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  • Static route in conflict with a default route

    - by Ossan Sokiv
    Hi guys, I have a default route configured. 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 I'd like to add a static route to pass traffic destined for 192.168.1.51 via a load balancer's redundant virtual interface at 192.168.1.2. ip route add 192.168.1.51 mask 255.255.255.255 via 192.168.1.2 When I try to add the static route I get this error. Error: either "to" is duplicate or "default" is garbage." It doesn't want to add the static route because it's in conflict with the default route. Is there a way around this? Regards Ossan

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  • Default route is matched instead specific route

    - by Supertino7
    www.domain.com community :action/* member/profile-(\d+)-(.+) member/profile-%d-%s 1 2 As you can see, I use a route with :action/* in to cover the homepages and the basics actions on index controller. domain.com/community/random_action = works good. domain.com/community/ doesn't work. The whole homepage is displayed. I checked, and the default route is matched. I tried assemble() on route "www-community-index" and it gives well www.domain.com/community I don't see from where comes the problem :(

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  • Can't remove route from routing table

    - by anon
    (I am on Windows Server 2003.) I see a couple of unusual entries in my routing table that I would like to remove: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric XXX.27.44.1 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20 XXX.27.255.255 255.255.255.255 XXX.27.44.1 XXX.27.44.1 20 All the "XXX"'s are the same octet. I would strongly prefer NOT to clear the routing table, since this is a production server. Here is what I've tried: route delete XXX.27.44.1 The route specified was not found. route delete XXX.27.44.1 mask 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 metric 20 The route specified was not found. route delete XXX.27.255.255 The route specified was not found. route delete XXX.27.255.255 mask 255.255.255.255 XXX.27.44.1 metric 20 The route specified was not found. I also tried adding the routes in hopes that I could delete them: route add XXX.27.44.1 mask 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 metric 20 The route addition failed: The parameter is incorrect. route add XXX.27.255.255 mask 255.255.255.255 XXX.27.44.1 metric 20 The route addition failed: The parameter is incorrect. Bonus question: What do these entries do, and how did they get there?

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 VPN default route issue when using the UI

    - by Pieter Pabst
    When setting up a VPN connection using the UI (System settings = Network) the VPN connection is used as the default route after connecting to it. How can I avoid this? That is without assigning manual addresses. I want the connection to use DHCP. It should use the eth* interfaces for my default route, like they are used before making the connection. The VPN route should only be used when connecting to addresses in the ppp0 adapters range. If possible using the UI only, not that I'm not used to editing config files... But the point of using Ubuntu for me was the "it just works" concept (which is true for 99% of the time, keep up the good work). I tried setting the "Method" combobox in the "Configure..." dialogue to "Automatic (VPN) addresses only". That doesn't make a difference. (Another thing I noticed; the UI shows my connection as a "Wireless connection" in the list control on the left. Don't know why... it has the right icon, but that's probably something for the bug tracker)

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  • bridge network using route

    - by wannabe
    I have been googeling and searching on how to do bridge my wifi connections to my internet connection using route. I have a ubuntu server 12.04 with a wifi and normal network card I also have a router that is connected to the internet on my ubuntu server i have eth0 connected to the router; IP 192.168.1.12 GW 192.168.1.1 DNS 212.54.40.25 this all works great I have set up my wlan0 as my accespoint, and DHCP to feed an IP to any device that connects to it. if i connect, for example, my android smartphone to my wlan0 acces point it will get the following IP 10.10.0.2 GW 10.10.0.1 DNS 212.54.40.25 How in earth can I bridge this connection and acces the internet from my android? I dont want to make use of BR0 bridge-utils but accomplish this using route. Many thanks in advance

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  • howto only tunnel specific hosts route through openvpn client on tomato

