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Articles indexed Sunday November 27 2011

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• CentOS listen to everything on the wire

  - by Poni

  I know there's a native command on linux that will output (to stdout) every "event" related to a certain network interface (be it eth0 etc'). Like there's tail -f <file> to listen on file changes.. I just can't find it. I want to see all events, incoming packets, even dropped ones. At lowest level possible. In every protocol (TCP, UDP etc'). I think WireShark is a bit too big for this as I need something very simple just to see the events, it's for testing. What's the command?

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• Can't ping host from vmware guest using bridged networking

  - by user199421

  Host is Windows 7 Guest is Ubuntu 11.04 Network adapter is wireless I can ping other computers on the network but not the host. No firewall are involved. Sniffing the traffic with wireshark it looks like both the host and the guest are using the same MAC address. My guest simply doesn't receive a reply when asking for 192.168.1.101 (the host) My router has no problem giving both of them different IP addresses but maybe duplicate MAC address is the problem? It seems logical that both will have the same MAC address (from the host point of view) but it strange that there is no work around for this because otherwise I don't see how the host and guess are supposed to communicate.

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• Manage Upload Permissions, SFTP & Linux

  - by John R

  I'm new to Linux. I am working with a Redhat 5.5 server and am using a Java-based SFTP script that will allow multiple users to upload text files to a server. I am undecided if each user will have a separate directory or if I will use a naming convention that includes their customer ID. The files include some personal information about their LAN settings, so I prefer to use SFTP as apposed to FTP. It is my understanding that SFTP is encrypted (Also, I have a Java class configured to upload via SFTP, so I prefer not to switch protocols unless their is a very-good reason). The prototype is for a system that will support large numbers of customers and the thought of continually adding and removing clients through the command line seems highly impractical. (Again, I am new_to/learning Linux and Redhat). What are normal conventions for giving multiple users permission to SFTP upload files with a unique username and password for each.

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• Windows Terminal Server: occasional memory violation for applications

  - by syneticon-dj

  On a virtualized (ESXi 4.1) Windows Server 2008 SP2 32-bit machine which is used as a terminal server, I occasionally (approximately 1-3 event log entries a day) see applications fail with an 0xc0000005 error - apparently a memory access violation. The problem seems quite random and only badly reproducable - applications may run for hours, fail with 0xc0000005 and restart quite fine or just throw the access violation at startup and start flawlessly at the second attempt. The names of executables, modules and offset addresses vary, although a single executable tends to fail with same modules and the same memory offset addresses (like "OUTLOOK.EXE" repeatedly failing on module "olmapi32.dll" with the offset "0x00044b7a") - even across multiple user's logons and with several days passing without a single failure inbetween. The offset addresses seem to change across reboots, however. Only selective executables seem affected by the problem, although I may simply not be seeing a sufficient number of application runs from the other ones. I first suspected a possible problem with the physical machine's RAM, but ruled this out as a rather unlikely cause - the memory comes with ECC and I've already moved the virtual machine across several times, without any perceptable change. I've seen that DEP was enabled in "OptOut" mode on this machine: C:\Users\administrator>wmic OS Get DataExecutionPrevention_SupportPolicy DataExecutionPrevention_SupportPolicy 3 and tried changing the policy to OptIn via startup options: bcdedit.exe /set {current} nx OptIn but have yet to see any effect - I also would expect Outlook 12 or Adobe Reader 9 (both affected applications) to play well with DEP. Any other ideas why the apps may be failing?

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• Exposing BL as WCF service

  - by Oren Schwartz

  I'm working on a middle-tier project which encapsulates the business logic (uses a DAL layer, and serves a web application server [ASP.net]) of a product deployed in a LAN. The BL serves as a bunch of services and data objects that are invoked upon user action. At present times, the DAL acts as a separate application whereas the BL uses it, but is consumed by the web application as a DLL. Both the DAL and the web application are deployed on different servers inside organization, and since the BL DLL is consumed by the web application, it resides in the same server. The worst thing about exposing the BL as a DLL is that we lost track with what we expose. Deployment is not such a big issue since mostly, product versions are deployed together. Would you recommend migrating from DLL to WCF service? if so, why ? Do you know anyone who had a similar experience ?

