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  • Automatically Snapshoting AWS instances (or other back up strategy)

    - by user1172468
    I just realized that my aws instance count has risen into the double digits. I'm currently backing portions of my folders and dbs and moving them off to a backup instance. What I think I should be doing is taking a snapshot of the instances (automatically) and persisting them on S3 so I have a running 7 day collection of daily backups. There is a question asking the same thing here, however the answers don't go into depth. So the closest answer seems to be: use a cron job to snapshot the instance. So do I run the cron job on the instance itself? or do I have a micro instance to run these snapshots? Could I get an example script or the command for say a linux flavor? what software must I have installed to get this to run? Thanks.

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  • Azure load-balancing strategy

    - by growse
    I'm currently building out a small web deployment using VM instances on MS Azure. The main problem I'm facing at the moment is trying to figure out how to get the load-balancing to detect if a particular VM has failed and not route traffic to that VM. As far as I can tell, there are only only two load-balancing options: Have multiple VMs (web01, web02, web03 etc.) within the same 'cloud service' behind a single VIP, and configure the endpoints to be load balanced. Create multiple 'cloud services', put a single web VM in each and create a traffic manager service across all these services. It appears that (1) is extremely simplistic and doesn't attempt to do any host failure detection. (2) appears to be much more varied, but requires me to put all my webservers in their own individual cloud service. Traffic manager appears to be much more directed at a geographic failover scenario, where you have multiple cloud services across different regions. This approach also has the disadvantage in that my web servers won't be able to communicate with my databases on internal IP addresses, unlike scenario (1). What's the best approach here?

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  • Backup strategy for developer-focused Apple environments?

    - by ewwhite
    It's interesting to see the technological split between structured corporate environments and more developer-driven/startup environments. Some of the Microsoft technologies I take for granted (VSS, Folder Redirection, etc.) simply are not available when managing the increasing number of Apple laptops I see in DevOps shops. I'm interested in centralized and automated backup strategies for a group of 30-40 Apple laptops... How is this typically done safely and securely, assuming these are company-owned machines (versus BYOD)? While Apple has Time Machine, it's geared toward individual computer backups and doesn't seem to work reliably in a group setting. Another issue with these workstations is the presence of Vagrant/Virtual Box VMs on the developers' systems. Time Machine and virtual machines typically don't work well unless the VMs are excluded from the backup set. I'd like a push-based backup process with some flexible scheduling options. I know how to handle the backend storage, but I'm not sure on what needs to be presented to the client systems. Due to the nature of the data here, cloud-based backup may not be a viable option. Any suggestions about how you handle this in your environment would be appreciated. Edit: The virtual machine backups are no longer important. They can be excluded from the process and planning.

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  • Failover strategy for a 4 servers scenario

    - by Joao Villa-Lobos
    Hi all, I am trying to figure out how to set up replication & failover in a scenario with 4 servers (2 per location) where any server may assume the Master role. My initial scenario is the following one: 2 servers in location A (One Master, One Slave); 2 servers in location B (Two Slaves). For this I'm thinking on using the configuration Master-Master Active-Passive suggested on O'Reilly's "High Performance MySQL" on all of them so each one can become a Master when needed. If the Master "dies" the other server from location A assumes the Master role whenever possible. It will always have a bigger priority then the servers on location B. A server on location B will only switch to Master if no server on location A is able to do so. Since MySQL can't handle this automatically I need some other way to implement this. I've read already about heartbeat and Maatkit. Is this the way to go? Has anyone used this in a similar scenario? Is there some other way to go in order to achieve this? Any pointers about failout will be appreciated. I want to keep this as simple as possible avoiding stuff such as DRDB. I'm not concerned about high availability just a way to switch roles automatically without too many hassle. I'm using SuSe Enterprise 10 and MySQL 5.1.30-community. Thanks in advance, João

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  • Backup hardware and strategy on distributed Windows Server 2008 network

