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• Common reasons for the &lsquo;Sys is undefined&rsquo; error in ASP.NET Ajax applications

    In this blog I will try to summarize the most common reasons for getting the famous 'Sys is undefined' error when running an Ajax enabled web site or application (there are almost one milion results on Google for that phrase). Where does it come from? In every Ajax web pages source you will see a code like this: <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager._initialize('ScriptManager1', document.getElementById('form1')); Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance()._updateControls([], [], [], 90); //]]> </script>   This is the initialization script of the ScriptManager. So, if for some reason the Sys namespace is not available when the code executes you get the Sys is undefined error. Here are the most common reasons and solutions for that problem:   1. The error occurs when you have added a control from RadControls for ASP.NET AJAX, but your application is not configured to use ASP.NET AJAX. For example, in VS 2005 you created a new Blank Site instead of a new Ajax-Enabled Web Site and the Sys is undefined message pops up. To fix it you need to follow the steps described at Configuring ASP.NET Ajax article (check the topic called Adding ASP.NET AJAX Configuration Elements to an Existing Web Site) or simply create the Ajax-Enabled Web Site. You can also check my other blog post on the matter: Visual Studio 2008: Where is the new ASP.NET Ajax-Enabled Web Site template?   2. Authentication - as the website denies access to all pages to unauthorized users, access to the Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd handler is unauthorized (this is the default handler of RadScriptManager). This causes the handler to serve the content of the login page instead of the combined scripts, hence the error. To solve it - add a <location> section to the application configuration file to allow access to Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd to all users, like: <configuration> ... <location path="Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd"> <system.web> <authorization> <allow users="*"/> </authorization> </system.web> </location> ... </configuration>   Note that the access to the standard ScriptResource.axd and WebResource.axd is automatically allowed for all users (authenticated and unauthenticated), so if you use the ScriptManager instead of RadScriptManager - you will not face this problem. The authentication problem does not manifest when you disable script combining or use the CDN. Adding the above configuration section will make it work with RadScriptManagers combined script.   3. The IE6 browser fails to load the compressed script. The problem does not appear in any other browser. There is a well known bug in the older versions of IE6 which lose the first 2,048 bytes of data that are sent back from a Web server that uses HTTP compression. Latest versions of RadScriptManager does not compress the output at all if the client is IE6, but in the previous versions you need to manually disable the output compression to prevent the error. So, if you get the Sys is undefined error in IE6 - update to the latest version of RadControls or simply disable the output compression.   4. Requests to the *.axd files returns Error Code 404 - Not Found. This could  be fixed easily: Check in the IIS management console that the .axd extension (the default HTTP handler extension) is allowed:     Also check if the Verify if file exists checkbox is unchecked (click on the Edit button appearing in the previous screenshot to check). More information can be found in our troubleshooting article and from the ASP.NET QA team blog post   5. The virtual directory in IIS is not marked as Web Application. Converting it to Web Application should fix the problem.   6. Check for the <xhtmlConformance mode="Legacy"/> option in your web.config and remove it. It would be rather rare to become a victim of this exact case, but still have it in mind. Scott Guthrie describes it in more details   In the above points I mentioned several times the terms web resources, javascript output, compressed script. If you want to find out more about these please see the Web Resources Demystified series of my friend and colleague Atanas Korchev   I hope that one of the above solutions will help you get rid of the Sys is undefined error.   Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Fixing a collision detection bug in Slick2D

  - by Jesse Prescott

  My game has a bug with collision detection. If you go against the wall and tap forward/back sometimes the game thinks the speed you travelled at is 0 and the game doesn't know how to get you out of the wall. My collision detection works by getting the speed you hit the wall at and if it is positive it moves you back, if it is negative it moves you forward. It might help if you download it: https://rapidshare.com/files/1550046269/game.zip Sorry if I explained badly, it's hard to explain. float maxSpeed = 0.3f; float minSpeed = -0.2f; float acceleration = 0.002f; float deacceleration = 0.001f; float slowdownSpeed = 0.002f; float rotateSpeed = 0.08f; static float currentSpeed = 0; boolean up = false; boolean down = false; boolean noKey = false; static float rotate = 0; //Image effect system static String locationCarNormal; static String locationCarFront; static String locationCarBack; static String locationCarBoth; static boolean carFront = false; static boolean carBack = false; static String imageRef; boolean collision = false; public ComponentPlayerMovement(String id, String ScarNormal, String ScarFront, String ScarBack, String ScarBoth) { this.id = id; playerBody = new Rectangle(900/2-16, 700/2-16, 32, 32); locationCarNormal = ScarNormal; locationCarFront = ScarFront; locationCarBack = ScarBack; locationCarBoth = ScarBoth; imageRef = locationCarNormal; } @Override public void update(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, int delta) throws SlickException { Input input = gc.getInput(); playerBody.transform(Transform.createRotateTransform(2)); float hip = currentSpeed * delta; float unstuckspeed = 0.05f * delta; if(carBack && !carFront) { imageRef = locationCarBack; ComponentImageRender.updateImage(); } else if(carFront && !carBack) { imageRef = locationCarFront; ComponentImageRender.updateImage(); } else if(carFront && carBack) { imageRef = locationCarBoth; ComponentImageRender.updateImage(); } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_RIGHT)) { rotate += rotateSpeed * delta; owner.setRotation(rotate); } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_LEFT)) { rotate -= rotateSpeed * delta; owner.setRotation(rotate); } if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_UP)) { if(!collision) { up = true; noKey = false; if(currentSpeed < maxSpeed) { currentSpeed += acceleration; } MapCoordStorage.mapX += hip * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(rotate)); MapCoordStorage.mapY -= hip * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(rotate)); } else { currentSpeed = 1; } } else if(input.isKeyDown(Input.KEY_DOWN) && !collision) { down = true; noKey = false; if(currentSpeed > minSpeed) { currentSpeed -= slowdownSpeed; } MapCoordStorage.mapX += hip * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(rotate)); MapCoordStorage.mapY -= hip * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(rotate)); } else { noKey = true; if(currentSpeed > 0) { currentSpeed -= deacceleration; } else if(currentSpeed < 0) { currentSpeed += acceleration; } MapCoordStorage.mapX += hip * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(rotate)); MapCoordStorage.mapY -= hip * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(rotate)); } if(entityCollisionWith()) { collision = true; if(currentSpeed > 0 || up) { up = true; currentSpeed = 0; carFront = true; MapCoordStorage.mapX += unstuckspeed * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(rotate-180)); MapCoordStorage.mapY -= unstuckspeed * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(rotate-180)); } else if(currentSpeed < 0 || down) { down = true; currentSpeed = 0; carBack = true; MapCoordStorage.mapX += unstuckspeed * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(rotate)); MapCoordStorage.mapY -= unstuckspeed * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(rotate)); } else { currentSpeed = 0; } } else { collision = false; up = false; down = false; } if(currentSpeed >= -0.01f && currentSpeed <= 0.01f && noKey && !collision) { currentSpeed = 0; } } public static boolean entityCollisionWith() throws SlickException { for (int i = 0; i < BlockMap.entities.size(); i++) { Block entity1 = (Block) BlockMap.entities.get(i); if (playerBody.intersects(entity1.poly)) { return true; } } return false; } }

