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• How to format JSON Date?

  - by Mark Struzinski

  I'm taking my first crack at AJAX with jQuery. I'm getting my data onto my page, but I'm having some trouble with the JSON that is returned for Date data types. Basically, I'm getting a string back that looks like this: /Date(1224043200000)/ From a total newbie at JSON - How do I format this to a short date format? Should this be handled somewhere in the jQuery code? I've tried the jQuery.UI.datepicker plugin using $.datepicker.formatDate() wiuth no success. FYI: Here's the solution I came up with using a combination of the answers here: function getMismatch(id) { $.getJSON("Main.aspx?Callback=GetMismatch", { MismatchId: id }, function(result) { $("#AuthMerchId").text(result.AuthorizationMerchantId); $("#SttlMerchId").text(result.SettlementMerchantId); $("#CreateDate").text(formatJSONDate(Date(result.AppendDts))); $("#ExpireDate").text(formatJSONDate(Date(result.ExpiresDts))); $("#LastUpdate").text(formatJSONDate(Date(result.LastUpdateDts))); $("#LastUpdatedBy").text(result.LastUpdateNt); $("#ProcessIn").text(result.ProcessIn); } ); return false; } function formatJSONDate(jsonDate){ var newDate = dateFormat(jsonDate, "mm/dd/yyyy"); return newDate; } This solution got my object from the callback method and displayed the dates on the page properly using the date format library.

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• Events + Adapter Pattern

  - by Stretto

  I have an adapter pattern on a generic class that essentially adapts between types: class A<T> { event EventHandler e; } class Aadapter<T1, T2> : A<T1> { A<T2> a; Aadapter(A<T2> _a) { a = _a; } } The problem is that A contains an event. I effectively want all event handlers assigned to Adapter to fall through to a. It would be awesome if I could assign the a's event handler to adapter's event handler but this is impossible? The idea here is that A is almost really just A but we need a way to adapt the them. Because of the way event's work I can't how to efficiently do it except manually add two event handlers and when they are called they "relay" the to the other event. This isn't pretty though and it would seem much nicer if I could have something like class A<T> { event EventHandler e; } class Aadapter<T1, T2> : A<T1> { event *e; A<T2> a; Aadapter(A<T2> _a) { a = _a; e = a.e; } } in a sense we have a pointer to the event that we can assign a2's event to. I doubt there is any simple way but maybe someone has some idea to make it work. (BTW, I realize this is possible with virtual events but I'd like to avoid this if at all possible)

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• Interesting Scala typing solution, doesn't work in 2.7.7?

  - by djc

  I'm trying to build some image algebra code that can work with images (basically a linear pixel buffer + dimensions) that have different types for the pixel. To get this to work, I've defined a parametrized Pixel trait with a few methods that should be able to get used with any Pixel subclass. (For now, I'm only interested in operations that work on the same Pixel type.) Here it is: trait Pixel[T <: Pixel[T]] { def mul(v: Double): T def max(v: T): T def div(v: Double): T def div(v: T): T } Now I define a single Pixel type that has storage based on three doubles (basically RGB 0.0-1.0), I've called it TripleDoublePixel: class TripleDoublePixel(v: Array[Double]) extends Pixel[TripleDoublePixel] { var data: Array[Double] = v def this() = this(Array(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)) def toString(): String = { "(" + data(0) + ", " + data(1) + ", " + data(2) + ")" } def increment(v: TripleDoublePixel) { data(0) += v.data(0) data(1) += v.data(1) data(2) += v.data(2) } def mul(v: Double): TripleDoublePixel = { new TripleDoublePixel(data.map(x => x * v)) } def div(v: Double): TripleDoublePixel = { new TripleDoublePixel(data.map(x => x / v)) } def div(v: TripleDoublePixel): TripleDoublePixel = { var tmp = new Array[Double](3) tmp(0) = data(0) / v.data(0) tmp(1) = data(1) / v.data(1) tmp(2) = data(2) / v.data(2) new TripleDoublePixel(tmp) } def max(v: TripleDoublePixel): TripleDoublePixel = { val lv = data(0) * data(0) + data(1) * data(1) + data(2) * data(2) val vv = v.data(0) * v.data(0) + v.data(1) * v.data(1) + v.data(2) * v.data(2) if (lv > vv) (this) else v } } Now I want to write code to use this, that doesn't have to know what type the pixels are. For example: def idiv[T](a: Image[T], b: Image[T]) { for (i <- 0 until a.data.size) { a.data(i) = a.data(i).div(b.data(i)) } } Unfortunately, this doesn't compile: (fragment of lindet-gen.scala):145: error: value div is not a member of T a.data(i) = a.data(i).div(b.data(i)) I was told in #scala that this worked for someone else, but that was on 2.8. I've tried to get 2.8-rc1 going, but it doesn't compile for me. Is there any way to get this to work in 2.7.7?

