 01:04:30 GET /ping.aspx - 80 200 0 0 277 122 0 ... back to normal behavior Note the seemingly correct date/time written to the #header of the new log file. Also note that /ping.aspx returned 404 then switched to 200 just as the problem started. I rename the "I'm alive page" so the load balancer stops sending requests to the server while I'm working on it. What you see here is me renaming it back so the load balancer will use the server. So, this problem definitely coincides with me re-enabling the server. Any ideas?

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• Windows 2003 Server Caching

  - by pablomedok

  We're experiencing almost everyday table index corruption on Windows Server 2003. We are running an old application which uses DBF/CDX tables. Everything was fine for ages, but 6 months after we've installed Advantage Database Server (which allows access to some tables to our website) we started to get index corruption problems. And we don't know whom to blame. We've tried to exclude all possible causes of this corruption. Now all users work in terminal mode - so no network problems can cause that, OpLocks also can't be a reason. We changed hardware, network cards, switches, reainstalled Server and even moved to new dedicated server. The only thing we can't exclude is ADS - because it should be working. Is that possible that local read/write caching that causes that problem? E.g. one user or process uses cached data, later another user/process changes it, and later the first user changes it again without knowing about the first change. Is it possible theoretically? Is it possible that this problem is caused by imporper file server or caching settings? Is it possible that normal users use non-cached data and ADS is using cached data? Or vice versa? Is it possible that each terminal user has its own cache? Or maybe the problem is about RAID caching somehow interfering with Windows Server caching? Or maybe there are some special settings for Windows Server for working with DBF tables that are being written simultaneously by several terminal users? Maybe there is a way to turn off caching for some certain files to check it? Sometimes we get index crash twice a day, sometimes everything is fine for 5 days in a row. Today only one user was working in the evening with the database (usually there are 30-50 users are working simultaneously on working hours). So it's almost zero load on server. , Syncronization with website is performed every 5 minutes during work hours and every 15 minutes in the evening and on weekend. We've done file access auditing and it shows that during website syncroniztions ADS server opens the table and index files for ReadEA and WriteEA though it performs only SELECT queries. ADS does UPDATE/INSERT queries but less freqently - not during regular synchronizations, but only when an order is placed by website visitor). Please help me. We are struggling with this problem for almost a year and still can't find any pattern or any clue about this problem. Here is my previous qestion about this issue on DBA: http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/8646/foxpro-dbf-index-corruption

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• Windows 7 reboot and freezing, possible power problems?

  - by mikelbring

  My Gateway LX Series desktop is about 6-8 months old. When I bought it, it had Windows Vista. I then put the RC version of Windows 7 on it. About 3 months after I bought it, it would randomly start to reboot, actually just shut off. I monitored the temperature levels and they seemed normal. So I installed a fresh Windows 7 Ultimate OEM 64bit. It actually got worse and would reboot more frequently. I then contacted Gateway and they said my machine was built for Windows Vista (made me chuckle), and told me to update my BIOS. So I did, and it was fixed for a good couple months. Recently, it started to do it again. Now I noticed early on it was doing it most often, if not every time when I was either watching a flash video or playing a flash game. So I decided to download the drivers again and I also downloaded my motherboard drivers. Seemed to be okay. A week later it started doing it again. And now it's doing it even more frequently. Sometimes I would turn it on, login into Windows and *BAM!* it would shut off. Now I am at the point where I can hardly get it to turn on. It would freeze at the point where it says "Starting Windows", with the Windows logo. Sometimes it would say "Checking disk for consistency" or whatever and freeze there (not shut off, just freeze). I even got the prompt to launch startup repair. But that also freezes when it says starting Windows. It does not really freeze, just never loads up. I am kind of lost as to what's going on. I have a few ideas but nothing I want to pursue (graphics card? hard drive?). Another thing I did try was to boot into a live disk of Ubuntu and try to launch every program I could and get on the internet but I never got it to reboot. So it sounds like to me it's a Windows thing, but I have no idea. I am just stuck and would like to see if any one has any ideas or could lead me in the right direction.

