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• What is wrong with Unix/linux

  - by John Smith

  This is a genuine question motivated by Ideal Operating System When I moved from DOS to Linux in the late 90s it was an eye opener for me. Long file names, arbitrarily many extensions etc... Now I look at Linux and Unix and see all sorts of issues. Here are things I see which could be fixed. Too much depends on root, and rootly powers cannot be voluntarily delegated over several users. (I would love to give up my power to manager printers and delegate the job to another account) File permissions are very limited, and there is not much metadata to go with files. The "everything is a file" metaphor is not true, Plan 9 gets it right(er).

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• Who should control navigation in an MVVM application?

  - by SonOfPirate

  Example #1: I have a view displayed in my MVVM application (let's use Silverlight for the purposes of the discussion) and I click on a button that should take me to a new page. Example #2: That same view has another button that, when clicked, should open up a details view in a child window (dialog). We know that there will be Command objects exposed by our ViewModel bound to the buttons with methods that respond to the user's click. But, what then? How do we complete the action? Even if we use a so-called NavigationService, what are we telling it? To be more specific, in a traditional View-first model (like URL-based navigation schemes such as on the web or the SL built-in navigation framework) the Command objects would have to know what View to display next. That seems to cross the line when it comes to the separation of concerns promoted by the pattern. On the other hand, if the button wasn't wired to a Command object and behaved like a hyperlink, the navigation rules could be defined in the markup. But do we want the Views to control application flow and isn't navigation just another type of business logic? (I can say yes in some cases and no in others.) To me, the utopian implementation of the MVVM pattern (and I've heard others profess this) would be to have the ViewModel wired in such a way that the application can run headless (i.e. no Views). This provides the most surface area for code-based testing and makes the Views a true skin on the application. And my ViewModel shouldn't care if it displayed in the main window, a floating panel or a child window, should it? According to this apprach, it is up to some other mechanism at runtime to 'bind' what View should be displayed for each ViewModel. But what if we want to share a View with multiple ViewModels or vice versa? So given the need to manage the View-ViewModel relationship so we know what to display when along with the need to navigate between views, including displaying child windows / dialogs, how do we truly accomplish this in the MVVM pattern?

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• Copy-and-Pasted Test Code: How Bad is This?

  - by joshin4colours

  My current job is mostly writing GUI test code for various applications that we work on. However, I find that I tend to copy and paste a lot of code within tests. The reason for this is that the areas I'm testing tend to be similar enough to need repetition but not quite similar enough to encapsulate code into methods or objects. I find that when I try to use classes or methods more extensively, tests become more cumbersome to maintain and sometimes outright difficult to write in the first place. Instead, I usually copy a big chunk of test code from one section and paste it to another, and make any minor changes I need. I don't use more structured ways of coding, such as using more OO-principles or functions. Do other coders feel this way when writing test code? Obviously I want to follow DRY and YAGNI principles, but I find that test code (automated test code for GUI testing anyway) can make these principles tough to follow. Or do I just need more coding practice and a better overall system of doing things? EDIT: The tool I'm using is SilkTest, which is in a proprietary language called 4Test. As well, these tests are mostly for Windows desktop applications, but I also have tested web apps using this setup as well.

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• Clarification of "avoid if-else" advice [duplicate]

  - by deviDave

  This question already has an answer here: Elegant ways to handle if(if else) else 21 answers The experts in clean code advise not to use if/else since it's creating an unreadable code. They suggest rather using IF and not to wait till the end of a method without real need. Now, this if/else advice confuses me. Do they say that I should not use if/else at all (!) or to avoid if/else nesting? Also, if they refer to the nesting of if/else, should I not do even a single nesting or I should limit it to max 2 nestings (as some recommends)? When I say single nesting, I mean this: if (...) { if (...) { } else { } } else { } EDIT Also tools like Resharper will suggest reformatting if/else statements. It usually concerts them to if stand-alone statement, and sometimes even to ternary expression.

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• What should I do to scale out an high-traffic website?

