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  • Howto Plot "Reverse" Cumulative Frequency Graph With ECDF

    - by neversaint
    I have no problem plotting the following cumulative frequency graph plot like this. library(Hmisc) pre.test <- rnorm(100,50,10) post.test <- rnorm(100,55,10) x <- c(pre.test, post.test) g <- c(rep('Pre',length(pre.test)),rep('Post',length(post.test))) Ecdf(x, group=g, what="f", xlab='Test Results', label.curves=list(keys=1:2)) But I want to show the graph in forms of the "reverse" cumulative frequency of values x ? (i.e. something equivalent to what="1-f"). Is there a way to do it? Other suggestions in R other than using Hmisc are also very much welcomed.

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  • Drupal Multisite - Subdirectory, Shared Hosting

    - by derekerdmann
    I'm trying to set up Drupal multisite in a shared hosting environment. The main site's location looks like http://www.mysite.com/foo/bar/ and my goal is to create another site using the same database at http://www.mysite.com/foo/bar/drupal2. I've created a new folder in the sites directory called www.mysite.com.foo.bar.drupal2 and added the default.settings.php and settings.php files, configured correctly for the environment, and I've set up a symlink from the main site's root to the subdirectory, with this command: ln -s . drupal2 The problem is that when I go to http://www.mysite.com/foo/bar/drupal2, I just get the main site at http://www.mysite.com without triggering the installer. What do I need to change to get the multisite working?

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  • What's wrong with this statement in perl?

    - by benjamin button
    print "$_", join(',',sort keys %$h),"\n"; It's giving me an error below: Use of uninitialized value in string at missing_months.pl line 36. 1,10,11,12 this print statement is present in a for loop as below: foreach my $num ( sort keys %hash ) { my $h = $hash{$num}; print "$_", join(',',sort keys %$h),"\n"; }

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  • Need help with basic optimization problem

    - by ??iu
    I know little of optimization problems, so hopefully this will be didactic for me: rotors = [1, 2, 3, 4...] widgets = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd' ...] assert len(rotors) == len(widgets) part_values = [ (1, 'a', 34), (1, 'b', 26), (1, 'c', 11), (1, 'd', 8), (2, 'a', 5), (2, 'b', 17), .... ] Given a fixed number of widgets and a fixed number of rotors, how can you get a series of widget-rotor pairs that maximizes the total value where each widget and rotor can only be used once?

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  • Why does this bash command take up all space on device?

    - by chelmertz
    Hey! I'm a little new on searching via bash, so feel free to give me suggestions on the methods to use instead of this, which I'll never use again :) I'm searching for occurances of a string, recursively in a directory, with ~50 not-that-large php-files in it; some in current directory, some in directories beneath current dir, three levels of directories down at most. The method I'm using is: find . | xargs grep "module" > module.txt When in simple (one level) directories, this works fine, but in this case, the file became 4 GB large until it filled up all space on the partition :) It wasn't even done yet.. Would someone educate me so I won't embarass myself again?

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  • Are there any platforms where using structure copy on an fd_set (for select() or pselect()) causes p

    - by Jonathan Leffler
    The select() and pselect() system calls modify their arguments (the 'struct fd_set *' arguments), so the input value tells the system which file descriptors to check and the return values tell the programmer which file descriptors are currently usable. If you are going to call them repeatedly for the same set of file descriptors, you need to ensure that you have a fresh copy of the descriptors for each call. The obvious way to do that is to use a structure copy: struct fd_set ref_set_rd; struct fd_set ref_set_wr; struct fd_set ref_set_er; ... ...code to set the reference fd_set_xx values... ... while (!done) { struct fd_set act_set_rd = ref_set_rd; struct fd_set act_set_wr = ref_set_wr; struct fd_set act_set_er = ref_set_er; int bits_set = select(max_fd, &act_set_rd, &act_set_wr, &act_set_er, &timeout); if (bits_set > 0) { ...process the output values of act_set_xx... } } My question: Are there any platforms where it is not safe to do a structure copy of the struct fd_set values as shown? I'm concerned lest there be hidden memory allocation or anything unexpected like that. (There are macros/functions FD_SET(), FD_CLR(), FD_ZERO() and FD_ISSET() to mask the internals from the application.) I can see that MacOS X (Darwin) is safe; other BSD-based systems are likely to be safe, therefore. You can help by documenting other systems that you know are safe in your answers. (I do have minor concerns about how well the struct fd_set would work with more than 8192 open file descriptors - the default maximum number of open files is only 256, but the maximum number is 'unlimited'. Also, since the structures are 1 KB, the copying code is not dreadfully efficient, but then running through a list of file descriptors to recreate the input mask on each cycle is not necessarily efficient either. Maybe you can't do select() when you have that many file descriptors open, though that is when you are most likely to need the functionality.) There's a related SO question - asking about 'poll() vs select()' which addresses a different set of issues from this question.

