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• How can I recover my system after running 'mkfs' on the system partition?

  - by Filip Podgórny

  I am not a Linux user, and was doing some homework, I blindly typed sudo mkfs ext3 dev/sda2 (I had Ubuntu as Windows installation). I've done few more things, and turned Ubuntu off to switch on Windows back. No operating system installed - this is the message I'm getting. I plugged my HDD onto another computer and all my files are still there. What should I do to get my windows installation back? df -l (before mkfs) /dev/loop0 29G 2,0G 27G 8% / udev 3,0G 4,0K 3,0G 1% /dev tmpfs 1,2G 900K 1,2G 1% /run none 5,0M 0 5,0M 0% /run/lock none 3,0G 1,3M 3,0G 1% /run/shm /dev/sda3 455G 123G 333G 27% /host /dev/sdb1 1,9G 820M 1,1G 43% /media/PHONE CARD mkfs output (polish, sorry) mke2fs 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) Etykieta systemu plików= Typ OS: Linux Rozmiar bloku=1024 (log=0) Rozmiar fragmentu=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 bloków, szerokosc Stripe=0 bloków 25688 i-wezlów, 102400 bloków 5120 bloków (5.00%) zarezerwowanych dla superuzytkownika Pierwszy blok danych=1 Maksymalna liczba bloków systemu plików=67371008 13 grup bloków 8192 bloków w grupie, 8192 fragmentów w grupie 1976 i-wezlów w grupie Kopie zapasowe superbloku zapisane w blokach: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729 Zapis tablicy i-wezlów: zakonczono Tworzenie kroniki (4096 bloków): wykonano Zapis superbloków i podsumowania systemu plików: wykonano Ten system plików bedzie automatycznie sprawdzany co kazde 30 montowan lub co 180 dni, zaleznie co nastapi pierwsze. Mozna to zmienic poprzez tune2fs -c lub -i.

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• Tracking down source of duplicate email messages in Outlook / Exchange environment

  - by Ken Pespisa

  I have a few users, who are also Blackberry users, that occasionally have duplicate emails generated from their "mailbox". I put mailbox in quotes because I'm not exactly sure where the duplicates are created. One of these users is in non-cached mode, and the other is in cached mode, and both experience the problem. In fact, the non-cached mode user was originally experiencing the problem while in cached mode, and I made the switch a few weeks ago to attempt to solve the problem. Today I discovered the issue still exists. I'm not sure if the fact that they are blackberry users could be causing the problem at all. I don't see how, but felt I should mention it anyway. Does anyone have ideas on how I might begin to troubleshoot this? I can see in the non-cached user's mailbox "Sent Items" that the message was sent only once. I confirmed the message does not state that there was a conflict and in fact that makes sense because they are in non-cached mode. On the server, we have a mail journaling feature turned on for our third-party mail archiving system, and I can see that that system sees two sent messages. And likewise, the recipient does in fact have two messages in their inbox with consecutive message IDs ([email protected]) and ([email protected]). It would seem to me that the duplicates are generated on the client, but is there a way to tell for sure?

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• Optical Audio out stuck on on a MacBook

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Apple have made an interesting headphone port for the MacBook (and some other Intel Mac models). It works like a standard jack: nothing plugged in - audio comes out of built-in speakers headphones/external speakers plugged in - plays through headphones/external speakers but you can also use a special adapter (which trips a tiny microswitch) to get an optical audio out signal (which you can presumably plug into a nice surround-sound system). This is all well and good except when, like auto-tracking, it doesn't work, and you are left with nothing to adjust. Users report that they get no sound when they have nothing plugged in and that a red light emanates from the headphone port. If you go to System Preferences - Sound - Output, it will say (IIRC) "Optical Out" instead of "Internal Speakers". The only solution I'm aware of is to try to reset the switch by inserting and removing a set of headphones or a toothpick, perhaps wiggling it inside of the port, and hoping that you luck out and get it. Are there other ways to fix this problem? Does anyone know where the microswitch is or have a good technique to reset it?