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• SSH Connection Refused - Debug using Recovery Console

  - by olrehm

  Hey everyone, I have found a ton of questions answered about debugging why one cannot connect via SSH, but they all seem to require that you can still access the system - or say that without that nothing can be done. In my case, I cannot access the system directly, but I do have access to the filesystem using a recovery console. So this is the situation: My provider made some kernel update today and in the process also rebooted my server. For some reason, I cannot connect via SSH anymore, but instead get a ssh: connect to host mydomain.de port 22: Connection refused I do not know whether sshd is just not running, or whether something (e.g. iptables) blocks my ssh connection attempts. I looked at the logfiles, none of the files in /var/log contain any mentioning on ssh, and /var/log/auth.log is empty. Before the kernel update, I could log in just fine and used certificates so that I would not need a password everytime I connect from my local machine. What I tried so far: I looked in /etc/rc*.d/ for a link to the /etc/init.d/ssh script and found none. So I am expecting that sshd is not started properly on boot. Since I cannot run any programs in my system, I cannot use update-rc to change this. I tried to make a link manually using ln -s /etc/init.d/ssh /etc/rc6.d/K09sshd and restarted the server - this did not fix the problem. I do not know wether it is at all possible to do it like this and whether it is correct to create it in rc6.d and whether the K09 is correct. I just copied that from apache. I also tried to change my /etc/iptables.rules file to allow everything: # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.0 on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [7468813:1758703692] :INPUT ACCEPT [7468810:1758703548] :FORWARD ACCEPT [3:144] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [7935930:3682829426] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [7935933:3682829570] COMMIT # Completed on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.0 on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [7339662:1665166559] :FORWARD ACCEPT [3:144] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [7935930:3682829426] -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 993 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -s localhost -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 -A INPUT -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT COMMIT # Completed on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.0 on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [101662:5379853] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [393275:25394346] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [393273:25394250] COMMIT # Completed on Thu Dec 10 18:05:32 2009 I am not sure this is done correctly or has any effect at all. I also did not find any mentioning of iptables in any file in /var/log. So what else can I do? Thank you for your help.

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• Alienware m15x (older model) BSOD investigation

  - by Crishu

  A frined of mine asked me to help him with an Alienware m15x laptop that had a little service history. It was bought in june 2008, serviced in january 2009 for a random fps drop problem, Alienware returned it saying nothing was wrong. The laptop still had hiccups, but after juggling a few drivers and settings, the fps drops weren't as noticeable. Eventually it died in Sept. 2009. It would not boot up locking itself on a white/gray screen. (i think it was overheating .. clocking in 100 degrees Celsius). So back to Alienware it went. They replaced the GPU and all was fine. Up until these blue screens started showing up. One other thing that was updated was the HDD and a Windows 7 reinstall, in August. From then on it seems to have started its BSOD. Could this be the culprit? Why? 0_o The original Windows was Vista but it was upgraded with a digital download/purchase of Windows 7 Home Premium and activated after installing windows. No errors on the old HDD, just on the latest installation. LE:Due note that now the old HDD is used to see if issues re-occur. So please, I am in need of someone who can interpret these windows dump files: Minidump I may have come to some conflicting conclusions. So if someone can clarify each dump/date and the probable cause/error it had; and a final conclusion or solution, we would be very grateful. Also please consult report for other system info I omitted: same link,code: XRWIVLWG If I missed something or if you have any other questions I'll be happy to answer them. Thank you. Good day. Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T9300 @ 2.50GHz Network Adapter Properties: Broadcom NetLink (TM) Gigabit Ethernet Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGN Video Adapter Properties: Driver Description NVIDIA GeForce 8800M GTX Driver Date 19.08.2009 Driver Version 8.16.11.8681 Driver Provider NVIDIA INF File oem19.inf Hardware ID PCI\VEN_10DE&DEV_060C&SUBSYS_0770152D&REV_A2 Location Information @system32\DRIVERS\pci.sys,#65536;PCI bus %1, device %2, function %3;(1,0,0) PCI Device NVIDIA GeForce 8800M GTX [NoDB] BIOS String Version 62.92.34.0.8 Installed Drivers nvd3dum (8.16.11.8681), nvwgf2um, nvwgf2um Hard Dik Drive: Model ID ST9120823ASG (**older one 120gb**) Model ID WD32000BEKT (new 320gb with fresh OS)

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• Increasing efficiency of N-Body gravity simulation

  - by Postman

  I'm making a space exploration type game, it will have many planets and other objects that will all have realistic gravity. I currently have a system in place that works, but if the number of planets goes above 70, the FPS decreases an practically exponential rates. I'm making it in C# and XNA. My guess is that I should be able to do gravity calculations between 100 objects without this kind of strain, so clearly my method is not as efficient as it should be. I have two files, Gravity.cs and EntityEngine.cs. Gravity manages JUST the gravity calculations, EntityEngine creates an instance of Gravity and runs it, along with other entity related methods. EntityEngine.cs public void Update() { foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e in Entities) { e.Value.Update(); } gravity.Update(); } (Only relevant piece of code from EntityEngine, self explanatory. When an instance of Gravity is made in entityEngine, it passes itself (this) into it, so that gravity can have access to entityEngine.Entities (a dictionary of all planet objects)) Gravity.cs namespace ExplorationEngine { public class Gravity { private EntityEngine entityEngine; private Vector2 Force; private Vector2 VecForce; private float distance; private float mult; public Gravity(EntityEngine e) { entityEngine = e; } public void Update() { //First loop foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e in entityEngine.Entities) { //Reset the force vector Force = new Vector2(); //Second loop foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e2 in entityEngine.Entities) { //Make sure the second value is not the current value from the first loop if (e2.Value != e.Value ) { //Find the distance between the two objects. Because Fg = G * ((M1 * M2) / r^2), using Vector2.Distance() and then squaring it //is pointless and inefficient because distance uses a sqrt, squaring the result simple cancels that sqrt. distance = Vector2.DistanceSquared(e2.Value.Position, e.Value.Position); //This makes sure that two planets do not attract eachother if they are touching, completely unnecessary when I add collision, //For now it just makes it so that the planets are not glitchy, performance is not significantly improved by removing this IF if (Math.Sqrt(distance) > (e.Value.Texture.Width / 2 + e2.Value.Texture.Width / 2)) { //Calculate the magnitude of Fg (I'm using my own gravitational constant (G) for the sake of time (I know it's 1 at the moment, but I've been changing it) mult = 1.0f * ((e.Value.Mass * e2.Value.Mass) / distance); //Calculate the direction of the force, simply subtracting the positions and normalizing works, this fixes diagonal vectors //from having a larger value, and basically makes VecForce a direction. VecForce = e2.Value.Position - e.Value.Position; VecForce.Normalize(); //Add the vector for each planet in the second loop to a force var. Force = Vector2.Add(Force, VecForce * mult); //I have tried Force += VecForce * mult, and have not noticed much of an increase in speed. } } } //Add that force to the first loop's planet's position (later on I'll instead add to acceleration, to account for inertia) e.Value.Position += Force; } } } } I have used various tips (about gravity optimizing, not threading) from THIS question (that I made yesterday). I've made this gravity method (Gravity.Update) as efficient as I know how to make it. This O(N^2) algorithm still seems to be eating up all of my CPU power though. Here is a LINK (google drive, go to File download, keep .Exe with the content folder, you will need XNA Framework 4.0 Redist. if you don't already have it) to the current version of my game. Left click makes a planet, right click removes the last planet. Mouse moves the camera, scroll wheel zooms in and out. Watch the FPS and Planet Count to see what I mean about performance issues past 70 planets. (ALL 70 planets must be moving, I've had 100 stationary planets and only 5 or so moving ones while still having 300 fps, the issue arises when 70+ are moving around) After 70 planets are made, performance tanks exponentially. With < 70 planets, I get 330 fps (I have it capped at 300). At 90 planets, the FPS is about 2, more than that and it sticks around at 0 FPS. Strangely enough, when all planets are stationary, the FPS climbs back up to around 300, but as soon as something moves, it goes right back down to what it was, I have no systems in place to make this happen, it just does. I considered multithreading, but that previous question I asked taught me a thing or two, and I see now that that's not a viable option. I've also thought maybe I could do the calculations on my GPU instead, though I don't think it should be necessary. I also do not know how to do this, it is not a simple concept and I want to avoid it unless someone knows a really noob friendly simple way to do it that will work for an n-body gravity calculation. (I have an NVidia gtx 660) Lastly I've considered using a quadtree type system. (Barnes Hut simulation) I've been told (in the previous question) that this is a good method that is commonly used, and it seems logical and straightforward, however the implementation is way over my head and I haven't found a good tutorial for C# yet that explains it in a way I can understand, or uses code I can eventually figure out. So my question is this: How can I make my gravity method more efficient, allowing me to use more than 100 objects (I can render 1000 planets with constant 300+ FPS without gravity calculations), and if I can't do much to improve performance (including some kind of quadtree system), could I use my GPU to do the calculations?