    - by CesarGon
    This question is a follow up to this. We have a Windows Server 2008 R2 domain over a network that spans two different buildings, linked by a 100-Mbps point-to-point line. Over 60 users work in the organisation. We are planning to use DFS folders and DFS replication for file serving across the organisation. The estimated data volume is over 2 TB, and will grow at approximately 20% annually. The idea is to set up a DFS file server in each building and use DFS so that all the contents stay replicated over the 100-Mbps link. We are now considering backup hardware and strategies. We are Dell customers and, after browsing the online Dell catalogue, I can see a number of backup hardware options. My main doubts are the following: Would you go for a tape library, disk backup, or are there other options worth considering? Would you perform batch backups (i.e. nightly) or would you use continuous backup (i.e. while users are working)? Would you use a dedicated backup server to which the tape library (or any other backup device) is attached, or is there any other alternative way of doing things? My experience with backup hardware and overall setup is limited, so I appreciate any good piece of advice that you may have. Thanks.

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  • Server 2008 R2 domain windows update strategy

    - by Joost Verdaasdonk
    Let me explain my question a bit. We are a small company that have now made the first move to a bigger network. For now the network contains of 5 servers 2008 R2 (dc,sql,web,etc..). Everything we need is now in place but for now we cannot afford to finish the network by implementing redundant systems. (secondary dc, dns, sql cluster, etc...) For some people this is hard to understand but this is the current situation. (and we are aware and will fix this when we can) Because we want to keep our system secure and up to date I've made sure that all systems are updated regularly. The problem is ofc that the nr of updates Microsoft rolls out that need a system reboot seam to occur more often. (maybe I'm wrong and it just feels like this) ;-) In our domain servers depend on each other for services (like SQL, WEB, or whatever) so just rebooting a server at will is NOT a good idea! For now I update all of them without rebooting at once. After all are up to date I bring them down in the order they are depended on each other. After this I reboot all of them in the inverse order. I understand ofc that if I DID have redundancy in my system that updating and rebooting would not be such a problem because the server task could be taken over by another node but this is something we generally need to add when we can. So my question is. If you read my above situation can you suggest me more Update strategies or general ideas that could help me do this process in a better / faster way? Thanks for your thoughts!

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  • Good Enough Failover Strategy for DNS / MySQL / Email

    - by IMB
    I've asked and read a lot questions regarding DNS failover but the more I read the more complicated it becomes, some people say it's good enough some say it isn't. No clear answers from what I read. I was wondering if we can set it straight once and for all, at least for the requirements of most websites out there. Right now let's assume the following: We don't need really need load-balancing, what we need is a failover solution. We are running a website based on LAMP on a VPS. We need to make sure that the Web Server, MySQL, Email are always accessible if not 99%. Basically here's my idea and questions about it: Web Server: We need at least one failover server (another VPS on a separate data center). Is DNS Failover via Round Robin good, if not, what's the best? And how do you exactly implement it? How do you make the files you upload/delete on Server A is also on Server B? MySQL: I've only read a brief intro to MySQL replication and I assume that I can replicate Server A to Server B and vice versa on the fly right? So just it case Server A fails and Server B is now running, it will continue to work and replicate to Server A when it becomes available. So in essence Server B is now the primary server, and will later on failover to Server A, should a failure happen again. Email: If we are gonna use DNS Failover, using webmail or relying on emails stored on the server is probably not a good idea right? Since some emails might be on Server A while some might be on Server B? I assume a basic email forwarder to a 3rdparty is good enough (like Gmail for example) to ensure all emails are kept in one place. Here's a basic diagram for a better picture: http://i.stack.imgur.com/KWSIi.png

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  • Is this a valid backup strategy for MongoDB?

    - by James Simpson
    I've got a single dedicated server with a MongoDB database of around 10GB. I need to do daily backups, but I can't have downtime with the database. Is it possible to use a replica set on a single disk (with 2 instances of mongod running on different ports), and simply take the secondary one offline and backup the data files to an offsite storage such as S3 (journaling is turned on)? Or would using master/slave be better than a replica set? Is this viable, and if so, what potential problems could I have? If not, how do I conceptualize this to work?