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• Prevent Exchange Server from advertising itself on domain

  - by Justin Shin

  I'm in the middle of setting up an Exchange 2010 Server. Currently, we use a SaaS provider for Exchange 2007 services. Some (but not all) of my users have been reporting that they are receiving Outlook/Exchange login prompts to login to the new Exchange server. This is happening without any intervention on the client's machines. The Exchange server is a member of the domain and connects to the domain site remotely through a site-to-site VPN. What can I do to prevent these login prompts from appearing? Will shutting down the new server until it is time to switch resolve these issues? A little more info: I found that on one of the client computers, all of the settings for Outlook over HTTP had been changed (automatically) from webmail.provider.com to mail.company.com (the latter being the new server). This happened when I enabled Outlook Anywhere access on Exchange 2010. I changed the client's settings back, and everything was groovy. But, when I disabled Outlook Anywhere again, the logon prompt came back.

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• How to open semicolon delimited CSV-files in US-version of Excel

  - by Holgerwa

  When I double-click on a .csv file, it is opened in Excel. The csv-files have columns delimited with semicolons (not commas, but also a valid format). Using a German Windows/Excel setup, the opened file is displayed correctly, the columns are separated where the semicolons existed in the csv-file. But when I do the same on an (US-) English Windows/Excel setup, only one column is imported, showing the whole data including the semicolons in the first column. (I don't have an English setup available for tests, users have reported the behavior) I tried to change the list separator value in Windows regional settings, but that didn't change anything. What can I do to be able to double-click-open those CSV-files on an English setup? EDIT: It seems to be the best solution not to rely on CSV-files in this case. I was hoping that there is some formatting for CSV-files that makes it possible to use them internationally. The best solution seems that I'll switch to creating XLS-files. Thanks to all for your suggestions and helpful tips!

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• PC freezes after repeated clicking noises

  - by Péter Török

  I have an oldish PC (Athlon XP 2200, WinXP). Every time I switch it on, I hear a loud "click" first of all, and when it is shut down, again a click is the last sound I hear. Lately it started to behave erratically: it started to click loudly in the middle of a session. First only once in a while, then repeatedly for several seconds in a row, and finally it froze completely. We were not doing anything particular during these times, usually just browsing the web. This has already happened twice in a few week's time period. We typically use it only in the evenings, so when the freeze happened, I just decided it is time for the bed. When it was started up the next day, everything looked fine. Any hints on what could be the culprit? Could it be caused by an ageing heat fan, or dust that has accumulated inside the case? We are backing up all the data stored on it, and then will open the case to look inside, but I thought it would be good to get some background info first of all.

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• How to make multiple Excel files open in ONE window/instance of Excel 2003 in Win 7

  - by Mark

  I'm running Excel 2003 on my new Windows 7 machine. (There is also a Excel 2010 starter pre installed that I do not use). I'm a heavy user of Excel. I use it all day every day. I often have 10 or 15 sheets open and once and many of them have cell references to each other. I also have a macro file that keeps all my short cuts. On my old W2K machine when I clicked on a .xls file or a shortcut to one to it would open that file in the existing instance of Excel. This is as it should be. I would have many files open, in only one "window" or instance of Excel. All the files could interact with each other, the cross file lookups worked, my macros worked and I could switch between workbooks with CTRL Tab or CTRL F6, I could move tabs from one workbook to another. On the new W7 machine clicking on an icon opens a NEW INSTANCE of Excel every time. This is terribly frustrating. None of my connecting spreadsheets work anymore. My macros don't work. I can't connect files, I can't move tabs. I'm stuck. I can't do my work! I can still open files in one instance by doing a CTRL-O and navigating, but I need to my files to work on a click. I'm guessing this is a flaw in the registry files, possibly because of the starter Excel 2010 that came preloaded on my new machine. Can you walk me through a registry edit to fix this bug? Is there an easier way than a registry edit?

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• Redis as substitution for Memcache

  - by Boban P.

  We have distributed web app, and for now, as session handler, we use two separate instances of memcache in redundancy, so everything that is written in one memcache is also written in other. Memcache is fairly easy to install, use, and maintain but we have one problem: if one memcache fail, everything is fine, php comunicate with other instance which has all data (although, half of connections have a delay because they try to use failed one, wait a little, and then contact other memcache). When failed instance comes back to life again, it starts up empty. If established session request data from that instance, session fails, and user logs out, and that happens to half of users.So, we are thinking about to switch to redis for session handling, and maybe keep memcache for cache only. My questions are: If we setup redis instances as master-slave, and if master fails, can sentinel promote slave as new master and when old master comes back to life, will it stay as slave or not? Is redis call malloc at startup to allocate part of memory, like memcache or varnish, or it calls malloc for every key inserted? And what are pros and cons of that?

