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  • SQL complex Question

    - by santanu
    Hello All, I need to find a function. the scenario is : I have 2 table. 1. news table 2. news_comment table need to find the most commented 20 news. the news_comment table has the relationship with the news table Thank you

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  • Parsing Complex Text File with C#

    - by David
    Hello, I need to parse a text file that has a lot of levels and characters. I've been trying different ways to parse it but I haven't been able to get anything to work. I've included a sample of the text file I'm dealing with. Any suggestions on how I can parse this file? I have denoted the parts of the file I need with TEXTINEED. (bean name: 'TEXTINEED context: (list '/text '/content/home/left-nav/text '/content/home/landing-page) type: '/text/types/text module: '/modules/TEXTINEED source: '|moretext| ((contents (list (list (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((chartSize (list 600 400)) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowHeader (list #f))))))) (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((displayName (list "MTD")) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowLabels (list #f)) (hideDetailedLink (list #t)) (showRowHeader (list #f)) (chartSize (list 600 400))))))) (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((displayName (list "QTD")) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowLabels (list #f)) (hideDetailedLink (list #t)) (showRowHeader (list #f)) (chartSize (list 600 400)))))))) Thanks!

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  • SQL Complex Select - Trouble forming query

    - by JoshSpacher
    I have three tables, Customers, Sales and Products. Sales links a CustomerID with a ProductID and has a SalesPrice. select Products.Category, AVG(SalePrice) from Sales inner join Products on Products.ProductID = Sales.ProductID group by Products.Category This lets me see the average price for all sales by category. However, I only want to include customers that have more than 3 sales records or more in the DB. I am not sure the best way, or any way, to go about this. Ideas?

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  • Create a complex SQL query?

    - by mazzzzz
    Hey guys, I have a program that allows me to run queries against a large database. I have two tables that are important right now, Deposits and withdraws. Each contains a history of every user. I need to take each table, add up every deposit and withdraws (per user), then subtract the withdraws from the deposits. I then need to return every user whos result is negative (aka they withdrew more then they deposited). Is this possible in one query? Example: Deposit Table: |ID|UserName|Amount| |1 | Use1 |100.00| |2 | Use1 |50.00 | |3 | Use2 |25.00 | |4 | Use1 | 5.00 | WithDraw Table: |ID|UserName|Amount| |2 | Use2 | 5.00 | |1 | Use1 |100.00| |4 | Use1 | 5.00 | |3 | Use2 |25.00 | So then the result would output: |OverWithdrawers| | Use2 | Is this possible (I sure don't know how to do it)? Thanks for any help, Max

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  • Numpy: Creating a complex array from 2 real ones?

    - by Duncan Tait
    I swear this should be so easy... Why is it not? :( In fact, I want to combine 2 parts of the same array to make a complex array: Data[:,:,:,0] , Data[:,:,:,1] These don't work: x = np.complex(Data[:,:,:,0], Data[:,:,:,1]) x = complex(Data[:,:,:,0], Data[:,:,:,1]) Am I missing something? Does numpy not like performing array functions on complex numbers? Here's the error: TypeError: only length-1 arrays can be converted to Python scalars Cheers

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  • Does TDD really work for complex projects?

    - by Amir Rezaei
    I’m asking this question regarding problems I have experienced during TDD projects. I have noticed the following challenges when creating unit tests. Generating and maintaining mock data It’s hard and unrealistic to maintain large mock data. It’s is even harder when database structure undergoes changes. Testing GUI Even with MVVM and ability to test GUI, it takes a lot of code to reproduce the GUI scenario. Testing the business I have experience that TDD works well if you limit it to simple business logic. However complex business logic is hard to test since the number of combinations of tests (test space) is very large. Contradiction in requirements In reality it’s hard to capture all requirements under analysis and design. Many times one note requirements lead to contradiction because the project is complex. The contradiction is found late under implementation phase. TDD requires that requirements are 100% correct. In such cases one could expect that conflicting requirements would be captured during creating of tests. But the problem is that this isn’t the case in complex scenarios. I have read this question: Why does TDD work? Does TDD really work for complex enterprise projects, or is it practically limit to project type?

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  • How to save and load an array of complex numbers using numpy.savetxt?

    - by ptomato
    I want to use numpy.savetxt() to save an array of complex numbers to a text file. Problems: If you save the complex array with the default format string, the imaginary part is discarded. If you use fmt='%s', then numpy.loadtxt() can't load it unless you specify dtype=complex, converters={0: lambda s: complex(s)}. Even then, if there are NaN's in the array, loading still fails. It looks like someone has inquired about this multiple times on the Numpy mailing list and even filed a bug, but has not gotten a response. Before I put something together myself, is there a canonical way to do this?

