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• How to distill / rasterize a PDF in Linux

  - by Sampo

  We have a printer at our office that prints PDF files from a USB stick. It prints most files okay, but it has problems with some, especially ones generated with Latex. Some PDFs it simply refuses to print, some PDFs it prints with courier-type font, and some it prints fine except for equations. I'm looking for a way to "distill" PDFs into a dead-sure format to print. Either by simplifying / normalizing the PDF to the point that any renderer will render it correctly, or by simply making each page a 600dpi raster image in the PDF. (I could split the PDF into individual raster images and combine them manually, but I want something scriptable.) The output file size doesn't matter, as long as it's sure to print, has A4 paper size (or the original) and 300~600dpi resolution.

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• Linux as a router for public networks

  - by nixnotwin

  My ISP had given me a /30 network. Later, when I wanted more public ips, I requested for a /29 network. I was told to keep using my earlier /30 network on the interface which is facing ISP, and the newly given /29 network should be used on the other interface which connects to my NAT router and servers. This is what I got from the isp: WAN IP: 179.xxx.4.128/30 CUSTOMER IP : 179.xxx.4.130 ISP GATEWAY IP:179.xxx.4.129 SUBNET : 255.255.255.252 LAN IPS: 179.xxx.139.224/29 GATEWAY IP :179.xxx.139.225 SUBNET : 255.255.255.248 I have a Ubuntu pc which has two interfaces. So I am planning to do the following: eth0 will be given 179.xxx.4.130/30 gateway 179.xxx.4.129 eth1 will be given 179.xxx.139.225/29 And I will have the following in the /etc/sysctl.conf: net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 These will be iptables rules: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT My clients which have the ips 179.xxx.139.226/29 and 179.xxx.139.227/29 will be made to use 179.xxx.139.225/29 as gateway. Will this configuration work for me? Any comments? If it works, what iptables rules can I use to have a bit of security? P.S. Both networks are non-private and there is no NATing.

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• SAMBA and Linux ACLs -- "Permission denied" on write to share but file written nevertheless

  - by MCH

  I set up a writable share directory "/home/net/share" with acl like this: sudo mkdir -p "/home/net/share" sudo setfacl -m "u:localuser:rwx,u:remoteuser:rwx,g:users:rwx" "/home/net/share" My /etc/samba/smb.conf looks like this: [global] workgroup = w server string = server security = user load printers = no log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log max log size = 50 dns proxy = no printing = bsd printcap name = /dev/null disable spoolss = yes encrypt passwords = true invalid users = nobody root follow symlinks = yes wide links = yes [share] comment = Writable by localuser and remoteuser path = /home/net/share valid users = remoteuser read only = no public = no printable = no Locally, localuser and remoteuser have user accounts and smbpasswds and can both read, create and delete files in /home/net/share. But when I log on from a different machine (like this: sudo mount -t cifs //server/share mountpoint/ -o username=remoteuser ), I get "Permission denied" both when trying to create directories and files, oddly though, it does create files (not directories!) despite these messages! How can I get this working?

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• linux multipath routing load balance

  - by user52883

  I would like to know how to load balance two Business DLS links which have fixed IPs. I believe it would look something like this: ip route add default scope global \ nexthop via gatewayDLS1 dev interface1 weight 1 \ nexthop via gatewayDLS2 dev interface2 weight 1 Is this be all I need in order to get multipath routing? Please, give me a more detailed answer if possible, thanks you.

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• Looking for a Linux stream ripper that can be scheduled

  - by Anthony D

  I have an MP3 stream I want to schedule a recording of. I can do it using wget to a file, its just a straight mp3 stream. However I'd like to use a command line stream ripper that will do a better job. Any one know of one? Update 1 WGET is grabbing whatever part of the stream it comes in on. This may not really be the start of a frame in the MP3 file. Also, wget is not really schedule ready. I experimented with starting it with a cron job, then killing it later, this produced a file that didn't really start and stop where I wanted.

