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• how to make a software and preserve database integrity and correctness and please help confused

  - by user287745

  i have made an application project in vs 08 c#, sql server from vs 08. the database has like 20 tables and many fields in each have made an interface for adding deleting editting and retrieving data according to predefined needs of the users. now i have to 1) make to project in to a software which i can deliver to professor. that is he can just double click the icon and the software simply starts. no vs 08 needed to start the debugging 2) the database will be on one powerful computer (dual core latest everything win xp) and the user will access it from another computer connected using LAN i am able to change the connection string to the shared database using vs 08/ debugger whenever the server changes but how am i supposed to do that when its a software? 3)there will by many clients am i supposed to give the same software to every one, so they all can connect to the database, how will the integrity and correctness of the database be maintained? i mean the db.mdf file will be in a folder which will be shared with read and write access. so its not necessary that only one user will write at a time. so is there any coding for this or? please help me out here i am stuck do not know what to do i have no practical experience, would appreciate all the help thank you

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• Castle ActiveRecord - schema generation without enforcing referential integrity?

  - by Simon

  Hi all, I've just started playing with Castle active record as it seems like a gentle way into NHibernate. I really like the idea of the database schema being generate from my classes during development. I want to do something similar to the following: [ActiveRecord] public class Camera : ActiveRecordBase<Camera> { [PrimaryKey] public int CameraId {get; set;} [Property] public int CamKitId {get; set;} [Property] public string serialNo {get; set;} } [ActiveRecord] public class Tripod : ActiveRecordBase<Tripod> { [PrimaryKey] public int TripodId {get; set;} [Property] public int CamKitId {get; set;} [Property] public string serialNo {get; set;} } [ActiveRecord] public class CameraKit : ActiveRecordBase<CameraKit> { [PrimaryKey] public int CamKitId {get; set;} [Property] public string description {get; set;} [HasMany(Inverse=true, Table="Cameras", ColumnKey="CamKitId")] public IList<Camera> Cameras {get; set;} [HasMany(Inverse=true, Table="Tripods", ColumnKey="CamKitId")] public IList<Camera> Tripods {get; set;} } A camerakit should contain any number of tripods and cameras. Camera kits exist independently of cameras and tripods, but are sometimes related. The problem is, if I use createschema, this will put foreign key constraints on the Camera and Tripod tables. I don't want this, I want to be able to to set CamKitId to null on the tripod and camera tables to indicate that it is not part of a CameraKit. Is there a way to tell activerecord/nhibernate to still see it as related, without enforcing the integrity? I was thinking I could have a cameraKit record in there to indicate "no camera kit", but it seems like oeverkill. Or is my schema wrong? Am I doing something I shouldn't with an ORM? (I've not really used ORMs much) Thanks!

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• Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 14 &ndash; Insuring Integrity &amp; Availability

