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  • Code Contracts Vs. Object Initializers (.net 4.0)

    - by Mystagogue
    At face value, it would seem that object initializers present a problem for .net 4.0 "code contracts", where normally the invariant should be established by the time the object constructor is finished. Presumably, however, object-initializers require properties to be set after construction is complete. My question is if the invariants of "code contracts" are able to handle object initializers, "as if" the properties were set before the constructor completes? That would be very nice indeed!!

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  • Check if an object is defined in html

    - by Manikanta
    In HTML, I have an object tag as follows: <OBJECT ID="objectid" CLASSID="some-class-id" CODEBASE="some-codebase"> I have written a function in JavaScript to access this object. I checked the null value as follows: if(objectid==null){-----} i want to check if the object is undefined or is empty. Do we have any functions to check so?

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  • How to create PHP method linking?

    - by Kerry
    I've seen other objects that do this: $obj->method1()->method2(); How do I do that? Is each function just modifying the pointer of an object or returning a pointer? I don't know the proper term for this style -- if anyone could help me with that, it would be great.

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  • Difference between "Data Binding'","Data Hiding","Data Wraping" and "Encapsulation"?

    - by krishna Chandra
    I have been studying the conpects of Object oriented programming. Still I am not able to distinguish between the following concepts of object oriented programming.. a) Data Binding b) Data Hiding c) Data Wrapping d) encapsulation e) Data Abstraction I have gone through a lot of books ,and I also search the difference in google. but still I am not able to make the difference between these? Could anyone please help me ?

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  • Why avoid Java Inheritance "Extends"

    - by newbie
    Good day! Jame Gosling said “You should avoid implementation inheritance whenever possible.” and instead, use interface inheritance. But why? How can we avoid inheriting the structure of an object using the keyword "extends", and at the same time make our code Object Oriented? Could someone please give an Object Oriented example illustrating this concept in a scenario like "ordering a book in a bookstore?" Thank you in advance.

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  • Nested function inside literal Object...

    - by Andrea
    Hello guys, if in a literal object i try to reference a function using "this" inside a nested property/function, this don't work. Why? A nested property have it's own scope? For example, i want to call f1 from inside d.f2: var object = { a: "Var a", b: "Var b", c: "Var c", f1: function() { alert("This is f1"); }, d: { f2: function() { this.f1(); } }, e: { f3: function() { alert("This is f3"); } } } object.f1(); // Work object.d.f2(); // Don't Work. object.e.f3(); // Work Thanks, Andrea.

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  • stringtemplate .net dynamic object

    - by Mark Milford
    Hi I am using string template to render some content, but the content may be variable so not sure how to pass it in (using .net / c#) Basic idea is I have a List which need to end up as parameters, e.g. List<KeyValuePair<string, object>> ret = new List<KeyValuePair<string, object>>(); ret.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>("elem1", true)); ret.Add(new KeyValuePair(string, object>("elem2", false)); Now I want these to show up in string template as: $item.elem1$ $item.elem2$ I can get them to be $elem1$ or $elem2$ but i need them inside of a structure. So I in effect need to convince the string template setAttribute that I'm passing in an object with properties elem1 and elem2 when in fact I have a List of KeyValuePairs. Thanks

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  • accessing embedded object with jquery not working in firefox 3.6

    - by taber
    Hi, this code in my plugin used to work just fine: jQuery('#embedded_obj', context).get(0).getVersion(); and in html... <object id="embedded_obj" type="application/x-versionchecker-1.0.0.1"</object Basically trying to get the properties from an embedded object. But it looks like get(0) is returning an html object instead of the actual embedded object. For example, if I do: var launcher = jQuery('#embedded_obj', context).get(0); for(prop in launcher){ alert(prop + ': ' + launcher[prop]); } ... it alerts things like "getElementByNode," "scrollWidth," "clientLeft," "clientTop" etc. Again this worked before Firefox 3.6. Has anyone else seen this or have any ideas/suggestions? Thanks!