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  • Recover strategy single bad sector in moricon

    - by Damon
    This week, my harddisk made me an early christmas present in the form of a single defect sector. To make up for the puny size of the present, it chose a sector inside moricons.dll for that. This means that now the system takes about 5 minutes to boot before Windows gives up and moves on, and there's 2 dozen scary "critical failure" entries in the system log after every boot, which is annoying. OK, admittedly, I shouldn't complain, it could be worse, the bad sector could be in ntldr... SMART info more or less indicates (for what SMART can indicate anyway) that the drive is mostly OK. Soft Read Error Rate has a score of 96, and Current Pending Sector Count has a raw value of 8, which translates to a score of 100. Acronis DriveMonitor makes this an issue (lowering the overall rating to 75%), HDD Health calls it "excellent", giving an overall rating of 95% (which is what this harddisk from day one). No single score is below 95 (power on hours and spin up count), and most are 100 anyway. Well, whatever, I've seen drives with perfect SMART values fail from one second to the other, and drives with moderate values work for years. So, I'm inclined not to put too much weight into that overall. TL;DR Now... to the problem: I don't feel like trashing the disk just yet (that's planned with a new OS install upgrading to Win7 early next year, independently of this issue), but in the mean time, I would still like to have a smoothly running system again. Therefore, I feel tempted to tamper with it, but before I render my system entirely unusable (since I've never done this before), I'd like to verify that my planned procedere is likely to suceed in having a working system again: Copy moricons.dl_ from the Windows install disk, rename it to moricons.zip, and unzip it. This gives an intact 5.1.2600.2180 version (the broken one is 5.1.2600.5512 - but I guess this makes not much of a difference, since it's an icon-only DLL, and an outdated copy should work better than one that can't be read) Run chkdsk /r /f` which will "repair" the file (i.e. delete the file without asking, tell the drive to remap the sector, and toss some unreadable junk into a file with a hexadecimal number) Hopefully Windows still boots after this (is that a reasonable expectation, or do I need to have something like BartPE ready? -- but then again, what's that good for in case chkdsk has nuked the entire file system...) Delete the junk file generated by chkdsk, copy the new DLL to %windir%\system32 Reboot. Pray. Maybe I just shouldn't touch anything, since it still kind of works... if annoying, but it works. Unsure... But, is there anything fundamentally wrong with the planned approach? Is this a sensible approach at all?

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  • Generalized strategy for file server virtualization in Xenserver

    - by Jamie
    I'm not shopping as much as I'm looking for some guidance on good idea / bad idea strategies. I'm sure I'm not in the "best practices" budget range. Currently, I have 3 dell poweredges running xenserver in a pool. Each node has a ubuntu file server, serving about 6TB. One is the primary, the other two are rsync targets for backup. The 6TB is stored on their respective local storage disks as an LVM of 3x2tb virtual disks. The fileserver VM disks are also stored on the node local disks. Each node also runs a smattering of light-weight VMs for web, development, windows VMs, and stuff like that. Several of those VM's disks reside on a QNAP NAS to play with live migration. These VM's are often clients of the primary file server (like all the mail, web content, user files are stored on the file server, not on the mail, web, and samba VMs). This all works fine, and is a major step up for us. The downside is that the QNAP is a single point of failure. And the only thing the QNAP is doing is serving migratable VM images, not client data. Someday the poweredge local arrays will be full, and we will have to reinvent ourselves again. Is it wise to have heavywieght vms (like the fileserver, with its 6+ TB disks) on a SAN or NAS? Would it be better to keep the VMs lightweight, have the VM images on a SAN or NAS, and use 2 or more NAS act as NFS-serving file appliances? A hybrid SAN/NAS that can serve iscsi for images and NFS for the client vms? It seems like live-magration would be a misnomer if you have to migrate a fileserver with its entire 6+ TB disk. I recognize there are plenty of ways to skin the cat. We've already skinned it a few ways. What makes sense?

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  • Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancing - strategy for zero downtime server restart

    - by Yoga
    I have 5 web servers (Apache/mod_perl) behind Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancing, when I deploy codes to the web servers, I am doing this.. For each machine, shutdown the Apache Update the code Start over the server and proceed to the next server I think when my server is shutdown, ELB will not distribute request to my server, but how about the request still serving? I think a better approach is Stop accepting new request from ELB Sleep for sometimes, shutdown web server only if all requests are responded Update the codes Start the server again But how to perform (1) and (2) from my local sever? Do I need to use AWS API? or other easy way to do it? Thanks.

