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• What's wrong (or right) with this JS Object Pattern?

  - by unsane1

  Here's an example of the pattern I'm using in my javascript objects these days (this example relies on jQuery). http://pastie.org/private/ryn0m1gnjsxdos9onsyxg It works for me reasonably well, but I'm guessing there's something wrong, or at least sub-optimal about it, I'm just curious to get people's opinions. Here's a smaller, inline example of it: sample = function(attach) { // set internal reference to self var self = this; // public variable(s) self.iAmPublic = true; // private variable(s) var debug = false; var host = attach; var pane = { element: false, display: false } // public function(s) self.show = function() { if (!pane.display) { position(); $(pane.element).show('fast'); pane.display = true; } } self.hide = function() { if (pane.display) { $(pane.element).hide('fast'); pane.display = false; } } // private function(s) function init () { // do whatever stuff is needed on instantiation of this object // like perhaps positioning a hidden div pane.element = document.createElement('div'); return self; } function position() { var h = { 'h': $(host).outerHeight(), 'w': $(host).outerWidth(), 'pos': $(host).offset() }; var p = { 'w': $(pane.element).outerWidth() }; $(pane.element).css({ top: h.pos.top + (h.h-1), left: h.pos.left + ((h.w - p.w) / 2) }); } function log () { if (debug) { console.log(arguments); } } // on-instantiation let's set ourselves up return init(); } I'm really curious to get people's thoughts on this.

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• Making A C++ Game

  - by user1758938

  I'm gonna make a game and I think C++ would be perfect for it. I think I'm gonna use SDL and OpenGL but I need help with making the code manageable. These were my ideas: 1. Making A DLL File With Commands Such A CreateScreen(640, 480); Which Binds SDL And OpenGL Commands For A Manageable Setup 2. Making It Harder To Mod (Like UnCompiling My Code) Like Encrypting Save Files That Only My Program Can Read Any Suggestions?

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• Multi-tenant ASP.NET MVC - Views

  - by zowens

  Part I – Introduction Part II – Foundation Part III – Controllers   So far we have covered the basic premise of tenants and how they will be delegated. Now comes a big issue with multi-tenancy, the views. In some applications, you will not have to override views for each tenant. However, one of my requirements is to add extra views (and controller actions) along with overriding views from the core structure. This presents a bit of a problem in locating views for each tenant request. I have chosen quite an opinionated approach at the present but will coming back to the “views” issue in a later post. What’s the deal? The path I’ve chosen is to use precompiled Spark views. I really love Spark View Engine and was planning on using it in my project anyways. However, I ran across a really neat aspect of the source when I was having a look under the hood. There’s an easy way to hook in embedded views from your project. There are solutions that provide this, but they implement a special Virtual Path Provider. While I think this is a great solution, I would rather just have Spark take care of the view resolution. The magic actually happens during the compilation of the views into a bin-deployable DLL. After the views are compiled, the are simply pulled out of the views DLL. Each tenant has its own views DLL that just has “.Views” appended after the assembly name as a convention. The list of reasons for this approach are quite long. The primary motivation is performance. I’ve had quite a few performance issues in the past and I would like to increase my application’s performance in any way that I can. My customized build of Spark removes insignificant whitespace from the HTML output so I can some some bandwidth and load time without having to deal with whitespace removal at runtime.   How to setup Tenants for the Host In the source, I’ve provided a single tenant as a sample (Sample1). This will serve as a template for subsequent tenants in your application. The first step is to add a “PostBuildStep” installer into the project. I’ve defined one in the source that will eventually change as we focus more on the construction of dependency containers. The next step is to tell the project to run the installer and copy the DLL output to a folder in the host that will pick up as a tenant. Here’s the code that will achieve it (this belongs in Post-build event command line field in the Build Events tab of settings) %systemroot%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\installutil "$(TargetPath)" copy /Y "$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)*.dll" "$(SolutionDir)Web\Tenants\" copy /Y "$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)*.pdb" "$(SolutionDir)Web\Tenants\" The DLLs with a name starting with the target assembly name will be copied to the “Tenants” folder in the web project. This means something like MultiTenancy.Tenants.Sample1.dll and MultiTenancy.Tenants.Sample1.Views.dll will both be copied along with the debug symbols. This is probably the simplest way to go about this, but it is a tad inflexible. For example, what if you have dependencies? The preferred method would probably be to use IL Merge to merge your dependencies with your target DLL. This would have to be added in the build events. Another way to achieve that would be to simply bypass Visual Studio events and use MSBuild.   I also got a question about how I was setting up the controller factory. Here’s the basics on how I’m setting up tenants inside the host (Global.asax) protected void Application_Start() { RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); // create a container just to pull in tenants var topContainer = new Container(); topContainer.Configure(config => { config.Scan(scanner => { scanner.AssembliesFromPath(Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/"), "Tenants")); scanner.AddAllTypesOf<IApplicationTenant>(); }); }); // create selectors var tenantSelector = new DefaultTenantSelector(topContainer.GetAllInstances<IApplicationTenant>()); var containerSelector = new TenantContainerResolver(tenantSelector); // clear view engines, we don't want anything other than spark ViewEngines.Engines.Clear(); // set view engine ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new TenantViewEngine(tenantSelector)); // set controller factory ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new ContainerControllerFactory(containerSelector)); } The code to setup the tenants isn’t actually that hard. I’m utilizing assembly scanners in StructureMap as a simple way to pull in DLLs that are not in the AppDomain. Remember that there is a dependency on the host in the tenants and a tenant cannot simply be referenced by a host because of circular dependencies.   Tenant View Engine TenantViewEngine is a simple delegator to the tenant’s specified view engine. You might have noticed that a tenant has to define a view engine. public interface IApplicationTenant { .... IViewEngine ViewEngine { get; } } The trick comes in specifying the view engine on the tenant side. Here’s some of the code that will pull views from the DLL. protected virtual IViewEngine DetermineViewEngine() { var factory = new SparkViewFactory(); var file = GetType().Assembly.CodeBase.Without("file:///").Replace(".dll", ".Views.dll").Replace('/', '\\'); var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(file); factory.Engine.LoadBatchCompilation(assembly); return factory; } This code resides in an abstract Tenant where the fields are setup in the constructor. This method (inside the abstract class) will load the Views assembly and load the compilation into Spark’s “Descriptors” that will be used to determine views. There is some trickery on determining the file location… but it works just fine.   Up Next There’s just a few big things left such as StructureMap configuring controllers with a convention instead of specifying types directly with container construction and content resolution. I will also try to find a way to use the Web Forms View Engine in a multi-tenant way we achieved with the Spark View Engine without using a virtual path provider. I will probably not use the Web Forms View Engine personally, but I’m sure some people would prefer using WebForms because of the maturity of the engine. As always, I love to take questions by email or on twitter. Suggestions are always welcome as well! (Oh, and here’s another link to the source code).

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• Web Self Service installation on Windows

  - by Rajesh Sharma

  Web Self Service (WSS) installation on windows is pretty straight forward but you might face some issues if deployed under tomcat. Here's a step-by-step guide to install Oracle Utilities Web Self Service on windows.   Below installation steps are done on: Oracle Utilities Framework version 2.2.0 Oracle Utilities Application - Customer Care & Billing version 2.2.0 Application server - Apache Tomcat 6.0.13 on default port 6500 Other settings include: SPLBASE = C:\spl\CCBDEMO22 SPLENVIRON = CCBV22 SPLWAS = TCAT   Follow these steps for a Web Self Service installation on windows: Download Web Self Service application from edelivery.   Copy the delivery file Release-SelfService-V2.2.0.zip from the Oracle Utilities Customer Care and Billing version 2.2.0 Web Self Service folder on the installation media to a directory on your Windows box where you would like to install the application, in our case it's a temporary folder C:\wss_temp.   Setup application environment, execute splenviron.cmd -e <ENVIRON_NAME>   Create base folder for Self Service application named SelfService under %SPLEBASE%\splapp\applications   Install Oracle Utilities Web Self Service   C:\wss_temp\Release-SelfService-V2.2.0>install.cmd -d %SPLEBASE%\splapp\applications\SelfService   Web Self Service installation menu. Populate environment values for each item.   ******************************************************** Pick your installation options: ******************************************************** 1. Destination directory name for installation.             | C:\spl\CCBDEMO22\splapp\applications\SelfService 2. Web Server Host.                                         | CCBV22 3. Web Server Port Number.                                  | 6500 4. Mail SMTP Host.                                          | CCBV22 5. Top Product Installation directory.                      | C:\spl\CCBDEMO22 6.     Web Application Server Type.                         | TCAT 7.     When OAS: SPLWeb OC4J instance name is required.     | OC4J1 8.     When WAS: SPLWeb server instance name is required.   | server1   P. Process the installation. Each item in the above list should be configured for a successful installation. Choose option to configure or (P) to process the installation:  P   Option 7 and Option 8 can be ignored for TCAT.   Above step installs SelfService.war file in the destination directory. We need to explode this war file. Change directory to the installation destination folder, and   C:\spl\CCBDEMO22\splapp\applications\SelfService>jar -xf SelfService.war   Review SelfServiceConfig.properties and CMSelfServiceConfig.properties. Change any properties value within the file specific to your installation/site. Generally default settings apply, for this exercise assumes that WEB user already exists in your application database.   For more information on property file customization, refer to Oracle Utilities Web Self Service Configuration section in Customer Care & Billing Installation Guide.   Add context entry in server.xml located under tomcat-base folder C:\spl\CCBDEMO22\product\tomcatBase\conf   ... <!-- SPL Context -->           <Context path="" docBase="C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/root" debug="0" privileged="true"/>           <Context path="/appViewer" docBase="C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/appViewer" debug="0" privileged="true"/>           <Context path="/help" docBase="C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/help" debug="0" privileged="true"/>           <Context path="/XAIApp" docBase="C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/XAIApp" debug="0" privileged="true"/>           <Context path="/SelfService" docBase="C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/SelfService" debug="0" privileged="true"/> ...   Add User in tomcat-users.xml file located under tomcat-base folder C:\spl\CCBDEMO22\product\tomcatBase\conf   <user username="WEB" password="selfservice" roles="cisusers"/>   Note the password is "selfservice", this is the default password set within the SelfServiceConfig.properties file with base64 encoding.   Restart the application (spl.cmd stop | start)   12.  Although Apache Tomcat version 6.0.13 does not come with the admin pack, you can verify whether SelfService application is loaded and running, go to following URL http://server:port/manager/list, in our case it'll be http://ccbv22:6500/manager/list Following output will be displayed   OK - Listed applications for virtual host localhost /admin:running:0:C:/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.13/webapps/ROOT/admin /XAIApp:running:0:C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/XAIApp /host-manager:running:0:C:/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.13/webapps/host-manager /SelfService:running:0:C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/SelfService /appViewer:running:0:C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/appViewer /manager:running:1:C:/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.13/webapps/manager /help:running:0:C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/help /:running:0:C:/spl/CCBDEMO22/splapp/applications/root   Also ensure that the XAIApp is running.   Run Oracle Utilities Web Self Service application http://server:port/SelfService in our case it'll be  http://ccbv22:6500/SelfService   Still doesn't work? And you get '503 HTTP response' at the time of customer registration?     This is because XAI service is still unavailable. There is initialize.waittime set for a default value of 90 seconds for the XAI Application to come up.   Remember WSS uses XAI to perform actions/validations on the CC&B database.  

