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• Increase Volume of an MKV Video from Linux Terminal

  - by The How-To Geek

  I've got a large amount of .MKV video files which seem to all play at a very low volume - I end up having to turn the TV up all the way to hear them, which is really irritating when I switch to another channel and wake the dead because it's so loud. What I'm looking for is a command-line method to increase the volume (so I can run it on all of them quickly) that would hopefully work regardless of the audio codec in use in the particular file. (I don't mind hard-coding the output audio though). For reference, I'm using Ubuntu 9.04 on my server, and the files are being played back with Boxee on a Mac Mini, but the volume problem is the same on Windows too.

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• Best linux distribution for Java build server & ...

  - by ashkanr

  Hi all, we are trying to setup a build server for building our Java projects. Following software will be installed: * Subversion * Jira/Confluence/Crucible/Fisheye ... * Bamboo (continuous integration solution) I have 2 questions: 1. Which dist of linux is better suited in your opinion? Our current candidates are: openSUSE, CentOS, Gentoo, Mandriva. 2. Is it possible to build something like an image after finishing setup process and burn it on hard drive for next customers without need to repeat all installation and config process? Thanks in advance,

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• Queue emails under linux

  - by md1337

  I have a slow distant mail relay server and a web application I'm using locks up when sending e-mails to that distant mail server, until the e-mail is sent. After the e-mail is sent the page comes back and the application is snappy again. SO I'm trying to set up a differed mail queue locally on the application server (linux) so that the application uses that instead of the distant mail server. My rationale is that e-mails would get queued up locally until they are processed by the distant mail server, but at least the application doesn't lock up. I have installed postfix and set up the relayhost setting to the distant mail server, but performance has not improved. What appears to happen is that postfix just forwards my SMTP instructions in real time and doesn't really queue them? What can I do? Thanks!

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• Editing files on linux server from windows

  - by celicni

  I want to edit text files on Linux server from Windows, using text editor like Notepad++ or UltraEdit. I've managed to do so using WinSCP. It can edit files remotely and offers me to choose local application to open those files. That is exactly what I need, but when I hit ctrl-s (not every time, in about 50% cases), it waits for around 10 seconds, alerts that connection has failed, and offers me to "abort". When I click abort, it instantly reconnect and save file. So does anybody knows any other way to edit files remotely without this annoying waiting period.

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• Linux/Solaris replace hostnames in files according to hostname rule

  - by yael

  According to the following Perl command ( this command part of ksh script ) I can replaced old hostnames with new hostnames in Linux or Solaris previos_machine_name=linux1a new_machine_name=Red_Hat_linux1a export previos_machine_name export new_machine_name . perl -i -pe 'next if /^ *#/; s/(\b|[[:^alnum:]])$ENV{previos_machine_name}(\b|[[:^alnum:]])/$1$ENV{new_machine_name}$2/g' file EXPLAIN: according to perl command - we not replaces hostnames on the follwoing case: RULE: [NUMBERS]||[letter]HOSTNAME[NUMBERS]||[letter] my question after I used the Perl command in order to replace all old hostnames with new hostnames based on the "RULE" in the Perl command how to verify that the old hostnames not exist in file ? for example previos_machine_name=linux1a new_machine_name=Red_Hat_linux1a more file AAARed_Hat_linux1a verification should be ignore from this line @Red_Hat_linux1a$ verification should be match this line P=Red_Hat_linux1a verification should be match this line XXXRed_Hat_linux1aZZZ verification should be ignore from this line . . . .

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• Tricking Linux apps about current time with environment variables

  - by geek

  Sometimes it is possible to trick a Linux app by calling it like this: HOME=/tmp/foo myapp This would make myapp think /tmp/foo is the home directory, it won't try to get the user id, find its home directory via getpwent(). This is useful when myapp must be forced to dump some of its config files into a non-standard location different than ~. A similar trick can be done like this: LANG=foo LC_ALL=bar myapp This is useful when myapp needs to be called once with a different locale without having to make the change persistent by using the export bash built-in or even modify stuff in /etc/profile. Is it possible to pull the same trick with time and date? The goal is to make an app use another time than the system ones. The final goal - to make timestamps that appear in logs/commit messages not being tied to the system time.