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• How to unblacklist an IP at Google?

  - by DJRayon

  I own a small business with two servers for webhosting. When setting up the primary (CentOS 5.5 + WHM, secondary is WHM DNS Only) server I kinda messed up the firewall, so the hackers could send stuff from my server. My primary IP is x.y.29.218. Anyway - I got blacklisted in several places, but now those blacklistings are gone. For a week or so, but Google still has my IP blacklisted. I handling serious damages because of that. Many clients want to switch from my hosting, etc. I've fixed the hole with CSF firewall SMTP_BLOCK option and enabled also the WHM SMTP TEAK Currently all I see from the Main Email View Mail Statistics (Errors section) in WHM is rows and rows of the following message removed-the-email-address-for-security R=lookuphost T=remote_smtp: SMTP error from remote mail server after end of data: host aspmx.l.google.com [a.b.39.27]: 550-5.7.1 [x.y.29.218 1] Our system has detected an unusual rate of\n550-5.7.1 unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our\n550-5.7.1 users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been blocked.\n550-5.7.1 Please visit http://www.google.com/mail/help/bulk_mail.html to review\n550 5.7.1 our Bulk Email Senders Guidelines. h24si3868764fas.171 What are my options? I have one IP free. How can I configure Exim to send mail from that IP? My brain is like constantly blowing up because of this problem. Please someone, who has any knowledge how to deal with the current situation, please give me some kind of help - any help, suggestions, etc. I've tried everything I know, and I still don't know much, because this is the first time (I just started to webhost, etc) I deal with real physical servers not some kind of pre-setup VPS solution. Many - many thanks, whoever has time to offer some help.

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• Fast distributed filesystem for a large amounts of data with metadata in database

  - by undefined hero

  My project uses several processing machines and one storage machine. Currently storage organized with a MSSQL filetable shared folder. Every file in storage have some metadata in database. Processing machines executes tasks for which they needed files from storage and their metadata. After completing task, processing machine puts resulting data back in storage. From there its taken by another processing machine, which also generates some file and put it back in storage. And etc. Everything was fine, but as number of processing machines increases, I found myself bottlenecked myself with storage machines hard drive performance. So I want processing machines to put files in distributed FS. to lift load from storage machines, from which they can take data from each other, not only storage machine. Can You suggest a particular distributed FS which meets my needs? Or there is another way to solve this problem, without it? Amounts of data in FS in one time are like several terabytes. (storage can handle this, but processors cannot). Data consistence is critical. Read write policy is: once file is written - its constant and may be only removed, but not modified. My current platform is Windows, but I'm ready to switch it, if there is a substantially more convenient solution on another one.

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• Increse gap (pause) between songs

  - by holms

  Hello, I googled a lot before asking. This is really a problem. I know that there's an option in preference to switch off cross fading, but this is not what I want to do. Cross fading doesn't add any gap at all. If there's no gap between two songs, so you won't hear any. I need a real GAP between song, I mean a REAL pause about 2 seconds. Why? My MD player can't handle songs if there are no gaps in line input. Even with 1 second gap MD records 2 songs as 1. Is there any software that can increase the gap in the playlist? I know that Winamp has a plugin for putting pauses between songs. Is there anything for iTunes or Mac OS X? Another work around is to add a 2 sec MP3 between each song in the playlist but this is really killing me to do. I'm more on lossless stuff, so .CUE files would be an option too (using XLD for converting)

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• How to restore windows.old for windows 7

  - by Jim Thio

  I reinstall windows. Then I regret that and want to go back. Fortunately the old windows is stored at windows.old I follow the instruction in http://support.microsoft.com/kb/971760 I did it all with small catches When I insert the windows 7 installer, the drive for installer is X and my hard disk is D rather than C. However, on normal windows operation the drive is C. Only when I boot through CD the partition is assigned to the letter D. There is no file bootsect on my windows installer So I can't do **D:\boot\bootsect /nt60 c:** Which should be changed to X:\boot\bootsect /nt60 C: or X:\boot\bootsect /nt60 D: depending on what it really does. As I said if I boot through windows dvd my hard disk letter is D but normally it's C. I am not even sure what that bootsect does anyway. I also can't do this one Attrib –h –s –r boot.ini.saved Copy boot.ini.saved boot.ini There is no file boot.ini or boot.ini.saved It's hidden but I don't see it if I try to look unhidden files either. Because I simply switch from windows 7 to windows 7 and the directory for windows don't change c:\windows I thought it should still work. Well, it doesn't. When windows restart it only goes to the logo and then restart the computer.

