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  • convert the key in MIME encoded form in python

    - by jaysh
    this is the code : f = urllib.urlopen('http://pool.sks-keyservers.net:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search= 0x58e9390daf8c5bf3') #Retrieve the public key from PKS data = f.read() decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(data) print decoded_bytes i need to convert the key in MIME encoded form which is presently comes in (ascii armored) radix 64 format.for that i have to get this radix64 format in its binary form and also need to remove its header and checksum than coversion in MIME format but i didnt find any method which can do this conversion. i used the base64.b64decode method and its give me error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "RetEnc.py", line 12, in ? decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(data) File "/usr/lib/python2.4/base64.py", line 76, in b64decode raise TypeError(msg) TypeError: Incorrect padding what to do i'didnt getting .can anybody suggest me something related to this...... thanks!!!!

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  • Python's string.translate() doesn't fully work?

    - by Rhubarb
    Given this example, I get the error that follows: print u'\2033'.translate({2033:u'd'}) C:\Python26\lib\encodings\cp437.pyc in encode(self, input, errors) 10 11 def encode(self,input,errors='strict'): ---> 12 return codecs.charmap_encode(input,errors,encoding_map) 13 14 def decode(self,input,errors='strict'): UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\x83' in position 0

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  • Multiple levels of 'collection.defaultdict' in Python

    - by Morlock
    Thanks to some great folks on SO, I discovered the possibilities offered by collections.defaultdict, notably in readability and speed. I have put them to use with success. Now I would like to implement three levels of dictionaries, the two top ones being defaultdict and the lowest one being int. I don't find the appropriate way to do this. Here is my attempt: from collections import defaultdict d = defaultdict(defaultdict) a = [("key1", {"a1":22, "a2":33}), ("key2", {"a1":32, "a2":55}), ("key3", {"a1":43, "a2":44})] for i in a: d[i[0]] = i[1] Now this works, but the following, which is the desired behavior, doesn't: d["key4"]["a1"] + 1 I suspect that I should have declared somewhere that the second level defaultdict is of type int, but I didn't find where or how to do so. The reason I am using defaultdict in the first place is to avoid having to initialize the dictionary for each new key. Any more elegant suggestion? Thanks pythoneers!

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  • Catch clearly defined exception from sub.submodule in python

    - by mynthon
    I have 3 files. xxx which imports xxx2 and xxx2 imports xxx3 which one raises OppsError exception. xxx3.py: class OppsError(Exception):pass def go(): raise OppsError() xxx2.py: import xxx3 xxx3.go() xxx.py: try: import xxx2 except xxx3.OppsError: print 'ops' When i run xxx.py i get error NameError: name 'xxx3' is not defined. Is importing xxx3 inside xxx only way to catch OppsError?

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  • Python sort 2-D list by time string

    - by Mark Kennedy
    How do I sort a multi dimensional list like this based on a time string? The sublists can be of different sizes (i.e. 4 and 5, here) I want to sort by comparing the first time string in each sublist (sublist[-4]) x = (['1513', '08:19PM', '10:21PM', 1, 4], ['1290', '09:45PM', '11:43PM', 1, 4], ['0690', '07:25AM', '09:19AM', 1, 4], ['0201', '08:50AM', '10:50AM', 1, 4], ['1166', '04:35PM', '06:36PM', 1, 4], ['0845', '05:40PM', '07:44PM', 1, 4], ['1267', '07:05PM', '09:07PM', 1, 4], ['1513', '08:19PM', '10:21PM', 1, 4], ['1290', '09:45PM', '11:43PM', 1, 4], ['8772', '0159', '12:33PM', '02:43PM', 1, 5], ['0888', '0570', '09:42PM', '12:20AM', 1, 5], ['2086', '2231', '04:10PM', '06:20PM', 1, 5]) The sorted result would be sortedX = (['0690', '07:25AM', '09:19AM', 1, 4], ['0201', '08:50AM', '10:50AM', 1, 4], ['1166', '04:35PM', '06:36PM', 1, 4], ['0845', '05:40PM', '07:44PM', 1, 4], ['1267', '07:05PM', '09:07PM', 1, 4], ['1513', '08:19PM', '10:21PM', 1, 4], ['1513', '08:19PM', '10:21PM', 1, 4], ['1290', '09:45PM', '11:43PM', 1, 4], ['1290', '09:45PM', '11:43PM', 1, 4], ['8772', '0159', '12:33PM', '02:43PM', 1, 5], ['2086', '2231', '04:10PM', '06:20PM', 1, 5], ['0888', '0570', '09:42PM', '12:20AM', 1, 5]) I tried the following: sortedX = sorted(x, key=lambda k : k[-4]) #k[-4] is the first time string and it works but it doesn't respect the sublist size ordering

