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  • DB Object passing between classes singleton, static or other?

    - by Stephen
    So I'm designing a reporting system at work it's my first project written OOP and I'm stuck on the design choice for the DB class. Obviously I only want to create one instance of the DB class per-session/user and then pass it to each of the classes that need it. What I don't know it what's best practice for implementing this. Currently I have code like the following:- class db { private $user = 'USER'; private $pass = 'PASS'; private $tables = array( 'user','report', 'etc...'); function __construct(){ //SET UP CONNECTION AND TABLES } }; class report{ function __construct ($params = array(), $db, $user) { //Error checking/handling trimed //$db is the database object we created $this->db = $db; //$this->user is the user object for the logged in user $this->user = $user; $this->reportCreate(); } public function setPermission($permissionId = 1) { //Note the $this->db is this the best practise solution? $this->db->permission->find($permissionId) //Note the $this->user is this the best practise solution? $this->user->checkPermission(1) $data=array(); $this->db->reportpermission->insert($data) } };//end report I've been reading about using static classes and have just come across Singletons (though these appear to be passé already?) so what's current best practice for doing this?

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  • Co-worker renamed all of my queries

    - by anon
    I don't know if I should be very irritated or what. I single handedly built over 300 queries for a large database, and developed a naming convention so I could find them later. No one else in my office even knows how to build a query, but I came in yesterday to find that all of them had been renamed. I am now having a very hard time finding things, and I am trying to figure out what to do. I spoke with the person responsible, and she just downplayed the whole thing. She said she renamed them so she can find them more easily. Unfortunately, I am the only one who knows how to build, edit, and maintain them, and the only reason she needed to find them was to test the queries. The new naming convention doesn't make sense at all, and I feel like we have taken a backwards step in the development process. What I'm trying to figure out is: 1) Am I overreacting? 2) What is the best way to handle this? I hate to mention this to my boss, but after speaking with my co-worker yesterday, I can already tell she feels like she did nothing wrong.

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  • Scala - learning by doing

    - by wrecked
    coming from the PHP-framework symfony (with Apache/MySQL) I would like to dive into the Scala programming language. I already followed a few tutorials and had a look at Lift and Play. Java isn't a stranger to me either. However the past showed that it's easiest to learn things by just doing them. Currently we have a little - mostly ajax-driven - application build on symfony at my company. My idea is to just build a little project similar to this one which might gets into production in the future. The app should feature: High scalability and performance a backend-server web-interface and a GUI-client There are plenty of questions arising when I think of this. First of all: Whats the best way to accomplish a easy to maintain, structured base for it? Would it be best to establish a socket based communication between pure-scala server/client and accessing that data via Lift or is building a Lift-app serving as a server and connecting the gui-client (via REST?) the better way? Furthermore I wounder which database to choose. I'm familiar with (My)SQL but feel like a fool beeing confronted with all these things like NoSQL, MongoDB and more. Thanks in advance!

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  • OTN???DB???????????????·Oracle ACE????????????????!

    - by OTN-J Master
    ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????”??????”??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(1)?????????????????(????????)?(2)?????????????????????(???????)????????????2??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????Oracle DBA & Developer Day??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????OTN?????????????????? 2012???????????????????????????????? ?????????????? (??????) ?23????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? >> ??????????????????! DBA??? (??????) ?12? ???????????????????????(1)????2?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1???????1?????????????????????????????????????????1?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????I/O???????????????????????????????????????????????>> ????? ????????Oracle Database?SQL?? (Oracle ACE ?? ???) (??????) ~Oracle SQL???????????????? ~ SQL??????????????????????Oracle SQL??????????????????????????????SQL???????????????? SQL?????????????????????????SQL????????????????????? ?8? Pivot?UnPivot?1? Pivot?UnPivot?? (Pivot?UnPivot??/select???Pivot?UnPivot?????)?2? Pivot???? (Pivot????/Pivot????/Pivot??Pivot???????/Pivot??????)?3? UnPivot???? (UnPivot????/UnPivot????/UnPivot??UnPivot???????/UnPivot??????) >> ?????