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  • Designing complex query builders in java/jpa/hibernate

    - by Ramraj Edagutti
    I need to build complex sql queries programatically, based on large filter conditions. For example, below are few sample/hypothitical filter conditions, based on which i need to fetch users Country: india States: Andhra Pradesh(AP), Gujarat(GUJ), karnataka(KTK) Districts: All districts in AP except 3 district, 5 any districts from GUJ, all district from KTK except 1 district Cities: All cities in AP, all cities except few, include only 50 specific cities from KTK Villages: similar conditions like above with varies combinations... Currently, we have a query builder, which is very complex in nature, and not easy to modify/re-factory for improvements. So, thinking of complete re-design of it. Any suggesations on how to build this kind of complex query builders programmatically using some best practices/deisgn patterns?

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  • Figuring our complex REST queries for SharePoint

    - by Sahil Malik
    SharePoint 2010 Training: more information A little while ago, I showed the REST query for a relatively complex query. Some readers have emailed me about how to figure out further queries, and especially for complex insert/delete/update scenarios. Well it is quite easy to figure out almost any query for SharePoint REST API. Okay, this is not just about SharePoint – you can apply what you read here for any REST API interface supported by Microsoft, like WCF data services. But, sometimes when you have many columns, or complex update operations, or are working with weird providers, it is tough to figure out the specific HTTP request you need to craft, error free, using REST. Well fear not, there is hope. As an example, what I did is, I created a SharePoint site at http://sp2010.winsmarts.internal/sampledata with 3 lists in it - 1. Artists (with one Column, Title) Read full article ....

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  • flex and bison: wrong output

    - by user2972227
    I am doing a homework using flex and bison to make a complex number calculator. But my program cannot give a correct output. .lex file: %option noyywrap %{ #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include "complex_cal.h" #define YYSTYPE complex #include "complex_cal.tab.h" void RmWs(char* str); %} /* Add your Flex definitions here */ /* Some definitions are already provided to you*/ ws [ \t]+ digits [0-9] number (0|[1-9]+{digits}*)\.?{digits}* im [i] complexnum {ws}*[-]*{ws}*{number}{ws}*[+|-]{ws}*{number}{ws}*{im}{ws}* op [-+*/()] %% {complexnum} {RmWs(yytext); sscanf(yytext,"%lf %lf",&(yylval.real),&(yylval.img)); return CNUMBER;} {ws} /**/ {op} return *yytext; %% /* function provided to student to remove */ /* all the whitespaces from a string. */ void RmWs(char* str){ int i=0,j=0; char temp[strlen(str)+1]; strcpy(temp,str); while (temp[i]!='\0'){ while (temp[i]==' '){i++;} str[j]=temp[i]; i++; j++; } str[j]='\0'; } .y file: %{ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "complex_cal.h" /* prototypes of the provided functions */ complex complex_add (complex, complex); complex complex_sub (complex, complex); complex complex_mul (complex, complex); complex complex_div (complex, complex); /* prototypes of the provided functions */ int yylex(void); int yyerror(const char*); %} %token CNUMBER %left '+' '-' %left '*' '/' %nonassoc '(' ')' %% /* start: Add your grammar rules and actions here */ complexexp: complexexp '+' complexexpmultidiv {$$=complex_add($1, $3);} | complexexp '-' complexexpmultidiv {$$=complex_sub($1, $3);} | complexexpmultidiv {$$.real=$1.real;$$.img=$1.img;} ; complexexpmultidiv: complexexpmultidiv '*' complexsimple {$$=complex_mul($1, $3);} | complexexpmultidiv '/' complexsimple {$$=complex_div($1, $3);} | complexsimple {$$.real=$1.real;$$.img=$1.img;} ; complexsimple: '(' complexexp ')' {$$.real=$2.real;$$.img=$2.img;} | '(' CNUMBER ')' {$$.real=$2.real;$$.img=$2.img;} ; /* end: Add your grammar rules and actions here */ %% int main(){ return yyparse(); } int yyerror(const char* s){ printf("%s\n", s); return 0; } /* function provided to do complex addition */ /* input : complex numbers c1, c2 */ /* output: nothing */ /* side effect : none */ /* return value: result of addition in c3 */ complex complex_add (complex c1, complex c2){ /* c1 + c2 */ complex c3; c3.real = c1.real + c2.real; c3.img = c1.img + c2.img; return c3; } /* function provided to do complex subtraction */ /* input : complex numbers c1, c2 */ /* output: nothing */ /* side effect : none */ /* return value: result of subtraction in c3 */ complex complex_sub (complex c1, complex c2){ /* c1 - c2 */ complex c3; c3.real = c1.real - c2.real; c3.img = c1.img - c2.img; return c3; } /* function provided to do complex multiplication */ /* input : complex numbers c1, c2 */ /* output: nothing */ /* side effect : none */ /* return value: result of multiplication in c3 */ complex complex_mul (complex c1, complex c2){ /* c1 * c2 */ complex c3; c3.real = c1.real*c2.real - c1.img*c2.img; c3.img = c1.img*c2.real + c1.real*c2.img; return c3; } /* function provided to do complex division */ /* input : complex numbers c1, c2 */ /* output: nothing */ /* side effect : none */ /* return value: result of c1/c2 in c3 */ complex complex_div (complex c1, complex c2){ /* c1 / c2 (i.e. c1 divided by c2 ) */ complex c3; double d; /*divisor calculation using the conjugate of c2*/ d = c2.real*c2.real + c2.img*c2.img; c3.real = (c1.real*c2.real + c1.img*c2.img)/d; c3.img = (c1.img*c2.real - c1.real*c2.img)/d; return c3; } .h file: #include <string.h> /* struct for holding a complex number */ typedef struct { double real; double img; } complex; /* define the return type of FLEX */ #define YYSTYPE complex Script for compiling the file: bison -d -v complex_cal.y flex -ocomplex_cal.lex.yy.c complex_cal.lex gcc -o complex_cal complex_cal.lex.yy.c complex_cal.tab.c ./complex_cal Some correct sample run of the program: input:(5+6i)*(6+1i) output:24.000000+41.000000i input:(7+8i)/(-3-4i)*(5+7i) output:-11.720000-14.040000i input:(7+8i)/((-3-4i)*(5+7i)) output:-0.128108+0.211351i But when I run this program, the program only give an output which is identical to my input. For example, when I input (5+6i)(6+1i), it just gives (5+6i)(6+1i). Even if I input any other things, for example, input "abc" it just gives "abc" and is not syntax error. I don't know where the problem is and I hope to know how to solve it.

