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• SQL - Two foreign keys that have a dependency between them

  - by Brian

  The current structure is as follows: Table RowType: RowTypeID Table RowSubType: RowSubTypeID FK_RowTypeID Table ColumnDef: FK_RowTypeID FK_RowSubTypeID (nullable) In short, I'm mapping column definitions to rows. In some cases, those rows have subtype(s), which will have column definitions specific to them. Alternatively, I could hang those column definitions that are specific to subtypes off their own table, or I could combine the data in RowType and RowSubType into one table and work with a single ID, but I'm not sure either is a better solution (if anything, I'd lean towards the latter, as we mostly end up pulling ColumnDefs for a given RowType/RowSubType). Is the current design SQL Blasphemy? If I keep the current structuree, how do I maintain that if RowSubTypeID is specified in ColumnDef, that it must correspond to the RowType specified by RowTypeID? Should I try to enforce this with a trigger or am I missing a simple redesign that would solve the problem?

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• matplotlib.pyplot, preserve aspect ratio of the plot

  - by Headcrab

  Assuming we have a polygon coordinates as polygon = [(x1, y1), (x2, y2), ...], the following code displays the polygon: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.fill(*zip(*polygon)) plt.show() By default it is trying to adjust the aspect ratio so that the polygon (or whatever other diagram) fits inside the window, and automatically changing it so that it fits even after resizing. Which is great in many cases, except when you are trying to estimate visually if the image is distorted. How to fix the aspect ratio to be strictly 1:1? (Not sure if "aspect ratio" is the right term here, so in case it is not - I need both X and Y axes to have 1:1 scale, so that (0, 1) on both X and Y takes an exact same amount of screen space. And I need to keep it 1:1 no matter how I resize the window.)

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• Immutability of big objects

  - by Malax

  Hi StackOverflow! I have some big (more than 3 fields) Objects which can and should be immutable. Every time I run into that case i tend to create constructor abominations with long parameter lists. It doesn't feel right, is hard to use and readability suffers. It is even worse if the fields are some sort of collection type like lists. A simple addSibling(S s) would ease the object creation so much but renders the object mutable. What do you guys use in such cases? I'm on Scala and Java, but i think the problem is language agnostic as long as the language is object oriented. Solutions I can think of: "Constructor abominations with long parameter lists" The Builder Pattern Thanks for your input!

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• Are there any Python reference counting/garbage collection gotchas when dealing with C code?

  - by Jason Baker

  Just for the sheer heck of it, I've decided to create a Scheme binding to libpython so you can embed Python in Scheme programs. I'm already able to call into Python's C API, but I haven't really thought about memory management. The way mzscheme's FFI works is that I can call a function, and if that function returns a pointer to a PyObject, then I can have it automatically increment the reference count. Then, I can register a finalizer that will decrement the reference count when the Scheme object gets garbage collected. I've looked at the documentation for reference counting, and don't see any problems with this at first glance (although it may be sub-optimal in some cases). Are there any gotchas I'm missing? Also, I'm having trouble making heads or tails of the cyclic garbage collector documentation. What things will I need to bear in mind here? In particular, how do I make Python aware that I have a reference to something so it doesn't collect it while I'm still using it?

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• Django gives "I/O operation on closed file" error when reading from a saved ImageField

  - by Rob Osborne

  I have a model with two image fields, a source image and a thumbnail. When I update the new source image, save it and then try to read the source image to crop/scale it to a thumbnail I get an "I/O operation on closed file" error from PIL. If I update the source image, don't save the source image, and then try to read the source image to crop/scale, I get an "attempting to read from closed file" error from PIL. In both cases the source image is actually saved and available in later request/response loops. If I don't crop/scale in a single request/response loop but instead upload on one page and then crop/scale in another page this all works fine. This seems to be a cached buffer being reused some how, either by PIL or by the Django file storage. Any ideas on how to make an ImageField readable after saving?

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• Recommended Python publish/subscribe/dispatch module ?

