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• Finding proof of server being compromised by Black Hole Toolkit exploit

  - by cosmicsafari

  I recently took over maintenance of a company server. (Just Host, C Panel, Linux server), theres a tonne of websites on it which i know nothing about. It had came to my attention that a client had attempted to access one of the websites hosted on this server and was met with a warning from windows defender. It had blocked access because it said the website had been compromised by the Black Hole Toolkit or something to that effect. Anyway I went in and updated various plugins and deleted some old suspect websites. I have since ran the website in question through a few online malware scanners and its comes up clean everytime. However im not convinced. Do any of you guys know extensive ways i can check that the server isn't still compromised. I have no way to install any malware scanners or anti virus programs on the server as it is horribly locked down by Just Host.

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• My datacenter is unable to add PTR/rDNS record, then how can I prevent the mail outgoing from going to spam folder?

  - by gilzero

  I am having problem that mail sent out from my server all goes to recipient's spam folder. I am running Drupal sites on Linux server. CentOS w/ cPanel. Our users cannot receive email as the mail went to the spam folder. (such as registration email, contact form email) I was advised that I need to have PTR/rDNS record added for my host. I then contact my datacenter to add PTR/rDNS thing, unfortunately, the datacenter said they are unable to do it. So what can I do? Any other ways I can fix the problem? Thank you!

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• Dell Dimension 2350 with a Pentium IV processor and integrated video and network chips running Fedor

  - by Jim Dobbs

  Dell Dimension 2350 with a Pentium IV processor and integrated video and network chips running Fedora12 does a "Sleeping Beauty" and I, apparently, am not am not a "handsome prince"! The system puts video and network to sleep and it will not wakeup. I have heard of this problem on laptops, but this is a tower. Any ideas or help is appreciated. I tried to ping the network card from another system and ping fails. The logs indicate that the system continues to be active. Pressing keyboard short-cut keys makes the disk light blink but neither the video or network card comes alive. Failing all else, are there any Linux commands that I could schedule in cron to pulse video and network adapters hourly that will keep them awake? Or, should I wait on Fedora13? Before this machine, I built a Dimension 2400 with Pentium IV and it had the same problem. Fedora9 on the same hardware is fine.

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• Is there any way to limit my Internet connection to a per program basis?

  - by Igoru

  My Linux connection is REALLY free. I live in Brazil, so where I live I can only have 1 Mbit/s. Yes I know it's sad, but it's not the point. Everytime I'm updating my Ubuntu 9.04 or downloading something, it does eat all my bandwidth. Like, while update-manager is downloading the packages, I can see by netspeed applet in my panel that the incoming traffic goes to 110 kB/s. And then, my Emesene suddenly goes disconnected, and I can't navigate. As you can imagine, I can't use my Internet connection again until the packages are all downloaded or I cancel the update in the middle. As I said, same thing happens when I'm dowloading something, but less intrusive and immediate. The question is: is there any way to limit that APT/downloads traffic to some way I can still use my other Internet services, or to reserve some bandwidth for common navigation tasks (like we have on Windows, but I forgot this thing's name, it's like "something packages".

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• PostgreSQL disaster recovery options

  - by Alex

  My customer has quite a large (the total "data" folder size is 200G) PostgreSQL database and we are working on a disaster recovery plan. We have identified three different types of disasters so far: hardware outage, too much load and unintentional data loss due to erroneously executed bad migration (like DELETE or ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN). First two types seem to be easy to mitigate but we can't elaborate a good mitigation plan for the third type. I proposed to use ZFS and frequent (hourly) snapshots but "ZFS" means "OpenIndiana" these days and our Ops engineers do not have much expertise in it, so using OpenIndiana imposes another risk. Colleagues try to convince me that restoring from PostgreSQL PITR backup can be as fast as restoring from a ZFS snapshot but I highly doubt that replaying, say, 50G of archived WALs can be considered "fast". What other options are we missing? Is ZFS an only viable alternative? Can we get a fast Pg DB restore time in the Linux environment?

