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• Annotate source code with diagrams as comments

  - by Steven Lu

  I write a lot of (primarily c++ and javascript) code that touches upon computational geometry and graphics and those kinds of topics, so I have found that visual diagrams have been an indispensable part of the process of solving problems. I have determined just now that "oh, wouldn't it just be fantastic if I could somehow attach a hand-drawn diagram to a piece of code as a comment", and this would allow me to come back to something I worked on, days, weeks, months earlier and far more quickly re-grok my algorithms. As a visual learner, I feel like this has the potential to improve my productivity with almost every type of programming because simple diagrams can help with understanding and reasoning about any type of non-trivial data structure. Graphs for example. During graph theory class at university I had only ever been able to truly comprehend the graph relationships that I could actually draw diagrammatical representations of. So... No IDE to my knowledge lets you save a picture as a comment to code. My thinking was that I or someone else could come up with some reasonably easy-to-use tool that can convert an image into a base64 binary string which I can then insert into my code. If the conversion/insertion process can be streamlined enough it would allow a far better connection between the diagram and the actual code, so I no longer need to chronographically search through my notebooks. Even more awesome: plugins for the IDEs to automatically parse out and display the image. There is absolutely nothing difficult about this from a theoretical point of view. My guess is that it would take some extra time for me to actually figure out how to extend my favorite IDEs and maintain these plugins, so I'd be totally happy with a sort of code post-processor which would do the same parsing out and rendering of the images and show them side by side with the code, inside of a browser or something. Since I'm a javascript programmer by trade. What do people think? Would anyone pay for this? I would.

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• What problems will I face if I remove the concept of interfaces from my code?

  - by Vishwas Gagrani

  I have been programming for many years but I am still not comfortable with the concept of "Interfaces". I try to use interfaces but many times I don't see a mandatory use for it. I think this is probably because the projects weren't so big, or because interfaces are more useful when teamwork is involved. So, making another attempt to understand the importance of interfaces, here is my question: What problems will I face if I remove the concept of interfaces from my code?

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• How do you educate your teammates without seeming condescending or superior?

  - by Dan Tao

  I work with three other guys; I'll call them Adam, Brian, and Chris. Adam and Brian are bright guys. Give them a problem; they will figure out a way to solve it. When it comes to OOP, though, they know very little about it and aren't particularly interested in learning. Pure procedural code is their MO. Chris, on the other hand, is an OOP guy all the way -- and a cocky, condescending one at that. He is constantly criticizing the work Adam and Brian do and talking to me as if I must share his disdain for the two of them. When I say that Adam and Brian aren't interested in learning about OOP, I suspect Chris is the primary reason. This hasn't bothered me too much for the most part, but there have been times when, looking at some code Adam or Brian wrote, it has pained me to think about how a problem could have been solved so simply using inheritance or some other OOP concept instead of the unmaintainable mess of 1,000 lines of code that ended up being written instead. And now that the company is starting a rather ambitious new project, with Adam assigned to the task of getting the core functionality in place, I fear the result. Really, I just want to help these guys out. But I know that if I come across as just another holier-than-thou developer like Chris, it's going to be massively counterproductive. I've considered: Team code reviews -- everybody reviews everybody's code. This way no one person is really in a position to look down on anyone else; besides, I know I could learn plenty from the other members on the team as well. But this would be time-consuming, and with such a small team, I have trouble picturing it gaining much traction as a team practice. Periodic e-mails to the team -- this would entail me sending out an e-mail every now and then discussing some concept that, based on my observation, at least one team member would benefit from learning about. The downside to this approach is I do think it could easily make me come across as a self-appointed expert. Keeping a blog -- I already do this, actually; but so far my blog has been more about esoteric little programming tidbits than straightforward practical advice. And anyway, I suspect it would get old pretty fast if I were constantly telling my coworkers, "Hey guys, remember to check out my new blog post!" This question doesn't need to be specifically about OOP or any particular programming paradigm or technology. I just want to know: how have you found success in teaching new concepts to your coworkers without seeming like a condescending know-it-all? It's pretty clear to me there isn't going to be a sure-fire answer, but any helpful advice (including methods that have worked as well as those that have proved ineffective or even backfired) would be greatly appreciated. UPDATE: I am not the Team Lead on this team. Chris is. UPDATE 2: Made community wiki to accord with the general sentiment of the community (fancy that).