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• Thinktecture.IdentityModel: WIF Support for WCF REST Services and OData

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  The latest drop of Thinktecture.IdentityModel includes plumbing and support for WIF, claims and tokens for WCF REST services and Data Services (aka OData). Cibrax has an alternative implementation that uses the WCF Rest Starter Kit. His recent post reminded me that I should finally “document” that part of our library. Features include: generic plumbing for all WebServiceHost derived WCF services support for SAML and SWT tokens support for ClaimsAuthenticationManager and ClaimsAuthorizationManager based solely on native WCF extensibility points (and WIF) This post walks you through the setup of an OData / WCF DataServices endpoint with token authentication and claims support. This sample is also included in the codeplex download along a similar sample for plain WCF REST services. Setting up the Data Service To prove the point I have created a simple WCF Data Service that renders the claims of the current client as an OData set. public class ClaimsData {     public IQueryable<ViewClaim> Claims     {         get { return GetClaims().AsQueryable(); }     }       private List<ViewClaim> GetClaims()     {         var claims = new List<ViewClaim>();         var identity = Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity as IClaimsIdentity;           int id = 0;         identity.Claims.ToList().ForEach(claim =>             {                 claims.Add(new ViewClaim                 {                    Id = ++id,                    ClaimType = claim.ClaimType,                    Value = claim.Value,                    Issuer = claim.Issuer                 });             });           return claims;     } } …and hooked that up with a read only data service: public class ClaimsDataService : DataService<ClaimsData> {     public static void InitializeService(IDataServiceConfiguration config)     {         config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("*", EntitySetRights.AllRead);     } } Enabling WIF Before you enable WIF, you should generate your client proxies. Afterwards the service will only accept requests with an access token – and svcutil does not support that. All the WIF magic is done in a special service authorization manager called the FederatedWebServiceAuthorizationManager. This code checks incoming calls to see if the Authorization HTTP header (or X-Authorization for environments where you are not allowed to set the authorization header) contains a token. This header must either start with SAML access_token= or WRAP access_token= (for SAML or SWT tokens respectively). For SAML validation, the plumbing uses the normal WIF configuration. For SWT you can either pass in a SimpleWebTokenRequirement or the SwtIssuer, SwtAudience and SwtSigningKey app settings are checked.If the token can be successfully validated, ClaimsAuthenticationManager and ClaimsAuthorizationManager are invoked and the IClaimsPrincipal gets established. The service authorization manager gets wired up by the FederatedWebServiceHostFactory: public class FederatedWebServiceHostFactory : WebServiceHostFactory {     protected override ServiceHost CreateServiceHost(       Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses)     {         var host = base.CreateServiceHost(serviceType, baseAddresses);           host.Authorization.ServiceAuthorizationManager =           new FederatedWebServiceAuthorizationManager();         host.Authorization.PrincipalPermissionMode = PrincipalPermissionMode.Custom;           return host;     } } The last step is to set up the .svc file to use the service host factory (see the sample download). Calling the Service To call the service you need to somehow get a token. This is up to you. You can either use WSTrustChannelFactory (for the full CLR), WSTrustClient (Silverlight) or some other way to obtain a token. The sample also includes code to generate SWT tokens for testing – but the whole WRAP/SWT support will be subject of a separate post. I created some extensions methods for the most common web clients (WebClient, HttpWebRequest, DataServiceContext) that allow easy setting of the token, e.g.: public static void SetAccessToken(this DataServiceContext context,   string token, string type, string headerName) {     context.SendingRequest += (s, e) =>     {         e.RequestHeaders[headerName] = GetHeader(token, type);     }; } Making a query against the Data Service could look like this: static void CallService(string token, string type) {     var data = new ClaimsData(new Uri("https://server/odata.svc/"));     data.SetAccessToken(token, type);       data.Claims.ToList().ForEach(c =>         Console.WriteLine("{0}\n {1}\n ({2})\n", c.ClaimType, c.Value, c.Issuer)); } HTH

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• Code excavations, wishful invocations, perimeters and domain specific unit test frameworks

  - by RoyOsherove

  One of the talks I did at QCON London was about a subject that I’ve come across fairly recently , when I was building SilverUnit – a “pure” unit test framework for silverlight objects that depend on the silverlight runtime to run. It is the concept of “cogs in the machine” – when your piece of code needs to run inside a host framework or runtime that you have little or no control over for testability related matters. Examples of such cogs and machines can be: your custom control running inside silverlight runtime in the browser your plug-in running inside an IDE your activity running inside a windows workflow your code running inside a java EE bean your code inheriting from a COM+ (enterprise services) component etc.. Not all of these are necessarily testability problems. The main testability problem usually comes when your code actually inherits form something inside the system. For example. one of the biggest problems with testing objects like silverlight controls is the way they depend on the silverlight runtime – they don’t implement some silverlight interface, they don’t just call external static methods against the framework runtime that surrounds them – they actually inherit parts of the framework: they all inherit (in this case) from the silverlight DependencyObject Wrapping it up? An inheritance dependency is uniquely challenging to bring under test, because “classic” methods such as wrapping the object under test with a framework wrapper will not work, and the only way to do manually is to create parallel testable objects that get delegated with all the possible actions from the dependencies.    In silverlight’s case, that would mean creating your own custom logic class that would be called directly from controls that inherit from silverlight, and would be tested independently of these controls. The pro side is that you get the benefit of understanding the “contract” and the “roles” your system plays against your logic, but unfortunately, more often than not, it can be very tedious to create, and may sometimes feel unnecessary or like code duplication. About perimeters A perimeter is that invisible line that your draw around your pieces of logic during a test, that separate the code under test from any dependencies that it uses. Most of the time, a test perimeter around an object will be the list of seams (dependencies that can be replaced such as interfaces, virtual methods etc.) that are actually replaced for that test or for all the tests. Role based perimeters In the case of creating a wrapper around an object – one really creates a “role based” perimeter around the logic that is being tested – that wrapper takes on roles that are required by the code under test, and also communicates with the host system to implement those roles and provide any inputs to the logic under test. in the image below – we have the code we want to test represented as a star. No perimeter is drawn yet (we haven’t wrapped it up in anything yet). in the image below is what happens when you wrap your logic with a role based wrapper – you get a role based perimeter anywhere your code interacts with the system: There’s another way to bring that code under test – using isolation frameworks like typemock, rhino mocks and MOQ (but if your code inherits from the system, Typemock might be the only way to isolate the code from the system interaction.   Ad-Hoc Isolation perimeters the image below shows what I call ad-hoc perimeter that might be vastly different between different tests: This perimeter’s surface is much smaller, because for that specific test, that is all the “change” that is required to the host system behavior.   The third way of isolating the code from the host system is the main “meat” of this post: Subterranean perimeters Subterranean perimeters are Deep rooted perimeters  - “always on” seams that that can lie very deep in the heart of the host system where they are fully invisible even to the test itself, not just to the code under test. Because they lie deep inside a system you can’t control, the only way I’ve found to control them is with runtime (not compile time) interception of method calls on the system. One way to get such abilities is by using Aspect oriented frameworks – for example, in SilverUnit, I’ve used the CThru AOP framework based on Typemock hooks and CLR profilers to intercept such system level method calls and effectively turn them into seams that lie deep down at the heart of the silverlight runtime. the image below depicts an example of what such a perimeter could look like: As you can see, the actual seams can be very far away form the actual code under test, and as you’ll discover, that’s actually a very good thing. Here is only a partial list of examples of such deep rooted seams : disabling the constructor of a base class five levels below the code under test (this.base.base.base.base) faking static methods of a type that’s being called several levels down the stack: method x() calls y() calls z() calls SomeType.StaticMethod()  Replacing an async mechanism with a synchronous one (replacing all timers with your own timer behavior that always Ticks immediately upon calls to “start()” on the same caller thread for example) Replacing event mechanisms with your own event mechanism (to allow “firing” system events) Changing the way the system saves information with your own saving behavior (in silverunit, I replaced all Dependency Property set and get with calls to an in memory value store instead of using the one built into silverlight which threw exceptions without a browser) several questions could jump in: How do you know what to fake? (how do you discover the perimeter?) How do you fake it? Wouldn’t this be problematic  - to fake something you don’t own? it might change in the future How do you discover the perimeter to fake? To discover a perimeter all you have to do is start with a wishful invocation. a wishful invocation is the act of trying to invoke a method (or even just create an instance ) of an object using “regular” test code. You invoke the thing that you’d like to do in a real unit test, to see what happens: Can I even create an instance of this object without getting an exception? Can I invoke this method on that instance without getting an exception? Can I verify that some call into the system happened? You make the invocation, get an exception (because there is a dependency) and look at the stack trace. choose a location in the stack trace and disable it. Then try the invocation again. if you don’t get an exception the perimeter is good for that invocation, so you can move to trying out other methods on that object. in a future post I will show the process using CThru, and how you end up with something close to a domain specific test framework after you’re done creating the perimeter you need.

