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• Embedded Model Designing -- top down or bottom up?

  - by Jeff

  I am trying to learn RoR and develop a webapp. I have a few models I have thought of for this app, and they are fairly embedded. For example (please excuse my lack of RoR syntax): Model: textbook title:string type:string has_many: chapters Model: chapter content:text has_one: review_section Model: review_section title:string has_many: questions has_many: answers , through :questions Model: questions ... Model: answers ... My question is, with the example I gave, should I start at the top model (textbook) or the bottom most (answers)?

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• Write a program consisting of a main module and three other modules

  - by user106080

  The owner of a super supermarket would like to have a program that computes the monthly gross pay of their employees as well as the employees’s net pay. The input for this program is the employee id number, hourly rate of pay, and number of regular and overtime hours hours worked. Gross pay is the sum of the wages earnes from regular hours; overtime is 1.5 times the regular rate. Net pay is gross pay hours; overtime is paid at 1.5 times the regular rate. Net pay is the gross pay minus deductions. Assume that deduction are taken for tax withholding (50 percent of gross pay) and parking ($10.00 per month) you will need the following variables: EmployeeID (a string) HourRate is (a float) RegHours (a float) ; GrossPay (a float);Tax (afloat) Parking (a float) OverTimeHours (a float) NetPay (a float) GrossPay = Regularhours* HourRate+OverTimeHours*(HourRate*1.5) NetPay= GrossPay – (GrossPay*Tax) – Parking

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• When to use identity comparison instead of equals?

  - by maaartinus

  I wonder why would anybody want to use identity comparison for fields in equals, like here (Java syntax): class C { private A a; public boolean equals(Object other) { // standard boring prelude if (other==this) return true; if (other==null) return false; if (other.getClass() != this.getClass()) return false; C c = (C) other; // the relevant part if (c.a != this.a) return false; // more tests... and then return true; } // getter, setters, hashCode, ... } Using == is a bit faster than equals and a bit shorter (due to no need for null tests), too, but in what cases (if any) you'd say it's really better to use == for fields inside equals?

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• PHP to SharePoint roadmap

  - by Daryl Gubler

  I'm a PHP developer with familiarity with Rails and a focus on MVC development. My company is moving more and more to SharePoint and I feel I need to learn to build application within the SharePoint system. I have some brief introduction to C# but that's about it. I've used some SharePoint Designer and the web interface but not that heavily (most of my "development" so far for SharePoint has been html/css/javascript page manipulation in SPDesigner). What, and in what order should I be learning to eventually develop applications for SharePoint? Also, any good resources for each step?

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• Some Insight on the Field of Knowledge Representations

  - by picmate

  I started following an MS in computer sciences after about two years of work for a software company. I worked primarily in data warehousing and business intelligence related software development during my previous occupation. There is a high chance for me to select a research in knowledge representations, ontologies and reasoning, as there are no other research available in any other interesting fields, such as pattern recognition and navigation. I developed an interest towards knowledge representation with what I learnt from the courses I am taking currently. But I do not have a deep understanding of it in terms of which areas such a field would have an impact in a real life scenario, and how it will help me when I am hunting for a job in the near future. Some thought about this would be greatly appreciated.

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• A new mission statement for my school's algorithms class

  - by Eric Fode

  The teacher at Eastern Washington University that is now teaching the algorithms course is new to eastern and as a result the course has changed drastically mostly in the right direction. That being said I feel that the class could use a more specific, and industry oriented (since that is where most students will go, though suggestions for an academia oriented class are also welcome) direction, having only worked in industry for 2 years I would like the community's (a wider and much more collectively experienced and in the end plausibly more credible) opinion on the quality of this as a statement for the purpose an algorithms class, and if I am completely off target your suggestion for the purpose of a required Jr. level Algorithms class that is standalone (so no other classes focusing specifically on algorithms are required). The statement is as follows: The purpose of the algorithms class is to do three things: Primarily, to teach how to learn, do basic analysis, and implement a given algorithm found outside of the class. Secondly, to teach the student how to model a problem in their mind so that they can find a an existing algorithm or have a direction to start the development of a new algorithm. Third, to overview a variety of algorithms that exist and to deeply understand and analyze one algorithm in each of the basic algorithmic design strategies: Divide and Conquer, Reduce and Conquer, Transform and Conquer, Greedy, Brute Force, Iterative Improvement and Dynamic Programming. The Question in short is: do you agree with this statement of the purpose of an algorithms course, so that it would be useful in the real world, if not what would you suggest?

