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• Creating a bootable CD based on Ubuntu Server

  - by 0xC0000022L

  Note: bootable here refers to an Installation CD, not to the El Torito bootable CD standard if narrowly construed, or to a Live CD if widely construed. What tools exist to create a bootable CD based on Ubuntu 12.04? Unlike the Live CD used for the Desktop edition, the Server edition doesn't use Casper and that's exactly what I want. I.e. this question is not about a live CD! I have read InstallCDCustomization, but that only covers preseeding, adding modules etc. What I would like to achieve is rather to build a bootable CD from scratch, preferably based on the kernel of my running system, the bash and other binaries from that running system. I know how to preseed my own installation CD, so I'm comfortable with the tools involved there. However, that skips important parts such as creating the directory structure that is expected on a bootable CD. And that's what I'm looking for. I guess the question could be summed up as: what tools are the Ubuntu build masters using to author the alternate and server installation CDs and where can I find documentation for these? I would prefer doing this on the terminal (because that's how I run the Ubuntu Server installations themselves). But if I need a second machine with GUI to do it, I can certainly live with that.

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• Plymouth did not install properly

  - by David Starkey

  I was installing the plymouth manager in hopes of making a custom loading screen. While the terminal was working, my computer unexpectedly powered off. I can open up the manager and it appears to do what it is supposed to (minus the fact that I can't make my own theme) and the screen only shows on powering down. Anyway, all of the advice I have seen so far have resulted in errors and nothing getting fixed. I do not have permissions to simply select the folder and delete it for some reason and I have not been able to find out how to grant myself those permissions. I guess my question then is how do I get rid of the plymouth manager so I can reinstall it properly? Already tried: -Installation - http://www.noobslab.com/2011/11/install-plymouth-manager-and-change.html -Removal - How to remove Plymouth Boot Animation manager and keep the default boot screen -Permissions - How do I change my user permissions to edit /etc/apt/sources.list? -Theming Guide - http://brej.org/blog/?p=158

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• How to install OpenCV without nVidia drivers

  - by Subhamoy Sengupta

  I have a laptop with on-board Intel graphics. I have been using OpenCV for years with this machine and I have managed to avoid manual compilation so far. But in Ubuntu 13.10, when I try to install libopencv-dev from the repositories, it brings along libopencv-ocl, which seems to be dependent on nvidia drivers. Letting the driver install messes up my xserver completely and when I do glxinfo afterwards, I get this: name of display: :0.0 Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Error: couldn't find RGB GLX visual or fbconfig Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0". To solve this, I purge all nVidia drivers and reinstall xserver, much like it has been suggested here, and when I purge the nvidia drivers, OpenCV development libraries are also removed, as apt-get tells me they are no longer needed. This is foreign to me, because I expected a warning that I have installed packages that depend on this, but how can removing a dependency automatically remove the package I installed without warnings or asking? I understand it has something to do with nVidia being the provider of the libopencv-ocl in the repo. How could I get around it? I would rather not compile OpenCV if I can help it. I have seen similar questions, but not a suitable answer.

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• Keyboard / keymap problems with Xubuntu 12.04 + NX nomachine

  - by bajafresh4life

  I'm running NX client on my Macbook Pro to connect to a Xubuntu 12.04 desktop at work. I have configured NX client to start up a console upon connection. I am able to connect to my remote linux machine and I get a simple xterm console. However, when I run xfce4-session, half my keys no longer work. For example, when I launch a terminal, I typing a, s, or d works, but if type w, e, r, or t, the cursor just blinks. If I ctrl-C out of xfce4-session, all the keys work fine in my xterm console. If I run xev, this is the output for when I hit a key that works: KeyRelease event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x2e00001, root 0x373, subw 0x0, time 170160781, (-45,-21), root:(824,429), state 0x4, keycode 16 (keysym 0x63, c), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (03) "" XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x2e00001, root 0x373, subw 0x0, time 170160781, (-45,-21), root:(824,429), state 0x4, keycode 67 (keysym 0xffe3, Control_L), same_screen YES, XKeysymToKeycode returns keycode: 63 XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False but when I hit a key that doesn't work: FocusOut event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x2e00001, mode NotifyGrab, detail NotifyAncestor FocusIn event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x2e00001, mode NotifyUngrab, detail NotifyAncestor KeymapNotify event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x0, keys: 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Any ideas on what I can do to troubleshoot this issue? Googling around offered a few suggestions (like playing with xmodmap) but nothing seemed to work. Also, one thing worth mentioning is that I do not have any keyboard issues when remoting into a different Ubuntu 10 box via NX.