    - by kcome
    I am relatively newbie in networking world although I did coding and know some sysadmin background for a long time. and here I'm only one step from my destination. The whole picture is : at home I use one LinkSys E3000 as the gateway(don't know yet if this is it's name), wireless AP and no other routing/switching devices. It serves 1 PC and 1 Mac with LAN, 1 Mac Mini + 1 iPad + 2 smartphones with WIFI. My goal is use an openvpn client on the E3000 (with tomato firmware) and make my iPad and smartphone's all WiFi traffic through it, and other devices route remain the same non-openvpn route. So far I'm able to connect openvpn client on E3000 to an openvpn server, tunnel all my devices' all traffic through that openvpn connection. What's left is howto selectively route by source IP (at least in my guessing) to the tunnel while don't bother others. I had learned some 'iptables' and 'route' in past few days however without much luck, so here comes my question. Here are some info which will help you get the structure. ifconfig -a output, some useless lines striped, and in the web interface C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 is WAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 is LAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 is 2.4G wifi AP, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A is 5G wifi AP. root@router:/tmp/home/root# ifconfig -a br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:172.200.1.43 P-t-P:172.200.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1480 Metric:1 vlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 vlan2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 wl0.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 brctl show output root@router:/tmp/home/root# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.c0c1c01ae027 no vlan1 eth1 eth2 before openvpn route-up script root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 openvpn server push PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8,route 172.20.0.1,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 172.20.0.6 172.20.0.5' openvpn's stock route-up script Apr 24 14:52:06 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/ifconfig tun11 172.20.0.6 pointopoint 172.20.0.5 mtu 1500 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 72.14.177.29 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.200.0.1 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 172.20.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.20.0.5 route after openvpn root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.20.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun11 72.14.177.29 172.200.0.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.20.0.1 172.20.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun11 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 128.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 something I had noticed and tried: * on the web interface of openvpn client there is an option "Create NAT on tunnel", if i check this, there is the following script (probably executed after openvpn connection established) root@router:/tmp/home/root# cat /tmp/etc/openvpn/fw/client1-fw.sh #!/bin/sh iptables -I INPUT -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -I FORWARD -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE if i uncheck this option, the last line will not appear. Then I guess probably the my issue will be solved by iptables and NAT related commands, I just haven't got enough knowledge to figure them out. I tried run iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.6 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE manually after openvpn connected (192.168.1.6 is the ip address of my iPad), then my iPad get internet with openvpn tunnel, however all other devices can't reach internet. in case if needed, here is the iptables about NAT root@router:/tmp/home/root# iptables -t nat -L -n Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.0/24 WANPREROUTING all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 upnp all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 SNAT all -- 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 to:192.168.1.1 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain WANPREROUTING (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:192.168.1.1 Chain upnp (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5353 to:192.168.1.3:5353 Thanks in advance for helping and read this so much, I hope i made every info you need to give a help :)

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  • Route eth0 to internet traffic and eth1 to local traffic

    - by Romain Caire
    How can I route all my internet traffic on eth0 (everything except 192.168.1.0/24) and route my local traffic through eth1 (192.168.1.0)? Here is my attempt : # Flush ALL THE THINGS. ip route flush table main # Restore the main table. I flushed it because OpenVPN does weird things to it. ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 via 127.0.0.1 dev lo ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 164.67.195.1 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 ip route flush cache

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  • route view for new IPs?

    - by Clear.Cache
    The route view method is not working for me telnet route-views.routeviews.org (logged in with user "rviews") route-viewsshow ip bgp 173.244.44.0 | inc 10464 route-viewsshow ip bgp 173.244.44.0 % Network not in table route-views Am I doing something wrong?

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  • Webmin no route to host

    - by xloumbos
    Using Webmin ? Network Configuration, I added a new DNS address to the existing server (10.100.200.300). While I saved the new configuration, I lost access to webmin and ssh to this server. How can I retrieve access? I pinged 10.100.200.300 and its dead. When I tried to login with ssh it says: error no route to host. I usually log in to webmin the server IP address and port 10000 but now I cannot. Any help to go back to my previous state?

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  • Change the default route without affecting existing TCP connections

    - by Patrick Horn
    Let's say I have two public network addresses on my server: one NAT through an ISP (192.168.99.0/24), and a VPN through a different ISP (192.168.1.0/24), already configured with a per-host route to the VPN server through my ISP. Here is my initial routing table. I am currently routing through my ISP on subnet 192.168.99.0/24. $ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.99.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 55.66.77.88 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 Now, I want new TCP connections to switch to my 192.168.1.0/24 so I type the following: $ route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 dev tap0 When I do this, it causes some long-standing TCP connections to hang. Is there a way to I safely change the default interface for new connections, while allowing existing TCP connections to use the old route (i.e. do I need enable some sort of stateful routing table)? I am okay with a solution that only works with established TCP connections, and I don't care how hacky it is. For example, if there is a way to add temporary iptables rules for existing connections to force them over the old route. But there has to be some way to do this. EDIT: Just a note about a simple "route add -host ... " for existing connections: this solution would work if I am fine with leaving a subset of IPs on the old interface. However, in my application, this actually doesn't solve my problem because I want to allow new connections to come on the new interface even if they have the same source IP. I'm now looking at using the "ip route" command to set source-based routing rules.

