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  • Multiple IPs on firewall, are these virtual interfaces or what?

    - by Jakobud
    We have 5 static IP addresses from our ISP: XXX.XXX.XXX.180 XXX.XXX.XXX.181 XXX.XXX.XXX.182 XXX.XXX.XXX.183 XXX.XXX.XXX.184 On our firewall box, the NIC that is connected to our cable modem, appears to have all 5 IP addresses set on it. A previous IT guy set this thing up, and I'm not sure exactly what he did. Are these virtual interfaces on this NIC or what? Here is my ip addr output for that NIC: rwd0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet XXX.XXX.XXX.180/24 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global rwd0 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.181/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global rwd0:FWB9 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.182/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB10 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.183/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB11 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.184/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB12 inet6 fe80::250:8bff:fe61:5734/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I'm a bit new to firewalls and networking so I'm just trying to figure out what he had going on here. I know he used Firewall Builder to configure the iptables rules, maybe that has something to do with the "FWB" I see in those names? So my questions are: What is going on here? Virtual Interfaces? Or something else? If we want to put in a second firewall in parallel with this firewall but we only want it to handle traffic to XXX.XXX.XXX.182, how do we get rid of the static XXX.XXX.XXX.182 address on this existing firewall box?

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  • keepalived issues on xen domU

    - by David Cournapeau
    Hi, I cannot manage to run keepalived correctly on xen domU. I am following this link for configuration, and it works great on some local VM (running with KVM). If I set up the exact same configuration, but on xen domU, it does not work: both servers do not see each other and decide to be master (10.120.100.99 being the virtual IP) $ sudo ip addr sh eth0 # host1 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:78:f5:31 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.120.100.104/24 brd 10.120.100.255 scope global eth0 inet 10.120.100.99/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe78:f531/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever $ sudo ip addr sh eth0 # host2 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:51:36:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.120.100.105/24 brd 10.120.100.255 scope global eth0 inet 10.120.100.99/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe51:3620/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Is there a way I could debug this - it seems some people are able to use keepalived on xen following some mailing list, but without much info on their config.

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  • Can't route specific subnet thru VPN in ubuntu

    - by Disco
    I'm having issues routing traffic thru VPN. Here's my setup I have 3 hosts, let's call them A, B and Z B and Z have a VPN connection in the 10.10.10.x SUBNET A and B have a direct connection in the 10.10.12.x SUBNET I want to be able to route traffic from A to Z, like : A <= 10.10.12.254 [LAN] 10.10.12.111 => B <= 10.10.10.152 [VPN] 10.10.10.10 => Z On host B, i have set up ip_forwarding : net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 and routing on host B: [root@hostA: ~]# ip route 10.10.10.10 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.10.152 10.10.12.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.12.111 10.10.10.0/24 dev ppp0 scope link 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link routing on host A: [root@hostA: ~]# ip route 10.10.10.0 via 10.10.12.111 dev eth1 10.10.12.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.10.12.254 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 But still not able to ping 10.10.10.10 from host A. Any idea ? I'm pulling my hairs out.

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  • How to completely disable IPv6 for loopback interface on RHEL 5.6

    - by Marc D
    I've done lots of research on how to disable IPv6 on RedHat Linux and I have it almost completely disabled. However the loopback interface is still getting an inet6 loopback address (::1/128). I can't find where IPV6 is still enabled for loopback. To disable IPV6 I added the following settings to /etc/sysctl.conf: net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1 And also added the following line to /etc/sysconfig/network: NETWORKING_IPV6=no After rebooting, the inet6 address is gone from my physical interface (eth0), but is still there for lo: # ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:56:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.x.x.x/21 brd 10.x.x.x scope global eth0 If I manually remove the IPV6 address from loopback and then bounce the interface, it comes back: # ip addr del ::1/128 dev lo # ip addr show lo 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo # ip link set lo down # ip link set lo up # ip addr show lo 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I believe IPV6 should be disabled at the kernel level as confirmed by sysctl: # sysctl net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1 Any ideas on what else would cause the loopback interface to get an IPV6 address?

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  • JsTree v1.0 - How to manipulate effectively the data from the backend to render the trees and operate correctly?