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• operator overloading and inheritance

  - by user168715

  I was given the following code: class FibHeapNode { //... // These all have trivial implementation virtual void operator =(FibHeapNode& RHS); virtual int operator ==(FibHeapNode& RHS); virtual int operator <(FibHeapNode& RHS); }; class Event : public FibHeapNode { // These have nontrivial implementation virtual void operator=(FibHeapNode& RHS); virtual int operator==(FibHeapNode& RHS); virtual int operator<(FibHeapNode& RHS); }; class FibHeap { //... int DecreaseKey(FibHeapNode *theNode, FibHeapNode& NewKey) { FibHeapNode *theParent; // Some code if (theParent != NULL && *theNode < *theParent) { //... } //... return 1; } }; Much of FibHeap's implementation is similar: FibHeapNode pointers are dereferenced and then compared. Why does this code work? (or is it buggy?) I would think that the virtuals here would have no effect: since *theNode and *theParent aren't pointer or reference types, no dynamic dispatch occurs and FibHeapNode::operator< gets called no matter what's written in Event.

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• Is Mapping SIMPLE data to winform control really as hard as it seems?

  - by HotOil

  Hi: I'm making a leap from MFC to WinForms. It has all gone smoothly so far; The windows/gui parts of winforms app development are making good sense to me. But. Now all I want to do is display simple data types in the controls on the form, and retrieve them from the controls when the user clicks. This is a very simple operation in MFC.. (DataExchange) but seems to be much more complicated in .NET. Binding ? DataObject ? DataSet ? no.. I don't want a dataset or records or columns or any of that. I just want to map an or a bool to a checkbox or a radiobutton.. I have looked but have not found any good examples of doing this in C++. Is it really this hard? Really? What am I missing? Thanks-

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• Prevent coersion to a single type in unlist() or c(); passing arguments to wrapper functions

  - by Leo Alekseyev

  Is there a simple way to flatten a list while retaining the original types of list constituents?.. Is there a way to programmatically construct a heterogeneous list?.. For instance, I want to create a simple wrapper for functions like png(filename,width,height) that would take device name, file name, and a list of options. The naive approach would be something like my.wrapper <- function(dev,name,opts) { do.call(dev,c(filename=name,opts)) } or similar code with unlist(list(...)). This doesn't work because opts gets coerced to character, and the resulting call is e.g. png(filename,width="500",height="500"). If there's no straightforward way to create heterogeneous lists like that, is there a standard idiomatic way to splice arguments into functions without naming them explicitly (e.g. do.call(dev,list(filename=name,width=opts["width"]))? -- Edit -- Gavin Simpson answered both questions below in his discussion about constructing wrapper functions. Let me give a summary of the answer to the title question: It is possible to construct a heterogeneous list with c() provided the arguments to c() are lists. To wit: > foo <- c("a","b"); bar <- 1:3 > c(foo,bar) [1] "a" "b" "1" "2" "3" > c(list(foo),list(bar)) [[1]] [1] "a" "b" [[2]] [1] 1 2 3 > c(as.list(foo),as.list(bar)) ## this creates a flattened heterogeneous list [[1]] [1] "a" [[2]] [1] "b" [[3]] [1] 1 [[4]] [1] 2 [[5]] [1] 3