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  • HP MSR 30-10a Router - Route Traffic over Default Route

    - by SteadH
    We have a brand new HP MSR 30-10a Router. We have a fairly simple routing situation - we have two IP blocks, one which has a route out. We need things on the first block to go through the router, and out. I have an old Cisco 2801 router doing the job right now. For our example - IP Block 1: 50.203.110.232/29, Router interface on this block is 50.203.110.237, route out is 50.203.110.233. IP Block 2: 50.202.219.1/27, Router interface on this block at 50.202.219.20. I have a static route created for: 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 50.203.110.233 The router seems to understand this. When on the CLI via serial cable, I can ping 8.8.8.8 and hear responses from Google DNS. Woo hoo! The issue arrives when any client sits on the IP Block 2 side. I configured my client with a static IP of 50.202.219.15/27, default gateway 50.202.219.20. I can ping myself. I can ping the near side of the router (50.202.219.20), and I can ping the far side of the router (50.203.110.237. I cannot ping anything else in IP block 1, nor can I ping 8.8.8.8. Here is my configuration file: <HP>display current-configuration # version 5.20.106, Release 2507, Standard # sysname HP # domain default enable system # dar p2p signature-file flash:/p2p_default.mtd # port-security enable # undo ip http enable # password-recovery enable # vlan 1 # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # user-group system group-attribute allow-guest # local-user admin password cipher $c$3$40gC1cxf/wIJNa1ufFPJsjKAof+QP5aV authorization-attribute level 3 service-type telnet # cwmp undo cwmp enable # interface Aux0 async mode flow link-protocol ppp # interface Cellular0/0 async mode protocol link-protocol ppp # interface Ethernet0/0 port link-mode route ip address 50.203.110.237 255.255.255.248 # interface Ethernet0/1 port link-mode route ip address 50.202.219.20 255.255.255.224 # interface NULL0 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 50.203.110.233 permanent # load xml-configuration # load tr069-configuration # user-interface tty 12 user-interface aux 0 user-interface vty 0 4 authentication-mode scheme # My guess right now is there is some sort of "permission" needed to use the default route. The manuals haven't turned up a lot in this area that don't make the situation much more complicated (but maybe it needs to be more complicated?) Background: we use HP switches, and I love the CLI. I bought HP thinking the command line interface would be similar, or at least speak the same language. Whoops! I'd be happy to provide more information or perform any additional tests. Thanks in advance! Update 1: The manual mentions routing rules. I hadn't previously added these (since our Cisco 2801 seems to route anything by default). I added: ip ip-prefix 1 permit 0.0.0.0 0 less-equal 32 alas, still no dice.

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  • iMac OSX "no route to host"

    - by jairo
    I have an issue with one of my computer on my network. It is an iMac running OS X 10.5.8. The issue is accessing certain websites. For instance, one of these websites is that the computer is unable to connect to is farmville.com. When I ping farmville.com it returns "no route to host": $ ping farmville.com PING farmville.com (50.16.253.102): 56 data bytes ping: sendto: No route to host ping: sendto: No route to host ping: sendto: No route to host When I traceroute farmville: $ traceroute farmville.com traceroute: Warning: farmville.com has multiple addresses; using 50.16.253.109 traceroute to farmville.com (50.16.253.109), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote farmville.com 40 chars, ret=-1 tracerouting the farmville ip address: 50.16.253.109 $ traceroute 50.16.253.109 traceroute to farmville.com (50.16.253.109), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote farmville.com 40 chars, ret=-1 Now the interesting part is that I on another computer (running Ubuntu 10.10) I have no issues at all accessing this website. Which tells me that it's not the internet connection. I've also disabled the firewall on the router to no avail. The /etc/hosts file in the mac is the following. The /private/etc/hosts file is empty: ## # Host Database # # localhost is used to configure the loopback interface # when the system is booting. Do not change this entry. ## 127.0.0.1 localhost #255.255.255.255 broadcasthost ::1 localhost fe80::1%lo0 localhost Any help is appreciated. Many thanks

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  • When would a persistent route not be an active route?