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• Resetting root password on Fedora Core 3 - serial cable access only

  - by Sensible Eddie

  A little background: We have an old rackmount server running a customised version of Fedora, manufactured by a company called Navaho. The server is a TeamCAT, running some proprietary rubbish called Freedom2. We have to keep it going - the alternative is extraordinarily expensive, and the business is not likely to be running much longer to justify changing things. Through one means or another, it has fallen upon me to try and resolve our lack of root access. The previous admin has fallen under the proverbial bus, and nobody has any clue. We have no access to the root account for this server. ssh is running on the server, and there is one account admin that we can login with, however it has no permission to do anything (ironic...) The only other way into the server is with a null-modem serial cable. This works... up to a point. I can see the BIOS, I can see the post BIOS screen, and then I see "Starting grub", followed by another screen with about four lines of Linux information, but then it stops at that point. The server continues booting, and all services come online after around two minutes, but the serial terminal displays no more information. I understand it is possible to put Linux into "single user mode" to reset a root password, but I have no idea how to do this beyond trying to interrupt it at the grub stage listed above. When I have tried it just froze. It was almost like grub had appeared (since the server did not continue booting) but I couldn't see it on the serial terminal. Which made me think maybe the grub screen has some different serial settings? I don't know... it's the first time I've ever used serial for access! A friend of mine suggested trying to use a Fedora boot CD. We could boot from USB, so something along this approach is possible but again we still can only see what's going on with the serial terminal, so it might not be achievable. Does anyone have any suggestions for things I can try? I appreciate this is a bit of a long shot, but any assistance would be invaluable. *UPDATE 1 - 28/8/12 * - we will be making some attempts on this today and will post further details later!

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• Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender

  - by Alex

  When sending to [email protected] via PHP mail() function, I receive mails. When sending emails from external machines, I receive the following (e.g., sending from [email protected]. [mail.ru is Russian gmail]): This is the mail system at host fallback2.mail.ru. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to <postmaster> If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]>: lost connection with mail.mydomain.com[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] while receiving the initial server greeting Reporting-MTA: dns; fallback2.mail.ru X-mPOP-Fallback_MX-Queue-ID: D8C19F2411F1 X-mPOP-Fallback_MX-Sender: rfc822; [email protected] Arrival-Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2013 10:09:21 +0400 (MSK) Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Original-Recipient: rfc822;[email protected] Action: failed Status: 4.4.2 Diagnostic-Code: X-mPOP-Fallback_MX; lost connection with mail.tld.com[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] while receiving the initial server greeting Here is my postfix main.cf: command_directory = /usr/sbin daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix myhostname = mail.mydomain.com mydomain = mydomain.com myorigin = mydomain.com inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 in_flow_delay = 1s alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases mail_name = mydomain.com daemon debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix setgid_group = postdrop html_directory = no manpage_directory = /usr/share/man sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES bounce_queue_lifetime = 4h maximal_queue_lifetime = 4h delay_warning_time = 1h strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes show_user_unknown_table_name = no allow_percent_hack = no swap_bangpath = no smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_error_sleep_time = 20 smtpd_soft_error_limit = 1 smtpd_hard_error_limit = 3 smtpd_junk_command_limit = 2 mydestination = mydomain.com, localhost.localdomain, localhost smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_inet_interfaces smtpd_recipient_limit = 100 virtual_alias_domains = mydomain.com virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination Why emails from external server are not being delivered? Thank you! Update In a log, the following lines appear a lot of times Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: connect from fallback5.mail.ru[94.100.176.59] Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: warning: SASL: Connect to private/auth failed: Connection refused Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms It appears I have to configure SASL? I would understand if I would like to send emails from postfix, but why do I need it to receive emails?