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  • Passing a hostname of over 255 characters to getaddrinfo causes a getaddrinfo failed: memory allocat

    - by darrickc
    I am currently upgrading our software to support ipv6 and in the meantime I'm expanding hostname/ip fields to the max hostname size. In sun documentation it seems like this can be up to 1025 (netdb.h:#define NI_MAXHOST 1025 - this is the recommended hostname allocation define), but when I pass a hostname of over 255 to getaddrinfo I get "getaddrinfo failed: memory allocation failure". I am testing on a Sol10 box. Ideas?

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  • scheme basic loop

    - by utku
    I'm trying to write a scheme func that behaves in a way similar to a loop. (loop min max func) This loop should perform the func between the range min and max (integers) -- one of an example like this (loop 3 6 (lambda (x) (display (* x x)) (newline))) 9 16 25 36 and I define the function as ( define ( loop min max fn) (cond ((>= max min) ( ( fn min ) ( loop (+ min 1 ) max fn) ) ) ) ) when I run the code I get the result then an error occur. I couldn't handle this error. (loop 3 6 (lambda (x) (display(* x x))(newline))) 9 16 25 36 Backtrace: In standard input: 41: 0* [loop 3 6 #] In utku1.scheme: 9: 1 (cond ((= max min) ((fn min) (loop # max fn)))) 10: 2 [# ... 10: 3* [loop 4 6 #] 9: 4 (cond ((= max min) ((fn min) (loop # max fn)))) 10: 5 [# ... 10: 6* [loop 5 6 #] 9: 7 (cond ((= max min) ((fn min) (loop # max fn)))) 10: 8 [# ... 10: 9* [loop 6 6 #] 9: 10 (cond ((= max min) ((fn min) (loop # max fn)))) 10: 11 [# #] utku1.scheme:10:31: In expression ((fn min) (loop # max ...)): utku1.scheme:10:31: Wrong type to apply: #<unspecified> ABORT: (misc-error)

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  • Magento layout related basic Questions ?

    - by user197992
    Here is what I think about Magento (plz correct me if I am wrong ) 1)Each module has its own layout.xml stored in /interface/theme/layouts/ folder. 2)Magento loads all these layouts for current theme and creates a big xml file. Now what I am confused at . a)If magento loads /default/default/ (interface & theme) then why all the templates & layouts are inside base/default/ ?? b)what if I create my module name “page” inside my namespace “Jason” i.e Jason_Page , now what will happen to blocks in layout files which are named c)Since all the layouts are loaded and merged into one big xml file , then what happen to all those reference blocks which have same name attribute and are inside “Default” handle tag ? e.g d)what is Local.xml layout for and its use ?? e)wats the relation ship between a module name foo , and its layout name foo.xml ? What will happen to layout.xml if two modules with same name exist in diff namespace ? Thanks in advance .

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  • Django template tag basic question

    - by ninja123
    It looks like this template tag works like a charm for most people: http://blog.localkinegrinds.com/2007/09/06/digg-style-pagination-in-django/ For some reason I get this error: Caught an exception while rendering: 'is_paginated' I use this template tag in my template like so: {% load digg_paginator %} {% digg_paginator %} Where digg_paginator.py is in my app/templatetags folder and the included template context digg_paginator.html is in my app/templates folder. The queryset that needs pagination is called 'destinations'. If i just specify {% digg_paginator %}, how does it know what variable to paginate?? I feel I am missing something important here or just plain stupid :P Someone please help, or explain to me how this should be done. Thanks

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  • Select a particular column using awk or cut or perl

    - by javed abbas
    Have a requirement to select the 7th column. eg: cat filename | awk '{print $7}' The issue is that the data in the 4th column has multiple values with blank in between. example - The last line in the below output: user \Adminis FL_vol Design 0 - 1 - group 0 FL_vol Design 19324481 - 3014 - user \MAK FL_vol Design 16875161 - 2618 - tree 826 FL_vol Out Global Doc Mark 16875162 - 9618 - /vol/FL_vol/Out Global Doc Mark