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• Understanding RAM usage on Linux

  - by stebbo

  I'm completely new to Linux and I'm just trying to understand where all my RAM is going. I've got a pretty fresh install of Xubuntu running as a VMWare guest, and I've given it 1.5GB RAM to play with. After only running two apps starting up Tomcat servers and also running Firefox, I've got hardly anything left. 160MB according to free -m. Looking at the output from Top, I see Java appearing twice, each stealing about 1/2 Gig resident memory. Both Tomcat instances use the same jdk, I would have thought I'd only see Java there once. What's the story? I had a screenshot but unfortunately couldn't post it being under 10 rep. Update The free -m output requested: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 1419 1380 39 0 8 111 -/+ buffers/cache: 1259 160 Swap: 509 68 441 Top (coming)

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• Back up Linux environment

  - by joesavage

  I'm currently in the process of installing a bunch of stuff I need and getting setup my Linode that I recently purchased. Being a Linux newbie, I'm doing pretty well - but one small mistake can screw everything up for me. I've currently got apache2 and some other things successfully installed and setup how I want them, and DO NOT want this to be ruined by some newbie mistake. What is the easiest way to backup the actual environment itself so that I can restore the backed up environment (with apache2 and things fully working) if I mess up?

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• How to compare differences between directories (linux)

  - by Phil

  I have two directories - one from earlier backup and second from newest backup. How do i compare what changes were made to files in directory from newest backup on Linux? Also how do i display changes in for example text and php files - i'm thinking about something like revision history on wikipedia where you see old version on one side of the screen and newest version on other and changes are highlighted. How do i achieve something like that? edit: How do i also compare remote dir with local?

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• Wait for linux machine to be rebooted

  - by Theo

  I have a small script to install on my remote machine an update. I would like to reboot the machine remotely and if it is rebooted, continue with some more commands. What I currently do is: ssh root@myMachine << COMMANDS_ISSUED ###... Tasks init 6 COMMANDS_ISSUED sleep 180s ssh root@myMachine << POST_REBOOT_COMMANDS ###.... More stuff POST_REBOOT_COMMANDS Is there a more elegant way to do it? Like pinging the machine all 5 seconds up to a maximum of 4 minutes? I play with a few linux machines which have different boot up times and if my script would continue immediately after reboot, this could safe quite some time for me. (Note: I don't want to parallelize execution over all machines as I want to see for each machine if everything worked fine)

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• Connect a linux server to network and access it from another computer browser

  - by user1732451

  I had a server in a hosting company and I took it home. I need to connect him to a local network (not wifi) and access to the server from another computer in the network via browser, like I did it when it was in the hosting company. I don't have any knowledge in linux, I just know how to type in the command line :) I thinks all the IP configuration of the server is one big mess, because it passed from more then one hosting company to another... I tried a lot of tutorials that I found in the web, but nothing works - mainly because I don't know how to check if I did something wrong. I just need to know how to connect to local network ( D-Link router) and then access the server from another computer browser. thanks update: the server os is: CentOS release 4.8 (Final)

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• Best Linux distro for media server on older box

  - by fauxpride

  I have an older machine with these specs: CPU: AMD Athlon X2 @ 2,8 Ghz, 2MB L2 RAM: 4 GB DDR2@ 800 Mhz GPU: Asus 4890 TOP 1 GB I want to turn the machine into a media server via XBMC (so good video and wireless peripherial driver support would also be a plus), but I also want to use it as an OpenVPN server so I can tunnel RDP to my other Windows machine in the network. I mostly want to use a Debian based distro (for the convenience of apt) and right now my options are: Ubuntu, Xubuntu or Mint. Which one do you think is more fitting? Thanks in advance.