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• configure: error: Could not find libavformat - part of ffmpeg after installing libav from source

  - by Patryk

  I tried to install minidlna on my machine but it appeared to me that it's not in repositories anymore. Well then I decided to compile it myself. After downloading version 1.1.3 I tried to compile but I needed libav headers which I couldn't install via apt - no idea why there has been a lot of broken packages: $ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libavcodec-dev : Depends: libavutil-dev (= 6:9.13-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. Anyways I installed libav 9.13 from source and now I came to this point: $ ./configure ... checking for av_open_input_file in -lavformat... no checking for avformat_open_input in -lavformat... no checking for av_open_input_file in -lavformat... no checking for avformat_open_input in -lavformat... no configure: error: Could not find libavformat - part of ffmpeg but I have installed that! Even in the install log I can see : ... INSTALL libavdevice/libavdevice.a INSTALL libavfilter/libavfilter.a INSTALL libavformat/libavformat.a INSTALL libavresample/libavresample.a INSTALL libavcodec/libavcodec.a INSTALL libswscale/libswscale.a INSTALL libavutil/libavutil.a INSTALL libavdevice/avdevice.h INSTALL libavdevice/version.h INSTALL libavdevice/libavdevice.pc INSTALL libavfilter/avfilter.h INSTALL libavfilter/avfiltergraph.h INSTALL libavfilter/buffersink.h INSTALL libavfilter/buffersrc.h INSTALL libavfilter/version.h INSTALL libavfilter/libavfilter.pc INSTALL libavformat/avformat.h ....

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• Distribution upgrade problem "No new release found"

  - by fefe

  I'm using Ubuntu 11.04. The update manager once found the new release 'oneiric', and still shows up this screen when I log on use ssh: Welcome to Ubuntu 11.04 (GNU/Linux 2.6.38-14-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ 0 packages can be updated. 0 updates are security updates. New release 'oneiric' available. Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it. Last login: Wed Apr 25 16:22:48 2012 from *** But I didn't upgrade then, and change my apt sources. And now I cannot upgrade to 'oneiric'. do-relase-upgrade shows: $ sudo do-release-upgrade Checking for a new ubuntu release No new release found $ And apt-get dist-upgrade shows: $ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. $ I can successfully update all my packages. File contents of source.list: $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list ## See sources.list(5) for more information, especialy # Remember that you can only use http, ftp or file URIs deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty main universe restricted multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty main universe restricted multiverse deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-security universe main multiverse restricted deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-security universe main multiverse restricted deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe main multiverse restricted deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe main multiverse restricted deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-backports universe main multiverse restricted deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ natty-backports universe main multiverse restricted # deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid main universe restricted multiverse # deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid main universe restricted multiverse # deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid-security universe main multiverse restricted # deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid-security universe main multiverse restricted # deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe main multiverse restricted # deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe main multiverse restricted # CDROMs are managed through the apt-cdrom tool. # deb http://archive.canonical.com lucid partner # deb http://archive.canonical.com lucid-security partner # deb http://archive.canonical.com lucid-updates partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com lucid partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com lucid-security partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com lucid-updates partner #medibuntu repo # deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ lucid free non-free # deb-src http://packages.medibuntu.org/ lucid free non-free # deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu maverick main #Third party developers repository deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted multiverse universe deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ natty main universe restricted multiverse #Added by software-properties deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-security universe main multiverse restricted deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ natty-security universe main multiverse restricted deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe main multiverse restricted deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe main multiverse restricted File contents of /etc/update-manager/meta-release: $ cat /etc/update-manager/meta-release # default location for the meta-release file [METARELEASE] URI = http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release URI_LTS = http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts URI_UNSTABLE_POSTFIX = -development URI_PROPOSED_POSTFIX = -proposed What may be the problem of this?

