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• Local, Multiple-Blog (ie Dashboard) Blogging Software as Alternative to Blogger [closed]

  - by Synetech inc.

  FOR RE-OPENING: I don’t see how it is “too localized”. Plenty of people like to run their own web-apps instead of relying on third-party services. If that were not true, then WordPress, phpBB, Apache, PHP, etc. would not be available for general use. As for “Internet audience at large”, I must have missed the part where it was a rule that you are only allowed to ask for help for things that applies to everyone else too; I thought you were allowed to ask for help. Besides, if someone knows of software that fulfills the question, then it is relevant to whomever would download it, and so is not only applicable to an “extraordinarily narrow situation”. (Besides, the reason that I was asking was because Google had announced that it was discontinuing FTP support for Blogger and so many people were affected—read NOT TOO LOCALIZED—and were trying to find alternatives.) Hi, I am trying to find software (for Windows, PHP, MySQL/SQLite/flat, free, open-source) to localize all of my software and service so that I can keep my files and host when needed from my own system instead of some remote computer. I’ve already selected things like web, FTP, and db servers. I’ve chosen forum and wiki software, as well as an RCS system. At this point, all I’m still looking for—actually, I still need to choose bug-tracking software, but besides that—is blogging software. I still use Blogger and am trying to find something that I can use to import my Blogger stuff and store on (and publish to) my home system. I have read of various blogging software including WordPress, MovableType, and TextPattern. The problem is that I am trying to find something that is like Blogger (which from what I can tell is not available on Google Code as open-source). What I specifically need is multiple-blog support. That is, multiple blogs ala the Blogger Dashboard, not multiple user accounts (although that is important as well). The closest thing that I have been able to find is using Wordpress categories to simulate multiple blogs, but that’s not really what I want. I want software that I can run locally that has a multi-blog dashboard like Blogger. Any ideas? Thanks a lot!

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• where on disk is space allocated for new files inside LVM lv with ext4 file system?

  - by Jost

  I run a multi-disk server with LVM2. Several large disks serve as LVM2 physical volumes for one volume group, containing one logical volume formatted with ext4. Nothing fancy, just your standard linear setup. Recently an additional, very small disk was added as physical volume to that volume group and I expanded both the logical volume, and the ext4 file system therein onto that disk. This lv is used to store incremental backups using rsync and is only about 30% full, there have rarely been any files deleted from it, only incremental writes. Now this new HDD I added to the pre-existing volume group has unexpectedly died on me, and the volume group won't come up because it is missing one physical volume. As fate will have it, this WAS the "in an event of catastrophic failure on the primary server"-backup, the event happened, the boss is not happy, so this kinda has to work... According to this (Part 3): http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/appnote/19386.html it is possible to trick LVM into starting anyway by creating a new pv with identical metadata to the failed disk, which will make the volume accessible, but of course leave giant holes in the file system. I have'n tried it yet, because it involves repairing (writing to) the file system which eliminates the possibility of trying other things if it fails. Now my question is: How does this setup actually allocate disk space for new data? Is it allocated linearly from beginning to end of PVs, in the order they were added to the vg? Is it striped somehow in order to increase performance/balance load? since this defective disk was added only later to an existing lvm2 vg and lv, containing a half-empty ext4, what are the chances that there was never any data written to the defective disk? In other words: what are the chances of recovering all my data, even without the defective disk, by just starting the volume group as-is? Am I about to go spend $1500 on having 250GB of empty space recovered when I send the defective disk in for repair? Is there a way to check without mounting the file system and opening the files, hoping they contain something other than zeros? (comparing addresses of used data blocks inside ext4 to address ranges that were on the missing pv, something like that, preferably easy to automate) I know bitwise-copying the entire lv into an image file before trying to repair the ext4 would probably be a good idea, but since this lv is very large and I just suffered major file system failure on several systems it is probably a luxury I don't have... Any suggestions?

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• Custom initrd init script: how to create /dev/initctl

  - by Posco Grubb

  I have a virtual machine (VMM is Xen 3.3) equipped with two IDE HDD's (/dev/hda and /dev/hdb). The root file system is in /dev/hda1, where Scientific Linux 5.4 is installed. /dev/hdb contains an empty ext2 file system. I want to protect the root file system from writes by the VM by using aufs (AnotherUnionFS) to layer a writable file system on top of the root file system. The changes to / will be written to the file system located on /dev/hdb. (Furthermore, outside the VM, the file backing the /dev/hda will also be set to read-only permissions, so the VMM should also prevent the VM from modifying at that level.) (The purpose of this setup: be able to corrupt a virtual machine using software-implemented fault injection but preserve the file system image in order to quickly reboot the VM to a fault-free state.) How do I get an initrd init script to do the necessary mounts to create the union file system? I've tried 2 approaches: I've tried modifying the nash script that mkinitrd creates, but I don't know what setuproot and switchroot do and how to make them use my aufs as the new root. Apparently, nobody else here knows either. (EDIT: I take that back.) I've tried building a LiveCD (using linux-live-6.3.0) and then modifying the Bash /linuxrc script from the generated initrd, and I got the mounts correct, but the final /sbin/init complains about /dev/initctl. Specifically, my /linuxrc mounts the aufs at /union. The last few lines of /linuxrc effectively do the following: cd /union mkdir -p mnt/live pivot_root . mnt/live exec sbin/chroot . sbin/init </dev/console >/dev/console 2>&1 When init starts, it outputs something like init: /dev/initctl: No such file or directory. What is supposed to create this FIFO? I found no such filename in the original linuxrc and liblinuxlive scripts. I tried creating it via "mkfifo /dev/initctl", but then init complained about a timeout opening or writing to the FIFO. Would appreciate any help or pointers. Thanks.