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• How to allow unprivileged apache/PHP to do a root task (CentOS)

  - by Chris

  I am setting up a sort of personal dropbox for our customers on a CentOS 6.3 machine. The server will be accessible thru SFTP and a proprietary http service base on PHP. This machine will be in our DMZ so it has to be secure. Because of this I have apache running as an unprivileged user, hardened the security on apache, the OS, PHP, applied a lot of filtering in iptables and applied some restrictive TCP Wrappers. Now you might have suspected this one was coming, SELinux is also set to enforcing. I'm setting up PAM to use MySQL so my users in the web application can login. These users will all be in a group that can use SSH only for SFTP and users will be chrooted to their own 'home' folder. To allow this SELinux wants the folders to have the user_home_t tag. Also the parent directory needs to be writable by root only. If these restrictions are not met SELinux will kill the SSH pipe immediately. The files that need to be accessible thru both http and SFTP so I have made a SELinux module to allow Apache to search/attr/read/write etc. to directories with the user_home_dir_t tag. As sftp users are stored in MySQL I want to setup their home dirs upon user creation. This is a problem since Apache has no write access to the /home dir, it's only writable by root since it's required to keep SELinux and OpenSSH happy. Basically I need to let Apache do only a few tasks as root and only within /home. So I need to somehow elevate the privileges temporarily or let root do these tasks for apache instead. What I need to have apache do with root privileges is the following. mkdir /home/userdir/ mkdir /home/userdir/userdir chmod -R 0755 /home/userdir umask 011 /home/userdir/userdir chcon -R -t user_home_t /home/userdir chown -R user:sftp_admin /home/userdir/userdir chmod 2770 /home/userdir/userdir This would create a home for the user, now I have an idea that might work, cron. That would mean the server needs to check for users that have no home every minute, then when creating users the interface would freeze for an average of 30 seconds before the account creation can be confirmed which I do not prefer. Does anybody know if something can be done with sudoers? Or any other idea's are welcome... Thanks for your time!

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• APC PHP cache size does not exceed 32MB, even though settings allow for more

  - by hardy101

  I am setting up APC (v 3.1.9) on a high-traffic WordPress installation on CentOS 6.0 64 bit. I have figured out many of the quirks with APC, but something is still not quite right. No matter what settings I change, APC never actually caches more than 32MB. I'm trying to bump it up to 256 MB. 32MB is a default amount for apc.shm_size, so I am wondering if it's stuck there somehow. I have run the following echo '2147483648' > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax to increase my system's shared memory to 2G (half of my 4G box). Then ran ipcs -lm which returns ------ Shared Memory Limits -------- max number of segments = 4096 max seg size (kbytes) = 2097152 max total shared memory (kbytes) = 8388608 min seg size (bytes) = 1 Also made a change in /etc/sysctl.conf then ran sysctl -p to make the settings stick on the server. Rebooted, too, for good measure. In my APC settings, I have mmap enabled (which happens by default in recent versions of APC). php.ini looks like: apc.stat=0 apc.shm_size="256M" apc.max_file_size="10M" apc.mmap_file_mask="/tmp/apc.XXXXXX" apc.ttl="7200" I am aware that mmap mode will ignore references to apc.shm_segments, so I have left it out with default 1. phpinfo() indicates the following about APC: Version 3.1.9 APC Debugging Disabled MMAP Support Enabled MMAP File Mask /tmp/apc.bPS7rB Locking type pthread mutex Locks Serialization Support php Revision $Revision: 308812 $ Build Date Oct 11 2011 22:55:02 Directive Local Value apc.cache_by_default On apc.canonicalize O apc.coredump_unmap Off apc.enable_cli Off apc.enabled On On apc.file_md5 Off apc.file_update_protection 2 apc.filters no value apc.gc_ttl 3600 apc.include_once_override Off apc.lazy_classes Off apc.lazy_functions Off apc.max_file_size 10M apc.mmap_file_mask /tmp/apc.bPS7rB apc.num_files_hint 1000 apc.preload_path no value apc.report_autofilter Off apc.rfc1867 Off apc.rfc1867_freq 0 apc.rfc1867_name APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS apc.rfc1867_prefix upload_ apc.rfc1867_ttl 3600 apc.serializer default apc.shm_segments 1 apc.shm_size 256M apc.slam_defense On apc.stat Off apc.stat_ctime Off apc.ttl 7200 apc.use_request_time On apc.user_entries_hint 4096 apc.user_ttl 0 apc.write_lock On apc.php reveals the following graph, no matter how long the server runs (cache size fluctuates and hovers at just under 32MB. See image http://i.stack.imgur.com/2bwMa.png You can see that the cache is trying to allocate 256MB, but the brown piece of the pie keeps getting recycled at 32MB. This is confirmed as refreshing the apc.php page shows cached file counts that move up and down (implying that the cache is not holding onto all of its files). Does anyone have an idea of how to get APC to use more than 32 MB for its cache size?? **Note that the identical behavior occurs for eaccelerator, xcache, and APC. I read here: http://www.litespeedtech.com/support/forum/archive/index.php/t-5072.html that suEXEC could cause this problem.