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• Unable to download anything from the Ubuntu software center

  - by Skittles

  I am trying to download softwares from ubuntu software center but every time i click on "USE THIS SOURCE" i end up getting "Failed to download repository information" error! I don't understand what to do I even tried changing and adding Repository. Even tried choosing a different server. Even the "Choose best server" option doesn't choose anything. I really need help. I am new to Ubuntu and i would really appreciate some help. after trying lsb_release -a; i got pooja@Invincible:~$ lsb_release -a; No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise After trying "sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade" i got this- W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.cse.iitk.ac.in/ubuntu/dists/precise-proposed/universe/i18n/Translation-en Something wicked happened resolving 'mirror.cse.iitk.ac.in:http' (-5 - No address associated with hostname) E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

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• google-chrome video application association

  - by Ben Lee

  Is there any way to tell google-chrome to launch video files of particular types in an external application (or even just to bring up the download box as if the type was un-handled), instead of showing the video inside the browser? Searching online, it seems that chrome is supposed to use xdg-mime for file associations, but apparently is ignoring this for video. For example, when I do: xdg-mime query default video/mpeg It returns dragonplayer.desktop. But when I click on a mpeg video link, chrome displays it internally instead of launching Dragon Player (if I double click on a mpeg file in my file manager, on the other hand, it does open Dragon Player). So is there a way to tell chrome to respect this setting, or another way to coax chrome into opening the file externally? If it matters, I'm running the latest version of google-chrome stable (not chromium) at the time of writing, v. 18.0.1025.151, on kubuntu 11.10.

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• Ubuntu 11.10 running in windows 7 (wubi) AND on a separate partition

  - by Pareen

  I am in a very strange situation and need some help: I installed Ubuntu 11.10 through Wubi a while back so that I can use it alongside Windows 7. I was running out of space on my disk when trying to install applications. Without understanding how Wubi worked, I partitioned my C drive (creating a new 90 GB partition) in Windows, booted from the Ubuntu 11.10 install/live disk, and used the "something else" option to create a ext4 (setting the mount point to root) and swap space partitions (/sda5 and /sda6). After the install, my computer no longer boots with the previous Wubi menu and is now using the Linux grub. The options I have are /sda2, which boots Windows 7; /sda1, which doesn't do anything and reloads the same menu, and the run Linux options. So I now have Ubuntu running on a separate partition, as well as the original Wubi install. I want to delete the seperate partition and go back to running Ubuntu on Wubi...if I remove the partition will I need the Windows 7 disk to restore the boot loader? I dont have the Windows 7 disk on me so what is the best way to clean this up so I get rid of the seperate partition? -------------------------------------------------UPDATE----------------------------------------------------- ============================================================================================================ thank you so much for your response. Actually, it would be fantastic if I could migrate my Wubi install into the new partition because I had downloaded the AOSP on the Wubi install (as well as other files) and would love to preserve them. If i can do that and work on the new partition with the old files than that would be great, and I can worry about wiping out the partition completely later on i.e. when I have the windows disk or something. Can you tell me how to do this migration?? So when I select the /sda2, it loads up my Windows. If i click on the Linux, it loads up the newly install Linux (my files that were on the Wubi install aren't there) fine. If I click on the /sda1 (SYSTEM_DRIVE... this is what the Wubi was using to boot the menu that let me select Windows 7 or Ubuntu)... it fails and just reloads the original menu. Here is the link to my boot info script http://pastebin.com/dMrY0NL3

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• Is GParted safe?