  - by MarkPearl

  After reading this section you should be able to Identify the characteristics of a network that keep data safe from loss or damage Protect an enterprise-wide network from viruses Explain network and system level fault tolerance techniques Discuss issues related to network backup and recovery strategies Describe the components of a useful disaster recovery plan and the options for disaster contingencies What are integrity and availability? Integrity – the soundness of a networks programs, data, services, devices, and connections Availability – How consistently and reliably a file or system can be accessed by authorized personnel A number of phenomena can compromise both integrity and availability including… security breaches natural disasters malicious intruders power flaws human error users etc Although you cannot predict every type of vulnerability, you can take measures to guard against the most damaging events. The following are some guidelines… Allow only network administrators to create or modify NOS and application system users. Monitor the network for unauthorized access or changes Record authorized system changes in a change management system’ Install redundant components Perform regular health checks on the network Check system performance, error logs, and the system log book regularly Keep backups Implement and enforce security and disaster recovery policies These are just some of the basics… Malware Malware refers to any program or piece of code designed to intrude upon or harm a system or its resources. Types of Malware… Boot sector viruses Macro viruses File infector viruses Worms Trojan Horse Network Viruses Bots Malware characteristics Some common characteristics of Malware include… Encryption Stealth Polymorphism Time dependence Malware Protection There are various tools available to protect you from malware called anti-malware software. These monitor your system for indications that a program is performing potential malware operations. A number of techniques are used to detect malware including… Signature Scanning Integrity Checking Monitoring unexpected file changes or virus like behaviours It is important to decide where anti-malware tools will be installed and find a balance between performance and protection. There are several general purpose malware policies that can be implemented to protect your network including… Every compute in an organization should be equipped with malware detection and cleaning software that regularly runs Users should not be allowed to alter or disable the anti-malware software Users should know what to do in case the anti-malware program detects a malware virus Users should be prohibited from installing any unauthorized software on their systems System wide alerts should be issued to network users notifying them if a serious malware virus has been detected. Fault Tolerance Besides guarding against malware, another key factor in maintaining the availability and integrity of data is fault tolerance. Fault tolerance is the ability for a system to continue performing despite an unexpected hardware or software malfunction. Fault tolerance can be realized in varying degrees, the optimal level of fault tolerance for a system depends on how critical its services and files are to productivity. Generally the more fault tolerant the system, the more expensive it is. The following describe some of the areas that need to be considered for fault tolerance. Environment (Temperature and humidity) Power Topology and Connectivity Servers Storage Power Typical power flaws include Surges – a brief increase in voltage due to lightening strikes, solar flares or some idiot at City Power Noise – Fluctuation in voltage levels caused by other devices on the network or electromagnetic interference Brownout – A sag in voltage for just a moment Blackout – A complete power loss The are various alternate power sources to consider including UPS’s and Generators. UPS’s are found in two categories… Standby UPS – provides continuous power when mains goes down (brief period of switching over) Online UPS – is online all the time and the device receives power from the UPS all the time (the UPS is charged continuously) Servers There are various techniques for fault tolerance with servers. Server mirroring is an option where one device or component duplicates the activities of another. It is generally an expensive process. Clustering is a fault tolerance technique that links multiple servers together to appear as a single server. They share processing and storage responsibilities and if one unit in the cluster goes down, another unit can be brought in to replace it. Storage There are various techniques available including the following… RAID Arrays NAS (Storage (Network Attached Storage) SANs (Storage Area Networks) Data Backup A backup is a copy of data or program files created for archiving or safekeeping. Many different options for backups exist with various media including… These vary in cost and speed. Optical Media Tape Backup External Disk Drives Network Backups Backup Strategy After selecting the appropriate tool for performing your servers backup, devise a backup strategy to guide you through performing reliable backups that provide maximum data protection. Questions that should be answered include… What data must be backed up At what time of day or night will the backups occur How will you verify the accuracy of the backups Where and for how long will backup media be stored Who will take responsibility for ensuring that backups occurred How long will you save backups Where will backup and recovery documentation be stored Different backup methods provide varying levels of certainty and corresponding labour cost. There are also different ways to determine which files should be backed up including… Full backup – all data on all servers is copied to storage media Incremental backup – Only data that has changed since the last full or incremental backup is copied to a storage medium Differential backup – Only data that has changed since the last backup is coped to a storage medium Disaster Recovery Disaster recovery is the process of restoring your critical functionality and data after an enterprise wide outage has occurred. A disaster recovery plan is for extreme scenarios (i.e. fire, line fault, etc). A cold site is a place were the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exist but they are not appropriately configured. A warm site is a place where the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exists with some appropriately configured devices. A hot site is a place where the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exists and all are appropriately configured.

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• How to edit semi-plaintext file and maintaining character structure?

  - by Raul

  I am using a software (Groupmail from Infacta) that uses exact / absolute %PATHS% for saving some settings in specific semi-plaintext file. This is a really bad idea because you can't move to USER folder, or like my case it does not work after migrating to a new computer with different language. For example: C:\Documents and Settings\USER\Local Settings\Application Data\Infacta is different than C:\Documents and Settings\USER\Configuración local\Datos de programa\Infacta Obviously, the software does not work well. I tried to solve this using Find/Replace the new PATH with Notepad++. While the Groupmail software loads well and shows settings correctly, the software fails when trying to save data on that file. I guess this is because length or number of replaced characters is different and also it corrupt the file. Please could you help me to edit this file maintaining file integrity / structure?