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• Good development themes/environments for Gnome/kde/whatever?

  - by EvanAlm

  I've searched forever for good themes or customized versions of any type of x-server that is designed for development in terms of web productions/programming for all kind of stuffs. Features such as simplified workspace overviews, good tabbing support etc. For multimedia "UbuntuStudio" exists, and something like that but for programming instead. I know that it's possible to customize it by myself but I don't have the skills to make it all happen. Another reason why it's hard for me to customize it is that I simply do not know everything that would make it good for me. I've looked into gnome-shell and it has (according to me) superb workspace overview functions, but lacks in other spaces instead. Any help in finding a good solution for me in this case is appreciated. If some of you also have had this problem and found a solution that works for you, please tell me how you did :) Would love to solve this for once!

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• Moving from Windows to Ubuntu.

  - by djzmo

  Hello there, I used to program in Windows with Microsoft Visual C++ and I need to make some of my portable programs (written in portable C++) to be cross-platform, or at least I can release a working version of my program for both Linux and Windows. I am total newcomer in Linux application development (and rarely use the OS itself). So, today, I installed Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (through Wubi) and equipped Code::Blocks with the g++ compiler as my main weapon. Then I compiled my very first Hello World linux program, and I confused about the output program. I can run my program through the "Build and Run" menu option in Code::Blocks, but when I tried to launch the compiled application externally through a File Browser (in /media/MyNTFSPartition/MyProject/bin/Release; yes, I saved it in my NTFS partition), the program didn't show up. Why? I ran out of idea. I need to change my Windows and Microsoft Visual Studio mindset to Linux and Code::Blocks mindset. So I came up with these questions: How can I execute my compiled linux programs externally (outside IDE)? In Windows, I simply run the generated executable (.exe) file How can I distribute my linux application? In Windows, I simply distribute the executable files with the corresponding DLL files (if any) What is the equivalent of LIBs (static library) and DLLs (dynamic library) in linux and how to use them? In Windows/Visual Studio, I simply add the required libraries to the Additional Dependencies in the Project Settings, and my program will automatically link with the required static library(-ies)/DLLs. Is it possible to use the "binary form" of a C++ library (if provided) so that I wouldn't need to recompile the entire library source code? In Windows, yes. Sometimes precompiled *.lib files are provided. If I want to create a wxWidgets application in Linux, which package should I pick for Ubuntu? wxGTK or wxX11? Can I run wxGTK program under X11? In Windows, I use wxMSW, Of course. If question no. 4 is answered possible, are precompiled wxX11/wxGTK library exists out there? Haven't tried deep google search. In Windows, there is a project called "wxPack" (http://wxpack.sourceforge.net/) that saves a lot of my time. Sorry for asking many questions, but I am really confused on these linux development fundamentals. Any kind of help would be appreciated =) Thanks.

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• Bejeweled Twist clone for Gnu/linux

  - by Andrew

  What is The best Bejeweled Twist clone for Gnu/linux. I know about like Kdiamond and Geweled, but those games are don't have sound or good graphics. I know One good Bejeweled Clone for Gnu/Linux Hotei Jewels Relax but that wasn't a Bejeweled Twist clone. F.I.Y I only run thing natively in Gnu/Linux And I don't use Compatibility layers or emulations over they are buggy and they don't use the Gnu/linux file hierarchy. Thank you.