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• Linux clock loses 10 minutes every week

  - by PaKempf

  One of my linux server's clock loses 10 minutes every now and then, nearly every week. I update the time so it stays correct, and although it doesn't really bother me, i'd like to fix it. I've been searching around a bit. Nothing can be responsible in the crontab, and i can't find any related message in the logs. Some people seem to use ntp to fix that kind of issue, but i'd prefer not to use an unecessary component on it. Uname result : Linux unis-monitor 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Mon Feb 25 01:04:36 UTC 2013 i686 GNU/Linux Cat message : cat messages Jul 14 06:25:06 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Cat syslog cat syslog Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15272]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15465]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15521]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 07:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15662]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15855]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15911]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 08:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16052]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 09:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16273]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) So if you have any clue of where to look or what i could use to monitor those date change ? Here is some more infos : the server is a virtual server hosted on HyperV on a win 2012 server. Don't know if it changes anything, seen the other servers hosted don't have this issue...

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• What else can I do to secure my Linux server?

  - by eric01

  I want to put a web application on my Linux server: I will first explain to you what the web app will do and then I will tell you what I did so far to secure my brand new Linux system. The app will be a classified ads website (like gumtree.co.uk) where users can sell their items, upload images, send to and receive emails from the admin. It will use SSL for some pages. I will need SSH. So far, what I did to secure my stock Ubuntu (latest version) is the following: NOTE: I probably did some things that will prevent the application from doing all its tasks, so please let me know of that. My machine's sole purpose will be hosting the website. (I put numbers as bullet points so you can refer to them more easily) 1) Firewall I installed Uncomplicated Firewall. Deny IN & OUT by default Rules: Allow IN & OUT: HTTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, SSH, UDP port 53 (DNS), UDP port 123 (SNTP), SSL, port 443 (the ones I didn't allow were FTP, NFS, Samba, VNC, CUPS) When I install MySQL & Apache, I will open up Port 3306 IN & OUT. 2) Secure the partition in /etc/fstab, I added the following line at the end: tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,rw 0 0 Then in console: mount -o remount /dev/shm 3) Secure the kernel In the file /etc/sysctl.conf, there are a few different filters to uncomment. I didn't know which one was relevant to web app hosting. Which one should I activate? They are the following: A) Turn on Source Address Verification in all interfaces to prevent spoofing attacks B) Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 C) Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 D) Do no accept ICMP redirects (we are not a router) E) Accept ICMP redirects only for gateways listed in our default gateway list F) Do not send ICMP redirects G) Do not accept IP source route packets (we are not a router) H) Log Martian Packets 4) Configure the passwd file Replace "sh" by "false" for all accounts except user account and root. I also did it for the account called sshd. I am not sure whether it will prevent SSH connection (which I want to use) or if it's something else. 5) Configure the shadow file In the console: passwd -l to lock all accounts except user account. 6) Install rkhunter and chkrootkit 7) Install Bum Disabled those services: "High performance mail server", "unreadable (kerneloops)","unreadable (speech-dispatcher)","Restores DNS" (should this one stay on?) 8) Install Apparmor_profiles 9) Install clamav & freshclam (antivirus and update) What did I do wrong and what should I do more to secure this Linux machine? Thanks a lot in advance

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• Apache VirtualHost Blockhole (Eats All Requests on All Ports on an IP)

  - by Synetech inc.