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  • strategy /insights for avoiding document content loss due to encryption

    - by pbernatchez
    I'm about to encourage a group of people to begin using S-Mime and GPG for digital signatures and encryption. I foresee a nightmare of encrypted documents which can no longer be recovered because of lost keys. The thorniest issue is archiving. The natural way to preserve privacy in an archive is to archive the encrypted document. But that opens us up to the risk of a lost key when time comes to unarchive a document, or a forgotten password. After all it will be a long way in the future. This would be equivalent to having destroyed the document. First thought is archiving keys with documents, but that still leaves the forgotten pass phrase. Archiving the passphrase too would be tantamount to archiving in the clear. No privacy. What approaches do you use? What insights can you offer on the issue?

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  • RAID strategy - 8 1TB drives

    - by alex
    I'm setting up a backup storage device- This machine has Windows Server 2008, on a separate boot drive. It has 8x 1TB drives, and uses a hardware RAID card. My question is, which RAID configuration should I go for? Initially, I was going to go with RAID 5 across all 8 drives, however members on serverFault have advised against it. I was just wondering why? Some people have suggested 2 lots of RAID 5 configuration on 4 of the drives, then striping them... I want to maximise the storage space, as this is a backup unit - will store SQL backups, Acronis Images, files, etc... It won't be for public access, so the I/O won't be that high I wouldn't think.

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  • Can anybody recommend a good data recovery strategy?

    - by Jurassic_C
    So lets say you've failed at preventing a drive failure, and also, you've failed to make a backup of said drive. Push has come to shove and now you need a way to recover you're precious data. Has anybody out there run into this situation? And if so could you please provide any suggestions on how to recover the data based on your experiences? For example have you used any data recovery services that you could either recommend, or that you would definitely avoid if you had a do-over? Thanks in advance

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  • Are first-class functions a substitute for the Strategy pattern?

    - by Prog
    The Strategy design pattern is often regarded as a substitute for first-class functions in languages that lack them. So for example say you wanted to pass functionality into an object. In Java you'd have to pass in the object another object which encapsulates the desired behavior. In a language such as Ruby, you'd just pass the functionality itself in the form of an annonymous function. However I was thinking about it and decided that maybe Strategy offers more than a plain annonymous function does. This is because an object can hold state that exists independently of the period when it's method runs. However an annonymous function by itself can only hold state that ceases to exist the moment the function finishes execution. So my question is: when using a language that features first-class functions, would you ever use the Strategy pattern (i.e. encapsulate the functionality you want to pass around in an explicit object), or would you always use an annonymous function? When would you decide to use Strategy when you can use a first-class function?

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  • Strategy pattern and "action" classes explosion

    - by devoured elysium
    Is it bad policy to have lots of "work" classes(such as Strategy classes), that only do one thing? Let's assume I want to make a Monster class. Instead of just defining everything I want about the monster in one class, I will try to identify what are its main features, so I can define them in interfaces. That will allow to: Seal the class if I want. Later, other users can just create a new class and still have polymorphism by means of the interfaces I've defined. I don't have to worry how people (or myself) might want to change/add features to the base class in the future. All classes inherit from Object and they implement inheritance through interfaces, not from mother classes. Reuse the strategies I'm using with this monster for other members of my game world. Con: This model is rigid. Sometimes we would like to define something that is not easily achieved by just trying to put together this "building blocks". public class AlienMonster : IWalk, IRun, ISwim, IGrowl { IWalkStrategy _walkStrategy; IRunStrategy _runStrategy; ISwimStrategy _swimStrategy; IGrowlStrategy _growlStrategy; public Monster() { _walkStrategy = new FourFootWalkStrategy(); ...etc } public void Walk() { _walkStrategy.Walk(); } ...etc } My idea would be next to make a series of different Strategies that could be used by different monsters. On the other side, some of them could also be used for totally different purposes (i.e., I could have a tank that also "swims"). The only problem I see with this approach is that it could lead to a explosion of pure "method" classes, i.e., Strategy classes that have as only purpose make this or that other action. In the other hand, this kind of "modularity" would allow for high reuse of stratagies, sometimes even in totally different contexts. What is your opinion on this matter? Is this a valid reasoning? Is this over-engineering? Also, assuming we'd make the proper adjustments to the example I gave above, would it be better to define IWalk as: interface IWalk { void Walk(); } or interface IWalk { IWalkStrategy WalkStrategy { get; set; } //or something that ressembles this } being that doing this I wouldn't need to define the methods on Monster itself, I'd just have public getters for IWalkStrategy (this seems to go against the idea that you should encapsulate everything as much as you can!) Why? Thanks

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  • Best branching strategy when doing continuous integration?

