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• What are the features of dynamic languages (like Ruby or Clojure) which you are missing in Scala?

  - by Alexey

  When you choose to program in dynamic languages you sacrifice performance, some IDE capabilities and compile-type checks in favour of flexibility. So what you practically lose when you choose stytic-typed langauge like Scala (or F#, Haskell, C#) instead of dynamic ones (which has macros or runtime metaprogramming capabilities)?

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• How does a hard drive compare to Flash memory working as a hard drive in terms of speed?

  - by Jian Lin

  Some experiment I did with hard drive read/write speed was 10MB/s write and 40MB/s read, and with a USB Flash drive, it can be 5MB/s write and 10MB/s read. Also, if I put a virtual hard drive .vhd file in a hard drive or in a USB Flash drive and try a Virtual Machine using it, the one using the hard drive is quite fast, while the one using the USB Flash drive is close to not usable. So I wonder some early netbooks use 4GB or 8GB flash memory as the hard drive, and even the Apple Mac Air has an option of using flash memory instead of a hard drive. But in those situation, will the speed be slower than using a hard drive, like in the case of a USB Flash drive?

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• How do I make kdump use a permissible range of memory for the crash kernel?

  - by Philip Durbin

  I've read the Red Hat Knowledgebase article "How do I configure kexec/kdump on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5?" at http://kbase.redhat.com/faq/docs/DOC-6039 and http://prefetch.net/blog/index.php/2009/07/06/using-kdump-to-get-core-files-on-fedora-and-centos-hosts/ The crashkernel=128M@16M kernel parameter works fine for me in a RHEL 6.0 beta VM, but not on the RHEL 5.5 hosts I've tried. dmesg shows me: Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range disabling kdump Here's the line from grub.conf: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.3.1.el5 ro root=/dev/md2 console=ttyS0,115200 panic=15 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M How do I make kdump use a permissible range of memory for the crash kernel?

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• What solutions do I have to enforce memory limit on PHP server?

  - by Zulgrib

  I would like to enforce memory limit on a folder basis (and have it applied on subfolders) but I don't want the user able to change the memory limit. I know I can disable ini_set and I know I can enforce a hard limit or deny ini_set with Suhosin. With the first one, I doubt it will block changing it from the user.ini file, for the second, the user may still be able to change it to the hard limit I enforce with Suhosin. In both cases, I would prefer to not entierly block ini_set because it may have a legit use for other settings. In case it is important, I'm using PHP version 5.4.4 with nginx (PHP in FPM mode)

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• how much more memcache memory do i need to get 95% hit ratio? [on hold]

  - by OneSolitaryNoob

  I have a memcache instance running that has a 90% hit ratio. How can I estimate how much more memory it needs to get to a 95% hit ratio? edit: This question was blocked, but I do not think this is impossible to answer. After all, anyone that's used a caching system HAS answered this question, most likely with trial&error&luck. I can look at my usage patterns. I can increase or decrease memory and see how hit rate changes. Both of these provide data that informs an estimate. But what's a good/better/best way to do this?

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• Small 64-bit linux server distro with low memory footprint?

  - by djangofan

  I am looking for a linux server distro with a low memory footprint. I usually use Ubuntu but I need something with a smaller footprint in order to run a large Java JVM service inside of it and also run X-windows. Any ideas? The Java service needs to handle a 3GB memory heap and so I require a 64-bit OS and JRE. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%5Fof%5FLinux%5Fdistributions I am thinking that ArchLinux is the only one that I can find right now. It uses 250MB out of the box (without X-win). Any better suggestions?

