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  • OpenVPN useradd error

    - by zfz
    I tried to install an OpenVPN access server in Centos 6 on a linode VPS. The installation error occours when adding the user "openvpn". However, the installation is okay for my ubuntu 11.10 distro in another VPS. The error message is "useradd: canot open /etc/passwd" The detail of My "/etc/passwd" file: "-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1194 Oct 9 00:33 /etc/passwd" So how can I add the user "openvpn" to setup the VPN service? Thanks.

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  • Centos mysql version is 5.5 however PHPmyadmin still says version 5.1

    - by Marc Rasmussen
    When i run the following in my console: [root@****~]# mysql -u root -p -e 'SELECT VERSION();' Enter password: +-----------+ | VERSION() | +-----------+ | 5.5.39 | +-----------+ Which should be the correct version. However when i enter my PHPMYADMIN on my server it has the following specs: Server: Localhost via UNIX socket Program: MySQL Programversion: 5.1.73 - Source distribution So which version is the correct one and how do i make sure that the database is running on 5.5? Note I have already restarted sql several times without any changes

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  • Failed to start up after upgrading software in ubuntu 10.10

    - by Landy
    I've been running Ubuntu 10.10 in a physical x86-64 machine. Today Update Manager reminded me that there are some updates to install and I confirmed the action. I should had read the update list but I didn't. I can only remember there is an update about cups. After the upgrading, Update Manager requires a restart and I confirmed too. But after the restart, the computer can't start up. There are errors in the console. Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done. Begin: Mounting root file system ... Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done. [xxx]usb 1-8: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 [xxx]usb 2-1: new full speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 2 [xxx]hub 2-1:1.0: USB hub found [xxx]hub 2-1:1.0: 4 ports detected [xxx]usb 2-1.1: new low speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 3 Gave up waiting for root device. Common probles: - Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline) - Check rootdelay=(did the system wait long enough) - Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?) - Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev) FATAL: Could not load /lib/modules/2.6.35-22-generic/modules.dep: No such file or directory FATAL: Could not load /lib/modules/2.6.35-22-generic/modules.dep: No such file or directory ALERT! /dev/sda1 does not exist. Dropping to a shell! BusyBox v1.15.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.15.3-1ubuntu5) built-in shell(ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands. (initramfs)[cursor is here] At the moment, I can't input anything in the console. The keyboard doesn't work at all. What's wrong? How can I check boot args or "root=" as suggested? How can I fix this issue? Thanks. =============== PS1: the /dev/sda1 is type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev) PS2: the /dev/sda1 can be mounted and accessed successfully under SUSE 11 SP1 x64.

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  • Spanning-Tree and redundant links

    - by Franko
    I have 2 switches which have redundancy between them, meaning fa0/1 on SW1 is connected to fa0/1 on SW2, and fa0/2 on SW1 is connected to fa0/2 on SW2. Both of the switches have the same BID, however the MAC address of SW1 is numerically lower, hence making it the root bridge. Now my question is, on SW2, what determines which of fa0/1 and fa0/2 becomes the RP (Root Port) and the other on blocking state?

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  • Looking for a file-system overlay using LD_PRELOAD

    - by ki.lya.online.fr
    Hi, I'm looking for a shared library that is to be loaded using LD_PRELOAD that would modify the view of the filesystem to the client program. Ideally, I'd like to choose the filesystem root (or use / as root) and to overlay the filesystem by renaming filenames. For example, I might want to tell my program to look for /usr/lib/* in /usr/lib32/* instead. Do you know of such a program ? Thanks.

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  • Enabling Shell colours through Putty SSH

    - by Jon
    I have set a number of configurations in my .bashrc file to set the appearance of shell on my Redhat machine. However, when I login as root using Putty, the colours are not shown. I can enable them again by typing 'su', which simply puts me back to root like I was when I logged into putty, but that isn't exaclty ideal. Is there some configuration file or something I can use to enable shell colours when I login with Putty? Thanks

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  • Open application with lowered privileges

    - by GP89
    I have a mac installer which runs as root with pre and post install bash scripts. At the end of the post install script I launch the application which inherits and opens as root. Is there a way I can lower the permissions back down to the user that ran the installer and then open the app? Or a more hackish way I can set the app to open in some scheduler from the script, which then gets opened by the scheduler which would have the users permissions

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  • Recommended method for routing www to zone apex (naked domain) using AWS Route 53

    - by Dan Christian
    In my AWS Route 53 control panel I simply have 2 A records currently set up for the 'www' and the 'non www' names. Both point to the Elastic IP address associated with my EC2 Instance. This works well and my website is available at both variations but I really want all 'www' to route to the 'non www'. What is the reccomened method, using AWS Route 53, for routing all traffic that comes to... www.example.com to example.com

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  • How to poll the username, when having the UID?