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  • Records not being saved to core data sqlite file

    - by esd100
    I'm a complete newbie when it comes to iOS programming and much less Core Data. It's rather non-intuitive for me, as I really came into my own with programming with MATLAB, which I guess is more of a 'scripting' language. At any rate, my problem is that I had no idea what I had to do to create a database for my application. So I read a little bit and thought I had to create a SQL database of my stuff and then import it. Long story short, I created a SQLite db and I want to use the work I have already done to import stuff into my CoreData database. I tried exporting to comma-delimited files and xml files and reading those in, but I didn't like it and it seemed like an extra step that I shouldn't need to do. So, I imported the SQLite database into my resources and added the sqlite framework. I have my core data model setup and it is setting up the SQLite database for the model correctly in the background. When I run through my program to add objects to my entities, it seems to work and I can even fetch results afterward. However, when I inspect the Core Data Database SQLite file, no records have been saved. How is it possible for it to fetch results but not save them to the database? - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{ //load in the path for resources NSString *paths = [[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath]; NSString *databaseName = @"histology.sqlite"; NSString *databasePath = [paths stringByAppendingPathComponent:databaseName]; [self createDatabase:databasePath ]; NSError *error; if ([[self managedObjectContext] save:&error]) { NSLog(@"Whoops, couldn't save: %@", [error localizedDescription]); } // Test listing all CELLS from the store NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; NSEntityDescription *entityMO = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"CELL" inManagedObjectContext:[self managedObjectContext]]; [fetchRequest setEntity:entityMO]; NSArray *fetchedObjects = [[self managedObjectContext] executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:&error]; for (CELL *cellName in fetchedObjects) { //NSLog(@"cellName: %@", cellName); } -(void) createDatabase:databasePath { NSLog(@"The createDatabase function was entered."); NSLog(@"The databasePath is %@ ",[databasePath description]); // Setup the database object sqlite3 *histoDatabase; // Open the database from filessytem if(sqlite3_open([databasePath UTF8String], &histoDatabase) == SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"The database was opened"); // Setup the SQL Statement and compile it for faster access const char *sqlStatement = "SELECT * FROM CELL"; sqlite3_stmt *compiledStatement; if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(histoDatabase, sqlStatement, -1, &compiledStatement, NULL) != SQLITE_OK) { NSAssert1(0, @"Error while creating add statement. '%s'", sqlite3_errmsg(histoDatabase)); } if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(histoDatabase, sqlStatement, -1, &compiledStatement, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) { // Loop through the results and add them to cell MO array while(sqlite3_step(compiledStatement) == SQLITE_ROW) { CELL *cellMO = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"CELL" inManagedObjectContext:[self managedObjectContext]]; if (sqlite3_column_type(compiledStatement, 0) != SQLITE_NULL) { cellMO.cellName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(compiledStatement, 0)]; } else { cellMO.cellName = @"undefined"; } if (sqlite3_column_type(compiledStatement, 1) != SQLITE_NULL) { cellMO.cellDescription = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(compiledStatement, 1)]; } else { cellMO.cellDescription = @"undefined"; } NSLog(@"The contents of NSString *cellName = %@",[cellMO.cellName description]); } } // Release the compiled statement from memory sqlite3_finalize(compiledStatement); } sqlite3_close(histoDatabase); } I have a feeling that it has something to do with the timing of opening/closing both of the databases? Attached I have some SQL debugging output to the terminal 2012-05-28 16:03:39.556 MedPix[34751:fb03] The createDatabase function was entered. 