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• Templates, Function Pointers and C++0x

  - by user328543

  One of my personal experiments to understand some of the C++0x features: I'm trying to pass a function pointer to a template function to execute. Eventually the execution is supposed to happen in a different thread. But with all the different types of functions, I can't get the templates to work. #include `<functional`> int foo(void) {return 2;} class bar { public: int operator() (void) {return 4;}; int something(int a) {return a;}; }; template <class C> int func(C&& c) { //typedef typename std::result_of< C() >::type result_type; typedef typename std::conditional< std::is_pointer< C >::value, std::result_of< C() >::type, std::conditional< std::is_object< C >::value, std::result_of< typename C::operator() >::type, void> >::type result_type; result_type result = c(); return result; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { // call with a function pointer func(foo); // call with a member function bar b; func(b); // call with a bind expression func(std::bind(&bar::something, b, 42)); // call with a lambda expression func( [](void)->int {return 12;} ); return 0; } The result_of template alone doesn't seem to be able to find the operator() in class bar and the clunky conditional I created doesn't compile. Any ideas? Will I have additional problems with const functions?

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• Conditionally colour data points outside of confidence bands in R

  - by D W

  I need to colour datapoints that are outside of the the confidence bands on the plot below differently from those within the bands. Should I add a separate column to my dataset to record whether the data points are within the confidence bands? Can you provide an example please? Example dataset: ## Dataset from http://www.apsnet.org/education/advancedplantpath/topics/RModules/doc1/04_Linear_regression.html ## Disease severity as a function of temperature # Response variable, disease severity diseasesev<-c(1.9,3.1,3.3,4.8,5.3,6.1,6.4,7.6,9.8,12.4) # Predictor variable, (Centigrade) temperature<-c(2,1,5,5,20,20,23,10,30,25) ## For convenience, the data may be formatted into a dataframe severity <- as.data.frame(cbind(diseasesev,temperature)) ## Fit a linear model for the data and summarize the output from function lm() severity.lm <- lm(diseasesev~temperature,data=severity) jpeg('~/Desktop/test1.jpg') # Take a look at the data plot( diseasesev~temperature, data=severity, xlab="Temperature", ylab="% Disease Severity", pch=16, pty="s", xlim=c(0,30), ylim=c(0,30) ) title(main="Graph of % Disease Severity vs Temperature") par(new=TRUE) # don't start a new plot ## Get datapoints predicted by best fit line and confidence bands ## at every 0.01 interval xRange=data.frame(temperature=seq(min(temperature),max(temperature),0.01)) pred4plot <- predict( lm(diseasesev~temperature), xRange, level=0.95, interval="confidence" ) ## Plot lines derrived from best fit line and confidence band datapoints matplot( xRange, pred4plot, lty=c(1,2,2), #vector of line types and widths type="l", #type of plot for each column of y xlim=c(0,30), ylim=c(0,30), xlab="", ylab="" )

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• Why can a public class not inherit from a less visible one?

  - by Dan Tao

  I apologize if this question has been asked before. I've searched SO somewhat and wasn't able to find it. I'm just curious what the rationale behind this design was/is. Obviously I understand that private/internal members of a base type cannot, nor should they, be exposed through a derived public type. But it seems to my naive thinking that the "hidden" parts could easily remain hidden while some base functionality is still shared and a new interface is exposed publicly. I'm thinking of something along these lines: Assembly X internal class InternalClass { protected virtual void DoSomethingProtected() { // Let's say this method provides some useful functionality. // Its visibility is quite limited (only to derived types in // the same assembly), but at least it's there. } } public class PublicClass : InternalClass { public void DoSomethingPublic() { // Now let's say this method is useful enough that this type // should be public. What's keeping us from leveraging the // base functionality laid out in InternalClass's implementation, // without exposing anything that shouldn't be exposed? } } Assembly Y public class OtherPublicClass : PublicClass { // It seems (again, to my naive mind) that this could work. This class // simply wouldn't be able to "see" any of the methods of InternalClass // from AssemblyX directly. But it could still access the public and // protected members of PublicClass that weren't inherited from // InternalClass. Does this make sense? What am I missing? }