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• Recommendations for good FTP server for Win 2008 x64

  - by sfhtimssf1970

  I spent a bunch of time learning/configuring the "all new and better" FTP feature for IIS7. In my opinion, it still fails hard: In order to have multiple FTP sites on the same machine, you have to use host|user usernames (like domain.com|jason) for every account. Using IIS Manager auth doesn't seem to work at all. I'm sure I'm doing something wrong, but I can't figure out what the hell it is. I've read all the official articles on it and configured it a hundred different ways. Doesn't play well with passive connection types. That has to be disabled on the client in order for it to work. Doesn't have any way to allow one user to see multiple sites no matter what binding they are connected to. For instance, if "jason" connects to ftp.domain.com, he should be able to see domain2.com, domain3.com without seeing domain4.com and domain5.com. It takes an act of God to set this up with IIS7. So I'm wanting to install a third party FTP server instead. I've looked at FileZilla both ZFTPServer. Anyone know of any pros/cons on these? Any other recommendations?

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• VM can't connect to outside in bridged mode

  - by Kamal

  I am not able to ping any machine(not even the host) from Guest VM in bridged mode. But I got an IP which is on the same subnet as host. I can ping my guest VM from the host and can use ssh to connect to the guest. I am using Vmware workstation 6.5. Guest VM is a centos VM and host is windows xp. Every thing works fine in NAT mode. Any clues as to what could be happening. I tried disabling all the firewalls I have.

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• How to disable PHP's ini_set for specific configuration options?

  - by Dunedan

  I'm running a setup with PHP 5.3.8 and use php-fpm with it's chroot functionality to separate multiple customers. So each customer has it's own chrooted PHP-environment, which is quite fine. I now want to disallow that a customer can change the *memory_limit* of his PHP-instance by using *ini_set*. On the other hand I don't want to disable *ini_set* completely. So I'm searching for a possibility to disable the possibility to set specific PHP configuration options (like *memory_limit*) via *ini_set*. Does somebody know how to achieve that?

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• Linux software raid robustness

  - by Waxhead

  I have a 4 disk 5TB raid5 setup where a disk is showing signs of going down the drain. It is reporting media errors and from dmesg I can see that several read errors are corrected. smartctl does report "notifications" but no panic so far. Since new disks are rather expensive at the moment I am starting to pondering exactly how robust the linux md layer is. I would appreciate if someone could shed some light on how md actually deals with disk errors. For example how does md deal with write and read errors - what does it (really) take for disk to be rejected from an array. I also read that recently md got support for mapping out bad blocks. Does this mean that the read errors I've had would have been mapped out if I where running kernel 3.1 or would md still try to "work on them" to make them usable.

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• Variable size encrypted container

  - by Cray

  Is there an application similar to TrueCrypt, but the one that can make variable size containers opposed to fixed-size or only-growing-to-certain-amount containers which can be made by TrueCrypt? I want this container to be able to be mounted to a drive/folder, and the size of the outer container not be much different from the total size of all the files that I put into the mounted folder, while still providing strong encryption. If to put it in other words, I want a program like truecrypt, which not only automatically grows the container if I put in new files, but also decreases it's size if some files are deleted. I know there are some issues of course, and it would not work 100% as truecrypt, because it basically works on the sector level of the disk, giving all the filesystem-control to the OS, and so when I remove a file, it might as well be left there, or there might be some fragmentation issues that would stop just truncating the volume from working, but perhaps a program can be built in some other way? Instead of providing sector-level interface, it would provide filesystem-level interface? A filesystem inside a file which would support shrinking when files are deleted?

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• Endian Destination NAT

  - by Ben Swinburne

  I have installed Endian Community Firewall 2.3 and am clearly misunderstanding/doing something wrong with it. I'm trying to create some destination NAT rules to allow incoming connections to various services within the network. Router - RED I/F - x.x.x.x Router - GREEN I/F - 192.168.11.253 ECF - RED I/F - 192.168.11.254/24 ECF - GREEN I/F - 192.168.12.254/24 Target server - 192.168.12.1 Please ignore the haphazard choice of subnets and addresses- I'm trying to quickly plop Endian into an existing network before a complete rework in 6-12 months so for now. Everything works except destination NAT, so outgoing connections are fine, the routes between the two subnets are OK etc. I want to create various incoming NATs but let's take for the sake of argument, SMTP port 25 from the Internet to Target server 192.168.12.1. I've tried almost every combination of options in the Destination NAT section to achieve this and clearly am doing something wrong. I suspect my confusion must be somewhere in the Access From and/or Target section. The rest seems OK Filter Policy = Allow Service = SMTP Protocol = TCP Port = 25 Translate to type = IP DNAT Policy = NAT Insert IP = 192.168.12.1 Port Range = 25 Enabled = Checked Position = First I can't work out what I'm doing wrong, or am I doing it right and it's just not working!? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Is it possible to rate limit based on host headers? i.e. not just on ip address