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  • Python - Removing duplicates from a string

    - by Daniel
    def remove_duplicates(strng): """ Returns a string which is the same as the argument except only the first occurrence of each letter is present. Upper and lower case letters are treated as different. Only duplicate letters are removed, other characters such as spaces or numbers are not changed. >>> remove_duplicates('apple') 'aple' >>> remove_duplicates('Mississippi') 'Misp' >>> remove_duplicates('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog') 'The quick brown fx jmps v t lazy dg' >>> remove_duplicates('121 balloons 2 u') '121 balons 2 u' """ s = strng.split() return strng.replace(s[0],"") Writing a function to get rid of duplicate letters but so far have been playing around for an hour and can't get anything. Help would be appreciated, thanks.

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  • Python: why can't descriptors be instance variables?

    - by Continuation
    Say I define this descriptor: class MyDescriptor(object): def __get__(self, instance, owner): return self._value def __set__(self, instance, value): self._value = value def __delete__(self, instance): del(self._value) And I use it in this: class MyClass1(object): value = MyDescriptor() >>> m1 = MyClass1() >>> m1.value = 1 >>> m2 = MyClass1() >>> m2.value = 2 >>> m1.value 2 So value is a class attribute and is shared by all instances. Now if I define this: class MyClass2(object) value = 1 >>> y1 = MyClass2() >>> y1.value=1 >>> y2 = MyClass2() >>> y2.value=2 >>> y1.value 1 In this case value is an instance attribute and is not shared by the instances. Why is it that when value is a descriptor it can only be a class attribute, but when value is a simple integer it becomes an instance attribute?

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  • (Python) algorithm to randomly select a key based on proportionality/weight

    - by LaundroMat
    Hi - I'm a bit at a loss as to how to find a clean algorithm for doing the following: Suppose I have a dict k: >>> k = {'A': 68, 'B': 62, 'C': 47, 'D': 16, 'E': 81} I now want to randomly select one of these keys, based on the 'weight' they have in the total (i.e. sum) amount of keys. >>> sum(k.values()) >>> 274 So that there's a >>> 68.0/274.0 >>> 0.24817518248175183 24.81% percent change that A is selected. How would you write an algorithm that takes care of this? In other words, that makes sure that on 10.000 random picks, A will be selected 2.481 times?

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  • python win32api registery key change

    - by user340495
    Hi, I am trying to trigger an event every time a registry value is being modified. import win32api import win32event import win32con import _winreg key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,'Control Panel\Desktop',0,_winreg.KEY_READ) sub_key = _winreg.CreateKey(key,'Wallpaper') evt = win32event.CreateEvent(None,0,0,None) win32api.RegNotifyChangeKeyValue(sub_key,1,win32api.REG_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES,evt,True) ret_code=win32event.WaitForSingleObject(evt,3000) if ret_code == win32con.WAIT_OBJECT_0: print "CHANGED" if ret_code == win32con.WAIT_TIMEOUT: print "TIMED" my problem is that this is never triggered , the event always time-out. (the reg key I am trying to follow is the wallpaper) [ please note I trigger the event by 1) manually changing the registry value in regedit 2) an automated script which run this : from ctypes import windll from win32con import * windll.user32.SystemParametersInfoA(SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER, 0,"C:\wall.jpg",SPIF_UPDATEINIFILE | SPIF_SENDWININICHANGE) ] Thanks for any help in advance :) EDIT:: sorry about formatting

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  • Copy files in folder up one directory in python

    - by Aaron Hoffman
    I have a folder with a few files that I would like to copy one directory up (this folder also has some files that I don't want to copy). I know there is the os.chdir("..") command to move me to the directory. However, I'm not sure how to copy those files I need into this directory. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Python unittest: Generate multiple tests programmatically?