    - by Jean Paul
    Backend info: PHP 5 / MySQL URL: http://github.com/downloads/vakata/jstree/jstree_pre1.0_fix_1.zip Table structure for table discussions_tree -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `discussions_tree` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `parent_id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `label` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL, `position` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `left` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `right` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `level` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `type` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL, `h_label` varchar(16) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `fulllabel` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, UNIQUE KEY `uidx_3` (`id`), KEY `idx_1` (`user_id`), KEY `idx_2` (`parent_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; /*The first element should in my understanding not even be shown*/ INSERT INTO `discussions_tree` (`id`, `parent_id`, `user_id`, `label`, `position`, `left`, `right`, `level`, `type`, `h_label`, `fulllabel`) VALUES (0, 0, 0, 'Contacts', 0, 1, 1, 0, NULL, '', NULL); INSERT INTO `discussions_tree` (`id`, `parent_id`, `user_id`, `label`, `position`, `left`, `right`, `level`, `type`, `h_label`, `fulllabel`) VALUES (1, 0, 0, 'How to Tag', 1, 2, 2, 0, 'drive', '', NULL); Front End : I've simplified the logic, it has 6 trees actually inside of a panel and that works fine $array = array("Discussions"); $id_arr = array("d"); $nid = 0; foreach ($array as $k=> $value) { $nid++; ?> <li id="<?=$value?>" class="label"> <a href='#<?=$value?>'><span> <?=$value?> </span></a> <div class="sub-menu" style="height:auto; min-height:120px; background-color:#E5E5E5" > <div class="menu" id="menu_<?=$id_arr[$k]?>" style="position:relative; margin-left:56%"> <img src="./js/jsTree/create.png" alt="" id="create" title="Create" > <img src="./js/jsTree/rename.png" alt="" id="rename" title="Rename" > <img src="./js/jsTree/remove.png" alt="" id="remove" title="Delete"> <img src="./js/jsTree/cut.png" alt="" id="cut" title="Cut" > <img src="./js/jsTree/copy.png" alt="" id="copy" title="Copy"> <img src="./js/jsTree/paste.png" alt="" id="paste" title="Paste"> </div> <div id="<?=$id_arr[$k]?>" class="jstree_container"></div> </div> </li> <!-- JavaScript neccessary for this tree : <?=$value?> --> <script type="text/javascript" > jQuery(function ($) { $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree({ // List of active plugins used "plugins" : [ "themes", "json_data", "ui", "crrm" , "hotkeys" , "types" , "dnd", "contextmenu"], // "ui" :{ "initially_select" : ["#node_"+ $nid ] } , "crrm": { "move": { "always_copy": "multitree" }, "input_width_limit":128 }, "core":{ "strings":{ "new_node" : "New Tag" }}, "themes": {"theme": "classic"}, "json_data" : { "ajax" : { "url" : "./js/jsTree/server-<?=$id_arr[$k]?>.php", "data" : function (n) { // the result is fed to the AJAX request `data` option return { "operation" : "get_children", "id" : n.attr ? n.attr("id").replace("node_","") : 1, "state" : "", "user_id": <?=$uid?> }; } } } , "types" : { "max_depth" : -1, "max_children" : -1, "types" : { // The default type "default" : { "hover_node":true, "valid_children" : [ "default" ], }, // The `drive` nodes "drive" : { // can have files and folders inside, but NOT other `drive` nodes "valid_children" : [ "default", "folder" ], "hover_node":true, "icon" : { "image" : "./js/jsTree/root.png" }, // those prevent the functions with the same name to be used on `drive` nodes.. internally the `before` event is used "start_drag" : false, "move_node" : false, "remove_node" : false } } }, "contextmenu" : { "items" : customMenu , "select_node": true} }) //Hover function binded to jstree .bind("hover_node.jstree", function (e, data) { $('ul li[rel="drive"], ul li[rel="default"], ul li[rel=""]').each(function(i) { $(this).find("a").attr('href', $(this).attr("id")+".php" ); }) }) //Create function binded to jstree .bind("create.jstree", function (e, data) { $.post( "./js/jsTree/server-<?=$id_arr[$k]?>.php", { "operation" : "create_node", "id" : data.rslt.parent.attr("id").replace("node_",""), "position" : data.rslt.position, "label" : data.rslt.name, "href" : data.rslt.obj.attr("href"), "type" : data.rslt.obj.attr("rel"), "user_id": <?=$uid?> }, function (r) { if(r.status) { $(data.rslt.obj).attr("id", "node_" + r.id); } else { $.jstree.rollback(data.rlbk); } } ); }) //Remove operation .bind("remove.jstree", function (e, data) { data.rslt.obj.each(function () { $.ajax({ async : false, type: 'POST', url: "./js/jsTree/server-<?=$id_arr[$k]?>.php", data : { "operation" : "remove_node", "id" : this.id.replace("node_",""), "user_id": <?=$uid?> }, success : function (r) { if(!r.status) { data.inst.refresh(); } } }); }); }) //Rename operation .bind("rename.jstree", function (e, data) { data.rslt.obj.each(function () { $.ajax({ async : true, type: 'POST', url: "./js/jsTree/server-<?=$id_arr[$k]?>.php", data : { "operation" : "rename_node", "id" : this.id.replace("node_",""), "label" : data.rslt.new_name, "user_id": <?=$uid?> }, success : function (r) { if(!r.status) { data.inst.refresh(); } } }); }); }) //Move operation .bind("move_node.jstree", function (e, data) { data.rslt.o.each(function (i) { $.ajax({ async : false, type: 'POST', url: "./js/jsTree/server-<?=$id_arr[$k]?>.php", data : { "operation" : "move_node", "id" : $(this).attr("id").replace("node_",""), "ref" : data.rslt.cr === -1 ? 1 : data.rslt.np.attr("id").replace("node_",""), "position" : data.rslt.cp + i, "label" : data.rslt.name, "copy" : data.rslt.cy ? 1 : 0, "user_id": <?=$uid?> }, success : function (r) { if(!r.status) { $.jstree.rollback(data.rlbk); } else { $(data.rslt.oc).attr("id", "node_" + r.id); if(data.rslt.cy && $(data.rslt.oc).children("UL").length) { data.inst.refresh(data.inst._get_parent(data.rslt.oc)); } } } }); }); }); // This is for the context menu to bind with operations on the right clicked node function customMenu(node) { // The default set of all items var control; var items = { createItem: { label: "Create", action: function (node) { return {createItem: this.create(node) }; } }, renameItem: { label: "Rename", action: function (node) { return {renameItem: this.rename(node) }; } }, deleteItem: { label: "Delete", action: function (node) { return {deleteItem: this.remove(node) }; }, "separator_after": true }, copyItem: { label: "Copy", action: function (node) { $(node).addClass("copy"); return {copyItem: this.copy(node) }; } }, cutItem: { label: "Cut", action: function (node) { $(node).addClass("cut"); return {cutItem: this.cut(node) }; } }, pasteItem: { label: "Paste", action: function (node) { $(node).addClass("paste"); return {pasteItem: this.paste(node) }; } } }; // We go over all the selected items as the context menu only takes action on the one that is right clicked $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element) { if ( $(element).attr("id") != $(node).attr("id") ) { // Let's deselect all nodes that are unrelated to the context menu -- selected but are not the one right clicked $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); } }); //if any previous click has the class for copy or cut $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").find("li").each(function(index,element) { if ($(element) != $(node) ) { if( $(element).hasClass("copy") || $(element).hasClass("cut") ) control=1; } else if( $(node).hasClass("cut") || $(node).hasClass("copy")) { control=0; } }); //only remove the class for cut or copy if the current operation is to paste if($(node).hasClass("paste") ) { control=0; // Let's loop through all elements and try to find if the paste operation was done already $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").find("li").each(function(index,element) { if( $(element).hasClass("copy") ) $(this).removeClass("copy"); if ( $(element).hasClass("cut") ) $(this).removeClass("cut"); if ( $(element).hasClass("paste") ) $(this).removeClass("paste"); }); } switch (control) { //Remove the paste item from the context menu case 0: switch ($(node).attr("rel")) { case "drive": delete items.renameItem; delete items.deleteItem; delete items.cutItem; delete items.copyItem; delete items.pasteItem; break; case "default": delete items.pasteItem; break; } break; //Remove the paste item from the context menu only on the node that has either copy or cut added class case 1: if( $(node).hasClass("cut") || $(node).hasClass("copy") ) { switch ($(node).attr("rel")) { case "drive": delete items.renameItem; delete items.deleteItem; delete items.cutItem; delete items.copyItem; delete items.pasteItem; break; case "default": delete items.pasteItem; break; } } else //Re-enable it on the clicked node that does not have the cut or copy class { switch ($(node).attr("rel")) { case "drive": delete items.renameItem; delete items.deleteItem; delete items.cutItem; delete items.copyItem; break; } } break; //initial state don't show the paste option on any node default: switch ($(node).attr("rel")) { case "drive": delete items.renameItem; delete items.deleteItem; delete items.cutItem; delete items.copyItem; delete items.pasteItem; break; case "default": delete items.pasteItem; break; } break; } return items; } $("#menu_<?=$id_arr[$k]?> img").hover( function () { $(this).css({'cursor':'pointer','outline':'1px double teal'}) }, function () { $(this).css({'cursor':'none','outline':'1px groove transparent'}) } ); $("#menu_<?=$id_arr[$k]?> img").click(function () { switch(this.id) { //Create only the first element case "create": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ switch(index) { case 0: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("create", '#'+$(element).attr("id"), null, /*{attr : {href: '#' }}*/null ,null, false); break; default: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; } }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; //REMOVE case "remove": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ //only execute if the current node is not the first one (drive) if( $(element).attr("id") != $("div.jstree > ul > li").first().attr("id") ) { $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("remove",'#'+$(element).attr("id")); } else $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; //RENAME NODE only one selection case "rename": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ if( $(element).attr("id") != $("div.jstree > ul > li").first().attr("id") ) { switch(index) { case 0: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("rename", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; default: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; } } else $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; //Cut case "cut": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ switch(index) { case 0: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("cut", '#'+$(element).attr("id")); $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner teal\'>Operation "Cut" successfully done.<p class=\'p_inner teal bold\'>Where to place it?'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id")); }, 2000); break; default: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; } }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; //Copy case "copy": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ switch(index) { case 0: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("copy", '#'+$(element).attr("id")); $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner teal\'>Operation "Copy": Successfully done.<p class=\'p_inner teal bold\'>Where to place it?'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); }, 2000); break; default: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; } }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; case "paste": if ( $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).length ) { $.jstree._reference("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").get_selected(false, true).each(function(index,element){ switch(index) { case 0: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("paste", '#'+$(element).attr("id")); break; default: $("#<?=$id_arr[$k]?>").jstree("deselect_node", '#'+$(element).attr("id") ); break; } }); } else { $.facebox('<p class=\'p_inner error bold\'>A selection needs to be made to work with this operation'); setTimeout(function(){ $.facebox.close(); }, 2000); } break; } }); <? } ?> server.php $path='../../../..'; require_once "$path/phpfoo/dbif.class"; require_once "$path/global.inc"; // Database config & class $db_config = array( "servername"=> $dbHost, "username" => $dbUser, "password" => $dbPW, "database" => $dbName ); if(extension_loaded("mysqli")) require_once("_inc/class._database_i.php"); else require_once("_inc/class._database.php"); //Tree class require_once("_inc/class.ctree.php"); $dbLink = new dbif(); $dbErr = $dbLink->connect($dbName,$dbUser,$dbPW,$dbHost); $jstree = new json_tree(); if(isset($_GET["reconstruct"])) { $jstree->_reconstruct(); die(); } if(isset($_GET["analyze"])) { echo $jstree->_analyze(); die(); } $table = '`discussions_tree`'; if($_REQUEST["operation"] && strpos($_REQUEST["operation"], "_") !== 0 && method_exists($jstree, $_REQUEST["operation"])) { foreach($_REQUEST as $k => $v) { switch($k) { case 'user_id': //We are passing the user_id from the $_SESSION on each request and trying to pick up the min and max value from the table that matches the 'user_id' $sql = "SELECT max(`right`) , min(`left`) FROM $table WHERE `user_id`=$v"; //If the select does not return any value then just let it be :P if (!list($right, $left)=$dbLink->getRow($sql)) { $sql = $dbLink->dbSubmit("UPDATE $table SET `user_id`=$v WHERE `id` = 1 AND `parent_id` = 0"); $sql = $dbLink->dbSubmit("UPDATE $table SET `user_id`=$v WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `label`='How to Tag' "); } else { $sql = $dbLink->dbSubmit("UPDATE $table SET `user_id`=$v, `right`=$right+2 WHERE `id` = 1 AND `parent_id` = 0"); $sql = $dbLink->dbSubmit("UPDATE $table SET `user_id`=$v, `left`=$left+1, `right`=$right+1 WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `label`='How to Tag' "); } break; } } header("HTTP/1.0 200 OK"); header('Content-type: application/json; charset=utf-8'); header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); header("Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT"); header("Pragma: no-cache"); echo $jstree->{$_REQUEST["operation"]}($_REQUEST); die(); } header("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found"); ?> The problem: DND *(Drag and Drop) works, Delete works, Create works, Rename works, but Copy, Cut and Paste don't work

