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• Is this kind of Design by Contract useless?

  - by Charlie Pigarelli

  I've just started informatics university and I'm attending a programming course about C(++). The programming professor prefers to teach very few things (in 3 month we have just reached the functions topic) and connect every topic with a type of programming design that somehow is similar to the Design by Contract design. Basically what he ask us to do is to write every exercise with comments Pre-conditions, Post-conditions and Invariants that should prove the correctness of each program we write. But this doesn't make any sense to me. I mean, ok: maybe writing down your thoughts prevent you from doing some mistakes, but if this is all an abstract thing, then if your program intuition is wrong you'll write your program wrong and then you'll also write pre and post conditions wrong probably auto convincing your self about its correctness. Most of the time, both me and other students have written programs that seemed ok and that had correct pre and post condition too. But at the moment of testing it was just completely wrong. I had some experience before this course of programming and I had written a lot of line of code before and I found myself comfortably with just writing a program and unit test it. It take less time to accomplish and is less "abstract" than just thinking about what every single piece of your program should do in every case (which is kinda like mentally testing it). Finally, all this pre and post conditions takes me like 80% of the total time of the exercise. It's harder to think about putting down this pre and post correct than to write the program itself. Since we are like the only course of the only university probably in the entire world that makes this things, could someone please tell me how should I manage this thing? Am I right thinking that this doesn't worth anything? Should I change university? (there are like double of the people attending that course and it seems that usually very few people passes the exam the first year). Should I convince myself it's method is right?

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• C# Role Provider for multiple applications

  - by Juventus18

  I'm making a custom RoleProvider that I would like to use across multiple applications in the same application pool. For the administration of roles (create new role, add users to role, etc..) I would like to create a master application that I could login to and set the roles for each additional application. So for example, I might have AppA and AppB in my organization, and I need to make an application called AppRoleManager that can set roles for AppA and AppB. I am having troubles implementing my custom RoleProvider because it uses an initialize method that gets the application name from the config file, but I need the application name to be a variable (i.e. "AppA" or "AppB") and passed as a parameter. I thought about just implementing the required methods, and then also having additional methods that pass application name as a parameter, but that seems clunky. i.e. public override CreateRole(string roleName) { //uses the ApplicationName property of this, which is set in web.config //creates role in db } public CreateRole(string ApplicationName, string roleName) { //creates role in db with specified params. } Also, I would prefer if people were prevented from calling CreateRole(string roleName) because the current instance of the class might have a different applicationName value than intended (what should i do here? throw NotImplementedException?). I tried just writing the class without inheriting RoleProvider. But it is required by the framework. Any general ideas on how to structure this project? I was thinking make a wrapper class that uses the role provider, and explicitly sets the application name before (and after) and calls to the provider something like this: static class RoleProviderWrapper { public static CreateRole(string pApplicationName, string pRoleName) { Roles.Provider.ApplicationName = pApplicationName; Roles.Provider.CreateRole(pRoleName); Roles.Provider.ApplicationName = "Generic"; } } is this my best-bet?

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• Best Practice - XML To Excel

  - by MemLeak

  I've to read a big XML file with a lot of information. Afterwards I extract the needed information (~20 Points(columns) / ~80 relevant Data (rows, some of them with subdatasets) and write them out in a Excel File. My Question is how to handle the extraction (of unused Data) part, should I copy the whole file and delete the unused parts, and then write it to excel or is it a good approach to create Objects for each column? should I write the whole xml to excel and start to delete rows in excel? What would be performant and a acceptable solution?