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• The Koyal Group Info Mag News¦Charged building material could make the renewable grid a reality

  - by Chyler Tilton

  What if your cell phone didn’t come with a battery? Imagine, instead, if the material from which your phone was built was a battery. The promise of strong load-bearing materials that can also work as batteries represents something of a holy grail for engineers. And in a letter published online in Nano Letters last week, a team of researchers from Vanderbilt University describes what it says is a breakthrough in turning that dream into an electrocharged reality. The researchers etched nanopores into silicon layers, which were infused with a polyethylene oxide-ionic liquid composite and coated with an atomically thin layer of carbon. In doing so, they created small but strong supercapacitor battery systems, which stored electricity in a solid electrolyte, instead of using corrosive chemical liquids found in traditional batteries. These supercapacitors could store and release about 98 percent of the energy that was used to charge them, and they held onto their charges even as they were squashed and stretched at pressures up to 44 pounds per square inch. Small pieces of them were even strong enough to hang a laptop from—a big, fat Dell, no less. Although the supercapacitors resemble small charcoal wafers, they could theoretically be molded into just about any shape, including a cell phone’s casing or the chassis of a sedan. They could also be charged—and evacuated of their charge—in less time than is the case for traditional batteries. “We’ve demonstrated, for the first time, the simple proof-of-concept that this can be done,” says Cary Pint, an assistant professor in the university’s mechanical engineering department and one of the authors of the new paper. “Now we can extend this to all kinds of different materials systems to make practical composites with materials specifically tailored to a host of different types of applications. We see this as being just the tip of a very massive iceberg.” Pint says potential applications for such materials would go well beyond “neat tech gadgets,” eventually becoming a “transformational technology” in everything from rocket ships to sedans to home building materials. “These types of systems could range in size from electric powered aircraft all the way down to little tiny flying robots, where adding an extra on-board battery inhibits the potential capability of the system,” Pint says. And they could help the world shift to the intermittencies of renewable energy power grids, where powerful batteries are needed to help keep the lights on when the sun is down or when the wind is not blowing. “Using the materials that make up a home as the native platform for energy storage to complement intermittent resources could also open the door to improve the prospects for solar energy on the U.S. grid,” Pint says. “I personally believe that these types of multifunctional materials are critical to a sustainable electric grid system that integrates solar energy as a key power source.”

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• Tying down a cloud by virtualizing everything and then locking VMs to real hardware as necessary

  - by tudor

  I'm looking for a cloud software solution that: Can run on both server and desktop machines; Virtualizes hardware and has the option of exposing each real machine to the cloud; Allows a VM to be "locked" to a set of real hardware capabilities and stay there until moved (e.g. a user's "real" desktop); Allows a VM to link to some types of devices elsewhere (e.g. USB/serial via ethernet); and Is geography-aware to control movement of VMs between real networks. I'm aware that this may be the holy grail of virtualization, and I've searched alot. Some solutions appear to meet some criteria but not others. Most cloud implementations appear to ignore real hardware, for example. I realise that this may be solved by using three different implementations in combination: A standard cloud server farm. A bare-metal network backup utility with PXEBoot. VNC and/or VDI. (VNC obviously would require the real hardware to be running.) This combination, however, has some serious drawbacks that I'd like to solve by treating it as one system. My explanation follows... I have a network of real servers and desktops in multiple locations. I've virtualized servers before using Virtualbox and that's worked quite well. I've even connected USB devices to VMs on servers. I would like to virtualize the desktops in all my offices to facilitate movement of desktops, remote access (e.g. VDI) and bare-metal backups. However, I know that there are problems with this. For example, some desktops have specific hardware (e.g. 3D graphics cards, USB devices, etc) that limit their mobility. Geographic constraints also limit movement in that VMs can be moved easily within offices, but transferring between offices is not always preferable. What I would like to find is a system that can virtualize everything from bare-metal easily by maintaining an abstraction layer on each client and server machine that exposes the hardware available and runs as a cloud. Then certain VMs would be "locked" to specific hardware (so that, e.g. the VM runs only on their own desktop.) This would be required for situations where speed is important (e.g. 3D graphics pass-through). In addition, abstracted low-speed devices (e.g. USB) could be piped from real hardware to a VM in the cloud. This is important since if a VM is taken down, another VM can connect to the real hardware for minimum downtime.

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• installing windows XP in Samsung SENS 145 plus notebook (no CD drive)

  - by user13267

  Hi I was trying to install Windows XP in a Samsung SENS 145 plus Notebook. It does not have a cd drive and I already managed to format it and semi install Windows XP, so now it does not even boot up either. This is what I did: Since it supports USB booting, I first made a bootable USB of Windows XP (Korean version; SP2 I think, may be SP 3) using Novicorp WinToFlash enter link description here. It managed to boot up at first and I was able to format the C driveand get Windows install to start up. It took forever to copy all the files from the USB and after the first reboot, before installation started, I cancelled the reboot from windows install, went to BIOS and changed the boot device priority from USB to internal hard drive. But now on bootup it showed me a list with two options for booting windows XP (much like in the case of a multi OS system) so I assumed that I had formatted drive D by mistake and installed XP there, instead of on C drive. Anyway, I chose one of them and it continued my Windows installation. I got the blue installation screen that shows ads about Windows XP on the right frame and estimated remaining time on the left. However, after completing the process, after the first reboot, instead of showing the Windows XP logo, it says \system32\hall.dll is missing (or corrupted I'm not sure, I needed to install the Korean version of windows and I could not exactly read the error message, however it was one that I have already seen in an English version installation, and I am sure it says either missing or corrupted). The problem is, now it shows the same error again when I try to reboot it from the USB drive as well. I tried to boot a portable version of Linux I made in another USB, but the computer does not boot up from that USB, and it shows hal.dll error when I try to boot it using the WIN XP installation USB I made, as well as when I try to boot it from the hard drive, where I suppose Win XP is now semiinstalled. So now I can't get the computer to start up at all, except going to the BIOS. What else can I try to solve this? Also, would it be possible to install XP on this computer by connecting it to another one running Windows 7 ultimate, through the ethernet card? That is, network just the two computers together, then install windows XP on the notebook from the desktop running windows 7? Please help, I'm running out of ideas on this one. If Korean version of windows XP is the problem then I am willing to install English version as well. (but I need to make sure if that is the real cause of the problem)

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• How to make Horde connect to mysql with UTF-8 character set?