    - by JMW
    we're using ldap with sssd for the usermanagement, so our users are not in the "/etc/passwd" Unfortunately, ps just shows the UIDs: [root@xyz ~]# id jmw uid=1582(jmw) gid=1582(jmw) groups=1582(jmw), 1000(admins) [root@xyz ~]# ps aux [..cutting some output..] 1582 26794 25.0 0.4 190420 38508 ? S 12:15 0:00 /usr/bin/php-cgi -c php.ini [..cutting some output..] How can i poll the username, that belongs to a UID? ( a grep ':1582:' /etc/passwd doesn't work ;-) )

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  • ec2 LAMP REDhat distro change mysql password error

    - by t q
    i am on ec2 plain linux and wish to change my mySQL password ive tried: sudo mysqladmin -u root -p '***old***' password '***new****' then it prompts me to enter password then i enter ***old*** but i keep getting an error message mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)' question: how do i change my current password?

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  • permission errors with python/django

    - by tipu
    Error can be seen here: http://djaffry.selfip.com:8080/ If i go to the folder /srv/twingle/search and do ls -l I get -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 65142784 May 26 20:28 words.db I gave it 777 access (absolutely unsafe, I know, but I thought it would atleast work) any idea what can be the permissions problem? Edit: A very strange problem is that the code doesn't crash once every few refreshes.. then goes back to crashing

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  • Can I get vim to correctly indent this Ruby code (Nokogiri)?

    - by Nathan Long
    The first XML Builder Example for Nokogiri looks like this: builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml| xml.root { xml.products { xml.widget { xml.id_ "10" xml.name "Awesome widget" } } } end puts builder.to_xml Even though I have the Ruby Vim files installed, Vim's autoindent flattens the above example like this: builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml| xml.root { xml.products { xml.widget { xml.id_ "10" xml.name "Awesome widget" } } } end puts builder.to_xml Does anybody know how to get Vim to autoindent this correctly?

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  • tc rules block traffic from some hosts at network

    - by user139430
    I have a problem I can not solve. The script, which sets the rules for traffic shaping is blocking the traffic from some hosts.If I remove all the rules, then it works. I can not understand why? Here is my script... #!/bin/sh cmdTC=/sbin/tc rateLANDl="60mbit" ceilLANDl="60mbit" rateLANUl="40mbit" ceilLANUl="40mbit" quantLAN="1514" # Nowaday bandwidth limit set to 100mbit. # We devide it with 60mbit download and 40mbit upload bandthes. rateHiDl="30mbit" ceilHiDl="60mbit" rateHiUl="20mbit" ceilHiUl="40mbit" quantHi="1514" rateLoDl="30mbit" ceilLoDl="60mbit" rateLoUl="20mbit" ceilLoUl="40mbit" quantLo="1514" devNIF=eth0 devFIF=ifb0 modprobe ifb ip link set $devFIF up 2>/dev/null #exit 0 ################################################################################################ # Remove discuiplines from network and fake interfaces ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devNIF root 2>/dev/null $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devFIF root 2>/dev/null $cmdTC qdisc del dev $devNIF ingress 2>/dev/null if [ "$1" = "down" ]; then exit 0 fi ################################################################################################ # Create discuiplines for network interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF root handle 1:0 htb default 12 # Create classes for network interface $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:0 classid 1:1 htb rate ${rateLANDl} ceil ${ceilLANDl} quantum ${quantLAN} $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate ${rateHiDl} ceil ${ceilHiDl} quantum ${quantHi} $cmdTC class add dev $devNIF parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate ${rateLoDl} ceil ${ceilLoDl} quantum ${quantLo} $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF parent 1:11 handle 111: sfq perturb 10 $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF parent 1:12 handle 112: sfq perturb 10 # Create filters for network interface $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 1:0 u32 match ip dst 10.252.2.0/24 flowid 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 111: handle 111 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024 baseclass 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF protocol all parent 112: handle 112 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024 baseclass 1:12 ################################################################################################ # Create discuiplines for fake interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF root handle 1:0 htb default 12 # Create classes for network interface $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:0 classid 1:1 htb rate ${rateLANUl} ceil ${ceilLANUl} quantum ${quantLAN} $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate ${rateHiUl} ceil ${ceilHiUl} quantum ${quantHi} $cmdTC class add dev $devFIF parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate ${rateLoUl} ceil ${ceilLoUl} quantum ${quantLo} $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF parent 1:11 handle 111: sfq perturb 10 $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devFIF parent 1:12 handle 112: sfq perturb 10 # Create filters for network interface $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 1:0 u32 match ip src 10.252.2.0/24 flowid 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 111: handle 111 flow hash keys src divisor 1024 baseclass 1:11 $cmdTC filter add dev $devFIF protocol all parent 112: handle 112 flow hash keys src divisor 1024 baseclass 1:12 ################################################################################################ # Create redirect discuiplines from network to fake interface ################################################################################################ $cmdTC qdisc add dev $devNIF handle ffff:0 ingress $cmdTC filter add dev $devNIF parent ffff:0 protocol all u32 match u32 0 0 action mirred egress redirect dev $devFIF Here is my /etc/modules: loop ifb ppp_mppe nf_conntrack_pptp nt_conntrack_proto_gre nf_nat_pptp nf_nat_proto_gre The system is Linux wall 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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  • Linux Best Practices