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• How to unicode Myanmar texts on Java? [closed]

  - by Spacez Ly Wang

  I'm just beginner of Java. I'm trying to unicode (display) correctly Myanmar texts on Java GUI ( Swing/Awt ). I have four TrueType fonts which support Myanmar unicode texts. There are Myanmar3, Padauk, Tharlon, Myanmar Text ( Window 8 built-in ). You may need the fonts before the code. Google the fonts, please. Each of the fonts display on Java GUI differently and incorrectly. Here is the code for GUI Label displaying myanmar texts: ++++++++++++++++++++++++ package javaapplication1; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class CusFrom { private static void createAndShowGUI() { JFrame frame = new JFrame("Hello World Swing"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); String s = "\u1015\u102F \u103C\u1015\u102F"; JLabel label = new JLabel(s); label.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Myanmar3", 0, 20));// font insert here, Myanmar Text, Padauk, Myanmar3, Tharlon frame.getContentPane().add(label); frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); } } ++++++++++++++++++++++++ Outputs vary. See the pictures: Myanmar3 IMG Padauk IMG Tharlon IMG Myanmar Text IMG What is the correct form? (on notepad) Well, next is the code for GUI Textfield inputting Myanmar texts: ++++++++++++++++++++++++ package javaapplication1; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class XusForm { private static void createAndShowGUI() { JFrame frame = new JFrame("Frame Title"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JTextField textfield = new JTextField(); textfield.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Myanmar3", 0, 20)); frame.getContentPane().add(textfield); frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); } } ++++++++++++++++++++++++ Outputs vary when I input keys( unicode text ) on keyboards. Myanmar Text Output IMG Padauk Output IMG Myanmar3 Output IMG Tharlon Output IMG Those fonts work well on Linux when opening text files with Text Editor application. My Question is how to unicode Myanmar texts on Java GUI. Do I need additional codes left to display well? Or Does Java still have errors? The fonts display well on Web Application (HTML, CSS) but I'm not sure about displaying on Java Web Application.

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• Unit test SHA256 wrapper queries

  - by Sam Leach

  I am just beginning to write unit tests. So please bear with me. I have the following SHA256 wrapper. public static string SHA256(string plainText) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); SHA256CryptoServiceProvider provider = new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider(); var hashedBytes = provider.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText)); for (int i = 0; i < hashedBytes.Length; i++) { sb.Append(hashedBytes[i].ToString("x2").ToLower()); } return sb.ToString(); } Do I want to be testing it? If so, what do you recommend? My thought process is as follows: What logic is there here. The answer is my for loop and ToString("x2") so from my understanding I want to be testing this part? I can assume Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText) works. Correct assumption? I can assume SHA256CryptoServiceProvider.ComputeHash() works. Correct assumption? I want to be only testing my logic. In this case is limited to the printing of hex encoded hash. Correct? Thanks.

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• Moving from local machine to group web development environment

  - by Djave

  I'm a freelancer who currently creates websites locally using something like MAMP to test websites locally before pushing them live with FTP. I'm looking at taking on my first employee, and I would need to be able to work on websites with them simultaneously. Can anyone explain or provide links to some good documentation on team workflow, or some key phrases I should be googling to get started on my set up? Unlike a lot of the stackoverflow community I've never worked in a dev team, large or small as I'm self taught so just need to know where to start. At present I'm thinking I need an extra computer to use as a server, then use Git or some such to version control files on that computer, as well as installing apache on it so it can be viewed by any computers in my current home network. Is this heading down the right track?

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• Should I add parameters to instance methods that use those instance fields as parameters?

  - by john smith optional

  I have an instance method that uses instance fields in its work. I can leave the method without that parameters as they're available to me, or I can add them to the parameter list, thus making my method more "generic" and not reliable on the class. On the other hand, additional parameters will be in parameters list. Which approach is preferable and why? Edit: at the moment I don't know if my method will be public or private. Edit2: clarification: both method and fields are instance level.

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• How and where do you store your private work/sourcecode?

  - by Amir Rezaei

  I have worked as a developer for over 10 years now. During that time I have had my own small projects where I have developed tools, applications and games. I have not found any robust solution to store my work. It’s always fun to get back to your code and see how you did before and how you would do it now. It’s just work that is unfortunate to lose. There are SVN solution such as Google’s Project Hosting. However I’m not interested in sharing my code or making it open source. Currently I’m hosting my own SVN server. So here comes my question: How and where do you store your private work/sourcecode? Requirements: Sourcecode versioning Backup Prefers free Edit: Remote access Edit: I have used Dropbox + TrueCrypt + SVN. Unfortunately you are limited to 5gb.