  - by jkj

  How to tell horde 3.3.11 to use UTF-8 for it's mysql connection? The $conf['sql']['charset'] only tells horde what is expected from the database. Horde uses MDB2 to connect to mysql. Is there way to force MDB2 or mysql character_set_client from php.ini? So far I found two workarounds: Force mysql to ignore character set requested by client [mysqld] skip-character-set-client-handshake=1 default-character-set=utf8 Force mysql to run SET NAMES utf8 on every connection [mysqld] init-connect='SET NAMES utf8' Both have drawbacks on multi user mysql server. The first disables converting character sets alltogether and the second one forces every connection to produce UTF-8. [EDIT] Found the problem. The 'charset' parameter was unset the last minute before sending to SQL backend. This is probably due to mysql not being able to digest utf-8 but utf8. Mysql specific mapping is required to make it work. I just worked around it by translating utf-8 - utf8. Won't work with any other databases with this patch though. --- lib/Horde/Share/sql.php.orig 2011-07-04 17:09:33.349334890 +0300 +++ lib/Horde/Share/sql.php 2011-07-04 17:11:06.238636462 +0300 @@ -753,7 +753,13 @@ /* Connect to the sql server using the supplied parameters. */ require_once 'MDB2.php'; $params = $this->_params; - unset($params['charset']); + + if ($params['charset'] == 'utf-8') { + $params['charset'] = 'utf8'; + } else { + unset($params['charset']); + } + $this->_write_db = &MDB2::factory($params); if (is_a($this->_write_db, 'PEAR_Error')) { Horde::fatal($this->_write_db, __FILE__, __LINE__); @@ -792,7 +798,13 @@ /* Check if we need to set up the read DB connection seperately. */ if (!empty($this->_params['splitread'])) { $params = array_merge($params, $this->_params['read']); - unset($params['charset']); + + if ($params['charset'] == 'utf-8') { + $params['charset'] = 'utf8'; + } else { + unset($params['charset']); + } + $this->_db = &MDB2::singleton($params); if (is_a($this->_db, 'PEAR_Error')) { Horde::fatal($this->_db, __FILE__, __LINE__);

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• Perl missing while installing nginx on centos

  - by Ahoura Ghotbi

  I am trying to install nginx on my server, however it keeps returning "./configure: error: perl 5.6.1 or higher is required" eventhough I have perl v5.8.8!!!! I have already downloaded perl and trying to configure it using the following command : ./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-http_flv_module --add-module=nginx_mod_h264_streaming here is the output : [root@fst nginx-0.8.55]# ./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-http_flv_module --add-module=nginx_mod_h264_streaming checking for OS + Linux 2.6.18-308.el5 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-52) checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found checking for C99 variadic macros ... found checking for gcc variadic macros ... found checking for unistd.h ... found checking for inttypes.h ... found checking for limits.h ... found checking for sys/filio.h ... not found checking for sys/param.h ... found checking for sys/mount.h ... found checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found checking for crypt.h ... found checking for Linux specific features checking for epoll ... found checking for sendfile() ... found checking for sendfile64() ... found checking for sys/prctl.h ... found checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found checking for crypt_r() ... found checking for sys/vfs.h ... found checking for nobody group ... found checking for poll() ... found checking for /dev/poll ... not found checking for kqueue ... not found checking for crypt() ... not found checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found checking for posix_fadvise() ... found checking for O_DIRECT ... found checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found checking for directio() ... not found checking for statfs() ... found checking for statvfs() ... found checking for dlopen() ... not found checking for dlopen() in libdl ... found checking for sched_yield() ... found checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found configuring additional modules adding module in nginx_mod_h264_streaming + ngx_http_h264_streaming_module was configured checking for PCRE library ... found checking for system md library ... not found checking for system md5 library ... not found checking for OpenSSL md5 crypto library ... found checking for zlib library ... found checking for perl + perl version: v5.8.8 built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi ./configure: error: perl 5.6.1 or higher is required

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• What PHP, Xdebug and Eclipse configurations work on Windows 7 64 bit?

  - by thaddeusmt

  I have been mucking around for days, trying to find the right combination that lets me debug with breakpoints and variable viewing, in Eclipse, without crashing Apache. PHP 5.3? PHP 5.2? Eclipse Helios? Eclipse Galileo? One or the other with certain versions of xdebug or php? Or do I really need to use NetBeans or something else? Is my 64 bit OS the problem? Do need specific 64bit versions of PHP, Eclipse or Xdebug to work on Windows 7 64? Any special xdebug config options and tricks that I need in php.ini? Like turning off xdebug.profiler_enable or not using quotes around my zend_extension path to the xdebug dll? A Vhosts issue? Scrap the whole thing and go back to Win XP or Ubuntu? Here's what I've already been reading: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4509245/so-eclipse-and-xdebug-walk-into-a-bar-and-then-my-apache-server-dies/4602473 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/206788/why-does-xdebug-crash-apache-on-every-xampp-install-ive-tried http://bugs.xdebug.org/view.php?id=459 https://bugs.eclipse.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=312951#c8 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2799936/xdebug-for-php-5-2-on-windows-7-64bit and so and so on... SO, xdebug bug tracker, eclipse bugzilla, etc, etc Basically what would be great is if folks could post their working (i.e. debugging with breakpoints and local variable viewing in Eclipse) Win7 64bit configurations, including: PHP version (5.3.1, 5.2.11, etc) Xdebug dll (2.1.0-5.3-vc6, etc) Xdebug php.ini config (zend_extension = "C:\xampp\php\ext\php_xdebug.dll", etc) Apache version (2.2.14, etc) Eclipse version Anything else important? The "secret ingredient"? Thanks! I miss my debugger since I got a new laptop with Win 7! Sadly it looks like some of the drivers (switchable graphics, multi-touch pad, etc) on my lappy don't work right with Ubuntu yet, so I feel a bit trapped on Win :( I know I will figure something out eventually, but I've been at this trial-and-error game a while and am seeking some guidance. (Originally posted on StackOverflow here, but moved to SuperUser:) http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4628215/what-php-xdebug-and-eclipse-configurations-work-on-windows-7-64-bit