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• Recursive rm with condition in Linux

  - by zengr

  I have the following folder structure: parent - folder1 - main1.x - main1.y - main1.z - main1-626262.x - main1-626263.x - main1-626264.x - main1-626265.x - main1-626266.x - main1-626267.x - folder2 - main2.x - main2.y - main2.z - main2-726262.x - main2-726263.x - main2-726264.x - main2-726265.x - main2-726266.x - main2-726267.x Now, I want to remove: main-*********.x So, my required folder structure: parent - folder1 - main1.x - main1.y - main1.z - folder2 - main2.x - main2.y - main2.z So, how can I achieve this?

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• How to find what is written to filesystem under linux

  - by bardiir

  How can i find out what processes write to a specific disc over time? In my particular case I got a little homeserver running 24/7 and I included a script in the crontab to shutdown all drives that are not used (no change in /proc/diskstats for 15 minutes). But my system disc won't come down at all. I'm suspecting logs but it's probably not only logs writing to the filesystem on the system disk and I don't want to go all the way moving the logfiles to something else just to find out the disc still doesn't spin down and there's nothing i can do against it.

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• Windows 7 Virtual PC + Linux Ubuntu

  - by Daniel Henry

  I've installed Ubuntu inside a virtual machine running on Windows 7's Virtual PC. One thing I've noticed right away is that it has to capture the mouse and not all the hardware works as expected. I didn't have such problems in my virtual Windows XP. Is there anything I need to do to either Virtual PC or within Ubuntu that will get them to cooperate as well as Windows XP seems to?

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• copy files created in one folder to multiple other folders on linux

  - by Keith

  I'm looking for a way to copy photos that are uploaded to one folder to many other folders and visa versa. Example: a photo is uploaded to folder 1, it is then copied to folders 2-5. And if a photo is uploaded to folder 2 it is copied to folders 1 and 3-5. I'm running CentOS 5. All of these folders are on the same server. I came across another post on here that talked about incron, but that type of programming is over my head.

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• Linux: grab audio from a video clip

  - by liori

  Hello, I'd like to take audio track from a video clip in FLV container and save it to something playable by portable music players. Are there any easy to use tools for that? I know how to do that using console tools (mplayer+lame/oggenc), but I'd like to get something clickable, preferably for GNOME. Thanks!

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• new linux windows open behind existing windows

  - by Poul

  I'm running ubuntu and I have a strange issue where any new window I open (open office doc, pidgeon window, etc) open behind current windows. this is frustrating, especially for IM windows as I often don't see the window. Has anyone ever had this issue, and know how to resolve it? Thanks!

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• New Windows 2008 server on Linux Domain

  - by DevNULL

  We just installed a Windows 2008 Enterprise server and I'm having a problem joining the domain. We're running Ubuntu Server, OpenLdap with Samba shares. Does anyone know of reference material where I can find information about getting this server to properly join our domain. I've tried googling various boolean searches with poor results.

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• linux + match only VALID IP from text file into other file

  - by yael

  please advice how to match only the valid IPs ( 255.255.255.255 ) from the file.txt and insert only the valid IP into VALID_IP.txt file ( see VALID_IP.txt for example ) the solution should be implemented in my ksh script ( so perl or sed or awk is fine also ) more file.txt e32)5.500.5.5*kjcdr ##@$1.1.1.1+++jmjh 1.1.1.1333 33331.1.1.1 @5.5.5.?????? ~3de.ede5.5.5.5 1.1.1.13444r54 192.9.30.174 &&^#%5.5.5.5 :5.5.5.5@%%^^&* :5.5.5.5: **22.22.22.22 172.78.0.1()*5.4.3.277 example of VALID_IP.txt file 1.1.1.1 192.9.30.174 5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5 22.22.22.22 172.78.0.1

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• How to record screencast on Linux with mouse clicks and key hits shown

  - by zalun

  Basically I'm looking for an application to record a series of tutorials for a program I wrote. It's important to show the actions like mouse click, mouse right click, and all what's coming out from the keyboard. In the similar way to this video http://www.flickr.com/photos/jannis/3246408003/ which is made using OSX and ScreenFlick www.araelium.com/screenflick/ Is there such an option? Thanks

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• configuring linux server firewall to allow acces on a certain range of IP addresses

  - by eggman20

  Hi Guys, I'm not sure if this is the right place to ask this but I'm currently trying to get an Ubuntu 10.10 server up and running for the first time and I'm using Webmin for administration. I'm stuck on the setting up the firewall. What I need to do is to ONLY allow a range of IPs (e.g 128.171.21.1 - 128.171.21.100) to access the HTTP server and Webmin. I've seen a lot of tutorials but none of them fits what I needed. Thanks in advance!

