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  • What does dd conv=sync,noerror do?

    - by dding
    So what is the case when adding conv=sync,noerror makes a difference when backing up an entire hard disk onto an image file? Is conv=sync,noerror a requirement when doing forensic stuff? If so, why is it the case with reference to linux fedora? Edit: OK, so if I do dd without conv=sync,noerror, and dd encounters read error when reading the block (let's size 100M), does dd just skip 100M block and reads the next block without writing something (dd conv=sync,noerror writes zeros to 100M of output - so what about this case?)? And if is hash of original hard disk and output file different if done without conv=sync,noerror? Or is this only when read error occurred?

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  • How to have a soft-real-time process in presense of heavily swapping IO-intensive background load?

    - by Vi
    schedtool: PID 32301: PRIO 4, POLICY R: SCHED_RR , NICE -20, AFFINITY 0xf ionice: realtime: prio 4 But the music is stumbling anyway. Background load is low prio (SCHED_IDLEPRIO, idle ionice), but uses a lot of memory (more than is physically available) and does a lot of IO and calculations. Latencytop shows about 1500ms for: Following symlink Writing buffer to disk (sync) Page fault Writing a page to disk both for the bg load and for unrelated processes. Load average is 10 and counting. Why cannot it allocate, for example, 200MHZ of one of the cores and 32M of memory and not less than once per second opportunity for IO for mplayer to make it happy while continuing calculations on the background? Or: why it cannot leave background task and swap loving each other but keeping the rest of the system as if there were no background load? How to have RT processes AND heavy bg load simultaneously (without of virtual machines)?

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  • Address rewriting postfix

    - by ACHAL
    I am using CentOs5 and postfix as an MTA for my server. My situation is as follows:- I have a mail server through which Php applications connect and send mails to the destination addresses. The problem is that the the application servers do not have spf/dkim record set up and my server which actually relays the mails to the network has spf/dkim records. So i want the mail sent by an application having a return address:[email protected] to change to [email protected]. r09.4reseller.org is hostname of my mail server. This i have done by generic mapping in postfix: smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic In /etc/postfix/generic: [email protected] [email protected] This is working as return address is changed to [email protected] when mail is sent. But when i try to sent mail on [email protected] I don't get mail on [email protected]. I have tried virtual mapping in postfix i.e by the file /etc/postfix/virtual but its not helping.

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  • Portable and Secure Document Repository

    - by Sivakanesh
    I'm trying to find a document manager/repository (WinXP) that can be used from a USB disk. I would like a tool that will allow you to add all documents into a single repository (or a secure file system). Ideally you would login to this portable application to add or retrieve a document and document shouldn't be accessible outside of the application. I have found an application called Benubird Pro (app is portable) that allows you to add files to a single repository, but downsides are that it is not secure and the repository is always stored on the PC and not on the USB disk. Are you able to recommend any other applications? Thanks

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  • Is there a clean way to tell Windows to release a volume?

    - by zneak
    Hey guys, I'm trying, under Windows 7, to run a virtual machine with VMWare Player from an OS installed on a physical partition. However, when I boot the virtual machine, VMWare Player says that it couldn't access the physical drive and has to abort there. This seems to be a generally acknowledged problem in the VMWare community, as Windows Vista introduced a compelling new security feature that makes it impossible to write to a raw drive without obtaining exclusive access to it. I have googled the issue and found a few workarounds. However, the clean ones seem to only work on whole physical disks, and not on partitions. So I would be left with the dirty solution. In short, it meddles with the MBR to erase any trace of the partitions to use, makes Windows forget about them, then restores the MBR so we can launch the VM. Is there a way to let VMWare acquire exclusive access to the partition without requiring me to nuke it away?