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• Ubuntu 11.10, using wget/curl fails with ssl

  - by Greg Spiers

  Note: See edit 3 for solution On a completely new install of Ubuntu I'm getting the following errors when using wget: wget https://test.sagepay.com --2012-03-27 12:55:12-- https://test.sagepay.com/ Resolving test.sagepay.com... 195.170.169.8 Connecting to test.sagepay.com|195.170.169.8|:443... connected. ERROR: cannot verify test.sagepay.com's certificate, issued by `/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)06/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL SGC CA': Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority. To connect to test.sagepay.com insecurely, use `--no-check-certificate'. I've tried installing ca-certificates and configuring the ca-certs and they appear to all be setup in /etc/ssl/certs. The same issue exists for cURL: curl https://test.sagepay.com curl: (60) SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK. Details: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed Which leads me to believe it's something wrong with openssl server wide. wget and curl both work correctly locally on OSX and I have confirmed with a few people that it's working on their servers so I suspect it's nothing to do with the server I'm attempting to connect to. Any ideas or suggestions on things to try to narrow it down? Thank you Edit As requested verbose output from curl curl -Iv https://test.sagepay.com * About to connect() to test.sagepay.com port 443 (#0) * Trying 195.170.169.8... connected * Connected to test.sagepay.com (195.170.169.8) port 443 (#0) * successfully set certificate verify locations: * CAfile: none CApath: /etc/ssl/certs * SSLv3, TLS handshake, Client hello (1): * SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server hello (2): * SSLv3, TLS handshake, CERT (11): * SSLv3, TLS alert, Server hello (2): * SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK. Details: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed * Closing connection #0 curl: (60) SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK. Details: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed More details here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html Edit 2 Using the hash from your comment I see this: ubuntu@srv-tf6sq:/etc/ssl/certs$ ls -al 7651b327.0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 59 2012-03-27 12:48 7651b327.0 -> Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem ubuntu@srv-tf6sq:/etc/ssl/certs$ ls -al Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 94 2012-01-18 07:21 Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.pem -> /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt ubuntu@srv-tf6sq:/etc/ssl/certs$ ls -al /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 834 2011-09-28 14:53 /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt ubuntu@srv-tf6sq:/etc/ssl/certs$ more /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIICPDCCAaUCEDyRMcsf9tAbDpq40ES/Er4wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwXzELMAkG A1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFz cyAzIFB1YmxpYyBQcmltYXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MB4XDTk2 MDEyOTAwMDAwMFoXDTI4MDgwMjIzNTk1OVowXzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNV BAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFzcyAzIFB1YmxpYyBQcmlt YXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GN ADCBiQKBgQDJXFme8huKARS0EN8EQNvjV69qRUCPhAwL0TPZ2RHP7gJYHyX3KqhE BarsAx94f56TuZoAqiN91qyFomNFx3InzPRMxnVx0jnvT0Lwdd8KkMaOIG+YD/is I19wKTakyYbnsZogy1Olhec9vn2a/iRFM9x2Fe0PonFkTGUugWhFpwIDAQABMA0G CSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4GBABByUqkFFBkyCEHwxWsKzH4PIRnN5GfcX6kb5sroc50i 2JhucwNhkcV8sEVAbkSdjbCxlnRhLQ2pRdKkkirWmnWXbj9T/UWZYB2oK0z5XqcJ 2HUw19JlYD1n1khVdWk/kfVIC0dpImmClr7JyDiGSnoscxlIaU5rfGW/D/xwzoiQ -----END CERTIFICATE----- But doing the steps myself I end up with a different hash: strace -o /tmp/foo.out curl -Iv https://test.sagepay.com and grep ssl /tmp/foo.out open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0", O_RDONLY) = 3 stat("/etc/ssl/certs/415660c1.0", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=834, ...