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• mysql 5.1 - innodb - query_cache_size - 9,418,108 queries have been removed from the query cache due to lack of memory

  - by Tom C

  Currently running on a 16GB system - Ubuntu 64 bit. INnodb Buffer Pool is set to 10GB. tuning-primer shows the following: QUERY CACHE Query cache is enabled Current query_cache_size = 512 M Current query_cache_used = 501 M Current query_cache_limit = 4 M Current Query cache Memory fill ratio = 97.87 % Current query_cache_min_res_unit = 4 K However, 9418108 queries have been removed from the query cache due to lack of memory Perhaps you should raise query_cache_size That is over 9million queries removed. System uptime is 8 days. Should I remove the Query Cache altogether? Our db is always under heavy I/O. tia

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• Is there anyway that I can set the 'real' memory usage value while running my java code?

  - by vira

  I'm running a code on a server to generate a 10,000x10,000 matrix and save each value into a table (MySQL). I was informed by the administrator that I can use up to 32g of the physical memory of our server but have no idea how to do it. I googling around and so far only found information about setting the virtual memory using -Xmx. I tried it anyway and using top command I got this: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 3981 gv 35 15 32.4g 304m 10m S 1 0.5 9:54.84 java So, it shows that the -Xmx set the VIRT and not the RES value. Is there anyway that I can set the RES value into 32g?

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• SQL SERVER – Beginning of SQL Server Architecture – Terminology – Guest Post

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server Architecture is a very deep subject. Covering it in a single post is an almost impossible task. However, this subject is very popular topic among beginners and advanced users.  I have requested my friend Anil Kumar who is expert in SQL Domain to help me write  a simple post about Beginning SQL Server Architecture. As stated earlier this subject is very deep subject and in this first article series he has covered basic terminologies. In future article he will explore the subject further down. Anil Kumar Yadav is Trainer, SQL Domain, Koenig Solutions. Koenig is a premier IT training firm that provides several IT certifications, such as Oracle 11g, Server+, RHCA, SQL Server Training, Prince2 Foundation etc. In this Article we will discuss about MS SQL Server architecture. The major components of SQL Server are: Relational Engine Storage Engine SQL OS Now we will discuss and understand each one of them. 1) Relational Engine: Also called as the query processor, Relational Engine includes the components of SQL Server that determine what your query exactly needs to do and the best way to do it. It manages the execution of queries as it requests data from the storage engine and processes the results returned. Different Tasks of Relational Engine: Query Processing Memory Management Thread and Task Management Buffer Management Distributed Query Processing 2) Storage Engine: Storage Engine is responsible for storage and retrieval of the data on to the storage system (Disk, SAN etc.). to understand more, let’s focus on the following diagram. When we talk about any database in SQL server, there are 2 types of files that are created at the disk level – Data file and Log file. Data file physically stores the data in data pages. Log files that are also known as write ahead logs, are used for storing transactions performed on the database. Let’s understand data file and log file in more details: Data File: Data File stores data in the form of Data Page (8KB) and these data pages are logically organized in extents. Extents: Extents are logical units in the database. They are a combination of 8 data pages i.e. 64 KB forms an extent. Extents can be of two types, Mixed and Uniform. Mixed extents hold different types of pages like index, System, Object data etc. On the other hand, Uniform extents are dedicated to only one type. Pages: As we should know what type of data pages can be stored in SQL Server, below mentioned are some of them: Data Page: It holds the data entered by the user but not the data which is of type text, ntext, nvarchar(max), varchar(max), varbinary(max), image and xml data. Index: It stores the index entries. Text/Image: It stores LOB ( Large Object data) like text, ntext, varchar(max), nvarchar(max),  varbinary(max), image and xml data. GAM & SGAM (Global Allocation Map & Shared Global Allocation Map): They are used for saving information related to the allocation of extents. PFS (Page Free Space): Information related to page allocation and unused space available on pages. IAM (Index Allocation Map): Information pertaining to extents that are used by a table or index per allocation unit. BCM (Bulk Changed Map): Keeps information about the extents changed in a Bulk Operation. DCM (Differential Change Map): This is the information of extents that have modified since the last BACKUP DATABASE statement as per allocation unit. Log File: It also known as write ahead log. It stores modification to the database (DML and DDL). Sufficient information is logged to be able to: Roll back transactions if requested Recover the database in case of failure Write Ahead Logging is used to create log entries Transaction logs are written in chronological order in a circular way Truncation policy for logs is based on the recovery model SQL OS: This lies between the host machine (Windows OS) and SQL Server. All the activities performed on database engine are taken care of by SQL OS. It is a highly configurable operating system with powerful API (application programming interface), enabling automatic locality and advanced parallelism. SQL OS provides various operating system services, such as memory management deals with buffer pool, log buffer and deadlock detection using the blocking and locking structure. Other services include exception handling, hosting for external components like Common Language Runtime, CLR etc. I guess this brief article gives you an idea about the various terminologies used related to SQL Server Architecture. In future articles we will explore them further. Guest Author  The author of the article is Anil Kumar Yadav is Trainer, SQL Domain, Koenig Solutions. Koenig is a premier IT training firm that provides several IT certifications, such as Oracle 11g, Server+, RHCA, SQL Server Training, Prince2 Foundation etc. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Security, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Training, T SQL, Technology