  - by makerofthings7

  What Best Practices should be undertaken for a Website that needs to "scale out" to handle capacity? This is especially relevant now that people are considering the cloud, but may be missing out on the fundamentals. I'm interested in hearing about anything you consider a best practice from development-level tasks, to infrastructure, to management. Use your best judgement when posting multiple answers, since it may make sense to post them separately for voting purposes. (hint: you'll likely get more reputation points for many small answers than one large answer)

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• As a tooling/automation developer, can I be making better use of OOP?

  - by Tom Pickles

  My time as a developer (~8 yrs) has been spent creating tooling/automation of one sort or another. The tools I develop usually interface with one or more API's. These API's could be win32, WMI, VMWare, a help-desk application, LDAP, you get the picture. The apps I develop could be just to pull back data and store/report. It could be to provision groups of VM's to create live like mock environments, update a trouble ticket etc. I've been developing in .Net and I'm currently reading into design patterns and trying to think about how I can improve my skills to make better use of and increase my understanding of OOP. For example, I've never used an interface of my own making in anger (which is probably not a good thing), because I honestly cannot identify where using one would benefit later on when modifying my code. My classes are usually very specific and I don't create similar classes with similar properties/methods which could use a common interface (like perhaps a car dealership or shop application might). I generally use an n-tier approach to my apps, having a presentation layer, a business logic/manager layer which interfaces with layer(s) that make calls to the API's I'm working with. My business entities are always just method-less container objects, which I populate with data and pass back and forth between my API interfacing layer using static methods to proxy/validate between the front and the back end. My code by nature of my work, has few common components, at least from what I can see. So I'm struggling to see how I can better make use of OOP design and perhaps reusable patterns. Am I right to be concerned that I could be being smarter about how I work, or is what I'm doing now right for my line of work? Or, am I missing something fundamental in OOP? EDIT: Here is some basic code to show how my mgr and api facing layers work. I use static classes as they do not persist any data, only facilitate moving it between layers. public static class MgrClass { public static bool PowerOnVM(string VMName) { // Perform logic to validate or apply biz logic // call APIClass to do the work return APIClass.PowerOnVM(VMName); } } public static class APIClass { public static bool PowerOnVM(string VMName) { // Calls to 3rd party API to power on a virtual machine // returns true or false if was successful for example } }

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• How would you TDD the functionality of getting the corresponding process of a running windows service?

  - by Matt Spinelli

  Purpose Over the last year or more I've been learning unit testing via books I've read recently like The Art of Unit Testing, Working Effectively with Legacy Code, and others. I've also been using unit tests, mocking frameworks, and the like, periodically at work and definitely see the value. However, I'm still having a hard time wrapping my mind around TDD (as opposed to TAD) when the situation calls for code that is gong to mostly use external API calls. Problem to solve Get the process associated with a windows service using the service name. example: Function GetProcess(ByVal serviceName As String) As Process Rules Show each major iteration in production & test code using TDD No need to see any other code or configuration that is required to get things to run. Just curious about the interfaces, concrete classes, and test methods. C# or VB.NET Must use the .Net framework regarding services/processes (i.e. System.Diagnostics.Process) Test Frameworks: Nunit or MSTest Isolation Frameworks: Moq, Rhino Mock, or Microsoft Moles Must write true unit tests (no integration tests) Additional notes As far as I can tell there are two approaches design wise. Use an Inversion of Control approach along with using the Adapter and/or Facade patterns to wrap the underlying .net framework objects dealing with processes and services. Keep the .net framework code in the class containing the Get Process method and use code detouring (interception) via Microsoft Moles to isolate the hard dependencies from the method under test.