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• Would knowing Python help with creating iPhone applications?

  - by Josh

  Here is what the apple site says: With Snow Leopard, Mac OS X makes it easy to use scripting languages as full application development tools. Snow Leopard ships with support for the RubyCocoa Bridge and the PyObjC bridge. These two bridges give developers access not only to system APIs, but to Cocoa frameworks such as AppKit and Core Data, enabling you to build fully native Mac OS X applications in Ruby or Python. The RubyCocoa and PyObjC bridges allow you to freely mix code written in Objective-C with code written in the scripting language. You can quickly build prototypes and then optimise by implementing performance-critical pieces in Objective-C. How could Python help in this case?

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• Methods of learning / teaching programming

  - by Mark Avenius

  When I was in school, I had a difficult time getting into programming because of a catch-22 in the learning process: I didn't know how to write anything because I didn't know what keywords and commands meant. For example (as a student, I would think), "what does this using namespace std; thing do anyway? I didn't know what keywords and commands meant because I hadn't written anything. This basically led me to spending countless long night cursing the compiler as I made minor tweaks to my assignments until they would compile (and hopefully perform whatever operation they were supposed to). Is there a teaching/learning method that anyone uses that gets around this catch-22? I am trying to make this non-argumentative, which is why I don't want to know the 'best' method, but rather which methods exist.

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• Junior software developer - How to understand web applications in depth?

  - by nat_gr

  I am currently a junior developer in web applications and specifically in ASP.NET MVC technology. My problem is that the C# senior developer in the company has no experience with this technology and I try to learn without any guidance. I went through all tutorials (e.g music store), codeplex projects and also read Pro ASP.NET MVC 4. However, most of the examples are about CRUD and e-commerce applications. What I don't understand is how dependency injection fits in web applications (I have realized that is not only used for facilitating unit testing) or when I should use a custom model binder or how to model the business logic when there is already a database schema in place. I read the forum quite often and it would very helpful if some experienced developer could give me an insight about how to proceed. Do I need to read some books to understand the overall idea behind web applications? And what kind of application should I start building myself - I don't think it would be useful to create similar examples with the tutorials.

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• Why no client-side HTML include tag?

  - by Xepoch

  I had a question posed to me the other day by another programmer. I remember (a very long time ago) wondering the very same. Why was a browser-side include tag never considered? Or was it? Specifically with a tag that instructed the browser to include additional HTML from other sources. e.g. <include src="http://server/foo/bar.html">. Many folks will make javascript calls and fill innerHTML to accomplish the same, when the same outside a the javascript engine could be accomplished by the browser. It would have been painful to have nested <HTML>s <BODY>s (i.e.) but we have to consider that aspect anywhere anyway.

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• Good resources for learning Rails?

  - by Bobby Tables

  I just finished working through Peter Cooper's "Beginning Ruby". So now I've got a reasonable grounding in the Ruby language and would like to move onto learning Rails. This question's answers give some good pointers, but I'd like to hear some specific reviews of books and online materials. I generally learn best by working through books with good practical/technical examples AND some passive reading content that breaks up the study between practical and reading sessions (this is what made "Beginning Ruby" great for me), but I'm worried that RoR is evolving fast and that any printed book I order might be obsolete by the time I get it and work through it. Is this a fair worry? Or can anyone recommend a good Rails 3 book that should be up to date at least for the next year or so? Also, I had a brief look at some of the online resources from the other questions, and Rails for Zombies seems to get a lot of praise. Has anyone here actually used it as their introductory guide to Rails? Basically I'd like to hear first-hand accounts of people who went through this "Ruby-to-Rails" learning phase recently and which materials were useful to you.