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• TechDays 2010: What’s New On C# 4.0

  - by Paulo Morgado

  I would like to thank those that attended my session at TechDays 2010 and I hope that I was able to pass the message of what’s new on C#. For those that didn’t attend (or did and want to review it), the presentation can be downloaded from here. Code samples can be downlaoded from here. Here’s a list of resources mentioned on the session: The evolution of C# The Evolution Of C# Covariance and contravariance  C# 4.0: Covariance And Contravariance In Generics Covariance And Contravariance In Generics Made Easy Covarince and Contravariance in Generics Exact rules for variance validity Events get a little overhaul in C# 4, Afterward: Effective Events Named and optional arguments  Named And Optional Arguments Alternative To Optional Arguments Named and Optional Arguments (C# Programming Guide) Dynamic programming  Dynamic Programming C# Proposal: Compile Time Static Checking Of Dynamic Objects Using Type dynamic (C# Programming Guide) Dynamic Language Runtime Overview COM Interop Improvements COM Interop Improvements Type Equivalence and Embedded Interop Types Conclusion Visual C# Developer Center Visual C# 2010 Samples C# Language Specification 4.0 .NET Reflector LINQPad

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• Memory footprint of a parsed XML file in Classic ASP?

  - by Pete Duncanson

  Anyone know of a way to find out the amount of memory/size of a XMLDocument once it has parsed a XML file? I've been doing "beer mat" calculations so far but have been asked to come up with some more legit numbers through monitoring some how. I need to create about 1500 XML files (via FreeThreadedXMl-DOM object), which verge between 3-9K in size and store them in Application vars but our SysAdmin is worried about us gobbling up too much memory. Other than the crude method of booting up a fresh IIS instance and then loading everything in and monitoring before and after memory usage in Task Manager I can't think of a way of doing it with a bit more accuracy.

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• How do I assign a non-persistent (in-memory) cookie in ASP.NET?

  - by Jørn Schou-Rode

  The following code will send a cookie to the user as part of the response: var cookie = new HttpCookie("theAnswer", "42"); cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(7); Response.Cookies.Add(cookie); The cookie is of the persistent type, which by most browsers will be written to disk and used across sessions. That is, the cookie is still on the client's PC tomorrow, even if the browser and the PC has been closed in between. After a week, the cookie will be deleted (due to line #2). Non-persistent/in-memory cookies are another bread of cookies, which have a lifespan determined by the duration of the client's browsing session. Usually, such cookies are held in memory, and they are discarded when the browser is closed. How do I assign an in-memory cookie from ASP.NET?

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• Get Ready For C# 4.0!

  Visual Studio 2010 is here! And of course this means that C# 4.0 is also here. Lets do a quick review of the new language features added in this release. Dynamic The dynamic keyword is a key feature of this release. It closes the gap between dynamic and statically-typed languages. Now you can create dynamic objects and let their types be determined at run time. With the addition of the System.Dynamic namespace, you can create expandable objects and advanced class wrappers, and you can provide interoperability...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Why does my program occasionally segfault when out of memory rather than throwing std::bad_alloc?