  I’m exhausted. I just spent the last two hours chasing a goose that I have been after on-and-off for the past year. Here is the goal, put as succinctly as possible. Step 1: HOSTS File: 127.0.0.5 NastyAdServer.com 127.0.0.5 xssServer.com 127.0.0.5 SQLInjector.com 127.0.0.5 PornAds.com 127.0.0.5 OtherBadSites.com … Step 2: Apache httpd.conf <VirtualHost 127.0.0.5:80> ServerName adkiller DocumentRoot adkiller RewriteEngine On RewriteRule (\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg)$) /p.png [L] RewriteRule (.*) /ad.htm [L] </VirtualHost> So basically what happens is that the HOSTS file redirects designated domains to the localhost, but to a specific loopback IP address. Apache listens for any requests on this address and serves either a transparent pixel graphic, or else an empty HTML file. Thus, any page or graphic on any of the bad sites is replaced with nothing (in other words an ad/malware/porn/etc. blocker). This works great as is (and has been for me for years now). The problem is that these bad things are no longer limited to just HTTP traffic. For example: <script src="http://NastyAdServer.com:99"> or <iframe src="https://PornAds.com/ad.html"> or a Trojan using ftp://spammaster.com/[email protected];[email protected];[email protected] or an app “phoning home” with private info in a crafted ICMP packet by pinging CardStealer.ru:99 Handling HTTPS is a relatively minor bump. I can create a separate VirtualHost just like the one above, replacing port 80 with 443, and adding in SSL directives. This leaves the other ports to be dealt with. I tried using * for the port, but then I get overlap errors. I tried redirecting all request to the HTTPS server and visa-versa but neither worked; either the SSL requests wouldn’t redirect correctly or else the HTTP requests gave the You’re speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port… error. Further, I cannot figure out a way to test if other ports are being successfully redirected (I could try using a browser, but what about FTP, ICMP, etc.?) I realize that I could just use a port-blocker (eg ProtoWall, PeerBlock, etc.), but there’s two issues with that. First, I am blocking domains with this method, not IP addresses, so to use a port-blocker, I would have to get each and every domain’s IP, and update theme frequently. Second, using this method, I can have Apache keep logs of all the ad/malware/spam/etc. requests for future analysis (my current AdKiller logs are already 466MB right now). I appreciate any help in successfully setting up an Apache VirtualHost blackhole. Thanks.

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• What DNS server to use for dynamic load-balancing of website?

  - by Marki555

  I will have 2 servers in different datacenters (different countries) and I want to use DNS load-balancing mainly for High Availability of website hosted on those 2 servers. It is just ad tracking site, which records hit in local database and returns few lines on html code. I want to return 2 A records each time because of DNS pinning in browsers (if one server fails, browser will try second A record which it has already cached). Both servers will be acting also as DNS servers for redundancy. Now comes my proposed solution: I will use BIND and have both servers as a master for that zone. On each server there will be running script, which will periodically test availability (http) of both servers and remove IP from DNS in case of failure. Now the questions :) 1) Is BIND suitable for this solution? I think BIND performance is good and it is easy to manipulate the zone file via script. And as I will modify the zone only in case of failure/maintenance, the modifications (and thus bind reload) won't be often. 2) I plan to use TTL of 5 minutes. The website will have about 1000-3000 req/s but from distinct clients (each IP only 1-3 requests), so I think the DNS load won't be too much. I suppose their ISPs will cache the responses for those 5 mins. Is there any reason to lower the TTL even more? 3) Is my master-master approach good? Or should I make one of the servers master and the other one slave? Right now each server can monitor both itself and the other one. If only webservice fails, both DNS nodes will notice it. If the whole server fails, then the remaining DNS node will notice it and the failed node will not answer DNS queries anyway. 4) Is it a big issue when one NS server does not respond to queries? If yes, I can make a third DNS, so anytime at least 2 of them would accept queries... 5) Should I rewrite the zone file via script, or just use dynamic DNS update (for example via nsupdateutility)?

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• Reviews Cheyney Group Marketing: What accounting softwares are available in the market for small businesses?