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• Is LINQ to objects a collection of combinators?

  - by Jimmy Hoffa

  I was just trying to explain the usefulness of combinators to a colleague and I told him LINQ to objects are like combinators as they exhibit the same value, the ability to combine small pieces to create a single large piece. Though I don't know that I can call LINQ to objects combinators. I've seen 2 levels of definition for combinator that I generalize as such: A combinator is a function which only uses things passed to it A combinator is a function which only uses things passed to it and other standard atomic functions but not state The first is very rigid and can be seen in the combinatory calculus systems and in haskell things like $ and . and various similar functions meet this rule. The second is less rigid and would allow something like sum as it uses the + function which was not passed in but is standard and not stateful. Though the LINQ extensions in C# use state in their iteration models, so I feel I can't say they're combinators. Can someone who understands the definition of a combinator more thoroughly and with more experience in these realms give a distinct ruling on this? Are my definitions of 'combinator' wrong to begin with?

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• javac -cp : cannot find symbol problem [migrated]

  - by LivingThing

  I have 3 classes CustomerAddress, Customer and CustomerMain. Customer has a import statement : import org.abc.customers.CustomerAddress; While CustomerMain has an import statement : import org.abc.customers.CustomerAddress; import org.abc.customers.Customer; The package for all of these classes are package org.abc.customer Now, this program works fine on eclipse but when i try to compile and run on cmd prompt it would not compile javac CustomerAddress.java compiles fine then since Customer depends on CustomerAddress i give javac -cp . Customer.java but the compiler complains error cannot find symbol CustomerAddress Thanks

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• Clean way to use mutable implementation of Immutable interfaces for encapsulation

  - by dsollen

  My code is working on some compost relationship which creates a tree structure, class A has many children of type B, which has many children of type C etc. The lowest level class, call it bar, also points to a connected bar class. This effectively makes nearly every object in my domain inter-connected. Immutable objects would be problematic due to the expense of rebuilding almost all of my domain to make a single change to one class. I chose to go with an interface approach. Every object has an Immutable interface which only publishes the getter methods. I have controller objects which constructs the domain objects and thus has reference to the full objects, thus capable of calling the setter methods; but only ever publishes the immutable interface. Any change requested will go through the controller. So something like this: public interface ImmutableFoo{ public Bar getBar(); public Location getLocation(); } public class Foo implements ImmutableFoo{ private Bar bar; private Location location; @Override public Bar getBar(){ return Bar; } public void setBar(Bar bar){ this.bar=bar; } @Override public Location getLocation(){ return Location; } } public class Controller{ Private Map<Location, Foo> fooMap; public ImmutableFoo addBar(Bar bar){ Foo foo=fooMap.get(bar.getLocation()); if(foo!=null) foo.addBar(bar); return foo; } } I felt the basic approach seems sensible, however, when I speak to others they always seem to have trouble envisioning what I'm describing, which leaves me concerned that I may have a larger design issue then I'm aware of. Is it problematic to have domain objects so tightly coupled, or to use the quasi-mutable approach to modifying them? Assuming that the design approach itself isn't inherently flawed the particular discussion which left me wondering about my approach had to do with the presence of business logic in the domain objects. Currently I have my setter methods in the mutable objects do error checking and all other logic required to verify and make a change to the object. It was suggested that this should be pulled out into a service class, which applies all the business logic, to simplify my domain objects. I understand the advantage in mocking/testing and general separation of logic into two classes. However, with a service method/object It seems I loose some of the advantage of polymorphism, I can't override a base class to add in new error checking or business logic. It seems, if my polymorphic classes were complicated enough, I would end up with a service method that has to check a dozen flags to decide what error checking and business logic applies. So, for example, if I wanted to have a childFoo which also had a size field which should be compared to bar before adding par my current approach would look something like this. public class Foo implements ImmutableFoo{ public void addBar(Bar bar){ if(!getLocation().equals(bar.getLocation()) throw new LocationException(); this.bar=bar; } } public interface ImmutableChildFoo extends ImmutableFoo{ public int getSize(); } public ChildFoo extends Foo implements ImmutableChildFoo{ private int size; @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public void addBar(Bar bar){ if(getSize()<bar.getSize()){ throw new LocationException(); super.addBar(bar); } My colleague was suggesting instead having a service object that looks something like this (over simplified, the 'service' object would likely be more complex). public interface ImmutableFoo{ ///original interface, presumably used in other methods public Location getLocation(); public boolean isChildFoo(); } public interface ImmutableSizedFoo implements ImmutableFoo{ public int getSize(); } public class Foo implements ImmutableSizedFoo{ public Bar bar; @Override public void addBar(Bar bar){ this.bar=bar; } @Override public int getSize(){ //default size if no size is known return 0; } @Override public boolean isChildFoo return false; } } public ChildFoo extends Foo{ private int size; @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public boolean isChildFoo(); return true; } } public class Controller{ Private Map<Location, Foo> fooMap; public ImmutableSizedFoo addBar(Bar bar){ Foo foo=fooMap.get(bar.getLocation()); service.addBarToFoo(foo, bar); returned foo; } public class Service{ public static void addBarToFoo(Foo foo, Bar bar){ if(foo==null) return; if(!foo.getLocation().equals(bar.getLocation())) throw new LocationException(); if(foo.isChildFoo() && foo.getSize()<bar.getSize()) throw new LocationException(); foo.setBar(bar); } } } Is the recommended approach of using services and inversion of control inherently superior, or superior in certain cases, to overriding methods directly? If so is there a good way to go with the service approach while not loosing the power of polymorphism to override some of the behavior?