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• Is there a programming language with not a tree but tags idea behind OOP?

  - by kolupaev

  I'm thinking about tree structures, and I feel that I don't like them. It's like when you have a shop, then you try to put all products to tree-like catalog, and then you need to place one product to multiple categories, now you have multiple routing, bla-bla. I don't feel like everything in the world could be put to a tree. Instead, I like idea of tags. I would like to store everything with tags. With tags I could do much more. I can even simulate trees if I want. I want to have tag-based filesystem! But hey - modern OOP paradigm with inheritance is based on tree. I want to see how it is when you don't have such basement. Closest thing I found is mixins in some languages. Do you know what else is also about this ideas?

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• How to deal with project managers who micromanage?

  - by entens

  Perhaps I'm just naive, but when I try to decipher the wall of tasks I'm targeted to do over the course of a week, I just can't help but think whoever builds the project schedule needs to get some remedial training on basic project management. For example, I am assigned 13 tasks today, the shortest lasting .13 days (default time metric in Microsoft Project), and the longest lasting .75 days. I can't help but think that it is blatant micromanagement scheduling projects in sub 10 minute intervals. The effects of management are becoming evident in slipped tasks, resource assignment exceeding capacity by a factor of two at some points in time, and spending more time clearing tasks and figuring out what comes next than actually doing work. How can I convince the project manager to create tasks with larger duration and to see the larger picture?

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• Is it common practice to hire third parties to do code reviews for contractors?

  - by blueberryfields

  I recently observed some contract offers which included a "code review by third party" clause - the contract would not pay out fully until the code review was completed and it received a pass. I was surprised, especially considering that these were fairly simple, and small-scale contracts (churning out vanity apps for the iPhone). Is this kind of third-party code review a common thing to run into when contracting out as a programmer?

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• What to do when the programming activity becomes a problem?

  - by gablin

  I once saw a program (can't remember which) where it talked about people "experiencing flow" when they are doing something they are passionate about. When "in flow", they tend to lose track of time and surrounding, concentrating only on their activity at hand. This happens a lot for me when I program; most particularly when I face a problem. I refuse to give up until it's solved. This usually leads to hours just rushing by and I forget to eat lunch, dinner gets pushed into far into the evening, and when I finally look at the clock, it's way into the wee-hours of the night and I will only get a few hours of sleep before having to rise early in the morning. (This is not to say that I'm in flow only when facing a problem - but I find it particularly hard to stop programming and step back when there's something I can't solve immediately.) I love programming, but I hate it when it disrupts my normal routines (most importantly eating and sleeping patterns). And sitting still for so many hours, staring a screen, is not healthy. Please, any ideas on how I can get my rampant programming activity under control?

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• Questions about linking libraries in C

  - by james

  I am learning C (still very much a beginner) on Linux using the GCC compiler. I have noticed that some libraries, such as the library used with the math.h header, need to be linked in manually when included. I have been linking in the libraries using various flags of the form -l[library-name], such as -lm for the above-mentioned math library. However, after switching from the command line and/or Geany to Code::Blocks, I noticed that Code::Blocks uses g++ to compile the programs instead of the gcc that I am used to (even though the project is definitely specified as C). Also, Code::Blocks does not require the libraries to be manually linked in when compiling - libraries such as the math library just work. I have two questions: Firstly, is it "bad" to compile C programs with the g++ compiler? So far it seems to work, but after all, C++ is not C and I am quite sure that the g++ compiler is meant for C++. Secondly, is it the g++ compiler that is doing the automatic linking of the libraries in Code::Blocks?

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• Library and several small programs that use it: how should I structure my git repository?

  - by Dan

  I have some code that uses a library that I and others frequently modify (usually only by adding functions and methods). We each keep a local fork of the library for our own use. I also have a lot of small "driver" programs (~100 lines) that use the library and are used exclusively by me. Currently, I have both the driver programs and the library in the same repository, because I frequently make changes to both that are logically connected (adding a function to the library and then calling it). I'd like to merge my fork of the library with my co-workers' forks, but I don't want the driver programs to be part of the merged library. What's the best way to organize the git repositories for a large, shared library that needs to be merged frequently and a number of small programs that have changes that are connected to changes in the library?