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• Scoping a home dev server

  - by AbhikRK

  Hi. I’m looking to build a multi-purpose home development server. In this post, I’m looking to outline what I want from such a system, and the ‘why’s of it, to some limited extent, and finally, some rudiments of how I’m looking to go about that. I’m mostly a developer, with just about some sysadmin familiarity. So, please excuse, correct me, and suggest on any ignorance which would come across in the following ;-) It will serve the following goals to start with:- NAS (Looking at using ZFS) Source control repo e.g Git server Database e.g MySQL server Continuous Integration e.g Hudson server Other stuff as and when they come up e.g RabbitMQ etc A development sandbox to play around with new stuff I want to achieve a high uptime for 2-5 as much as possible. They should run as independent services and with minimal maintenance. (e.g TurnKey Linux appliances) I’m thinking of running them as individual Xen DomUs. Then, maybe the NAS can be a Dom0 and 6 can be another DomU. The User for this would be mostly me. I can see 2-4 being sometimes used by 2-3 users, but that would be infrequent. I’m looking for a repeatable setup. Ideally I’d like to automate this setup through Chef or Puppet or something similar. Once everything runs, I want to be able to ssh/screen/tmux into 1-6 from my laptop or any other computer on the LAN/on-the-go. My queries are:- Is putting 1-6, all of them on a single box, a good idea? If so, what kind of hardware should I be looking at, for a low-cost, low-power setup? Although not at present, but in future I might be looking at adding audio/media servers to the mix. Would that impact the answers to 1? I have an old Pentium 3 and 810e motherboard combination. Is there any way I could put it to use? I had a look at the Sheevaplug, and was wondering if I could split off the NAS on its own using that. But ruled it out preliminarily due to its reported heating issues. Is it something i should still consider? Thanks in advance

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• Hibernating and booting into another OS: will my filesystems be corrupted?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  Suppose I have Windows and Linux installed on the same computer. If I hibernate Windows, can I boot into Linux without corrupting the Windows filesystem when I resume Windows? What about the other way around? What if I hibernate one, boot into the other, and mount the hibernated filesystem read/write? Read-only? If this is unsafe, is there any way to detect the hibernated state of the other OS and prevent mounting its filesystem? Basically, how far can I push this before it breaks, and how dangerous is it near the edge? I think I know the answers to some of the above questions, but for other ones, I have no idea, and for obvious reasons I have not tested this on my own computer. If someone has tested these, please enlighten the rest of us. I'm not necessarily looking for a specific answer to every question; I'll accept any response that answers a reasonable portion. EDIT: Let me clarify that when I say "hibernate," I mean the process of writing the contents of RAM to the hard disk and completely powering down the computer. In this state, powering the computer back on brings you through the BIOS and bootloader again, and you could theoretically select another operating system on a multi-boot system. Anyway, on with the original question: RESULTS Ok, after everyone's assurances that this would work, I tested it for myself. I set up Ubuntu to remount all ntfs filesystems and external drives read-only before hibernating. There was no need for a similar Windows setup because Windows does not read Linux filesystems. Then, I tried alternately hibernating one operating system and resuming the other, back and forth a few times. I even tried mounting the Windows filesystem from Ubuntu read-write, and creating a few files. Windows didn't complain when I resumed. So, in conclusion, you can more or less freely hibernate in a dual-boot Windows/Linux scenario. Note that I did not test a dual Linux/Linux co-hibernation situation. If you have two or more Linux installs and you hibernate one of them, you might be able to corrupt the filesystem by mounting it from another.

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• Planning trunk capacity for multiple GbE switches

  - by wuckachucka

  Without measuring throughput (it's at the top of the list; this is just theoretical), I want to know the most standard method for trunking VLANs on multiple Gigabit (GbE) switches to a core Layer 3 GbE switch. Say you have three VLANs: VLAN10 (10.0.0.0/24) Servers: your typical Windows DC/file server, Exchange, and an Accounting/SQL server. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Sales: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN30 and vice-versa. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Support: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN20 and vice-versa. Here's how I think this should work in my head: Switch #1: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN20; all the Sales workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #1. Switch #2: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN30; all the Support workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #2. Core L3 switch: Ports 2-10 are assigned to VLAN10; all three servers are connected here. With a standard 10/100 x 24 switch, it'll usually come with one or two 1 GbE uplink ports; carrying over this logic to a 10/100/1000 x 24, the "optional" 10 GbE combo ports that most higher-end switches can get shouldn't really be an option. Keep in mind I haven't tested anything yet, I'm primarily moving in this direction for growth (don't want to buy 10/100 switches and have to replace those within a couple of years) and security (being able to control access between VLANs with L3 routing/packet filtering ACLs). Does this sound right? Do I really need the 10 GbE ports? It seems very non-standard and expensive, but it "feels" right when you think about 40 or 50 workstations trunking up to the L3 switch over 1 GbE standard ports. If say 20 workstations want to download a 10 GB image from the servers concurrently, wouldn't the trunk be the bottleneck? At least if the trunk was 10 GbE, you'd have 10x1GbE nodes being able to reach their theoretical max. What about switch stacking? Some of the D-Links I've been looking at have HDMI interfaces for stacking. As far as I know, stacking two switches creates one logical switch, but is this just for management I/O or does the switches use the (assuming it's HDMI 1.3) 10.2 Gbps for carrying data back and forth?

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• Scoping a home dev server

  - by AbhikRK

  Hi. I’m looking to build a multi-purpose home development server. In this post, I’m looking to outline what I want from such a system, and the ‘why’s of it, to some limited extent, and finally, some rudiments of how I’m looking to go about that. I’m mostly a developer, with just about some sysadmin familiarity. So, please excuse, correct me, and suggest on any ignorance which would come across in the following ;-) It will serve the following goals to start with:- NAS (Looking at using ZFS) Source control repo e.g Git server Database e.g MySQL server Continuous Integration e.g Hudson server Other stuff as and when they come up e.g RabbitMQ etc A development sandbox to play around with new stuff I want to achieve a high uptime for 2-5 as much as possible. They should run as independent services and with minimal maintenance. (e.g TurnKey Linux appliances) I’m thinking of running them as individual Xen DomUs. Then, maybe the NAS can be a Dom0 and 6 can be another DomU. The User for this would be mostly me. I can see 2-4 being sometimes used by 2-3 users, but that would be infrequent. I’m looking for a repeatable setup. Ideally I’d like to automate this setup through Chef or Puppet or something similar. Once everything runs, I want to be able to ssh/screen/tmux into 1-6 from my laptop or any other computer on the LAN/on-the-go. My queries are:- Is putting 1-6, all of them on a single box, a good idea? If so, what kind of hardware should I be looking at, for a low-cost, low-power setup? Although not at present, but in future I might be looking at adding audio/media servers to the mix. Would that impact the answers to 1? I have an old Pentium 3 and 810e motherboard combination. Is there any way I could put it to use? I had a look at the Sheevaplug, and was wondering if I could split off the NAS on its own using that. But ruled it out preliminarily due to its reported heating issues. Is it something i should still consider? Thanks in advance Have posted this question previously on SuperUser but no responses yet. So was wondering if this is a more apt forum for this.