}) = 0 open("/etc/ssl/certs/415660c1.0", O_RDONLY) = 4 stat("/etc/ssl/certs/415660c1.1", 0x7fff7dab07b0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) readlink -f /etc/ssl/certs/415660c1.0 /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt more /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority.crt -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIICPDCCAaUCEDyRMcsf9tAbDpq40ES/Er4wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwXzELMAkG A1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFz cyAzIFB1YmxpYyBQcmltYXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MB4XDTk2 MDEyOTAwMDAwMFoXDTI4MDgwMjIzNTk1OVowXzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNV BAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFzcyAzIFB1YmxpYyBQcmlt YXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GN ADCBiQKBgQDJXFme8huKARS0EN8EQNvjV69qRUCPhAwL0TPZ2RHP7gJYHyX3KqhE BarsAx94f56TuZoAqiN91qyFomNFx3InzPRMxnVx0jnvT0Lwdd8KkMaOIG+YD/is I19wKTakyYbnsZogy1Olhec9vn2a/iRFM9x2Fe0PonFkTGUugWhFpwIDAQABMA0G CSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4GBABByUqkFFBkyCEHwxWsKzH4PIRnN5GfcX6kb5sroc50i 2JhucwNhkcV8sEVAbkSdjbCxlnRhLQ2pRdKkkirWmnWXbj9T/UWZYB2oK0z5XqcJ 2HUw19JlYD1n1khVdWk/kfVIC0dpImmClr7JyDiGSnoscxlIaU5rfGW/D/xwzoiQ -----END CERTIFICATE----- Any other ideas? Thank you for the help so far :) Edit 3 So it turns out that installing the ca-certificates package didn't install the one that I needed. I found this post about certificates being presented out of order. This seems to be the case with my request to sagepay. The solution ended up being to install another CA certificate from Verisign. I'm not sure why this fixes the issue with it being out of order but it does, but I suspect the out of order issue really isn't a problem at all and it was infact because I was missing a certificate all along. The additional certificate is available in that post but I didn't want to blindly trust it. I've looked at the list of CA certificates from cURL's site and it is listed there so I do trust it. The certificate: Verisign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority ======================================================= -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIICPDCCAaUCEHC65B0Q2Sk0tjjKewPMur8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQECBQAwXzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMx FzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFzcyAzIFB1YmxpYyBQcmltYXJ5 IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MB4XDTk2MDEyOTAwMDAwMFoXDTI4MDgwMTIzNTk1OVow XzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMTcwNQYDVQQLEy5DbGFzcyAz IFB1YmxpYyBQcmltYXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUA A4GNADCBiQKBgQDJXFme8huKARS0EN8EQNvjV69qRUCPhAwL0TPZ2RHP7gJYHyX3KqhEBarsAx94 f56TuZoAqiN91qyFomNFx3InzPRMxnVx0jnvT0Lwdd8KkMaOIG+YD/isI19wKTakyYbnsZogy1Ol hec9vn2a/iRFM9x2Fe0PonFkTGUugWhFpwIDAQABMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAgUAA4GBALtMEivPLCYA TxQT3ab7/AoRhIzzKBxnki98tsX63/Dolbwdj2wsqFHMc9ikwFPwTtYmwHYBV4GSXiHx0bH/59Ah WM1pF+NEHJwZRDmJXNycAA9WjQKZ7aKQRUzkuxCkPfAyAw7xzvjoyVGM5mKf5p/AfbdynMk2Omuf Tqj/ZA1k -----END CERTIFICATE----- I put this in a file in: /usr/share/ca-certificates/curl/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.crt I then modified the /etc/ca-certificates.conf and added the following line at the end: curl/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.crt After that I ran the command: sudo update-ca-certificates Looking into the /etc/ssl/certs directory I see it correctly linked: ls -al | grep cURL lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 69 2012-03-27 16:03 415660c1.0 -> Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.pem lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 69 2012-03-27 16:03 7651b327.0 -> Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.pem lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 101 2012-03-27 16:03 Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.pem -> /usr/share/ca-certificates/curl/Verisign_Class_3_Public_Primary_Certification_Authority-from_cURL.crt And everything works! curl -I https://test.sagepay.com HTTP/1.1 200 OK...