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  • Nvidia 9 series or Intel HD 2000? [closed]

    - by EApubs
    I just tested an Nvidia 9300 GS card with a Intel Corei3 HD 2000 graphics system. Here is the windows experience index scores I got : Nvidia 9300 GS : Base Score 3.9 Processor : 7.1 Memory : 7.5 Graphics : 3.9 Gaming Graphics : 5.1 Hard Disk : 5.9 Intel HD 2000 : Base Score : 5.2 Processor : 7.1 Memory : 5.9 Graphics : 5.2 Gaming Graphics : 5.8 Hard Disk : 5.9 My questions are : When using Intel HD graphics, it reduces the score of my Ram! How is that possible? It checks the speed of the ram. Not the size (i think). Intel graphics take some of the ram space but how can that effect the speed? From both of them, what will be the good choice?

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  • Time machine link error

    - by robinjam
    When attempting to perform a Time Machine backup, the backup appears to proceed as normal, until it finishes copying files at which point it complains that an "error occurred while linking files for" one of my external hard disks. During the previous backup that particular disk was in fact empty, and therefore I can't understand why Time Machine is attempting to link back to it. But alas. I've verified all my disks using Disk Utility and they all appear to be fine. Does anybody know what causes this error, and how I might go about fixing it? Failing that is there a way to force Time Machine to create a brand new backup rather than an incremental one? Thanks in advance!

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  • VirtualBox: VBoxManage modifyhd hosting on mac os x resize not supported

    - by dwstein
    I am a complete newbie. i'm hosting VM on OS X using virtualbox. I'm trying to resize the virtual hard drive by using the following command in the terminal. VBoxManage modifyhd "<absolute path including name and extension>" --resize 20480 I used a disk size of 25480 (i'm not really sure how to pick the correct size. and I got the following error: Progress state: VBOX_E_NOT_SUPPORTED VBoxManage: error: Resize hard disk operation for this format is not implemented yet! virtualbox version 4.1.18 I don't really even know what to ask. What am I doing wrong?

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  • How to configure HA iSCSI for Solaris 10

    - by Noah
    BACKGROUND: We have a StarWind NAS that we are currently using for High Availability storage with our Windows network. Starwind has mirrored drives and multiple ip paths, that the Windows Server combines into one HA disk store. QUESTION: How do I accomplish the same thing under Solaris 10? I've looked at ZFS but to document seems to indicate that ZFS wants to do its own raid/mirroring. I can also attach via iSCSI from Solaris and am presented with both drives being served by the Starwind NS. So, how do I configure solaris so that disk M1 and M2 are considered as a single fault tolerant drive?

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  • Get error (Repair Filesystem) 1 # when I install 4 new Hard drives in RedHat Linux 5 on a Dell PowerEdge 2900

    - by Alos Diallo
    Hi I am using a Dell PowerEdge 2900 running RedHat 5. I had 4 drives in the system using a Raid 5, I purchased and installed 4 more drives keeping the configuration the same. Set up the Vertual disks in PERC 6/i. When I exit out and reboot the system I get the following: fsck.ext3: No such file or dirrectory while trying open /dev/ddb1 [FAILED] ***An error occurred during the file system check. ***Dropping you to a shell; the system will reboot ***when you leave the shell. Then am prompted for the root pw. I enter it and am then prompted with: (Repair filesystem) 1# if I type fdisk -l I get some info on the disk along with: Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table I am then prompted for (Repair filesystem) 2# If I reboot I am taken to the same screen again. The system was working before this happened. Does anyone know why this is happening and or what I can do to fix it? Thanks

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  • How to mount a cdrom to a kvm/qemu domain?

    - by ??O?????
    I have set up a virtual machine running Windows XP on my Ubuntu laptop. Using the virt-manager GUI application, I can insert a CD in my drive and go to Details?IDE CDROM 1 and click on the Connect button. Then the CD becomes available in my virtual machine. How can I do the same through the command line? Obviously, I'd like to be able to disconnect from the command line too. Note: I can start the VM from the command line using virsh start testbed (testbed being the name of the domain/VM).