    - by alnorth29
    I've added a persistent route to our Windows Server 2003 box using "route -p add". After a reboot the "route print" gave this: Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.91.131.1 10.91.131.9 20 10.88.0.0 255.255.255.252 10.88.0.1 10.88.0.1 30 10.88.0.1 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 30 10.91.131.0 255.255.255.0 10.91.131.9 10.91.131.9 20 10.91.131.9 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.88.0.1 10.88.0.1 30 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.91.131.9 10.91.131.9 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.88.0.1 10.88.0.1 30 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.91.131.9 10.91.131.9 20 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.88.0.1 10.88.0.1 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.91.131.9 10.91.131.9 1 Default Gateway: 10.91.131.1 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 10.88.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.88.0.2 1 The route I added is listed as a persistent route, but not an active one. Why might this be the case? The route in question is for an OpenVPN connection, would that have anything to do with it?

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  • Route all wlan0 traffic over tun0

    - by Tuinslak
    I'm looking for a way to route all wlan0 traffic (tcp and udp) over tun0 (openvpn). However, all other traffic originating from the device itself should not be routed through tun0. I'm guessing this could be realized using iptables or route, but none of my options seem to work. # route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 172.27.0.1 dev wlan0 SIOCADDRT: No such process Info: This is because the VPN server is not redundant, and wlan users are not really important. However, all services running on the device are fairly important and having a VPN virtual machine with no SLA on it is just a bad idea. Trying to minimize the odds of something going wrong. So setting the VPN server as default gateway is not really an option. I also want all wlan0 user to use the VPN server's IP address as external IP. Edit with the script provided: root@ft-genesi-xxx ~ # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.27.0.17 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.13.37.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0 172.27.0.0 172.27.0.17 255.255.192.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 root@ft-genesi-xxx ~ # ./test.sh RTNETLINK answers: No such process root@ft-genesi-xxx ~ # cat test.sh #!/bin/sh IP=/sbin/ip # replace with the range of your wlan network, or use fwmark instead ${IP} rule add from 10.13.37.0/24 table from-wlan ${IP} route add default dev tun0 via 127.72.0.1 table from-wlan ${IP} route add 10.13.37.0/24 dev wlan0 table from-wlan

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  • What is the netmask equivalent on the verision of route for the Mac

    - by Wes Reing
    In order to create some special routes for debugging I used the following command on my linux server: sudo route add -net 10.78.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 10.101.1.1 which works, and sets up the routes I need. But when I run the same command on my Mac I get: route: bad address: netmask I'm guessing that the version of route that is included in OS X requires a different format but I'm at a loss to figure it out.

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  • Static route works on one computer, not the other

    - by Dan
    I have been struggling with this for a couple days now, maybe I just need some people with a fresh perspective to figure out what the issue is. Basically I have a bunch of computers that are being routed through a specific gateway in order to access a web page that is hosted internally on a separate subnet. I set up static routes on all of the computers, and they all work... except one. Here's what a route print -4 looks like for a working computer (Windows 7): =========================================================================== Interface List 14...xx xx xx xx xx xx ......Broadcom 802.11n Network Adapter 11...xx xx xx xx xx xx ......Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft 6to4 Adapter 17...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.xxx.xxx.230 10.xxx.xxx.94 20 10.zzz.zzz.0 255.255.255.0 10.xxx.xxx.147 10.xxx.xxx.94 21 10.xxx.xxx.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.94 276 10.xxx.xxx.94 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.94 276 10.xxx.xxx.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.94 276 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.94 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.94 276 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 10.zzz.zzz.0 255.255.255.0 10.xxx.xxx.147 1 =========================================================================== And here's a route print -4 from the station that doesn't work (also Windows 7): =========================================================================== Interface List 10...xx xx xx xx xx xx ......Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft 6to4 Adapter 14...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.xxx.xxx.230 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 10.zzz.zzz.0 255.255.255.0 10.xxx.xxx.147 10.xxx.xxx.132 21 10.xxx.xxx.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 10.xxx.xxx.132 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 10.xxx.xxx.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.xxx.xxx.132 276 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 10.zzz.zzz.0 255.255.255.0 10.xxx.xxx.147 1 =========================================================================== Both of these stations are running Windows 7. So essentially what I am trying to do here is route all traffic to the 10.zzz.zzz.0 subnet through the 10.xxx.xxx.147 gateway. Everything else should go through the 10.xxx.xxx.230 gateway. This is the intended behavior, and again it is working everywhere but that one station. I noticed that the Active Route metric costs differ between the two stations, but I am new to the routing table and I am not sure how that is impacting the behavior. I hope I have been able to explain the situation clearly. Any help would be much appreciated. I can provide any additional information if needed!