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• How to rename everything matching a certain string in a folder

  - by lostiniceland

  Hello Everyone I am running Linux and I have some basic console knowledge but my current problem is quite difficult and I dont know how to achieve this. I want/need to rename everything within a folder that matches a given string. By everything I mean folders/files content within a file content in hidden files Basically I want to refactor a Java-project. Sure, I could use Eclipse to handle the replacing, but this leaves out the folders or resources outside of my workspace. I was thinking of a script that could do the job for me but this seems rather tricky. For instance when it comes to folder-/file-rename I want to replace only the part of the name that matches my string, the rest should remain untouched. Maybe someone already has something like this in his/her script-collection :-) Thanks in advance Marc

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• Remote Control Home PC from Corporate Work PC

  - by muncherelli

  Here is my situation: I am currently on a Windows XP workstation at work. I have an android tablet that I use to splashtop into my home PC. I would like to be able to use my work keyboard and mouse to control my home PC while I am splashtop'd into it using my tablet. My work PC is on a corporate LAN, and not on the same network as my tablet. The company I work for provides wifi for personal devices, but they are not accessable to the internal network. I thought about going the Synergy route, however that would require my home PC to be able to connect to my work PC which isn't really possible. The opposite would work though, if I could reverse connect the server to the client, but the Synergy software doesn't really support that. I do have a couple linux boxes running at home, so I can ssh into my home network and tunnel ports via SSH if needed. With what I have, how can I accomplish seamless keyboard and mouse sharing between my work PC and either my home PC or my android tablet?

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• Move all images in folder to subfolder, and update all references to those images to their new location?

  - by Professor Frink

  I have a folder which contains a ~50 text files (PHP) and hundreds of images. I would like to move all the images to a subfolder, and update the PHP files so any reference to those images point to the new subfolder. I know I can move all the images quite easily (mv *.jpg /image, mv *.gif /image, etc...), but don't know how to go about updating all the text files - I assume a Regex has to be created to match all the images in a file, and then somehow the new directory has to be appended to the image file name? Is this best done with a shell script? Any help is appreciated (Server is Linux/CentOs5) Thanks!

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• fsck: FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED after each check with -c, why?

  - by Chris

  I use a script to partition and format CF cards (connected with a USB card writer) in an automated way. After the main process I check the card again with fsck. To check bad blocks I also tried the '-c' switch, but I always get a return value != 0 and the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" (see below). I get the same result when checking the very same drive several times... Does anyone know why a) the file system is modified at all and b) why this seems to happen every time I check and not only in case of an error (like bad blocks)? Here's the output: linux-box# fsck.ext3 -c /dev/sdx1 e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007) Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Volume (/dev/sdx1): ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** Volume (/dev/sdx1): 5132/245760 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 178910/1959896 blocks

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• 100% CPU Runaway Processes (NCurses?)

  - by BCable

  This is a problem I've had for years, but just haven't posted anywhere about it until now. I'm running GRML, a Debian squeeze based Linux distro, and occasionally certain processes will runaway and cause 100% CPU usage. The only way I can usually know is when my thermal meter on my statusbar will turn yellow. Sometimes I run fullscreen applications when it happens, though, so I sometimes don't catch it, leaving my computer wasting away at my CPU. The processes that I can think of off the top of my head are these: abook, aumix, hnb, wyrd. They are all NCurses based console applications, and there are others that are also NCurses based. Is there a bug in NCurses somewhere that I need patched or something? This also happened on the same distro with the same applications on a different laptop with the same configurations. Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Watch Filesystem in Real Time on OS X and Ubuntu

  - by Adrian Schneider

  I'm looking for a CLI tool which will watch a directory and spit out the names of files that change in real time. some_watch_command /path/to/some/folder | xargs some_callback I'm aware of inotify (inotify-tools?) and it seems to be what I need, but I need something that is both Linux (in my case Ubuntu) and OSX compatible. It doesn't need to be lightning fast, but it does need to trigger upon changes (within a second is reasonable). Also, I don't necessarily need the exact CLI program mentioned above. If some underlying tech exists and is easily scriptable on both platforms that would be great too.

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• breaking mdadm raid and moving to NTFS

  - by daveyt

  I'm running Ubuntu 8 something and my data is on a mirrored pair of 1TB disks formatted as ext3, and the RAID is via mdadm. I want to move to Windows 7 (yeah yeah I know but Linux aint doing it for me at the moment) and migrate the disks to NTFS. My plan is: Break the MDADM RAID (by failing one disk logically) Format the 'failed' disk as NTFS Copy data from the RAID array to the NTFS disk (dont care about perms) Install Windows, (new separate non RAid disk) and my data disk is available. I've researched this and it seems the easiest way. I dont have another disk to back up to so I think this is my only way. Can anyone see a better/easier way?

