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  • How to backup data from linux servers to linux server (incremental + snapshot)?

    - by wag2639
    We have a handful of hosted servers running RHEL4 and RHEL5 and would like to backup some key folders (I'm thinking /var /srv and /etc) to a local server we have in house. The local server is running Ubuntu 9.10 Server edition. I'm looking for a free (preferably OSS) way to grab (or push) incremental backups to my local server and once a month or so, make a new snapshot for incremental updates in between snapshots. Also, while I'm comfortable with using a command line, others may need to use the system in the future, and I would like some kind of graphical or web interface to browse the backup repository. Suggestions?

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  • source command in Linux

    - by Rodnower
    My question is: why if I run some file with name aliases for example with content such as: alias lsa="ls -a" directly: $ ./aliases it don't create the alias (may be only in script context). But if I run it with command "source": $ source aliases it do the work? I mean after execution the alias "lsa" existing in context of command shell? "man source" give: "No manual entry for source", and in google I just found that it runs Tcl, but why Tcl influence shell context and bush not?

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  • How to wipe free disk space in Linux?

    - by Alex B
    When a file is deleted, its contents may still be left in the filesystem, unless explicitly overwritten with something else. "wipe" can securely erase files, but does not seem to allow erasing free disk space not used by any files. What should I use to achieve this?

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  • Increase Volume of an MKV Video from Linux Terminal

    - by The How-To Geek
    I've got a large amount of .MKV video files which seem to all play at a very low volume - I end up having to turn the TV up all the way to hear them, which is really irritating when I switch to another channel and wake the dead because it's so loud. What I'm looking for is a command-line method to increase the volume (so I can run it on all of them quickly) that would hopefully work regardless of the audio codec in use in the particular file. (I don't mind hard-coding the output audio though). For reference, I'm using Ubuntu 9.04 on my server, and the files are being played back with Boxee on a Mac Mini, but the volume problem is the same on Windows too.

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  • Linux (Ubuntu) USB Auth

    - by themicahmachine
    I want to be able to authenticate with PAM using a USB drive with a file on it. I've read about how to do this with a PAM module that reads the specific USB hardware ID of a device, but if the device malfunctions or is lost, there would be no way to authenticate. I would prefer to use the method BitLocker uses, requiring a particular file to be found on the drive in order to authenticate. That way I can keep another drive in a secure location as a backup. Any other suggestions are welcome. I just want to require a higher level of security that just a password.

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  • linux static ip problem

    - by out_sider
    I have a serve running centOS and I'd like to have the following setup: The server needs to have a static ip and be accessible by name. What I want is independently of the network being able to connect the server to the network and access it by name on Firefox as it will be running a web page. I tried setting the ip manually but while the inet addr is set as I want it the Bcast isn't. And I only can ping the server on the Bcast ip and because it is 192.168.2.255 ssh says it's not valid.

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  • Man pages in Linux

    - by Ayos
    I don't seem to have all the man pages that I need. For example, my college computers (running Fedora 14) have man pages for ASCII, all the standard C libraries (stdlib.h, stdio.h) and so on and so forth. I wish to "install" these pages, after looking up on the Internet I couldn't really find anything that made sense. How can I get, say, the man-page of ASCII (I know it's not really a command or a daemon or anything like that, but typing man ASCII on the college computer gets me a page with the ASCII value table + a little more information). I don't want to keep using the Internet for looking up man pages every time I need to look up a function, function prototype or the ASCII table or something like that.

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  • Drop caches in Linux

    - by BerserkEVA
    I have an embedded Geode-based application server with 512MB RAM and I'm about to try to maximize free memory during applications workload, which uses MySQL database 5.5 with InnoDB quite aggressively. As part of the whole optimization I'd want to introduce echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches sleep 5 echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches in crontab. How often is it safe to execute something like this? Any other observation/suggestion is welcome.

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  • Linux, PHP, and mysqlnd?

    - by bob-the-destroyer
    Looks like most common distros build their PHP packages without mysqlnd, instead relying on the old libmysql library. Are there any distros that do include the new mysql native driver even as an option in any of their officially supported repositories? If not, is it possible (and if so, how) to rebuild these three (mysql, mysqli, & pdo_mysql) extensions without having to rebuild the entire PHP install? In my case, there are several PHP functions I need that are available only if these Mysql extenstions are built against mysqlnd. So I'd be fine installing a new OS to get these if the OS offers and supports it.

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  • How can i simulate the production servers in my home for linux VMs [closed]

    - by user31
    I am thinking of making the small simulation of how the big companies run their system in my home environment to get the feeling. I have the server with 8GB ram , quad core processor. I am thinking of following setup if thats [possible because i have not worked with biger companies , so i want to know how can i do that I am thinking of creating 5 virtual machines VM1 will be database server and will have all databases like MySQL , postgreSQL , sqlite , mongodb and Oracle VM2 will be the web server and will have Apache and Tomcat installed VM3 will be the Filse server where i will have all the web sites file VM4 , i am thinking of as main box where i can install ptyon php java j2ee sites but not sure VM5 will have the server 22008 for c# .net applications my main idea is to be able to host the sites in php, python , java j2ee with spring Is my setup ok or i am missing few things. Please guide me with correct setup so that i can learn stuff

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  • Increase Volume of an MKV Video from Linux Terminal

    - by The How-To Geek
    I've got a large amount of .MKV video files which seem to all play at a very low volume - I end up having to turn the TV up all the way to hear them, which is really irritating when I switch to another channel and wake the dead because it's so loud. What I'm looking for is a command-line method to increase the volume (so I can run it on all of them quickly) that would hopefully work regardless of the audio codec in use in the particular file. (I don't mind hard-coding the output audio though). For reference, I'm using Ubuntu 9.04 on my server, and the files are being played back with Boxee on a Mac Mini, but the volume problem is the same on Windows too.