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  • Using Lazy<T> and abstract wrapper class to lazy-load complex system parameters

    - by DigiMortal
    .NET Framework 4.0 introduced new class called Lazy<T> and I wrote blog post about it: .Net Framework 4.0: Using System.Lazy<T>. One thing is annoying for me – we have to keep lazy loaded value and its value loader as separate things. In this posting I will introduce you my Lazy<T> wrapper for complex to get system parameters that uses template method to keep lazy value loader in parameter class. Problem with original implementation Here’s the sample code that shows you how Lazy<T> is usually used. This is just sample code, don’t focus on the fact that this is dummy console application. class Program {     static void Main(string[] args)     {         var temperature = new Lazy<int>(LoadMinimalTemperature);           Console.WriteLine("Minimal room temperature: " + temperature.Value);         Console.ReadLine();     }       protected static int LoadMinimalTemperature()     {         var returnValue = 0;           // Do complex stuff here           return true;     } } The problem is that our class with many lazy loaded properties will grow messy if it has all value loading code inside it. This code may be complex for more than one parameter and in this case it is better to use separate class for this parameter. Defining base class for parameters As a first step I will define base class for all lazy-loaded parameters. This class is wrapper around Lazy<T> and it also offers one template method that parameter classes have to override to provide loaded data. public abstract class LazyParameter<T> {     private Lazy<T> _lazyParam;       public LazyParameter()     {         _lazyParam = new Lazy<T>(Load);     }       protected abstract T Load();       public T Value     {         get { return _lazyParam.Value; }     } } It is also possible to extend Lazy<T> but I don’t prefer to do it as Lazy<T> has six constructors we have to take care of. Also I don’t like to expose Lazy<T> public interface to users of my parameter classes. Creating parameter class Now it’s time to create our first parameter class. Notice how few stuff we have in this class besides overridden Load() method. public class MinimalRoomTemperature : LazyParameter<int> {     protected override int Load()     {         var returnValue = 0;           // Do complex stuff here           return returnValue;     } } Using parameter class is simple. Here’s my test code. class Program {     static void Main(string[] args)     {         var parameter = new MinimalRoomTemperature();         Console.WriteLine("Minimal room temperature: " + parameter.Value);         Console.ReadLine();     } } Conclusion Lazy<T> is useful class that you usually don’t want to use outside from API-s. I like this class but I don’t like when people are using this class directly in application code. In this posting I showed you how to use Lazy<T> with wrapper class to get complex parameter loading code out from classes that use this parameter. We ended up with generic base class for parameters that you can also use as base for other similar classes (you have to find better name to base class in this case).