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  • how to design this relation in a DB schema

    - by raticulin
    I have a table Car in my db, one of the columns is purchaseDate. I want to be able to tag every car with a number of Policies (limited to 10 policies). Each policy has a time to life (ttl, a duration of time, like '5 years', '10 months' etc), that is, for how long since the car's purchaseDate the policy can be applied. I need to perform the following actions: when inserting a Car, it will be set with a number of Policies (at least one is set) sometimes a Car will be updated to add/remove a Policy searches must be done taking into account date/policies, for example: 'select all cars that are not covered by any policy as of today' My current design is (pol0..pol9 are the policies): CREATE TABLE Car ( id int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1), purchaseDate datetime NOT NULL, //more stuff... pol0 smallint default NULL, pol1 smallint default NULL, pol2 smallint default NULL, pol3 smallint default NULL, pol4 smallint default NULL, pol5 smallint default NULL, pol6 smallint default NULL, pol7 smallint default NULL, pol8 smallint default NULL, pol9 smallint default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ) CREATE TABLE Policy ( id smallint NOT NULL, name varchar(50) collate Latin1_General_BIN NOT NULL, ttl varchar(100) collate Latin1_General_BIN NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ) The problem I am facing is that the sql to perform the query above is a nightmare to write. As I don't know in which column each policy can be, so I have to check all columns for every policy etc etc. So I am wondering wether it is worth changing this. My questions are: The smallint as Policy id was chosen instead of an 'int IDENTITY' in order to save some space as there are going to be millions of Car records. It just adds complexity when creating a Policy as we must handle the id etc. Was it worth doing this? I am thinking that maybe there is a much better design? Obviously we could move the policy/car relation to its own table CarPolicy, benefits would be: no limit on 10 policies per car adding/removing etc much easier when only the default policy is applied (when no others are applied one called Default policy is applied), we could signal that by not having any entry in CarPolicy, now this is just done inserting the Default policy id in one of the columns. The cons are that we would need to change the DB, ORM classes etc. What would you recommend? Maybe there is another smart way to implement this that we are not aware without using the CarPolicy table?

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  • SQL Cartesian product joining table to itself and inserting into existing table

    - by Emma
    I am working in phpMyadmin using SQL. I want to take the primary key (EntryID) from TableA and create a cartesian product (if I am using the term correctly) in TableB (empty table already created) for all entries which share the same value for FieldB in TableA, except where TableA.EntryID equals TableA.EntryID So, for example, if the values in TableA were: TableA.EntryID TableA.FieldB 1 23 2 23 3 23 4 25 5 25 6 25 The result in TableB would be: Primary key EntryID1 EntryID2 FieldD (Default or manually entered) 1 1 2 Default value 2 1 3 Default value 3 2 1 Default value 4 2 3 Default value 5 3 1 Default value 6 3 2 Default value 7 4 5 Default value 8 4 6 Default value 9 5 4 Default value 10 5 6 Default value 11 6 4 Default value 12 6 5 Default value I am used to working in Access and this is the first query I have attempted in SQL. I started trying to work out the query and got this far. I know it's not right yet, as I’m still trying to get used to the syntax and pieced this together from various articles I found online. In particular, I wasn’t sure where the INSERT INTO text went (to create what would be an Append Query in Access). SELECT EntryID FROM TableA.EntryID TableA.EntryID WHERE TableA.FieldB=TableA.FieldB TableA.EntryID<>TableA.EntryID INSERT INTO TableB.EntryID1 TableB.EntryID2 After I've got that query right, I need to do a TRIGGER query (I think), so if an entry changes it's value in TableA.FieldB (changing it’s membership of that grouping to another grouping), the cartesian product will be re-run on THAT entry, unless TableB.FieldD = valueA or valueB (manually entered values). I have been using the Designer Tab. Does there have to be a relationship link between TableA and TableB. If so, would it be two links from the EntryID Primary Key in TableA, one to each EntryID in TableB? I assume this would not work because they are numbered EntryID1 and EntryID2 and the name needs to be the same to set up a relationship? If you can offer any suggestions, I would be very grateful. Research: http://www.fluffycat.com/SQL/Cartesian-Joins/ Cartesian Join example two Q: You said you can have a Cartesian join by joining a table to itself. Show that! Select * From Film_Table T1, Film_Table T2;

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  • How do I fix my locale issue?

    - by HackToHell
    I am getting this message everytime I do something like starting or stopping a service. perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = "en_US:en", LC_ALL = (unset), LC_MESSAGES = "en_US.UTF-8", LANG = "en_US.UTF-8" are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory (Reading database ... 21173 files and directories currently installed.) Removing bind9 ... * Stopping domain name service... bind9 [ OK ] Processing triggers for man-db ... locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory How do I fix this error ?

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  • How to handle updated configuration when it's already been cloned for editing

    - by alexrussell
    Really sorry about the title that probably doesn't make much sense. Hopefully I can explain myself better here as it's something that's kinda bugged me for ages, and is now becoming a pressing concern as I write a bit of software with configuration. Most software comes with default configuration options stored in the app itself, and then there's a configuration file (let's say) that a user can edit. Once created/edited for the first time, subsequent updates to the application can not (easily) modify this configuration file for fear of clobbering the user's own changes to the default configuration. So my question is, if my application adds a new configurable parameter, what's the best way to aid discoverability of the setting and allow the user (developer) to override it as nicely as possible given the following constraints: I actually don't have a canonical default config in the application per se, it's more of a 'cascading filesystem'-like affair - the config template is stored in default/config.json and when the user wishes to edit the configuration, it's copied to user/config.json. If a user config is found it is used - there is no automatic overriding of a subset of keys, the whole new file is used and that's that. If there's no user config the default config is used. When a user wishes to edit the config they run a command to 'generate' it for them (which simply copies the config.json file from the default to the user directory). There is no UI for the configuration options as it's not appropriate to the userbase (think of my software as a library or something, the users are developers, the config is done in the user/config.json file). Due to my software being library-like there's no simple way to, on updating of the software, run some tasks automatically (so any ideas of look at the current config, compare to template config, add ing missing keys) aren't appropriate. The only solution I can think of right now is to say "there's a new config setting X" in release notes, but this doesn't seem ideal to me. If you want any more information let me know. The above specifics are not actually 100% true to my situation, but they represent the problem equally well with lower complexity. If you do want specifics, however, I can explain the exact setup. Further clarification of the type of configuration I mean: think of the Atom code editor. There appears to be a default 'template' config file somewhere, but as soon as a configuration option is edited ~/.atom/config.cson is generated and the setting goes in there. From now on is Atom is updated and gets a new configuration key, this file cannot be overwritten by Atom without a lot of effort to ensure that the addition/modification of the key does not clobber. In Atom's case, because there is a GUI for editing settings, they can get away with just adding the UI for the new setting into the UI to aid 'discoverability' of the new setting. I don't have that luxury. Clarification of my constraints and what I'm actually looking for: The software I'm writing is actually a package for a larger system. This larger system is what provides the configuration, and the way it works is kinda fixed - I just do a config('some.key') kinda call and it knows to look to see if the user has a config clone and if so use it, otherwise use the default config which is part of my package. Now, while I could make my application edit the user's configuration files (there is a convention about where they're stored), it's generally not done, so I'd like to live with the constraints of the system I'm using if possible. And it's not just about discoverability either, one large concern is that the addition of a configuration key won't actually work as soon as the user has their own copy of the original template. Adding the key to the template won't make a difference as that file is never read. As such, I think this is actually quite a big flaw in the design of the configuration cascading system and thus needs to be taken up with my upstream. So, thinking about it, based on my constraints, I don't think there's going to be a good solution save for either editing the user's configuration or using a new config file every time there are updates to the default configuration. Even the release notes idea from above isn't doable as, if the user does not follow the advice, suddenly I have a config key with no value (user-defined or default). So the new question is this: what is the general way to solve the problem of having a default configuration in template config files and allowing a user to make user-specific version of these in order to override the defaults? A per-key cascade (rather than per-file cascade) where the user only specifies their overrides? In this case, what happens if a configuration value is an array - do we replace or append to the default (or, more realistically, how does the user specify whether they wish to replace or append to)? It seems like configuration is kinda hard, so how is it solved in the wild?