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• API Class with intensive network requests

  - by Marco Acierno

  I'm working an API which works as "intermediary" between a REST API and the developer. In this way, when the programmer do something like this: User user = client.getUser(nickname); it will execute a network request to download from the service the data about the user and then the programmer can use the data by doing things like user.getLocation(); user.getDisplayName(); and so on. Now there are some methods like getFollowers() which execute another network request and i could do it in two ways: Download all the data in the getUser method (and not only the most important) but in this way the request time could be very long since it should execute the request to various urls Download the data when the user calls the method, it looks like the best way and to improve it i could cache the result so the next call to getFollowers returns immediately with the data already download instead of execute again the request. What is the best way? And i should let methods like getUser and getFollowers stop the code execution until the data is ready or i should implement a callback so when the data is ready the callback gets fired? (this looks like Javascript)

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• Algorithm to match items be value into sets base on total

  - by Ben

  Given n sets of items. Each item has a value. The items in a set have similar values but vary by a small amount. The goal is to create new sets containing three items selected from the original sets such that the total of the values is within a given range. Only one item a source set can be selected. For example: If we have the following starting sets: Set A - { 4.0, 3.8, 4.2 } Set B - { 7.0, 6.8, 7.2 } Set C - { 1.0, 0.9, 1.1 } Set D - { 6.5, 6.4, 6.6 } Set E - { 2.5, 2.4, 2.6 } Goal is to create sets containing three elements such that the total is between 11.9 and 12.1. For example { 3.8, 7.2, 1.0 } There can be unused elements. Can someone suggest an algorithm for this problem?

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• constructor should not call methods

  - by Stefano Borini

  I described to a colleague why a constructor calling a method is an antipattern. example (in my rusty C++) class C { public : C(int foo); void setFoo(int foo); private: int foo; } C::C(int foo) { setFoo(foo); } void C::setFoo(int foo) { this->foo = foo } I would like to motivate better this fact through your additional contribute. If you have examples, book references, blog pages, or names of principles, they would be very welcome. Edit: I'm talking in general, but we are coding in python.

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• How to present an Android Augmented Reality application?

  - by Egor

  I'm currently working on my diploma project - an application for Android that uses the Augmented Reality technology. I'll have to make a presentation of my app and I can't really think of a way to show this kind of application to the crowd. Anyone has ideas? Will really appreciate an elegant solution! EDIT The application shows users the information about the places around, some kind of Layar + Google Places. So the issue is that to use the application you must turn around with your device in hands to see the icons on the screen. Presentation would have been easier if I could just lay the device on the table and use the app.

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• Should I start MCPD training now or wait for new exams?

  - by lunchmeat317

  i apologize if this question has been asked before, or if this is the wrong place to put it. I'm beginning my study track for the MCPD certification in Web Development. However, Microsoft plans to retire this certification on July 31st of 2013, along with two of the necessary tests to receive the certification. On MS's site, I can't find a newer certification path to take - I imagine that Microsoft will release new certification paths and new tests for their new software, but I don't know when that will happen. I don't really know anything about Microsoft's process, as this is the first Microsoft certification I'll be studying for. The bottom line is this - I don't want to lose six months waiting for a new test to appear that won't expire, but I don't want to rush to get a certification that will be invalid in six months (or have to reset any progress due to new study material). To those with experience in affairs like this - what is the best course to take, and can I maximize the time I have now (not wait for new testing material)? Is there any way to find material for the new tests that Microsoft will be rolling out? Thank you for your patience. If this is the wrong place to put this question, I would like to request that it be moved to the correct StackExchange site instead of being closed. Thanks for your help!

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• 0.00006103515625 GB of RAM. Is .NET MicroFramework part of Windows CE?

  - by Rocket Surgeon

  The .NET MicroFramework claims to work on 64K RAM and has list of compatible targets vendors. At the same time, same vendors who ship hardware and create Board Support Packages (vendors like Adeneo) keep releasing something named Windows 7 CE BSP for the same hardware targets. Obviously the OS as heavy as WinCE needs more than 64K RAM. So, somehow .NET MicroFramework is relevant to WinCE, but how ? Is it part of bigger OS or is it base of it, or are both mutually exclusive ? Background: 0.00006103515625 GByte of RAM is same as 64Kbyte of RAM. I am looking for possiblity to use Microsoft development tools for small target like BeagleBone. http://www.adeneo-embedded.com/About-Us/News/Release-of-TI-BeagleBone Nice. Now .. where is a MicroFramework for the same beaglebone ? Is it inside the released pile ?