  - by Eli Bendersky

  From PyPubSub: Pypubsub provides a simple way for your Python application to decouple its components: parts of your application can publish messages (with or without data) and other parts can subscribe/receive them. This allows message "senders" and message "listeners" to be unaware of each other: one doesn't need to import the other a sender doesn't need to know "who" gets the messages, what the listeners will do with the data, or even if any listener will get the message data. similarly, listeners don't need to worry about where messages come from. This is a great tool for implementing a Model-View-Controller architecture or any similar architecture that promotes decoupling of its components. There seem to be quite a few Python modules for publishing/subscribing floating around the web, from PyPubSub, to PyDispatcher to simple "home-cooked" classes. Can you recommend a module that works well in most cases ? Which modules have you had positive experience with ? Negative ? Thanks in advance

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• Eclipse doesn't see my new junit test

  - by morgancodes

  I'm using eclipse to run the tests in a single junit(4) test class. The tests in the class all run just fine. Then I add an additional test and run the class through the test running in ecplise again. Only the old tests are run. The new test isn't seen by eclipse. There's no error or anything, it's just as if eclipse is looking at an old version of the test. If I run the tests using maven, everything works fine. Additionally, after I run the tests in maven, ecplipse can see and run the new test correctly. Any ideas what's going on? Any ideas how to get ecplipse's test runner to see my new test cases?

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• SQL Server 2008 - Search Query

  - by user208662

  Hello, I am not a SQL Expert. I’m trying to elegantly solve a query problem that others have had to have had. Surprisingly, Google is not returning anything that is helping. Basically, my application has a “search” box. This search field will allow a user to search for customers in the system. I have a table called “Customer” in my SQL Server 2008 database. This table is defined as follows: Customer UserName (nvarchar) FirstName (nvarchar) LastName (nvarchar) As you can imagine, my users will enter queries of varying cases and probably mis-spell the customer’s names regularly. How do I query my customer table and return the 25 results that are closest to their query? I have no idea how to do this ranking and consider the three fields listed in my table. Thank you!

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• Efficient synchronization of querying an array of resources

  - by Erel Segal Halevi

  There is a list of N resources, each of them can be queried by at most a single thread at a time. There are serveral threads that need to do the same thing at approximately the same time: query each of the resources (each thread has a different query), in arbitrary order, and collect the responses. If each thread loops over the resources in the same order, from 0 to N-1, then they will probably have to wait for each other, which is not efficient. I thought of letting the threads loop over the resources in a random permutation, but this seems too complex and also not so efficient, for example, for 2 resources and 2 threads, in half the cases they will choose the same order and wait for each other. Is there a simple and more efficient way to solve this?

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• Is there any valid reason radians are used as the inputs to trig function in many modern languages?

  - by johnmortal

  Is there any pressing reason trig functions should use radian inputs in modern programming languages? As far as I know radians are typically ugly to deal with except in three cases: (1) You want to compute an arc length and you know the angle of the arc and (2) You need to do symbolic calculus with trig functions (3) certain infinite series expansion look prettier if the input is in radians. None of these scenarios seem like a worthy justification for every programming language I am familiar with using radian inputs for Sin, Cos, Tangent, etc... The third one sounds good because it might mean one gets faster computations using radians (very slightly faster- the cost of one additional floating point multiplication ) , but I am dubious even of that because most commonly the developer had to take an extra step to put the angle in radians in the first place. The other two are ridiculous justifications for all the added obscurity.

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• Determine calling executable in Python

  - by Brian Rosner

  I am trying to find the best way of re-invoking a Python script within itself. Currently it is working like http://github.com/benoitc/gunicorn/blob/master/gunicorn/arbiter.py#L285. The START_CTX is created at http://github.com/benoitc/gunicorn/blob/master/gunicorn/arbiter.py#L82-86. The code is relying on sys.argv[0] as the "caller". However, this fails in cases where it is invoked with: python script.py ... This case does work: python ./script.py ... because the code uses os.chdir before running os.execlp. I did notice os.environ["_"], but I am not sure how reliable that would be. Another possible case is to check if sys.argv[0] is not on PATH and is not executable and use sys.executable when calling os.execlp. Any thoughts on a better approach solving this issue?

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• Rails, search item in different model?