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• "Invalid assignment" error from == operator

  - by Tom

  I was trying to write a simple method: boolean validate(MyObject o) { // propertyA && propertyB are not primitive types. return o.getPropertyA() == null && o.getPropertyB() == null; } And got a strange error on the == null part: Syntax error on token ==. Invalid assignment operator. Maybe my Java is rusty after a season in PLSQL. So I tried a simpler example: Integer i = 4; i == null; // compile error: Syntax error on token ==. Invalid assignment operator. Integer i2 = 4; if (i == null); //No problem How can this be? I'm using jdk160_05. To clarify: I'm not trying to assign anything, just do an && operation between two boolean values. I don't want to do this: if (o.propertyA() == null && o.propertyB() == null) { return true; } else { return false; }

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• Are there any other ways to iterate through the attributes of a custom class, excluding the in-built ones?

  - by Ricardo Altamirano

  Is there another way to iterate through only the attributes of a custom class that are not in-built (e.g. __dict__, __module__, etc.)? For example, in this code: class Terrain: WATER = -1 GRASS = 0 HILL = 1 MOUNTAIN = 2 I can iterate through all of these attributes like this: for key, value in Terrain.__dict__.items(): print("{: <11}".format(key), " --> ", value) which outputs: MOUNTAIN --> 2 __module__ --> __main__ WATER --> -1 HILL --> 1 __dict__ --> <attribute '__dict__' of 'Terrain' objects> GRASS --> 0 __weakref__ --> <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Terrain' objects> __doc__ --> None If I just want the integer arguments (a rudimentary version of an enumerated type), I can use this: for key, value in Terrain.__dict__.items(): if type(value) is int: # type(value) == int print("{: <11}".format(key), " --> ", value) this gives the expected result: MOUNTAIN --> 2 WATER --> -1 HILL --> 1 GRASS --> 0 Is it possible to iterate through only the non-in-built attributes of a custom class independent of type, e.g. if the attributes are not all integral. Presumably I could expand the conditional to include more types, but I want to know if there are other ways I'm missing.

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• Unit test approach for generic classes/methods

  - by Greg

  Hi, What's the recommended way to cover off unit testing of generic classes/methods? For example (referring to my example code below). Would it be a case of have 2 or 3 times the tests to cover testing the methods with a few different types of TKey, TNode classes? Or is just one class enough? public class TopologyBase<TKey, TNode, TRelationship> where TNode : NodeBase<TKey>, new() where TRelationship : RelationshipBase<TKey>, new() { // Properties public Dictionary<TKey, NodeBase<TKey>> Nodes { get; private set; } public List<RelationshipBase<TKey>> Relationships { get; private set; } // Constructors protected TopologyBase() { Nodes = new Dictionary<TKey, NodeBase<TKey>>(); Relationships = new List<RelationshipBase<TKey>>(); } // Methods public TNode CreateNode(TKey key) { var node = new TNode {Key = key}; Nodes.Add(node.Key, node); return node; } public void CreateRelationship(NodeBase<TKey> parent, NodeBase<TKey> child) { . . .