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• Generating Deep Arrays: Shallow to Deep, Deep to Shallow or Bad idea?

  - by MobyD

  I'm working on an array structure that will be used as the data source for a report template in a web app. The data comes from relatively complex SQL queries that return one or many rows as one dimensional associative arrays. In the case of many, they are turned into two dimensional indexed array. The data is complex and in some cases there is a lot of it. To save trips to the database (which are extremely expensive in this scenario) I'm attempting to get all of the basic arrays (1 and 2 dimension raw database data) and put them, conditionally, into a single, five level deep array. Organizing the data in PHP seems like a better idea than by using where statements in the SQL. Array Structure Array of years( year => array of types( types => array of information( total => value, table => array of data( index => db array ) ) ) ) My first question is, is this a bad idea. Are arrays like this appropriate for this situation? If this would work, how should I go about populating it? My initial thought was shallow to deep, but the more I work on this, the more I realize that it'd be very difficult to abstract out the conditionals that determine where each item goes in the array. So it seems that starting from the most deeply nested data may be the approach I should take. If this is array abuse, what alternatives exist?

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• Strategy for managing lots of pictures for a website

  - by Nate

  I'm starting a new website that will (hopefully) have a lot of user generated pictures. I'm trying to figure out the best way to store and serve these pictures. The CMS I'm using (umbraco) has a media library that puts a folder on the server for each image. Inside of there you can have different sizes of that same image. That folder has an ID on it and the database has additional information for that image along with the ID of the folder. This works great for small sites, but what if the pictures get up to 10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000? It seems like the lookup on the directory would take a long time to find the correct folder. I'm on windows 2008 if that makes a difference. I'm not so worried about load. I can load balance my server pretty easily and replicate the images across the servers. The nature of the site won't have a lot of users on it either, but it could have a lot of pics. Thanks. -Nate EDIT After some thought I think I'm going to create a directory for each user under a root image folder then have user's pictures under that. I would be pretty stoked if I had even 5,000 users, so that shouldn't be too bad of a linear lookup. If it does get slow I will break it down into folders like /media/a/adam/image123.png. If it ever gets really big I will expand the above method to build a bigger tree. That would take a LOT of content though.