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  • iMac boot from linux partition on external drive

    - by user74757
    I have the following "setup:" iMac (no internal drive/dead) --------- (Firewire) ------- [[MAC OS X]] | | | | (USB) | | | | [[MISC STORAGE PARTITION] [MISC STORAGE PARTITION] [EXT2 UBUNTU PARTITION]] I routinely use the firewire drive to boot MAC OS X. However, I would like to boot from the linux partition of the USB drive. This linux partition had linux installed on it from a live cd, and during that process, I told the installer to install GRUB on the usb drive (which happened to be /dev/sdd). My question is, how do I get this disk to show up during the iMac option-boot? Currently, only the firewire MAC OS X option shows up. I have read about rEFIT, but that appears to install it to the Mac OS X disk (would that still work?)... Also mentioned was installing rEFIT to the internal EFI system partition, but I don't know if that is wise.

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  • Wamp virtualhost with supporting of remote access

    - by Farid
    To cut the long story short, I've setup a Wamp server with local virtual host for domain like sample.dev, now I've bind my static IP and port 80 to my Apache and asked the client to make some changes in his hosts file and add x.x.x.x sample.dev , I've also configured my httpd virtual host like this : <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAlias sample.dev DocumentRoot 'webroot_directory' </VirtualHost> Client can reach to my web server using the direct access by ip address, but when he tries using the sample domain looks like he gets in to some infinite loop. The firewall is off too. What would be the problem?! Thanks.

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  • Reshape linux md raid5 that is already being reshaped?

    - by smammy
    I just converted my RAID1 array to a RAID5 array and added a third disk to it. I'd like to add a fourth disk without waiting fourteen hours for the first reshape to complete. I just did this: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdf1 mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --raid-devices=3 --backup-file=/root/md0_n3.bak The entry in /proc/mdstat looks like this: md0 : active raid5 sdf1[2] sda1[0] sdb1[1] 976759936 blocks super 0.91 level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU] [>....................] reshape = 1.8% (18162944/976759936) finish=834.3min speed=19132K/sec Now I'd like to do this: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdd1 mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --raid-devices=4 --backup-file=/root/md8_n4.bak Is this safe, or do I have to wait for the first reshape operation to complete? P.S.: I know I should have added both disks first, and then reshaped from 2 to 4 devices, but it's a little late for that.

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  • Hyper-v vs Virtualbox

    - by user53864
    I am using Oracle VirtualBox for ubuntu guest virtual servers on windows server 2008 R2. I'm in a plan to migrate(stop using virtualbox) from VirtualBox to Hyper-V. I guess many are using hyper-v virtualization and have good control over it and could help me here in clarifying few things. The reason I use Virtualbox is it's open source and the reason for migrating is that if hyper-v support any additional feature which virtualbox doesn't(and I couldn't migrate VBox vms along with all the snapshots). I have following questions to get it clarified. Does hyper-v require any licence or is limited to running particular number of virtual machines?. Is hyper-v capable to export/import VMs along with all the snapshots? Is it possible to run HeadLess VMs like it's done with VirtualBox? Does hyper-v recognize VDI/VMDK? Anybody can suggest me anything?. Thanks!

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  • LVM mirroring VS RAID1

    - by syrenity
    Hi. Having learned a bit about LVM mirroring, I thought about replacing the current RAID-1 scheme I'm using to gain some flexibility. Problem is that according to what I found on the Internet, LVM is: 1) Slower then RAID-1, at least in reading (as only single volume being used for reading). 2) Non-reliable on power interrupts, and requires disk cache disabling for prevention of data loss. http://www.joshbryan.com/blog/2008/01/02/lvm2-mirrors-vs-md-raid-1/ Also it seems, at least to several setup guides I read (http://www.tcpdump.com/kb/os/linux/lvm-mirroring/intro.html), that one actually requires a 3rd disk for storing the LVM log. This makes the setup completely unusable on 2 disks installations, and lowers the amount of used mirror disks on higher amount of disks. Can anyone comment the above facts, and let me know his experience of using LVM mirroring? Thanks.