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• using gettext at arm-linux system

  - by savant

  I need to use gettext for web-interface localization. Translation saved in unicode and formatted with msgedit. when I try to execute something like #LC_MESSAGES=ru_RU.utf8 gettext -d domain "Sample text" then i get string like "?????? ????" where "?" is 0x3f symbol. What I forgot to do?

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• High Load average threshold in linux

  - by user2481010

  My one of friend said that his server load average sometime goes above 500-1000, for me it is strange value because I never saw load average more than 10. I asked him give me some snapshot of top and memory usages, he gave following details: TOP USAGES top - 06:06:03 up 117 days, 23:02, 2 users, load average: 147.37, 44.57, 15.95 Tasks: 116 total, 2 running, 113 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 16.6%us, 6.9%sy, 0.0%ni, 9.2%id, 66.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.8%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8161648k total, 7779528k used, 382120k free, 3296k buffers Swap: 5242872k total, 1293072k used, 3949800k free, 168660k cached Free $ free -gt total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 7 6 1 0 0 4 -/+ buffers/cache: 1 5 Swap: 4 0 4 Total: 12 6 6 Total cpu $ nproc 8 my question is it possible load average more than 100 on 8 core,12 GB mem Server? because I read many tutorial,article on load average, it said that thumb rule is "number of cores = max load" according to thumb rule here is max load average 16 then how his server running with 147.37 load server? he said that it is least value (147.37) some time goes more than 500.

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• Adding local users / passwords on Kerberized Linux box

  - by Brian

  Right now if I try to add a non-system user not in the university's Kerberos realm I am prompted for a Kerberos password anyway. Obviously there is no password to be entered, so I just press enter and see: passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged Typing passwd newuser has the same issue with the same message. I tried using pwconv in the hopes that only a shadow entry was needed, but it changed nothing. I want to be able to add a local user not in the realm and give them a local password without being bothered about Kerberos. I am on Ubuntu 10.04. Here are my /etc/pam.d/common-* files (the defaults that Ubuntu's pam-auth-update package generates): account # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) account [success=1 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so # here's the fallback if no module succeeds account requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around account required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) account required pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 # end of pam-auth-update config auth # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass # here's the fallback if no module succeeds auth requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around auth required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) # end of pam-auth-update config password # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) password requisite pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 password [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so obscure use_authtok try_first_pass sha512 # here's the fallback if no module succeeds password requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around password required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) # end of pam-auth-update config session # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) session [default=1] pam_permit.so # here's the fallback if no module succeeds session requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around session required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) session optional pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 session required pam_unix.so # end of pam-auth-update config

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• linux wtmp file was enormous

  - by sheepsimulator

  So... I discovered that my wtmp file was really big today, like 2.1GB. I deleted it and recreated it, but... Is there any way I can tell logrotate to well, rotate the log?

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• Lazy linux backup system?

  - by Alex

  Ok, so I want to say Time Machine, but that's note exactly what I'm looking for. I want to set up a system that will regularly (hourly?) back up the /home directory of our machine. time Machine style things are naturally preferable since they save space by only saving the changes, but honestly, this is important enough that I can suffer some waste. Any ideas?