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  • Create File Speedily From Individual Column

    - by neversaint
    I have a data that looks like this: -1 1:-0.394668 2:-0.794872 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:0.9365 6:0.75597 1 1:-0.463641 2:-0.897436 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:0.44378 6:0.121824 1 1:-0.469432 2:-0.897436 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:0.32668 6:0.302529 -1 1:-0.241547 2:-0.538462 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:0.9994 6:0.987166 1 1:-0.757233 2:-0.948718 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:-0.33904 6:0.915401 1 1:-0.167147 2:-0.589744 3:-1 4:-0.871341 5:0.95078 6:0.991566 The first column is class, and next 6 columns are features. I want to create 6 files for individual features. For example feat1_file.txt will contain -1 1:-0.394668 1 1:-0.463641 ... 1 1:-0.757233 1 1:-0.167147 feat2_file.txt will contain -1 2:-0.794872 ... 1 2:-0.589744 and so on. I have a Perl code that does this but it is horribly slow. Is there a way to do it faster? Typically the input files will contain 100K lines. use strict; use Data::Dumper; use Carp; my $input = $ARGV[0] || "myinput.txt"; my $INFILE_file_name = $input; # input file name open ( INFILE, '<', $INFILE_file_name ) or croak "$0 : failed to open input file $INFILE_file_name : $!\n"; my $out1 = $input."_feat_1.txt"; my $out2 = $input."_feat_2.txt"; my $out3 = $input."_feat_3.txt"; my $out4 = $input."_feat_4.txt"; my $out5 = $input."_feat_5.txt"; my $out6 = $input."_feat_6.txt"; unlink($out1); unlink($out2); unlink($out3); unlink($out4); unlink($out5); unlink($out6); print "$out1\n"; while ( <INFILE> ) { chomp; my @els = split(/\s+/,$_); my $lbl = $els[0]; my $OUTFILE1_file_name = $out1; # output file name open ( OUTFILE1, '>>', $OUTFILE1_file_name ) or croak "$0 : failed to open output file $OUTFILE1_file_name : $!\n"; print OUTFILE1 "$lbl $els[1]\n"; close ( OUTFILE1 ); # close output file my $OUTFILE2_file_name = $out2; # output file name open ( OUTFILE2, '>>', $OUTFILE2_file_name ) or croak "$0 : failed to open output file $OUTFILE2_file_name : $!\n"; print OUTFILE2 "$lbl $els[2]\n"; close ( OUTFILE2 ); # close output file # Etc.. until OUTFILE 6 } close (INFILE);

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  • How can I hardcode input with the "select" system call in C?

    - by Archer
    If I understand this system call "select" correctly, it will loop waiting for user input from the keyboard or from an outside server. Every time I call "message_loop", I'm going to type in the same few lines of input each time. Is there a way to hard code this in so I don't have to type it in each time? void message_loop(FILE* fpin, FILE* fpout, Socket sock) { fd_set readfds, readfds_bak ; int in, max_fd, n, ret ; char buf[MAXMESG]; in = fileno(fpin) ; FD_ZERO(&readfds) ; FD_SET(in, &readfds) ; FD_SET(sock.socketfd, &readfds) ; readfds_bak = readfds ; max_fd = ((in > sock.socketfd) ? in : sock.socketfd) + 1 ; while(1){ readfds = readfds_bak ; /* select function */ if((ret = select(max_fd, &readfds, NULL, NULL, NULL)) < 0){ perror("select") ; break ; } else if (ret != 0) { if(FD_ISSET(in, &readfds)){ /* keyboard input */ fgets(buf, MAXMESG, fpin) ; if(send_message(buf, sock) == -1) break ; } if(FD_ISSET(sock.socketfd, &readfds)){ /* messages from server */ n = receive_message(buf, MAXMESG, &sock) ; if(n == -1) break ; else if(n > 0){ fputs(buf, fpout) ; fputc('\n', fpout) ; } fflush(stdout) ; } } } }

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  • First time using select(), maybe a basic question?