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• Design Patterns: Should I learn them?

  - by prelic

  So it's kinda weird asking two questions back-to-back, but they aren't very related and I didn't want to combine them, but I'm not spamming questions, I promise! Anyway, I'm a recent college grad, and my education only touched on design patterns...we implemented a few simple ones, touched on the fact that there were more complicated ones, and were instructed to turn to the GoF book if we wanted to learn more. My question is, is it worth learning the patterns in the GoF book? To me, it's always seemed counter-intuitive to try and make a problem fit a classic pattern, but obviously the book, and the patterns, are famous for a reason. Do they show up enough that I should be learning them? Thanks again!

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• Should I be an algorithm developer, or java web frameworks type developer?

  - by Derek

  So - as I see it, there are really two kinds of developers. Those that do frameworks, web services, pretty-making front ends, etc etc. Then there are developers that write the algorithms that solve the problem. That is, unless the problem is "display this raw data in some meaningful way." In that case, the framework/web developer guy might be doing both jobs. So my basic problem is this. I have been an algorithms kind of software developer for a few years now. I double majored in Math and Computer science, and I have a master's in systems engineering. I have never done any web-dev work, with the exception of a couple minor jobs, and some hobby level stuff. I have been job interviewing lately, and this is what happens: Job is listed as "programmer- 5 years of experience with the following: C/C++, Java,Perl, Ruby, ant, blah blah blah" Recruiter calls me, says they want me to come in for interview In the interview, find out they have some webservices development, blah blah blah When asked in the interview, talk about my experience doing algorithms, optimization, blah blah..but very willing to learn new languages, frameworks, etc Get a call back saying "we didn't think you were a fit for the job you interviewed wtih, but our algorithm team got wind of you and wants to bring you on" This has happened to me a couple times now - see a vague-ish job description looking for a "programmer" Go in, find out they are doing some sort of web-based tool, maybe with some hardcore algorithms running in the background. interview with people for the web-based tool, but get an offer from the algorithms people. So the question is - which job is the better job? I basically just want to get a wide berth of experience at this level of my career, but are algorithm developers so much in demand? Even more so than all these supposed hot in demand web developer guys? Will I be ok in the long run if I go into the niche of math based algorithm development, and just little to no, or hobby level web-dev experience? I basically just don't want to pigeon hole myself this early. My salary is already starting to get pretty high - and I can see a company later on saying "we really need a web developer, but we'll hire this 50k/year college guy, instead of this 100k/year experience algorithm guy" Cliffs notes: I have been doing algorithm development. I consider myself to be a "good programmer." I would have no problem picking up web technologies and those sorts of frameworks. During job interviews, I keep getting "we think you've got a good skillset - talk to our algorithm team" instead of wanting me to learn new skills on the job to do their web services or whhatever other new technology they are doing. Edit: Whenever I am talking about algorithm development here - I am talking about the code that produces the answer. Typically I think of more math-based algorithms: solving a financial problem, solving a finite element method, image processing, etc

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• What programming languages have you taught your children?

  - by Dubmun

  I'm a C# developer by trade but have had exposure to many languages (including Java, C++, and multiple scripting languages) over the course of my education and career. Since I code in the MS world for work I am most familiar with their stack and so I was excited when Small Basic was announced. I immediately started teaching my oldest to program in it but felt that something was missing from the experience. Being able to look up every command with the IDE's intellisense seemed to take something from the experience. Sure, it was easy to grasp but I found myself thinking that a little more challenge might be in order. I'm looking for something better and I would like to hear your experiences with teaching your children to program in whatever language you have chosen to do so in. What did you like and dislike? How fast did they pick it up? Were they challenged? Frustrated? Thank you very much!

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• The understanding of flight search engine

  - by Jens Jensen

  Today I just discovered a search engine website who offered a service to enter your departure destination, and then search for which possible destinations you can have for the cheapest price. This is very nice to use, if one wants to flight somewhere but doesn't know which "good deals" are available. This is the site: http://www.kayak.com/explore/ Can someone explain to me, which programs are (mostly) used, and summarize how to make this sort of search engine. I think this is very interesting but unfortunately there are not shown all the possible flight tickets and therefore I think this project could be improved.