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  • Combinations into pairs

    - by Will
    I'm working on a directed network problem and trying to compute all valid paths between two points. I need a way to look at paths up to 30 "trips" (represented by an [origin, destination] pair) in length. The full route is then composed of a series of these pairs: route = [[start, city2], [city2, city3], [city3, city4], [city4, city5], [city5, city6], [city6, city7], [city7, city8], [city8, stop]] So far my best solution is as follows: def numRoutes(graph, start, stop, minStops, maxStops): routes = [] route = [[start, stop]] if distance(graph, route) != "NO SUCH ROUTE" and len(route) >= minStops and len(route) <= maxStops: routes.append(route) if maxStops >= 2: for city2 in routesFromCity(graph, start): route = [[start, city2],[city2, stop]] if distance(graph, route) != "NO SUCH ROUTE" and len(route) >= minStops and len(route) <= maxStops: routes.append(route) if maxStops >= 3: for city2 in routesFromCity(graph, start): for city3 in routesFromCity(graph, city2): route = [[start, city2], [city2, city3], [city3, stop]] if distance(graph, route) != "NO SUCH ROUTE" and len(route) >= minStops and len(route) <= maxStops: routes.append(route) if maxStops >= 4: for city2 in routesFromCity(graph, start): for city3 in routesFromCity(graph, city2): for city4 in routesFromCity(graph, city3): route = [[start, city2], [city2, city3], [city3, city4], [city4, stop]] if distance(graph, route) != "NO SUCH ROUTE" and len(route) >= minStops and len(route) <= maxStops: routes.append(route) if maxStops >= 5: for city2 in routesFromCity(graph, start): for city3 in routesFromCity(graph, city2): for city4 in routesFromCity(graph, city3): for city5 in routesFromCity(graph, city4): route = [[start, city2], [city2, city3], [city3, city4], [city4, city5], [city5, stop]] if distance(graph, route) != "NO SUCH ROUTE" and len(route) >= minStops and len(route) <= maxStops: routes.append(route) return routes Where numRoutes is fed my network graph where numbers represent distances: [[0, 5, 0, 5, 7], [0, 0, 4, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 8, 2], [0, 0, 8, 0, 6], [0, 3, 0, 0, 0]] a start city, an end city and the parameters for the length of the routes. distance checks if a route is viable and routesFromCity returns the attached nodes to each fed in city. I have a feeling there's a far more efficient way to generate all of the routes especially as I move toward many more steps, but I can't seem to get anything else to work.

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  • Route specific HTTP requests through pfSense OpenVPN

    - by DennisQ
    Hi, to start, I have very little knowledge on routes, iptables, etc. That said, here's what I'm trying to accomplish and where I think I'm stumped: Problem: We have an external website which we recently firewalled so it only accepts traffic from our office IP addresses. This works well at the office, but doesn't work for remote access through VPN as we don't route all traffic through OpenVPN. I would rather avoid forcing everyone to route all traffic through just to accommodate this one site. Environment: Main router box is running pfSense. Em0 is internal IP, Em1 is external. Internal net is 10.23.x and VPN is 10.0.8.0/24 I believe what I need to do is add a route to the VPN server config to send all traffic to that IP over the VPN tunnel. I think that part's working, but I don't get a response back, so I'm assuming that I need some NAT config on the VPN server to route the response back over the tunnel? What I've found so far is to try the following, but since this is a pfSense box on FreeBSD, I can't run iptables, etc. Make sure ip forwarding is enabled: echo 1 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Setup NAT back out: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.8.0/24 -o em0 -j MASQUERADE Am I on the right path, and if so how do I accomplish this through pfSense UI or FreeBSD CLI? Thanks!