  - by Danny McClelland

  Hi Everyone, I have a kase model which I am using a simple search form in. The problem I am having is some kases are linked to companies through a company model, and people through a people model. At the moment my search (in Kase model) looks like this: # SEARCH FACILITY def self.search(search) search_condition = "%" + search + "%" find(:all, :conditions => ['jobno LIKE ? OR casesubject LIKE ? OR transport LIKE ? OR goods LIKE ? OR comments LIKE ? OR invoicenumber LIKE ? OR netamount LIKE ? OR clientref LIKE ? OR kase_status LIKE ? OR lyingatlocationaddresscity LIKE ?', search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition]) end What I am trying to work out, is what condition can I add to allow a search by Company or Person to show the cases they are linked to. @kase.company.companyname and company.companyname don't work :( Is this possible? Thanks, Danny

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• When to use MVC Scaffolding via NuGet vs MVC Scaffolding via MVC3 Tools Update

  - by James

  I am a little confused about the various different "mainstream" scaffolding options for MVC3. There is a NuGet package called MVCScaffolding. It first showed up in Jan 2011, but seems to be active and have recent updates, and be developed by Scott Hanselman, among others. Then in May 2011 came the MVC3 Tools Update. This seems like it incorporated the original scaffolding ideas into an "out of the box" scaffolding options. However, this has not been updated since. So - what is the relationship between these two scaffoldings (if any). Are there cases when one should be used over the other, or is it just a matter of taste? Does Visual Studio 2012 or MVC4 change the game on any of this? Thanks for any input.

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• Java's ThreadPoolExecutor equivalent for C#?

  - by chillitom

  Hi Guys, I used to make good use of Java's ThreadPoolExecutor class and have yet to find a good equivalent in C#. I know of ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem which is useful in many cases but no good if you want to control the number of threads assigned to a task or have multiple individual queues for different task types. For example I liked to use a ThreadPoolExecutor with a single thread to guarantee sequential execution of asynchronous calls.. Is there an easy way to do this in C#? Is there a non-static thread pool implementation? Thanks, T.

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• Is "non breaking change" a common term in revision control?

  - by mafutrct

  Non breaking change is a term used to describe minor contributions which are supposed to not break anything and is abbreviated as NBC. Typical example include formatting a source file or adding a comment - it really, really should not break the build (of course there are always exceptional cases). Is this a common term in revision control talk? I'm especially asking those familiar with RC systems. I use "NBC" on occasion but I never heard anyone else using it so I wondered... (btw: Don't trust wikipedia as a source on this)

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• Using Apache Velocity with StringBuilders/CharSequences

  - by mindas

  We are using Apache Velocity for dynamic templates. At the moment Velocity has following methods for evaluation/replacing: public static boolean evaluate(Context context, Writer writer, String logTag, Reader reader) public static boolean evaluate(Context context, Writer out, String logTag, String instring) We use these methods by providing StringWriter to write evaluation results. Our incoming data is coming in StringBuilder format so we use StringBuilder.toString and feed it as instring. The problem is that our templates are fairly large (can be megabytes, tens of Ms on rare cases), replacements occur very frequently and each replacement operation triples the amount of required memory (incoming data + StringBuilder.toString() which creates a new copy + outgoing data). I was wondering if there is a way to improve this. E.g. if I could find a way to provide a Reader and Writer on top of same StringBuilder instance that only uses extra memory for in/out differences, would that be a good approach? Has anybody done anything similar and could share any source for such a class? Or maybe there any better solutions to given problem?

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• Django finding which field matched in a multiple OR query

  - by Greg Hinch

  I've got a couple models which are set up something like this: class Bar(models.Model): baz = models.CharField() class Foo(models.Model): bar1 = models.ForeignKey(Bar) bar2 = models.ForeignKey(Bar) bar3 = models.ForeignKey(Bar) And elsewhere in the code, I end up with an instance of Bar, and need to find the Foo it is attached to in some capacity. Right now I came up with doing a multiple OR query using Q, something like this: foo_inst = Foo.objects.get(Q(bar1=bar_inst) | Q(bar2=bar_inst) | Q(bar3=bar_inst)) What I need to figure out is, which of the 3 cases actually hit, at least the name of the member (bar1, bar2, or bar3). Is there a good way to do this? Is there a better way to structure the query to glean that information?

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• return by reference - which of the two is the correct one

  - by eriks

  i have the function: const A& f(...) {...} a. const A a1 = f(..); b. const A &a2 = f(...); which of the is the better one to use? in both cases, if i understand correctly, i prevent the possibility of modifying the returned object. in the first option, the copy constructor of A will be called - am i correct?