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• Spring MVC vs raw servlets and template engine?

  - by Gigatron

  I've read numerous articles about the Spring MVC framework, and I still can't see the benefits of using it. It looks like writing even a simple application with it requires creating a big hodgepodge of XML files and annotations and other reams of code to conform to what the framework wants, a whole bunch of moving parts to accomplish a simple single task. Any time I look at a Spring example, I can see how I can write something with the same functionality using a simple servlet and template engine (e.g. FreeMarker, StringTemplate), in half the lines of code and little or no XML files and other artifacts. Just grab the data from the session and request, call the application domain objects if necessary, pass the results to the template engine to generate the resulting web page, done. What am I missing? Can you describe even one example of something that is actually made simpler with Spring than using a combination of raw servlets with a template engine? Or is Spring MVC just one of those overly complicated things that people use only because their boss tells them to use it?

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• How to choose an agile methodology?

  - by Christophe Debove

  I'm working in a little firm about 10 developpers, we are working a kind of agile way but knowledgeless and without formalism. I think be aware of what are agile method, what can they afford to us, may render more productive our products. However there is a lot of agile method, which could be the simplest to "learn"? Rapid Application Development Dynamic systems development method Scrum Feature Driven Development Extreme programming Adaptive software development Test Driven Development Crystal clear

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• Logic to create common Serverlet3 Login

  - by user3696143

  I am using Servlet3 Login to Authenticate User in website I have these Login Website Normal Login(Fill the Sigup form) Facebook Login (From Facebook Id) Twitter Login (From Twitter) And I am already authenticate user by below code HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getExternalContext().getRequest(); request.login(username, password); And it is working fine for Website Login as user gave his/her EMailId and password and it store in DB. Now I modified table and added more columns to save Facebookid in same user table and also password for Facebook login FacebookId work as a Password as well. Same I will do for Twitter But I want the same Servlet3 to authenticate user. How can I achieve it? And also added context.xml file inside META-INF folder <Realm localDataSource="true" debug="99" className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm" connectionName="user" connectionPassword="password" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ ccc" digest="md5" driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" roleNameCol="role_name" userCredCol="password" userNameCol="email_id" userRoleTable="users_list" userTable="user_list_view" /> Also it is possible to check which query fired by realm entry?

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• Configure Jenkins and Tomcat using Puppet on Vagrant

  - by ex3v

  I'm playing with setting up my first Spring + jenkins + Tomcat CI dev environment. For now it's just a test/fun phase, but in the near future I'll be starting new project with my coworkers. That's the reason that I want development environment virtualized and exactly te same on every development machine, as well as on production server. I choosen to use Vagrant and to try to write puppet scripts that not only install everything, but also configure everything so each of us will have the same jenkins plugins, same jenkins and tomcat login and password, and literally after calling vagrant up we are ready to work. What I managed to do so far is installation of stuff needed and port forwarding. My vagrantfile looks like this (comments stripped): VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2" Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config| config.vm.box = "precise32" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise32.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8090 config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 8080, host: 8091 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.33.10" config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "puppet/" puppet.manifest_file = "default.pp" puppet.options = ['--verbose'] end end And this is my puppet file: Exec { path => [ "/bin/", "/sbin/" , "/usr/bin/", "/usr/sbin/" ] } class system-update { exec { 'apt-get update': command => 'apt-get update', } $sysPackages = [ "build-essential" ] package { $sysPackages: ensure => "installed", require => Exec['apt-get update'], } } class tomcat { package { "tomcat": ensure => present, require => Class["system-update"], } service { "tomcat": ensure => "running", require => Package["tomcat"], } } class jenkins { package { "jenkins": ensure => present, require => Class["system-update"], } service { "jenkins": ensure => "running", require => Package["jenkins"], } } include system-update include tomcat include jenkins Now, when I hit vagrant provision and go to http://localhost:8091/ I can see jenkins running, so above script works good. Next step is configurating jenkins and tomcat by extending above puppet scripts. I'm pretty green when it comes to CI. After wandering around web I've found few tutorials about jenkins configuration (here's one of them). I really want to move configuration presented in this tutorial to puppet file, so when I spread my vagrantfile and puppet file between my coworkers, I will be sure that everyone has exactly te same setup. Unfortunately I'm also green about using puppet, I don't know how to do this. Any help will be apreciated.