  - by Bradford Larsen

  I have a program that implements several heuristic search algorithms and several domains, designed to experimentally evaluate the various algorithms. The program is written in C++, built using the GNU toolchain, and run on a 64-bit Ubuntu system. When I run my experiments, I use bash's ulimit command to limit the amount of virtual memory the process can use, so that my test system does not start swapping. Certain algorithm/test instance combinations hit the memory limit I have defined. Most of the time, the program throws an std::bad_alloc exception, which is printed by the default handler, at which point the program terminates. Occasionally, rather than this happening, the program simply segfaults. Why does my program occasionally segfault when out of memory, rather than reporting an unhandled std::bad_alloc and terminating?

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• How can I increase my application memory, till using the VirtualAlloc function, with the WOW64?

  - by fishbein

  I have application that runs on x86 32Win and we use 1.2Gbyte memory which allocated from the function VirtualAlloc(to prevent page faults). I really want to increase my application memory so I recompiled my project under MSDVE 2008 with wow64 (OS Exp 64Bit). I tried to allocate more than 2Gbyte and the function VirtualAlloc return error. I even tried to set the flag LARGEADDRESSWARE to on, and the result was the same! How can I increase my application memory, till using the VirtualAlloc function, with the WOW64?

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• How do I write the audio stream to a memory buffer instead of a file using DirectShow?

  - by yngvedh

  Hi, I have made a sample application which constructs a filter graph to capture audio from the microphone and stream it to a file. Is there any filter which allows me to stream to a memory buffer instead? I'm following the approach outlined in an article on msdn and are currently using the CLSID_FileWriter object to write the audio to file. This works nicely, but I cannot figure out how to write to a memory buffer. Is there such a memory sink filter or do I have to create it myself? (I would prefer one which is bundled with windows XP)

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• Not enough storage is available to complete this operation - Program or Storage memory?

  - by Grant Crofton

  I've been given a Windows Mobile app written in .Net CF 3.5 to fix, and one of the problems is to do with storage. The message 'Not enough storage is available to complete this operation' has appeared a few times - it's logged in the SQL CE database, and always happens during data access (but not the same bit of data access). The thing I'm slightly confused about is whether this refers to Program Memory (e.g. RAM) or Storage Memory (e..g permanent storage). It would appear to be storage memory, but the devices seem to have plenty free. While there are some OutOfMemoryExceptions, these appear totally unrelated to this problem (in that that happen at a different time due to an image-related issue). We're using SQL CE 3.5 with a single connection, which is stored along with the app on the device (as opposed to the storage card). The device is a Motorola MC75 running Windows Mobile 6.1. Any thoughts?

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• How to check whether iterators form a contiguous memory zone?

  - by Vincent

  I currently have the following function to read an array or a vector of raw data (_readStream is a std::ifstream) : template<typename IteratorType> inline bool MyClass::readRawData( const IteratorType& first, const IteratorType& last, typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category* = nullptr ) { _readStream.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&*first), (last-first)*sizeof(*first)); return _readStream.good(); } First question : does this function seem ok for you ? As we read directly a block of memory, it will only work if the memory block from first to last is contiguous in memory. How to check that ?

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• this.Dispose() Don't release memory used by Form after Closing it .

  - by Ehab Sutan

  Hello, in C# Application. I've a windows form application in which clicking certain button make object from a 2nd Form. On closing this 2nd From by user Memory used by this form not released (from Task Manager). I Tried using this.dispose() on exit button ,tried this.close() , tried form2 =null in the main code ,and tried clearing all controls from this form by code before Disposing and every time the clicks the button memory usage by the application increases more and memory used by previous instance not released. What shall i use to solve this problem ?