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  • Developing Schema Compare for Oracle (Part 4): Script Configuration

    - by Simon Cooper
    If you've had a chance to play around with the Schema Compare for Oracle beta, you may have come across this screen in the synchronization wizard: This screen is one of the few screens that, along with the project configuration form, doesn't come from SQL Compare. This screen was designed to solve a couple of issues that, although aren't specific to Oracle, are much more of a problem than on SQL Server: Datatype conversions and NOT NULL columns. 1. Datatype conversions SQL Server is generally quite forgiving when it comes to datatype conversions using ALTER TABLE. For example, you can convert from a VARCHAR to INT using ALTER TABLE as long as all the character values are parsable as integers. Oracle, on the other hand, only allows ALTER TABLE conversions that don't change the internal data format. Essentially, every change that requires an actual datatype conversion has to be done using a rebuild with a conversion function. That's OK, as we can simply hard-code the various conversion functions for the valid datatype conversions and insert those into the rebuild SELECT list. However, as there always is with Oracle, there's a catch. Have a look at the NUMTODSINTERVAL function. As well as specifying the value (or column) to convert, you have to specify an interval_unit, which tells oracle how to interpret the input number. We can't hardcode a default for this parameter, as it is entirely dependent on the user's data context! So, in order to convert NUMBER to INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND/INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH, we need to have feedback from the user as to what to put in this parameter while we're generating the sync script - this requires a new step in the engine action/script generation to insert these values into the script, as well as new UI to allow the user to specify these values in a sensible fashion. In implementing the engine and UI infrastructure to allow this it made much more sense to implement it for any rebuild datatype conversion, not just NUMBER to INTERVALs. For conversions which we can do, we pre-fill the 'value' box with the appropriate function from the documentation. The user can also type in arbitary SQL expressions, which allows the user to specify optional format parameters for the relevant conversion functions, or indeed call their own functions to convert between values that don't have a built-in conversion defined. As the value gets inserted as-is into the rebuild SELECT list, any expression that is valid in that context can be specified as the conversion value. 2. NOT NULL columns Another problem that is solved by the new step in the sync wizard is adding a NOT NULL column to a table. If the table contains data (as most database tables do), you can't just add a NOT NULL column, as Oracle doesn't know what value to put in the new column for existing rows - the DDL statement will fail. There are actually 3 separate scenarios for this problem that have separate solutions within the engine: Adding a NOT NULL column to a table without a rebuild Here, the workaround is to add a column default with an appropriate value to the column you're adding: ALTER TABLE tbl1 ADD newcol NUMBER DEFAULT <value> NOT NULL; Note, however, there is something to bear in mind about this solution; once specified on a column, a default cannot be removed. To 'remove' a default from a column you change it to have a default of NULL, hence there's code in the engine to treat a NULL default the same as no default at all. Adding a NOT NULL column to a table, where a separate change forced a table rebuild Fortunately, in this case, a column default is not required - we can simply insert the default value into the rebuild SELECT clause. Changing an existing NULL to a NOT NULL column To implement this, we run an UPDATE command before the ALTER TABLE to change all the NULLs in the column to the required default value. For all three, we need some way of allowing the user to specify a default value to use instead of NULL; as this is essentially the same problem as datatype conversion (inserting values into the sync script), we can re-use the UI and engine implementation of datatype conversion values. We also provide the option to alter the new column to allow NULLs, or to ignore the problem completely. Note that there is the same (long-running) problem in SQL Compare, but it is much more of an issue in Oracle as you cannot easily roll back executed DDL statements if the script fails at some point during execution. Furthermore, the engine of SQL Compare is far less conducive to inserting user-supplied values into the generated script. As we're writing the Schema Compare engine from scratch, we used what we learnt from the SQL Compare engine and designed it to be far more modular, which makes inserting procedures like this much easier.

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  • 5.1 surround sound

    - by rocker9455
    Ok, So i've always had trouble with enabling 5.1 in ubuntu. Running 'alsamixer': I have: Master, Heaphones, PCM, Front, Front Mi, Front Mi, Surround, Center All are at 100% Card:HDA Intel Chip:Realtek ALC888 (This is my onboard sound, Its a dell studio, with 7.1 integrated sound) Running "speaker-test -c6 -twav" I only get the front 2 speakers (Right/Left) making any noise. The others make no noise at all. I have no other sound card to use as all my PCI slots are used up. Daemon.conf: ; daemonize = no ; fail = yes ; allow-module-loading = yes ; allow-exit = yes ; use-pid-file = yes ; system-instance = no ; enable-shm = yes ; shm-size-bytes = 0 # setting this 0 will use the system-default, usually 64 MiB ; lock-memory = no ; cpu-limit = no ; high-priority = yes ; nice-level = -11 ; realtime-scheduling = yes ; realtime-priority = 5 ; exit-idle-time = 20 ; scache-idle-time = 20 ; dl-search-path = (depends on architecture) ; load-default-script-file = yes ; default-script-file = ; log-target = auto ; log-level = notice ; log-meta = no ; log-time = no ; log-backtrace = 0 resample-method = speex-float-1 ; enable-remixing = yes ; enable-lfe-remixing = no flat-volumes = no ; rlimit-fsize = -1 ; rlimit-data = -1 ; rlimit-stack = -1 ; rlimit-core = -1 ; rlimit-as = -1 ; rlimit-rss = -1 ; rlimit-nproc = -1 ; rlimit-nofile = 256 ; rlimit-memlock = -1 ; rlimit-locks = -1 ; rlimit-sigpending = -1 ; rlimit-msgqueue = -1 ; rlimit-nice = 31 ; rlimit-rtprio = 9 ; rlimit-rttime = 1000000 ; default-sample-format = s16le ; default-sample-rate = 44100 ; default-sample-channels = 6 ; default-channel-map = front-left,front-right default-fragments = 8 default-fragment-size-msec = 10