  - by Blankman

  I have a web service endpoint that I am building where people will post an xml file to, and it will really get pounded with over 1K requests per second. Now they are sending in these xml files via http post, but a good majority of them will be rate limited. The problem is, the rate limiting will be done by the web application by looking up the source_id in the xml, and if it is over x requests per minute, it will not be processed further. I was wondering if I could do rate limit checking earlier in the processing somehow and thus save the 50K file going threw the pipeline to my web servers and eating up resources. Could a load balancer make a call out to verify rate usage somehow? If this is possible, I could maybe put the source_id in a host header so even the XML file doesn't have to be parsed and loaded into memory. Is it possible to just look at host headers and not load up the entire 50K xml file into memory? I really appreciate your insights as this takes more knowledge of the entire tcp/ip stack etc.

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• Benchmarking hosting providers IO with Bonnie

  - by Derek Organ

  Ok, because of a bunch of projects I'm working on I've access to dedicated Servers on a 3 hosting providers. As an experiment and for educational purposes I decided to see if I could benchmark how good the IO is with each. Bit of research lead me to Bonnie++ So I installed it on the server and ran this simple command /usr/sbin/bonnie -d /tmp/foo The 3 machines in different hosting providers are all dedicated machines, one is a VPS, other two are on some cloud platform e.g. VMWare / Xen using some kind of clustered SAN for storage This might be a naive thing to do but here are the results I found. HOST A Version 1.03c ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 1G 45081 88 56244 14 19167 4 20965 40 67110 6 67.2 0 ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 15264 28 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ +++++ +++ xxxxxxxx,1G,45081,88,56244,14,19167,4,20965,40,67110,6,67.2,0,16,15264,28,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,+++++,+++ HOST B Version 1.03d ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxx 4G 43070 91 64510 15 19092 0 29276 47 39169 0 448.2 0 ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 24799 52 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ 25443 54 +++++ +++ +++++ +++ xxxxxxx,4G,43070,91,64510,15,19092,0,29276,47,39169,0,448.2,0,16,24799,52,+++++,+++,+++++,+++,25443,54,+++++,+++,+++++,+++ HOST C Version 1.03c ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random- -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks-- Machine Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP /sec %CP xxxxxxxxxxxxx 1536M 15598 22 85698 13 258969 20 16194 22 723655 21 +++++ +++ ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create-------- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- files /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP /sec %CP 16 14142 22 +++++ +++ 18621 22 13544 22 +++++ +++ 17363 21 xxxxxxxx,1536M,15598,22,85698,13,258969,20,16194,22,723655,21,+++++,+++,16,14142,22,+++++,+++,18621,22,13544,22,+++++,+++,17363,21 Ok, so first off what is the best way to read the figures and are there any issues with really comparing these numbers? Is this in any way a true representation of IO Speed? If not is there any way for me to test that? Note: these 3 machines are using either Ubuntu or Debian (I presume that doesn't really matter)

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• How to restrict zone transfers to specific authorized servers only

  - by JonoB

  I recently failed a PCI compliance scan because of the following: This DNS server allows unrestricted zone transfers. Attackers may be able to use this information to gain knowledge on the structure of your networks to aid in device discovery prior to an actual attack. And the suggested solution is as follows: Reconfigure this DNS server to restrict zone transfers to specific authorized servers only. I am running a dedicated Linux Centos server. My understanding is that I have to edit the /etc/named.conf file, which I have done and the the relevant part is as follows: options { acl "trusted" { 127.0.0.1; xxx.xxx.xxx.001; //this is one of the server's ip's xxx.xxx.xxx.002; //this is another server's ip }; allow-recursion { trusted; }; allow-notify { trusted; }; allow-transfer { trusted; }; }; I then restarted the named service /etc/rc.d/init.d/named restart and requested a re-scan, which failed again for the same reason. Am I missing something obvious here?

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• Forcing the from address when postfix relays over smtp

  - by John Whitlock

  I'm trying to get email reports from our AWS EC2 instances. We're using Exchange Online (part of Microsoft Online Services). I've setup a user account specifically for SMTP relaying, and I've setup Postfix to meet all the requirements to relay messages through this server. However, Exchange Online's SMTP server will reject messages unless the From address exactly matches the authentication address (the error message is 550 5.7.1 Client does not have permissions to send as this sender). With careful configuration, I can setup my services to send as this user. But I'm not a huge fan of being careful - I'd rather have postfix force the issue. Is there a way to do this?