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• PCI configuration method error (Linux Kernel)

  - by user326580

  (I'm not sure if here is the best place for that question, so I will be pleased if anyone suggests me a more proper forum for that.) I'm trying to install Ubuntu 12.04.4 in a netbook (from an usb), but the kernel stops very early in initialization process. After two days of research, I've found that it boots with the parameter pci=conf2 but not with the default conf1 method. Nevertheless, after kernel boot, it seems that Ubuntu can't find usb devices and I'm not be able to install it. Trying with Debian, its a graphic installer and I found that the mouse isn't working neither.I think pci devices are not working. I tried about 50% of kernel pci boot options in the kernel-parameters file (in conjunction with the implicit default conf1) without luck. Any suggestions? PS: The problem is the same with kernel 2.6 or 3. (In Spanish) No estoy seguro si éste es el mejor lugar para esta pregunta, por lo cual estaré encantado si alguno me sugiere un mejor lugar para ella. Estoy intentando instalar Ubuntu 12.04.4 en una netbook (desde un usb), pero el kernel se detiene muy temprano en la inicialización. Después de dos días de investigar, encontré que arranca con el parámetro pci=conf2 pero no con método default conf1. Sin embargo después de que el kernel arranca, parece que Ubuntu no logra encontrar los dispositivos usb y no puedo instalar el sistema. Intentando con Debian y su instalador gráfico, encontré que el ratón tampoco funcionaba, así que pienso que los dispositivos pci no están funcionando. Intenté con aproximadamente el 50% de las opciones de arranque del kernel para pci (en conjunción con el método implícito conf1) sin suerte. Alguna idea? PS: El problema es el mismo con el kernel 2.6 o 3.

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• Linux using the link command

  - by Xavier

  Here it goes. I have a folder that contains a not so large amount of space called /data/backup but I have been told that if I link that folder (/data/backup) to an even bigger folder area like /bigdata/backup for example, that I will be able to execute backups to the /data/backup folder because it will be just a link but the data will be seen in both folders and the latter one (/bigdata/backup) will contain the backup results but it will show on both folders and since the /bigdata/backup has far more disk space then the backup will no longer fail because of space problems in the /data/backup one. Is this true? Thanks Xav

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• /dev/shm (shared memory) on linux

  - by Kirzilla

  Hello, Let's imagine that we have 8Gb of RAM on server. I'm mounting /dev/shm with 4Gb on board. mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm Will this memory be strictly reserved for shared memory or if /dev/shm is empty this memory could be used by regular applications (web server, php etc.)? PS:Sorry for my English. I'm asking it because I've just checked df -h and found tmpfs 6.0G 0 6.0G 0% /dev/shm on 8Gb RAM sever. I don't know who made this setup, but it seems to me awful. Thank you!

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• Preferred method for allowing unprivileged UNIX/Linux users to view syslog information

  - by Joshua Hoblitt

  I have some non-privileged "role accounts" that need the ability to view [some of] the local syslogs (eg. /var/log/messages) for debugging purposes. This is explicitly local log data, not remote syslog, logstash, etc. Obviously, there's several ways to address this issue. What I'd like to know is if there is a fairly "standardized" way to solve this issue. Typically, I solve this problem with sudo but either POSIX groups or acls is attractive as it's few chars for the users to type and it removes entries from the sudo log. However, I don't believe I've ever seen that done before. What is your experience? How do large install base sites address this?

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• Prevent Linux from processing incoming ICMP Host unreachable packets

  - by bbc

  I have a test setup with one host on a network (10.1.0.0/16) talking via TCP to another one on another network (10.2.0.0/16) and a gateway in the middle. Sometimes, the TCP connection is lost and while scanning the trace (pcap), I looks like it's because of just one ICMP Host unreachable message sent by the gateway to 10.1.0.1 at some point. 10.1.0.1 then sends a TCP RST to 10.2.0.1. In my opinion, the gateway (pfSense) is broken or not configured correctly but anyway, for testing purposes, I'd like to block this kind of ICMP on the host (10.1.0.1) before it has an influence on my TCP connection (or does it? I'm not even sure). I've tried iptables: iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p icmp --icmp-type host-unreachable -j DROP but while it does a good job at preventing userpace applications like ping from receiving these ICMP messages, my TCP connection still comes to an end when the alleged "killer ICMP packet" is sent by the gateway. Am I right about how it is processed? If yes, then what can I do to achieve my goal?

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