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  • differences between using wmode="transparent", "opaque", "window" for an embedded object on webpage

    - by Jian Lin
    when embedding a Flash object with the <object and <embed tag, there is an attribute called "wmode". It seems that most of the time, wmode="transparent" is the same as wmode="opaque" as the Flash doesn't actually have any transparent color so that the bottom HTML element is to be shown. As a result, "opaque" should be faster than "transparent" since it require less processing for transparency, yet most of the time i see Flash object embedded with "transparent" instead of "opaque". "opaque" is needed so that other HTML element won't be covered up by the Flash object. (such as a menu item that pops up an extra sub-menu won't be covered up by the Flash object). By the way, is there formal documentation for wmode's "opaque", "transparent", and "window"? I was only able to find blogs that describe it but not the formal documentation. thanks.

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  • Scope of object properties & methods

    - by Anish
    In the article Show love to the object literal, it's said: When we have several scripts in a page, the global variables & functions will get overwritten if their name repeats. One solution is to make the variables as properties & functions as methods of an object, and access them via the object name. But will this prevent the issue of variables getting into the global namespace? <script> var movie = { name: "a", trailer: function(){ //code } }; </script> In the above code which elements gets added to the global namespace? a) Just the object name - movie b) Object name as well as the properties and methods inside it – movie, movie.name, movie.trailer()

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  • slowly rotate an object towards another object

    - by numerical25
    I have an object that points in the direction of another object (i.e. it rotates to the direction that the second objects x and y coordinates are at) below is the code I use. var distx = target.x - x; var disty = target.y - y; var angle:Number = Math.atan2(disty, distx); var vx:Number = Math.cos(angle) * cspeed; var vy:Number = Math.sin(angle) * cspeed; rotation = angle * 180/Math.PI; x += vx; y += vy; as you can see. Not only does it rotate towards the target object, but it also moves towards it too. When I play the movie, the object instantly points to the targeted object and moves towards it. I would like for it to slowly turn towards the object instead of instantly turning towards it. anyone know how to do this.

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  • c# object initializer complexity. best practice

    - by Andrew Florko
    I was too excited when object initializer appeared in C#. MyClass a = new MyClass(); a.Field1 = Value1; a.Field2 = Value2; can be rewritten shorter: MyClass a = new MyClass { Field1 = Value1, Field2 = Value2 } Object initializer code is more obvious but when properties number come to dozen and some of the assignment deals with nullable values it's hard to debug where the "null reference error" is. Studio shows the whole object initializer as error point. Nowadays I use object initializer for straightforward assignment only for error-free properties. How do you use object initializer for complex assignment or it's a bad practice to use dozen of assigments at all? Thank you in advance!

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  • Can we create a class from a xml file ?

    - by panzerschreck
    Hello, Is it possible to create a class dynamically by reading an xml file ( in java preferably) ? if yes, please provide pointers on how to do it. In the process of development, we have come up with a class that has 5 attributes, all these attributes correspond to an entry in the xml file, now if the user adds/modifies the xml entry the object corresponding to it must change automatically, one approach would be generate the source code, before compile time.Is there any other way ? Is there any common pattern to model such changes in the system ? Thanks,

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  • Return an Object in Java

    - by digby12
    I've been struggling to work out how to return an object. I have the following array of objects. ArrayList<Object> favourites; I want to find an object in the array based on it's "description" property. public Item finditem(String description) { for (Object x : favourites) { if(description.equals(x.getDescription())) { return Object x; else { return null; Can someone please show me how I would write this code. Thanks.

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  • Finding the normals of an oriented bounding box?

    - by Milo
    Here is my problem. I'm working on the physics for my 2D game. All objects are oriented bounding boxes (OBB) based on the separate axis theorem. In order to do collision resolution, I need to be able to get an object out out of the object it is penetrating. To do this I need to find the normal of the face(s) that the other OBB is touching. Example: The small red OBB is a car lets say, and the big OBB is a static building. I need to determine the unit vector that is the normal of the building edge(s) the car is penetrating to get the car out of there. Here are my questions: How do I determine which edges the car is penetrating. I know how to determine the normal of an edge, but how do I know if I need (-dy, dx) or (dy, -dx)? In the case I'm demonstrating the car is penetrating 2 edges, which edge(s) do I use to get it out? Answers or help with any or all of these is greatly appreciated. Thank you