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  • Asp.net MVC Route class that supports catch-all parameter anywhere in the URL

    - by Robert Koritnik
    the more I think about it the more I believe it's possible to write a custom route that would consume these URL definitions: {var1}/{var2}/{var3} Const/{var1}/{var2} Const1/{var1}/Const2/{var2} {var1}/{var2}/Const as well as having at most one greedy parameter on any position within any of the upper URLs like {*var1}/{var2}/{var3} {var1}/{*var2}/{var3} {var1}/{var2}/{*var3} There is one important constraint. Routes with greedy segment can't have any optional parts. All of them are mandatory. Example This is an exemplary request http://localhost/Show/Topic/SubTopic/SubSubTopic/123/This-is-an-example This is URL route definition {action}/{*topicTree}/{id}/{title} Algorithm Parsing request route inside GetRouteData() should work like this: Split request into segments: Show Topic SubTopic SubSubTopic 123 This-is-an-example Process route URL definition starting from the left and assigning single segment values to parameters (or matching request segment values to static route constant segments). When route segment is defined as greedy, reverse parsing and go to the last segment. Parse route segments one by one backwards (assigning them request values) until you get to the greedy catch-all one again. When you reach the greedy one again, join all remaining request segments (in original order) and assign them to the greedy catch-all route parameter. Questions As far as I can think of this, it could work. But I would like to know: Has anyone already written this so I don't have to (because there are other aspects to parsing as well that I didn't mention (constraints, defaults etc.) Do you see any flaws in this algorithm, because I'm going to have to write it myself if noone has done it so far. I haven't thought about GetVirtuaPath() method at all.

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  • Linux route add between static LAN and Wifi Gateway

    - by Hamza
    I have two local machines connected to each other via wired ethernet and one of those machines is also connected to a wifi network which provides internet access. A pseudo-graphical representation of the topology is as follows: (PC2)----------(PC1)---------(Wifi Gateway) 192.168.2.x 10.0.0.x The configuration on PC2 is: iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.2.2 network 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.2.1 ...and the configuration on PC1 is: iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.2.1 network 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.2.1 On PC1, I've added a default route for wlan0 as I couldn't access the internet otherwise: route add default gw 10.0.0.1 wlan0 And also tried setting the gateway for the 192.168.2.x network using: route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.0.0.1 But I still can't access internet from PC2. Edit I don't have access to the wifi gateway.

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  • BSD route(8) MAN page bug

    - by Farseeker
    http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route Route is a utility used to manually manipulate the network routing tables. It normally is not needed, as a system routing table management daemon such as routed(8), should tend to this task. ... BUGS The first paragraph may have slightly exaggerated routed(8)'s abilities. Is this really a "bug", or some developer's attempt at humour?

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  • Split horizon, route filtering, and having RIPv2 announce a non-attached route to host

    - by Paul
    Routers A, B & C live at 10.1.1.1, 10.1.1.2 and 10.1.1.3 on a /24 metro Ethernet subnet. Each router also has its own private subnet on another interface. Router B's private subnet links thru a firewall to a 10.20.20.0 network at another organization. Router B redistributes to A and C several static routes for hosts on 10.20.20.0. However, a new host 10.20.20.5/32 must be reached via a different path that goes through router C. I know that C can advertise this host-based route with no problem, but I'd like to keep all my 10.20.20.x static routes in one place. So, how can B tell A via RIPv2 to send packets for 10.20.20.5/32 to C? So far it looks like I need no ip split-horizon on router B's 10.1.1.2 interface, perhaps because B has already learned from C other routes with a next hop of 10.1.1.3. But how does RIPv2 split horizon with no auto-summary and network 10.0.0.0 really work? If B learns a route to ANY 10.x.x.x network or host from A or C, is that enough for split horizon to keep it from redistributing ip route 10.20.20.5 255.255.255.255 10.1.1.3? And if I want to suspend split horizon only for this one new host, how do I filter out the mess of regurgitated routes that B advertises when I try no ip split-horizon? Thanks much.