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• Tri-head linux system with Xmonad: is it possible to have HW acceleration

  - by progo

  What means there exists to have three monitors, all controlled by Xmonad and have hardware 3D acceleration as well? I had the pleasure of using three monitors earlier this year, and while Xmonad and Xinerama handle three monitors easily, I had to throw in an extra display driver, and also let go of Nvidia's own TwinView (which is a hack on Xinerama). This left me with no HW acceleration and some flickering as double buffering wouldn't work with certain applications. However, the three monitors handle so beautifully that I had hard time coming back to two. I understand the easiest way to achieve HW-accelerated tri-head combo is to split into two Xorgs. I wouldn't be able to switch windows between the Xorgs, so I'm not really into this solution. What's more, having a cheap and old PCI card along with even slightly better PCIe seemed to slow things down. Even if I occasionally disabled the third monitor from Xorg configure, I couldn't get HW acceleration to work. Only after I physically disconnected the old PCI card, I could get the games back in business. Would a Matrox Dual/Tri-head2go and a powerful Nvidia GPU do the trick? I understand Xmonad can be configured to "believe" that a "single" (as Dualhead2Go will merge) 3360x1050 display is actually two different ones? So that Xmonad's Mod-w and Mod-e would work properly there.

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• ports only available from the outside network

  - by ChrisJ

  This is a counter-intuitive problem for me. I have a new Win 2003 server on a static IP address w.x.y.z. Tomcat 7, PostgreSQL 9.1, and Subversion are installed. All of it appears to be working fine from the server itself. We can also access the Tomcat manager, web applications, and run "svn ls svn://w.x.y.z/" from outside our network. However, when I try from another machine in the office, phpPgAdmin and svn cannot establish connections with the server. http://w.x.y.z:5432/phppgadmin cannot connect. The svn command from above returns: svn: E730061: Unable to connect to a repository at URL 'svn://w.x.y.z/' svn: E730061: Can't connect to host 'w.x.y.z': No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it. Tomcat manager and the other web apps we have deployed work fine. Netstat -a from the server shows this: Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP SERVERNAME:3690 SERVERNAME:0 LISTENING TCP SERVERNAME:5432 SERVERNAME:0 LISTENING Windows Firewall was off, but just in case I also tried to enable it and open ports 3690 (svn) and 5432 (postgres). No change. I don't have access to the router/switch because it just doesn't work that way in Port-au-Prince and our sysadmin is on R&R. Is there anything that might be causing the problem from the server side?

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• PC won't PXE boot to WDS/MDT with Dell Optiplex 755

  - by Moman10

  I am trying to set up a basic MDT solution. I have set one up in the past at a previous job and it worked flawlessly, however here I'm running into a problem and am having no luck getting around it. I've installed Windows Server 2012 and MDT 2013, along with adding on the WDS role. I haven't configured much outside of the defaults for WDS, basically just set PXE response to respond to all clients (and unchecked admin approval). This machine does not run a DHCP server. I looked on the DHCP scope of our DHCP server, it shows options 66/67 checked and the server name of the WDS server is in there as well. I didn't add this but I assume it was put on during the install process (I believe I had to manually make some adjustments at my old job for this). The PC I have is a Dell Optiplex 755. I have enabled the onbard NIC w/PXE boot option in BIOS and attempted to boot. I get a "TFTP...." error but nothing offering out a DHCP address like I'm used to. In my previous job it pretty much worked right out of the box. I've verified that PortFast is enabled on the port and I've tried a couple different PCs (but both are the same model, only model I have to work with). No matter what, I get the same error. The subnet the PC is in is a different subnet than where the WDS server is sitting, but there are IP helper statements on the switch and the PCs can get regular DHCP addresses just fine from the DHCP server, just doesn't seem to get offered out a PXE boot option. I don't know if the problem is a configuration with the server or the PC itself...but after a few days of Googling I'm running out of ideas. Does anyone have a good idea of something it may be?