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• linux disk usage report inconsistancy after removing file. cpanel inaccurate disk usage report

  - by brando

  relevant software: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) cpanel installed 11.34.0 (build 7) background and problem: I was getting a disk usage warning (via cpanel) because /var seemed to be filling up on my server. The assumption would be that there was a log file growing too large and filling up the partition. I recently removed a large log file and changed my syslog config to rotate the log files more regularly. I removed something like /var/log/somefile and edited /etc/rsyslog.conf. This is the reason I was suspicious of the disk usage report warning issued by cpanel that I was getting because it didn't seem right. This is what df was reporting for the partitions: $ [/var]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.9G 511M 8.9G 6% / tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 99M 53M 42M 56% /boot /dev/sda8 883G 384G 455G 46% /home /dev/sdb1 9.9G 151M 9.3G 2% /tmp /dev/sda3 9.9G 7.8G 1.6G 84% /usr /dev/sda5 9.9G 9.3G 108M 99% /var This is what du was reporting for /var mount point: $ [/var]# du -sh 528M . clearly something funky was going on. I had a similar kind of reporting inconsistency in the past and I restarted the server and df reporting seemed to be correct after that. I decided to reboot the server to see if the same thing would happpen. This is what df reports now: $ [~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.9G 511M 8.9G 6% / tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 99M 53M 42M 56% /boot /dev/sda8 883G 384G 455G 46% /home /dev/sdb1 9.9G 151M 9.3G 2% /tmp /dev/sda3 9.9G 7.8G 1.6G 84% /usr /dev/sda5 9.9G 697M 8.7G 8% /var This looks more like what I'd expect to get. For consistency this is what du reports for /var: $ [/var]# du -sh 638M . question: This is a nuisance. I'm not sure where the disk usage reports issued by cpanel get their info but it clearly isn't correct. How can I avoid this inaccurate reporting in the future? It seems like df reporting wrong disk usage is a strong indicator of the source problem but I'm not sure. Is there a way to 'refresh' the filesystem somehow so that the df report is accurate without restarting the server? Any other ideas for resolving this issue?

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• Inside Red Gate - Be Reasonable!

  - by simonc

  As I discussed in my previous posts, divisions and project teams within Red Gate are allowed a lot of autonomy to manage themselves. It's not just the teams though, there's an awful lot of freedom given to individual employees within the company as well. Reasonableness How Red Gate treats it's employees is embodied in the phrase 'You will be reasonable with us, and we will be reasonable with you'. As an employee, you are trusted to do your job to the best of you ability. There's no one looking over your shoulder, no one clocking you in and out each day. Everyone is working at the company because they want to, and one of the core ideas of Red Gate is that the company exists to 'let people do the best work of their lives'. Everything is geared towards that. To help you do your job, office services and the IT department are there. If you need something to help you work better (a third or fourth monitor, footrests, or a new keyboard) then ask people in Information Systems (IS) or Office Services and you will be given it, no questions asked. Everyone has administrator access to their own machines, and you can install whatever you want on it. If there's a particular bit of software you need, then ask IS and they will buy it. As an example, last year I wanted to replace my main hard drive with an SSD; I had a summer job at school working in a computer repair shop, so knew what to do. I went to IS and asked for 'an SSD, a SATA cable, and a screwdriver'. And I got it there and then, even the screwdriver. Awesome. I screwed it in myself, copied all my main drive files across, and I was good to go. Of course, if you're not happy doing that yourself, then IS will sort it all out for you, no problems. If you need something that the company doesn't have (say, a book off Amazon, or you need some specifications printing off & bound), then everyone has a expense limit of £100 that you can use without any sign-off needed from your managers. If you need a company credit card for whatever reason, then you can get it. This freedom extends to working hours and holiday; you're expected to be in the office 11am-3pm each day, but outside those times you can work whenever you want. If you need a half-day holiday on a days notice, or even the same day, then you'll get it, unless there's a good reason you're needed that day. If you need to work from home for a day or so for whatever reason, then you can. If it's reasonable, then it's allowed. Trust issues? A lot of trust, and a lot of leeway, is given to all the people in Red Gate. Everyone is expected to work hard, do their jobs to the best of their ability, and there will be a minimum of bureaucratic obstacles that stop you doing your work. What happens if you abuse this trust? Well, an example is company trip expenses. You're free to expense what you like; food, drink, transport, etc, but if you expenses are not reasonable, then you will never travel with the company again. Simple as that. Everyone knows when they're abusing the system, so simply don't do it. Along with reasonableness, another phrase used is 'Don't be an a**hole'. If you act like an a**hole, and abuse any of the trust placed in you, even if you're the best tester, salesperson, dev, or manager in the company, then you won't be a part of the company any more. From what I know about other companies, employee trust is highly variable between companies, all the way up to CCTV trained on employee's monitors. As a dev, I want to produce well-written & useful code that solves people's problems. Being able to get whatever I need - install whatever tools I need, get time off when I need to, obtain reference books within a day - all let me do my job, and so let Red Gate help other people do their own jobs through the tools we produce. Plus, I don't think I would like working for a company that doesn't allow admin access to your own machine and blocks Facebook! Cross posted from Simple Talk.

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• nginx rewrite rule to convert URL segments to query string parameters

  - by Nick

  I'm setting up an nginx server for the first time, and having some trouble getting the rewrite rules right for nginx. The Apache rules we used were: See if it's a real file or directory, if so, serve it, then send all requests for / to Director.php DirectoryIndex Director.php If the URL has one segment, pass it as rt RewriteRule ^/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/$ /Director.php?rt=$1 [L,QSA] If the URL has two segments, pass it as rt and action RewriteRule ^/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/$ /Director.php?rt=$1&action=$2 [L,QSA] My nginx config file looks like: server { ... location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } How do I get the URL segments into Query String Parameters like in the Apache rules above? UPDATE 1 Trying Pothi's approach: # serve static files directly location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /Director.php; rewrite "^/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/$" "/Director.php?rt=$1" last; rewrite "^/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/$" "/Director.php?rt=$1&action=$2" last; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } This produces the output No input file specified. on every request. I'm not clear on if the .php location gets triggered (and subsequently passed to php) when a rewrite in any block indicates a .php file or not. UPDATE 2 I'm still confused on how to setup these location blocks and pass the parameters. location /([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME ${document_root}Director.php?rt=$1{$args}; include fastcgi_params; } UPDATE 3 It looks like the root directive was missing, which caused the No input file specified. message. Now that this is fixed, I get the index file as if the URL were / on every request regardless of the number of URL segments. It appears that my location regular expression is being ignored. My current config is: # This location is ignored: location /([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)/ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index Director.php; set $args $query_string&rt=$1; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /Director.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index Director.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }

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• only removing index.php rule works on my NginX and CodeIgniter as rewrite. Why?