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• IntelliSense for Razor Hosting in non-Web Applications

  - by Rick Strahl

  When I posted my Razor Hosting article a couple of weeks ago I got a number of questions on how to get IntelliSense to work inside of Visual Studio while editing your templates. The answer to this question is mainly dependent on how Visual Studio recognizes assemblies, so a little background is required. If you open a template just on its own as a standalone file by clicking on it say in Explorer, Visual Studio will open up with the template in the editor, but you won’t get any IntelliSense on any of your related assemblies that you might be using by default. It’ll give Intellisense on base System namespace, but not on your imported assembly types. This makes sense: Visual Studio has no idea what the assembly associations for the single file are. There are two options available to you to make IntelliSense work for templates: Add the templates as included files to your non-Web project Add a BIN folder to your template’s folder and add all assemblies required there Including Templates in your Host Project By including templates into your Razor hosting project, Visual Studio will pick up the project’s assembly references and make IntelliSense available for any of the custom types in your project and on your templates. To see this work I moved the \Templates folder from the samples from the Debug\Bin folder into the project root and included the templates in the WinForm sample project. Here’s what this looks like in Visual Studio after the templates have been included:   Notice that I take my original example and type cast the Context object to the specific type that it actually represents – namely CustomContext – by using a simple code block: @{ CustomContext Model = Context as CustomContext; } After that assignment my Model local variable is in scope and IntelliSense works as expected. Note that you also will need to add any namespaces with the using command in this case: @using RazorHostingWinForm which has to be defined at the very top of a Razor document. BTW, while you can only pass in a single Context 'parameter’ to the template with the default template I’ve provided realize that you can also assign a complex object to Context. For example you could have a container object that references a variety of other objects which you can then cast to the appropriate types as needed: @{ ContextContainer container = Context as ContextContainer; CustomContext Model = container.Model; CustomDAO DAO = container.DAO; } and so forth. IntelliSense for your Custom Template Notice also that you can get IntelliSense for the top level template by specifying an inherits tag at the top of the document: @inherits RazorHosting.RazorTemplateFolderHost By specifying the above you can then get IntelliSense on your base template’s properties. For example, in my base template there are Request and Response objects. This is very useful especially if you end up creating custom templates that include your custom business objects as you can get effectively see full IntelliSense from the ‘page’ level down. For Html Help Builder for example, I’d have a Help object on the page and assuming I have the references available I can see all the way into that Help object without even having to do anything fancy. Note that the @inherits key is a GREAT and easy way to override the base template you normally specify as the default template. It allows you to create a custom template and as long as it inherits from the base template it’ll work properly. Since the last post I’ve also made some changes in the base template that allow hooking up some simple initialization logic so it gets much more easy to create custom templates and hook up custom objects with an IntializeTemplate() hook function that gets called with the Context and a Configuration object. These objects are objects you can pass in at runtime from your host application and then assign to custom properties on your template. For example the default implementation for RazorTemplateFolderHost does this: public override void InitializeTemplate(object context, object configurationData) { // Pick up configuration data and stuff into Request object RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration config = configurationData as RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration; this.Request.TemplatePath = config.TemplatePath; this.Request.TemplateRelativePath = config.TemplateRelativePath; // Just use the entire ConfigData as the model, but in theory // configData could contain many objects or values to set on // template properties this.Model = config.ConfigData as TModel; } to set up a strongly typed Model and the Request object. You can do much more complex hookups here of course and create complex base template pages that contain all the objects that you need in your code with strong typing. Adding a Bin folder to your Template’s Root Path Including templates in your host project works if you own the project and you’re the only one modifying the templates. However, if you are distributing the Razor engine as a templating/scripting solution as part of your application or development tool the original project is likely not available and so that approach is not practical. Another option you have is to add a Bin folder and add all the related assemblies into it. You can also add a Web.Config file with assembly references for any GAC’d assembly references that need to be associated with the templates. Between the web.config and bin folder Visual Studio can figure out how to provide IntelliSense. The Bin folder should contain: The RazorHosting.dll Your host project’s EXE or DLL – renamed to .dll if it’s an .exe Any external (bin folder) dependent assemblies Note that you most likely also want a reference to the host project if it contains references that are going to be used in templates. Visual Studio doesn’t recognize an EXE reference so you have to rename the EXE to DLL to make it work. Apparently the binary signature of EXE and DLL files are identical and it just works – learn something new everyday… For GAC assembly references you can add a web.config file to your template root. The Web.config file then should contain any full assembly references to GAC components: <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true"> <assemblies> <add assembly="System.Web.Mvc, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add assembly="System.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" /> <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> </assemblies> </compilation> </system.web> </configuration> And with that you should get full IntelliSense. Note that if you add a BIN folder and you also have the templates in your Visual Studio project Visual Studio will complain about reference conflicts as it’s effectively seeing both the project references and the ones in the bin folder. So it’s probably a good idea to use one or the other but not both at the same time :-) Seeing IntelliSense in your Razor templates is a big help for users of your templates. If you’re shipping an application level scripting solution especially it’ll be real useful for your template consumers/users to be able to get some quick help on creating customized templates – after all that’s what templates are all about – easy customization. Making sure that everything is referenced in your bin folder and web.config is a good idea and it’s great to see that Visual Studio (and presumably WebMatrix/Visual Web Developer as well) will be able to pick up your custom IntelliSense in Razor templates.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in Razor  

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• nginx problem accessing virtual hosts

  - by Sc0rian

  I am setting up nginx as a reverse proxy. The server runs on directadmin and lamp stack. I have nginx running on port 81. I can access all my sites (including virtual ips) on the port 81. However when I forward the traffic from port 80 to 81, the virtual ips have a message saying "Apache is running normally". Server IPs are fine, and I can still access virtual IP's on 81. [root@~]# netstat -an | grep LISTEN | egrep ":80|:81" tcp 0 0 <virtual ip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 <virtual ip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 <serverip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN apache 24090 0.6 1.3 29252 13612 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24092 0.9 2.1 39584 22056 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24096 0.2 1.9 35892 20256 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24120 0.3 1.7 35752 17840 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24495 0.0 1.4 30892 14756 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24496 1.0 2.1 39892 22164 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24516 1.5 3.6 55496 38040 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24519 0.1 1.2 28996 13224 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24521 2.7 4.0 58244 41984 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24522 0.0 1.2 29124 12672 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24524 0.0 1.1 28740 12364 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24535 1.1 1.7 36008 17876 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24536 0.0 1.1 28592 12084 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24537 0.0 1.1 28592 12112 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24539 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? Z 18:35 0:00 [httpd] <defunct> apache 24540 0.0 1.1 28592 11540 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24541 0.0 1.1 28592 11548 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL root 24548 0.0 0.0 4132 752 pts/0 R+ 18:35 0:00 egrep apache|nginx root 28238 0.0 0.0 19576 284 ? Ss May29 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf apache 28239 0.0 0.0 19888 804 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: worker process apache 28240 0.0 0.0 19888 548 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: worker process apache 28241 0.0 0.0 19736 484 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: cache manager process here is my nginx conf: cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user apache apache; worker_processes 2; # Set it according to what your CPU have. 4 Cores = 4 worker_rlimit_nofile 8192; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; server_tokens off; access_log /var/log/nginx_access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx_error.log debug; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay off; keepalive_timeout 30; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 9; gzip_proxied any; proxy_buffering on; proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp levels=1:2 keys_zone=one:15m inactive=7d max_size=1000m; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 100 8k; proxy_connect_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 60; proxy_read_timeout 60; server { listen <server ip>:81 default rcvbuf=8192 sndbuf=16384 backlog=32000; # Real IP here server_name <server host name> _; # "_" is for handle all hosts that are not described by server_name charset off; access_log /var/log/nginx_host_general.access.log main; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://<server ip>; # Real IP here client_max_body_size 16m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffering on; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 120; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 32 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } location /nginx_status { stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } } include /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/*.conf; } here is my vhost conf: # cat /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/1.conf server { listen <virt ip>:81 default rcvbuf=8192 sndbuf=16384 backlog=32000; # Real IP here server_name <virt domain name>.com ; # "_" is for handle all hosts that are not described by server_name charset off; access_log /var/log/nginx_host_general.access.log main; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://<virt ip>; # Real IP here client_max_body_size 16m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffering on; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 120; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 32 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } }

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• Running Solaris 11 as a control domain on a T2000