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  • Problem creating a database with PHP PDO

    - by Leandro Alonso
    Hello guys, I'm having a problem with a SQL query in my PHP Application. When the user access it for the first time, the app executes this query to create all the database: CREATE TABLE `databases` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL auto_increment, `driver` varchar(45) NOT NULL, `server` text NOT NULL, `user` text NOT NULL, `password` text NOT NULL, `database` varchar(200) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=2 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `modules` -- CREATE TABLE `modules` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `title` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `type` varchar(150) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=29 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `modules_data` -- CREATE TABLE `modules_data` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL auto_increment, `module_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `key` varchar(150) NOT NULL, `value` tinytext, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `fk_modules_data_modules` (`module_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=184 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `modules_position` -- CREATE TABLE `modules_position` ( `user_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `tab_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `module_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `column` smallint(1) default NULL, `line` smallint(1) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`tab_id`,`module_id`), KEY `fk_modules_order_users` (`user_id`), KEY `fk_modules_order_tabs` (`tab_id`), KEY `fk_modules_order_modules` (`module_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `tabs` -- CREATE TABLE `tabs` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `title` varchar(60) NOT NULL, `columns` smallint(1) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=12 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `tabs_has_modules` -- CREATE TABLE `tabs_has_modules` ( `tab_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `module_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`tab_id`,`module_id`), KEY `fk_tabs_has_modules_tabs` (`tab_id`), KEY `fk_tabs_has_modules_modules` (`module_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `users` -- CREATE TABLE `users` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `login` varchar(60) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(64) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(250) default NULL, `user_level` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `fk_users_user_levels` (`user_level`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=4 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `users_has_tabs` -- CREATE TABLE `users_has_tabs` ( `user_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `tab_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `order` smallint(2) NOT NULL, `columns_width` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`tab_id`), KEY `fk_users_has_tabs_users` (`user_id`), KEY `fk_users_has_tabs_tabs` (`tab_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `user_levels` -- CREATE TABLE `user_levels` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `level` smallint(2) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ; -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- Table structure for table `user_meta` -- CREATE TABLE `user_meta` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `user_id` bigint(20) unsigned default NULL, `key` varchar(150) NOT NULL, `value` longtext NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `fk_user_meta_users` (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=4 ; -- -- Constraints for dumped tables -- -- -- Constraints for table `modules_data` -- ALTER TABLE `modules_data` ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_modules_data_modules` FOREIGN KEY (`module_id`) REFERENCES `modules` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- -- Constraints for table `modules_position` -- ALTER TABLE `modules_position` ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_modules_order_modules` FOREIGN KEY (`module_id`) REFERENCES `modules` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_modules_order_tabs` FOREIGN KEY (`tab_id`) REFERENCES `tabs` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION, ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_modules_order_users` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- -- Constraints for table `users` -- ALTER TABLE `users` ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_users_user_levels` FOREIGN KEY (`user_level`) REFERENCES `user_levels` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- -- Constraints for table `user_meta` -- ALTER TABLE `user_meta` ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_user_meta_users` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION; INSERT INTO `user_levels` VALUES(1, 10); INSERT INTO `user_levels` VALUES(2, 1); INSERT INTO `users` VALUES(1, 'admin', 'password', '[email protected]', NULL, 1); INSERT INTO `user_meta` VALUES (NULL, 1, 'last_tab', 1); In some environments i get this error: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table 'dms.databases' (errno: 150) I tried everything that I could find on Google but nothing works. The strange part is that if I run this query in PhpMyAdmin he creates my database, without any error.

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  • Routing RFC1918 addresses through dd-wrt via a switch

    - by espenfjo
    I am a bit stuck with an experiment of mine. I have a network looking somewhat like this. | Internet | | ---- |Switch| ---- | | Server w/pub IP | DD-WRT router 192.168.1.1 | | RFC1918 clients 192.168.1.0/24 What I want is for the RFC1918 clients to speak directly with each others. On the server with the public IP I have this route: 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 scope link and can see that packets are infact reaching the dd-wrt router for 192.168.1.1, even though if I get no answer. Trying to reach one of the RFC1918 clients from the public IP server will get no result, as the dd-wrt router is not announcing that network on to its external interface (arp who-has 192.168.1.107 tell xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, but no answer). The router being an WLAN dd-wrt router has of course a load of routes, VLANs and interfaces: xxx.xxx.xxx.1 dev vlan2 scope link 192.168.1.0/24 dev br0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.244 84.215.64.0/18 dev vlan2 proto kernel scope link src xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 169.254.0.0/16 dev br0 proto kernel scope link src 169.254.255.1 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo scope link 0.0.0.0 via xxx.xxx.xxx.1 dev vlan2 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx being the public IP, and xxx.xxx.xxx.1 being the default route for the public IP. I am not sure where to continue with this. I would recon that I both need routing on the dd-wrt router, as well as some iptables magic? Why do something this complex? Why not ;) Also, do not mind that "Internet" can get RFC1918 traffic, it wont go outside of the walls. EDIT 1: Following the tip from stew I do indeed get the correct ARP flowing. And adding an iptables rule for allowing traffic from that specific public IPd machine I get traffic between the systems! Oddly enough though, the speed I get from Server w/pub IP - RFC1918 clients are the same as if the traffic were routed out onto the Internet and back. Edit 2: Ok, disconnecting the external Internet connection will still give the same, crappy transfer speed. So it has to be something else. Edit 3: Ok, I guess there are other reasons for this crappy speed. Case closed. :)

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  • What C++ library do I need to get this program to compile

    - by Phenom
    When I try to compile my program I get these errors: btio.c:19: error: ‘O_RDWR’ was not declared in this scope btio.c:19: error: ‘open’ was not declared in this scope btio.c: In function ‘short int create_tree()’: btio.c:56: error: ‘creat’ was not declared in this scope btio.c: In function ‘short int create_tree(int, int)’: btio.c:71: error: ‘creat’ was not declared in this scope what library do I need to include to fix these errors?