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  • Easier ASP.NET MVC Routing

    - by Steve Wilkes
    I've recently refactored the way Routes are declared in an ASP.NET MVC application I'm working on, and I wanted to share part of the system I came up with; a really easy way to declare and keep track of ASP.NET MVC Routes, which then allows you to find the name of the Route which has been selected for the current request. Traditional MVC Route Declaration Traditionally, ASP.NET MVC Routes are added to the application's RouteCollection using overloads of the RouteCollection.MapRoute() method; for example, this is the standard way the default Route which matches /controller/action URLs is created: routes.MapRoute(     "Default",     "{controller}/{action}/{id}",     new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }); The first argument declares that this Route is to be named 'Default', the second specifies the Route's URL pattern, and the third contains the URL pattern segments' default values. To then write a link to a URL which matches the default Route in a View, you can use the HtmlHelper.RouteLink() method, like this: @ this.Html.RouteLink("Default", new { controller = "Orders", action = "Index" }) ...that substitutes 'Orders' into the {controller} segment of the default Route's URL pattern, and 'Index' into the {action} segment. The {Id} segment was declared optional and isn't specified here. That's about the most basic thing you can do with MVC routing, and I already have reservations: I've duplicated the magic string "Default" between the Route declaration and the use of RouteLink(). This isn't likely to cause a problem for the default Route, but once you get to dozens of Routes the duplication is a pain. There's no easy way to get from the RouteLink() method call to the declaration of the Route itself, so getting the names of the Route's URL parameters correct requires some effort. The call to MapRoute() is quite verbose; with dozens of Routes this gets pretty ugly. If at some point during a request I want to find out the name of the Route has been matched.... and I can't. To get around these issues, I wanted to achieve the following: Make declaring a Route very easy, using as little code as possible. Introduce a direct link between where a Route is declared, where the Route is defined and where the Route's name is used, so I can use Visual Studio's Go To Definition to get from a call to RouteLink() to the declaration of the Route I'm using, making it easier to make sure I use the correct URL parameters. Create a way to access the currently-selected Route's name during the execution of a request. My first step was to come up with a quick and easy syntax for declaring Routes. 1 . An Easy Route Declaration Syntax I figured the easiest way of declaring a route was to put all the information in a single string with a special syntax. For example, the default MVC route would be declared like this: "{controller:Home}/{action:Index}/{Id}*" This contains the same information as the regular way of defining a Route, but is far more compact: The default values for each URL segment are specified in a colon-separated section after the segment name The {Id} segment is declared as optional simply by placing a * after it That's the default route - a pretty simple example - so how about this? routes.MapRoute(     "CustomerOrderList",     "Orders/{customerRef}/{pageNo}",     new { controller = "Orders", action = "List", pageNo = UrlParameter.Optional },     new { customerRef = "^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$", pageNo = "^[0-9]+$" }); This maps to the List action on the Orders controller URLs which: Start with the string Orders/ Then have a {customerRef} set of characters and numbers Then optionally a numeric {pageNo}. And again, it’s quite verbose. Here's my alternative: "Orders/{customerRef:^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$}/{pageNo:^[0-9]+$}*->Orders/List" Quite a bit more brief, and again, containing the same information as the regular way of declaring Routes: Regular expression constraints are declared after the colon separator, the same as default values The target controller and action are specified after the -> The {pageNo} is defined as optional by placing a * after it With an appropriate parser that gave me a nice, compact and clear way to declare routes. Next I wanted to have a single place where Routes were declared and accessed. 2. A Central Place to Declare and Access Routes I wanted all my Routes declared in one, dedicated place, which I would also use for Route names when calling RouteLink(). With this in mind I made a single class named Routes with a series of public, constant fields, each one relating to a particular Route. With this done, I figured a good place to actually declare each Route was in an attribute on the field defining the Route’s name; the attribute would parse the Route definition string and make the resulting Route object available as a property. I then made the Routes class examine its own fields during its static setup, and cache all the attribute-created Route objects in an internal Dictionary. Finally I made Routes use that cache to register the Routes when requested, and to access them later when required. So the Routes class declares its named Routes like this: public static class Routes{     [RouteDefinition("Orders/{customerName}->Orders/Index")]     public const string OrdersCustomerIndex = "OrdersCustomerIndex";     [RouteDefinition("Orders/{customerName}/{orderId:^([0-9]+)$}->Orders/Details")]     public const string OrdersDetails = "OrdersDetails";     [RouteDefinition("{controller:Home}*/{action:Index}*")]     public const string Default = "Default"; } ...which are then used like this: @ this.Html.RouteLink(Routes.Default, new { controller = "Orders", action = "Index" }) Now that using Go To Definition on the Routes.Default constant takes me to where the Route is actually defined, it's nice and easy to quickly check on the parameter names when using RouteLink(). Finally, I wanted to be able to access the name of the current Route during a request. 3. Recovering the Route Name The RouteDefinitionAttribute creates a NamedRoute class; a simple derivative of Route, but with a Name property. When the Routes class examines its fields and caches all the defined Routes, it has access to the name of the Route through the name of the field against which it is defined. It was therefore a pretty easy matter to have Routes give NamedRoute its name when it creates its cache of Routes. This means that the Route which is found in RequestContext.RouteData.Route is now a NamedRoute, and I can recover the Route's name during a request. For visibility, I made NamedRoute.ToString() return the Route name and URL pattern, like this: The screenshot is from an example project I’ve made on bitbucket; it contains all the named route classes and an MVC 3 application which demonstrates their use. I’ve found this way of defining and using Routes much tidier than the default MVC system, and you find it useful too