  - by jsavit

  There is increased adoption of Oracle Solaris 11, and many customers are deploying it on systems that previously ran Solaris 10. That includes older T1-processor based systems like T1000 and T2000. Even though they are old (from 2005) and don't have the performance of current SPARC servers, they are still functional, stable servers that customers continue to operate. One reason to install Solaris 11 on them is that older machines are attractive for testing OS upgrades before updating current, production systems. Normally this does not present a challenge, because Solaris 11 runs on any T-series or M-series SPARC server. One scenario adds a complication: running Solaris 11 in a control domain on a T1000 or T2000 hosting logical domains. Solaris 11 pre-installed Oracle VM Server for SPARC incompatible with T1 Unlike Solaris 10, Solaris 11 comes with Oracle VM Server for SPARC preinstalled. The ldomsmanager package contains the logical domains manager for Oracle VM Server for SPARC 2.2, which requires a SPARC T2, T2+, T3, or T4 server. It does not work with T1-processor systems, which are only supported by LDoms Manager 1.2 and earlier. The following screenshot shows what happens (bold font) if you try to use Oracle VM Server for SPARC 2.x commands in a Solaris 11 control domain. The commands were issued in a control domain on a T2000 that previously ran Solaris 10. We also display the version of the logical domains manager installed in Solaris 11: root@t2000 psrinfo -vp The physical processor has 4 virtual processors (0-3) UltraSPARC-T1 (chipid 0, clock 1200 MHz) # prtconf|grep T SUNW,Sun-Fire-T200 # ldm -V Failed to connect to logical domain manager: Connection refused # pkg info ldomsmanager Name: system/ldoms/ldomsmanager Summary: Logical Domains Manager Description: LDoms Manager - Virtualization for SPARC T-Series Category: System/Virtualization State: Installed Publisher: solaris Version: 2.2.0.0 Build Release: 5.11 Branch: 0.175.0.8.0.3.0 Packaging Date: May 25, 2012 10:20:48 PM Size: 2.86 MB FMRI: pkg://solaris/system/ldoms/[email protected],5.11-0.175.0.8.0.3.0:20120525T222048Z The 2.2 version of the logical domains manager will have to be removed, and 1.2 installed, in order to use this as a control domain. Preparing to change - create a new boot environment Before doing anything else, lets create a new boot environment: # beadm list BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created -- ------ ---------- ----- ------ ------- solaris NR / 2.14G static 2012-09-25 10:32 # beadm create solaris-1 # beadm activate solaris-1 # beadm list BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created -- ------ ---------- ----- ------ ------- solaris N / 4.82M static 2012-09-25 10:32 solaris-1 R - 2.14G static 2012-09-29 11:40 # init 0 Normally an init 6 to reboot would have been sufficient, but in the next step I reset the system anyway in order to put the system in factory default mode for a "clean" domain configuration. Preparing to change - reset to factory default There was a leftover domain configuration on the T2000, so I reset it to the factory install state. Since the ldm command is't working yet, it can't be done from the control domain, so I did it by logging onto to the service processor: $ ssh -X admin@t2000-sc Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle Advanced Lights Out Manager CMT v1.7.9 Please login: admin Please Enter password: ******** sc> showhost Sun-Fire-T2000 System Firmware 6.7.10 2010/07/14 16:35 Host flash versions: OBP 4.30.4.b 2010/07/09 13:48 Hypervisor 1.7.3.c 2010/07/09 15:14 POST 4.30.4.b 2010/07/09 14:24 sc> bootmode config="factory-default" sc> poweroff Are you sure you want to power off the system [y/n]? y SC Alert: SC Request to Power Off Host. SC Alert: Host system has shut down. sc> poweron SC Alert: Host System has Reset At this point I rebooted into the new Solaris 11 boot environment, and Solaris commands showed it was running on the factory default configuration of a single domain owning all 32 CPUs and 32GB of RAM (that's what it looked like in 2005.) # psrinfo -vp The physical processor has 8 cores and 32 virtual processors (0-31) The core has 4 virtual processors (0-3) The core has 4 virtual processors (4-7) The core has 4 virtual processors (8-11) The core has 4 virtual processors (12-15) The core has 4 virtual processors (16-19) The core has 4 virtual processors (20-23) The core has 4 virtual processors (24-27) The core has 4 virtual processors (28-31) UltraSPARC-T1 (chipid 0, clock 1200 MHz) # prtconf|grep Mem Memory size: 32640 Megabytes Note that the older processor has 4 virtual CPUs per core, while current processors have 8 per core. Remove ldomsmanager 2.2 and install the 1.2 version The Solaris 11 pkg command is now used to remove the 2.2 version that shipped with Solaris 11: # pkg uninstall ldomsmanager Packages to remove: 1 Create boot environment: No Create backup boot environment: No Services to change: 2 PHASE ACTIONS Removal Phase 130/130 PHASE ITEMS Package State Update Phase 1/1 Package Cache Update Phase 1/1 Image State Update Phase 2/2 Finally, LDoms 1.2 installed via its install script, the same way it was done years ago: # unzip LDoms-1_2-Integration-10.zip # cd LDoms-1_2-Integration-10/Install/ # ./install-ldm Welcome to the LDoms installer. You are about to install the Logical Domains Manager package that will enable you to create, destroy and control other domains on your system. Given the capabilities of the LDoms domain manager, you can now change the security configuration of this Solaris instance using the Solaris Security Toolkit. ... ... normal install messages omitted ... The Solaris Security Toolkit applies to Solaris 10, and cannot be used in Solaris 11 (in which several things hardened by the Toolkit are already hardened by default), so answer b in the choice below: You are about to install the Logical Domains Manager package that will enable you to create, destroy and control other domains on your system. Given the capabilities of the LDoms domain manager, you can now change the security configuration of this Solaris instance using the Solaris Security Toolkit. Select a security profile from this list: a) Hardened Solaris configuration for LDoms (recommended) b) Standard Solaris configuration c) Your custom-defined Solaris security configuration profile Enter a, b, or c [a]: b ... other install messages omitted for brevity... After install I ensure that the necessary services are enabled, and verify the version of the installed LDoms Manager: # svcs ldmd STATE STIME FMRI online 22:00:36 svc:/ldoms/ldmd:default # svcs vntsd STATE STIME FMRI disabled Aug_19 svc:/ldoms/vntsd:default # ldm -V Logical Domain Manager (v 1.2-debug) Hypervisor control protocol v 1.3 Using Hypervisor MD v 1.1 System PROM: Hypervisor v. 1.7.3. @(#)Hypervisor 1.7.3.c 2010/07/09 15:14\015 OpenBoot v. 4.30.4. @(#)OBP 4.30.4.b 2010/07/09 13:48 Set up control domain and domain services At this point we have a functioning LDoms 1.2 environment that can be configured in the usual fashion. One difference is that LDoms 1.2 behavior had 'delayed configuration mode (as expected) during initial configuration before rebooting the control domain. Another minor difference with a Solaris 11 control domain is that you define virtual switches using the 'vanity name' of the network interface, rather than the hardware driver name as in Solaris 10. # ldm list ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Notice: the LDom Manager is running in configuration mode. Configuration and resource information is displayed for the configuration under construction; not the current active configuration. The configuration being constructed will only take effect after it is downloaded to the system controller and the host is reset. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NAME STATE FLAGS CONS VCPU MEMORY UTIL UPTIME primary active -n-c-- SP 32 32640M 3.2% 4d 2h 50m # ldm add-vdiskserver primary-vds0 primary # ldm add-vconscon port-range=5000-5100 primary-vcc0 primary # ldm add-vswitch net-dev=net0 primary-vsw0 primary # ldm set-mau 2 primary # ldm set-vcpu 8 primary # ldm set-memory 4g primary # ldm add-config initial # ldm list-spconfig factory-default initial [current] That's it, really. After reboot, we are ready to install guest domains. Summary - new wine in old bottles This example shows that (new) Solaris 11 can be installed on (old) T2000 servers and used as a control domain. The main activity is to remove the preinstalled Oracle VM Server for 2.2 and install Logical Domains 1.2 - the last version of LDoms to support T1-processor systems. I tested Solaris 10 and Solaris 11 guest domains running on this server and they worked without any surprises. This is a viable way to get further into Solaris 11 adoption, even on older T-series equipment.

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• [News] L'?dition de Mars de l'Architecture Journal

  L'?dition Mars 2010 de l'Architecture Journal se d?marque des ?ditions pr?c?dentes en affichant des articles de plus en plus proches des sujets en vogue dans la communaut? Alt.NET. Dans le sommaire de cette ?dition, un article sur le DDD (Domain Driven Design) mais aussi "UML ou DSL?" suivi d'un long papier sur la mod?lisation dans un contexte agile. A lire.

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• How to pin Eclipse Indigo to Unity?

  - by nunos

  How can I pin eclipse indigo 3.7 I have 'installed' at /opt/ to the taskbar? I have tried launching eclipse and right-clicking to choose the 'keep in launcher' option. But when I click that icon, after closing eclipse, it doesn't start eclipse. I have already looked at How do I add Eclipse Indigo to the launcher? but no answer worked for me. (Mod note: The answers from this thread are now merged into this one)

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• When I add myself "vboxusers" group I an no longer in the "admins" group

  - by R9TySix

  I'm using Ubuntu 11.10 and I installed VirtualBox. This required me to add myself to the vboxusers group but when I add myself to vboxusers group I am no longer be in other groups and especially admins group! When I add myself back to admins group I no longer be am in the vboxusers group ! Commands that I used to add user to "vboxusers": usermod -G vboxusers myusername to add user back to admins group in single user mod: usermod -aG admin myusername

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• Custom Music in Skyrim's Creation Kit?

  - by CptSupermrkt

  Can you bring in external music such as mp3s? If so, how? I didn't see anything about this in the wiki Bethesda released. Also how does this work with regards to the Steam Workshop? Don't imagine they would appreciate uploading copyrighted content. I don't particularly care about making a public mod, I just want to screw around privately and create dungeons/towns using music from some of my favorite games. Thanks.

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• How to fix 'grub error file not found' when installing 12.04?