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• Segmentation Fault

  - by Biranchi

  Hi All, I have the following piece of code for getting the hostname and IP address, #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <netdb.h> /* This is the header file needed for gethostbyname() */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct hostent *he; if (argc!=2){ printf("Usage: %s <hostname>\n",argv[0]); exit(-1); } if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL){ printf("gethostbyname() error\n"); exit(-1); } printf("Hostname : %s\n",he->h_name); /* prints the hostname */ printf("IP Address: %s\n",inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr))); /* prints IP address */ } but i am getting a warning and segmentation fault as host.c: In function ‘main’: host.c:24: warning: format ‘%s’ expects type ‘char *’, but argument 2 has type ‘int’ What is the error in the code ?? Thanks

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• Create Extension Method to Produce Open & Closing Tags like Html.BeginForm()

  - by DaveDev

  Hi Guys I wonder if it's possible to create an extension method which has functionality & behaviour similar to Html.BeginForm(), in that it would generate a complete Html tag, and I could specificy its contents inside <% { & } %> tags. For example, I could have a view like: <% using(Html.BeginDiv("divId")) %> <% { %> <!-- Form content goes here --> <% } %> This capability would be very useful in the context of the functionality I'm trying to produce with the example in this question This would give me the ability to create containers for the types that I'll be <% var myType = new MyType(123, 234); %> <% var tag = new TagBuilder("div"); %> <% using(Html.BeginDiv<MyType>(myType, tag) %> <% { %> <!-- controls used for the configuration of MyType --> <!-- represented in the context of a HTML element, e.g.: --> <div class="MyType" prop1="123" prop2="234"> <!-- add a select here --> <!-- add a radio control here --> <!-- whatever, it represents elements in the context of their type --> </div> <% } %> I realise this will produce invalid XHTML, but I think there could be other benefits that outweigh this, especially since this project doesn't require that the XHTML validate to the W3C standards. Thanks Dave

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• Writing a generic function that can take a Writer as well as an OutputStream

  - by ebruchez

  I wrote a couple of functions that look like this: def myWrite(os: OutputStream) = {} def myWrite(w: Writer) = {} Now both are very similar and I thought I would try to write a single parametrized version of the function. I started with a type with the two methods that are common in the Java OutputStream and Writer: type Writable[T] = { def close() : Unit def write(cbuf: Array[T], off: Int, len: Int): Unit } One issue is that OutputStream writes Byte and Writer writes Char, so I parametrized the type with T. Then I write my function: def myWrite[T, A[T] <: Writable[T]](out: A[T]) = {} and try to use it: val w = new java.io.StringWriter() myWrite(w) Result: <console>:9: error: type mismatch; found : java.io.StringWriter required: ?A[ ?T ] Note that implicit conversions are not applicable because they are ambiguous: both method any2ArrowAssoc in object Predef of type [A](x: A)ArrowAssoc[A] and method any2Ensuring in object Predef of type [A](x: A)Ensuring[A] are possible conversion functions from java.io.StringWriter to ?A[ ?T ] myWrite(w) I tried a few other combinations of types and parameters, to no avail so far. My question is whether there is a way of achieving this at all, and if so how. (Note that the implementation of myWrite will need, internally, to know the type T that parametrizes the write() method, because it needs to create a buffer as in new ArrayT.)

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• Launching and Intent from file and mime type

  - by stonedonkey

  I've reviewed all the similar questions here, but I can't for the life of me figure out what I'm doing wrong. I've written an application that tries to launch various files, sort of a file browser, when a file is clicked it tries to launch the program based on it's associated MIME type or I want it to present the "Choose Application to Launch" dialog. Here's the code I'm using to launch: File file = new File(app.mediaPath() + "/" +_mediaFiles.get(position)); Intent myIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW); String extension = android.webkit.MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(Uri.fromFile(file).toString()); String mimetype = android.webkit.MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(extension); myIntent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file),mimetype); startActivity(myIntent); This fails and generates a: android.content.ActivityNotFoundException: No Activity found to handle Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW dat=file:///file:/mnt/sdcard/roms/nes/Baseball_simulator.nes } Now if I install OI File Manager for instance, it opens instead of this error being thrown, and then if I click the same file from within in it, it launches the approriate dialogs. I have noticed that the MIME type for that particular file fails, but other mime types like .zip do return values. Am I missing something that when the MIME type is null to call a dialog that lets the user select? I've tried other variations of launching the app, including not setting the mime type and only using .setData with no success. The action I want to happen is, a user clicks a file, if it's associated with an application that app launches, if not, the user gets the "Complete action using" dialog with a list of apps. Thanks for any advice.