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• Which window manager do you use?

  - by Stephan202

  Combining "What is your default web browser?" and "What are the differences between Linux Window Managers", I ask you: which window manager do you use, and why? Myself I prefer a minimal window manager on the one hand (in the past I used Fluxbox), but on the other hand wish to go with the main stream, to ease finding (Googling) solutions in case of problems. Hence I stick with Gnome as it is shipped with Ubuntu. Why do you use the window manager which you use? I understand some reasons may be subjective, but please try to cite technical reasons where possible.

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• Are there any command line utilities which can calculate and/or limit how fast a pipe is running?

  - by stsquad

  I'm doing some basic stress testing of a Linux kernel network IWF with netcat. The set-up is fairly simple. On the target side: nc -l -p 10000 > /dev/null And on my desktop I was running: cat /dev/urandom | nc 192.168.0.20 10000 I'm using urandom for some poor-mans fuzz testing. However I find that even at this rate I can break something quite quickly. EDIT So I've been playing with trickle to rate limit how fast I'm generating data: cat /dev/urandom | trickle -u 10 nc 192.168.0.20 10000 But it's hard to tell if this is working. What would be really useful is a the pv equivilent of trickle that can work with pipes.

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• How to control fan speed on Compaq Presario under Ubuntu?

  - by Josh

  I have a Compaq Presario R4000 running Ubuntu Linux 9.10 karmic. The system runs very hot and one of the fans is wither never running or always running at the slowest speed. For a while I thought the fan was dead but I just updated the BIOS (Phoenix BIOS) and during the update, that fan suddenly kicked in at full speed! How can I get that fan to spin up during normal usage? I have tried sensores-detect but all it found was k8temp, no fans... (SpeedFan under windows found no fans either)

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• Keyboard-Shortcut driffen Utility to move windows around on multiscreen setup

  - by Wolfgang Fahl

  I am looking for a utility to move windows around on a multiscreen (usualy dual screen) setup. So with a keybord shortcut (or mousclick) I would like to send a windows to another monitor. I am using this functionality a lot when I give presentations. I'll lookup something on my mainscreen and then send the window to the screen or beamer where others can see it. Its also useful when working or when I want to send a screen from my computer to the TV screen that is hooked up to the computer. I know two solutions for a) Windows b) Mac OS but none yet for Linux. I'll post my windows and Mac OS solutions as answer and would be interested in other opinions.

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• Does Wake-on-LAN from power state S5 require any OS configuration?

  - by TARehman

  I am configuring a HTPC which I would like to be able to power on using Wake-on-LAN, from the S5 state (full shutdown, still plugged in). The system is running Linux Mint 14 Cinnamon. I'm getting some conflicting information in my searching on the Net. I am not concerned with using WoL to change the state from standby or hibernate to on. Because of the current interface to our TV, the system must be either turned on or turned off. So, basically, this system will cycle from S0 to S5, and from S5 back to S0, and so on. Some tutorials suggest that I need to use ethtool to configure things after enabling WoL in my BIOS, but my understanding is that doing an S5 - S0 power on only requires the BIOS to be configured (since when the computer is in state S5, the OS hasn't even been loaded anyway). Can I use WoL with only the BIOS configured to go from state S5 to S0, or will I need to configure the OS as well?

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• DHCPOFFER delay VLAN

  - by john883

  I have configured two VLANs [ 15 and 16 ] and a trunkport on a Cisco Catalyst 2960. The trunkport is connected to eth2 on a Linux server The server is configured to support VLAN's and the interfaces eth2.15 eth2.16 is configured with ip addresses on two different subnet. dhcp3-server is running on the same server and hands out IP-addresses to the VLANs. When connecting a client to a port that is configured in ex. VLAN 15 and requesting a IP-address, i experience a long delay before recieving a DHCPOFFER, around 30 seconds or so, the client needs to send a DHCPDISCOVER about five times but will always recieve a DHCPOFFER. Any suggestion why this delay is happening?

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• How to get a maximum file size of VZFS parition?