    - by darkletter
    Hello people, i've been working for a few days with this server using select(). What it does, is that, i have two arrays of clients (one is "suppliers", and the other is "consumers"), and the mission of the server is to check whether the suppliers have something to send to the consumers, and in case affirmative, send it. The second part of the server is that, when the consumers have received the suppliers' info, they send a confirmation message to the same suppliers that sent the info. When a client connects, it gets recognized as "undefined", until it sends a message with the word "supplier" or "consumer" (in Spanish, as i'm from there), when the server puts it in the correct clients array. Well, what the server does is not very important here. What's important is that, i'm doing both parts with two different "for" loops, and that's where i'm getting the problems. When the first user connects to the server (be it a supplier or a consumer), the server gets stuck in the first or second loop, instead of just continuing its execution. As it's the first time i'm using select(), i may be missing something. Could you guys give me any sort of help? Thanks a lot in advance. for(;;) { rset=allset; nready=select(maxfd+1,&rset,NULL,NULL,NULL); if (FD_ISSET(sockfd, &rset)){ clilen=sizeof(cliente); if((connfd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cliente,&clilen))<0) printf("Error"); IP=inet_ntoa(cliente.sin_addr); for(i=0;i<COLA;i++){if(indef[i]<0){indef[i]=connfd;IPind[i]=IP;break;}} FD_SET(connfd,&allset); if(connfd > maxfd) maxfd=connfd; if(i>maxii) maxii=i; if(--nready<=0) continue; }// Fin ISSET(sockfd) for(i=0;i<=maxii;i++){ if((sockfd1=indef[i])<0){ continue;} //! if(FD_ISSET(sockfd1,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd1,comp,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd1);FD_CLR(sockfd1,&allset);indef[i]=-1;printf("Cliente indefinido desconectado \n");} else{ comp[n]='\0'; if(strcmp(comp,"suministrador")==0){ for(j=0;j<=limite;j++){if(sumi[j]<0){IPsum[j]=IPind[i];sumi[j]=indef[i]; indef[i]=-1;if(j>maxis) {maxis=j;}break; } } } else if(strcmp(comp,"consumidor")==0){ for(o=0;j<=limite;j++){if(consum[o]<0){IPcons[o]=IPind[i];consum[o]=indef[i]; indef[o]=-1;if(o>maxic) {maxic=o;}break; } } } if(--nready <=0)break; } } }//fin bucle for maxii for(i=0;i<=maxis;i++){ if((sockfd2=sumi[i])<0){continue;} if(FD_ISSET(sockfd2,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd2,buffer2,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd2);FD_CLR(sockfd2,&allset);sumi[i]=-1;printf("Suministrador desconectado \n");} else{ buffer2[n]='\0'; for(j=0;j<=maxic;j++){ if((sockfd3=consum[j])<0){ continue;} else {strcpy(final,IPsum[i]);strcat(final,":");strcat(final,buffer2);write(sockfd3,final,sizeof(final));respuesta[i]=1;} } break; // ? } } }//fin for maxis for(i=miniic;i<=maxic;i++){ if((sockfd4=consum[i])<0){continue;} if(FD_ISSET(sockfd4,&rset)){ if((n=read(sockfd4,buffer3,MAXLINE))==0){close(sockfd4);FD_CLR(sockfd4,&allset);consum[i]=-1;printf("Consumidor desconectado \n");} else{ buffer3[n]='\0'; IP2=strtok(buffer3,":"); obj=strtok(NULL,":"); for(j=0;j<100;j++){ if((strcmp(IPsum[j],IP2)==0) && (respuesta[j]==1)) {write(sumi[j],obj,sizeof(obj)); miniic=i+1; respuesta[j]=0; break; } } } } }

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  • "Function object is unsubscriptable" in basic integer to string mapping function