  - by Tomasz Grabowski

  i'm trying to install Ubuntu. I don't know if it is important, but i'm trying to install it on external HDD. In the end i have external bootable HDD which only displays: error: file not found grub recovery> From the beginning: I've downloaded ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso I've used LiLi USB Creator (LinuxLive) to create bootable pendrive from that image I've bootet from it, it works I've clicked "Try ubuntu", it works too. I've used GParted to look over drivers (disks) My primary embedded disk is seen as /dev/sda My attached external disk as /dev/sdb My PenDrive as /dev/sdc I've created partitions on /dev/sdb Fist partition for system (over 200GiB) Second was there already (it's xsf, and i don't want to touch it :P) Third is extended partition, with 1 locital partiton (10GiB) for swap I've started installation i've choose "somethin else" in ... i belive secound screeb then is selected /dev/sdb as boot disk for first partiton of /dev/sdb i set i want ext3 file system, i've check "formattin" checkbox, and mount path set to "/" firs logical partiton set as swap partition After installation finished, i restarted my computer. When i boot from my primary disc it's work ok, my previous operating system - vista - works ok. When i set my BIOS to boot from my external disc, i only get that message: error: file not found grub recovery> I've try to reinstall it, but didn't help... In desperation, i've try to read a bit about that "grub recovery" command-line and experiment a bit... I'm not sure if this has had any point, or if it give you some information (notice, that i don't know what i'm doing :P ) when i've type command: insmod (hd1,1)/boot/grub/linux.mod i've get message: unknown filesystem the same with: insmod (hd1,msdos1)/boot/grub/linux.mod the same with: insmod ext3 but i get no message after command: insmod ext2 ... notice that i really don't know what this command exactly do, but than i thought that maybe if i reinstall ubuntu with ext2 filesystem, it will work. I've done that, but symptoms are the same. I've go back to that Live version of ubuntu, filesystem and basics directories seems to be present on /dev/sdb1 ... i'm completely unfamiliar with GRUB. I'm also don't know which wersion of GRUB it is, i hope there is only one version on ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso Any help? Thax

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• Skyrim Creation Kit with Xbox 360

  - by funseiki

  I posted this on stackoverflow but was advised to post here (here is a link to the stackoverflow question). I'm hoping for constructive feedback on its plausibility. Update on progress: It looks like there are ways to stuff files back onto the console (horizon, modio, xplorer360, etc) and they do require some form of signing. As of now, though, I've had no luck. I was hoping I could get away with just placing the ".esp" into the directory containing marketplace downloads for Skyrim, along with the signed ".bsa" file (basically a zipped up file containing any extra content the .esp will need to refer that doesn't exist in the basic game). This doesn't work, at least not in the ways I've tried, so next I'm going to try install the entire game to my flash drive (if possible) and attempt to traverse through the game's directory (this is probably unlikely). If anyone else has suggestions or luck or wants more detail on my failures comment/answer away. Here is the question: I'm thinking about buying the PC version of Skyrim to get the Creation Kit (I already own a copy for the Xbox). I have read the faq and scoured plenty of forums to see if there was some way to mod Skyrim for a console (Xbox 360, in particular), but they are generally coming up negative. I realize the CreationKit is on the PC, but I was wondering if there was a way to set up the '.esp' (hopefully I'm interpreting this correctly) files to be placed on the Xbox 360 file system in a similar manner to how game add-ons are downloaded from the Xbox Live Marketplace. I believe it is possible to transfer saves between the console and the PC (e.g. google: 'skyrim mod xbox360'), but these are referencing items that already exist in the game (e.g. a console command for maximum carry weight does not require reference to new animations or models). It would probably be easier if one could navigate through the xbox's file system to see where the games' files are placed, but with the current setup, the file system is abstracted away. Any help or insight on the matter would be much appreciated. I would love to work on a project that would make it possible to let console gamers experience and enjoy all the great mods available to the PC community.

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• Achieving certain rendering styles

  - by milesmeow

  I'm trying to assess the difficulty of creating a rendering style that is more like the game Okami and the Quake mods (as shown on this page...search for 'okami','quake npr'). Here's a better page describing the Quake rendering mod. Can a game engine such as Unity be used and programmed to achieve these kind of rendering styles? I'm doing research and am totally new to this so any insight into this would help tremendously.

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• How to use Chrome to access Oracle Applications

  - by Pan.Tian

  So far,Chrome browser is still not certified by Oracle Application, so you can not access Oracle Apps via Chrome.But you can install a chrome Extension to access Oracle Application(It works fine for 11i or R12 instance) Chrome Plugin:Oracle EBS R12 Enablement for Chrome You can use this Chrome Extension to log in Oracle E-Business R12 Form UI without FRM-92129(or FRM-92120) error which say the file Registry.dat lost. Plugin Author: zorrofox (see:http://www.itpub.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1724526&page=1#pid20409128)

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• Chrome mistakenly downloads localhost/wordpress pages, but Firefox doesn't

  - by Mr E

  I have Wordpress installed at http://localhost/wordpress When I try and view a page in Chrome, it downloads the PHP file rather than showing the page. When I view in Firefox, everything works fine. when I create localhost/test.php containing simply <?php echo "hello world" ?> it displays in both browsers. Any ideas on what might be wrong? $ dpkg -l | grep apache outputs: apache2, apache2-mpm-prefork, apache2-utils, apache2.2-bin, apache2.2-common, libapache2-mod-php5

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• Acer lancera six modèles de smartphones en 2013, dont un sous Windows Phone 8

  Acer lancera six modèles de smartphones en 2013 dont un sous Windows Phone 8 Acer envisage également de commercialiser un smartphone sous le futur système d'exploitation Windows Phone 8. Après Samsung avec son smartphone ATIV S, Nokia qui présentera ses modèles de terminaux sous l'OS ce jour, c'est au tour du constructeur taïwanais de manifester son intention de publier un téléphone Windows Phone 8. Le président de la société Jim Wong a annoncé que l'année 2013 serait marquée par la publication de six nouveaux modèles de smartphones. L'un des mod...

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• Grub rescue - error: unknown filesystem

  - by user53817

  I have a multiboot system set up. The system has three drives. Multiboot is configured with Windows XP, Windows 7, and Ubuntu - all on the first drive. I had a lot of unpartitioned space left on the drive and was reserving it for adding other OSes and for storing files there in the future. One day I went ahead and downloaded Partition Wizard and created a logical NTFS partition from within Windows 7, still some unpartitioned space left over. Everything worked fine, until I rebooted the computer a few days later. Now I'm getting: error: unknown filesystem. grub rescue First of all I was surprised not to find any kind of help command, by trying: help, ?, man, --help, -h, bash, cmd, etc. Now I'm stuck with non-bootable system. I have started researching the issue and finding that people usually recommend to boot to a Live CD and fix the issue from there. Is there a way to fix this issue from within grub rescue without the need for Live CD? UPDATE By following the steps from persist commands typed to grub rescue, I was able to boot to initramfs prompt. But not anywhere further than that. So far from reading the manual on grub rescue, I was able to see my drives and partitions using ls command. For the first hard drive I see the following: (hd0) (hd0,msdos6) (hd0,msdos5) (hd0,msdos2) (hd0,msdos1) I now know that (hd0,msdos6) contains Linux on it, since ls (hd0,msdos6)/ lists directories. Others will give "error: unknown filesystem." UPDATE 2 After the following commands I am now getting to the boot menu and can boot into Windows 7 and Ubuntu, but upon reboot I have to repeat these steps. ls ls (hd0,msdos6)/ set root=(hd0,msdos6) ls / set prefix=(hd0,msdos6)/boot/grub insmod /boot/grub/linux.mod normal UPDATE 3 Thanks Shashank Singh, with your instructions I have simplified my steps to the following. I have learned from you that I can replace msdos6 with just a 6 and that I can just do insmod normal instead of insmod /boot/grub/linux.mod. Now I just need to figure out how to save this settings from within grub itself, without booting into any OS. set root=(hd0,6) set prefix=(hd0,6)/boot/grub insmod normal normal UPDATE 4 Well, it seems like it is a requirement to boot into Linux. After booting into Ubuntu I have performed the following steps described in the manual: sudo update-grub udo grub-install /dev/sda This did not resolve the issue. I still get the grub rescue prompt. What do I need to do to permanently fix it? I have also learned that drive numbers as in hd0 need to be translated to drive letters as in /dev/sda for some commands. hd1 would be sdb, hd2 would be sdc, and so on. Partitions listed in grub as (hd0,msdos6) would be translated to /dev/sda6.

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• Raid superblock missing on single parition. Recovery needed!

  - by user171639

  Ok so I have a 2 TB raid 1 setup that has three partitions: sdc1: linux sdc2: swap sdc3: LVM for data However the LVM will no longer mount. So I thought that I would take the first drive, mount it in linux (ive done this b4), and reset the spare drive to copy the data. Normally I can mount a single drive for data recovery using: sudo su apt-get install mdadm lvm2 mdadm --assemble --scan modprobe dm-mod vgscan vgchange -ay c mount -o ro /dev/c/c /mnt Unfortunately, vgscan doesnot recognize the data partition. It appears as though the superblock on the first drive's data partition was erased while syncing with the second. So now I cannot mount that partition and the second drive is stuck in spare mode. Any ideas? Or a way to force mount the data partition just to copy the data? knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo su root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# apt-get install mdadm lvm2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done lvm2 is already the newest version. mdadm is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 551 not upgraded. root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# mdadm --assemble --scan mdadm: /dev/md/1 has been started with 1 drive (out of 2). mdadm: /dev/md/0 has been started with 1 drive (out of 2). root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# modprobe dm-mod root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... No volume groups found root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdc1[2] 4193268 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] md1 : active raid1 sdc2[2] 524276 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] unused devices: <none> root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# mdadm -v --assemble --auto=yes /dev/md2 /dev/sdc3 mdadm: looking for devices for /dev/md2 mdadm: no recogniseable superblock on /dev/sdc3 mdadm: /dev/sdc3 has no superblock - assembly aborted root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# dumpe2fs /dev/md0 | grep -i superblock dumpe2fs 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012) Primary superblock at 0, Group descriptors at 1-1 Backup superblock at 32768, Group descriptors at 32769-32769 Backup superblock at 98304, Group descriptors at 98305-98305 Backup superblock at 163840, Group descriptors at 163841-163841 Backup superblock at 229376, Group descriptors at 229377-229377 Backup superblock at 294912, Group descriptors at 294913-294913 Backup superblock at 819200, Group descriptors at 819201-819201 Backup superblock at 884736, Group descriptors at 884737-884737 root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# Notes: I can read the super block from the spare drive. I was gonna try and restore the superblock from one of the backups, but i dont know how or if this would work. I also heard creating a new array (mdadm --create) using the same parameters will not delete the data on the drive but i didnt want to risk it. Recommendations?