2012-05-28 16:03:39.557 MedPix[34751:fb03] The databasePath is /Users/jack/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/A6B2A79D-BA93-4E24-9291-5B7948A3CDF4/MedPix.app/histology.sqlite 2012-05-28 16:03:39.559 MedPix[34751:fb03] The database was opened 2012-05-28 16:03:39.560 MedPix[34751:fb03] The database was prepared 2012-05-28 16:03:39.575 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: annotation: Connecting to sqlite database file at "/Users/jack/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/5.1/Applications/A6B2A79D-BA93-4E24-9291-5B7948A3CDF4/Documents/MedPix.sqlite" 2012-05-28 16:03:39.576 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: annotation: creating schema. 2012-05-28 16:03:39.577 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: pragma page_size=4096 2012-05-28 16:03:39.578 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: pragma auto_vacuum=2 2012-05-28 16:03:39.630 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: BEGIN EXCLUSIVE 2012-05-28 16:03:39.631 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: SELECT TBL_NAME FROM SQLITE_MASTER WHERE TBL_NAME = 'Z_METADATA' 2012-05-28 16:03:39.632 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: CREATE TABLE ZCELL ( Z_PK INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, Z_ENT INTEGER, Z_OPT INTEGER, ZCELLDESCRIPTION VARCHAR, ZCELLNAME VARCHAR ) ... 2012-05-28 16:03:39.669 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: annotation: Creating primary key table. 2012-05-28 16:03:39.671 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: CREATE TABLE Z_PRIMARYKEY (Z_ENT INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, Z_NAME VARCHAR, Z_SUPER INTEGER, Z_MAX INTEGER) 2012-05-28 16:03:39.672 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: INSERT INTO Z_PRIMARYKEY(Z_ENT, Z_NAME, Z_SUPER, Z_MAX) VALUES(1, 'CELL', 0, 0) ... 2012-05-28 16:03:39.701 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: CREATE TABLE Z_METADATA (Z_VERSION INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, Z_UUID VARCHAR(255), Z_PLIST BLOB) 2012-05-28 16:03:39.702 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: SELECT TBL_NAME FROM SQLITE_MASTER WHERE TBL_NAME = 'Z_METADATA' 2012-05-28 16:03:39.703 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: DELETE FROM Z_METADATA WHERE Z_VERSION = ? 2012-05-28 16:03:39.704 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: INSERT INTO Z_METADATA (Z_VERSION, Z_UUID, Z_PLIST) VALUES (?, ?, ?) 2012-05-28 16:03:39.705 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: COMMIT 2012-05-28 16:03:39.710 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: pragma cache_size=200 2012-05-28 16:03:39.711 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: SELECT Z_VERSION, Z_UUID, Z_PLIST FROM Z_METADATA 2012-05-28 16:03:39.712 MedPix[34751:fb03] The contents of NSString *cellName = Beta Cell 2012-05-28 16:03:39.712 MedPix[34751:fb03] The contents of NSString *cellName = Gastric Chief Cell ... 2012-05-28 16:03:39.714 MedPix[34751:fb03] The database was prepared 2012-05-28 16:03:39.764 MedPix[34751:fb03] The createDatabase function has finished. Now fetching. 2012-05-28 16:03:39.765 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: sql: SELECT 0, t0.Z_PK, t0.Z_OPT, t0.ZCELLDESCRIPTION, t0.ZCELLNAME FROM ZCELL t0 2012-05-28 16:03:39.766 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: annotation: sql connection fetch time: 0.0008s 2012-05-28 16:03:39.767 MedPix[34751:fb03] CoreData: annotation: total fetch execution time: 0.0016s for 0 rows. 2012-05-28 16:03:39.768 MedPix[34751:fb03] cellName: <CELL: 0x6bbc120> (entity: CELL; id: 0x6bbc160 <x-coredata:///CELL/t57D10DDD-74E2-474F-97EE-E3BD0FF684DA34> ; data: { cellDescription = "S cells are cells which release secretin, found in the jejunum and duodenum. They are stimulated by a drop in pH to 4 or below in the small intestine's lumen. The released secretin will increase the s"; cellName = "S Cell"; organs = ( ); specimens = ( ); systems = ( ); tissues = ( ); }) ... Sections were cut short to abbreviate. But note that the fetch results contain information, but it says that total fetch execution was for "0" rows? How can that be? Any help will be greatly appreciated, especially detailed explanations. :) Thanks.