  - by Olivier Pons

  I want to resize my partitions: I have 3 partitions: Ubuntu 10.04 Windows Seven Ubuntu 11.10 It's booting with the boot installed by the Ubuntu 11.10 version. I want to expand (only expand) all the 3 partitions. My HD is 1,8 Tb so it's big and I have no possibility to save before expanding. So my question is: if you tell me GParted work 99,99 % of the time, I'm willing to take the risk. If you tell me GParted work 90 % of the time, I won't take that risk.

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• Modules loading despite being added to the blacklist

  - by László Monda

  I'd like to blacklist a couple of modules, namely drm, drm_kms_helper, i2c_algo_bit and i915 to forbid my integrated Intel GPU to be used, but to use my Nvidia MXM card instead. I inserted the following lines into /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf: blacklist i915 blacklist drm blacklist drm_kms_helper blacklist i2c_algo_bit Despite the above right after rebooting my laptop and typing lsmod I can see these modules loaded. Why does my blacklist get utterly disrespected and what can I do about it?

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• Macbook Pro 8,1 - wireless interface not showing up

  - by Florian Margaine

  I've installed Ubuntu 11.10 on my Macbook Pro 8,1. Everything went fine and everything installs fine except for the wireless interface. I've installed the b43 module according to these instructions: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBookPro8-1/Natty#Wireless I've tried compiling the module, ndiswrapper and also the last solution mentioned using this PPA: ppa:zwaldowski/ppa. With the three solutions, the module loads finely. It works smoothly. lspci shows the wireless card without problem. But there is no wireless interface. iwconfig or ifconfig both show eth0 and lo as interfaces, but no eth1 or wlan0 interface is showing up. I have no idea why, and I'm completely stuck there.

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• Help, broken Gsettings

  - by Rene

  I was trying to disable the global menu as per http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/07/disable-global-menu-on-ubuntu-13-10-saucy/#comment-8612, but while it didn't change anything, after running the autoremove command unity-tweak-tool broke. Obviously my first reaction was to re-install the removed package but it remains broken. TBH I don't know if it is even related or just a coincidence. When I start it from the launcher it just blinks and disappear. When I start it from terminal I get this error: $ gnome-tweak-tool WARNING : Shell not installed or running WARNING : Error detecting shell Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtweak/tweaks/tweak_shell_extensions.py", line 199, in __init__ raise Exception("Shell not running or DBus service not available") Exception: Shell not running or DBus service not available INFO : GSettings missing key org.gnome.nautilus.desktop (key computer-icon-visible) WARNING : Shell not running None INFO : GSettings missing key org.gnome.mutter (key workspaces-only-on-primary) Segmentation fault (core dumped) I had a look with dconf-editor if I could just add the missing key, but apparently keys aren't meant to be added "by hand". So how can I fix this? I'd rather prefer not having to reinstall everything. Which package is broken, can I just reinstall that? EDIT: I found by being root gnome-tweak-tool no longer crashed so possibly a permission issue somewhere. I don't know that I changed any permissions. Another related problem, actually the reason I noticed the problem at all, is that unity-tweak-tool seem no longer to want to save the values edited. I normally just have the Unity launcher on the primary display but wanted to check what it was like having it on both. I didn't like it so I went into unity-tweak-tool to set it back - but regardless how many time I tick "only primary display" it never changes anything. What does the Unity-tweak-tool actually change and can I do this directly somehow?

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• Ubuntu Installation-Allocate drive space/Boot Loader

  - by user10134

  When I try to install ubuntu 10.10 from the official livedisc I got in the mail, when I get to the "Allocate Disk Space" step I cannot get it to work. I shrank my win7 partition so I have unallocated space, then I tried using the space while it is formatted in NTFS, but the partitions will not show up in the box. /dev/sda is selected under boot loader, and I can't select anything else, but the partition box is blank so when I click "install ubuntu" it just says: "No root file system is defined. Please correct this from the partitioning menu." -I am trying to dual-boot win7 and ubuntu, but I was never asked in the install process whether I would like to install just ubuntu or dual-boot?