    - by Zac
    I'm a life-long Windows developer switching over to Linux for the first time, and I'm starting off with Ubuntu to ease the learning curve. My new laptop will primarily be a development machine: 6GB RAM, 320 GB HD. I'd like there to be 2 non-root users: (a) Development, which will always be me, and (b) Guest, for anyone else. I assume the root user is added by default, like System Administrator in Windows. (1) I'd like to mount /home to its own partition, but how does this work if I have two user accounts (Development and Guest)? Are there 2 separate /home directories, or do they get shared? Is it possible to allocate more space for Development and only a tiny bit of space for Guest in GRUB2? How?!?! (2) I'm assuming that its okay that all of my development tools (Eclipse & plugins, SVN, JUnit, ant, etc.) and Java will end up getting installed in non-/home directories such as /usr and /opt, but that my Eclipse/SVN workspace will live under my /home directory on a separate partition... any problems, issues, concerns with that? (3) As far as partitioning schemes, nothing too complicated, but not plain Jane either: Boot Partition, 512 MB, in case I want to install other OSes Ubuntu & non-/home file system, 187.5 GB Swap Partition, 12 GB = RAM x 2 /home Partition, 120 GB I don't have any bulky media data (I don't have music or video libraries, this is a lean and mean dev machine) so having 320 GB is like winning the lottery and not knowing what to do with all this space. I figured I'd give a little extra space to the OS/FS partition since I'll be running JEE containers locally and doing a lot of file IO, logging and other memory-instensive operations. Any issues, problems, concerns, suggestions? (4) I was thinking about using ext4; seems to have good filestamping without any space ceiling for me to hit. Any other suggestions for a dev machine? (5) I read somewhere that you need to be careful when you install software as the root user, but I can't remember why. What general caveats do I need to be aware of when doing things (installing packages, making system configurations, etc.) as root vs "Development" user? Thanks!

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  • Remote access to internal machine (ssh port-forwarding)