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• Generalise variable usage inside code

  - by Shirish11

  I would like to know if it is a good practice to generalize variables (use single variable to store all the values). Consider simple example Strings querycre,queryins,queryup,querydel; querycre = 'Create table XYZ ...'; execute querycre ; queryins = 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute queryins ; queryup = 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute queryup; querydel = 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute querydel ; and Strings query; query= 'Create table XYZ ... '; execute query ; query= 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute query ; query= 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute query ; query= 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute query ; In first case I use 4 strings each storing data to perform the actions mentioned in their suffixes. In second case just 1 variable to store all kinds the data. Having different variables makes it easier for someone else to read and understand it better. But having too many of them makes it difficult to manage. Also does having too many variables hamper my performance?

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• Code Smell: Inheritance Abuse

  - by dsimcha

  It's been generally accepted in the OO community that one should "favor composition over inheritance". On the other hand, inheritance does provide both polymorphism and a straightforward, terse way of delegating everything to a base class unless explicitly overridden and is therefore extremely convenient and useful. Delegation can often (though not always) be verbose and brittle. The most obvious and IMHO surest sign of inheritance abuse is violation of the Liskov Substitution Principle. What are some other signs that inheritance is The Wrong Tool for the Job even if it seems convenient?

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• generate parent child relation from the array to print a multi-level menu?

  - by Karthick Selvam

  How to get parent child relation from this array to print a multi-level menu $menus = array ( 0 => array ( 'id'=>0, 'check' => 1, 'display' =>'Arete Home', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => none, ), 1 => array ( 'id'=>1, 'check' => 1, 'display' => 'Submit Paper', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 2, 'subordering' => -10, ), 2 => array ( 'id'=>2, 'check' => 1, 'display' => 'Buy Now', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 1, 'subordering' => -10, ), 1461 => array ( 'id'=>1461, 'check' => 1, 'display' => 'Where are We?', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 2, 'subordering' => -10, ), 1463 => array ( 'id'=>1463, 'check' => 1, 'display' =>' About Me?', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 2, 'subordering' => -10, ), 1464 => array ( 'id'=>1464, 'check' => 1, 'display' => 'About You?', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 2, 'subordering' => -10, ), 1465 => array ( 'id'=>1465, 'check' => 1, 'display' => 'About who?', 'ordering' => -10, 'parent' => 1, 'subordering' => -10, ), ); code sample: foreach($menus as $id=>$values) { $values['parent']=isset($values['parent']) ? $values['parent'] : 0; $menus[$values['parent']]['childs'][$id]=$values; unset($menus[$id]); } foreach($menus as $id1=>$value2) { $value2['parent']=isset($value2['parent']) ? $value2['parent'] : 0; $menus[$value2['parent']]['childs'][$id1]=$value2; unset($menus[$id1]); }

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• Registration free hosting for ASP.NET web service

  - by Andrew

  I've built a simple ASP.NET web service, tested it locally and would like to test it when externally hosted. Are there free hosting services available where I can just upload the assembly and service description file and test it straight away. Without registering the account, etc. My service does not do anything malicious and I am ok to run it in a restricted (security sandbox, bandwith, calls per second, etc) environment? I have heard about appharbor.com but it looks like an overkill to test a simple web service.

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• I don't understand the definition of side effects

  - by Chris Okyen

  I don't understand the wikipedia article on Side Effects: In computer science, a function or expression is said to have a side effect if, in addition to returning a value, it also 1.) Modifies some state or 2.) Has an observable interaction with calling functions or the outside world. I know an example of the first thing that causes a function or expression to have side effects - modifying a state Function and Expression modifying a state : 1.) foo(int X) { return x = x % x; } a = a + 1; What does 2.) - Has an observable interaction with calling functions or the outside world," mean? - Please give an example. The article continues on to say, "For example, a function might modify a global or static variable, modify one of its arguments, raise an exception, write data to a display or file, read data, or call other side-effecting functions...." Are all these examples, examples of 1.) - Modifiying some state , or are they also part of 2.) - Has an observable interaction with calling functions or the outside world?