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• Thunderbird 16.0.1 filling disk space

  - by Kris

  I'm on Ubuntu 12.04 with Thunderbird 16.0.1 and Kernel 3.6.0-030600rc4-generic. I used Thunderbird for quite a while and never had any problems with it. But now it seems to fill up my disk space very fast: watch -n 1 df -h . so Ubuntu started giving out warnings. First I removed some files but not much later it had filled up around 600 MB. It eats around 50 MB/min while I just download 10 emails or so via IMAP. This behaviour is new and seems to be some kind of bug. I don't want to delete my old mails, so what else could I do?

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• Synaptic won't launch from menu in panel in fresh Lubuntu minimal desktop 12.04 install

  - by ven42

  I performed a fresh install of Lubuntu 12.04 with minimal desktop, as described here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Documentation/MinimalInstall. To clarify, I did a command-line install from the Lubuntu alternative install disc, then I did an "apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop". Everything is working fine, except that Synaptic will not run from the menu entry in the panel. I am not prompted for a password, and no window of any sort appears after clicking the menu entry. I installed lxshortcut to see what the shortcut was running, and the command is "synaptic-pkexec". If I type this command into the "Run" menu, I get the same behavior (or lack thereof). I can get Synaptic to open up just fine by typing "gksudo synaptic" at the "Run" menu. Also, if I run "synaptic-pkexec" from the terminal, then I am prompted for my password within the terminal, and after that Synaptic opens normally. Can someone please suggest the right way to get Synaptic working? I could just change the menu entry to "gksudo synaptic", but I'm guessing that it's set to "synaptic-pkexec" for a reason. I have a vague understanding that this pkexec business has something to do with PolicyKit, but I don't really know what PolicyKit is or how to tell if something is broken with it. Thanks.

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• Bazaar issues while installing Ubuntu TV

  - by Aleksi Kinnunen

  I tried to install Ubuntu TV in Ubuntu 12.04 with this guide: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuTV/Contributing. Everything had been OK until I wrote to the terminal bzr branch lp:~s-team/ubuntutv/trunk ubuntu-tv. It says: Permission denied (publickey). ConnectionReset reading response for 'BzrDir.open_2.1', retrying Permission denied (publickey). bzr: ERROR: Connection closed: Unexpected end of message. Please check connectivity and permissions, and report a bug if problems persist.

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• Everytime i am trying to connect to my box using SSH, its failing not connecting