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• embedding LEFT OUTER JOIN within INNER JOIN

  - by user3424954

  I am having some problems with one of the question's answered in the book "SQL FOR MERE MORTALS". Here is the problem statement Here is the Database Structure Here is the answer which I am unable to comprehend Here is an answer which looks perfect to me Now the problem with the first answer I am having is: We first use LEFT OUTER JOIN for recipe class and recipes. So it selects all recipe class rows but only matching recipes. Perfecty fine as the question is demanding. Lets call this result set R. Now in the next step when we use INNER JOIN to join RecipieIngridients, it should filter out the rows from R in which Recipie ID doesn't match with the Recipe Id in Recipie Ingredients and hence filtering out the related Recipe class and recipe description also(Since it filters out the entire row of R). So this contradicts with the problem which demands all recipieID and RecipieDescription to be displayed from Recipe_Classes Table in this very step only. How can it be correct. Or Am i Missing some concept.

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• Is NAN suitable for communicating that an invalid parameter was involved in a calculation?

  - by Arman

  I am currently working on a numerical processing system that will be deployed in a performance-critical environment. It takes inputs in the form of numerical arrays (these use the eigen library, but for the purpose of this question that's perhaps immaterial), and performs some range of numerical computations (matrix products, concatenations, etc.) to produce outputs. All arrays are allocated statically and their sizes are known at compile time. However, some of the inputs may be invalid. In these exceptional cases, we still want the code to be computed and we still want outputs not "polluted" by invalid values to be used. To give an example, let's take the following trivial example (this is pseudo-code): Matrix a = {1, 2, NAN, 4}; // this is the "input" matrix Scalar b = 2; Matrix output = b * a; // this results in {2, 4, NAN, 8} The idea here is that 2, 4 and 8 are usable values, but the NAN should signal to the receipient of the data that that entry was involved in an operation that involved an invalid value, and should be discarded (this will be detected via a std::isfinite(value) check before the value is used). Is this a sound way of communicating and propagating unusable values, given that performance is critical and heap allocation is not an option (and neither are other resource-consuming constructs such as boost::optional or pointers)? Are there better ways of doing this? At this point I'm quite happy with the current setup but I was hoping to get some fresh ideas or productive criticism of the current implementation.

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• In WPF, should I base my converters on types or use-cases?

  - by user1013159

  I'm looking for some advice on how to write my WPF value converters. The way I'm currently writing them, they are very specific, like (bool?,bool) = Brush, i.e. I'm writing each converter for a specific use case, in this case, the Brush is bound to an indicator showing equality information between the bool? and the bool. This obviously makes re-use very hard and I end up with a quite large list of converters. Should I strive to write my converters in a more general way? Can I?

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• Understanding Backtracking in C++

  - by nikhil

  I have a good basic understanding of the fundamentals of C++, I also have an understanding of how recursion works too. I came across certain problems like the classic eight queens problem and solving a Sudoku with Backtracking. I realize that I'm quite lost when it comes to this, I can't seem to be able to get my mind around the concept of going back in the recursion stack and starting again in order to solve the problem. It seems easy with a pen and paper but when it comes to writing code for this, I'm confused on how to begin attacking these problems. It would be helpful if there were a tutorial aimed at beginners to backtracking or if there were a good book where this was covered. If somebody can shed light on this topic or give me some links to decent references, I'd be really grateful. And yes I do know that it would be easier in functional languages but I'd like to understand the implementation in imperative languages too.

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