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• Heroes Of Newerth Gone Retail !

  <b>Linux Gaming News:</b> "Today the DOTA mod remake Heroes Of Newerth from S2games has gone retail ! S2Games made GNU/Linux clients for their Savage series and HoN is no exception ! It runs pretty good on GNU/Linux and offer a native 64-bit client."

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• ?????3:????“??”

  - by Todd Bao

  ?????SQL???????... =D select c from(select * from(select 'oracle' cc, level no from dual connect by level <= length('oracle'))model return updated rowsdimension by (no)measures (cc c, no n)rules (   c[any] = substr(c[cv()],n[cv()],1)))/ ????itpub?????????oracle????????,???????,?????????“???”,????????????????????????????????????=D ??? Todd ????:http://www.itpub.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&action=printable&tid=1253982 Todd

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• Wireless card power management

  - by penner

  I have noticed that when my computer in plugged in, the wireless strength increases. I'm assuming this is to do with power management. Is there a way to disable Wireless Power Management? I have found a few blog posts that show hacks to disable this but what is best practice here? Should there not be an option via the power menu that lets you toggle this? EDIT -- FILES AND LOGS AS REQUESTED /var/log/kern.log Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.528052] postgres (1308): /proc/1308/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/1308/oom_score_adj instead. Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.532080] [fglrx] Gart USWC size:1280 M. Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.532084] [fglrx] Gart cacheable size:508 M. Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.532091] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Shared offset:0, size:1000000 Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.532094] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:f8fd000, size:403000 Jul 11 11:45:27 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 6.532098] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:3fff4000, size:c000 Jul 11 11:45:38 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 17.423743] eth1: no IPv6 routers present Jul 11 11:46:37 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 75.836426] warning: `proftpd' uses 32-bit capabilities (legacy support in use) Jul 11 11:46:37 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 75.884215] init: plymouth-stop pre-start process (2922) terminated with status 1 Jul 11 11:54:25 CoolBreeze kernel: [ 543.679614] eth1: no IPv6 routers present dmesg [ 1.411959] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] [ 1.412046] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0E:00/input/input1 [ 1.412054] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB] [ 1.412150] input: Lid Switch as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0D:00/input/input2 [ 1.412765] ACPI: Lid Switch [LID0] [ 1.412866] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input3 [ 1.412874] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] [ 1.412996] ACPI: Fan [FAN0] (off) [ 1.413068] ACPI: Fan [FAN1] (off) [ 1.419493] thermal LNXTHERM:00: registered as thermal_zone0 [ 1.419498] ACPI: Thermal Zone [TZ00] (27 C) [ 1.421913] thermal LNXTHERM:01: registered as thermal_zone1 [ 1.421918] ACPI: Thermal Zone [TZ01] (61 C) [ 1.421971] ACPI: Deprecated procfs I/F for battery is loaded, please retry with CONFIG_ACPI_PROCFS_POWER cleared [ 1.421986] ACPI: Battery Slot [BAT0] (battery present) [ 1.422062] ERST: Table is not found! [ 1.422067] GHES: HEST is not enabled! [ 1.422158] isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... [ 1.422242] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 1.434620] ACPI: Battery Slot [BAT0] (battery present) [ 1.736355] Freeing initrd memory: 14352k freed [ 1.777846] isapnp: No Plug & Play device found [ 1.963650] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 [ 1.967148] brd: module loaded [ 1.968866] loop: module loaded [ 1.969134] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: version 3.0 [ 1.969154] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 1.969226] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 1.969277] ahci: SSS flag set, parallel bus scan disabled [ 1.969320] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: AHCI 0001.0300 32 slots 6 ports 3 Gbps 0x23 impl SATA mode [ 1.969329] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: flags: 64bit ncq sntf stag pm led clo pio slum part ems sxs apst [ 1.969338] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.983340] scsi0 : ahci [ 1.983515] scsi1 : ahci [ 1.983670] scsi2 : ahci [ 1.983829] scsi3 : ahci [ 1.983985] scsi4 : ahci [ 1.984145] scsi5 : ahci [ 1.984270] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xf1005000 port 0xf1005100 irq 45 [ 1.984277] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xf1005000 port 0xf1005180 irq 45 [ 1.984282] ata3: DUMMY [ 1.984285] ata4: DUMMY [ 1.984288] ata5: DUMMY [ 1.984292] ata6: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xf1005000 port 0xf1005380 irq 45 [ 1.985150] Fixed MDIO Bus: probed [ 1.985192] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [ 1.985196] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <[email protected]> [ 1.985285] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [ 1.985472] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver [ 1.985507] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.985534] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.985541] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: EHCI Host Controller [ 1.985626] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 [ 1.985666] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: debug port 2 [ 1.989663] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: cache line size of 64 is not supported [ 1.989690] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: irq 16, io mem 0xf1005800 [ 2.002183] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 2.002447] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 2.002455] hub 1-0:1.0: 3 ports detected [ 2.002607] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 2.002633] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 2.002639] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: EHCI Host Controller [ 2.002737] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 [ 2.002775] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: debug port 2 [ 2.006780] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: cache line size of 64 is not supported [ 2.006806] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: irq 23, io mem 0xf1005c00 [ 2.022161] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 2.022401] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 2.022409] hub 2-0:1.0: 3 ports detected [ 2.022567] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver [ 2.022599] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver [ 2.022720] usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual [ 2.022813] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2K,PNP0f13:PS2M] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12 [ 2.035831] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 [ 2.035844] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 [ 2.036096] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 2.036710] rtc_cmos 00:07: RTC can wake from S4 [ 2.036881] rtc_cmos 00:07: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 [ 2.037143] rtc0: alarms up to one month, y3k, 242 bytes nvram, hpet irqs [ 2.037503] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 [ 2.037656] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.22.0-ioctl (2011-10-19) initialised: [email protected] [ 2.037725] EISA: Probing bus 0 at eisa.0 [ 2.037729] EISA: Cannot allocate resource for mainboard [ 2.037734] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 1 [ 2.037738] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 2 [ 2.037741] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 3 [ 2.037745] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 4 [ 2.037749] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 5 [ 2.037753] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 6 [ 2.037756] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 7 [ 2.037760] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 8 [ 2.037764] EISA: Detected 0 cards. [ 2.037782] cpufreq-nforce2: No nForce2 chipset. [ 2.038264] cpuidle: using governor ladder [ 2.039015] cpuidle: using governor menu [ 2.039019] EFI Variables Facility v0.08 2004-May-17 [ 2.040061] TCP cubic registered [ 2.041438] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 2.043814] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 2.043823] Registering the dns_resolver key type [ 2.044290] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input4 [ 2.044336] Using IPI No-Shortcut mode [ 2.045620] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded. [ 2.045644] registered taskstats version 1 [ 2.073070] Magic number: 4:976:796 [ 2.073415] rtc_cmos 00:07: setting system clock to 2012-07-11 18:45:23 UTC (1342032323) [ 2.076654] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found [ 2.076658] EDD information not available. [ 2.302111] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [ 2.302587] ata1.00: ATA-9: M4-CT128M4SSD2, 000F, max UDMA/100 [ 2.302595] ata1.00: 250069680 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA [ 2.303143] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/100 [ 2.303453] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA M4-CT128M4SSD2 000F PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 2.303746] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [ 2.303920] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 250069680 512-byte logical blocks: (128 GB/119 GiB) [ 2.304213] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 2.304225] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 2.304471] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 2.306818] sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 > [ 2.308780] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 2.318162] Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 1595.999 MHz. [ 2.318169] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci_hcd [ 2.318178] Switching to clocksource tsc [ 2.450939] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found [ 2.451121] hub 1-1:1.0: 6 ports detected [ 2.561786] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci_hcd [ 2.621757] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) [ 2.636143] ata2.00: ATAPI: TSSTcorp DVD+/-RW TS-T633C, D800, max UDMA/100 [ 2.636152] ata2.00: applying bridge limits [ 2.649711] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/100 [ 2.653762] scsi 1:0:0:0: CD-ROM TSSTcorp DVD+-RW TS-T633C D800 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 2.661486] sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 24x/24x writer dvd-ram cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 2.661494] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 [ 2.661890] sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 [ 2.662156] sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 5 [ 2.694649] hub 2-1:1.0: USB hub found [ 2.694840] hub 2-1:1.0: 8 ports detected [ 2.765823] usb 1-1.4: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 2.981454] ata6: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 2.982597] Freeing unused kernel memory: 740k freed [ 2.983523] Write protecting the kernel text: 5816k [ 2.983808] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 2376k [ 2.983811] NX-protecting the kernel data: 4424k [ 3.014594] udevd[127]: starting version 175 [ 3.068925] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver [ 3.068932] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman [ 3.069714] sdhci-pci 0000:09:00.0: SDHCI controller found [1180:e822] (rev 1) [ 3.069742] sdhci-pci 0000:09:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 3.069786] sdhci-pci 0000:09:00.0: Will use DMA mode even though HW doesn't fully claim to support it. [ 3.069798] sdhci-pci 0000:09:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 3.069816] mmc0: no vmmc regulator found [ 3.069877] Registered led device: mmc0:: [ 3.070946] mmc0: SDHCI controller on PCI [0000:09:00.0] using DMA [ 3.071078] tg3.c:v3.121 (November 2, 2011) [ 3.071252] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 3.071269] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 3.071403] firewire_ohci 0000:09:00.3: PCI INT D -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 3.071417] firewire_ohci 0000:09:00.3: setting latency timer to 64 [ 3.078509] EXT4-fs (sda1): INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem [ 3.078517] EXT4-fs (sda1): write access will be enabled during recovery [ 3.110417] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: eth0: Tigon3 [partno(BCM95784M) rev 5784100] (PCI Express) MAC address b8:ac:6f:71:02:a6 [ 3.110425] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: eth0: attached PHY is 5784 (10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet) (WireSpeed[1], EEE[0]) [ 3.110431] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: eth0: RXcsums[1] LinkChgREG[0] MIirq[0] ASF[0] TSOcap[1] [ 