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• dd-wrt router firmware QoS troubleshooting

  - by Jeff Atwood

  I've been using the dd-wrt firmware on my router and I like it a lot! But -- I'm not sure the quality of service (QoS) is working on it. I have it set up as follows: http, port 80 -- Premium bittorrent, port 6969 -- Bulk https, port 443 -- Premium dns, port 53 -- Premium Per the QoS documentation, these levels are: bandwidth is allocated based on the following percentages of uplink and downlink values for each class: Exempt: 100mbps - ignores global limits. Premium: 75% - 100% Express: 15% - 100% Standard: 10% - 100% Bulk: 1.5% - 100% This doesn't entirely seem to work, though -- with busy torrents going I get major pauses in my web browsing which sucks! The QoS documentation gives some steps to check the QoS ... What you'll be interested to look at will be the first set of source and destination IP, including the port numbers. Next the presence of l7proto and the "mark" field. The entries indicate the current live connection QoS priority applied on them based on the "mark" field. The "mark" values correspond to the following Exempt: 100 Premium: 10 Express: 20 Standard: 30 Bulk: 40 (no QoS matched): 0 You may see "mark=0" for some l7proto service even though they are in configured in the list of QoS rules. This may mean that the layer 7 pattern matching system didn't match a new or changed header for that protocol. Custom service on port matches will usually take care of these. On port 6969 (bittorrent) I see a weird mixture of stuff with mark=0 and mark=40 like so cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack udp 17 105 src=98.162.182.42 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64512 dport=6969 packets=3 bytes=290 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.162.182.42 sport=6969 dport=64512 packets=4 bytes=202 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 117 TIME_WAIT src=98.248.173.174 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=51114 dport=6969 packets=12 bytes=704 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.248.173.174 sport=6969 dport=51114 packets=10 bytes=440 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 598 ESTABLISHED src=165.132.128.201 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=57218 dport=6969 packets=8024 bytes=9919881 src=10.0.0.2 dst=165.132.128.201 sport=6969 dport=57218 packets=4211 bytes=239607 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 586 ESTABLISHED src=68.46.9.24 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64688 dport=6969 packets=6 bytes=490 src=10.0.0.2 dst=68.46.9.24 sport=6969 dport=64688 packets=8 bytes=944 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 udp 17 45 src=222.254.228.38 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=25438 dport=6969 packets=5 bytes=454 src=10.0.0.2 dst=222.254.228.38 sport=6969 dport=25438 packets=3 bytes=154 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 ( full file visible at http://pastebin.com/AZE6EtWm ) I've been playing around with this log for a little while and I can't see any patterns! Why is some port 6969 bittorrent traffic tagged mark=0 (not matched) by dd-wrt's QoS while others are tagged mark=40 (Bulk) .. any ideas?

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• Why is the server performance so poor? What can be done to improve the speed of the server?

  - by fslsyed

  Very slow processing using Windows Server2008 R2 Standard with Service Pack One. Situation: Read a text file using the text data to populate a series of MS Sql tables. The converted data is used to generate monthly PDF invoice files; the PDF files are saved directly to the hard drive. The application is multi-threading with one thread used for the text conversion and three threads for PDF invoice generation. The text conversion is occurring concurrently with the invoice generation. Application Software: C# using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate. Crystal Report Writer 2011 with runtime 13_0_3 64 bit version. Targeted platform is x64; also tested as x86, and Any CPU with similar results. Microsoft .NET Framework 4.0. Microsoft Sql 2008 Issue: The software is running very slowly. The conversion of the text file is approximately six hundred fifty records per second and generation of the PDF files is approximately twelve invoices per minute. The text file to be converted is six hundred Meg with seven thousand invoices to be generated. The software was installed on three different machines from the same distribution files. The same text file was converted on each machine. The user executing the application was an administrator on each machine. The only variances were the machine and operating system. The configurations are as follows: Server: Operating System: Windows Server2008 R2 Standard 64-bit (6.1, Build7601) SP1 Service Pack: System Manufacturer: IBM System Model: System x3550 M3-[7944AC1]- BIOS: Default System BIOS Processor: Intel® Xeon® CPU E5620@ 2.4GHz (16 CPUs) Memory: 16384MB Notebook: Operating System: Windows 7 Home Premium Standard 64-bit (6.1, Build7601) System Manufacturer: Hewlett-Packard System Model: HP Pavilion dv7 Notebook PC BIOS: Default System BIOS Processor: AMD Phenom II N640 Dual-Core Processor 2.9GHz (2 CPUs) Memory: 6144MB Desktop: Operating System: Windows 7 Professional 64-bit (6.1, Build7601) SP1 System Manufacturer: Dell Inc. System Model: OptiPlex 960 BIOS: Phoenix ROM BIOS PLUS Version 1.10 A11 Processor: Intel Core™2 Quad CPU Q9650 @3.00GHZ (4 CPUs) Memory: 16384MB Processing results per machine: The applications were executed seven times with the averages being displayed below. Machine Text Records Invoices Generated Converted Per Minute Per Minute Server (1) 650 12 Notebook 980 17 Desktop 2,100 45 (1) The server is dedicated to execution of this application; no additional applications are being executed. Question: Why is the server performance so poor? What can be done to improve the speed of the server?

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• Apache Alias subfolder and starting with dot