  - by YumYumYum

  From any other PC doing SSH to my Ubuntu 11.10,is failing. My network setup: Telenet ISP (Belgium) Fiber cable < RJ45 cable straight to Ubuntu PC Even the SSH is running: Other PC: retrying over and over $ ping 192.168.0.128 PING 192.168.0.128 (192.168.0.128) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.0.226 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.0.226 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.0.226 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.0.226 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable $ sudo service iptables stop Stopping iptables (via systemctl): [ OK ] $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host $ ssh [email protected] Connection closed by 192.168.0.128 $ ssh [email protected] [email protected]'s password: Connection closed by UNKNOWN $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.128 port 22: No route to host Follow up: -- checked cable -- using cable tester and other detectors -- no problem found in cable -- used random 10 cables -- adapter is not broken -- checked it using circuit tester by opening the system (card is new so its not network adapter card problem) -- leds are OK showing -- used LiveCD and did same ping test was having same problem -- disabled ipv6 100% to make sure its not the cause -- disabled iptables 100% so its also not the issue -- some more info $ nmap 192.168.0.128 Starting Nmap 5.50 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2012-06-08 19:11 CEST Nmap scan report for 192.168.0.128 Host is up (0.00045s latency). All 1000 scanned ports on 192.168.0.128 are closed (842) or filtered (158) Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.86 seconds ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ netstat -aunt | head Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 1 192.168.0.128:58616 74.125.132.99:80 FIN_WAIT1 tcp 0 0 192.168.0.128:56749 199.7.57.72:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 1 192.168.0.128:58614 74.125.132.99:80 FIN_WAIT1 tcp 0 0 192.168.0.128:49916 173.194.65.113:443 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 1 192.168.0.128:45699 64.34.119.101:80 SYN_SENT tcp 0 0 192.168.0.128:48404 64.34.119.12:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 192.168.0.128:54161 67.201.31.70:80 TIME_WAIT $ sudo killall dnsmasq -- did not solved the problem -- -- like many other Q/A was suggesting this same --- $ iptables --list Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination $ netstat -nr Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 $ ssh -vvv [email protected] OpenSSH_5.6p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0j-fips 10 May 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 192.168.0.128 [192.168.0.128] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /home/sun/.ssh/id_rsa. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/sun/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/sun/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sun/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sun/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.6 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 118/256 debug2: bits set: 539/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: host 192.168.0.128 filename /home/sun/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: host 192.168.0.128 filename /home/sun/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 139 debug1: Host '192.168.0.128' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/sun/.ssh/known_hosts:139 debug2: bits set: 544/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/sun/.ssh/id_rsa (0x213db960) debug2: key: /home/sun/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/sun/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Trying private key: /home/sun/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /home/sun/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup password debug3: remaining preferred: ,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: debug3: packet_send2: adding 64 (len 60 padlen 4 extra_pad 64) debug2: we sent a password packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). Authenticated to 192.168.0.128 ([192.168.0.128]:22). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1 debug1: Sending environment. debug3: Ignored env ORBIT_SOCKETDIR debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_ID debug3: Ignored env HOSTNAME debug3: Ignored env GIO_LAUNCHED_DESKTOP_FILE_PID debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_INTEGRATE_DESKTOP debug3: Ignored env GPG_AGENT_INFO debug3: Ignored env TERM debug3: Ignored env HARDWARE_PLATFORM debug3: Ignored env SHELL debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_STARTUP_ID debug3: Ignored env HISTSIZE debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_COOKIE debug3: Ignored env GJS_DEBUG_OUTPUT debug3: Ignored env WINDOWID debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL debug3: Ignored env QTDIR debug3: Ignored env QTINC debug3: Ignored env GJS_DEBUG_TOPICS debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_MODULE debug3: Ignored env USER debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK debug3: Ignored env USERNAME debug3: Ignored env SESSION_MANAGER debug3: Ignored env GIO_LAUNCHED_DESKTOP_FILE debug3: Ignored env PATH debug3: Ignored env MAIL debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_SESSION debug3: Ignored env QT_IM_MODULE debug3: Ignored env PWD debug1: Sending env XMODIFIERS = @im=none debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.utf8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env KDE_IS_PRELINKED debug3: Ignored env GDM_LANG debug3: Ignored env KDEDIRS debug3: Ignored env GDMSESSION debug3: Ignored env SSH_ASKPASS debug3: Ignored env HISTCONTROL debug3: Ignored env HOME debug3: Ignored env SHLVL debug3: Ignored env GDL_PATH debug3: Ignored env GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME debug3: Ignored env QTLIB debug3: Ignored env CVS_RSH debug3: Ignored env DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN debug3: Ignored env WINDOWPATH debug3: Ignored env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY debug3: Ignored env G_BROKEN_FILENAMES debug3: Ignored env COLORTERM debug3: Ignored env XAUTHORITY debug3: Ignored env _ debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 0 debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 2097152 debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0 debug2: shell request accepted on channel 0 Welcome to Ubuntu 11.10 (GNU/Linux 3.0.0-12-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ 297 packages can be updated. 92 updates are security updates. New release '12.04 LTS' available. Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it. Last login: Fri Jun 8 07:45:15 2012 from 192.168.0.226 sun@SystemAX51:~$ ping 19<--------Lost connection again-------------- Tail follow: -- dmesg is showing a very abnormal logs, like Ubuntu is automatically bringing the eth0 up, where eth0 is getting also auto down. [ 2025.897511] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2029.347649] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2030.775556] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2038.242203] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2057.267801] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2062.871770] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2082.479712] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2285.630797] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2308.417640] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2480.948290] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 2824.884798] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 3030.022183] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 3306.587353] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 3523.566881] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 3619.839585] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 3682.154393] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max) [ 3899.866854] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 4723.978269] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 4807.415682] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up [ 5101.865686] r8169 0000:02:00.0: eth0: link up How do i fix it? -- http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1959794 $ apt-get install openipml openhpi-plugin-ipml $ openipmish > help redisp_cmd on|off > redisp_cmd on redisp set Final follow up: Step 1: BUG for network card driver r8169 Step 2: get the latest build version http://www.realtek.com/downloads/downloadsView.aspx?Langid=1&PNid=4&PFid=4&Level=5&Conn=4&DownTypeID=3&GetDown=false&Downloads=true#RTL8110SC(L) Step 3: build / make $ cd /var/tmp/driver $ tar xvfj r8169.tar.bz2 $ make clean modules && make install $ rmmod r8169 $ depmod $ cp src/r8169.ko /lib/modules/3.xxxx/kernel/drivers/net/r8169.ko $ modprobe r8169 $ update-initramfs -u $ init 6 Voila!!