  - by Atomei Cosmin

  I am very new in rewriting in nginx but although I've spent 2 days reading on forums, I still can't get some Codeigniter rewrites working ... server { listen *:80; server_name artademy.com www.artademy.com; root /var/www/artademy.com/web; index index.html index.htm index.php index.cgi index.pl index.xhtml; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?/$1; } if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(index.php\?)/(.*)$ /$1/mobile_app last; break; } error_log /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/artademy.com/error.log; access_log /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/artademy.com/access.log combined; ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files location ~ /\. { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location /stats { index index.html index.php; auth_basic "Members Only"; auth_basic_user_file /var/www/clients/client0/web3/.htpasswd_stats; } location ^~ /awstats-icon { alias /usr/share/awstats/icon; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9012; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; } } Codeigniter settings are: well for uri_protocol: REQUEST_URI; What i noticed is that from this rule: rewrite ^/(.)$ /index.php?/$1; it works ever if i write it like this: rewrite ^/(.)$ /index.php?; It might be a wild guess but it stops at the question mark... Anyhow what I need are rules as these from .htaccess: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^lang=([a-z]{2})$ RewriteRule ^([a-z]{2})$ index.php?/home_page?lang=$1 [L,QSA] RewriteRule ^([a-z]{2})$ index.php?/home_page?lang=$1 [L,QSA] #how_it_works RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^how-it-works/(en)$ index.php?/how_it_works?lang=en [L,QSA] #order_status RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^order-status/(en)$ index.php?/order_status?lang=en [L,QSA] Can anyone tell me what i'm doing wrong and show me a proper way for at least one rule? It would be more than helpful. Thank you in advance! ^^ PS: I made it work on apache by using Path_info for uri_protocol.. if this info is of any help, and i remember having kind of the same problem there too but switching to path_info made it all good.

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• How do you backup 40+ Centos5.5 servers?

  - by John Little

  We are embarrassed to ask this question. Apologies for our lack of UNIX expertise. We have inherited 40+ centos 5.5 servers, and don't know how to back them up. We need low level clone type images so that we could restore the servers from scratch if we had to replace the HDs etc. We have used the "dd" command, but we assume this only works if you want to back up one local disk to another, not 40 servers to one server with an external USB HD attached. All 40 servers have a pair of mirrored disks (dont know if its HW or SW raid). Most only have 100MB used. SErvers are running apache, zend, tomcat, mysql etc. Ideally we dont want to have to shut them down to backup (but could). We assume that standard unix commands like tar, cpio, rsync, scp etc. are of no use as they only copy files, not partitions, all attributes, groups etc. i.e. do not produce a result which can simply be re-imaged to a new HD to get the serer back from dead. We have a large SAN, a spare windows box and spare unix boxes, but these are only visible to one layer in the network. We have an unused Dell DL2000 monster tape unit, but no sw or documentation for it. WE have a copy of symantec backup exec, but we have no budget for unix client licenses. (The company has negative amounts of money). We need to be able to initiate the backup remotely, as we can only access the servers in person in an emergency (i.e. to restore) Googling returns some applications to do this, e.g. clonezilla - looks difficult to install and invasive. Mondo, only seems to support backup if you are local to the machine. Amanda might be an option, but looks like days/weeks of work to learn and setup? Is there anything built into Centos, or do we have to go the route of installing, learning and configuring a set of backup softwares? Any ideas? This must be a pretty standard problem which goggling doesnt give an obvious answer.

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• Caching issue with Centos forwarding DNS server

  - by Paddington

  I installed a Forwarding DNS server on Centos 5.10 and it is resolving addresses e.g google.com. When I stopped named (service named stop) and tried to dig (dig @localhost A google.com) there was a failure to resolve the address. I checked and see the caching daemon nscd is running. Does this mean the server is not caching at all? How can I get it to cache? named.conf options { // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port // randomization // query-source port 53; // query-source-v6 port 53; // Put files that named is allowed to write in the data/ directory: listen-on port 53 {127.0.0.1; 10.0.0.4;}; directory "/var/named"; // the default dump-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; // allow-query {localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; 10.0.0.0/8;}; recursion yes; //allow-query { localhost; 10.0.0.0/8;}; allow-query { localhost; any; }; allow-query-cache { localhost; any; }; forward only; forwarders {8.8.8.8; 8.8.4.4;}; dnssec-enable yes; // dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ // bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; // managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; **

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• Windows Phone 8 Launch Event Summary

  - by Tim Murphy

  Today was the official coming out party for Windows Phone 8.  Below is a summary of the launch event.  There is a lot here to stay with me. They started with a commercial staring Joe Belfiore show how his Windows Phone 8 was personal too him which highlights something I think Microsoft has done well over the last couple of event: spotlight how Windows Phone is a different experience from other smartphones.  Joe actually called iPhone and Android “tired old metaphors" and explained that the idea around Windows Phone was to “reinvent the smartphone around you” as “the most personal smartphone operating system”.  The is the message that they need to drive home in their adds. The only real technical aspect we found out was that they have optimized the operating system around the dual core Qualcomm Snapdragon chip set.  It seems like all of the other hardware goodies had already been announced.  The remainder of the event was centered around new features of the OS and app announcements. So what are we getting?  The integrated features included lock screen live tile, Data Sense, Rooms and Kids corner.  There wasn’t a lot of information about it, but Joe also talked about apps not just having live tiles, but being live apps that could integrate with wallet and the hub. The lock screen will now be able to be personalized with live tile data or even a photo slide show.  This gives the lock screen an even better ability to give you the information you want to know before you even unlock the phone. The Kids Corner allows you as a parent to setup an area on your phone that you kids can go into an use it without disturbing your apps.  They can play games or use apps that you have designated and will only see those apps.  It even has a special lock screen gesture just for the kids corner. Rooms allow you to organize your phone around the groups of people in your life.  You get a shared calendar, a room wall as well as shared notes beyond just being able to send messages to a group.  You can also invite people not on the Windows Phone platform to access an online version of the room. Data Sense is a new feature that gives you better control and understanding of your data plan usage.  You can see which applications are using data and it can automatically adjust they way your phone behaves as you get close to your data limit. Add to these features the fact that the entire Windows ecosystem is integrated with SkyDrive and you have an available anywhere experience that is unequaled by any other platform.  Your document, photos and music are available on your Windows Phone, Window 8 device and Xbox.  SkyDrive also doesn’t limit how long you can keep files like the competing cloud platforms and give more free storage. It was interesting the way they made the launch event more personal.  First Joe brought out his own kids to demo the Kids Corner.  They followed this up by bringing out Jessica Alba to discuss her experience on the Windows Phone 8.  They need to keep putting a face on the product instead of just showing features as a cold list. Then we get to apps.  We knew that the new Skype was coming, but we found out that it was created in such a way that it can receive calls without running consistently in the background which would eat up battery.  This announcement was follow by the coming Facebook app that is optimized for Windows Phone 8.  As a matter of fact they indicated that just after launch the marketplace would have 46 out of the top 50 apps used by all smartphone platforms.  In a rational world this tide with over 120,000 apps currently in the marketplace there should be no more argument about the Windows Phone ecosystem. For those of us who develop for Windows Phone and weren’t on the early adoption program will finally get access to the SDK tomorrow after an announcement at Build (more waiting).  Perhaps we will get a few new features then. In the end I wouldn’t say there were any huge surprises, but I am really excited about getting my hands on the devices next month and starting to develop.  Stay tuned. del.icio.us Tags: Windows Phone,Windows Phone 8,Winodws Phone 8 Launch,Joe Belfiore,Jessica Alba