  - by user225556

  Accounting is the language of business, and good accounting software can save you hundreds of hours at the business equivalent of Berlitz. There's no substitute for an accounting pro who knows the ins and outs of tax law, but today's desktop packages can help you with everything from routine bookkeeping to payroll, taxes, and planning. Each package also produces files that you can hand off to an accountant as needed. Small-business managers have more accounting software options than ever, including subscription Web-based options that don't require their users to install or update software. Many businesses, however--including those that need to track large inventories or client databases, and those that prefer not to entrust their data to the cloud--may be happier with a desktop tool. We looked at three general-purpose, small-business accounting packages: Acclivity AccountEdgePro 2012 (both the product and the company were previously called MYOB), Intuit QuickBooks Premier 2012, and Sage's Sage 50 Complete 2013 (the successor to Peachtree Complete). All three packages offer a solid array of tools for tracking income and expenses, invoicing, managing payroll, and creating reports. These full-featured and highly mature programs don't come cheap. Acclivity AccountEdge Pro, at $299, is the least expensive; and prices climb if you opt to use common time-saving add-ons such as payroll services, or if you add licenses for multiple user accounts. All three are solid on the basics, but they have distinct differences in style and focus. The more you know about your accounting requirements, the more closely you'll want to look at the software you're thinking of buying. Sage 50 Complete should appeal most to people who understand the fine points of accounting and can use the product's many customization features (especially for businesses that manage inventory). QuickBooks works hard to appeal to newbies who need only the basics and might be intimidated by the level of detail and technical language exposed in the other two packages. At the same time, it also has a slew of third-party add-ons that meet specific needs and greatly expand its capabilities. AccountEdge Pro balances accessibility with a strong feature set at an affordable price. It's especially suitable for businesses that need to provide simultaneous access to multiple users.

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• Concerning persistence size in the Linux Live Creator

  - by user63085

  Message : Hello everyone! I have ,for the last several months, used the Linux Live USB Creator which it is a very useful app to make portable OS on to flash drives. I mostly use this application to test and try out new OS's as they are released, before I decide to make a hard disk installatio on to the computer. In many cases, the application developers will allow the “persistence” feature in the flash-drive-installed OS, which is just another way of saying that after multiple boot-ups and shutdowns, all the changes made to the OS will be saved in the flash-drive. But I have a question about the limit of the Persistence size in Linux Live USB Creator (currently version 2.6). I install Super OS 10 on to a partition on my external drive which has 30 GB. I wanted to reserve 10 GB for the persistence so that I can install more applications and space will not run out as I update the installed applications or when I do system updates. But why is it that only 3950 MB can be put for persistence? It would be great if, when desired, as much more persistence space could be set aside so that the space will not run out soon. Also, as I have installed the OS on a 30 GB drive, I tried to see how much space is left. But it seems only the remaining of the Persistence space is displayed when I click on the File System folder. For example, after I have just installed it now, there is 3.5 GB of free space. Where can I access the remaining 26 GB or so drive space which is in the same drive? How do I access it Sir?? It would be helpful if any one could explain and help me with this. Most importantly, it would be a big relief if the persistence can be somehow expanded by a work-around so that I can continue using my SuperOS 10.04 (now heavily customized) OS, which unfortunately has just over 576 MB of space left now, after I removed OpenOffice.org and installed the Libre Office earlier today. This is what remains from the maximum allowable 3950 MB of space for persistence at set-up. Thanks in advance!

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• Display is slightly blurry on (native) 1920x1080 resolution

  - by Martin Tuskevicius

  I have a computer monitor that is approximately 23" in size. Its native resolution is 1920x1080, and Windows 7 will not allow it to be any higher. However, I cannot make the resolution a little lower as well. When I right-click on my desktop and select 'Screen resolution,' the vertical slider has only two options: 1920x1080 and 1280x720. There are no real problems that I am having besides the fact that the image is slightly blurry. I can easily make things out and see them, but I definitely feel that the image is not as clear as it could be. My graphics card is ATI Radeon HD 5450 and it has the latest graphics drivers installed. I've tried playing around with the AMD VISION Engine Control Center to see if I can change an option to make the image clearer, but I had no luck. I did find one odd thing, though. When I lowered the refresh rate from 60Hz to 50Hz, the image kind of "zoomed in" but it also became perfectly clear like I would expect it to look. The problem is that when I use 50Hz, the image zooms in a little on the center and I lose maybe an inch and a half of the screen (I do not see the bar at the top of applications, I do not see the Windows taskbar thing, etc). I figured if I could somehow zoom in so that the entire image fills the screen (not the slightly cropped version) then I would have the perfectly crisp image of 50Hz, and also the uncropped image of 60Hz. However, upon zooming in, the image began to look blurry again just like it did with 60Hz. So I am at a loss here. I do not know how to make the image look as clear as it should. I have the latest drivers (I updated them today) and I know that my monitor supports the resolution that I am trying to use. Has anybody experienced something like this before? I'd really appreciate any input - thanks! Update: I have figured out how to make the display look crisp! I set it to the 50Hz option, and then I changed the scaling through the monitor itself, rather than software. Now, however, I am finding that games look pretty bad because since it is clear, the lower quality really becomes apparent. I cannot run new games at 1080p, so I run them at the lowest resolution possible (1280x720, since it is the only other option offered, as I have mentioned). So I am wondering, is there a way to have Windows display more resolution options?