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• Issues when upgrading gnome-session

  - by Gabriel A. Zorrilla

  I'm having issues since yesterday after an upgrade. GNOME session got messed up somehow and now i cannot install further upgrades nor new apps. Here is what i got from terminal after doing the recommended apt-get install -f; (Reading database ... 166876 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace gnome-session 3.0.1-0ubuntu1~build2 (using .../gnome-session_3.0.2-0ubuntu3~natty1_all.deb) ... Unpacking replacement gnome-session ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gnome-session_3.0.2-0ubuntu3~natty1_all.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-shell.desktop', which is also in package gnome-shell 3.0.1-0ubuntu1~build1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gnome-session_3.0.2-0ubuntu3~natty1_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) In var/log/apt/history.log, it says: Start-Date: 2011-05-29 17:56:16 Commandline: apt-get -f install Upgrade: gnome-session:amd64 (3.0.1-0ubuntu1~build2, 3.0.2-0ubuntu3~natty1) Error: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) End-Date: 2011-05-29 17:56:21 No idea what all this means.

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• Installing on a mac without a CD burner or USB boot

  - by Rafael

  I am new to Ubuntu, i installed it in an old PC and now it works GREAT!!! My Macbook pro has a glitch and refuses to run Mac OS X, so i installed Windows, and i really want Ubuntu since Windows is not for me. Here's the problem(s) my drive only READS DVDs, if i put a blank in it, it will ignore it and my mac has the updated EFI, so no booting from a USB connected device! I also tried Wubi, but then i cant make it a FULL partition and get rid of windows!!! Thank you!

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• How to switch sound-drivers, and to which? [AMD] Hudson Azalia Controller

  - by Anders Martini

  System settings/sound does not open, freezes and I have to force close. Speaker symbol with volume control does not open scroll-down menu, and there is no sounds. Many people have problems with Hudson Azalia in Ubuntu, but I found no working solution. I don't really understand much of this, but here are some more details: aplay -l : **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** (after running this one, it starts some kind of process that doesn't get any results, and doesn't stop, terminal has to be shut down) lspci -vnn | grep -iA5 audio: 00:01.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Device [1002:9902] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:184c] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 53 Memory at f0444000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel -- 00:14.2 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Hudson Azalia Controller [1022:780d] (rev 01) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:184c] Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 32, IRQ 54 Memory at f0440000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel It seems to me that I'm currently running hda Intel drivers on my AMD Hudson Azalia soundcard. I can't see what drivers this soundcard uses. Do I need any additional drivers for my soundcard, and where would I find them?