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• Annoying trackpad freeze on MacBook [solved]

  - by Hafthor

  NOTE: Question marked answered because it was forced after being put up for bounty. Actual solution was to have Apple repair it. Trackpad usually works, but sometimes stops responding for around 5 seconds and then suddenly starts working again. Seems to happen when I switch between typing and moving + button-clicking and also when I do a lot of double-clicking. Tried turning off the "Ignore accidental trackpad input". Apple replaced the keyboard/mouse under warranty. Problem remains. Any ideas? Edit: White non-unibody Late-2008 13" MacBook - fully up-to-date OS. Doesn't seem to matter if it is plugged in or not. Edit: Updated to Snow Leopard - seems to have made it worse. Edit: Applying even a little pressure to the left palm rest creates this condition. Apple replaced the top case again and this time it seems to have fixed it. Although, it looks like they may have added a spacer on the left palm rest to "fix" it.

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• NoMachine NX window closes after establishing connection

  - by blackicecube

  I am trying to use nomachine nx server and client. But somehow it doen't work. What happens is the following: Client starts up Client authenticates with Server The NoMachine window appears for 2-4 seconds The NoMachine window exists Somehow a "closeEvent" is sent. Here's what I see in the log file: [Thu Sep 24 11:20:37 2009]: Starting nxcomp with options: 'NX 299 Switch connection to: NX mode: unencrypted options: nx/nx,options=/home/foo/.nx/S-adnws029-1022-7EEF1367361DB2A7F4D9F76B06F4B434/options:1022'. [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor: opened file: [/home/foo/.nx/S-adnws029-1022-7EEF1367361DB2A7F4D9F76B06F4B434/session] [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog::ShowConnectionStatus code=[246] str=[Initializing X protocol compression] error=[0] [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: ProgressDialog::printNxStatus: [Initializing X protocol compression] [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog::ShowConnectionStatus code=[247] str=[Established the display connection] error=[0] [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: ProgressDialog::printNxStatus: [Established the display connection] [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: slotAgentTimer [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: QClipboard: Unknown SelectionClear event received. [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: slotAgentTimer [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: Agent found closing windows... [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: setting automatic reconnection to true. [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: Settings::flush [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: Settings::flush [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: closeEvent received! [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: NXFileMonitor::readData [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog::destructor called begin [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: stopAllTimers [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog: stopProgressTimer [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: Utility::getPreferencesFile: 'nxclient' - '/home/foo/.nx/config/nxclient.cfg' [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: Settings::flush [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: Called destructor for protocol class [Thu Sep 24 11:20:38 2009]: LoginDialog::destructor called end Anyone with a helpful idea?

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• What are the most important aspects to consider when choosing a SAN for a small office virtualizatio

  - by Prof. Moriarty

  I am in the process of consolidating 6 physical servers running 6 different operating system flavors (don't ask) into two identical physical servers (Dell PowerEdge 2900), using the free VMware ESXi 4.0 platform. We will install an iSCSI SAN over a 1GbE network, and store all virtual machine images on the SAN. Each physical server would run 3 VMs, and in the case of a physical server failure, we would manually switch over the other 3. These are all internal servers, while important, they can tolerate some amount of downtime (say <1h) to keep cost and complexity associated with HA down. I now need to choose the SAN to be used for the setup, on a low budget. We currently have about 2TB of data, but of course I want to able to grow, do backups of VM snapshots on other drives and remove them to a different location, etc. So what I would like to know is: Which are the must have features for this setup, without which using a SAN is not worth it? We are mostly a Dell shop, so I have been looking at the EqualLogic PS4000E High Availability model. Any opinions, anecdotes, bad experiences with this model? (This is one of the few models which could accomodate our existing disks from the physical servers.) If you can recommend something that is not Dell, but it has better value, I would most definitely consider it. Caveats, things to look out for?

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• DAS vs SAN storage for serving 2 to 4 nodes