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• Achieving A 1600 x 900 Resolution For (Guest OS) Ubuntu Under (Host OS) Windows 7

  - by panamack

  I am running Ubuntu 11.10 as a guest OS using VirtualBox 4.1.16 installed on Windows 7 Ultimate. On my laptop I'd like to be able to run Ubuntu in full screen mode at 1600 x 900. I only have options within the virtual machine to select 4:3 display settings such as 1600 x 1200, 1440 x 1050 etc. I have guest additions installed. At the windows command prompt, I tried typing: VBoxManage setextradata "Virtual Ubuntu Coursera ESSAAS" "CustomVideoMode1" "1600x900x16" This didn't work, still no 1600 x 900 res available in Ubuntu. I tried this having read the following section of the VirtualBox help (this also says something about a 'video mode hint feature' not sure what this means): 9.7. Advanced display configuration 9.7.1. Custom VESA resolutions Apart from the standard VESA resolutions, the VirtualBox VESA BIOS allows you to add up to 16 custom video modes which will be reported to the guest operating system. When using Windows guests with the VirtualBox Guest Additions, a custom graphics driver will be used instead of the fallback VESA solution so this information does not apply. Additional video modes can be configured for each VM using the extra data facility. The extra data key is called CustomVideoMode with x being a number from 1 to 16. Please note that modes will be read from 1 until either the following number is not defined or 16 is reached. The following example adds a video mode that corresponds to the native display resolution of many notebook computers: VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "CustomVideoMode1" "1400x1050x16" The VESA mode IDs for custom video modes start at 0x160. In order to use the above defined custom video mode, the following command line has be supplied to Linux: vga = 0x200 | 0x160 vga = 864 For guest operating systems with VirtualBox Guest Additions, a custom video mode can be set using the video mode hint feature. UPDATE 02.06.12 I've just tried creating a new virtual machine using the same original disk image I had been given. This had Guest Additions v 4.1.6 installed and provided me with the 1600 x 900 full screen display I want. It's after I then install Guest Additions v 4.1.16 (the version included with my VirtualBox installation) that my only choices are 4:3 displays e.g. 1600 x 1200. Seems this is the cause.

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• Repair corrupt hard disk on Mac without install CD

  - by Sarah

  The hard disk of my late 2009 MacBook Pro appears to have become corrupted. I am traveling and do not have my install CD (and won't for several weeks, nor will I be anywhere near an Apple store). The hard disk is not the original, which failed in June 2011. It's some Hitachi replacement installed by IT. History: I was typing an email this afternoon, my computer suddenly started making soft clicking sounds and then froze. I was not moving around. I rebooted, which took a while. I heard more clicking sounds and the computer froze at least once again. It's now kind of working, with mdworker sucking up one CPU. There are no awkward hard drive sounds when I run Chrome or play music. However, when I launched Stickies, I found no trace of my saved Stickies. I ran a live disk verification from within Disk Utility, and it reported Problem: As reported, I don't have access to an installation disc and am nowhere near an area where I can get one for at least two weeks. I have the option of asking someone to go to some trouble and expense to get one for me, but I'm not sure it's worth it: I've read that I can use fsck from single-user mode to repair the disk. Should I just try this? Is it risky? I'm concerned that the clicky sound portends imminent (mechanical) hard drive failure, so it's not worth doing a silly repair. This hard disk is backed up, but I definitely won't be able to access the backup while traveling. I'd like to maximize the probability that I can keep using my computer (and all its current files) while traveling. Update I bit the bullet and ran fsck -fy from single-user mode. It only needed one pass (modification) to reach the "okay" stage. However, rebooting took nearly 5 min and involved several rounds of scratchy sounds and a few bad clicks. I'm now back to kind of using my computer (the same files are missing as before). When I ran live disk verification from Disk Utility this time, however, it reported that the volume appears to be OK. Am I right to infer from the scratchy sounds, however, that my hard drive is still rapidly on its way out? Is there anything else I can do to increase its functionality over the next few weeks?