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  • How to get iPhone, not iPad view in Interface Builder

    - by dbonneville
    At first, I was not able to build a new blank project to iPhone using the new XCode 3.2 beta. I edited the project settings and was able to build the blank app to iPhone simulator. However, when I open the nib for the project in IB and click the view, it opens an iPad size view. How do I get the right sized view to work on in IB?

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  • Why call conversation does not recording without speakerphone?

    - by Pruthveshkumar Gajera
    Hi, I whould like to ask that why call conversation deos not recorindg without speakrphone? is this isuue will solve in feature because of the reason to change phone. Why there is no any option for changeing the font Sizw in Android OS...In the contact list only first name can disply due to big size font. After the disconnet of any call Android device take so much time to next call...Why? Plese with the answer of the questions it shoul be solve also in ANdroid.

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  • java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget

    - by Angel
    Hi, I am trying to change the layout of my application from portrait to landscape and vice-versa. But if i do it frequently or more than once then at times my application crashes.. Below is the error log. Please suggest what can be done? < 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/dalvikvm-heap(17473): 1550532-byte external allocation too large for this process. 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/dalvikvm(17473): Out of memory: Heap Size=6471KB, Allocated=4075KB, Bitmap Size=9564KB 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/(17473): VM won't let us allocate 1550532 bytes 01-06 09:52:27.798: DEBUG/skia(17473): --- decoder-decode returned false 01-06 09:52:27.798: DEBUG/AndroidRuntime(17473): Shutting down VM 01-06 09:52:27.798: WARN/dalvikvm(17473): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001e390) 01-06 09:52:27.807: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2596) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2621) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3812) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2300(ActivityThread.java:126) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1936) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4595) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:513) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:563) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:385) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1629) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at onCreate(Game.java:98) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2544) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): ... 12 more 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.widget.LinearLayout.(LinearLayout.java:92) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:446) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:500) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): ... 22 more 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:464) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:340) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:697) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1705) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:548) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.View.(View.java:1850) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.View.(View.java:1799) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:296) 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): ... 26 more

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  • Why aren't arrays expandable?

    - by Mustafa
    When we create an array, we cannot change its size; it's fixed. OK, seems nice, we can create a new bigger array and copy the values one by one and that's little slow. What's the technical background of it?

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  • Windows XP GUI programming language

    - by bobir
    I need to write a Windows XP/Vista application, main requirements: Just one .exe file, without extra runtime, like Air, .Net; posstibly a couple of dlls. Very small file size. The application is for network centric usage, similar to ICQ or Gtalk clients. Thanks in advance.

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  • .NET GDI+ image size - file codec limitations

    - by roygbiv
    Is there a limit on the size of image that can be encoded using the image file codecs available from .NET? I'm trying to encode images 4GB in size, but it simply does not work (or does not work properly i.e. writes out an unreadable file) with .bmp, .jpg, .png or the .tif encoders. When I lower the image size to < 2GB it does work with the .jpg but not the .bmp, .tif or .png. My next attempt would be to try libtiff because I know tiff files are meant for large images. What is a good file format for large images? or am I just hitting the file format limitations? Random r = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks); int width = 64000; int height = 64000; int stride = (width % 4) > 0 ? width + (width % 4) : width; UIntPtr dataSize = new UIntPtr((ulong)stride * (ulong)height); IntPtr p = Program.VirtualAlloc(IntPtr.Zero, dataSize, Program.AllocationType.COMMIT | Program.AllocationType.RESERVE, Program.MemoryProtection.READWRITE); Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(width, height, stride, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed, p); BitmapData bd = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, bmp.PixelFormat); ColorPalette cp = bmp.Palette; for (int i = 0; i < cp.Entries.Length; i++) { cp.Entries[i] = Color.FromArgb(i, i, i); } bmp.Palette = cp; unsafe { for (int y = 0; y < bd.Height; y++) { byte* row = (byte*)bd.Scan0.ToPointer() + (y * bd.Stride); for (int x = 0; x < bd.Width; x++) { *(row + x) = (byte)r.Next(256); } } } bmp.UnlockBits(bd); bmp.Save(@"c:\test.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg); bmp.Dispose(); Program.VirtualFree(p, UIntPtr.Zero, 0x8000); I have also tried using a pinned GC memory region, but this is limited to < 2GB. Random r = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks); int bytesPerPixel = 4; int width = 4000; int height = 4000; int padding = 4 - ((width * bytesPerPixel) % 4); padding = (padding == 4 ? 0 : padding); int stride = (width * bytesPerPixel) + padding; UInt32[] pixels = new UInt32[width * height]; GCHandle gchPixels = GCHandle.Alloc(pixels, GCHandleType.Pinned); using (Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(width, height, stride, PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb, gchPixels.AddrOfPinnedObject())) { for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { int row = (y * width); for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { pixels[row + x] = (uint)r.Next(); } } bmp.Save(@"c:\test.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg); } gchPixels.Free();