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  • Can't route specific subnet thru VPN in ubuntu

    - by Disco
    I'm having issues routing traffic thru VPN. Here's my setup I have 3 hosts, let's call them A, B and Z B and Z have a VPN connection in the 10.10.10.x SUBNET A and B have a direct connection in the 10.10.12.x SUBNET I want to be able to route traffic from A to Z, like : A <= 10.10.12.254 [LAN] 10.10.12.111 => B <= 10.10.10.152 [VPN] 10.10.10.10 => Z On host B, i have set up ip_forwarding : net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 and routing on host B: [root@hostA: ~]# ip route 10.10.10.10 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.10.152 10.10.12.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.12.111 10.10.10.0/24 dev ppp0 scope link 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link routing on host A: [root@hostA: ~]# ip route 10.10.10.0 via 10.10.12.111 dev eth1 10.10.12.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.12.254 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 But still not able to ping 10.10.10.10 from host A. Any idea ? I'm pulling my hairs out.

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  • Cisco ASA 5505 site to site IPSEC VPN won't route from multiple LANs

    - by franklundy
    Hi I've set up a standard site to site VPN between 2 ASA 5505s (using the wizard in ASDM) and have the VPN working fine for traffic between Site A and Site B on the directly connected LANs. But this VPN is actually to be used for data originating on LAN subnets that are one hop away from the directly connected LANs. So actually there is another router connected to each ASA (LAN side) that then route to two completely different LAN ranges, where the clients and servers reside. At the moment, any traffic that gets to the ASA that has not originated from the directly connected LAN gets sent straight to the default gateway, and not through the VPN. I've tried adding the additional subnets to the "Protected Networks" on the VPN, but that has no effect. I have also tried adding a static route to each ASA trying to point the traffic to the other side, but again this hasn't worked. Here is the config for one of the sites. This works for traffic to/from the 192.168.144.x subnets perfectly. What I need is to be able to route traffic from 10.1.0.0/24 to 10.2.0.0/24 for example. ASA Version 8.0(3) ! hostname Site1 enable password ** encrypted names name 192.168.144.4 Site2 ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.144.2 255.255.255.252 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 10.78.254.70 255.255.255.252 (this is a private WAN circuit) ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! passwd ** encrypted ftp mode passive access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip any any access-list outside_access_in extended permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list outside_1_cryptomap extended permit ip 192.168.144.0 255.255.255.252 Site2 255.255.255.252 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip 192.168.144.0 255.255.255.252 Site2 255.255.255.252 pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-603.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 access-group inside_access_in in interface inside access-group outside_access_in in interface outside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.78.254.69 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL http server enable http 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto map outside_map 1 match address outside_1_cryptomap crypto map outside_map 1 set pfs crypto map outside_map 1 set peer 10.78.254.66 crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 no crypto isakmp nat-traversal telnet timeout 5 ssh 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 management-access inside threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics port threat-detection statistics protocol threat-detection statistics access-list group-policy DfltGrpPolicy attributes vpn-idle-timeout none username enadmin password * encrypted privilege 15 tunnel-group 10.78.254.66 type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group 10.78.254.66 ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * ! ! prompt hostname context

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