  - by Luke404

  We currently have 4 Linux nodes with local storage, arranged in two active/passive pairs with storage mirrored using DRBD, running virtual machines (actually using Xen Hypervisor) for typical hosting workloads (mail, web, a couple VPS, etc.). We're approaching the (presumed) maximum IOPS of those servers, and we're planning to migrate to an external storage solution with two active nodes, with capacity for up to four active nodes. Since we're an all-Dell shop I've done some research and found the MD3200 / MD3200i products should be the ones we're looking for. We are pretty sure we won't be attaching more than 4 hosts on a single storage and I'm wondering if there is any clear advantage for one or the other. In theory I should be able to attach 4 SAS hosts to a single MD3200 (single links on a single controller MD3200, or dual redundant SAS links from each host to a dual-controller MD3200), or 4 iSCSI hosts to a single MD3200i (directly on its 4 GigE ports without any switch, again with dual links for the dual controller option). Both setups should let us implement live VM migration since all hosts can access all the LUNs at the same time, and also some shared filesystem like GFS2 or OCFS2. Also, both setups should allow full redundancy of the whole system (assuming dual controllers in the storage). One difference I can see is that the DAS solution is actually limited to 4 hosts while the iSCSI one should be able to grow to more hosts (adding two GigE switches to the mix). One point for the iSCSI solution is that it would allow us to start out with our current nodes and upgrade them at a later time (we can't add other SAS controllers, but they already have 4 GigE ports each). With the right (iSCSI|SAS) controllers I should be able to connect diskless nodes and boot them off the external storage which I think is a good thing (get rid of any local storage). On the other hand, I would have thought the SAS one to be cheaper but it seems like an MD3200 actually costs a little less than an MD3200i (?) (please note: I've used Dell gear in my examples since that's what we're looking for but I assume the same goes with other vendors) I would like to know if my assumptions above are correct, and if I'm missing any important difference between the two setups.

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• How do I setup routing for 2 companies with different Internet connections on the same LAN?

  - by Clint Miller

  Here's the setup: 2 companies (A & B) share office space and a LAN. A 2nd ISP is brought in and company A wants it's own Internet connection (ISP A) and company B wants it's own Internet connection (ISP B). VLANs are deployed internally to separate the 2 company's networks (company A: VLAN 1, company B: VLAN 2, shared VOIP: VLAN 3). With separate VLANs it's simple enough to use separate DHCP servers (or separate scopes on the same server) to assign the default gateway to each company's gateway for their Internet connection. Static routes can be created on each gateway to point traffic destined for the other company's VLAN or the voice VLAN so that all nodes are reachable as expected. However, I think this is a form of asymmetrical routing, right? (The path from node A1 to node B1 is not the same as the path back from node B1 to node A1). Can I setup policy-based routing to correct this? In that case, can I assign the same default gateway to every device on all VLANs and create a routing policy on a L3 switch to look at the source address and forward traffic to the appropriate next hop? In that case, I want the routing logic to go like this: If the destination address is known, forward the traffic (traffic destined for a different VLAN). If the destination address is unknown, forward the traffic to ISP A's gateway if the source address is on VLAN A; or forward the traffic to ISP B's gateway if the source address is VLAN B. Am I thinking about this problem in the correct way? Is there another way to solve this problem that I am overlooking?

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• How can you connect to a SQL Server not on your domain?

  - by scotty2012

  I have a test machine that's not allowed on our domain because we are testing corporately unsupported applications (SQL 2008 and Server 2008). I want to use management studio to connect to the SQL2008 server but can't get it working. I have authentication set to mixed-mode, I've checked 'allow remote connections to this server', but when I try to access it, I get the error A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 53) Since it says the provider is Named Pipes, I enabled Named Pipes on the server, but still no dice. I've tried connecting to the system name, the IP, the system name\instance and IP\instance, all to no avail. Is what I'm trying to do not possible? Edit: Well, through some basic troubleshooting, I've found that I can't ping the server from my client computer, but I can ping the client computer from the server? They are both plugged into the same switch, and are sitting next to each other. The windows firewall on the server is turned on, is there some specific settings I need to enable? DAH! So it was the firewall blocking me. How can I enable the firewall and still connect?

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• How to troubleshoot when one has no idea where to start?

  - by Chris Walton

  I am looking for hints, tips and answers on how to get started on troubleshooting when: The problem is intermittent The problem could lie literally anywhere - operating system; free source software; my own software developments; purchased software; crumbs on the keyboard; the specific combination of software I am currently running; Maxwell's demon; the little blue men actually running the machine have gone on strike; etc. I have expertise only in a few of the areas that are potential candidates for the cause of the problem. The specific problem I am having is detailed below as an example, but I am not seeking answers to my current problem, but rather where and how to start on tackling such problems. I am currently encountering a problem with my new machine. On a few occasions the machine has just frozen; not accepting keystrokes, mouseclicks, or anything except the power on/off switch. Invariably I have been merely browsing the web; I have had a few (<= 6 other applications) running. None of these applications are major; and represent a mix of commercial programs and open source programs, typically migrated from Unix of some variety. My machine is a Windows 7 I7 quad core laptop.