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• PHP unable to load dynamic library... but it is loaded. WTF?

  - by Josh

  I have a CentOS 5.4 server with Apache 2.2.3, mod_fastcgi and PHP 5.2.11. Everything is working great, server is a production server and I've had no complaints. When I was looking in PHP's error log to diagnose a problem with a specific page, I saw the following periodically repeated over and over: [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so: undefined symbol: php_rfc1867_callback in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_get_dbh_ce in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so: undefined symbol: php_rfc1867_callback in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_get_dbh_ce in Unknown on line 0 I am very confused because APC is loaded, I can see it in the output of phpinfo(). And by the look of these error messages nothing should be working at all. Yet sites seem to be running fine. How can I track down the source of this error?

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• Microphone not capturing sound on 12.04 Lenovo G580

  - by Yam Marcovic

  In both Skype and the Sound Recorder application, I am not capturing any audio from my built-in microphone. I'm not sure why. Otherwise, sound output is working well. I have tried running gstreamer-properties and setting the Default Input plugin to PulseAUdio as well (to match the output), and it didn't help. I have tried running alsamixer -V all and I only get 2 input-related entries: Capture(L R) which is on 100 and not muted (can't be either), and Analog Mic Boost which is on 20db. Extra info: Camera (video) is working well on Skype and Kamerka. Can you please help me get my microphone to work? lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 42 Region 0: Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Region 2: Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Region 4: I/O ports at 3000 [size=64] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 41 Region 0: Memory at e0600000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 43 Region 0: Memory at e0614000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: mei Kernel modules: mei 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at e0619000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 44 Region 0: Memory at e0610000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00002fff Memory behind bridge: e0500000-e05fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 Memory behind bridge: e0400000-e04fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 23 Region 0: Memory at e0618000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 40 Region 0: I/O ports at 3088 [size=8] Region 1: I/O ports at 3094 [size=4] Region 2: I/O ports at 3080 [size=8] Region 3: I/O ports at 3090 [size=4] Region 4: I/O ports at 3060 [size=32] Region 5: Memory at e0617000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 10 Region 0: Memory at e0615000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Region 4: I/O ports at 3040 [size=32] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8162 Fast Ethernet (rev 08) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3979 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 11 Region 0: Memory at e0500000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K] Region 2: I/O ports at 2000 [size=128] Capabilities: <access denied> 02:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 31a1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at e0400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ath9k Kernel modules: ath9k aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CONEXANT Analog [CONEXANT Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

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• Different Not Automatically Implies Better