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  • BeanDefinition class removed in Spring 4?

    - by mushtaq
    I am trying out the new Spring 4 release, and I found out that the BeanDefinition interface has been removed, if so what is the replacement class we should use in a scenario where we define a scope for a bean ? Prior to Spring release of 4 you could do this. @Bean @Scope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE) class MyBean{ ... } EDIT As of Spring 4, can't you specify the spring bean scope in the @Scope Annotation, the only option given is to add a string and then the ProxyMode ?

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  • Trying to understand the usage of class_eval

    - by eMxyzptlk
    Hello everyone, I'm using the rails-settings gem, and I'm trying to understand how you add functions to ActiveRecord classes (I'm building my own library for card games), and I noticed that this gem uses one of the Meta-programming techniques to add the function to the ActiveRecord::Base class (I'm far from Meta-programming master in ruby, but I'm trying to learn it) module RailsSettings class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer 'rails_settings.initialize', :after => :after_initialize do Railtie.extend_active_record end end class Railtie def self.extend_active_record ActiveRecord::Base.class_eval do def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end end end What I don't understand is why he uses class_eval on ActiveRecord::Base, wasn't it easier if he just open the ActiveRecord::Base class and define the functions? Specially that there's nothing dynamic in the block (What I mean by dynamic is when you do class_eval or instance_eval on a string containing variables) something like this: module ActiveRecord class Base def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end I understand the second class_eval (before the def settings) is to define functions on the fly on every class that 'has_settings' right ? Same question here, I think he could use "def self.settings" instead of "class_eval.... def settings", no ?

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  • IOC/Autofac problem

    - by Krazzy
    I am currently using Autofac, but am open to commentary regarding other IOC containers as well. I would prefer a solution using Autofac if possible. I am also somewhat new to IOC so I may be grossly misunderstanding what I should be using an IOC container for. Basically, the situation is as follows: I have a topmost IOC container for my app. I have a tree of child containers/scopes where I would like the same "service" (IWhatever) to resolve differently depending on which level in the tree it is resolved. Furthermore if a service is not registered at some level in the tree I would like the tree to be transversed upward until a suitable implementation is found. Furthermore, when constructing a given component, it is quite possible that I will need access to the parent container/scope. In many cases the component that I'm registering will have a dependency on the same or a different service in a parent scope. Is there any way to express this dependency with Autofac? Something like: builder.Register(c=> { var parentComponent = ?.Resolve<ISomeService>(); var childComponent = new ConcreteService(parentComponent, args...); return childComponent; }).As<ISomeService>(); I can't get anything similar to the above pseudocode to work for serveral reasons: A) It seems that all levels in the scope tree share a common set of registrations. I can't seem to find a way to make a given registration confined a certain "scope". B) I can't seem to find a way to get a hold of the parent scope of a given scope. I CAN resolve ILifetimeScope in the container and then case it to a concrete LifetimeScope instance which provides its parent scope, but I'm guessing it is probably note meant to be used this way. Is this safe? C) I'm not sure how to tell Autofac which container owns the resolved object. For many components I would like component to be "owned" by the scope in which it is constructed. Could tagged contexts help me here? Would I have to tag every level of the tree with a unique tag? This would be difficult because the tree depth is determined at runtime. Sorry for the extremely lengthy question. In summary: 1) Is there any way to do what I want to do using Autofac? 2) Is there another container more suited to this kind of dependency structure? 3) Is IOC the wrong tool for this altogether?

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  • Why does Django's dev server use port 8000 by default?

    - by kojiro
    (My question isn't really about Django. It's about alternative http ports. I just happen to know Django is a relatively famous application that uses 8000 by default, so it's illustrative.) I have a dev server in the wild that we occasionally need to run multiple httpd services on on different ports. When I needed to stand a third service up and we were already using ports 80 and 8080, I discovered our security team has locked port 8000 access from the Internet. I recognize that port 80 is the standard http port, and 8080 is commonly http_alt, but I'd like to make the case to our security team to open 8000 as well. In order to make that case, I hope the answer to this question can provide me with a reasonable argument for using port 8000 over 8080 in some case. Or was it just a random choice with no meaning?

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  • How do I set a default host for nginx?

    - by ulf
    I'm trying to figure out how to set a default host for my nginx installation. I found this article in the nginx Wiki: http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxVirtualHostExample#A_Default_Catchall_Virtual_Host Unfortunately, this doesn’t work. After restarting I get this: Restarting nginx: nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "http" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/catchall:1 nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed After removing the http directive I get this: Restarting nginx: nginx: [emerg] unknown log format "main" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/catchall:7 nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed I’m on Ubuntu 10.04.3 where I’m using the official nginx PPA. Version 1.0.9 of nginx is running.

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  • CentOS default never fsck root partition on start up?

    - by wwwpanda
    Most documentation or sites will say use "tune2fs -l " to check if the system will do fsck on the system partitions on next boot, in particular, should look at "Mount count" and "Maximum mount count" values. However, I notice for default CentOS 5 or 6 installation, when I check against the root partition, I always noticed something like this from tune2fs output: ... Mount count: 91 Maximum mount count: -1 Last checked: Thu Oct 29 18:48:14 2009 Check interval: 0 (<none>) ... i.e. the max. mount count is set to "-1". That makes me wonder does it mean CentOS (or Red Hat) won't check the root partition at all? I check the fstab, the last number for root partition is still "1" as usual. If the OS does fsck the root partition during startup, how can I tell when (i.e. after how many reboots or when) will the OS will start fsck the root parition during startup?

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  • In Ubuntu, how do I change my default Greek font?