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• Passing $_GET or $_POST data to PHP script that is run with wget

  - by Matt

  Hello, I have the following line of PHP code which works great: exec( 'wget http://www.mydomain.com/u1.php /dev/null &' ); u1.php acts to do various types of maintenance on my server and the above command makes it happen in the background. No problems there. But I need to pass variable data to u1.php before it's executed. I'd like to pass POST data preferably, but could accommodate GET or SESSION data if POST isn't an option. Basically the type of data being passed is user-specific and will vary depending on who is logged in to the site and triggering the above code. I've tried adding the GET data to the end of the URL and that didn't work. So how else might I be able to send the data to u1.php? POST data preferred, SESSION data would work as well (but I tried this and it didn't pick up the logged in user's session data). GET would be a last resort. Thanks!

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• .htaccess trickery multi-language website

  - by user1658741

  I have a website right now that uses two languages (french and english) The way it works right now is that if someone goes to mysite.com/folder/file.php for example, file.php is simply a script that figures out which language to use, get's it's own path and filename(file.php) and serves up mysite.com/en/folder/file.php (if the language is english). However what shows up in the URL is still mysite.com/folder/file.php. For any folder and any file the same script is used. If I want to add a new file I have to add the file to the folder the user types into the browser as well to the en and fr folders. Could I do some .htaccess trickery so that whatever URL is typed, one .php file gets open that checks the language and what folder/file was requested and then serves up the correct language file? here's the php file that is served up for any files in the URL. <?php // Get current document path which is mirrored in the language folders $docpath = $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; // Get current document name (Used when switching languages so that the same current page is shown when language is changed) $docname = GetDocName(); //call up lang.php which handles display of appropriate language webpage. //lang.php uses $docpath and $docname to give out the proper $langfile. //$docpath/$docname is mirrored in the /lang/en and /lang/fr folders $langfile = GetDocRoot()."/lang/lang.php"; include("$langfile"); //Call up the proper language file to display function GetDocRoot() { $temp = getenv("SCRIPT_NAME"); $localpath=realpath(basename(getenv("SCRIPT_NAME"))); $localpath=str_replace("\\","/",$localpath); $docroot=substr($localpath,0, strpos($localpath,$temp)); return $docroot; } function GetDocName() { $currentFile = $_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]; $parts = Explode('/', $currentFile); $dn = $parts[count($parts) - 1]; return $dn; } ?>

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• Finding patterns of failure in a Unit Test

  - by Pekka

  I'm new to Unit Testing, and I'm only getting into the routine of building test suites. I have what is going to be a rather large project that I want to build tests for from the start. I'm trying to figure out general strategies and patterns for building test suites. When you look at a class, many tests come to you obviously due to the nature of the class. Say for a "user account" class with basic CRUD operations, being related to a database table, we will want to test - well, the CRUD. creating an object and seeing whether it exists query its properties change some properties change some properties to incorrect values and delete it again. As for how to break things, there are "fail" tests common to most CRUD classes like: Invalid input data types A number as the ID key that exceeds the range of the chosen data type Input in an incorrect character encoding Input that is too long And so on and so on. For a unit test concerned with file operations, the list of "breaking things" could be Invalid characters in file name File name too long File name uses incorrect protocol or path I'm pretty sure similar patterns - applicable beyond the unit test one is currently working on - can be found for most units that are being tested. Now my question is: Am I correct in seeing such "breaking patterns"? Or am I getting something completely wrong about Unit testing, and if I did it right, this wouldn't be an issue at all? Is Unit Testing as a process of finding as many ways to break the unit as possible the right way to go? If I am correct: Are there existing definitions, lists, cheat sheets for such patterns? Are there any provisions (mainly in PHPUnit, as that's the framework I'm working in) to automate such patterns? Is there any assistance - in the form of check lists, or software - to aid in writing complete tests?