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  • What exactly happens when Complex Script Support is enabled?

    - by Ravi Chhabra
    When we click the check box "Install files for complex script and right to left languages (including Thai)" in Regional and Language settings what exactly happens? Changes to registry keys? I noticed that it installs some .fon files and keyboard dlls. Is this totally necessary if one just wish to read complex script on Windows XP? My test inside VirutalBox as Windows 7 as the host OS seems to indicate that for reading Complex Script need not be enabled. Yet that's not what all the literature on the subject says. What's going on?

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  • Handling Types for Real and Complex Matrices in a BLAS Wrapper

    - by mga
    I come from a C background and I'm now learning OOP with C++. As an exercise (so please don't just say "this already exists"), I want to implement a wrapper for BLAS that will let the user write matrix algebra in an intuitive way (e.g. similar to MATLAB) e.g.: A = B*C*D.Inverse() + E.Transpose(); My problem is how to go about dealing with real (R) and complex (C) matrices, because of C++'s "curse" of letting you do the same thing in N different ways. I do have a clear idea of what it should look like to the user: s/he should be able to define the two separately, but operations would return a type depending on the types of the operands (R*R = R, C*C = C, R*C = C*R = C). Additionally R can be cast into C and vice versa (just by setting the imaginary parts to 0). I have considered the following options: As a real number is a special case of a complex number, inherit CMatrix from RMatrix. I quickly dismissed this as the two would have to return different types for the same getter function. Inherit RMatrix and CMatrix from Matrix. However, I can't really think of any common code that would go into Matrix (because of the different return types). Templates. Declare Matrix<T> and declare the getter function as T Get(int i, int j), and operator functions as Matrix *(Matrix RHS). Then specialize Matrix<double> and Matrix<complex>, and overload the functions. Then I couldn't really see what I would gain with templates, so why not just define RMatrix and CMatrix separately from each other, and then overload functions as necessary? Although this last option makes sense to me, there's an annoying voice inside my head saying this is not elegant, because the two are clearly related. Perhaps I'm missing an appropriate design pattern? So I guess what I'm looking for is either absolution for doing this, or advice on how to do better.

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  • SQLAuthority News – Wireless Router Security and Attached Devices – Complex Password

    - by pinaldave
    In the last four days (April 21-24), I have received calls from friends who told me that they have got strange emails from me. To my surprise, I did not send them any emails. I was not worried until my wife complained that she was not able to find one of the very important folders containing our daughter’s photo that is located in our shared drive. This was alarming in my par, so I started a search around my computer’s folders. Again, please note that I am by no means a security expert. I checked my entire computer with virus and spyware, and strangely, there I found nothing. I tried to think what can cause this happening. I suddenly realized that there was a power outage in my area for about two hours during the days I have mentioned. Back then, my wireless router needed to be reset, and so I did. I had set up my WPA-PSK [TKIP] + WPA2-PSK [AES] very well. My key was very simple ( ‘SQLAuthority1′), and I never thought of changing it. (It is now replaced with a very complex one). While checking the Attached Devices, I found out that there was another very strange computer name and IP attached to my network. And so as soon as I found out that there is strange device attached to my computer, I shutdown my local network. Afterwards, I reconfigured my wireless router with a more complex security key. Since I created the complex password, I noticed that the user is no more connecting to my machine. Subsequently, I figured out that I can also set up Access Control List. I added my networked computer to that list as well. When I tried to connect from an external laptop which was not in the list but with a valid security key, I was not able to access the network, neither able to connect to it. I wasn’t also able to connect using a remote desktop, so I think it was good. If you have received any nasty emails from me (from my gmail account) during the afore-mentioned days, I want to apologize. I am already paying for my negligence of not putting a complex password; by way of losing the important photos of my daughter. I have already checked with my client, whose password I saved in SSMS, so there was no issue at all. In fact, I have decided to never leave any saved password of production server in my SSMS. Here is the tip SQL SERVER – Clear Drop Down List of Recent Connection From SQL Server Management Studio to clean them. I think after doing all this, I am feeling safe right now. However, I believe that safety is an illusion of many times. I need your help and advice if there is anymore I can do to stop unauthorized access. I am seeking advice and help through your comments. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://www.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Security, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • WebGrid Helper and Complex Types