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• What's the best way to get up to speed with Java?

  - by Kosta

  I'm a software developer that just switched teams so I shall write code in Java now. Last time I wrote something in the language was in programming 101 at uni (I was already an amateur coder back then). So what is the best book/tutorial to get up to speed with Java? Where's the Java - the good parts? Learn you some Java for great good? Learn Java the hard way? Or is it too enterprisey for that kind of passion...?

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• What features of old computers helped you learn to be a better programmer?

  - by David Cary

  What features of old computers helped you learn to be a better programmer -- but don't seem to be available on new computers? I imagine that, while educational, you are really glad some features are gone, such as programs ran so slowly that I could almost see each pixel being plotted, so I got a visceral feel for the effect of various optimizations. I imagine other features you may be a little nostalgic for, such as I could turn on the computer, and write a short program that printed "Hello, World" on the printer, before ever "booting" a "disk". (I'm hoping that this is constructive enough to avoid the fate of the " What have we lost from computers 20 years ago ?" question).

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• Compilable modern alternatives to C/C++

  - by Jeremy French

  I am considering writing a new software product. Performance will be critical, so I am wary of using an interpreted or language or one that uses a emulation layer (read java). Which leads me to thinking of using C (or C++) however these are both rather long in the tooth. I haven't used either for a long time. I figure in the last 20 years someone should have created something which is reasonably popular and is nice to code in and is complied. What more modern alternatives are there to C for writing high performance code compiled code? edit in response to comments If C++ is a different beast than it was 15 years ago, I would consider it, I guess I had an assumption that it had some inherent problems. Parallelisation would be important, but probably not across multiple machines.

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• Computer Science Fundamentals - Recommended books

  - by contactmatt

  Hey, I'm looking to see if anyone can recommend any books in fundamentals of computer science. I obtained my associates degree as a programmer/analyst a couple years ago and I know a good amount about programming on the .NET framework. I'm even certified on the .NET 4 framework as a web application developer. However, since I was only able to obtain my associates degree, I was deprived at my college on the low-level basics and operations of computers and basic computer science information. I'm really interesting in learning about the low-level operations of a computer and in programming (bytes, bits, memory management, etc.) Can anyone recommend any good computer science books for someone who is decently experienced in programming? Thank You

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• How are requirements determined in open source software projects?

  - by Aron Lindberg

  In corporate in-house software development it is common for requirements to be determined through a formal process resulting in the creation of a number of requirements documents. In open source software development, this often seems to be absent. Hence, my question is: how are requirements determined in open source software projects? By "determining requirements" I simply mean "figuring out what features etc. should be developed as part of a specific software".

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• What are the processes of true Quality assurance?

  - by user970696

  Having read that Quality Assurance (QA) is focused on processes (while Quality Control (QC) is focused on the product), the books often mentions QA is the verification process - doing peer reviews, inspections etc. I still tend to think these are also QC as they check intermediate products. Elsewhere I have read that QA activity is e.g. choosing the right bugtracker. That sounds better to me in terms of process improvement. The question that close-voting person obviously missed is pretty clear: What are the activities that true QA should perform? I would appreciate the reference as I work on my thesis dealing with all these discrepancies and inconsistencies in the software quality world.

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• Getting started with Team Foundation Server

  - by joe

  At work, we recently started using Team Foundation Server to manage our source code, i have no idea how to use this system. I do not know even know how to check source code in and out. Does anyone know of a step-by-step tutorial on how to work with TFS? Just for basic operations e.g. get latest version, upload your changes, etc. I am accessing it from Visual Studio 2010. I also have access to the TFS web interface.

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