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• Stack Trace Logger [migrated]

  - by Chris Okyen

  I need to write a parent Java class that classes using recursion can extend. The parent class will be be able to realize whenever the call stack changes ( you enter a method, temporarily leave it to go to another method call, or you are are finsihed with the method ) and then print it out. I want it to print on the console, but clear the console as well every time so it shows the stack horizantaly so you can see the height of each stack to see what popped off and what popped on... Also print out if a baseline was reached for recursive functions. First. How can I using the StackTraceElements and Thread classes to detect automatically whenever the stack has popped or pushed an element on without calling it manually? Second, how would I do the clearing thing? For instance , if I had the code: public class recursion(int i) { private static void recursion(int i) { if( i < 10) System.out.println('A'); else { recursion(i / 10 ); System.out.println('B'); } } public static void main(String[] argv) { recursion(102); } } It would need to print out the stack when entering main(), when entering recursion(102) from main(), when it enters recursion(102 / 10), which is recursion(10), from recursion(102), when it enters recursion(10 / 10), which is recursion(1) from recursion(10). Print out a message out when it reaches the baseline recursion(1).. then print out the stacks of reversed revisitation of function recursion(10), recursion(102) and main(). finally print out we are exiting main().

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• Additional useful skill?

  - by Sergey

  Almost each language has some additional technology or skill or whatever which can work in a pair with it but still be something fresh. For example, Java + Flex. It's a good pair - those who learn Java and want something both useful and new may try Flex. What are "pairs" for the most popular languages(Java, C#, C++, etc.)? PS: Most people advise learning functional programming as an additional skill but this is very fuzzy. They talk about such abstract things as wide programming perspective and other things, but you can hardly say whether these functional skills will be really needed. Yeah, maybe some basics of it can be useful, but serious learning of LISP seems not perspective.

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• High level vs. low level programming. Do I really have to choose?

  - by EpsilonVector

  Every once in a while I'm asked in interviews which I like the best- low level or high level. It seems to me that the implicit message is that they are both a specialty and they want to know which direction I'm heading. The trouble is, I seem to like both. Low level is extremely challenging and often requires a great deal of esoteric knowledge. High level is where all the sexy things happen: applications that people use directly, results that can be easily demonstrated (showed off) in a way that is accessible to everybody, and you get to work with really advanced tools and interact with new technologies. I would really love to do both, even if it means alternating between them (I doubt there are jobs that will let me do both simultaneously), but I'm guessing that the industry rewards specialists more than generalists. Will it really be problematic career wise if I never choose one over the other? Is it practical to alternate between the two in the sense that if I were to leave a job doing one of them, I should experience no "friction" trying to get a job doing the other (assuming I'm reasonably in the loop)? Are there career opportunities where you get to do both? Do I really have to choose one over the other?

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• unit testing variable state explicit tests in dynamically typed languages

  - by kris welsh

  I have heard that a desirable quality of unit tests is that they test for each scenario independently. I realised whilst writing tests today that when you compare a variable with another value in a statement like: assertEquals("foo", otherObject.stringFoo); You are really testing three things: The variable you are testing exists and is within scope. The variable you are testing is the expected type. The variable you are testing's value is what you expect it to be. Which to me raises the question of whether you should test for each of these implicitly so that a test fail would occur on the specific line that tests for that problem: assertTrue(stringFoo); assertTrue(stringFoo.typeOf() == "String"); assertEquals("foo", otherObject.stringFoo); For example if the variable was an integer instead of a string the test case failure would be on line 2 which would give you more feedback on what went wrong. Should you test for this kind of thing explicitly or am i overthinking this?

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• Block elements vs inline elements in HTML: why the distinction?

  - by EpsilonVector

  The distinction between block and inline elements always seemed strange to me. The whole difference is that a block element takes up the entire width thus forcing a line break before and after the element, and an inline element only takes up as much as the content. Why not just have one type of element- an inline element where you can also apply custom height/width, and use that? You want line breaks? Insert a <br />, or maybe add a special tag in the CSS for that behavior. The way it's now, I don't see it solving any problem, and instead it only forces a property that in my opinion should be decided by a designer. So why the two types?

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• Stack vs queue -based programming language efficiency [closed]

  - by Core Xii

  Suppose there are two programming languages; one where the only form of storage is one (preferred) or two (may be required for Turing-completeness) stacks, and another where the only form of storage is a single queue, with appropriate instructions in each to manipulate their respective storage to achieve Turing-completeness. Which one can more efficiently encode complex algorithms? Such that most given algorithms take less code to implement, less time to compute and less memory to do so. Also, how do they compare to a language with a traditional array (or unbounded tape, if you will) as storage?

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• Is there a very simple XML Editor/Viewer?