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• Problems accessing shared folder in Windows Server 2008

  - by Triynko

  In Windows Server 2008, I have a shared folder. For my username: NTFS permission (read/modify) Share Permissions (read/modify) Result when trying to access the share: I can traverse directory and read files, but I cannot write files. When I try to examine my effective permissions, it says "Windows can't calculate the effective permissions for [My Username]". The folder is owned by the Administrators group (the default), and NTFS read/write permissions are granted to my username, which is a member of the Administrators group. I notice that to make any changes to the folder locally require me to acknowledge a UAC prompt. Why does that prompt appear? I also tried creating a new group, giving it full NTFS permissions, and full control in the shared permissions, and added my username to the group. The result is even worse... I cannot even traverse the shared folder directories or read anything at all.

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• Why is my IMAP port not showing as open ( yet it works? )

  - by Leo

  Ive recently setup Postfix and Dovecot IMAP on a Debian Lenny box. Sending to this domain works fine and reading the email via IMAP works fine too. I'm curious though as to why when running nmap, port 10143 is not shown as open. nmap -sS -O 127.0.0.1 Starting Nmap 4.62 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-11-26 21:30 GMT Interesting ports on localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): Not shown: 1711 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 3306/tcp open mysql Am I missing something with NMAP? Thanks Leo

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• wuinstall doesn't work with winrs

  - by wizard

  I've been having issues with psexec so I've been migrating to use winrs (part of the winrm system). It's a very nice remoting tool which is proving to be more reliable then psexec. Wuinstall is used to install available windows updates. The two however don't play well together. I'm working on a verity of windows servers 2003, 2008 and 2008r2. Wuinstall behaves the same across all hosts and behaves as expected if executed locally by the same user. Command: winrs -r:server wuinstall /download Produces WUInstall.exe Version 1.1 Copyright by hs2n Informationstechnologie GmbH 2009 Visit: http://www.xeox.com, http://www.hs2n.at for new versions Searching for updates ... Criteria: IsInstalled=0 and Type='Software' Result Code: Succeeded 7 Updates found, listing all: Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2544893) Security Update for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2518869) Security Update for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows S erver 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2539635) Security Update for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows S erver 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based Systems (KB2572077) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2588516) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2620704) Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2617657) Downloading updates ... Error occured: CreateUpdateDownloader failed! Result CODE: 0x80070005 Return code: 1 Googling "0x80070005" finds "unspecified error" which isn't helpful. Thoughts? Is there a better way?

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• cd doesn't change directory in Windows 7

  - by astay13

  I am working with cmd.exe on Windows 7 (as opposed to Powershell). I have 2 partitions on my drive, C contains the OS and installed programs, and D contains my data. I was trying to cd from C to D, but cmd wouldn't let me: C:\>cd D:\ C:\> However, when I type dir D:\, it will list the contents of D correctly. Why does it do this and how can I fix it? Powershell works fine so I can use that, but I would like to know what makes cmd misbehave.

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• Configuring WPA WiFi in Ubuntu 10.10

  - by sma

  I am trying to configure my wireless network on my laptop running Ubuntu 10.10 and am having a bit of difficulty. I am a complete Linux newb, but want to learn it, hence the reason I'm trying to set this up. Here's the vitals: It is a Gateway 600 YG2 laptop. It was previously running Windows XP, but I installed Ubuntu 10.10 in place of it (not a dual boot, I removed XP altogether). I have an old wireless card that I'm trying to resurrect. I haven't really used the card in a couple years, but it seems to still work, I just can't connect to my home's wireless network. The card is a Linksys WPC11 v2.5. When I plug it in, Ubuntu recognizes the network, but won't connect to it. My home network uses WPA encryption and the only connection type that Ubuntu's network manager is giving me is WEP and then it asks for a key -- I have no idea what that key should be. So, basically, I'm asking, is there a way I can instead connect through WPA? I've tried creating a new connection in network manager, but that won't work, it keeps falling back to the WEP connection and asking me for a key. I have tried to install the XP driver using ndiswrapper but I don't know if that's working or not. Is there a way to tell if: A) the card is working as it should B) the correct drivers are installed (again, I installed the XP one using ndiswrapper NET8180.INF, but I'm not sure what to do next) Any help would be appreciated. Thank you.