    - by IanWhalen
    I'm trying to write a function to return the word string of any number less than 1000. Everytime I run my code at the interactive prompt it appears to work without issue but when I try to import wordify and run it with a test number higher than 20 it fails as "TypeError: 'function' object is unsubscriptable". Based on the error message, it seems the issue is when it tries to index numString (for example trying to extract the number 4 out of the test case of n = 24) and the compiler thinks numString is a function instead of a string. since the first line of the function is me defining numString as a string of the variable n, I'm not really sure why that is. Any help in getting around this error, or even just help in explaining why I'm seeing it, would be awesome. def wordify(n): # Convert n to a string to parse out ones, tens and hundreds later. numString = str(n) # N less than 20 is hard-coded. if n < 21: return numToWordMap(n) # N between 21 and 99 parses ones and tens then concatenates. elif n < 100: onesNum = numString[-1] ones = numToWordMap(int(onesNum)) tensNum = numString[-2] tens = numToWordMap(int(tensNum)*10) return tens+ones else: # TODO pass def numToWordMap(num): mapping = { 0:"", 1:"one", 2:"two", 3:"three", 4:"four", 5:"five", 6:"six", 7:"seven", 8:"eight", 9:"nine", 10:"ten", 11:"eleven", 12:"twelve", 13:"thirteen", 14:"fourteen", 15:"fifteen", 16:"sixteen", 17:"seventeen", 18:"eighteen", 19:"nineteen", 20:"twenty", 30:"thirty", 40:"fourty", 50:"fifty", 60:"sixty", 70:"seventy", 80:"eighty", 90:"ninety", 100:"onehundred", 200:"twohundred", 300:"threehundred", 400:"fourhundred", 500:"fivehundred", 600:"sixhundred", 700:"sevenhundred", 800:"eighthundred", 900:"ninehundred", } return mapping[num] if __name__ == '__main__': pass

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  • C++ - Basic WinAPI question

    - by HardCoder1986
    Hello! I am now working on a some sort of a game engine and I had an idea to put everything engine-related into a static library and then link it to my actual problem. Right now I achieved it and actually link that library and every functions seem to work fine, except those, which are windows-related. I have a chunk of code in my library that looks like this: hWnd = CreateWindow(className, "Name", WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_EX_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 800, 600, NULL, NULL, GetModuleHandle(NULL), this); if (hWnd) { ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_NORMAL); UpdateWindow(hWnd); } else { MessageBox(NULL, "Internal program error", "Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); return; } When this code was not in the library, but in the actual project, it worked fine, created the window and everything was ok. Right now (when I'm linking to my library that contains this code) CreateWindow(...) call returns NULL and GetLastError() returns "Operation succesfully completed" (wtf?). Could anybody help me with this? Is it possible to create a window and display it using a static library call and why could my code fail? Thank you.

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  • Basic javascript function

    - by McDan Garrett
    I have this function working <script type="text/javascript"> $(window).scroll(function() { if ($(window).scrollTop() == $(document).height() - $(window).height()) { $('div#loadmoreajaxloader').show(); $.ajax({ url: "loadmore.php?wall=<?php echo $wall; ?>&lastid=" + $(".postitem:last").attr("id"), success: function(html) { if (html) { $("#postswrapper").append(html); $('div#loadmoreajaxloader').hide(); } else { $('div#loadmoreajaxloader').html('<center><font color="white">No more posts to show.</font></center>'); } } }); } }); </script> But I need to have the same stuff happening (on IOS Devices), but instead of it happening when the browser reaches the loadmoreajaxeloader div, I simply need it to happen on an onclick event on a link. Thanks heaps. Tried to add code but didn't format so here it is http://pastebin.com/p2VUqZff

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  • In a process using lots of memory, how can I spawn a shell without a memory-hungry fork()?

    - by kdt
    On an embedded platform (with no swap partition), I have an application whose main process occupies most of the available physical memory. The problem is that I want to launch an external shell script from my application, but using fork() requires that there be enough memory for 2x my original process before the child process (which will ultimately execl itself to something much smaller) can be created. So is there any way to invoke a shell script from a C program without incurring the memory overhead of a fork()? I've considered workarounds such as having a secondary smaller process which is responsible for creating shells, or having a "watcher" script which I signal by touching a file or somesuch, but I'd much rather have something simpler.

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  • Why do I get strange output from Perl using SQL?

    - by benjamin button
    Here is my Perl code: foreach my $line (@tmp_field_validation) { chomp $line; my ($cycle_code,$cycle_month,$cycle_year)= split /\s*\|\s*/, $line; $cycle_code=~ s/^\s*(.*)\s*$/$1/; $cycle_month=~ s/^\s*(.*)\s*$/$1/; $cycle_year=~ s/^\s*(.*)\s*$/$1/; print "$line\n"; print "$cycle_code|$cycle_month|$cycle_year"; } Here is the output: 1 10 2009 1 10 2009|| What's wrong over here? I expected the pipes to be between the variables. Why are the pipes getting printed after all the three variables?

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