3.110436] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: eth0: dma_rwctrl[76180000] dma_mask[64-bit] [ 3.125492] firewire_ohci: Added fw-ohci device 0000:09:00.3, OHCI v1.10, 4 IR + 4 IT contexts, quirks 0x11 [ 3.390124] EXT4-fs (sda1): orphan cleanup on readonly fs [ 3.390135] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078710 [ 3.390232] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 2363071 [ 3.390327] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078711 [ 3.390350] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078709 [ 3.390367] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078708 [ 3.390384] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078707 [ 3.390401] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078706 [ 3.390417] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078705 [ 3.390435] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078551 [ 3.390452] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078523 [ 3.390470] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7078520 [ 3.390487] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 7077901 [ 3.390551] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4063272 [ 3.390562] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4063266 [ 3.390572] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4063261 [ 3.390582] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4063256 [ 3.390592] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 4063255 [ 3.390602] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 2363072 [ 3.390620] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 2360050 [ 3.390698] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 5250064 [ 3.390710] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 2365394 [ 3.390728] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 2365390 [ 3.390745] EXT4-fs (sda1): 22 orphan inodes deleted [ 3.390748] EXT4-fs (sda1): recovery complete [ 3.397636] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 3.624910] firewire_core: created device fw0: GUID 464fc000110e2661, S400 [ 3.927467] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 3.929965] udevd[400]: starting version 175 [ 3.933581] Adding 6278140k swap on /dev/sda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:6278140k SS [ 3.945183] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 3.999389] wmi: Mapper loaded [ 4.016696] ite_cir: Auto-detected model: ITE8708 CIR transceiver [ 4.016702] ite_cir: Using model: ITE8708 CIR transceiver [ 4.016706] ite_cir: TX-capable: 1 [ 4.016710] ite_cir: Sample period (ns): 8680 [ 4.016713] ite_cir: TX carrier frequency (Hz): 38000 [ 4.016716] ite_cir: TX duty cycle (%): 33 [ 4.016719] ite_cir: RX low carrier frequency (Hz): 0 [ 4.016722] ite_cir: RX high carrier frequency (Hz): 0 [ 4.025684] fglrx: module license 'Proprietary. (C) 2002 - ATI Technologies, Starnberg, GERMANY' taints kernel. [ 4.025691] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint [ 4.027410] IR NEC protocol handler initialized [ 4.030250] lib80211: common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers [ 4.030257] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'NULL' [ 4.036024] IR RC5(x) protocol handler initialized [ 4.036092] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [ 4.036188] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: irq 46 for MSI/MSI-X [ 4.036307] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 4.036361] [Firmware Bug]: ACPI: No _BQC method, cannot determine initial brightness [ 4.039006] acpi device:03: registered as cooling_device10 [ 4.039164] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0A08:00/device:01/LNXVIDEO:00/input/input5 [ 4.039261] ACPI: Video Device [M86] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no) [ 4.049753] EXT4-fs (sda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro [ 4.050201] wl 0000:05:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 4.050215] wl 0000:05:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 4.052252] Registered IR keymap rc-rc6-mce [ 4.052432] input: ITE8708 CIR transceiver as /devices/virtual/rc/rc0/input6 [ 4.054614] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized [ 4.054787] rc0: ITE8708 CIR transceiver as /devices/virtual/rc/rc0 [ 4.054839] ite_cir: driver has been successfully loaded [ 4.057338] IR JVC protocol handler initialized [ 4.061553] IR Sony protocol handler initialized [ 4.066578] input: MCE IR Keyboard/Mouse (ite-cir) as /devices/virtual/input/input7 [ 4.066724] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized [ 4.072580] lirc_dev: IR Remote Control driver registered, major 250 [ 4.073280] rc rc0: lirc_dev: driver ir-lirc-codec (ite-cir) registered at minor = 0 [ 4.073286] IR LIRC bridge handler initialized [ 4.077849] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 4.079402] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M (0c45:640f) [ 4.085492] EDAC MC: Ver: 2.1.0 [ 4.087138] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'TKIP' [ 4.091027] input: HDA Intel Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input8 [ 4.091733] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 4.091826] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: irq 47 for MSI/MSI-X [ 4.091861] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 4.093115] EDAC i7core: Device not found: dev 00.0 PCI ID 8086:2c50 [ 4.112448] HDMI status: Codec=0 Pin=3 Presence_Detect=0 ELD_Valid=0 [ 4.112612] input: HD-Audio Generic HDMI/DP,pcm=3 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/0000:02:00.1/sound/card1/input9 [ 4.113311] type=1400 audit(1342032325.540:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=658 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.114501] type=1400 audit(1342032325.540:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=658 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.115253] type=1400 audit(1342032325.540:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=658 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.121870] input: Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.4/1-1.4:1.0/input/input10 [ 4.122096] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo [ 4.122100] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) [ 4.128729] [fglrx] Maximum main memory to use for locked dma buffers: 5840 MBytes. [ 4.129678] [fglrx] vendor: 1002 device: 68c0 count: 1 [ 4.131991] [fglrx] ioport: bar 4, base 0x2000, size: 0x100 [ 4.132015] pci 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 4.132024] pci 0000:02:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 4.133712] [fglrx] Kernel PAT support is enabled [ 4.133747] [fglrx] module loaded - fglrx 8.96.4 [Mar 12 2012] with 1 minors [ 4.162666] eth1: Broadcom BCM4727 802.11 Hybrid Wireless Controller 5.100.82.38 [ 4.184133] device-mapper: multipath: version 1.3.0 loaded [ 4.196660] dcdbas dcdbas: Dell Systems Management Base Driver (version 5.6.0-3.2) [ 4.279897] input: Dell WMI hotkeys as /devices/virtual/input/input11 [ 4.292402] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16 [ 4.292449] NET: Registered protocol family 31 [ 4.292454] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 4.292459] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 4.292463] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 4.292473] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 4.296333] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 4.296342] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 4.296345] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 4.313586] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver [ 4.316619] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 4.316625] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast [ 4.383980] type=1400 audit(1342032325.812:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=938 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.385173] type=1400 audit(1342032325.812:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=938 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.425757] init: failsafe main process (898) killed by TERM signal [ 4.477052] type=1400 audit(1342032325.904:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=1011 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.477592] type=1400 audit(1342032325.904:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=1010 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.478099] type=1400 audit(1342032325.904:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=1017 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.479233] type=1400 audit(1342032325.904:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=1014 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4.510060] vesafb: mode is 1152x864x32, linelength=4608, pages=0 [ 4.510065] vesafb: scrolling: redraw [ 4.510071] vesafb: Truecolor: size=0:8:8:8, shift=0:16:8:0 [ 4.510084] mtrr: no more MTRRs available [ 4.513081] vesafb: framebuffer at 0xd0000000, mapped to 0xf9400000, using 3904k, total 3904k [ 4.515203] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 144x54 [ 4.515278] fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device [ 4.590743] tg3 0000:0b:00.0: irq 48 for MSI/MSI-X [ 4.702009] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 4.704409] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 4.978379] psmouse serio1: synaptics: Touchpad model: 1, fw: 7.2, id: 0x1c0b1, caps: 0xd04733/0xa40000/0xa0000 [ 5.030104] input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input12 [ 5.045782] kvm: VM_EXIT_LOAD_IA32_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL does not work properly. Using workaround [ 5.519573] [fglrx] ATIF platform detected with notification ID: 0x81 [ 6.391466] fglrx_pci 0000:02:00.0: irq 49 for MSI/MSI-X [ 6.393137] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1305 [ 6.393306] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1306 [ 6.393472] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1307 [ 6.393726] [fglrx] IRQ 49 Enabled [ 6.528052] postgres (1308): /proc/1308/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/1308/oom_score_adj instead. [ 6.532080] [fglrx] Gart USWC size:1280 M. [ 6.532084] [fglrx] Gart cacheable size:508 M. [ 6.532091] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Shared offset:0, size:1000000 [ 6.532094] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:f8fd000, size:403000 [ 6.532098] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:3fff4000, size:c000 [ 17.423743] eth1: no IPv6 routers present [ 75.836426] warning: `proftpd' uses 32-bit capabilities (legacy support in use) [ 75.884215] init: plymouth-stop pre-start process (2922) terminated with status 1 [ 543.679614] eth1: no IPv6 routers present lsmod Module Size Used by kvm_intel 127560 0 kvm 359456 1 kvm_intel joydev 17393 0 vesafb 13516 1 parport_pc 32114 0 bnep 17830 2 ppdev 12849 0 rfcomm 38139 0 bluetooth 158438 10 bnep,rfcomm dell_wmi 12601 0 sparse_keymap 13658 1 dell_wmi binfmt_misc 17292 1 dell_laptop 17767 0 dcdbas 14098 1 dell_laptop dm_multipath 22710 0 fglrx 2909855 143 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 31775 1 psmouse 72919 0 serio_raw 13027 0 i7core_edac 23382 0 lib80211_crypt_tkip 17275 0 edac_core 46858 1 i7core_edac uvcvideo 67203 0 snd_hda_codec_idt 60251 1 videodev 86588 1 uvcvideo ir_lirc_codec 12739 0 lirc_dev 18700 1 ir_lirc_codec ir_mce_kbd_decoder 12681 0 snd_seq_midi 13132 0 ir_sony_decoder 12462 0 ir_jvc_decoder 12459 0 snd_rawmidi 25424 1 snd_seq_midi ir_rc6_decoder 12459 0 wl 2646601 0 snd_seq_midi_event 14475 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 51567 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event ir_rc5_decoder 12459 0 video 19068 0 snd_hda_intel 32765 5 snd_seq_device 14172 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd_hda_codec 109562 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel rc_rc6_mce 12454 0 lib80211 14040 2 lib80211_crypt_tkip,wl snd_hwdep 13276 1 snd_hda_codec ir_nec_decoder 12459 0 snd_pcm 80845 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec ite_cir 24743 0 rc_core 21263 10 ir_lirc_codec,ir_mce_kbd_decoder,ir_sony_decoder,ir_jvc_decoder,ir_rc6_decoder,ir_rc5_decoder,rc_rc6_mce,ir_nec_decoder,ite_cir snd_timer 28931 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm wmi 18744 1 dell_wmi snd 62064 20 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_timer mac_hid 13077 0 soundcore 14635 1 snd snd_page_alloc 14108 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm coretemp 13269 0 lp 17455 0 parport 40930 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp tg3 141369 0 firewire_ohci 40172 0 sdhci_pci 18324 0 firewire_core 56906 1 firewire_ohci sdhci 28241 1 sdhci_pci crc_itu_t 12627 1 firewire_core lshw *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 70:f1:a1:a9:54:31 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 ip=192.168.0.117 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11 resources: irq:17 memory:f0900000-f0903fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetLink BCM5784M Gigabit Ethernet PCIe vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:0b:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: b8:ac:6f:71:02:a6 capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.121 firmware=sb v2.19 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:48 memory:f0d00000-f0d0ffff