    - by KingNestor
    What is the best branching strategy to use when you want to do continuous integration? Release Branching - Unstable Trunk: or Feature Branching - Stable Trunk: Does it make sense to use both of these strategies together? As in, you branch for each release but you also branch for large features? Does one of these strategies mesh better with continuous integration? Would using continuous integration even make sense when using an unstable trunk?

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  • Strategy for converting a VB6 app to .NET

    - by Craig Johnston
    Would it be a good idea to start converting forms into .NET one at a time which you would then invoke from the VB6 app via COM-interop. This way, by the end of the process you would just convert the 'shell' of the VB6 application into a new .NET app, and all your forms are ready to go in .NET. Is there a better strategy?

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  • Selecting merge strategy options for git rebase

    - by porneL
    git-rebase man page mentions -X<option> can be passed to git-merge. When/how exactly? I'd like to rebase by applying patches with recursive strategy and theirs option (apply whatever sticks, rather than skipping entire conflicting commits). I don't want merge, I want to make history linear. I've tried: git rebase -Xtheirs and git rebase -s 'recursive -Xtheirs' but git rejects -X in both cases.

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  • How to implement table-per-concrete-type strategy using entity framework

    - by SDReyes
    Hello Guys! I'm mapping a set of tables that share a common set of fields: So as you can see I'm using a table-per-concrete-type strategy to map the inheritance. But... I have not could to relate them to an abstract type containing these common properties. It's possible to do it using EF? BONUS: The only non documented Entity Data Model Mapping Scenario is Table-per-concrete-type inheritance http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc716779.aspx : P

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  • Windows Server 2008R2 Virtual Lab Activation strategies?

    - by William Hilsum
    I have a ESXi server that I use for testing, however, I am often needing to create additional Windows Server virtual machines. Typically, if I do not need a VM for more than 30 days, I simply do not activate. However, I have been doing a lot of HA/DRS testing recently and I have had a few servers up for more than this time. I have a MSDN account with Microsoft and have already received extra keys for Windows Server 2008 R2. I am doing nothing illegal and I am sure if I asked, they would issue more - but, I do not want to tempt fate! I have got 3 different "activated" windows snapshots I can get to at any time. If I try to clone these machines, I get the usual "did you copy or move them VM" message. If I choose copy, as far as I can see, it changes the BIOS ID and NIC MACs which is enough to disable activation. If I choose move, it keeps the activation fine (obviously, I know to change the NIC MAC - I believe I can leave the BIOS ID without problems). However, either of these options keeps the same SID code for the computer and user accounts. After the activation period has expired, as far as I can see, all that happens is optional updates do not work - it seems that the normal updates work fine. Based on this, as you can easily get in to Windows when not activated without any sort of workaround, I was wondering if it is ok just to leave a machine un activated? (However, I obviously would prefer if it was activated!) Alternatively, how dangerous is it run multiple machines on a non domain environment with the same SID? I am just interested to know if anyone can recommend a strategy for me? I have only found one solution that deals with bypassing activation - I am not interested in doing anything remotely dodgy... at a stretch, I am happy to rearm (I have never needed to keep a server past 100 days), but, I would rather have a proper strategy in place.

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  • Logging strategy vs. performance

    - by vtortola
    Hi, I'm developing a web application that has to support lots of simultaneous requests, and I'd like to keep it fast enough. I have now to implement a logging strategy, I'm gonna use log4net, but ... what and how should I log? I mean: How logging impacts in performance? is it possible/recomendable logging using async calls? Is better use a text file or a database? Is it possible to do it conditional? for example, default log to the database, and if it fails, the switch to a text file. What about multithreading? should I care about synchronization when I use log4net? or it's thread safe out of the box? In the requirements appear that the application should cache a couple of things per request, and I'm afraid of the performance impact of that. Cheers.

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