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• Need help troubleshooting highly variable ping times

  - by Elliot.Bradshaw

  I'm at work using Citrix (think Remote Desktop) to connect to client sites. With my job I have to write a fair bit of code while I'm connected remotely via Citrix, so the latency of my internet connection is important. If I'm getting ping times above 250ms, then it becomes almost impossible to scroll, click or type with accuracy. Recently my Comcast business internet has been exhibiting highly variable ping times. If I ping google.com, I'll get pings that range from 9ms all the way up to 1300ms. The problem seems to be at its worst during the hours of 1PM to 4:30PM. Outside of those hours and the variance in pings settles down, mostly between 9ms and 50ms. The signal to noise ratio and upstream power are both fine on my modem--the values are here: http://pastebin.com/D4hWGPXf I ran a trace route from my computer to google.com (the results of which are here: http://pastebin.com/GcdjYvMh) and did another test ping to the IP of the first hop outside of our local network (73.98.44.1)--the variance in ping times existed in exactly the same manner as if I were pinging Google. Connecting directly to the cable modem by CAT5 makes no difference. Here is a screenshot demonstrating the variance of the ping times: http://postimage.org/image/haocdeauv/full/ -- as you can see it can get pretty bad. Three Comcast techs have been out (two of them were here when the problem wasn't happening) and they as well as the regional tier 2 Comcast support were unable to diagnose the problem. I now have a ticket open with tier 3 support, but have yet to hear back from them. Does anyone know what could cause these sorts of problems or have any idea from the traceroute above where it could be originating? The regional tier 2 guy tried to tell me that what I'm seeing is normal--are highly variable ping times like that ever acceptable? Anything I should ask Comcast to do or look at to get this problem fixed? Any tips/advice much appreciated! Edit: This is Comcast cable internet at a small start-up, we've ruled out congestion in our private LAN as a cause (i.e., no one's watching YouTube when the pings become variable). Update: Tier 3 Comcast support advised swapping out the modem, a tech came here today and did that--same problem persists.

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• My new hard drive doesn't have rights on my old one?

  - by Allan

  Until recently I had a 1 TB hard disk with Windows 7 on it, I have bought myself a SSD, removed the old harddisc and installed Windows 7 on my new one. After that I put back the old hard disk, and formatted it, now I could use that as backup and to keep files on. Nice, right? Well I was updating .Net framework through Windows update, when it stalled. I noticed some space was used on one of the drives on my secondary 'previously primary' hard disk. Apparently it was the .Net framework, trying to save some temporary files on my secondary disc, because it was the one with the most space. It was like it didn't get access. I cancled the installation and rebooted the computer. Now wanting to remove the temporary folder on my secondary harddisk. It told me. "You don't have access by SYSTEM", I don't understand, my user is administrator, its the only user there is and at the same time I can remove and delete any other folder on that drive. I'm gonna go a little pseudo here. But it feels as if the computer treats the old harddisk as protected from tampering by the new SSD. Also, I feel I should mention, they are both listed as primary, ... primary 0 and primary 1. Both using SATA cable. My old hard drive was partioned into 3 drives. 2 of them said the current owner was 'Administrator/myPCname' and the third one said the current owner was 'SYSTEM' I changed them all into the only one that I could pick from the list, which is my user since the 'Administrators/myPCname' wasn't exactly wrong.. could it be that they were somehow still attached to the old OS?.. the fact is I named my computer the exact same thing as it was called before installing a new windows.. so I can't really tell if its an old ownership or not. Also.. I'm currently logged in as 'myname' and I'm administrator.. now trying to delete the previously mentioned files.. it says 'you need access from 'myname' – and it can't delete.. That seems really messed up, I mean I'm logged in as the name it wants me to use. Is there maybe someway I could reset all the users on my computer? Or create some default? I don't know – I just want it to take a form I have always known, from a standard Windows point of view.