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• ASP.NET MVC: run code after view has rendered (close db transaction)

  - by thermal7

  Hi, I am using ASP.NET MVC2 with NHibernate, but am facing an issue. All calls to the database via NHibernate should be inside a transaction, however code inside the view kicks off database calls in some instances. Thus there is a need to be able to commit the transaction after the view has rendered. For example displaying a list of users and their user roles you might show the user role using this code: <%: Model.UserRole.Name % This will cause a hit on the database as the UserRole is loaded using a NHibernate proxy. You can fetch the UserRole eagerly which circumvents the issue in this case, but there are cases where it is much faster to use lazy loading. Anyway, is there a way to run code after a view has rendered?

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• Why can't I save CSS changes in FireBug?

  - by Dean

  FireBug is the most convenient tool I've found for editing CSS - so why isn't there a simple "Save" option? I am always finding myself making tweaks in FireBug, then going back to my original .css file and replicating the tweaks. Has anyone come up with a better solution? EDIT: I'm aware the code is stored on a server (in most cases not my own), but I use it when building my own websites. Firebug's just using the .css file FireFox downloaded from the server, it knows precisely what lines in which files its editing, I can't see why there's not an "Export" or "Save" option which allows you to store the new .css file. (Which I could then replace the remote one with). I have tried looking in temporary locations, and choosing file-save and experimenting with the output options on FireFox, but I still haven't found a way. Here's hoping someone has a nice solution... EDIT 2: The Official Group has a lot of questions, but no answers.

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• Is a class that is hard to unit test badly designed?

  - by Extrakun

  I am now doing unit testing on an application which was written over the year, before I started to do unit-testing diligently. I realized that the classes I wrote are hard to unit test, for the following reasons: Relies on loading data from database. Which means I have to setup a row in the table just to run the unit test (and I am not testing database capabilities). Requires a lot of other external classes just to get the class I am testing to its initial state. On the whole, there don't seem to be anything wrong with the design except that it is too tightly coupled (which by itself is a bad thing). I figure that if I have written automated test cases with each of the class, hence ensuring that I don't heap extra dependencies or coupling for the class to work, the class might be better designed. Does this reason holds water? What are your experiences?

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• [Android SDK] Text-To-Speech addSpeech not working properly

  - by arcoraven

  Hi, I'm trying to get my Android app to play a .wav file recording of the word "Spinach Salad" whenever it sees that phrase being spoken by TTS. Here's the relevant code: spinach_salad.wav is located in /res/raw prodName = "Spinach Salad" mTts.addSpeech(prodName, "com.example.textextractor", R.raw.spinach_salad); ...and later in the code: mTts.speak("blah blah blah " + prodName, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); I've also tried: mTts.speak("blah blah blah Spinach Salad", TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); and mTts.speak("blah blah blah", TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); mTts.speak(productName_str, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); In both cases, I'm just hearing the TTS synthesized audio, rather than my custom .wav file. (On a related note, the last chunk of code sometimes speaks out of order, saying the second line before the first).

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• How do I use master page container in partial view

  - by user200295

  I have several partial views with Javascript that I am trying to move to the bottom of the page. To do this I am trying to use a container in the master page Master Page - <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="Foot" runat="server"></asp:ContentPlaceHolder> Partial view(ascx) <asp:Content ID="header" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" runat="server"> ... </asp:Content> But I get this error Parser Error Message: Content controls have to be top-level controls in a content page or a nested master page that references a master page. So how do I ensure that the Javascript for the partial view is at the bottom of the page? Especially in cases where the html layout needs to be at the top of the page?

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• Assigning a view controller to be the delegate of a subview which is not directly descendent?

  - by ambertch

  I am writing an iphone app where in numerous cases a subview needs to talk to its superview. For example: View A has a table view that contains photos A has a subview B which allows users to add photos, upon which I want to auto append them to A's table view So far I have been creating a @protocol in B, and registering A as the delegate. The problem in my case is that B has a subview C that allows users to add content, and I want actions in C to invoke changes in its grandparent, A. Currently I am working around this by passing around a self pointer to my base view controller (C.delegate = B.delegate), but it doesn't seem very proper to me. Any thoughts? (and/or general advice on code organization when all sort of subviews needs to talk to superviews would be greatly appreciated) Thanks!

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• Appending Integer array elements in Java

  - by Neville

  I have an array, say int a[]={2,0,1,0,1,1,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1}; I need to append each of the 5 neighboring elements and assign them to a new array b with length=(a.length/5); and i want to append the 5 neighboring elements so that I have: int b[]={20101,10211,10101}; I need to do this for various length arrays, in most cases with length of a being greater than 15. Any help would be greatly appreciated, I'm programming in Java. Thanks in advance.

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