  - by Paul Spangle

  Part of our support job is to look at XML documents sent to our systems by our clients that have failed to load correctly. I do this by pasting the file in to Visual Studio as an XML file and VS colours it and adds line-breaks, indenting, etc. and it's then usually quite simple to spot the error and manually fix it and resubmit the document. Do I really have to use Visual Studio to do this? OK, it does the job quite well, but I'd have thought that something like Notepad++ would do the job just as well with a fraction of the machine resource usage. Is there are plugin for Notepad++ or another bit of freeware that can make XML look pretty and let me make simple edits?

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• WCF or ASMX WebService

  - by karthi

  I have been asked to create a web service that communicates with Auth.NET CIM and Shipsurance API. This web service will be used by multiple applications (one a desktop and another a web application). Am confused whether to go for WCF or asmx web service . Auth.NET CIM and Shipsurance API have asmx webservices which i would be calling in my newly created web service.So is WCF the right way to Go or can i stay with asmx? Can Some one please guide. Let me know if this question is inappropriate here and needs to be moved to stackoverflow or somewhere else.

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• How to introduce versioning for questions on Stack*? [closed]

  - by András Szepesházi

  What today is the best answer for any given question, yesterday was not available and tomorrow will be obsolete. Especially when we're talking about software development. Here is an example for you (there must be thousands, this one is absolutely imaginary): Q: What is the best way to implement autocomplete in javascript? A: (2000) Whut? A: (2007) Write a custom ajax function, display the results after processing A: (2011) Use this plugin: http://jqueryui.com/demos/autocomplete/ (nono, I'm not a jQuery affiliate, actually I prefer MooTools) What would be your recommendation to introduce versioning for Stack Exchange questions and answers? Is there a need at all for that?

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• Confused about ASP.NET Ajax, jQuery and JavaScript

  - by Mr.Y

  Yesterday, I read couple of chapters on ASP.NET Ajax and jQuery from my ASP.NET 4 book and I found those frameworks pretty interesting and decide to learn more about them. Today, I borrowed some books from library on Ajax and JavaScript. It seems ASP.NET Ajax is different from Ajax and jQuery seems like the "new" JavaScript. Does it mean that I can skip JavaScript and learn jQuery directly? On the other hand, the non-ASP.NET Ajax book I borrowed seems to apply to the client side web programming only and looks quite different from what I learned from ASP.NET Ajax. If I'm an ASP.NET developer, I guess I should stick with ASP.NET Ajax instead of client side Ajax right? What about PHP? Is there a "PHP Ajax" similar to ASP.NET Ajax? It's not that I'm lazy to learn other tools, but I just want to focus on the right ones.

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• Transferring at a large software company: ask boss before or after?

  - by ZNZ

  Out of college I joined a large, well-known software company's consulting arm. I've gained lots of experience with some of the company's products but would like to start doing more development work rather than implementation work (traveling less would be nice, too!). The company has some product development positions that I think I could be a good fit for, but I'm unsure of how to bring it up with my manager. After a bit Googling, there are many conflicted answers on how best to handle transferring departments. When should I tell my current manager that I am interested in pursuing other positions in the company? Before or after applying?

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• Modified Strategy Design Pattern

  - by Samuel Walker

  I've started looking into Design Patterns recently, and one thing I'm coding would suit the Strategy pattern perfectly, except for one small difference. Essentially, some (but not all) of my algorithms, need an extra parameter or two passed to them. So I'll either need to pass them an extra parameter when I invoke their calculate method or store them as variables inside the ConcreteAlgorithm class, and be able to update them before I call the algorithm. Is there a design pattern for this need / How could I implement this while sticking to the Strategy Pattern? I've considered passing the client object to all the algorithms, and storing the variables in there, then using that only when the particular algorithm needs it. However, I think this is both unwieldy, and defeats the point of the strategy pattern. Just to be clear I'm implementing in Java, and so don't have the luxury of optional parameters (which would solve this nicely).

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• Why (not) logic programming?

  - by Anto

  I have not yet heard about any uses of a logical programming language (such as Prolog) in the software industry, nor do I know of usage of it in hobby programming or open source projects. It (Prolog) is used as an academic language to some extent, though (why is it used in academia?). This makes me wonder, why should you use logic programming, and why not? Why is it not getting any detectable industry usage?

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• What to use for simple cross-platform games instead of Flash?