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• Intelligent search and generation of Java code, preferrably using Python?

  - by Ipsquiggle

  Basically, I do lots of one-off code generation, large-scale refactorings, etc. etc. in Java. My tool language of choice is Python, but I'll take whatever solutions you can offer. Here is a simplified illustration of what I would like, in a pseudocode Generating an implementation for an interface search within my project: for each Interface as iName: write class(name=iName+"Impl", implements=iName) search within the body of iName: for each Method as mName: write method(name=mName, body="// TODO implement this...") Basically, the tool I'm searching for would allow me to: parse files according to their Java structure ("search for interfaces") search for words contextualized by language elements and types ("variables of type SomeClass", "doStuff() method calls on SomeClass instances") to run searches with structural context ("within the body of the current result") easily replace or generate code (with helpers to generate, as above, or functions for replacing, "rename the interface to Foo", "insert the line Blah.Blah()", etc.) The point is, I don't want to spend a lot of time writing these things, as they are usually throwaway. But sometimes I need something just a little smarter than what grep offers. It wouldn't be too hard to write up a simplistic version of this, but if I'm going to use something like this at all, I'd expect it to be robust. Any suggestions of a tool/library that will help me accomplish this?

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• short-cutting equality checking in F#?

  - by John Clements

  In F#, the equality operator (=) is generally extensional, rather than intensional. That's great! Unfortunately, it appears to me that F# does not use pointer equality to short-cut these extensional comparisons. For instance, this code: type Z = MT | NMT of Z ref // create a Z: let a = ref MT // make it point to itself: a := NMT a // check to see whether it's equal to itself: printf "a = a: %A\n" (a = a) ... gives me a big fat segmentation fault[*], despite the fact that 'a' and 'a' both evaluate to the same reference. That's not so great. Other functional languages (e.g. PLT Scheme) get this right, using pointer comparisons conservatively, to return 'true' when it can be determined using a pointer comparison. So: I'll accept the fact that F#'s equality operator doesn't use short-cutting; is there some way to perform an intensional (pointer-based) equality check? The (==) operator is not defined on my types, and I'd love it if someone could tell me that it's available somehow. Or tell me that I'm wrong in my analysis of the situation: I'd love that, too... [*] That would probably be a stack overflow on Windows; there are things about Mono that I'm not that fond of...

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• Why use shorter VARCHAR(n) fields?

  - by chryss

  It is frequently advised to choose database field sizes to be as narrow as possible. I am wondering to what degree this applies to SQL Server 2005 VARCHAR columns: Storing 10-letter English words in a VARCHAR(255) field will not take up more storage than in a VARCHAR(10) field. Are there other reasons to restrict the size of VARCHAR fields to stick as closely as possible to the size of the data? I'm thinking of Performance: Is there an advantage to using a smaller n when selecting, filtering and sorting on the data? Memory, including on the application side (C++)? Style/validation: How important do you consider restricting colunm size to force non-sensical data imports to fail (such as 200-character surnames)? Anything else? Background: I help data integrators with the design of data flows into a database-backed system. They have to use an API that restricts their choice of data types. For character data, only VARCHAR(n) with n <= 255 is available; CHAR, NCHAR, NVARCHAR and TEXT are not. We're trying to lay down some "good practices" rules, and the question has come up if there is a real detriment to using VARCHAR(255) even for data where real maximum sizes will never exceed 30 bytes or so. Typical data volumes for one table are 1-10 Mio records with up to 150 attributes. Query performance (SELECT, with frequently extensive WHERE clauses) and application-side retrieval performance are paramount.