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• Changing Corosync/Heartbeat pair's active node based on MySQL/Galera cluster state

  - by Hace

  Background I'm planning on building a High Availability "cluster" for our Zabbix instance by placing two physical servers in one server room and two in another server room. In each server room one of the physical servers will run Zabbix on RHEL and the other will run Zabbix's MySQL database, also on RHEL. I'd prefer synchronous replication for the MySQL nodes so I'm planning on using Galera in a master-slave configuration. The Zabbix instances on the two Zabbix servers would be controlled by Heartbeat/Corosync (although Red Hat Cluster Suite is also an option...) If the Zabbix server in Server Room A goes down, the one in Server Room B becomes active (and vice versa). Ditto for the MySQL servers/instances. If either of those cases happen, however, the connection between the Zabbix server and the MySQL server becomes significantly slower as ti has to travel over WAN. Question Is it possible to configure the Heartbeat/CoroSync pair to instruct the MySQL/Galera cluster to change the master node to switch to (if available) the one that's in the server room as the active Heartbeat/Corosync -node and (more challengingly) is it possible to do the same in the other direction, i.e have the Galera cluster change the active Heartbeat/CoroSync server to be in the same room as the active MySQL master server in case of a failover in over to avoid unnecessary WAN transfers between the application and its DB? Theories Most likely I can get CoroSync to run something that'd log in to one of the DB nodes to change the MySQL/Galera master but I don't know if it's really possible to do anything similar in the other direction in Galera. Is it possible to define a "service" in CoroSync/Heartbeat so that both the service and its MySQL service would migrate as one if possible. Using the DB server that's behind WAN should still be a better option to DB downtime. Am I just using too many tools to solve a problem that'd be far simpler with something else?

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• XP Pro freezes on welcome screen

  - by Peter B

  I have a problem that sounds much the same as http://superuser.com/questions/83101/how-to-diagnose-a-freeze-on-startup-in-windows-xp About every 2nd or 3rd boot, XP-Pro freezes on the Welcome page (the one showing the user name icons). The mouse moves the cursor OK, but clicking on an icon does nothing, and neither does any keystroke. If you press too many keys there is a beep and after that the mouse won't move the cursor anymore. The work-around is always to reboot into Safe mode and request a CHKDSK /R After this, the next boot is fine. There are no related entries in the Event log when the problem occurs. The only two entries are: "Microsoft (R) Windows (R) 5.01. 2600 Service Pack 3 Multiprocessor Free." "The Event log service was started." Update 1: Many thanks for that but I found no problems with any diagnostics I have run. But, I have managed to locate, and code round, the source of the problem - which is with whatever processing goes on behind the XP Welcome (as opposed to "classic") login screen. Unfortunately, having classic login means you don't get the useful Fast User Switching (FUS) login/switch mode. So, to retain this, my fix is: Add a Windows shutdown script (using gpedit.msc) to force "classic" mode for the first logon after next XP startup, by running: reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v LogonType /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f Add a Scheduled Task to run at User Logon that enables Welcome screen (and hence FUS) by running the same command with 1 instead of 0 after the /d flag. The task is run as a privileged user (who can run "reg add").

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• Is USB supported in safe mode on XP?

  - by Hugh Allen

  According Microsoft, "Universal Serial Bus Devices Do Not Work in Safe Mode" under XP. However, in my testing this is incorrect. USB keyboards, mice and flash drives seem to work fine in safe mode (I made sure the BIOS was not providing support). This makes sense because a failure of a standard input device would be, in Microsoft parlance, a "bad user experience". So, Is USB supported in safe mode on XP? If your answer is no (agreeing with Microsoft), please provide a test case, preferably in a virtual machine, where a standard HID keyboard or mouse fails. Please state hardware / BIOS / OS configuration. Note that you will need a PS/2 keyboard attached in addition to your USB device(s) in order to use the boot menu. Virtual machine software usually emulates a PS/2 keyboard. Alternatively, you could add the /safeboot switch to boot.ini. If your answer is yes, please provide a link to some supporting documentation (either from Microsoft or someone authoritative). Your answer might be "devices X, Y and Z are supported but nothing else", in which case also give a link.

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