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• Detect duplicate in a subset from a set of elements

  - by Abhinav Shrivastava

  I have a set of numbers say : 1 1 2 8 5 6 6 7 8 8 4 2... I want to detect the duplicate element in subsets(of given size say k) of the above numbers... For example : Consider the increasing subsets(for example consider k=3) Subset 1 :{1,1,2} Subset 2 :{1,2,8} Subset 3 :{2,8,5} Subset 4 :{8,5,6} Subset 5 :{5,6,6} Subset 6 :{6,6,7} .... .... So my algorithm should detect that subset 1,5,6 contains duplicates.. My approach : 1)Copy the 1st k elements to a temporary array(vector) 2) using #include file in C++ STL...using unique() I would determine if there's any change in size of vector.. Any other clue how to approach this problem..

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• How do I deal with code of bad quality contributed by a third party?

  - by lindelof

  I've recently been promoted into managing one of our most important projects. Most of the code in this project has been written by a partner of ours, not by ourselves. The code in question is of very questionable quality. Code duplication, global variables, 6-page long functions, hungarian notation, you name it. And it's in C. I want to do something about this problem, but I have very little leverage on our partner, especially since the code, for all its problems, "just works, doesn't it?". To make things worse, we're now nearing the end of this project and must ship soon. Our partner has committed a certain number of person-hours to this project and will not put in more hours. I would very much appreciate any advice or pointers you could give me on how to deal with this situation.

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• Two Weeks As A Software Estimation Rule of Thumb?

  - by Todd Williamson

  I saw a blog posting that spoke to me: http://james-iry.blogspot.com/2010/10/how-to-estimate-software.html Oddly, this is the kind of estimate that I tend to do on smaller projects. Just about everything is "two weeks" as that is comfortably far enough out. I once had an instructor walk us through how to create a more detailed estimate, wherein we already had the requirements up front, etc. and even after all the careful tabulation and such the final instruction was "Now that you have all this documentation go ahead and double it." Agile practitioners seem to like two weeks also as a sprint length. Is there something magical about two weeks? Is it a hrair number for our psyches or some other kind of crutch? Do you have an immediate default fall-back schedule strategy when you are pressed for an initial delivery date?

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• What does the Spring framework do? Should I use it? Why or why not?

  - by sangfroid

  So, I'm starting a brand-new project in Java, and am considering using Spring. Why am I considering Spring? Because lots of people tell me I should use Spring! Seriously, any time I've tried to get people to explain what exactly Spring is or what it does, they can never give me a straight answer. I've checked the intros on the SpringSource site, and they're either really complicated or really tutorial-focused, and none of them give me a good idea of why I should be using it, or how it will make my life easier. Sometimes people throw around the term "dependency injection", which just confuses me even more, because I think I have a different understanding of what that term means. Anyway, here's a little about my background and my app : Been developing in Java for a while, doing back-end web development. Yes, I do a ton of unit testing. To facilitate this, I typically make (at least) two versions of a method : one that uses instance variables, and one that only uses variables that are passed in to the method. The one that uses instance variables calls the other one, supplying the instance variables. When it comes time to unit test, I use Mockito to mock up the objects and then make calls to the method that doesn't use instance variables. This is what I've always understood "dependency injection" to be. My app is pretty simple, from a CS perspective. Small project, 1-2 developers to start with. Mostly CRUD-type operations with a a bunch of search thrown in. Basically a bunch of RESTful web services, plus a web front-end and then eventually some mobile clients. I'm thinking of doing the front-end in straight HTML/CSS/JS/JQuery, so no real plans to use JSP. Using Hibernate as an ORM, and Jersey to implement the webservices. I've already started coding, and am really eager to get a demo out there that I can shop around and see if anyone wants to invest. So obviously time is of the essence. I understand Spring has quite the learning curve, plus it looks like it necessitates a whole bunch of XML configuration, which I typically try to avoid like the plague. But if it can make my life easier and (especially) if make it can make development and testing faster, I'm willing to bite the bullet and learn Spring. So please. Educate me. Should I use Spring? Why or why not?