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  • Flexible array members in C - bad?

    - by Lionel
    I recently read that using flexible array members in C was poor software engineering practice. However, that statement was not backed by any argument. Is this an accepted fact? (Flexible array members are a C feature introduced in C99 whereby one can declare the last element to be an array of unspecified size. For example: ) struct header { size_t len; unsigned char data[]; };

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  • SQL SERVER – Remove Debug Button in SSMS – SQL in Sixty Seconds #020 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    SQL in Sixty Seconds is indeed tremendous fun to do. Every week, we try to come up with some new learning which we can share in Sixty Seconds. In this busy world, we all have sixty seconds to learn something new – no matter how much busy we are. In this episode of the series, we talk about another interesting feature of SQL Server Management Studio. In SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) we have two button side by side. 1) Execute (!) and 2) Debug (>). It is quite confusing to a few developers. The debug button which looks like a play button encourages developers to click on the same thinking it will execute the code. Also developer with a Visual Studio background often click it because of their habit. However, Debug button is not the same as Execute button. In most of the cases developers want to click on Execute to run the query but by mistake they click on Debug and it wastes their valuable time. It is very easy to fix this. If developers are not frequently using a debug feature in SQL Server they should hide it from the toolbar itself. This will reduce the chances to incorrectly click on the debug button greatly as well save lots of time for developer as invoking debug processes and turning it off takes a few extra moments. In this Sixty second video we will discuss how one can hide the debug button and avoid confusion regarding execution button. I personally use function key F5 to execute the T-SQL code so I do not face this problem that often. More on Removing Debug Button in SSMS: SQL SERVER – Read Only Files and SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) SQL SERVER – Standard Reports from SQL Server Management Studio – SQL in Sixty Seconds #016 – Video SQL SERVER – Discard Results After Query Execution – SSMS SQL SERVER – Tricks to Comment T-SQL in SSMS – SQL in Sixty Seconds #019 – Video SQL SERVER – Right Aligning Numerics in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) I encourage you to submit your ideas for SQL in Sixty Seconds. We will try to accommodate as many as we can. If we like your idea we promise to share with you educational material. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video

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  • Limiting DOPs &ndash; Who rules over whom?

    - by jean-pierre.dijcks
    I've gotten a couple of questions from Dan Morgan and figured I start to answer them in this way. While Dan is running on a big system he is running with Database Resource Manager and he is trying to make sure the system doesn't go crazy (remember end user are never, ever crazy!) on very high DOPs. Q: How do I control statements with very high DOPs driven from user hints in queries? A: The best way to do this is to work with DBRM and impose limits on consumer groups. The Max DOP setting you can set in DBRM allows you to overwrite the hint. Now let's go into some more detail here. Assume my object (and for simplicity we assume there is a single object - and do remember that we always pick the highest DOP when in doubt and when conflicting DOPs are available in a query) has PARALLEL 64 as its setting. Assume that the query that selects something cool from that table lives in a consumer group with a max DOP of 32. Assume no goofy things (like running out of parallel_max_servers) are happening. A query selecting from this table will run at DOP 32 because DBRM caps the DOP. As of 11.2.0.1 we also use the DBRM cap to create the original plan (at compile time) and not just enforce the cap at runtime. Now, my user is smart and writes a query with a parallel hint requesting DOP 128. This query is still capped by DBRM and DBRM overrules the hint in the statement. The statement, despite the hint, runs at DOP 32. Note that in the hinted scenario we do compile the statement with DOP 128 (the optimizer obeys the hint). This is another reason to use table decoration rather than hints. Q: What happens if I set parallel_max_servers higher than processes (e.g. the max number of processes allowed to run on my machine)? A: Processes rules. It is important to understand that processes are fixed at startup time. If you increase parallel_max_servers above the number of processes in the processes parameter you should get a warning in the alert log stating it can not take effect. As a follow up, a hinted query requesting more parallel processes than either parallel_max_servers or processes will not be able to acquire the requested number. Parallel_max_processes will prevent this. And since parallel_max_servers should be lower than max processes you can never go over either...