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• HAProxy error: Some configuration options require full privileges, so global.uid cannot be changed

  - by Athena Wisdom

  After adding the line to /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg as part of creating a transparent proxy, source 0.0.0.0 usesrc clientip restarting haproxy starts giving an error ~# service haproxy reload * Reloading haproxy haproxy [ALERT] 230/153724 (1140) : [/usr/sbin/haproxy.main()] Some configuration options require full privileges, so global.uid cannot be changed. I'm already running service haproxy reload as root. What else do we have to do? Thank you!

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• virtualbox installing iso Error "could not find a valid v7 on sda"

  - by MountainX

  I decided to try this suggestion to install Android x86 on Virtual Box. I'm following those steps and I'm at #4. I used the android-x86-4.0-RC1-amd_brazos.iso (because I have a ThinkPad that this might be compatible with and it seemed as good as any of the other choices...) I'm getting an endless series of errors: .[numbers] VFS: could not find a valid v7 on sda. .[numbers] VFS: could not find a valid v7 on sda. repeating... For storage, I made a VDI image sized at 4.0 GB (dynamically allocated) attached on SATA Port 0. Background and more details: I'm running Kubuntu 12.04. I installed VirtualBox 4.1.12 after adding deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian precise contrib to my sources. EDIT: Now I'm wondering if I installed the right package. I verified that I'm running 4.1.12. But I installed it with apt-get install virtualbox instead of the recommended apt-get install virtualbox-4.1. I checked just now and see this: apt-cache search virtualbox virtualbox - x86 virtualization solution - base binaries virtualbox-4.1 - Oracle VM VirtualBox But when I run VirtualBox, I get the Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager version 4.1.12, so I think I'm OK. I did see one minor issue (possibly related to this question) when installing VB, but in my case I don't think it is actually an error at all: * No suitable module for running kernel found [fail] invoke-rc.d: initscript virtualbox, action "restart" failed. VirtualBox installed and seems to be running fine. I just can't get the ISO image to install. The error is as shown above.

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• What do "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" mean in tcpdump?

  - by lacker

  While trying to fix a problem with intermittently losing internet connection on a machine with a wireless connection to a router, I ran tcpdump and noticed packets with "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" errors coming at a rate of a few per second. 20:27:21.703178 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe2 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 171 20:27:21.724726 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe2 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 104 20:27:21.746449 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe4 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 88 20:27:21.970963 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe8 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 76 20:27:22.016565 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xea Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 88 20:27:22.038471 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xea Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 171 What does the "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" mean, and does it indicate a problem?

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• therubyracer on Ubuntu install issues with ruby-2.0.0-p247

  - by Victor S

  I can't seem to get therubyracer gem installed on ubuntu, i get the following errors, anyone can help? ERROR: Error installing therubyracer: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /home/victorstan/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for main() in -lpthread... yes creating Makefile make compiling constraints.cc compiling array.cc compiling value.cc compiling invocation.cc compiling primitive.cc compiling trycatch.cc compiling context.cc compiling exception.cc compiling template.cc compiling accessor.cc compiling object.cc compiling script.cc compiling external.cc compiling stack.cc compiling gc.cc compiling backref.cc compiling heap.cc compiling v8.cc compiling constants.cc compiling date.cc compiling function.cc compiling rr.cc compiling message.cc compiling init.cc compiling string.cc compiling handles.cc compiling signature.cc compiling locker.cc linking shared-object v8/init.so g++: /home/victorstan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@global/gems/libv8-3.11.8.17-x86_64-linux/vendor/v8/out/ia32.release/obj.target/tools/gyp/libv8_base.a: No such file or directory g++: /home/victorstan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@global/gems/libv8-3.11.8.17-x86_64-linux/vendor/v8/out/ia32.release/obj.target/tools/gyp/libv8_snapshot.a: No such file or directory make: *** [init.so] Error 1 Update It seems it's trying to use a 32 bit library instead of a 64 bit library, anyone else experience issue trying to install 64 bit applications and packages on Ubuntu, and it trying to install 32 bit version instead (even though the system is a 64 Linux)? Related: https://github.com/cowboyd/therubyracer/issues/262

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• VirtualBox error VERR_SUPDRV_COMPONENT_NOT_FOUND