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  • Postfix issues sending mail to addresses under domain located on server

    - by iamthewit
    I recently installed virtualmin on my nice shiny new rackspace cloud. Everything went seemlessly but I've been having some issues getting emails to send properly. The problem seems to be that the server can not send mail to email addresses where the domain is owned by my server. For example, on my server I run multiple virtual domains, lets call this one test.com. When I run the mail command from shell (mail [email protected]) I get the following back from my maillog: Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/pickup[8737]: DC1131612CC: uid=0 from= Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/cleanup[8769]: DC1131612CC: [email protected] Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DC1131612CC: [email protected], size=353, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/error[8771]: DC1131612CC: [email protected], relay=none, delay=0, delays=0/0/0/0, dsn=5.0.0, status=bounced (User unknown in virtual alias table) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/cleanup[8769]: DD07D1612D1: [email protected] Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/bounce[8772]: DC1131612CC: sender non-delivery notification: DD07D1612D1 Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DD07D1612D1: from=<, size=2268, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DC1131612CC: removed Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/local[8773]: DD07D1612D1: [email protected], relay=local, delay=0.03, delays=0/0/0/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to command: /usr/bin/procmail-wrapper -o -a $DOMAIN -d $LOGNAME) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DD07D1612D1: removed when I run mail [email protected] the message is sent and received perfectly fine. I'm a bit of a noob when it comes to servers, but I pick things up fairly quickly, so please excuse any incorrect terminology and my general noobiness. Any help would be greatly appreciated, I've been googling for quite a while but I haven't found a solution yet, I'll add a copy of my main.cf file in a response below cheers guys here is the reformatted postconf, do you want the reformatted main.cf file too, or is this enough? alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail-wrapper -o -a $DOMAIN -d $LOGNAME mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man myhostname = server.test.com newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README_FILES sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/samples sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/bcc sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

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  • Virtualbox - routing subnet to bridge adapters

    - by user42384
    Hello, I have set up a Debian Lenny box with 3 vbox Lenny machines running eth0 of the host in bridged mode (on virtualbox 3.1.6). When testing in my local LAN, this all worked perfectly well and traffic flowed to and from the IPs of the virtual machines as it should. However, now that it's in its co-lo home, the networking setup is a bit different, and I'm unable to get traffic to flow to the vboxes properly. Specifically, the host has its own Primary IP, and I have a separate subnet of 8 (6 usable) IPs routed to the box for use by the vboxes. So, eth0 on host is: Machine IP: 2x.x.x.137 Gateway IP: 2x.x.x.138 Subnet Msk: 255.255.255.252 Subnet for vboxes is Subnet: 2x.x.x.240/29 Netmask: 255.255.255.248 vbox1 is configured to 2x.x.x.241 on eth0 as follows: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 2x.x.x.241 netmask 255.255.255.248 Setting up a virtual interface (eth0:0) on the host with one of these subnet IPs allows me to ping to that address only from vbox1, and it allows me to ping vbox1 from the host. I can also ping that virtual interface perfectly well from outside, so the IPs are definitely landing at my machine. It seems I'm missing some sort of routing instruction either on the host or vbox1 to get traffic moving between the subnet and the default gateway, but I can't seem to figure out what it should be, or what glaringly obvious thing i'm missing. Most of my obvious attempts (the gw of eth0, the ip of eth0) were rejected by route command with SIOCADDRT: No such device (eg - i can't find it). I tried setting vbox1 to bridge on eth0:0, but this was not an acceptable device name and VBoxHeadless refused to start. The physical machine does have an unused physical NIC at eth1 that can be used if necessary for something or other. Host machine is running iptables configured by ferm, have experimented with it allowing forwarding for that subnet, but I wouldn't have thought this was necessary given the nature of the virtualbox devices (nor did it actually work). Clearing out all of these rules for a blank iptables set does not resolve the issue. (you can see ferm generated iptables at http://codedumper.com/ojaze) Thanks for any help you can give... Patrick

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  • Which SATA controller is better to use with Windows Server 2008 R2 64 bit?

    - by at8eqeq3
    We're preforming some hardware upgrade on our server machines. As a part of this process, we have to install some additional disk drives. Unfortunately, total number of drives will become 7 or 8, while all of our motherboards have only 6 SATA ports. Obviously, we need additional disk controllers. For now, we've tested Silicon Image (actually, no-name) and Adaptec controllers, both on SiI3132 chip, and got some problems with drivers for them: Silicon Image drivers are not installing at all, and Adaptec ones are installing, but the system says they're not signed and becomes unbootable. We're tryed both drivers from controllers' CD's and latest versions from manufacturers' websites, and no luck. So, can you recommend some SATA controllers that will really work without tambourine dances on mentioned OS (we need just 2 SATA ports and PCI-E, while RAID and any other features are no-matter)? Thanks for any help.