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• Reviews Cheyney Group Marketing: What accounting softwares are available in the market for small businesses?

  - by user224313

  Accounting is the language of business, and good accounting software can save you hundreds of hours at the business equivalent of Berlitz. There's no substitute for an accounting pro who knows the ins and outs of tax law, but today's desktop packages can help you with everything from routine bookkeeping to payroll, taxes, and planning. Each package also produces files that you can hand off to an accountant as needed. Small-business managers have more accounting software options than ever, including subscription Web-based options that don't require their users to install or update software. Many businesses, however--including those that need to track large inventories or client databases, and those that prefer not to entrust their data to the cloud--may be happier with a desktop tool. We looked at three general-purpose, small-business accounting packages: Acclivity AccountEdgePro 2012 (both the product and the company were previously called MYOB), Intuit QuickBooks Premier 2012, and Sage's Sage 50 Complete 2013 (the successor to Peachtree Complete). All three packages offer a solid array of tools for tracking income and expenses, invoicing, managing payroll, and creating reports. These full-featured and highly mature programs don't come cheap. Acclivity AccountEdge Pro, at $299, is the least expensive; and prices climb if you opt to use common time-saving add-ons such as payroll services, or if you add licenses for multiple user accounts. All three are solid on the basics, but they have distinct differences in style and focus. The more you know about your accounting requirements, the more closely you'll want to look at the software you're thinking of buying. Sage 50 Complete should appeal most to people who understand the fine points of accounting and can use the product's many customization features (especially for businesses that manage inventory). QuickBooks works hard to appeal to newbies who need only the basics and might be intimidated by the level of detail and technical language exposed in the other two packages. At the same time, it also has a slew of third-party add-ons that meet specific needs and greatly expand its capabilities. AccountEdge Pro balances accessibility with a strong feature set at an affordable price. It's especially suitable for businesses that need to provide simultaneous access to multiple users.

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• Recovering damaged external hard disk by installing internally

  - by nfarshchi

  I had a 1TB Western Digital (My book series) 3.5" USB3. One day, the SATA to USB3 converter board was damaged and has not worked since. I decided to open the cover and use the HDD as an internal HDD. When I attached the HDD to my PC and booted up in Windows, it asked me which type of ????? I want to use "MBR or GBR" (I dont remember the exact question) I chose MBR and Windows gave me a 1TB empty Hard drive. I tried to recover with recover my files and some other recovery programs but no success. Some one told me that you should choosed GBR instead of MBR . How can I do that now? Another guy told me that the SATA to USB3 converter board is coded to save data on HDD and you can not use them internally without losing data, and I should find another SATA to USB3 board (exact same). It is impossible to find because they are not produced any more. Please help me to find a solution to bring back my data. UPDATE I have 1TB WD "Mybook" USB 3. the board that convert sata to usb3 was damaged. so when the HDD was in the box computer did not recognize it. I opened the box and remove HDD to use it internal. after connecting to my PC windows showed me one massage that I had two choice MBR or GPT I choosed MBR one and windows gave me 1TB empty new volume. I tried many recovery software to recover my data but no success. I brought it to one expert recovery company and they told me the converter board (SATA to USB3) make some encryption on data and with out that board you cannot recover any thing. so I bought another empty WD box and put the HDD inside but even after that also there is no file. I tried to recover again in this state but no success. so I have some unanswered question. does this converted boards make any password or encryption? if yes how can I solve it? does using many recovery programs affected my data? any suggestion or solution for bring back my data? I had use recovery programs such as : recover my files , EaseUS data recovery, easy recovery, test disk, Ontrack easy recovery . Note: when I was using test disk it asked me to choose which partition table I want to use. as it was I choose NTFS, does this made any change on data?

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