  - by ant2009

  I am using Fedora 12, with kernel stv-fedora 2.6.31.12-174.2.22.fc12.i686 I have install VirtualBox OSE v3.1.4-1.fc12. When I start VirtualBox I get the following error: Failed to start the virtual machine WinXP32. Failed to open/create the internal network 'HostInterfaceNetworking-eth0' (VERR_SUPDRV_COMPONENT_NOT_FOUND). One of the kernel modules was not successfully loaded. Make sure that no kernel modules from an older version of VirtualBox exist. Then try to recompile and reload the kernel modules by executing '/etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup' as root (VERR_SUPDRV_COMPONENT_NOT_FOUND). However, if I run /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup I get this error: -bash: /etc/init.d/vboxdrv: No such file or directory How do I get rid of the error and run VirtualBox?

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• can't get php mail() working on Ubuntu desktop version with sendmail and postfix

  - by EricP

  I'm running Ubuntu 9.10 LAMP and trying to do a simple email test with PHP and I'm not getting any emails sent. mail("[email protected]", "eric-linux test", "test") or die("can't send mail"); I get no errors from PHP when running that script. In my php.ini file is: sendmail_path = /usr/lib/sendmail -t -i $ sudo ps aux | grep sendmail eric 2486 0.0 0.4 8368 2344 pts/0 T 14:52 0:00 sendmail -s “Hello world” [email protected] eric 8747 0.0 0.3 5692 1616 pts/2 T 16:18 0:00 sendmail eric 8749 0.0 0.3 5692 1636 pts/2 T 16:18 0:00 sendmail start eric 9190 0.0 0.3 5692 1636 pts/2 T 19:12 0:00 sendmail start eric 9192 0.0 0.3 5692 1616 pts/2 T 19:12 0:00 sendmail eric 9425 0.0 0.3 5692 1620 pts/1 T 19:37 0:00 sendmail eric 9427 0.0 0.3 6584 1636 pts/1 T 19:37 0:00 sendmail restart eric 9429 0.0 0.3 5692 1636 pts/1 T 19:38 0:00 /usr/lib/sendmail restart eric 9432 0.0 0.1 3040 804 pts/1 R+ 19:38 0:00 grep --color=auto sendmail When I run $ sendmail start it just hangs there doing nothing. I installed postfix also to see if it would help, but it didn't. I tried to see port 25: eric@eric-linux:~$ telnet localhost 25 Trying ::1... Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 eric-linux ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu) thanks

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• VMWare Workstation 6.5.5 (64-bit) on Ubuntu 10.04 (64-bit) Odd Problem

  - by Android Eve

  I managed to successfully install VMWare Workstation 6.5.5 (64-bit) on Ubuntu 10.04 (64-bit). It works well and somehow feels faster and snappier than the same exact version on Ubuntu 8.04. However, there is one slight issue, somewhat hurting productivity: When the guest VM is Microsoft Windows (2K, XP), the mouse cursor turn from an arrow to a hand when it hovers over the Task Bar. When the mouse moves, this hand cursor blinks and the system doesn't respond to mouse clicks. When I move the mouse cursor back to the desktop area, it functions normally. That is, the problem exists only in the Task Bar area. Obviously, this makes it very difficult (read: impossible) for me to use the Start Menu, SysTray and the rest of the Task Bar. My workaround for now is to launch programs via their Desktop shortcuts or via the keyboard. Note: The same exact VMWare Workstation 6.5.5 (64-bit) on Ubuntu 8.04 (64-bit) doesn't exhibit this problem. Anyone seen this problem before? Do you know of a solution (or better workaround) to this problem?

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• How do I stop and repair a RAID 5 array that has failed and has I/O pending?