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• iotop for Linux kernel 2.6.18

  - by Lightsauce

  So it has to come to my attention that iotop isn't availalbe for 2.6.18 since it's less than 2.6.20 and requires Python 2.6+. I've done some research and came across this article: http://lserinol.blogspot.com/2009/09/io-usage-per-process-on-linux.html According to this, if these process have io stats in /proc/pid#/io (where pid# is the process #) it's doable regardless of the kernel version. So, in reality, I could upgrade Python to 2.6 and test out iotop. However, my flavor of Linux, CentOS release 5.5 (Final), only supports Python 2.4.3-44.el5 currently. If I were to do uninstall from yum, it doesn't look so pretty. It ends up wanting to uninstall 235 packages, most of which are very important! I read in one place, online (I forget the URL from yesterday), that you can install Python 2.6+ parallel to this one, and have the rpm install for iotop use that. Well, I didn't choose that route. I figured, what the heck, lets write iotop (not copying it, but reverse engineering it without actually looking at it's code/it in use) in bash. I thought it would just grab the /proc/pid#/io file and parse stats. So I wrote a script to grab the top 10 rchar, wchar, read_bytes, and write_bytes by collecting all these stats from all the /proc/pid#/io files, sorting them by each metric, then grabbing the top 10 highest values. The conclusion, the data seems completely useless. Does anybody know any resources for advanced Linux where I can figure out how to take these /proc/pid#/ directories and figure out what the heck they are doing with io on the disk? My main goal is to figure out what exactly is causing high load on my disk. I just know it's on the / partition (/dev/sda2 in this case), and I'm not really sure how to narrow it down without the help of iotop. If I run iostat to grab metrics for 1 minute, every second, the first result it gives me shows a high 'kB_read/s', so that makes me think, it's reading mostly. However, if I watch the update it gives me every second, it's actually just showing values for kB_wrtn/s. This makes me think the initial value iostat gives me is misleading.

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• ComboBox Data Binding

  - by Geertjan

  Let's create a databound combobox, levering MVC in a desktop application. The result will be a combobox, provided by the NetBeans ChoiceView, that displays data retrieved from a database: What follows is not much different from the NetBeans Platform CRUD Application Tutorial and you're advised to consult that document if anything that follows isn't clear enough. One kind of interesting thing about the instructions that follow is that it shows that you're able to create an application where each element of the MVC architecture can be located within a separate module: Start by creating a new NetBeans Platform application named "MyApplication". Model We're going to start by generating JPA entity classes from a database connection. In the New Project wizard, choose "Java Class Library". Click Next. Name the Java Class Library "MyEntities". Click Finish. Right-click the MyEntities project, choose New, and then select "Entity Classes from Database". Work through the wizard, selecting the tables of interest from your database, and naming the package "entities". Click Finish. Now a JPA entity is created for each of the selected tables. In the Project Properties dialog of the project, choose "Copy Dependent Libraries" in the Packaging panel. Build the project. In your project's "dist" folder (visible in the Files window), you'll now see a JAR, together with a "lib" folder that contains the JARs you'll need. In your NetBeans Platform application, create a module named "MyModel", with code name base "org.my.model". Right-click the project, choose Properties, and in the "Libraries" panel, click Add Dependency button in the Wrapped JARs subtab to add all the JARs from the previous step to the module. Also include "derby-client.jar" or the equivalent driver for your database connection to the module. Controler In your NetBeans Platform application, create a module named "MyControler", with code name base "org.my.controler". Right-click the module's Libraries node, in the Projects window, and add a dependency on "Explorer & Property Sheet API". In the MyControler module, create a class with this content: package org.my.controler; import org.openide.explorer.ExplorerManager; public class MyUtils { static ExplorerManager controler; public static ExplorerManager getControler() { if (controler == null) { controler = new ExplorerManager(); } return controler; } } View In your NetBeans Platform application, create a module named "MyView", with code name base "org.my.view".  Create a new Window Component, in "explorer" view, for example, let it open on startup, with class name prefix "MyView". Add dependencies on the Nodes API and on the Explorer & Property Sheet API. Also add dependencies on the "MyModel" module and the "MyControler" module. Before doing so, in the "MyModel" module, make the "entities" package and the "javax.persistence" packages public (in the Libraries panel of the Project Properties dialog) and make the one package that you have in the "MyControler" package public too. Define the top part of the MyViewTopComponent as follows: public final class MyViewTopComponent extends TopComponent implements ExplorerManager.Provider { ExplorerManager controler = MyUtils.getControler(); public MyViewTopComponent() { initComponents(); setName(Bundle.CTL_MyViewTopComponent()); setToolTipText(Bundle.HINT_MyViewTopComponent()); setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); controler.setRootContext(new AbstractNode(Children.create(new ChildFactory<Customer>() { @Override protected boolean createKeys(List list) { EntityManager entityManager = Persistence. createEntityManagerFactory("MyEntitiesPU").createEntityManager(); Query query = entityManager.createNamedQuery("Customer.findAll"); list.addAll(query.getResultList()); return true; } @Override protected Node createNodeForKey(Customer key) { Node customerNode = new AbstractNode(Children.LEAF, Lookups.singleton(key)); customerNode.setDisplayName(key.getName()); return customerNode; } }, true))); controler.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() { @Override public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) { Customer selectedCustomer = controler.getSelectedNodes()[0].getLookup().lookup(Customer.class); StatusDisplayer.getDefault().setStatusText(selectedCustomer.getName()); } }); JPanel row1 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING)); row1.add(new JLabel("Customers: ")); row1.add(new ChoiceView()); add(row1); } @Override public ExplorerManager getExplorerManager() { return controler; } ... ... ... Now run the application and you'll see the same as the image with which this blog entry started.