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• How to detect if an app was already installed before

  - by Dante

  How do software applications keep track of whether the user already installed the application before in it's Windows system? Say you install app X, trial version, remove it, then re install it, and when you run it again it detects you had already installed it before. If you uninstall and clean all registry information it shouldn't know you had already installed it before... Disclaimer: I'm not trying to "hack" any application, just thinking about how this is implemented.

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• Online medical image processing grand challenges

  - by taltos

  Hello! I moved my question from stackoverflow here. I cherish the hope that I will be luckier. I'm currently working on my thesis, and I'm looking for an/some online medical image processing grand challenge(s). I already know this site but I need a challenge which has microscopic image dataset like cells, chromosomes, bacterias, viruses etc with classification or recognation objective. Like karyotyping. Maybe someone is working on this field or his university made a challenge what I'm looking for, and can help me. Thank you!

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• How do I make a firefox extension execute script on page open/load? [migrated]

  - by Will Mc

  Thanks in advance! I am creating my first extension (A firefox extension). See below for full description of final product. I need help starting off. I have looked and studied the HelloWorld.xpi example found on Mozilla's site so I am happy to edit that to learn. In the example, when you click a menu item it runs script to display an alert message. My question is, how would I edit this extension to run the script on page load? I am guessing I need to insert some code in the browserOverlay as it loads on page load so, here is the browserOverlay.xpi from the example I am editing to learn: <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="chrome://global/skin/" ?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="chrome://xulschoolhello/skin/browserOverlay.css" ?> <!DOCTYPE overlay SYSTEM "chrome://xulschoolhello/locale/browserOverlay.dtd"> <overlay id="xulschoolhello-browser-overlay" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> <script type="application/x-javascript" src="chrome://xulschoolhello/content/browserOverlay.js" /> <stringbundleset id="stringbundleset"> <stringbundle id="xulschoolhello-string-bundle" src="chrome://xulschoolhello/locale/browserOverlay.properties" /> </stringbundleset> <menubar id="main-menubar"> <menu id="xulschoolhello-hello-menu" label="&xulschoolhello.hello.label;" accesskey="&xulschoolhello.helloMenu.accesskey;" insertafter="helpMenu"> <menupopup> <menuitem id="xulschoolhello-hello-menu-item" label="&xulschoolhello.hello.label;" accesskey="&xulschoolhello.helloItem.accesskey;" oncommand="XULSchoolChrome.BrowserOverlay.sayHello(event);" /> </menupopup> </menu> </menubar> <vbox id="appmenuSecondaryPane"> <menu id="xulschoolhello-hello-menu-2" label="&xulschoolhello.hello.label;" accesskey="&xulschoolhello.helloMenu.accesskey;" insertafter="appmenu_addons"> <menupopup> <menuitem id="xulschoolhello-hello-menu-item-2" label="&xulschoolhello.hello.label;" accesskey="&xulschoolhello.helloItem.accesskey;" oncommand="XULSchoolChrome.BrowserOverlay.sayHello(event);" /> </menupopup> </menu> </vbox> </overlay> I hope you can help me. I need to know what code I should use and where I should put it... Here is the gist of my overall extension - I am creating a click to call extension. This extension will search any new page for a phone number whether just refreshed, new page, new tab etc... Each phone number when clicked will open a new tab and direct user to a custom URL. Thanks again!

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• Using public domain source code from JDK in my application

  - by user2941369

  Can I use source code from ThreadPoolExecutor.java taken from JDK 1.7 considering that the following clausule is at the beginning of the ThreadPoolExecutor.java: /* * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain */ And just before that there is also: /* * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms. */

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• How do I prevent useless content load on the page in responsive design?

  - by Ícaro Leandro

  In responsive design, elements are hidden in the page with @media queries and display: none in CSS. Ok. In my design however browsers that have less than 800px in width should avoid loading some content at all. When accessed with on a device with more than 800px of screen, the page loads fully. In mobile devices or even on desktop with less than 800px of width some content is hidden. I want to make the page load faster for low-resolution devices and avoid loading chunks of content that the user will never see. How can I go about this?

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• What is a good toy example to teach version control?