    - by Rosarch
    I have a function to test, under_test, and a set of expected input/output pairs: [ (2, 332), (234, 99213), (9, 3), # ... ] I would like each one of these input/output pairs to be tested in its own test_* method. Is that possible? This is sort of what I want, but forcing every single input/output pair into a single test: class TestPreReqs(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.expected_pairs = [(23, 55), (4, 32)] def test_expected(self): for exp in self.expected_pairs: self.assertEqual(under_test(exp[0]), exp[1]) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

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  • replacing values in formated file with python

    - by froggy
    I have a string see attached file like that and i would like to modify it using a function Giving section name parameter name and value to set Also in case i want to modify several parameters for a same section how can i have position in file to avoid scanning x time for a same section and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question an and other to pass my question d other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my question and other to pass my questionand other to pass my question and other to pass my question

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  • Efficient way to build a MySQL update query in Python

    - by ensnare
    I have a class variable called attributes which lists the instance variables I want to update in a database: attributes = ['id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'name', 'name_url', 'email', 'password', 'password_salt', 'picture_id'] Each of the class attributes are updated upon instantiation. I would like to loop through each of the attributes and build a MySQL update query in the form of: UPDATE members SET id = self._id, first_name = self._first name ... Thanks.

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  • python matrices - list index out of range

    - by user1888493
    I am writing a function, that takes a matrix as input, such as the one below. Then the it returns the matrix' inverse, where all the 1s are changed to 0s and all the 0s changed to 1s, while keeping the diagonal from top left to bottom right 0s. An example input: g1 = [[0, 1, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1, 0]] the function should output this: g1 = [[0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0]] When I run the program, it raises a list index out of range error. I'm sure this happens, because the loops I have set up are trying to access values that do not exist. But how do I allow an input of unknown row and column size? I only know how to do this with a single list, but a list of lists? Following you see the transforming function, but not the test function that calls it: def inverse_graph(graph): # take in graph # change all zeros to ones and ones to zeros r, c = 0, 0 # row, column equal zero while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current row has a value. while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current column has a value if (graph[r][c] == 0): graph[r][c] = 1 elif (graph[r][c] == 1): graph[r][c] = 0 c+=1 c=0 r+=1 c=0 r=0 # sets diagonal to zeros while (g1[r][c] == 0 or g1[r][c] == 1): g1[r][c]=0 c+=1 r+=1 return graph

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  • escaping query string with special characters with python

    - by that_guy
    I got some pretty messy urls that i got via scraping here, problem is that they contain spaces or other special characters in the path and query string, here is some example http://www.example.com/some path/to the/file.html http://www.example.com/some path/?file=path to/file name.png&name=name.me so, is there an easy and robust way to escape the urls so that i can pass them to urlopen? i tried urlib.quote, but it seems to escape the '?', '&', and '=' in the query string as well, and it seems to escape the protocol as well, currently, what i am trying to do is use regex to separate the protocol, path name, and query string and escape them separately, but there are cases where they arent separated properly any advice is appreciated

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  • regular expression not behaving as expected - Python

    - by philippe
    I have the following function which is supposed to read a .html file and search for <input> tags, and inject a <input type='hidden' > tag into the string to be shown into the page. However, that condition is never met:( e.g the if statement is never executed. ) What's wrong with my regex? def print_choose( params, name ): filename = path + name f = open( filename, 'r' ) records = f.readlines() print "Content-Type: text/html" print page = "" flag = True for record in records: if re.match( '<input*', str(record) ) != None: print record page += record page += "<input type='hidden' name='pagename' value='psychology' />" else: page += record print page Thank you

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  • python send/receive hex data via TCP socket

    - by Mike
    I have a ethenet access control device that is said to be able to communicate via TCP. How can i send a pachet by entering the HEX data, since this is what i have from their manual (a standard format for the communication packets sent and received after each command)

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  • Checking if a string's characters are ascending alphabetically and its ascent is evenly spaced python

    - by FRU5TR8EDD
    So need to check if a string's characters are ascending alphabetically and if that ascent is evenly spaced. a = "abc" b = "ceg" So a is alphabetically ascending and it's spacing is 1 (if you convert to the ordinal values they are 97,98,99). And b is also alphabetically ascending and it's spacing is 2 (99,101,103). And I am sticking with the following code: a = 'jubjub' words1 = [] ords = [ord(letter) for letter in a] diff = ords[1] - ords[0] for ord_val in range(1, len(ords)-1): if diff > 0: if ords[ord_val + 1] - ords[ord_val] == diff: if a not in words1: words1.append((a, diff)) print words1 How come 'jubjub' works, 'ace' works, but 'catcat' doesn't?

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