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• two different virtual hosts, one page displayed

  - by majdal

  Hello! I have two different sites configured using virtual hosts (the content of the virtualhost files is posted below) i just copied the default file and edited a few lines... When i direct my browser to either of the two sites, only the content of the first of the two appears... Why? <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/hunterprojects.com/public_html <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/hunterprojects.com/public_html> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> AND THE SECOND ONE: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/dodolabarchive.ca/public_html <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/dodolabarchive.ca/public_html> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost>

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• How did what appears to be a virus get on my computer? (explanation of situation enclosed)

  - by Massimo

  My system is Windows XP SP3, updated with the latest patches. The PC is connected to a Cisco 877 ADSL router, which does NAT from the internal network to its single static public IP address. There are no forwarded ports, and the router's management console can only be accessed from the inside. I was doing two things: working on a remote office machine via VPN and browsing some web pages on the Cisco web site. The remote network is absolutely safe (it's a lab network, four virtual servers, no publicly accessible services and no users at all; also, none of what I'm going to describe ever happened there). The Cisco web site... well, I suppose is quite safe, too. Suddenly, something happened. Strange popups appears anywhere; programs claiming they're "antimalware", "antispyware" et so on begins autoinstalling; fake Windows Update and Security Center icons pop up in the system tray. svchost.exe began crashing repeatedly. Then, finally, after some minutes of this... BSOD. And, upon rebooting, BSOD again. Even in safe mode. Ok, that was obviously some virus/trojan/whatever. I had to install a new copy of Windows on another partition to clean things up. I found strange executables, services and DLLs almost anywhere. Amongst the other things, user32.dll and ndis.sys had been replaced. A fake software called "Antimalware Doctor" had been installed. There were services with completely random names or even GUIDs (!), and also ones called "IpSect" and "Darkness". There were executable files without an .exe extension. There were even two boot-class drivers, which I'm quite sure are the ones that finally caused the system to crash. A true massacre. Ok, now the questions: What the hell was that?!? It was something more than a simple virus! How did it manage to attack my computer, as I am behind a firewall and was not doing anything even only potentially harmful on the web at the time?

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• Reach self hosted server from LAN

  - by Freefri

  I have a self hosted server with Apache2 pointed with the domain example.com. I have also some virtual servers www.example.com, cloud.examle.com, etc. This server is in my LAN, and when I try to acces to my server within the lan throw www.examle.com y get my router's configuration page. From outside the LAN www.example.com and cloud.examle.com works properly. From inside the LAN 192.168.1.33 (server internal IP) shows the default webpage (www.examle.com), but I can not get cloud.examle.com I also have a LAN name server in 192.168.1.33 with bind9. I set up my gateway 192.168.1.1 with my LAN-NS as primary NS I solve this problem creating a new dns zone in the NS. This are my config files: ;ZONE-1 $ORIGIN . $TTL 86400 ; 1 day home.lan. IN SOA server.home.lan. hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2008080901 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; minimum ) home.lan. IN NS server.home.lan. $ORIGIN home.lan. ; Set the address for localhost.home.lan localhost IN A 127.0.0.1 router IN A 192.168.1.1 server IN A 192.168.1.33 mypc IN A 192.168.1.132 ;ZONE-2 $ORIGIN . $TTL 86400 ; 1 day example.com. IN SOA www.example.com hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2008080902 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; minimum ) example.com. IN NS 192.168.1.33 $ORIGIN examle.com. localhost IN A 127.0.0.1 www IN A 192.168.1.33 cloud IN A 192.168.1.33 My DNS and my names are working properly now My question are: What do you think about my solution? Can I change the A zone with CNAME to server.home.lan (this is the domain in the LAN to the server)? How can I set a default IP for all my whatever.example.com?

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• Issue using a "used" SSD as a Windows 8.1 Boot Drive

  - by EpiGrad

  So, I'm something of a Mac person, but decided to take a stab at this whole "build yourself a PC" thing - right now, the thing is assembled, posts just fine, and can get to the BIOS. The problem is the drive I want to use - I intended to use a 80 GB Corsair SSD I've had sitting around as the boot drive, and a new Samsung SSD for games and the like. So I boot using a Windows 8.1 install USB stick, and if the Samsung drive is plugged in, it happily offers to install Windows on it. The Corsair drive though, it's flipped out - I reformatted it as a blank NTFS drive (it was HFS for Mac purposes) and the BIOS can't see it, nor can the Windows installer. What's wrong, and how do I fix it? The tools at my disposal are: The current ASUS BIOS that came with my motherboard (a Z87I-Deluxe), a Mac running the latest OS X which can also boot to Windows 7 if needed via either Parallels or Bootcamp. Update 1: Update: Based on a friend's suggestion to switch SATA ports, Windows 8.1's installer can now see the drive as Drive 0, Partition 1, a 83.8 GB "Primary" partition. But when I click it and hit "Next", I get the following error: "We couldn't create a new partition or locate an existing one. For more information, see the Setup log files" - not that it gives any clue how to access those. Update 2: Following a trail of Google suggestions, I ended up going into advanced tools and just reformatting the drive as follows: Start DISKPART. Type LIST DISK and identify your SSD disk number (from 0 to n disks). Type SELECT DISK <n> where <n> is your SSD disk number. Type CLEAN Type CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY Type ACTIVE Type FORMAT FS=NTFS QUICK Type ASSIGN Type EXIT twice (one to get out of DiskPart, the other to exit the command line tool) Per these instructions. This goes well enough, but now I can select the disk for installation, and I get a new error: "Windows 8 cannot be installed to this disk. The selected disk has an MBR partition table. On EFI systems, Windows can only be installed to GP disks." So, Googling that, I do the following: select disk 0 clean convert gpt exit ...and we might have fixed it. Windows is at least trying to install now.

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• General guidelines / workflow to convert or transfer video "professionally"?

  - by cloneman

  I'm an IT "professional" who sometimes has to deal with small video conversion / video cutting projects, and I'd like to learn "the right way" to do this. Every time I search Google, there's always a disaster for weird, low-maturity trialware, or random forums threads from 3-4 years ago indicating various antiquated method to do it. The big question is the following: What are the "general" guidelines and tools to transcode video into some efficient (lossless?) intermediary, for editing purposes, for the purpose of eventually re-encoding it after? It seems to me like even the simplest of formats and tasks are a disaster of endless trial & error, or expertise only known by hardened experts who have a swiss army kife of weird conversion tools that they use, almost as if mounting an attack against the project. Here are a few cases in point: Simple VOB files extracted from DVD footage can't be imported into Adobe Premiere directly. Virtualdub is an old software people keep recommending but doesn't seem to support newer formats. I don't even know how to tell with certainty which codecs a video has, and weather the image is interlaced or not, and what resolution and codecs I'm dealing with. Problems: Choosing a wrong interlace option which diminishes quality Choosing a wrong pixel aspect ratio (stretches the image) Choosing a wrong "project type" in Premiere causing footage to require scaling Being forced to use some weird program that will have any number of negative effects What I'm looking for: Books or "Real knowledge" on format conversions, recognized tools, etc. that aren't some random forum guides on how to deal with video formats. Workflow guidelines on identifying a format going from one format to another without problems as mentioned above. Documentation on what programs like Adobe Premiere can and can't do with regards to formats, so that I don't use a wrench as a hammer. TL;DR How should you convert or "prepare" a video file to ensure it will be supported by Premiere for editing? Is premiere a suitable program to handle cropping, encoding, or should other tools be used for this, when making a video montage from a variety of source formats? What are some good books to read that specifically deal with converting videos that use any number of codecs?