  - by janos

  I am looking for practical examples to use when teaching version control. Breaking down the material to basic concepts and providing examples is an obvious way to teach version control, but this can be very boring, unless the examples are really practical or interesting. One idea I have is customizing a wordpress theme. I use wordpress a lot and no theme is ever perfect, so I typically just put the theme directory in version control using any dvcs and start recording changes. The problem with this example is that not many people in the audience may be familiar with wordpress, let alone have shell access to a wordpress site to try out the commands. Preparing a mock site and giving access to everyone is also not an option for me. I need a "toy example" that can be interesting to a broad audience of software developers, and something they can try on their own computers. The tutorial will use a dvcs, but the practical example I'm looking for is only to teach the basic features of version control, ignoring the distributed features for the moment. (Now that I think of it, instead of a mock site, a customized live cd might do the trick...) Any better ideas?

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• How to use TFS as a query tracking system?

  - by deostroll

  We already use tfs for managing defects in code etc, etc. We additionally need a way to "understand the domain & requirements of the products". Normally, without tfs we exchange emails with the consultants and have the questions/queries answered. If it is a feature implementation we sometimes "find" conflicts in the implementation itself. And when that happens the userstory is modified and the enhancement/bug as per that is raised in TFS. Sometimes it is critical we come back to decisions we made or questions we wanted answers to. Hence we need to be able to track how that "requirement idea" or that "query in concern" evolved. Hence how is it that we can use TFS to track all of this? Do we raise an "issue" item for this? Or do we raise a "bug" item? The main things we'd ideally look in a query tracking system are as follows: Area: Can be a module, submodule, domain. Sometimes this may be "General" - to address domain related stuff, or, event more granular to address modules, sub-modules. Take the case for the latter, if we were tracking this in excel sheets, we'd just write module1,submodule2; i.e. in a comma separated fashion. The things I would like here is to be able search for all queries relating to submodule2 sometime in the future. Responses: This is a record of conversations between the consultant and any other stakeholder. For a simple case, it would just be paragraphs. Each para would start with a name and date enclosed in brackets and the response following that...each para would be like a thread - much like a forum thread Action taken: We'd want to know how the query was closed, what was the input given, what were the changes that took place because of that, etc etc. These are fields I think I would need in such a system apart from some obvious ones like status, address to, resovled by, etc. I am open for any other fields which are sort of important. To summarise my question: how can we manage "queries" in the system? Where should we ideally store data pertaining to those three fields I have mentioned above (for e.g. is it wise to store responses in the history tag assuming we are opening a bug for the query)?

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• Flaws in my PHP development setup - sharing sources causing lags

  - by Wiktor

  I have following development setup for my PHP projects: Working station running on Windows 7 with PhpStorm IDE. GIT for version controlling. CentOS on virtual machine (VirtualBox) with Apache and MySQL (copy of production server). So far, I've been sharing project's source folders between host and guest systems and it was working quite well only really slow. The reason behind this is that Apache was reading files from remote folder (mounted locally). After doing some research, I found out that this set up can be improved by using disk mapping (Samba) instead of folder sharing. So I did that change. I configured my PhpStorm to automatically deploy files to mapped drive. Everything works like a charm now, except for one problem - when I change branches I need to synchronize project's local folder with the one on mapped drive and that takes time, a lot of time (like branching in SVN). Is there another way to handle this than just working on files directly on mapped drive?

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• Algorithm to measure how "diffused" 5,000 pennies are in an economy?

  - by makerofthings7

  Please allow me to use this example/metaphor to describe an algorithm I need. Objects There are 5 thousand pennies. There are 50 cups. There is a tracking history (Passport "stamp" etc) that is associated with each penny as it moves between cups. Definition I'll define a "highly diffused" penny as one that passes through many cups. A "poorly diffused" penny is one that either passes back and forth between 2 cups Question How can I objectively measure the diffusion of a penny as: The number of moves the penny has gone through The number of cups the penny has been in A unit of time (day, week, month) Why am I doing this? I want to detect if a cup is hoarding pennies. Resistance from bad actors Since hoarding is bad, the "bad cup" may simply solicit a partner and simply move pennies between each other. This will reduce the amount of time a coin isn't in transit, and would skew hoarding detection. A solution might be to detect if a cup (or set of cups) are common "partners" with each other, though I'm not sure how to think though this problem. Broad applicability Any assistance would be helpful, since I would think that this algorithm is common to Economics The study of migration patterns of animals, citizens of a country Other natural occurring phenomena ... and probably exists as a term or concept I'm unfamiliar with.

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