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• How do i mount my SD Card? I am using ubuntu 10.04

  - by shobhit

  root@shobhit:/media# lsusb Bus 002 Device 017: ID 14cd:125c Super Top Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0c45:6421 Microdia Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 011: ID 413c:8160 Dell Computer Corp. Bus 001 Device 006: ID 413c:8162 Dell Computer Corp. Bus 001 Device 005: ID 413c:8161 Dell Computer Corp. Bus 001 Device 004: ID 138a:0008 DigitalPersona, Inc Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0a5c:4500 Broadcom Corp. BCM2046B1 USB 2.0 Hub (part of BCM2046 Bluetooth) Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub root@shobhit:/home/shobhit/scripts/internalUtilities# sudo lspci -v -nn 00:1a.0 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller [8086:3b3c] (rev 06) (prog-if 20) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at fbc08000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0 Capabilities: [98] PCIe advanced features <?> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1d.0 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller [8086:3b34] (rev 06) (prog-if 20) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at fbc07000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0 Capabilities: [98] PCIe advanced features <?> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1e.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge [8086:2448] (rev a6) (prog-if 01) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=20, subordinate=20, sec-latency=32 Capabilities: [50] Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] 00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller [8086:3b0b] (rev 06) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information <?> Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 6 port SATA AHCI Controller [8086:3b2f] (rev 06) (prog-if 01) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 29 I/O ports at f070 [size=8] I/O ports at f060 [size=4] I/O ports at f050 [size=8] I/O ports at f040 [size=4] I/O ports at f020 [size=32] Memory at fbc06000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: [80] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit- Queue=0/0 Enable+ Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA <?> Capabilities: [b0] PCIe advanced features <?> Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller [8086:3b30] (rev 06) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 3 Memory at fbc05000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] I/O ports at f000 [size=32] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller [1180]: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem [8086:3b32] (rev 06) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 3 Memory at fbc04000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [80] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit- Queue=0/0 Enable- 12:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation Device [14e4:4727] (rev 01) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0010] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at fbb00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] Vendor Specific Information <?> Capabilities: [48] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [d0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting <?> Capabilities: [13c] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number cb-c0-8b-ff-ff-38-00-00 Capabilities: [16c] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: wl Kernel modules: wl 13:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8168] (rev 03) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:0441] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 28 I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Memory at d0b04000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at d0b00000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=16K] Expansion ROM at fba00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable+ Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 01 Capabilities: [ac] MSI-X: Enable- Mask- TabSize=4 Capabilities: [cc] Vital Product Data <?> Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting <?> Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-e0-4c-68-00-00-00-03 Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 root@shobhit:/home/shobhit/scripts/internalUtilities# sudo lshw shobhit description: Portable Computer product: Vostro 3500 vendor: Dell Inc. version: A10 serial: FV1L3N1 width: 32 bits capabilities: smbios-2.6 dmi-2.6 smp-1.4 smp configuration: boot=normal chassis=portable cpus=2 uuid=44454C4C-5600-1031-804C-C6C04F334E31 *-core description: Motherboard product: 0G2R51 vendor: Dell Inc. physical id: 0 version: A10 serial: .FV1L3N1.CN7016612H00PW. slot: To Be Filled By O.E.M. *-cpu:0 description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 480 @ 2.67GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: 6.5.5 serial: 0002-0655-0000-0000-0000-0000 slot: CPU 1 size: 1197MHz capacity: 2926MHz width: 64 bits clock: 533MHz capabilities: boot fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm ida arat tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq configuration: id=4 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 64KiB capacity: 64KiB capabilities: internal write-back unified *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: L2-Cache size: 512KiB capacity: 512KiB capabilities: internal varies unified *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: 7 slot: L3-Cache size: 3MiB capacity: 3MiB capabilities: internal varies unified *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.1 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.2 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.3 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.4 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:4 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.5 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:5 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.6 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:6 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.7 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:7 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.8 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:8 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.9 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:9 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.a width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:10 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.b width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:11 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.c width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:12 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.d width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:13 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.e width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:14 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.f width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:15 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.10 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 1d slot: System board or motherboard size: 3GiB *-bank:0 description: DIMM Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: HMT112S6TFR8C-H9 vendor: AD80 physical id: 0 serial: 5525C935 slot: DIMM_A size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: HMT125S6TFR8C-H9 vendor: AD80 physical id: 1 serial: 3441D6CA slot: DIMM_B size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Dell Inc. physical id: 0 version: A10 (10/25/2010) size: 64KiB capacity: 1984KiB capabilities: mca pci upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb zipboot biosbootspecification *-cpu:1 physical id: 1 bus info: cpu@1 version: 6.5.5 serial: 0002-0655-0000-0000-0000-0000 size: 1197MHz capacity: 1197MHz capabilities: vmx ht cpufreq configuration: id=4 *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.1 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.2 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.3 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.4 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:4 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.5 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:5 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.6 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:6 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.7 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:7 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.8 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:8 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.9 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:9 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.a capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:10 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.b capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:11 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.c capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:12 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.d capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:13 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.e capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:14 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.f capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:15 description: Logical CPU physical id: 4.10 capabilities: logical *-pci description: Host bridge product: Core Processor DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 18 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=agpgart-intel resources: irq:0 *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 18 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:30 memory:fac00000-faffffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff(prefetchable) ioport:f080(size=8) *-communication UNCLAIMED description: Communication controller product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fbc09000-fbc0900f *-usb:0 description: USB Controller product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:fbc08000-fbc083ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0 resources: irq:22 memory:fbc00000-fbc03fff *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:24 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:bc000000-bc1fffff memory:bc200000-bc3fffff(prefetchable) *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:25 ioport:3000(size=4096) memory:fbb00000-fbbfffff memory:bc400000-bc5fffff(prefetchable) *-network description: Wireless interface product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:12:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: c0:cb:38:8b:aa:d8 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.60.48.36 ip=10.0.1.50 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11 resources: irq:17 memory:fbb00000-fbb03fff *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 3 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.2 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:26 ioport:e000(size=4096) memory:fba00000-fbafffff ioport:d0b00000(size=1048576) *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:13:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 03 serial: 78:2b:cb:cc:0e:2a size: 10MB/s capacity: 1GB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10MB/s resources: irq:28 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:d0b04000-d0b04fff(prefetchable) memory:d0b00000-d0b03fff(prefetchable) memory:fba00000-fba1ffff(prefetchable) *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 5 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.4 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:27 ioport:d000(size=4096) memory:fb000000-fb9fffff ioport:d0000000(size=10485760) *-usb:1 description: USB Controller product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:fbc07000-fbc073ff *-pci:4 description: PCI bridge product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1e bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0 version: a6 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci bus_master cap_list *-isa description: ISA bridge product: Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-storage description: SATA controller product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 6 port SATA AHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi0 logical name: scsi1 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:29 ioport:f070(size=8) ioport:f060(size=4) ioport:f050(size=8) ioport:f040(size=4) ioport:f020(size=32) memory:fbc06000-fbc067ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: WDC WD3200BEKT-7 vendor: Western Digital physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 01.0 serial: WD-WX21AC0W1945 size: 298GiB (320GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=77e3ed41 *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: aa69-51c0 size: 98MiB capacity: 100MiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2012-04-03 02:00:15 filesystem=ntfs label=System Reserved state=clean *-volume:1 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 3.1 serial: 9854ff5c-1dea-a147-84a6-624e758f44b8 size: 48GiB capacity: 48GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2012-04-10 13:55:31 filesystem=ntfs modified_by_chkdsk=true mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=dirty upgrade_on_mount=true *-volume:2 description: Extended partition physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 size: 48GiB capacity: 48GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 1952MiB capabilities: nofs *-logicalvolume:1 description: Linux filesystem partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 logical name: / capacity: 46GiB configuration: mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,barrier=1,data=ordered state=mounted *-volume:3 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 logical name: /media/56AA8094AA807273 version: 3.1 serial: 22a29e8d-56c7-9a4a-adea-528103948f6d size: 200GiB capacity: 200GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2012-04-02 20:17:15 filesystem=ntfs modified_by_chkdsk=true mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096 mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=mounted upgrade_on_mount=true *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD+-RW TS-L633J vendor: TSSTcorp physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/scd0 logical name: /dev/sr0 version: D200 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fbc05000-fbc050ff ioport:f000(size=32) *-generic UNCLAIMED description: Signal processing controller product: 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.6 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.6 version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fbc04000-fbc04fff *-scsi physical id: 2 bus info: usb@2:1.1 logical name: scsi15 capabilities: emulated scsi-host configuration: driver=usb-storage *-disk description: SCSI Disk physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@15:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sdb I have tried all options like fdisk /dev/sdb , pmount /dev/sdb but nothing is working .Pls guide me

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