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• Adding local users / passwords on Kerberized Linux box

  - by Brian

  Right now if I try to add a non-system user not in the university's Kerberos realm I am prompted for a Kerberos password anyway. Obviously there is no password to be entered, so I just press enter and see: passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged Typing passwd newuser has the same issue with the same message. I tried using pwconv in the hopes that only a shadow entry was needed, but it changed nothing. I want to be able to add a local user not in the realm and give them a local password without being bothered about Kerberos. I am on Ubuntu 10.04. Here are my /etc/pam.d/common-* files (the defaults that Ubuntu's pam-auth-update package generates): account # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) account [success=1 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so # here's the fallback if no module succeeds account requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around account required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) account required pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 # end of pam-auth-update config auth # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass # here's the fallback if no module succeeds auth requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around auth required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) # end of pam-auth-update config password # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) password requisite pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 password [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so obscure use_authtok try_first_pass sha512 # here's the fallback if no module succeeds password requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around password required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) # end of pam-auth-update config session # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) session [default=1] pam_permit.so # here's the fallback if no module succeeds session requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around session required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) session optional pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 session required pam_unix.so # end of pam-auth-update config

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• www.domain redirecting to google?

  - by aayush

  Note: A while back i had no place to host my domain, then via namecheap i set it to forward my domain to google I bought webhosting again today and everything was working fine. I set up vhosts and set up www.domain as the server alias. Both worked. Then i tried to set up a alternate subdomain test.domain, but failed (I did it by creating a alternate vhost right below the current one) as it kept redirecting to google. As a test, i replaced the www with test in serveralias, it still redirected to google but now even www redirects to google. I am using cloudflare, and i am really confused how to go about this. I tried listing www as a cname and as a A record, still redirecting to google. I tried checking via proxies e.t.c, its universal and hence not a problem of my PC. Please help, i am really distressed by this. I am running a ubuntu 13.10 x32 stack with LAMP. Here is what my domain.com.conf file looks like <VirtualHost *:80> # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless. # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly. ServerName domain.com ServerAlias www.domain.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/domain.com/public_html # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular # modules, e.g. #LogLevel info ssl:warn ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf". #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf </VirtualHost> There is a valid index.php file at the end of the documentroot aswell. The website in question is aayushagra.com Edit: On cloudflare i tried removing the www entirely, and it still sent me to google Edit: Zone file ;; Domain: aayushagra.com ;; Exported: 2013-11-03 07:37:52 ;; ;; This file is intended for use for informational and archival ;; purposes ONLY and MUST be edited before use on a production ;; DNS server. In particular, you must: ;; -- update the SOA record with the correct authoritative name server ;; -- update the SOA record with the contact e-mail address information ;; -- update the NS record(s) with the authoritative name servers for this domain. ;; ;; For further information, please consult the BIND documentation ;; located on the following website: ;; ;; http://www.isc.org/ ;; ;; And RFC 1035: ;; ;; http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1035.txt ;; ;; Please note that we do NOT offer technical support for any use ;; of this zone data, the BIND name server, or any other third-party ;; DNS software. ;; ;; Use at your own risk. ;; $ORIGIN aayushagra.com. @ 3600 IN SOA aayushagra.com. root.aayushagra.com. ( 2013110301 ; serial 7200 ; refresh 3600 ; retry 86400 ; expire 3600) ; minimum ;; MX Records aayushagra.com. 300 IN MX aayushagra.com. ;; CNAME Records direct.aayushagra.com. 300 IN CNAME aayushagra.com. ;; A Records (IPv4 addresses) www.aayushagra.com. 300 IN A 146.185.140.31 aayushagra.com. 300 IN A 146.185.140.31

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• NGINX rewrite rules help. Redirect not working and want to get rid of index.php in urls

  - by Tamerax

  hey! I have 2 questions for nginx users. 1) I'm trying to setup my joomla server onto my new linode running NGINX and after much (like days) of searching and testing, I finally have a config that works with with SEF url plugins...sorta. I was using an apache system on the old server and it used mod_rewrite and life was fine in terms of SEF. Since NGINX doesn't have mod_rewrite, I found something that works BUT it constantly leaves index.php in the urls. ex: http://mysite.com/index.php/forum i want it to be just http://mysite.com/forum but without mod_rewrite it doesn't seem to be possible in joomla that i'm aware of. I know in wordpress it IS possible but I have to use a plugin. Here is my config file: server { listen 80; server_name mysite.com www.mysite.com; access_log /home/public_html/mysite.com/log/access.log; error_log /home/public_html/mysite.com/log/error.log; root /home/public_html/mysite.com/public/; large_client_header_buffers 4 8k; # prevent some 400 errors index index.php index.html; fastcgi_index index.php; location / { expires 30d; error_page 404 = @joomla; log_not_found off; } # Rewrite location @joomla { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?q=last; } # Static Files location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; } # PHP location ~ \.php { keepalive_timeout 0; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/public_html/mysite.com/public /$fastcgi_script_name; } } 2) second question should be easy but i can't get it to work. I want to use the same config I posted above and have either mysite.com or www.mysite.com both forward to mysite.com/portal. Basically when you hit up the front page with or without the www, it all gets forwarded to a sub directory on the server I called Portal. I have tried several variations of: rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.example.com/portal/$1 permanent; but it usually ends with firefox telling me there is some crazy loop happening the address bar saying something like mysite.com/portalportalportalportalportal.........on and on. So, any help on either of these issues would be awesome!! Thanks!!

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• cakephp & nginx config/rewrite rules

  - by seanl

  Hi somebody please help me out, I've asked this at stackoverflow as well but not got much of a response and was debating whether it was programming or server related. I’m trying to setup a cakephp environment on a Centos server running Nginx with Fact CGI. I already have a wordpress site running on the server and a phpmyadmin site so I have PHP configured correctly. My problem is that I cannot get the rewrite rules setup correct in my vhost so that cake renders pages correctly i.e. with styling and so on. I’ve googled as much as possible and the main consensus from the sites like the one listed below is that I need to have the following rewrite rule in place location / { root /var/www/sites/somedomain.com/current; index index.php index.html; # If the file exists as a static file serve it # directly without running all # the other rewrite tests on it if (-f $request_filename) { break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+)$ /index.php?url=$1 last; break; } } http://blog.getintheloop.eu/2008/4/17/nginx-engine-x-rewrite-rules-for-cakephp problem is these rewrite assume you run cake directly out of the webroot which is not what I want to do. I have a standard setup for each site i.e. one folder per site containing the following folders log, backup, private and public. Public being where nginx is looking for its files to serve but I have cake installed in private with a symlink in public linking back to /private/cake/ this is my vhost server { listen 80; server_name app.domain.com; access_log /home/public_html/app.domain.com/log/access.log; error_log /home/public_html/app.domain.com/log/error.log; #configure Cake app to run in a sub-directory #Cake install is not in root, but elsewhere and configured #in APP/webroot/index.php** location /home/public_html/app.domain.com/private/cake { index index.php; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+)$ /home/public_html/app.domain.com/private/cake/$1 last; break; } } location /home/public_html/app.domain.com/private/cake/ { index index.php; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+)$ /home/public_html/app.domain.com/public/index.php?url=$1 last; break; } } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/public_html/app.domain.com/private/cake$fastcgi_script_name; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } } Now like I said I can see the main index.php of cake and have connected it to my DB but this page is without styling so before I proceed any further I would like to configure it correctly. What am I doing wrong………. Thanks seanl

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