  - by Alois Kraus

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/akraus1/archive/2013/11/05/154556.aspxRecently I was digging deeper why some WCF hosted workflow application did consume quite a lot of memory although it did basically only load a xaml workflow. The first tool of choice is Process Explorer or even better Process Hacker (has more options and the best feature copy&paste does work). The three most important numbers of a process with regards to memory are Working Set, Private Working Set and Private Bytes. Working set is the currently consumed physical memory (parts can be shared between processes e.g. loaded dlls which are read only) Private Working Set is the physical memory needed by this process which is not shareable Private Bytes is the number of non shareable which is only visible in the current process (e.g. all new, malloc, VirtualAlloc calls do create private bytes) When you have a bigger workflow it can consume under 64 bit easily 500MB for a 1-2 MB xaml file. This does not look very scalable. Under 64 bit the issue is excessive private bytes consumption and not the managed heap. The picture is quite different for 32 bit which looks a bit strange but it seems that the hosted VB compiler is a lot less memory hungry under 32 bit. I did try to repro the issue with a medium sized xaml file (400KB) which does contain 1000 variables and 1000 if which can be represented by C# code like this: string Var1; string Var2; ... string Var1000; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(Var1) ) { Console.WriteLine(“Var1”); } if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(Var2) ) { Console.WriteLine(“Var2”); } ....   Since WF is based on VB.NET expressions you are bound to the hosted VB.NET compiler which does result in (x64) 140 MB of private bytes which is ca. 140 KB for each if clause which is quite a lot if you think about the actually present functionality. But there is hope. .NET 4.5 does allow now C# expressions for WF which is a major step forward for all C# lovers. I did create some simple patcher to “cross compile” my xaml to C# expressions. Lets look at the result: C# Expressions VB Expressions x86 x86 On my home machine I have only 32 bit which gives you quite exactly half of the memory consumption under 64 bit. C# expressions are 10 times more memory hungry than VB.NET expressions! I wanted to do more with less memory but instead it did consume a magnitude more memory. That is surprising to say the least. The workflow does initialize in about the same time under x64 and x86 where the VB code does it in 2s whereas the C# version needs 18s. Also nearly ten times slower. That is a too high price to pay for any bigger sized xaml workflow to convert from VB.NET to C# expressions. If I do reduce the number of expressions to 500 then it does need 400MB which is about half of the memory. It seems that the cost per if does rise linear with the number of total expressions in a xaml workflow.  Expression Language Cost per IF Startup Time C# 1000 Ifs x64 1,5 MB 18s C# 500 Ifs x64 750 KB 9s VB 1000 Ifs x64 140 KB 2s VB 500 Ifs x64 70 KB 1s Now we can directly compare two MS implementations. It is clear that the VB.NET compiler uses the same underlying structure but it has much higher offset compared to the highly inefficient C# expression compiler. I have filed a connect bug here with a harsher wording about recent advances in memory consumption. The funniest thing is that one MS employee did give an Azure AppFabric demo around early 2011 which was so slow that he needed to investigate with xperf. He was after startup time and the call stacks with regards to VB.NET expression compilation were remarkably similar. In fact I only found this post by googling for parts of my call stacks. … “C# expressions will be coming soon to WF, and that will have different performance characteristics than VB” … What did he know Jan 2011 what I did no know until today? ;-). He knew that C# expression will come but that they will not be automatically have better footprint. It is about time to fix that. In its current state C# expressions are not usable for bigger workflows. That also explains the headline for today. You can cheat startup time by prestarting workflows so that the demo looks nice and snappy but it does hurt scalability a lot since you do need much more memory than necessary. I did find the stacks by enabling virtual allocation tracking within XPerf which is still the best tool out there. But first you need to look at your process to check where the memory is hiding: For the C# Expression compiler you do not need xperf. You can directly dump the managed heap and check with a profiler of your choice. But if the allocations are happening on the Private Data ( VirtualAlloc ) you can find it with xperf. There is a nice video on channel 9 explaining VirtualAlloc tracking it in greater detail. If your data allocations are on the Heap it does mean that the C/C++ runtime did create a heap for you where all malloc, new calls do allocate from it. You can enable heap tracing with xperf and full call stack support as well which is doable via xperf like it is shown also on channel 9. Or you can use WPRUI directly: To make “Heap Usage” it work you need to set for your executable the tracing flags (before you start it). For example devenv.exe HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\devenv.exe DWORD TracingFlags 1 Do not forget to disable it after you did complete profiling the process or it will impact the startup time quite a lot. You can with xperf attach directly to a running process and collect heap allocation information from a gone wild process. Very handy if you need to find out what a process was doing which has arrived in a funny state. “VirtualAlloc usage” does work without explicitly enabling stuff for a specific process and is always on machine wide. I had issues on my Windows 7 machines with the call stack collection and the latest Windows 8.1 Performance Toolkit. I was told that WPA from Windows 8.0 should work fine but I do not want to downgrade.

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• Proper way to cleanup dynamic engines and can they be loaded twice?