  - by Nulldevice

  I have a VPS hosting with a VZFS file system. How can I determine maximum file size of VZFS partition? UPD: Free space (or total space) is not what i need. Sometimes file cannot occupy a hole partition volume - fat16 with 2Gb limit is a good example. I need to use a large database file (say, 64Gb) and so I need to know if a file system of VPS hosting will cope with it. It is easy to calculate for an ext3 filesystem using tune2fs, but VPS uses VSFS by Virtuozzo, and it is documented bad. Is it any generic way to calculate maximum file size for some filesystem in linux?

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• environment variable issue in shell

  - by George2

  I am using Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5. I know the theory that -- using export to set environment variable, the environment variable will apply to current and child environment, but without using export to set environment variable, the environment variable will only apply to the current environment. My confusion is, what is the exact definition of "child environment" and "current environment"? For example, $ var1=123 $ echo "Hello [$var1]" the value of var1 (which is 123) is printed in shell, but I think echo is a command invoked by current shell, and it (the echo command) should be a child environment of current shell and the value of var1 should not (because not using export var1=123) impact echo. Any comments? Thanks in advance!

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• In CentOS 4.3 Webmin 1.3000 bandwidth monitoring is eating disk space. How to delete those files?

  - by Silkograph

  I maintain Linux server being used for Mail, Squid and DNS service. Recently I observed that something was eating server disk space. But at last, today I caught the culprit which was consuming the disk by storing large number of files. On this server, Webmin 1.300 is installed. We use Squid proxy and Sarg to monitor Internet access. I always manually clear Sarg generated files under /var/www/html/squid for last few years. But I never realized that Webmin is also storing some kind of bandwidth log files in its' directory structure. I have noticed that under /etc/webmin/bandwidth/hours it has stored more thousands of files since year 2007 totaling about 17 GB. We have used 40 GB HDD for this server machine. My question is how can I delete those (/etc/webmin/bandwidth/hours) files safely?

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• Determine process using a port, without sudo

  - by pat

  I'd like to find out which process (in particular, the process id) is using a given port. The one catch is, I don't want to use sudo, nor am I logged in as root. The processes I want this to work for are run by the same user that I want to find the process id - so I would have thought this was simple. Both lsof and netstat won't tell me the process id unless I run them using sudo - they will tell me that the port is being used though. As some extra context - I have various apps all connecting via SSH to a server I manage, and creating reverse port forwards. Once those are set up, my server does some processing using the forwarded port, and then the connection can be killed. If I can map specific ports (each app has their own) to processes, this is a simple script. Any suggestions? This is on an Ubuntu box, by the way - but I'm guessing any solution will be standard across most Linux distros.

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• Convert color photos of documents to good black-and-white images?

  - by Norman Ramsey

  Since I don't have a copier or scanner, I'm using an 8 megapixel camera to copy documents. This works pretty well except they need a lot of processing afterward. I'd like to get from a photo to a bitmap, but using djpeg -grayscale -pnm photo.jpg | pgmtopbm -threshold -value XXX does not work so well, for two reasons: It's hard to guess what XXX should be, and XXX is different for different photos. Illumination varies, and sometimes a single threshold isn't what's right for the image. How can I do better? The ideal solution will be fully automatic command-line program that I can run on Linux. (I have already written a program to remove dark pixels from the edges of images.)

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• Networking conflict - What is the most common default computer name?

  - by John

  I recently had to change the name of my computer to log onto a public wi-fi spot, because a computer with my name was already logged on. (I asked a guy there what to do after it said there was already a computer named "Dell(omitted)" logged on.) I've never been at a wifi spot that you had to log into before. I didn't even notice what the computer's name was before. My question is what are the most common default computer names. I'm curious. How often does this sort of problem happen? (I read via Google that Redhat linux default to "localhost" and Toshiba laptops default to "Toshiba.") Somebody probably keeps statistics. (I was referred here from serverfault.com) Thanks

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• /data/tmp on database server?

  - by Mellon

  I am on a Linux ubuntu machine with MySQL installed. My teacher gave out an assignment which mentioned "copy cars.dat to /data/tmp on the MySQL database server" without any explanations, I do not know what is the "/data/tmp on database server" means exactly? Basically after that I need to execute SQL statement like LOAD DATA INFILE '/data/tmp/cars.dat' INTO TABLE cars So, what does copy cars.dat to /data/tmp on the database server means as there is no /data/tmp directory even? Personally, I checked /etc/mysql/my.cnf file, inside which there are definitions of : ... basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp ... Does it mean to copy cars.dat to the tmpdir which is just /tmp under root directory??

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