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  • SQL SERVER – Validating Spatial Object as NULL using IsNULL

    - by pinaldave
    Follow up questions are the most fun part of writing a blog post. Earlier I wrote about SQL SERVER – Validating Spatial Object with IsValidDetailed Function and today I received a follow up question on the same subject. The question was mainly about how NULL is handled by spatial functions. Well, NULL is NULL. It is very easy to work with NULL. There are two different ways to validate if the passed in the value is NULL or not. 1) Using IsNULL Function IsNULL function validates if the object is null or not, if object is not null it will return you value 0 and if object is NULL it will return you the value NULL. DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = 'Polygon((2 2, 3 3, 4 4, 5 5, 6 6, 2 2))' SELECT @p.ISNULL ObjIsNull GO DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = NULL SELECT @p.ISNULL ObjIsNull GO 2) Using IsValidDetailed Function IsValidateDetails function validates if the object is valid or not. If the object is valid it will return 24400: Valid but if the object is not valid it will give message with the error number. In case object is NULL it will return the value as NULL. DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = 'Polygon((2 2, 3 3, 4 4, 5 5, 6 6, 2 2))' SELECT @p.IsValidDetailed() IsValid GO DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = NULL SELECT @p.IsValidDetailed() IsValid GO When to use what? Now you can see that there are two different ways to validate the NULL values. I personally have no preference about using one over another. However, there is one clear difference between them. In case of the IsValidDetailed Function the return value is nvarchar(max) and it is not always possible to compare the value with nvarchar(max). Whereas the ISNULL function returns the bit value of 0 when the object is null and it is easy to determine if the object is null or not in the case of ISNULL function. Additionally, ISNULL function does not check if the object is valid or not and will return the value 0 if the object is not NULL. Now you know even though either of the function can be used in place of each other both have very specific use case. Use the one which fits your business case. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Spatial Database, SQL Spatial