  - by MauricioOtta

  I have a multi purpose server running ArchLinux that currently serves multiple virtual hosts from /var/www/domains/EXAMPLE.COM/html /var/www/domains/EXAMPLE2.COM/html I deploy those websites (mostly using Kohana framework) using a Jenkins job by checking out the project, removes the .git folder and ssh-copy the tar.gz to /var/www/domains/ on the server and untars it. Since I don't want to have to re-install phpMyAdmin after each deploy, I decided to use an alias. I would like the alias to be something like /.tools/phpMyAdmin/ so I could have more "tools" later if I wanted to. I have tried just changing the default httpd-phpmyadmin.conf that was installed by following the official WIKI: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Phpmyadmin Alias /.tools/phpMyAdmin/ "/usr/share/webapps/phpMyAdmin" <Directory "/usr/share/webapps/phpMyAdmin"> AllowOverride All Options FollowSymlinks Order allow,deny Allow from all php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/:/tmp/:/usr/share/webapps/:/etc/webapps:/usr/share/pear/" </Directory> Changing only that, doesn't seem to work with my current setup on the server, and apache forwards the request to the framework which 404s (as there's no route to handle /.tools/phpAdmin). I have Mass Virtual hosting enable and setup like this: # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:8000 # get the server name from the Host: header UseCanonicalName On # splittable logs LogFormat "%{Host}i %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" vcommon CustomLog logs/access_log vcommon <Directory /var/www/domains> # ExecCGI is needed here because we can't force # CGI execution in the way that ScriptAlias does Options FollowSymLinks ExecCGI AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> RewriteEngine On # a ServerName derived from a Host: header may be any case at all RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower ## deal with normal documents first: # allow Alias /icons/ to work - repeat for other aliases RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/icons/ # allow CGIs to work RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/cgi-bin/ # do the magic RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} ^(www\.|)(.*) RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /var/www/domains/${lowercase:%2}/html/$1 ## and now deal with CGIs - we have to force a MIME type RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/cgi-bin/ RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /var/www/domains/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1 [T=application/x-httpd-cgi] There is also nginx running on this server on port 80 as a reverse proxy for Apache: location ~ \.php$ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000; } Everything else was setup by following the official WIKI so I don't think those would cause trouble. Do I need to have the alias for phpMyAdmin setup along the mass virtual hosting or can it be in a separate include file for that alias to work?

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• Very slow printing from print server

  - by evolvd

  Print server is a VM on Xen The VM is Windows 2003 32bit. During the issue the VM is not being taxed in anyway, cpu, memory, hd read/write, and network speed is all good. The problem that I see is the transfer of the print file from the print server to the printer. The 80Mb file is transferred from the client to the print server in about 2 minutes but then it takes about 2 hours for that file to be sent to the printer. I can't figure out why this would just start to happen. The printer is rebooted every evening and is just used for one large print job in the morning. The server has been rebooted with no effect I changed the spool option to send the entire spool to the server before printing starts and it had no effect. This printer problem did happen to come about after some changes to the Xen environment. The Xen servers changed from using HBA NIC cards to software iscsi and a new switch was put in. I don't think this is related to the problem since all the speeds on the VMs are better now. The changed happened on Saturday and the first print to this printer happened on Monday morning. I'm just putting that out there but like I said I don't think it is related but I don't want to rule it out. At this point I don't have many other options besides the physical layer. I can switch out network cable that goes to the printer and I might be able to print the same job to another printer. I wont be able to test those things out till this afternoon though. Any other ideas or test I could do to try to find the reason for the slow speed? I forgot to say that this is only happening when printing to this one printer. ===Update=== I found out that there are a few printers that currently have this issue, not just the one. There are over 30 printers on the server though so I know it's not happening to all of them. I printed a large pdf doc from the server and it was able to print at the normal speed. If the machine sends the large print request it gets to the server fine but then slow to get from the server to the printer. If sent directly from the printer it gets to the printer at the normal speed. The question now is why is there a speed difference when it comes from the machine and why would it start now?

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• Automatic layout of manual network mapping

  - by Paul

  So I have a small business network mainly consisting of two routed layer-2 domains with a total of ca. 100 devices spread over ca. 2000m² production and office spaces. Typical problems to solve using the graph would be: Over what (cable) path is a PC connected to the server? Where to expect devices connected to a switch port? I want to generate a graph of the physical network topology: Nodes are endpoint devices, switch ports, wall outlets, patch panel ports etc. Edges are cable connections. Ideally, grouping edges (or segments) that pass through the same bundle could be grouped. Also I would like to augment the graph data with automatically gathered data (monitoring state, MAC address, Switch port <- MAC entries to build up parts of the map). At the moment I use graphviz for this inside a Confluence wiki like that: layout = "neato" overlap = scale subgraph { rankdir = "TB" subgraph cluster_r1pf1 { r1pf1 [label="{ Rack 1 PF 1 | { <p1>P1 | <p2>P2 | <p3>P3} }", shape=record] } subgraph cluster_switch1 { switch1 [label="{ Rack 1 Switch 1 | { <p1> P1 | <p1> P1 | <p3> P3} }", shape=record] } r1pf1:p1 -> switch1:p1 (obviously there are dozens of entries omitted here) Problem is: I have a hard time to influence graphviz to generate a bearable layout. Edges overlap so bad that you can't read the diagram anymore. The question is: What other tools (be it interactive like Visio, Omnigraffle or I/O-oriented like graphviz) exist that would allow an easily versionable (as in: Operates on a text file) documentation that is both machine and human readable and editable? Why not OmniGraffle or Visio? Well we don't have Macs and Visio is not available at the moment. To buy it I would need good arguments. Automation would be one of that. But last time I looked, versioning Visio files or even thinking about automatic handling was a nightmare. Related: Network Mapping Tools basically asks the same with a focus on generating the complete graph automatically (but without the need to document cabling connections) Recommendations for automatic computer inventory brings up links of "all-in-one" solutions

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• How can I reverse mouse movement (X & Y axis) system-wide? (Win 7 x64)

  - by Scivitri

  Short Version I'm looking for a way to reverse the X and Y mouse axis movements. The computer is running Windows 7, x64 and Logitech SetPoint 6.32. I would like a system-level, permanent fix; such as a mouse driver modification or a registry tweak. Does anyone know of a solid way of implementing this, or how to find the registry values to change this? I'll settle quite happily for how to enable the orientation feature in SetPoint 6.32 for mice as well as trackballs. Long Version People seem never to understand why I would want this, and I commonly hear "just use the mouse right-side up!" advice. Dyslexia is not something which can be cured by "just reading things right." While I appreciate the attempts to help, I'm hoping some background may help people understand. I have a user with an unusual form of dyslexia, for whom mouse movements are backward. If she wants to move her cursor left, she will move the mouse right. If she wants the cursor to move up, she'll move the mouse down. She used to hold her mouse upside-down, which makes sophisticated clicking difficult, is terrible for ergonomics, and makes multi-button mice completely useless. In olden times, mouse drivers included an orientation feature (typically a hot-air balloon you dragged upward to set the mouse movement orientation) which could be used to set the relationship between mouse movement and cursor movement. Several years ago, mouse drivers were "improved" and this feature has since been limited to trackballs. After losing the orientation feature she went back to upside-down mousing for a bit, until finding UberOptions, a tweak for Logitech SetPoint, which would enable all features for all pointing devices. This included the orientation feature. And there was much rejoicing. Now her mouse has died, and current Logitech mice require a newer version of SetPoint for which UberOptions has not been updated. We've also seen MAF-Mouse (the developer indicated the version for 64-bit Windows does not support USB mice, yet) and Sakasa (while it works, commentary on the web indicate it tends to break randomly and often. It's also just a running program, so not system-wide.). I have seen some very sophisticated registry hacks. For example, I used to use a hack which would change the codes created by the F1-F12 keys when the F-Lock key was invented and defaulted to screwing my keyboard up. I'm hoping there's a way to flip X and Y in the registry; or some other, similar, system-level tweak out there. Another solution could be re-enabling the orientation feature for mice, as well as trackballs. It's very frustrating that input device drivers include the functionality we desperately need for an accessibilty concern, but it's been disabled in the name of making the drivers more idiot-proof.