    - by Matthew
    I'm taking a course in ancient Greek, and I store notes and flash cards on my computer. However, by default Ubuntu uses a modern Greek font. This changes some noticable things--for example, a circumflex is ? instead of a?. I can type the circumflex by switching back to english and entering the unicode combining character u0311 (which is what I just did to type the second a), but obviously this is very cumbersome. I've installed the "ttf-linex" package from the Ubuntu repositories, which claims to include an ancient Greek font. But I have no idea how to enable this font for whenever I switch to the Greek keyboard layout.

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  • What would interfere with changing the default application for opening files on OS X?

    - by Michael Prescott
    I know how to change the default application for opening files. I select a file in Finder, right-click and select Get Info from the context menu. In the file's Info window, expand the Open with: panel. In that panel is a combo box that says, in my case, Adobe Flash CS4. I click the combo box and select Flash Player. It changes. Then I click the Change All... button. A dialog pops up and says: Are you sure you want to change all similar documents to open with the application “Adobe Flash CS4”? This change will apply to all documents with extension “.swf”. Cancel/Continue Well, clicking Continue does exactly what the message says. It sets the Finder to open all swf files with Adobe Flash CS4. What is going on? Why doesn't the message say, .... "Flash Player"

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  • How to get back to having OPEN IN SINGLE INSTANCE" as default for Excel 2007?

    - by rweeks
    In June Mikhail asked the same question but the answer was how to do the opposite (make multiple instances the default). I am trying to get to an answer to Mikhail's question which I rephrase as :- I have same problem with 64 byte Windows 7 and Excel 2007. Excel always used to open in a single instance n o matter how/where I opened the sheets. Because of this I could always copy and paste, etc with full formatting, formulas, etc. Suddenly, Excel switched to opening everything in fresh, separate, multiple instances and destroyed the basic cut and paste options. Wasn't the original question how to go back to everything in a single instance ? I have been searching for the answer to that question (rather than the opposite) Richard

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  • How can I download django-1.2 and use it across multiple sites when the system default is 1.1?

    - by meder
    I'm on Debian Lenny and the latest backports django is 1.1.1 final. I don't want to use sid so I probably have to download django. I have my sites located at: /www/ and I plan on using mod_wsgi with Apache2 as a reverse proxy from nginx. Now that I downloaded pip and virtualenv through pip, can someone explain how I could get my /www/ sites which are yet to be made to all use django-1.2? Question 1.1: Where do you suggest I download django-1.2? I know you can store it anywhere but where would you store it? Question 1.2: After installing it how do you actually tie that django-1.2 instead of the system default django 1.2 to the reverse proxied Apache conf? I would prefer it if answers were more specific than vague and have examples of setups.

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  • Can someone explain the "use-cases" for the default munin graphs?

    - by exhuma
    When installing munin, it activates a default set of plugins (at least on ubuntu). Alternatively, you can simply run munin-node-configure to figure out which plugins are supported on your system. Most of these plugins plot straight-forward data. My question is not to explain the nature of the data (well... maybe for some) but what is it that you look for in these graphs? It is easy to install munin and see fancy graphs. But having the graphs and not being able to "read" them renders them totally useless. I am going to list standard plugins which are enabled by default on my system. So it's going to be a long list. For completeness, I am also going to list plugins which I think to understand and give a short explanation as to what I think it's used for. Pleas correct if I am wrong with any of them. So let me split this questions in three parts: Plugins where I don't even understand the data Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for Plugins which I think to understand Plugins where I don't even understand the data These may contain questions that are not necessarily aimed at munin alone. Not understanding the data usually mean a gap in fundamental knowledge on operating systems/hardware.... ;) Feel free to respond with a "giyf" answer. These are plugins where I can only guess what's going on... I hardly want to look at these "guessing"... Disk IOs per device (IOs/second)What's an IO. I know it stands for input/output. But that's as far as it goes. Disk latency per device (Average IO wait)Not a clue what an "IO wait" is... IO Service TimeThis one is a huge mess, and it's near impossible to see something in the graph at all. Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for IOStat (blocks/second read/written)I assume, the thing to look out for in here are spikes? Which would mean that the device is in heavy use? Available entropy (bytes)I assume that this is important for random number generation? Why would I graph this? So far the value has always been near constant. VMStat (running/I/O sleep processes)What's the difference between this one and the "processes" graph? Both show running/sleeping processes, whereas the "Processes" graph seems to have more details. Disk throughput per device (bytes/second read/written) What's thedifference between this one and the "IOStat" graph? inode table usageWhat should I look for in this graph? Plugins which I think to understand I'll be guessing some things here... correct me if I am wrong. Disk usage in percent (percent)How much disk space is used/remaining. As this is approaching 100%, you should consider cleaning up or extend the partition. This is extremely important for the root partition. Firewall Throughput (packets/second)The number of packets passing through the firewall. If this is spiking for a longer period of time, it could be a sign of a DOS attack (or we are simply recieving a large file). It can also give you an idea about your firewall performance. If it's levelling out and you need more "power" you should consider load balancing. If it's levelling out and see a correlation with your CPU load, it could also mean that your hardware is not fast enough. Correlations with disk usage could point to excessive LOG targets in you FW config. eth0 errors (packets in/out)Network errors. If this value is increasing, it could be a sign of faulty hardware. eth0 traffic (bits/second in/out)Raw network traffic. This should correlate with Firewall throughput. number of threadsAn ever-increasing value might point to a process not properly closing threads. Investigate! processesBreakdown of active processes (including sleeping). A quick spike in here might point to a fork-bomb. A slowly, but ever-increasing value might point to an application spawning sub-processes but not properly closing them. Investigate using ps faux. process priorityThis shows the distribution of process priorities. Having only high-priority processes is not of much use. Consider de-prioritizing some. cpu usageFairly straight-forward. If this is spiking, you may have an attack going on, or a process is hogging the CPU. Idf it's slowly increasing and approaching max in normal operations, you should consider upgrading your hardware (or load-balancing). file table usageNumber of actively open files. If this is reaching max, you may have a process opening, but not properly releasing files. load averageShows an summarized value for the system load. Should correlate with CPU usage. Increasing values can come from a number of sources. Look for correlations with other graphs. memory usageA graphical representation of you memory. As long as you have a lot of unused+cache+buffers you are fine. swap in/outShows the activity on your swap partition. This should always be 0. If you see activity on this, you should add more memory to your machine!

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