    - by imran_ku07
        Introduction:           WebGrid helper makes it very easy to show tabular data. It was originally designed for ASP.NET Web Pages(WebMatrix) to display, edit, page and sort tabular data but you can also use this helper in ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC. When using this helper, sometimes you may run into a problem if you use complex types in this helper. In this article, I will show you how you can use complex types in WebGrid helper.       Description:             Let's say you need to show the employee data and you have the following classes,   public class Employee { public string Name { get; set; } public Address Address { get; set; } public List<string> ContactNumbers { get; set; } } public class Address { public string City { get; set; } }               The Employee class contain a Name, an Address and list of ContactNumbers. You may think that you can easily show City in WebGrid using Address.City, but no. The WebGrid helper will throw an exception at runtime if any Address property is null in the Employee list. Also, you cannot directly show ContactNumbers property. The easiest way to show these properties is to add some additional properties,   public Address NotNullableAddress { get { return Address ?? new Address(); } } public string Contacts { get { return string.Join("; ",ContactNumbers); } }               Now you can easily use these properties in WebGrid. Here is the complete code of this example,  @functions{ public class Employee { public Employee(){ ContactNumbers = new List<string>(); } public string Name { get; set; } public Address Address { get; set; } public List<string> ContactNumbers { get; set; } public Address NotNullableAddress { get { return Address ?? new Address(); } } public string Contacts { get { return string.Join("; ",ContactNumbers); } } } public class Address { public string City { get; set; } } } @{ var myClasses = new List<Employee>{ new Employee { Name="A" , Address = new Address{ City="AA" }, ContactNumbers = new List<string>{"021-216452","9231425651"}}, new Employee { Name="C" , Address = new Address{ City="CC" }}, new Employee { Name="D" , ContactNumbers = new List<string>{"045-14512125","21531212121"}} }; var grid = new WebGrid(source: myClasses); } @grid.GetHtml(columns: grid.Columns( grid.Column("NotNullableAddress.City", header: "City"), grid.Column("Name"), grid.Column("Contacts")))                    Summary:           You can use WebGrid helper to show tabular data in ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web Forms and  ASP.NET Web Pages. Using this helper, you can also show complex types in the grid. In this article, I showed you how you use complex types with WebGrid helper. Hopefully you will enjoy this article too.  

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  • 100,000 complex structures that are accessed frequently by 100,000 users

    - by Saad
    If you are required to store 100,000 complex structures that are accessed frequently by 100,000 users, which of the following solutions would you use and why? Memcached, In-code python objects, Redis, or a relational database (MySQL). With the little knowledge that I have I think that memcached and In-code python object will not store permanent persistent data. so they don't qualify as the right answer for such a problem. And for complex data structures its best to use Redis. Please correct me if I am wrong.

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  • Sales tracker that allows complex queries?

    - by feklee
    On a site, every click on a product should be registered by a sales tracker: price, type, etc. The sales tracker should provide an API so that complex queries can be performed, such as: Which products of a type "teapot" had a price below 20 EUR? Requirements: Recorded data should be available for querying no later than two hours after it has been recorded. For example, there are reports that Google Analytics may take up to 24h to update data. That is not acceptable. Querying doesn't need to be fast, but recording does (of course). Which sales tracker allows complex queries against collected data?

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  • How to Implement Complex Form Data?

    - by SoulBeaver
    I'm supposed to implement a relatively complex form that looks like follows, but has at least four more pages requiring the user to fill in all necessary information for the tracks: This data will need to be sent to the server, which is implemented using Dropwizard. I'm looking for best practices on how to upload and send such a complex form with potentially dozens of songs to the server. The simplest available solution I have seen is a simple multipart/form-data request with the following form schema (Source): Client <html> <body> <h1>File Upload with Jersey</h1> <form action="rest/file/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <p> Select a file : <input type="file" name="file" size="45" /> </p> <input type="submit" value="Upload It" /> </form> </body> </html> Server @POST @Path("/upload") @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA) public Response uploadTrack(final FormDataMultiPart multiPart) { List<FormDataBodyPart> artists = multiPart.getFields("artist"); StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer(); for (FormDataBodyPart artist : artists) output.append(artist.getValueAs(String.class)); List<FormDataBodyPart> tracks = multiPart.getFields("track"); for (FormDataBodyPart track : tracks) writeToFile(track.getValueAs(InputStream.class), "Foo"); return Response.status(200).entity(output.toString()).build(); } Then I have also read about file uploads via Ajax or Formdata (Mozilla HttpRequest) which allows for Posts in the formats application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data, or text/plain. I don't know which approach, if any, is best. An ideal solution would be to utilize Jackson to convert a json string into my data objects, but I don't get the impression that this is possible with binary data.