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• apt-mirror - Changing source mirror creates new folder for downloads

  - by I Kazi

  I have a local Ubuntu mirror running on ubuntu 10.04 in my office which uses archive.ubuntu.com to download updates and releases. I have been running this mirror since Ubuntu's Hardy Heron release. It downloads everything under /export/ubuntu-repo1/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ folder. Recently I came to know that the mirror in India i.e. in.archive.ubuntu.com is a lot faster for me than http://archive.ubuntu.com which is based in UK. Therefore to download latest release QUANTAL QUETZAL I configured Indian mirror in /etc/apt/mirror.list After making this change and leaving apt-mirror to run overnight I found that it downloaded everything to a new folder called "in.archive.ubuntu.com" so now I have two folders where apt-mirror downloads updates. /export/ubuntu-repo1/apt-mirror/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ /export/ubuntu-repo1/apt-mirror/mirror/in.archive.ubuntu.com/ Now, since apache does not have "in.archive.ubuntu.com" configured, Ubuntu clients are unable to access QUANTAL QUETZAL release and its updates. My question is: Is there a way I could copy everything downloaded under "in.archive.ubuntu.com" to "archive.ubuntu.com" so all new updates of the latest release become accessible to Ubuntu clients? Secondly, Can I configure apt-mirror to download everything to archive.ubuntu.com even using Indian mirror? Thanks a lot for your help in advance. I Kazi

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• Print to File in Black and White (not in greyscale)

  - by user2413

  Hi all, I have these pdf files of c++code and they are colored which would be cool, except that the network printer here is b&w and the printed out codes come in various shades of pale grey which makes them essentially unreadable (specially the comments). I would like everything (text, codes, commands,...) to be printed in the same (black) color. i've tried fuddling with the printer's properties, but the closest thing i see is the 'level of grey' tab, and there i have the choice between 'enhanced' and 'normal' (and it doesn't make a difference in my case). i've tried 'print to file', but i don't see any options there to print to b&w, I've tried installing the 'generic cups printer', but again no options to print to b&w. any idea ? (i'm on 10.10)

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• Strange display language in gnome shell

  - by khalafuf

  I logged in gnome-shell, and found that the display language is set to some strange asian language (I think) without my prompt. I tried to change the locale settings but found that the default language is English (how?) despite of that strange language. Here's a snapshot, See the strange word instead of "Activity": I'm on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. Output of locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=zh_CN:en_US:en LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC=en_US.UTF-8 LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8" LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NAME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ADDRESS=en_US.UTF-8 LC_TELEPHONE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL= Output of locale -a: C C.UTF-8 de_CH.utf8 en_AG en_AG.utf8 en_AU.utf8 en_BW.utf8 en_CA.utf8 en_DK.utf8 en_GB.utf8 en_IE.utf8 en_IN en_IN.utf8 en_NG en_NG.utf8 en_NZ.utf8 en_PH.utf8 en_SG.utf8 en_US.utf8 en_ZA.utf8 en_ZM en_ZM.utf8 en_ZW.utf8 POSIX zh_CN.utf8 zh_SG.utf8 Solved: This answer did it.

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• Mythbuntu initial setup cannt connect to server

  - by Hawke

  I'm really new to linux, and I just installed mythbuntu to a standalone pc, it's all installed ok and I've logged on, and started the setup but I'm having issues. I select language ok, the next screen is database setup, select next but it says can't connect to server and I just loop back. I've done some googling and checked the mysql database password and that is correct, I've also checked that my username belongs to myth tv and it does. Can anyone help? I've tried reinstalling but it doesn't change. Many thanks.

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