  - by jmh_gr

  In short, for simple games: Is Flash still a good option for browser-based PC clients? It still has 90%+ penetration. What is a good alternative for mobile devices? It HTML5 + JavaScript the choice for mobile? Or does one have to learn a new native language for each target platform? (Android, Apple, Windows Phone)... If you desire further background: There are more blogs about the official demise of mobile Flash than I can count, along with endless useless and vitriolic comments. I'm actually trying to do something practical: build simple games that can be served accross multiple platforms. Several months ago I plopped down $1100 for CS5.5 Web and am wading into Flash. Bummer. My question to people who actually develop simple games and apps: What platform should I use instead? Is Flash still a sensible platform for web-served PC users? For example, let's say I build a simple arcade game that I would like to serve as an app to mobile users and as a browser-based game to PC users. Should I still invest the time and effort to learn and develop in Flash for the PC users, while building a parallel code set in some other language for mobile users? My games are simple enough that it would be annoying but not inconceivable to maintain parallel code sets.

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• Outdoor Programming Jobs...

  - by Rodrick Chapman

  Are there any kinds of jobs that require programming (or at least competency) but take place outdoors for a significant portion of the time? As long as I'm fantasizing, an ideal job would involve programming in a high level language like Haskell, F#, or Scala* for, say, 50% of the time and doing something like digging an irrigation trench the rest of the time. My background: I triple majored in mathematics, philosophy, and history (BS/BA) and have been working as a web developer for the past six years. I love hacking but I'm feeling a bit burned out. *I only chose these languages as examples since, ideally, I'd want to work among high caliber people... but it really doesn't matter.

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• Critique of the IO monad being viewed as a state monad operating on the world

  - by Petr Pudlák

  The IO monad in Haskell is often explained as a state monad where the state is the world. So a value of type IO a monad is viewed as something like worldState -> (a, worldState). Some time ago I read an article (or a blog/mailing list post) that criticized this view and gave several reasons why it's not correct. But I cannot remember neither the article nor the reasons. Anybody knows? Edit: The article seems lost, so let's start gathering various arguments here. I'm starting a bounty to make things more interesting.

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• Where and how to reference composite MVP components?

  - by Lea Hayes

  I am learning about the MVP (Model-View-Presenter) Passive View flavour of MVC. I intend to expose events from view interfaces rather than using the observer pattern to remove explicit coupling with presenter. Context: Windows Forms / Client-Side JavaScript. I am led to believe that the MVP (or indeed MVC in general) pattern can be applied at various levels of a user interface ranging from the main "Window" to an embedded "Text Field". For instance, the model to the text field is probably just a string whereas the model to the "Window" contains application specific view state (like a persons name which resides within the contained text field). Given a more complex scenario: Documentation viewer which contains: TOC navigation pane Document view Search pane Since each of these 4 user interface items are complex and can be reused elsewhere it makes sense to design these using MVP. Given that each of these user interface items comprises of 3 components; which component should be nested? where? who instantiates them? Idea #1 - Embed View inside View from Parent View public class DocumentationViewer : Form, IDocumentationViewerView { public DocumentationViewer() { ... // Unclear as to how model and presenter are injected... TocPane = new TocPaneView(); } protected ITocPaneView TocPane { get; private set; } } Idea #2 - Embed Presenter inside View from Parent View public class DocumentationViewer : Form, IDocumentationViewerView { public DocumentationViewer() { ... // This doesn't seem like view logic... var tocPaneModel = new TocPaneModel(); var tocPaneView = new TocPaneView(); TocPane = new TocPanePresenter(tocPaneModel, tocPaneView); } protected TocPanePresenter TocPane { get; private set; } } Idea #3 - Embed View inside View from Parent Presenter public class DocumentationViewer : Form, IDocumentationViewerView { ... // Part of IDocumentationViewerView: public ITocPaneView TocPane { get; set; } } public class DocumentationViewerPresenter { public DocumentationViewerPresenter(DocumentationViewerModel model, IDocumentationViewerView view) { ... var tocPaneView = new TocPaneView(); var tocPaneModel = new TocPaneModel(model.Toc); var tocPanePresenter = new TocPanePresenter(tocPaneModel, tocPaneView); view.TocPane = tocPaneView; } } Some better idea...

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