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  • Help deciding on language for a complex desktop - web application

    - by user967834
    I'm about to start working on a fairly complex project needing a desktop GUI as well as a web interface and I need to decide on a language(s) to use. This is from an electrical engineering/robotics background. These are the requirements: Program will have to read data from multiple sensors and inputs (motion sensor, temperature sensor, capacitive sensor, infrared, magnetic sensors, etc) through a port on a computer - so either through USB or ethernet. Program will have to be able to send control signals based on this input. Program will have to continuously monitor all input signals at all times - so realtime data. Program will require authentication. Program will need to be controllable from a web interface from anywhere via logging in to a website. Web interface will also need to have realtime feedback once authenticated. What language do you think would best accomplish this? I was thinking maybe saving everything into a database which can be accessed by both the desktop and web app? And would Python be able to do all of this? Or something like a remote desktop app? I know this is a complex project but let's assume I can learn any language. Has anyone done something like this and if so how did you accomplish it?

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  • ILNumerics multiply complex with matrix<double>

    - by nik
    I m looking at ILNumerics to translate some matlab code into c#. How would I multiply a complex and a double? Simplified description: In Matlab: A=[1 2 3] i*A*A' Returns a complex number. How would I do the same in ILNumerics: ILArray<double> A = ILMath.array(1.0, 2.0, 3.0); complex B = complex.i * ILMath.multiply(A,A.T); Throws the error: Operator '*' cannot be applied to operands of type 'ILNumerics.complex' and 'ILNumerics.ILRetArray<double>' Update This works: double C = 14.0; complex D = complex.i * C; But shouldnt: ILMath.multiply(A,A.T) also return 14.0?

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  • Tips for Managing Complex Queries

    There are ways to structure a query that will minimize the complexity while raising confidence in the data returned. This article shares a few techniques that will help simplify the writing of complex queries.

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  • Tool for creating complex paths?

    - by TerryB
    I want to create some fairly complex predefined paths for my AI sprites to follow. I'll need to use curves, splines etc to get the effect I want. Is there a drawing tool out there that will allow me to draw such curves, "mesh" them by placing lots of points along them at some defined density and then output the coordinates of all of those points for me? I could write this tool myself but hopefully one of the drawing packages can do this? Cheers!

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  • Representing complex object dependencies

    - by max
    I have several classes with a reasonably complex (but acyclic) dependency graph. All the dependencies are of the form: class X instance contains an attribute of class Y. All such attributes are set during initialization and never changed again. Each class' constructor has just a couple parameters, and each object knows the proper parameters to pass to the constructors of the objects it contains. class Outer is at the top of the dependency hierarchy, i.e., no class depends on it. Currently, the UI layer only creates an Outer instance; the parameters for Outer constructor are derived from the user input. Of course, Outer in the process of initialization, creates the objects it needs, which in turn create the objects they need, and so on. The new development is that the a user who knows the dependency graph may want to reach deep into it, and set the values of some of the arguments passed to constructors of the inner classes (essentially overriding the values used currently). How should I change the design to support this? I could keep the current approach where all the inner classes are created by the classes that need them. In this case, the information about "user overrides" would need to be passed to Outer class' constructor in some complex user_overrides structure. Perhaps user_overrides could be the full logical representation of the dependency graph, with the overrides attached to the appropriate edges. Outer class would pass user_overrides to every object it creates, and they would do the same. Each object, before initializing lower level objects, will find its location in that graph and check if the user requested an override to any of the constructor arguments. Alternatively, I could rewrite all the objects' constructors to take as parameters the full objects they require. Thus, the creation of all the inner objects would be moved outside the whole hierarchy, into a new controller layer that lies between Outer and UI layer. The controller layer would essentially traverse the dependency graph from the bottom, creating all the objects as it goes. The controller layer would have to ask the higher-level objects for parameter values for the lower-level objects whenever the relevant parameter isn't provided by the user. Neither approach looks terribly simple. Is there any other approach? Has this problem come up enough in the past to have a pattern that I can read about? I'm using Python, but I don't think it matters much at the design level.

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