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  • How to connect to VPN using commands in Linux (Fedora 16)

    - by WarFox
    Usually, I use the network connections icon on the top bar to connect to VPN. The connection is configured properly and it connects well. Configuration screen shot is given below. As you can see I have selected the 'Connect automatically' option. But this option doesn't help in connecting to VPN automatically upon login. This is my university VPN and it uses 'Point-to-Point encryption (MPPE)' for authentication I need to connect to the VPN using command line, so that I can write a script and run it at start up, so the connection is automatically established every time I login. This will also help in connecting to VPN when I login from 'init 3' mode. I depend on this VPN connection for my internet access. Please help me with the required commands.

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  • Memory Usage in LINUX

    - by Incredible
    I have a debian system. It has 8GB memory. When I do top it shows 7.9 GB memory used and rest free. I add up the memory usage of all the programs running from top and they hardly sum up to around 50 MB. So, where is rest of the memory being used? Can I have a better detailed info of the memory usage? What is a better way to check the memory usage?

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  • Where is my software installed in Linux?

    - by user22861
    I use whereis matlab and find: /usr/local/bin/matlab , which is a very long bash file. How can I find where matlab is installed, I mean, its installed folder. EDIT: I used the following method: open matlab and use edit svds.m to open the svds.m file and the editor shows the folder:)

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  • Remote edit with local editor (Linux)

    - by Eisaj
    Hello, I have a server I can ssh into, and I am also running Ubuntu. How do I edit this remote file using any program I have installed on my local Ubuntu, without copying it to local, editing it, and copying it back? Thanks!

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  • How to autostart service in ANY linux?

    - by user329115
    I need to install the dumbest possible service (a binary) and have it reliably run as the current user at boot (or login, whatever) at as many platforms as possible (of the aging point-of-sale type). The app monitors another archives generated by another app in the user-session. Startup alternatives considered: init.d @reboot in crontab a .desktop file in ~/.config/autostart a myriad of other solutions including .profile and .bashrc All of the above break down at some point. The problems stem from not wanting to run as root (I want the files generated to be user-accessible), and not having a way to reliably get the current user name in sudo on all platforms. Ideally not even sudo can be assumed available. Hey, I just want to run something on boot and I have "root" power to do so. Windows get the job done easily enough. This isn't rocket science, is it?

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  • linux cron job error

    - by bell
    I have setup a cron job to run a php file every 30 minutes, lynx -source public_html/scripts/file.php the result comes through to an email but seems to get this error Can't Access `file://localhost/home/username/public_html/scripts/file.php' Alert!: Unable to access document. lynx: Can't access startfile any advice would be much appreciated

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  • Unix / linux permissions setup for shared hosting with Apache

    - by weiyin
    I'm in the process of setting up a server from a clean CentOS 5 install. What is the best permission structure (users, groups, unix permissions) for running a single instance of apache for multiple users? Ideally, it should satisfy these requirements: Each user's websites are stored in a subdirectory of their home directory. Users can edit files and permissions. Apache can read the websites of all users. No user can read the website files of other users. Bonus question: how to add PHP and/or Perl and/or Ruby to Apache without allowing any users to access any other user's files?

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  • Is there a way to save "work sessions" in linux

    - by mike
    I regularly work on different projects, using different software. For project 1 I need to open for ex : Filezilla, Gedit and Nautilus (set to a specific folder) For project 2 I need to open foz ex : Gimp, Nautilus (set to another specific folder) etc. What I would like is a kind of sessions manager, where I could create entries "project 1", "project 2", etc. And with one click or command, open all the softwares I need. Perhaps there's an easy way to write a batch file for this? Any idea is welcome :)

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  • Running suspicious X programs in GNU/Linux

    - by Vi
    What the most harmful thing can malware program started as separate limited user account do if it has access to the X server? Network and filesystem things are already considered by chroot and netfilter. It obviously can lock the screen and I will need to switch to other vt and kill it manually. Can it for example disrupt other GUI programs on the same X server (access to root terminal in nearby window)? I know that it is safer to run it in separate X server, for example, in Xtightvnc or even some virtual machine, but how dangerous is to just run it like other programs?

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  • Output of free -m on a Linux server

    - by cat pants
    I can see from this page here: http://www.linuxatemyram.com/ That the correct amount of free ram is on the "-/+ buffers/cache" line. The extra ram being used is for disk caching. However, I noticed that the total amount of memory used listed in "-/+ buffers/cache" line is significantly less than the sum total of the "RES" column of the processes shown in top. And AFAIK, the "RES" column is how much physical memory is being used by a process. How do you explain this discrepancy?

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