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• how does openvpn decide which interface to get IP addrs from

  - by bkrupa

  Using ubuntu 10.04 on both ends. We have a client and server machine on the SAME network attempting to make a vpn connection. We use the config files from here and made minimal changes. The server and client start and seem to connect without any trouble. The server looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Re-using SSL/TLS context Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 LZO compression initialized Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Local Options hash (VER=V4): 'f7df56b8' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): 'd79ca330' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 TLS: Initial packet from 192.168.1.55:47166, sid=69112e42 5458135b *...* Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 [client1] Peer Connection Initiated with 192.168.1.55:47166 On the client side the connection looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:20:07 2011 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]192.168.1.41:1194 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route-gateway 10.8.0.4,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.50 255.255.255.0' ... Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 /sbin/ifconfig tap0 10.8.0.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 mtu 1500 broadcast 10.8.0.255 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed The openvpn server has been configured to assign ip addresses in the range 10.8.0.* and the client has been given 10.8.0.50. When I run the following nmap from the client: Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-23 22:04 EST Host 10.8.0.50 is up (0.00047s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (1 host up) scanned in 30.34 seconds Host 192.168.1.1 is up (0.0025s latency). Host 192.168.1.18 is up (0.074s latency). Host 192.168.1.41 is up (0.0024s latency). Host 192.168.1.55 is up (0.00018s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (4 hosts up) scanned in 6.33 seconds If I run an nmap from the server on 10.8.0.* I get nothing. If the client has two interfaces (wireless and tap device) when you look for a certain ip address, how does it decide which interface to connect on?

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• how to setup kismet.conf on Ubuntu

  - by Registered User

  I installed Kismet on my Ubuntu 10.04 machine as apt-get install kismet every thing seems to work fine. but when I launch it I see following error kismet Launching kismet_server: //usr/bin/kismet_server Suid priv-dropping disabled. This may not be secure. No specific sources given to be enabled, all will be enabled. Non-RFMon VAPs will be destroyed on multi-vap interfaces (ie, madwifi-ng) Enabling channel hopping. Enabling channel splitting. NOTICE: Disabling channel hopping, no enabled sources are able to change channel. Source 0 (addme): Opening none source interface none... FATAL: Please configure at least one packet source. Kismet will not function if no packet sources are defined in kismet.conf or on the command line. Please read the README for more information about configuring Kismet. Kismet exiting. Done. I followed this guide http://www.ubuntugeek.com/kismet-an-802-11-wireless-network-detector-sniffer-and-intrusion-detection-system.html#more-1776 how ever in kismet.conf I am not clear with following line source=none,none,addme as to what should I change this to. lspci -vnn shows 0c:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4312 802.11b/g [14e4:4315] (rev 01) Subsystem: Dell Device [1028:000c] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at f69fc000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] Vendor Specific Information <?> Capabilities: [e8] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [d0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting <?> Capabilities: [13c] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number Capabilities: [16c] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: wl Kernel modules: wl, ssb and iwconfig shows lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. eth1 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:"WIKUCD" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.462 GHz Access Point: <00:43:92:21:H5:09> Bit Rate=11 Mb/s Tx-Power:24 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Managementmode:All packets received Link Quality=1/5 Signal level=-81 dBm Noise level=-90 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:169 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 So what should I be putting in place of source=none,none,addme with output I mentioned above ?

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• ASA and cisco vs NSA sonic firewall

  - by Lbaker101

  Currently I’m trying to structure our network to fully support and be redundant with BGP/Multi homing. Our current company size is 40 employees but the major part of that is our Development department. We are a software company and continued connection to the internet is a requirement as 90% of work stops when the net goes down. The only thing hosted on site (that needs to remain up) is our exchange server. Right now i'm faced with 2 different directions and was wondering if I could get your opinions on this. We will have 2 ISPs that are both 20meg up/down and dedicated fiber (so 40megs combined). This is handed off as an Ethernet cable into our server room. ISP#1 first digital ISP#2 CenturyLink we currently have 2x ASA5505s but the 2nd one is not in use. It was there to be a failover and it just needs the security+ license to be matched with the primary device. But this depends on the network structure. I have been looking into the hardware that would be required to be fully redundant and I found that we will either of the following. 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers with failover licenses. They will go in front of the ASAs and either connects in a failover state or 1 ISP into each of the 2921 series routers and then 1 line into each of the ASAs (thus all 4 hardware components will be used actively). So 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers 2x Cisco ASA5505 firewalls The other route 2x SonicWalls NSA2400MX series. 1 primary and the secondary will be in a failover state. This will remove the ASAs from the network and be about 2k cheaper than the cisco route. This also brings down the points of failure because it’s just the 2x sonicwalls It will also allow us to scale all the way up to 200-400 users (depending on their configuration). This also makes so the Sonic walls. So the real question is with the added functionality ect of the sonicwall is there a point in paying so much more to stay the cisco route? Thanks!