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  • How to use the unit of work and repository patterns in a service oriented enviroment

    - by A. Karimi
    I've created an application framework using the unit of work and repository patterns for it's data layer. Data consumer layers such as presentation depend on the data layer design. For example a CRUD abstract form has a dependency to a repository (IRepository). This architecture works like a charm in client/server environments (Ex. a WPF application and a SQL Server). But I'm looking for a good pattern to change or reuse this architecture for a service oriented environment. Of course I have some ideas: Idea 1: The "Adapter" design pattern Keep the current architecture and create a new unit of work and repository implementation which can work with a service instead of the ORM. Data layer consumers are loosely coupled to the data layer so it's possible but the problem is about the unit of work; I have to create a context which tracks the objects state at the client side and sends the changes to the server side on calling the "Commit" (Something that I think the RIA has done for Silverlight). Here the diagram: ----------- CLIENT----------- | ------------------ SERVER ---------------------- [ UI ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] ---> [ Web Services ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] -> [DB] Idea 2: Add another layer Add another layer (let say "local services" or "data provider"), then put it between the data layer (unit of work and repository) and the data consumer layers (like UI). Then I have to rewrite the consumer classes (CRUD and other classes which are dependent to IRepository) to depend on another interface. And the diagram: ----------------- CLIENT ------------------ | ------------------- SERVER --------------------- [ UI ] -> [ Local Services/Data Provider ] ---> [ Web Services ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] -> [DB] Please note that I have the local services layer on the current architecture but it doesn't expose the data layer functionality. In another word the UI layer can communicate with both of the data and local services layers whereas the local services layer also uses the data layer. | | | | | | | | ---> | Local Services | ---> | | | UI | | | | Data | | | | | | | ----------------------------> | |

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  • Effective handling of variables in non-object oriented programming

    - by srnka
    What is the best method to use and share variables between functions in non object-oriented program languages? Let's say that I use 10 parameters from DB, ID and 9 other values linked to it. I need to work with all 10 parameters in many functions. I can do it next ways: 1. call functions only with using ID and in every function get the other parameters from DB. Advantage: local variables are clear visible, there is only one input parameter to function Disadvantage: it's slow and there are the same rows for getting parameters in every function, which makes function longer and not so clear 2. call functions with all 10 parameters Advantage: working with local variables, clear function code Disadvantage: many input parameters, what is not nice 3. getting parameters as global variables once and using them everywhere Advantage - clearer code, shorter functions, faster processing Disadvantage - global variables - loosing control of them, possibility of unwanted overwriting (Especially when some functions should change their values) Maybe there is some another way how to implement this and make program cleaner and more effective. Can you say which way is the best for solving this issue?

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  • Impact of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) on Business and IT Operations

    The impact of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) on business and IT operations varies from company to company. I think more and more companies are starting to view SOA as just another technology that they can incorporate in an existing or new system. One of the driving factors in using SOA is the reduction in maintenance costs and decrease in the time needed to bring products to market. The reductions in costs, and reduced turnaround time can be directly converted in to increased profitability due to less expenditures that are needed in order to maintain or create new systems. My personal perspective on SOA is that it is great for what it is actually intended to do. SOA allows systems to be distributed across networks or even the world while ensuring enterprise processing consistency, data integrity and preventing code duplication. This being said a lot of preparation and work goes into properly designing and implementing an SOA especially if an enterprise wants to take full advantage of its benefits. Even though SOA has recently gotten a lot of hype about its benefits it does not a perfect fit for all situations. At the end of the day SOA is just another tool in my tool belt that I can pull from to create solutions that meet the business’s needs. Based on current industry trends SOA appears to be a very solid technology to use moving forward, especially as more and more companies shift towards cloud based computing. It is important to remember that SOA is one of many technologies that can be used in creating business solutions and I think more time will be spent in the future evaluating if SOA is the right technology for a solution once the initial hype of SOA has calmed down.