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• How to debug a program as admin within Visual Studio

  - by brian

  I'm running VS2K8 in Win7 64-bit. I'm logged in as admin and I'm running it as admin, but the program I'm working on fails with access denied when I call a restricted API. If run the program from Explorer with "Run as Administrator" it works. I was under the belief that VS2K8 debugs programs with whatever rights VS2K8 itself is running with. As it stands I can't debug my application due to this and I'm at a loss as to what's going on.

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• Ctrl+Z and fg to append commands

  - by avilella

  I would like to know what is the behaviour of Ctrl+Z and fg in bash when wanting to append commands to be executed after a running command has finished. For example, in the sequence for commands below, I would expect the console to display "1", then "2", then "3", then "4", but I only get the last command, echo 4, after sleep 30 finishes: avilella@magneto:~$ sleep 30 && echo 1 ^Z [1]+ Stopped sleep 30 avilella@magneto:~$ fg && sleep 5 && echo 2 sleep 30 ^Z [1]+ Stopped sleep 30 avilella@magneto:~$ fg && sleep 5 && echo 3 sleep 30 ^Z [1]+ Stopped sleep 30 avilella@magneto:~$ fg && sleep 5 && echo 4 sleep 30 4 Any ideas?

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• Performance variation

  - by Ree

  During my time spent working with multiple machines, I have noticed that performance of the same machine doing the same tasks in the same order differs and sometimes the difference is big enough to be noticeable. This applies to all the machines I've owned and/or maintained (old and modern). Some examples (many of them you may have noticed yourself) that sometimes are completed in different time frames: POST OS installation Hardware tests and operations (usually executed within a customized OS such as one of the many DOS variants), HDD tests and "low level" formats Software installation or other tasks (such as benchmarks) within a general purpose OS (Windows, Linux, etc) I can imagine this is caused by the fact that a machine is built with many components having to communicate as a whole and since the mechanical and electronic parts aren't perfect the overhead occurs. In the last example, I assume the OS complexity and concurrently running multiple processes has some additional effect as well. However, I'm wondering if this hardware imperfection and overhead is indeed that high to be humanly noticeable? Maybe there are other factors that are influencial as much or even more? So, in short - why? To emphasize: the difference is noticeable on the same machine performing the same tasks and this applies to ANY machine in my experience. I'm not comparing machine to machine performance.

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• Windows Media Player - Display JPEG cover art for FLAC files

  - by pelms

  I got WMP 12 (on Windows 7 RC1) to play FLAC files by installing the Ogg Vorbis/FLAC, Direct Show filters, but WMP does not display the embedded cover artwork. After experimenting I found that it will display the cover art if it is embedded in PNG format, but up to now I've used JPEG for all my FLAC files. Rather than re-tagging all my files, does anyone know a way to get WMP 12 to display JPEG embedded cover art?

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• Linux error when resume from RAM

  - by TuxPotato

  The last two times that I have resumed my laptop from sleep, it has hung and given me this set of errors: [drm:atom_op_jump] *ERROR* atombios stuck in loop for more than 1sec aborting [drm:atom_execute_table_locked] *ERROR* atombios stuck executing E692 (len 460, WS 0, PS 4) @0xE6D3 hda_intel: azx_get_responce timeout, switching to single_cmd mode: last cmd=0x01170700 ata6: softreset failed (device not ready) ata4: softreset failed (device not ready) [drm:atom_op_jump] *ERROR* atombios stuck in loop for more than 1sec aborting [drm:atom_execute_table_locked] *ERROR* atombios stuck executing E692 (len 460, WS 0, PS 4) @0xE6D3 The last two messages repeat two more times. The first time this happened, Linux's Magic SysRq worked and did a soft reboot, and after that everything was fine till it went to sleep again. It wakes up and gives me this. Here are the laptop stats: Toshiba Satellite L455D-S5976 AMD Sempron SI-42 Processor 2GB DDR2 RAM HD TruBrite Display ATI Radeon Graphics (integrated) Running Ubuntu 10.10 32 bit I'm not sure about the hard drive, but its a 250GB drive with one NTFS partition, two Hidden NTFS, one Linux Swap, and one Ext4. Can someone tell me whats wrong with my laptop? NOTE: This only happens when I close the screen. My computer doesn't go to sleep with the screen open.

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