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• Python server open all ports

  - by user1670178

  I am trying to open all ports using this code, why can I not create a loop to perform this function? http://www.kellbot.com/2010/02/tutorial-writing-a-tcp-server-in-python/ #!/usr/bin/python # This is server.py file ##server.py from socket import * #import the socket library n=1025 while n<1050: ##let's set up some constants HOST = '' #we are the host PORT = n #arbitrary port not currently in use ADDR = (HOST,PORT) #we need a tuple for the address BUFSIZE = 4096 #reasonably sized buffer for data ## now we create a new socket object (serv) ## see the python docs for more information on the socket types/flags serv = socket( AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) ##bind our socket to the address serv.bind((ADDR)) #the double parens are to create a tuple with one element serv.listen(5) #5 is the maximum number of queued connections we'll allow serv = socket( AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) ##bind our socket to the address serv.bind((ADDR)) #the double parens are to create a tuple with one element serv.listen(5) #5 is the maximum number of queued connections we'll allow print 'listening...' n=n+1 conn,addr = serv.accept() #accept the connection print '...connected!' conn.send('TEST') conn.close() How do I make this work so that I can specify input range and have the server open all ports up to 65535? #!/usr/bin/python # This is server.py file from socket import * #import the socket library startingPort=input("\nPlease enter starting port: ") startingPort=int(startingPort) #print startingPort def connection(): ## let's set up some constants HOST = '' #we are the host PORT = startingPort #arbitrary port not currently in use ADDR = (HOST,PORT) #we need a tuple for the address BUFSIZE = 4096 #reasonably sized buffer for data def socketObject(): ## now we create a new socket object (serv) serv = socket( AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) def bind(): ## bind our socket to the address serv = socket( AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) serv.bind((ADDR)) #the double parens are to create a tuple with one element serv.listen(5) #5 is the maximum number of queued connections we'll allow serv = socket( AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) print 'listening...' def accept(): conn,addr = serv.accept() #accept the connection print '...connected!' conn.send('TEST') def close(): conn.close() ## Main while startingPort<65535: connection() socketObject() bind() accept() startingPort=startingPort+1

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• What new Unicode functions are there in C++0x?

  - by luiscubal

  It has been mentioned in several sources that C++0x will include better language-level support for Unicode(including types and literals). If the language is going to add these new features, it's only natural to assume that the standard library will as well. However, I am currently unable to find any references to the new standard library. I expected to find out the answer for these answers: Does the new library provide standard methods to convert UTF-8 to UTF-16, etc.? Does the new library allowing writing UTF-8 to files, to the console (or from files, from the console). If so, can we use cout or will we need something else? Does the new library include "basic" functionality such as: discovering the byte count and length of a UTF-8 string, converting to upper-case/lower-case(does this consider the influence of locales?) Finally, are any of these functions are available in any popular compilers such as GCC or Visual Studio? I have tried to look for information, but I can't seem to find anything? I am actually starting to think that maybe these things aren't even decided yet(I am aware that C++0x is a work in progress).

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• Detect that the onscreen keyboard has been displayed on Windows Phone 7

  - by David_001

  Simple question: How do I detect that the onscreen keyboard has been displayed on windows mobile 7? Is there an event I can add a listener to? It takes up about half the screen and I want to scroll the view up when it gets displayed... EDIT: A comment below indicates more clearly what I'm trying to do: I have a textbox input, and as the user types into it an autocomplete dropdown appears below it (like google suggest). By default, the active control (the textbox) scrolls into view when focussed, and the onscreen keyboard is directly below it. The onscreen keyboard appears in front of my autocomplete dropdown - what I want to do is make the screen scroll a little further up, so there's some room for my dropdown to be shown. The windows phone UI design guidelines say: "When the keyboard is deployed, the application should scroll to ensure the active edit control and the caret are in view". This happens fine, it's just the non-active dropdown gets hidden behind the onscreen keyboard. The guidelines also say that an application can choose to show the onscreen keyboard, and can also choose to close it. At the moment i'm stuck, and I don't think (based on my research and the replies to this question) that it's possible to detect that the onscreen keyboard has been displayed. I'm moving my investigation to see if it's possible to determine the "visible area" of the page (width & height in pixels for example), and combine this with an onfocus for the textbox... not sure if this will prove fruitful though.

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