  - by Becky

  Hello - I am having problems loading Engine PKCS #11 as a dynamic engine using python and M2Crypto. I am trying to access an Aladdin USB eToken. Here are the important steps from my python code: dynamic = Engine.load_dynamic_engine("pkcs11", "/usr/local/ssl/lib/engines/engine_pkcs11.so") pkcs11 = Engine.Engine("pkcs11") pkcs11.ctrl_cmd_string("MODULE_PATH", "/usr/lib/libeTPkcs11.so") pkcs11.engine_init_custom() # initialize engine with custom M2Crypto patch # next few steps which I deleted pass password and grab key & cert off token Engine.cleanup() This works fine the first time this method gets run. The second time, it fails when loading the dynamic engine (see error below). Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ? File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/M2Crypto/Engine.py", line 98, in load_dynamic_engine e.ctrl_cmd_string("LOAD", None) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/M2Crypto/Engine.py", line 38, in ctrl_cmd_string raise EngineError(Err.get_error()) M2Crypto.Engine.EngineError: 4002:error:260B606D:engine routines:DYNAMIC_LOAD:init failed:eng_dyn.c:521: Is it impossible to load engines twice in a python session? Am I missing some kind of engine cleanup/deletion? The OpenSSL docs talk about engine_finish() but I don't think M2Crypto offers that. Is there a method to tell if the engine is already loaded? Thanks!

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• What .NET reporting tools are best for dynamic report generation?

  - by bvanderw

  Perhaps I need to define "dynamic generation". By this I mean using graphics primitives to draw on the page (such as DrawText or DrawLine, etc) This is what System.Drawing.Printing provides. I often need to create forms and reports for Windows applications that either require dynamic generation or where I need control over the formatting that stretches or goes beyond the capabilities of most report designers. Essentially, I need to ability to create my own pages using graphics primitives like you can do with System.Drawing.Printing that are part of package that also provides a report designer, exporting to PDF, etc. In my Delphi days, I used Rave Reports (along with the exporting add-ons from Gnostice) because it was the only Delphi reporting tool that gave you that kind of fine control. I've been struggling with the reporting tools provided by Developer Express and I have given up trying to make them do what I need to do. I downloaded a trial of ActiveReports and was able to completely create one of my dynamic reports (using their Page class) in a few hours one afternoon. It's likely I will buy their product, but it's a bit frustrating to have to do so after investing in the Developer Express tools. Before I do so, are there any other products that offer this functionality that I should investigate? As far as I can tell, Crystal Reports does not - is this correct? Thanks.... --Bruce

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• Dynamic Auto updating (to UI, Grid) binding list in C# Winform?

  - by Dhana

  I'm not even sure if i'm doing this correctly. But basically I have a list of objects that are built out of a class/interface. From there, I am binding the list to a datagrid view that is on a Windows Form (C#) Here the list is a Sync list which will auto update the UI, in this case datagridview. Every thing works fine now, but now i would like to have the List should have an dynamic object, that is the object will have by default two static property (ID, Name), and at run time user will select remaining properties. These should be bind to the data grid. Any update on the list should be auto reflected in the grid. I am aware that, we can use dynamic objects, but i would like to know , how to approach for solution, datagridview.DataSource = myData; // myData is AutoUpdateList<IPersonInfo> Now IPersonInfo is the type of object, need to add dynamic properties for this type at runtime. public class AutoUpdateList<T> : System.ComponentModel.BindingList<T> { private System.ComponentModel.ISynchronizeInvoke _SyncObject; private System.Action<System.ComponentModel.ListChangedEventArgs> _FireEventAction; public AutoUpdateList() : this(null) { } public AutoUpdateList(System.ComponentModel.ISynchronizeInvoke syncObject) { _SyncObject = syncObject; _FireEventAction = FireEvent; } protected override void OnListChanged(System.ComponentModel.ListChangedEventArgs args) { try { if (_SyncObject == null) { FireEvent(args); } else { _SyncObject.Invoke(_FireEventAction, new object[] { args }); } } catch (Exception) { // TODO: Log Here } } private void FireEvent(System.ComponentModel.ListChangedEventArgs args) { base.OnListChanged(args); } } Could you help out on this?

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