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  • SQL SERVER – Display Datetime in Specific Format – SQL in Sixty Seconds #033 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    A very common requirement of developers is to format datetime to their specific need. Every geographic location has different need of the date formats. Some countries follow the standard of mm/dd/yy and some countries as dd/mm/yy. The need of developer changes as geographic location changes. In SQL Server there are various functions to aid this requirement. There is function CAST, which developers have been using for a long time as well function CONVERT which is a more enhanced version of CAST. In the latest version of SQL Server 2012 a new function FORMAT is introduced as well. In this SQL in Sixty Seconds video we cover two different methods to display the datetime in specific format. 1) CONVERT function and 2) FORMAT function. Let me know what you think of this video. Here is the script which is used in the video: -- http://blog.SQLAuthority.com -- SQL Server 2000/2005/2008/2012 onwards -- Datetime SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE()) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),10) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),110) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),5) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),105) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),113) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),114) AS DateConvert; GO -- SQL Server 2012 onwards -- Various format of Datetime SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),113) AS DateConvert; SELECT FORMAT ( GETDATE(), 'dd mon yyyy HH:m:ss:mmm', 'en-US' ) AS DateConvert; SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),GETDATE(),114) AS DateConvert; SELECT FORMAT ( GETDATE(), 'HH:m:ss:mmm', 'en-US' ) AS DateConvert; GO -- Specific usage of Format function SELECT FORMAT(GETDATE(), N'"Current Time is "dddd MMMM dd, yyyy', 'en-US') AS CurrentTimeString; This video discusses CONVERT and FORMAT in simple manner but the subject is much deeper and there are lots of information to cover along with it. I strongly suggest that you go over related blog posts in next section as there are wealth of knowledge discussed there. Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: Get Date and Time From Current DateTime – SQL in Sixty Seconds #025 Retrieve – Select Only Date Part From DateTime – Best Practice Get Time in Hour:Minute Format from a Datetime – Get Date Part Only from Datetime DATE and TIME in SQL Server 2008 Function to Round Up Time to Nearest Minutes Interval Get Date Time in Any Format – UDF – User Defined Functions Retrieve – Select Only Date Part From DateTime – Best Practice – Part 2 Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 Saturday Fun Puzzle with SQL Server DATETIME2 and CAST What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)   Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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  • SQL SERVER – Select and Delete Duplicate Records – SQL in Sixty Seconds #036 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    Developers often face situations when they find their column have duplicate records and they want to delete it. A good developer will never delete any data without observing it and making sure that what is being deleted is the absolutely fine to delete. Before deleting duplicate data, one should select it and see if the data is really duplicate. In this video we are demonstrating two scripts – 1) selects duplicate records 2) deletes duplicate records. We are assuming that the table has a unique incremental id. Additionally, we are assuming that in the case of the duplicate records we would like to keep the latest record. If there is really a business need to keep unique records, one should consider to create a unique index on the column. Unique index will prevent users entering duplicate data into the table from the beginning. This should be the best solution. However, deleting duplicate data is also a very valid request. If user realizes that they need to keep only unique records in the column and if they are willing to create unique constraint, the very first requirement of creating a unique constraint is to delete the duplicate records. Let us see how to connect the values in Sixty Seconds: Here is the script which is used in the video. USE tempdb GO CREATE TABLE TestTable (ID INT, NameCol VARCHAR(100)) GO INSERT INTO TestTable (ID, NameCol) SELECT 1, 'First' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'Second' UNION ALL SELECT 3, 'Second' UNION ALL SELECT 4, 'Second' UNION ALL SELECT 5, 'Second' UNION ALL SELECT 6, 'Third' GO -- Selecting Data SELECT * FROM TestTable GO -- Detecting Duplicate SELECT NameCol, COUNT(*) TotalCount FROM TestTable GROUP BY NameCol HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC GO -- Deleting Duplicate DELETE FROM TestTable WHERE ID NOT IN ( SELECT MAX(ID) FROM TestTable GROUP BY NameCol) GO -- Selecting Data SELECT * FROM TestTable GO DROP TABLE TestTable GO Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: SQL SERVER – Delete Duplicate Records – Rows SQL SERVER – Count Duplicate Records – Rows SQL SERVER – 2005 – 2008 – Delete Duplicate Rows Delete Duplicate Records – Rows – Readers Contribution Unique Nonclustered Index Creation with IGNORE_DUP_KEY = ON – A Transactional Behavior What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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  • SQL SERVER – Tricks to Replace SELECT * with Column Names – SQL in Sixty Seconds #017 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    You might have heard many times that one should not use SELECT * as there are many disadvantages to the usage of the SELECT *. I also believe that there are always rare occasion when we need every single column of the query. In most of the cases, we only need a few columns of the query and we should retrieve only those columns. SELECT * has many disadvantages. Let me list a few and remaining you can add as a comment.  Retrieves unnecessary columns and increases network traffic When a new columns are added views needs to be refreshed manually Leads to usage of sub-optimal execution plan Uses clustered index in most of the cases instead of using optimal index It is difficult to debug. There are two quick tricks I have discussed in the video which explains how users can avoid using SELECT * but instead list the column names. 1) Drag the columns folder from SQL Server Management Studio to Query Editor 2) Right Click on Table Name >> Script TAble AS >> SELECT To… >> Select option It is extremely easy to list the column names in the table. In today’s sixty seconds video, you will notice that I was able to demonstrate both the methods very quickly. From now onwards there should be no excuse for not listing ColumnName. Let me ask a question back – is there ever a reason to SELECT *? If yes, would you please share that as a comment. More on SELECT *: SQL SERVER – Solution – Puzzle – SELECT * vs SELECT COUNT(*) SQL SERVER – Puzzle – SELECT * vs SELECT COUNT(*) SQL SERVER – SELECT vs. SET Performance Comparison I encourage you to submit your ideas for SQL in Sixty Seconds. We will try to accommodate as many as we can. If we like your idea we promise to share with you educational material. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video