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• PHP hits 100% CPU and eats RAM at the same time Monday to Friday

  - by Daniel Samuels

  We run a learning platform for primary schools here in the UK and it's all been running extremely well. However at around 4PM Monday to Friday we see the same issue arise -- 1-2 PHP threads will spike to 100% CPU and gradually start eating up RAM until the server(s) fall over. 98%+ of our requests are HTTPS, these come into our Layer 7 load balancer which then decrypts the SSL data, adds the X-HTTP-Forwarded-For header and forwards the data onto an application server (we have 2 of those at the moment) on port 80. Our application servers have Varnish on port 80 which takes in the request from the load balancer and passes the request through to Nginx on port 81. Nginx then works out which 'vhost' it needs to use and passes any PHP processing through to PHP-CGI which is listening on a socket (managed through spawn-fcgi). There's an instance of Memcached running too, MySQL runs on a separate server / slave setup. Throughout the day the load will typically go no higher than 0.8 on either of the application servers, however at around 4PM our problem arises. I've managed to run strace on a few of the actual threads when they cause the problem and I always see the same thing: stat("/usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/London", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644,st_size=3661, ...}) = 0 stat("/usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/London", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644,st_size=3661, ...}) = 0 This is repeated infinitely and never stops until you SEGKILL the process or oomkiller kills it. There are no cron jobs scheduled to run at that time and I don't have any way of seeing exactly what Nginx request is associated with the PHP process which is running. We are running PHP 5.3.14 which we upgraded to from 5.3.8 last week to rule out the older version being the problem. This issue has been going on a few months now and we have no idea what is causing it. We deploy our software very frequently, so it's difficult to track down a specific release which may have started the problem - especially as we do not know the date of the first occurrence of this issue. Varnish is version 3.0.1, Nginx is 1.0.6 (which I understand is about a year old now), our servers are running CentOS release 5.7 (Final) they have Intel i3 540s at 3.07Ghz and 8GB of RAM. There's a discussion on the Debian mailing list about something very similar, you can find that here. Has anyone seen anything like this in the past, does anyone have any ideas or suggestions? Are there a way of linking an Nginx request directly to a PHP thread? Is there a better way of seeing what the PHP process is doing? (I've seen GDB mentioned, though I'll have to recompile PHP) Thanks!

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• How can I change how OS X's 'say' command pronounces a word?

  - by jwhitlock

  OS X's say command is useful for some tasks (such as Skype's 'notify me when a contact comes online), but it is pronouncing some names incorrectly. Is there a way to teach say to pronounce a word differently? For example, try: say "Hi, Joel Spolsky" The 'ol' sounds like 'ball' rather than 'old'. I'd like to add an exception that say "Pronounce Spolsky like this", rather than try to teach new linguistic rules. I bet there is a way since it can pronounce "iphone" as Apple wants. Update - After some research, here's what I've learned: Text-to-speech is split between turning the text to phonemes, and then the phonemes are turned into audio using a voice. Changing the voice doesn't effect the phonemes. The Speech Synthesis Manager has some functions for turning text to phonemes, and a method for registering a speech dictionary that will add new text-phoneme maps. However, Apple's speech dictionary must be in a binary form - I didn't find any plist XML. Using dtrace while running say, I found some interesting files opened in /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpeechDictionary.framework/Resources. This is probably the speech dictionary, but they are all binary, except for Homophones, which is XML. Adding entries to Homophones does nothing - it is probably used in speech-to-text. They are also code signed by Apple - changing them may prevent some programs from working. PrefixDictionary CartNames CartLite SymbolDictionary Homophones There are ways to add text versions of application interface elements so VoiceOver works, a lot of which a developer gets for free, but there are tricky bits. The standard here appears to be to use a phonetic spelling as needed. My guesses are: say is a light layer of code on top of the Speech Synthesis Manager. It would be easy for the Apple devs to add a command line option to take the path to a speech dictionary plist for alternate phoneme mapping, but they didn't. It may be a useful open-source project to write a better say. Skype probably uses Speech Synthesis Manager directly, leaving no hooks to change the way my friend's names are pronounced, other than spelling them phonetically, which is silly. The easiest way to make a command line version of say is how JRobert suggested. Here's my quick implementation, using Doug Harris's spelling suggestion: #!/bin/sh echo $@ | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' | sed "s/spolsky/spowlsky/g" | /usr/bin/say Finally, some fun command line stuff: # Apple is weird sqlite3 /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpeechDictionary.framework/Resources/Tuples .dump # Get too much information about what files are being opened sudo dtrace -n 'syscall::open*:entry { printf("%s %s",execname,copyinstr(arg0)); }' # Just fun say -v bad "Joel Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky, Joel Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky" echo "scale=1000; 4*a(1)" | bc -l | say

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• What part of SMF is likely broken by a hard power down?

  - by David Mackintosh

  At one of my customer sites, the local guy shut down their local Solaris 10 x86 server, pulled the power inputs, moved it, and now it won’t start properly. It boots and then presents a prompt which lets you log in. This appears to be single user milestone (or equivalent). Digging into it, I think that SMF isn’t permitting the system to go multi-user. SMF was generating a ton of errors on autofs, after some fooling with it I got it to generate errors on inetd and nfs/client instead. This all tells me that the problem is in some SMF state file or database that needs to be fixed/deleted/recreated or something, but I don’t know what the actual issue is. By “generate errors”, I mean that every second I get a message on the console saying “Method or service exit timed out. Killing contract <#.” This makes interacting with the computer difficult. Running svcs –xv shows the service as “enabled”, in state “disabled”, reason “Start method is running”. Fooling with svcadm on the service does nothing, except confirm that the service is not in a Maintenance state. Logs in /lib/svc/log/$SERVICE just tell you that this loop has been happening once per second. Logs in /etc/svc/volatile/$SERVICE confirm that at boot the service is attempted to start, and immediately stopped, no further entries. Note that system-log isn’t starting because system-log depends on autofs so I have no syslog or dmesg. Googling all these terms ends up telling me how to debug/fix either autofs or nfs/client or inetd or rpc/gss (which was the dependency that SMF was using as an excuse to prevent nfs/client from “starting”, it was claiming that rpc/gss was “undefined” which is incorrect since this all used to work. I re-enabled it with inetadm, but inetd still won’t start properly). But I think that the problem is SMF in general, not the individual services. Doing a restore_repository to the “manifest_import” does nothing to improve, or even detectibly change, the situation. I didn’t use a boot backup because the last boot(s) were not useful. I have told the customer that since the valuable data directories are on a separate file system (which fsck’s as clean so it is intact) we could just re-install solaris 10 on the / partition. But that seems like an awfully windows-like solution to inflict on this problem. So. Any ideas what piece is broken and how I might fix it?

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