  - by Ben Hymers

  The short version: I have a failed RAID 5 array which has a bunch of processes hung waiting on I/O operations on it; how can I recover from this? The long version: Yesterday I noticed Samba access was being very sporadic; accessing the server's shares from Windows would randomly lock up explorer completely after clicking on one or two directories. I assumed it was Windows being a pain and left it. Today the problem is the same, so I did a little digging; the first thing I noticed was that running ps aux | grep smbd gives a lot of lines like this: ben 969 0.0 0.2 96088 4128 ? D 18:21 0:00 smbd -F root 1708 0.0 0.2 93468 4748 ? Ss 18:44 0:00 smbd -F root 1711 0.0 0.0 93468 1364 ? S 18:44 0:00 smbd -F ben 3148 0.0 0.2 96052 4160 ? D Mar07 0:00 smbd -F ... There are a lot of processes stuck in the "D" state. Running ps aux | grep " D" shows up some other processes including my nightly backup script, all of which need to access the volume mounted on my RAID array at some point. After some googling, I found that it might be down to the RAID array failing, so I checked /proc/mdstat, which shows this: ben@jack:~$ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdb1[3](F) sdc1[1] sdd1[2] 2930271872 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [_UU] unused devices: <none> And running mdadm --detail /dev/md0 gives this: ben@jack:~$ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Sat Oct 31 20:53:10 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930271872 (2794.53 GiB 3000.60 GB) Used Dev Size : 1465135936 (1397.26 GiB 1500.30 GB) Raid Devices : 3 Total Devices : 3 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon Mar 7 03:06:35 2011 State : active, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K UUID : f114711a:c770de54:c8276759:b34deaa0 Events : 0.208245 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 3 8 17 0 faulty spare rebuilding /dev/sdb1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 2 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 I believe this says that sdb1 has failed, and so the array is running with two drives out of three 'up'. Some advice I found said to check /var/log/messages for notices of failures, and sure enough there are plenty: ben@jack:~$ grep sdb /var/log/messages ... Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.384937] md/raid:md0: read error NOT corrected!! (sector 400644912 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389686] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644920 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389686] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644928 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389688] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644936 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231603] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231605] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231608] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231623] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231627] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 17 e1 5f bf 00 01 00 00 To me it is clear that device sdb has failed, and I need to stop the array, shutdown, replace it, reboot, then repair the array, bring it back up and mount the filesystem. I cannot hot-swap a replacement drive in, and don't want to leave the array running in a degraded state. I believe I am supposed to unmount the filesystem before stopping the array, but that is failing, and that is where I'm stuck now: ben@jack:~$ sudo umount /storage umount: /storage: device is busy. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1)) It is indeed busy; there are some 30 or 40 processes waiting on I/O. What should I do? Should I kill all these processes and try again? Is that a wise move when they are 'uninterruptable'? What would happen if I tried to reboot? Please let me know what you think I should do. And please ask if you need any extra information to diagnose the problem or to help!

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• VMware Tools in Ubuntu guest on VMware Server 2 do not build

  - by ulf

  When trying to build the VMware tools in my Ubuntu 9.10 64 bit guest on a VMware Server 2.0.2 host with Debian 5 I'm getting strange errors like: Building the vmmemctl module. Using 2.6.x kernel build system. make: Gehe in Verzeichnis '/tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only' make -C /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-server/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules make[1]: Betrete Verzeichnis '/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-19-server' CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/backdoorGcc64.o In file included from /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/backdoor.h:29, from /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/backdoorGcc64.c:38: /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/vm_basic_types.h:108:7: warning: "__FreeBSD__" is not defined CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/os.o In file included from /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/os.c:51: /tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/compat_wait.h:78: error: conflicting types for ‘poll_initwait’ include/linux/poll.h:70: note: previous declaration of ‘poll_initwait’ was here make[2]: *** [/tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only/os.o] Fehler 1 make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only] Fehler 2 make[1]: Verlasse Verzeichnis '/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-19-server' make: *** [vmmemctl.ko] Fehler 2 make: Verlasse Verzeichnis '/tmp/vmware-config8/vmmemctl-only' Unable to build the vmmemctl module. I googled half the Internet but couldn't come to a solution. None of the kernel modules seems to build correctly. While googling I read something about a bug in this kernel tree.

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