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  • SQL SERVER – Manage Help Settings – CTRL + ALT + F1

    - by pinaldave
    It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education. ~ Albert Einstein I have 3 years old daughter and she never misses any chance to play with the system. I have multiple computers and I always make sure that if I am working with production server, I never leave it open but when I am doing some experiment I often leave my computer open. My daughter loves the part when I have left the computer open and I am not observing her. Recently I had the same scenario, I got urgent call and I moved away from my computer and when I returned she was playing with SSMS left open my computer. Here is the screen which was visible on the screen. For a moment, I could not figure out what was this screen and what was about to get updated. I tried to ask her what keys she pressed the reaction was “I wanted – eya eya o”. Well, what more I expect from 3 years old. She is no computer genius – she just learned to use notepad and paint on my machine. Finally, when I saw the above screen in detail, I realize that this screen was from the help screen and something got updated. I have been using SQL Server for a long time but I never updated help on the screen. When I need to search something if I remember that I have written it earlier I will go to http://search.sqlauthority.com and will search there or will search on Google. As this computer was already updated I fired up Virtual Machine and tried to look recreate how my daughter was reached to above screen. Here are the steps which I have to do to reach to above screen. Go to SSMS >> Toolbar >> Help >> Manage Help Settings (or type CTRL+ALT+F1) and click it. Above click brought up following screen. I clicked on Check for update online brought following screen up. When I clicked on Update it brought me back to original screen which my daughter was able to bring up earlier. I found it so interesting that what took me 2-3 minutes to figure out and the screen which I have never come across in my career I learned from my curiosity like my daughter. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Partition Wise Joins II

    - by jean-pierre.dijcks
    One of the things that I did not talk about in the initial partition wise join post was the effect it has on resource allocation on the database server. When Oracle applies a different join method - e.g. not PWJ - what you will see in SQL Monitor (in Enterprise Manager) or in an Explain Plan is a set of producers and a set of consumers. The producers scan the tables in the the join. If there are two tables the producers first scan one table, then the other. The producers thus provide data to the consumers, and when the consumers have the data from both scans they do the join and give the data to the query coordinator. Now that behavior means that if you choose a degree of parallelism of 4 to run such query with, Oracle will allocate 8 parallel processes. Of these 8 processes 4 are producers and 4 are consumers. The consumers only actually do work once the producers are fully done with scanning both sides of the join. In the plan above you can see that the producers access table SALES [line 11] and then do a PX SEND [line 9]. That is the producer set of processes working. The consumers receive that data [line 8] and twiddle their thumbs while the producers go on and scan CUSTOMERS. The producers send that data to the consumer indicated by PX SEND [line 5]. After receiving that data [line 4] the consumers do the actual join [line 3] and give the data to the QC [line 2]. BTW, the myth that you see twice the number of processes due to the setting PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU=2 is obviously not true. The above is why you will see 2 times the processes of the DOP. In a PWJ plan the consumers are not present. Instead of producing rows and giving those to different processes, a PWJ only uses a single set of processes. Each process reads its piece of the join across the two tables and performs the join. The plan here is notably different from the initial plan. First of all the hash join is done right on top of both table scans [line 8]. This query is a little more complex than the previous so there is a bit of noise above that bit of info, but for this post, lets ignore that (sort stuff). The important piece here is that the PWJ plan typically will be faster and from a PX process number / resources typically cheaper. You may want to look out for those plans and try to get those to appear a lot... CREDITS: credits for the plans and some of the info on the plans go to Maria, as she actually produced these plans and is the expert on plans in general... You can see her talk about explaining the explain plan and other optimizer stuff over here: ODTUG in Washington DC, June 27 - July 1 On the Optimizer blog At OpenWorld in San Francisco, September 19 - 23 Happy joining and hope to see you all at ODTUG and OOW...

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