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  • System failure - need diagnostic recommendation

    - by Ladislav Mrnka
    I have big problem with my computer. Configuration is: Intel i7 + 6x2GB OCZ DDR3 Motheboard: Asus P6T Deluxe V2, HDD controller configured to AHCI Main drive: OCZ Vertex 2 (SSD) - contains all installed programs and system Second drive: Samsung SpinPoint - contains User profiles, ProgramData, virtual machines and databases Third drive: Samsung SpinPoint - data drive + backups OS: Windows 7 Ultimate x64 I have never had any problem with this computer until now. During weekend my computer completely crashed without any reason. Each time I tried to boot to Windows I got BSOD with message BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO and automatic restart (I didn't install any new SW or HW). But after restart main OCZ drive was disconnected (not detected by BIOS). When I turned off and on computer, the drive was again connected. It also happend every single time I tried to repair installation somehow. It ended with some error and after restart drive was disconnected. The only thing which worked was format + fresh install. After installing almost everything I wanted to install Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate (complete installation without SQL Server Express). During installation of VS itself I always get BSOD - it is too fast so I'm not able to read description. After restart it searches for all disk drives for really long time and sometimes it changes boot drive so the system is not able to start - Bootmgr not found. After reconfiguring BIOS the system starts. There is no event describing the failure in Event viewer. Installing VS 2010 is absolutely necessary for me. I need help with diagnostic. I need to find where is the problem - I expect that the problem is in OCZ drive or in HDD controller on motherboard but I don't know how to find it. All components still have valid warranty. Can you recommend me some approach or tools to find the problem? Edit: I'm still looking for source of the problem. New information is that Windows are not able to perform check disk (Chkdsk) on the SSD system drive. After restarting it always starts checking drive and in part where files are checked it fails with BSOD - BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO. After next restart and skipping check disk tests the system runs.

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  • Can't copy Ilias-folder via FQDN, but via ip-address?

    - by Lars
    I have an Ilias-Installation, which is available through two virtual hosts: the FQDN and the ip-address. The first server is ssl only, the second plain http. Both configuration files look the same except for the SSL-part: SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/ilias.pem In the Ilias-Webinterface, I can copy a folder on the plain http. But if I try to copy the same folder on the ssl virtual host, I get the notice, that the copy was started (rough german translation here), but the folder does not show up. There are no errors in the error-logs of php or the webserver and as said, no differences beside the ssl-part. The guys at an ilias-forum did not have an idea, either. Any ideas in here?

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  • How to troubleshoot if a zip file is valid or if it is big file size to be unzipped ?

    - by mireille raad
    Hello , I am trying to unzip a file with the size of 2GB I am getting the following error : unzip CLTE_C_08.zip Archive: CLTE_C_08.zip End-of-central-directory signature not found. Either this file is not a zipfile, or it constitutes one disk of a multi-part archive. In the latter case the central directory and zipfile comment will be found on the last disk(s) of this archive. unzip: cannot find zipfile directory in one of CLTE_C_08.zip or CLTE_C_08.zip.zip, and cannot find CLTE_C_08.zip.ZIP, period. After some googling, some people say that this error is because the file is too big, others say because file is corrupt, others say that it could be a not unix archive. So my question , how to find out if file is valid archive file on my Centos and what is the command/trick to uncompress big files ( if any ) Thanks in advance :)

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  • compressing dd backup on the fly

    - by Phil
    Maybe this will sound like dumb question but the way i'm trying to do it doesn't work. I'm on livecd, drive is unmounted, etc. When i do backup this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.ext3 bs=64k ...normally it would work but i don't have enough space on external hd i'm copying to (it ALMOST fits into it). So I wanted to compress this way sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 | gzip > /media/disk/sda2-backup-10august09.gz ...but i got permissions denied. I don't understand.

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