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  • Trouble accessing fields of a serialized object in Java

    - by typoknig
    I have instantized a class that implements Serializable and I am trying to stream that object like this: try{ Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000); ObjectOutputStream toServer = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream()); toServer.writeObject(myObject); } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } All good so far right? Then I am trying to read the fields of that object like this: //This is an inner class class HandleClient implements Runnable{ private ObjectInputStream fromClient; private Socket socket; // This socket was established earlier try { fromClient = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream()); GetField inputObjectFields = fromClient.readFields(); double myFristVariable = inputObjectFields.get("myFirstVariable", 0); int mySecondVariable = inputObjectFields.get("mySecondVariable", 0); //do stuff } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } finally { try { fromClient.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } But I always get the error: java.io.NotActiveException: not in call to readObject This is my first time streaming objects instead of primitive data types, what am I doing wrong? BONUS When I do get this working correctly, is the ENTIRE CLASS passed with the serialized object (i.e. will I have access to the methods of the object's class)? My reading suggests that the entire class is passed with the object, but I have been unable to use the objects methods thus far. How exactly do I call on the object's methods? In addition to my code above I also experimented with the readObject method, but I was probably using it wrong too because I couldn't get it to work. Please enlighten me.

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  • Why does C++ behave this way?

    - by eSKay
    #include<stdio.h> int b = 0; class A { public: int a;}; class B: public A { int c; int d; public: B(){ b++; a = b; printf("B:%d\n",b); } }; int main() { A* a = new B[10]; B* b = new B[10]; printf("\n%d", a->a); a++; printf("\n%d", a->a); // prints junk value printf("\n\n%d", b->a); b++; printf("\n%d", b->a); return 0; } The second printf prints a junk value. It should figure that it is pointing to an object of type B and increment by the sizof(B). Why does that not happen?

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  • Blob object not working properly even though the class is seralized

    - by GustlyWind
    I have class which is seralized and does convert a very large amount of data object to blob to save it to database.In the same class there is decode method to convert blob to the actual object.Following is the code for encode and decode of the object. private byte[] encode(ScheduledReport schedSTDReport) { byte[] bytes = null; try { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos); oos.writeObject(schedSTDReport); oos.flush(); oos.close(); bos.close(); //byte [] data = bos.toByteArray(); //ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //GZIPOutputStream out = new GZIPOutputStream(baos); //XMLEncoder encoder = new XMLEncoder(out); //encoder.writeObject(schedSTDReport); //encoder.close(); bytes = bos.toByteArray(); //GZIPOutputStream out = new GZIPOutputStream(bos); //out.write(bytes); //bytes = bos.toByteArray(); } catch (Exception e) { _log.error("Exception caught while encoding/zipping Scheduled STDReport", e); } decode(bytes); return bytes; } /* * Decode the report definition blob back to the * ScheduledReport object. */ private ScheduledReport decode(byte[] bytes) { ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); ScheduledReport sSTDR = null; try { ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais); //GZIPInputStream in = new GZIPInputStream(bais); //XMLDecoder decoder = new XMLDecoder(in); sSTDR = (ScheduledReport)ois.readObject();//decoder.readObject(); //decoder.close(); } catch (Exception e) { _log.error("IOException caught while decoding/unzipping Scheduled STDReport", e); } return sSTDR; } The problem here is whenver I change something else in this class means any other method,a new class version is created and so the new version the class is unable to decode the originally encoded blob object. The object which I am passing for encode is also seralized object but this problem exists. Any ideas thanks

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  • Push-Based Events in a Services Oriented Architecture