    - by MacUsers
    I have a server (serv05) at work with a public ip, hosting two KVM guests - vtest1 & vtest2 - in two different private network - 192.168.122.0 & 192.168.100.0 - respectively, this way: [root@serv05 ~]# ip -o addr show | grep -w inet 1: lo inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo 2: eth0 inet xxx.xxx.xx.197/24 brd xxx.xxx.xx.255 scope global eth0 4: virbr1 inet 192.168.100.1/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global virbr1 6: virbr0 inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 # [root@serv05 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr1 xxx.xxx.xx.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 xxx.xxx.xx.62 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 I've also setup IP FORWARDing and Masquerading this way: iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables --append FORWARD --in-interface virbr0 -j ACCEPT All works up to this point. If I want to remote access vtest1 (or vtest2) first I ssh to serv05 and then from there ssh to vtest1. Is there a way to setup a port forwarding so that vtest1 can be accessed directly from the outside world? This is what I probably need to setup: external_ip (tcp port 4444) -> DNAT -> 192.168.122.50 (tcp port 22) I know it's easily do'able using a SOHO router but can't figure out how can I do that on a Linux box. Any help form you guys?? Cheers!! Update: 1 Now I've made ssh to listen to both of the ports: [root@serv05 ssh]# netstat -tulpn | grep ssh tcp 0 0 xxx.xxx.xx.197:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5092/sshd tcp 0 0 xxx.xxx.xx.197:4444 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5092/sshd and port 4444 is allowed in the iptables rules: [root@serv05 sysconfig]# grep 4444 iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4444 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.122.50:22 -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 4444 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4444 -j ACCEPT But I'm getting connection refused: maci:~ santa$ telnet serv05 4444 Trying xxx.xxx.xx.197... telnet: connect to address xxx.xxx.xx.197: Connection refused telnet: Unable to connect to remote host Any idea what's I'm still missing? Cheers!!

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  • Is it possible to resize TrueCrypt partitions?

    - by Bryan
    When I installed Ubuntu on my laptop, I created a large partition on the hard drive to encrypt with TrueCrypt. Turns out I'm not using the amount of space I thought I would be for encrypting data, and I'm running out of space in my root partition. Is it possible to resize a TrueCrypt partition with something like GParted, or will I need to first move everything out of the encrypted partition, blow it away, add some of the newly available space to my existing root partition, and then create a new TrueCrypt partition?

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  • 'Can't convert nil into String' error upon Puppet run

    - by Adrian
    When attempting to use modules copied into the Puppet modules directory, my puppet client returns ' Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: Error 400 on SERVER: can't convert nil in String' errors when connecting to the Puppet master server. [root@puppetmaster modules]# rpm -qa *puppet* puppet-2.7.18-1.el6.noarch puppet-server-2.7.18-1.el6.noarch [root@puppetmaster modules]# uname -sr Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 Code all checks out and is valid. SELinux is turned on.

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  • Use /etc/aliases to send to a mailing-list using sendmail

    - by Pixoo
    I'm trying to configure my Debian (6.0) server to forward emails sent to root to a mailing-list. I set the ML address in /etc/aliases this way: root: [email protected] I then called newaliases. It doesn't work but when I call mail from the command line it works :/ echo "test" | mail -s"test message" [email protected] If I set my own email address in /etc/aliases it's working too. Any idea where it could come from ? Thanks

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  • HOw to enable shell login for particular user in one ip

    - by Master
    I have blocked FTP 21 port on server. NOw every connection will be via SFTP via ssh. Initially i had /etc/hosts.deny -- sshd:all But i had to remove that otherwise sftp was not working. How can i secure my shell login so that if someone login via root or userbac(root previleges) Then i need private key but not for other users Or any other to secure my system Thanks

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  • Serving index.html from a subdirectory

    - by xbonez
    In my document root, I have to directories: home and foobar, both with their own index.html files. How can I set it up so that when someone visits my site at example.com, they see the contents on home/index.html? I tried using an index.php with a redirect in document root, as well as a .htaccess redirect, but both of them change the URL in the browser to example.com/home/, which I would like to ideally avoid.

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  • Automating MySQL configuration with kickstart

    - by Nimmy Lebby
    I've been testing deployment for a website with some virtual servers. I have most of my deployment steps done via kickstart file (package installation and user creation). However, for MySQL I have to: Run mysql_secure_installation (sets up root password, deletes anonymous users, disallows root login remotely, removes test databases) ./ Then, create the website's databases and the database user. I'm not sure if this is possible in kickstart---especially the prompts in mysql_secure_installation. Perhaps someone has some suggestions or examples?

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  • How to start Cygwin's NFS server in read-write mode?

    - by Vi
    Installed Cyginw NFS server. It works. But I can't make it allow writing to the filesystem. Why does it fail? Server: $ cat /etc/exports #/ 10.99.98.2(rw,no_root_squash) /cygdrive/c/foranevia *(rw,no_squash_root,anon_uid=0,anon_gid=0,no_subtree_check) Client: root@vi-notebook:/mnt# mount wpc:/cygdrive/c/foranevia nfs root@vi-notebook:/mnt# mkdir nfs/qqq mkdir: cannot create directory `nfs/qqq': Read-only file system

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