    - by Colin Morelli
    I have come to a point, in building a services oriented architecture (on top of Thrift), that I need to expose events and allow listeners. My initial thought was, "create an EventService" to handle publishing and subscribing to events. That EventService can use whatever implementation it desires to actually distribute the events. My client automatically round-robins service requests to available service hosts which are determined using Zookeeper-based service discovery. So, I'd probably use JMS inside of EventService mainly for the purpose of persisting messages (in the event that a service host for EventService goes down before it can distribute the message to all of the available listeners). When I started considering this, I began looking into the differences between Queues and Topics. Topics unfortunately won't work for me, because (at least for now), all listeners must receive the message (even if they were down at the time the event was pushed, or hadn't made a subscription yet because they haven't completed startup (during deployment, for example) - messages should be queued until the service is available). However, I don't want EventService to be responsible for handling all of the events. I don't think it should have the code to react to events inside of it. Each of the services should do what it needs with a given event. This would indicate that each service would need a JMS connection, which questions the value of having EventService at all (as the services could individually publish and subscribe to JMS directly). However, it also couples all of the services to JMS (when I'd rather that there be a single service that's responsible for determining how to distribute events). What I had thought was to publish an event to EventService, which pulls a configuration of listeners from some configuration source (database, flat file, irrelevant for now). It replicates the message and pushes each one back into a queue with information specific to that listener (so, if there are 3 listeners, 1 event would become 3 events in JMS). Then, another thread in EventService (which is replicated, running on multiple hots) would be pulling from the queue, attempting to make the service call to the "listener", and returning the message to the queue (if the service is down), or discarding the message (if the listener completed successfully). tl;dr If I have an EventService that is responsible for receiving events and delegating service calls to "event listeners," (which are really just endpoints on other services), how should it know how to craft the service call? Should I create a generic "Event" object that is shared among all services? Then, the EventService can just construct this object and pass it to the service call. Or is there a better answer to this problem entirely?

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  • Encapsulate update method inside of object or have method which accepts an object to update

    - by Tom
    Hi, I actually have 2 questions related to each other: I have an object (class) called, say MyClass which holds data from my database. Currently I have a list of these objects ( List < MyClass ) that resides in a singleton in a "communal area". I feel it's easier to manage the data this way and I fail to see how passing a class around from object to object is beneficial over a singleton (I would be happy if someone can tell me why). Anyway, the data may change in the database from outside my program and so I have to update the data every so often. To update the list of the MyClass I have a method called say, Update, written in another class which accepts a list of MyClass. This updates all the instances of MyClass in the list. However would it be better instead to encapulate the Update() method inside the MyClass object, so instead I would say foreach(MyClass obj in MyClassList) { obj.update(); } What is a better implementation and why? The update method requires a XML reader. I have written an XML reader class which is basically a wrapper over the standard XML reader the language natively provides which provides application specific data collection. Should the XML reader class be in anyway in the "inheritance path" of the MyClass object - the MyClass objects inherits from the XML reader because it uses a few methods. I can't see why it should. I don't like the idea of declaring an instance of the XML Reader class inside of MyClass and an MyClass object is meant to be a simple "record" from the database and I feel giving it loads of methods, other object instances is a bit messy. Perhaps my XML reader class should be static but C#'s native XMLReader isn't static.? Any comments would be greatly appreciated Thanks Thomas

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  • Object Design catalog and resources

    - by Tauren
    I'm looking for web sites, books, or other resources that provide a catalog of object designs used in common scenarios. I'm not looking for generic design patterns, but for samples of actual object designs that were used to solve real problems. For instance, I'm about to build an internal messaging system for a web application, similar to Facebook's messaging system. This system will allow administrators to send messages to all members, to selected groups of members, or to individuals. Members can send messages to other members or groups of members. Fairly common stuff and a feature that I'm sure thousands of web applications require. I know each situation is different and there are a million ways to design this solution. Although this scenario isn't really all that complex, I'm sure the basic design of the necessary objects and relationships for a system like this has already been done many times. It would be nice to review other similar designs before building my own. Is there a place where people can share their designs and others can browse/search through the catalog to review and provide feedback on them? StackOverflow could be used to a degree for this, but doesn't really provide a catalog of designs. Any other resources that would relate?

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  • Using Zope object unique id ( _p_oid ) to access object itself

    - by Alex M
    Every Zope object has it's own unique id ( _p_oid ). To convert it into integer value: from Shared.DC.xml.ppml import u64 as decodeObjectId oid = decodeObjectId(getattr(<Object instance>, '_p_oid')) Is it possible to get object itself having it's _p_oid? I tried this: from ZODB.utils import p64 object = <RootObject instance>._p_jar[p64(oid)] But it seems it's a wrong way

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