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• Data Archiving vs not

  - by Recursion

  For the sake of data integrity, is it wiser to archive your files or just leave them unarchived. No compression is being used. My thinking is that if you leave your files unarchived, if there is some form of corruption it will only hurt a smaller number of files. Though if you archive, lets say all of your documents, if there is even the slightest corruption, the entire archive is unrecoverable. So whats the best way to keep a clean file system, but not be subject to data corruption.

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• Data Archiving vs not

  - by Recursion

  For the sake of data integrity, is it wiser to archive your files or just leave them unarchived. No compression is being used. My thinking is that if you leave your files unarchived, if there is some form of corruption it will only hurt a smaller number of files. Though if you archive, lets say all of your documents, if there is even the slightest corruption, the entire archive is unrecoverable. So whats the best way to keep a clean file system, but not be subject to data corruption.

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• Fast file integrity verification

  - by John Williams

  Is there any fast algorithm that allows to compare two files (for verification purpose) without need to read the entire contents?

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• Django: many-to-one fields and data integrity

  - by John

  Let's say that I have a Person who runs an inventory system. Each Person has some Cars, and each Car has a very large number of Parts (thousands, let's say). A Person, Bob, uses a Django form to create a Car. Now, Bob goes to create some Parts. It is only at the form level that Django knows that the Parts belong to some specific Car, and that the Parts.ForeignKey(Car) field should only have a specific Car as a choice. When creating a Part, you have to mess with the form's constructor or similar in order to limit the choice of Cars to only the cars owned by Bob. It does not seem proper that to enforce this ownership at the form level. It seems that other users' Cars must be inaccessible to anyone but the owner of the Car. What do you all think about this, and is there any way to enforce this?

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• many to many and integrity when saving the null

  - by user369759

  I have two classes Software, Tag - they are related by ManyToMany. We CAN NOT create Software without putting the Tag to it. I want to write a test which check that: @Test public void createSoftwareWithNullTags() { List<Tag> tags = null; Software software = new Software("software1", "description1", tags); try { software.save(); fail("tags should not be null"); } catch (Exception ex) { // NEVER COME HERE !!! } } So, this test fails. I guess it is not good test for that case - because it even do not try to SAVE data to SOFTWARE_TAG table. Of course i could do validation manually but i want implement it with hibernate, using some annotation or something. Is it possible? Or how would you do this? My entities: @Entity public class Tag extends Model { public String title; public Tag(String title) { this.title = title; } @ManyToMany( cascade = {CascadeType.ALL}, mappedBy = "tags", targetEntity = Software.class ) public List<Software> softwares; } @Entity public class Software extends Model { public String title; public String description; @ManyToOne(optional = false) public Author author; @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL) @JoinTable( name = "SOFTWARE_TAG", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "Software_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "Tag_id") ) public List<Tag> tags; public Software(String title, String description, Author author, List<Tag> tags) { this.title = title; this.description = description; this.author = author; this.tags = tags; } }

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• Trying to catch integrity error with sqlaclhemey

  - by Lostsoul

  I'm having problems with trying to catch a error. I'm using pyramid/sqlalchemy and made a sign up form with email as the primary key. The problem is when a duplicate email is entered it raises a IntegrityError, so I'm trying to catch that error and provide a message but no matter what I do I can't catch it(the error keeps appearing). try: new_user = Users(email, firstname, lastname, password) DBSession.add(new_user) return HTTPFound(location = request.route_url('new')) except IntegrityError: message1 = "Yikes! Your email already exists in our system. Did you forget your password?" I get the same message when I tried except exc.SQLAlchemyError (although I want to catch specific errors and not a blanket catch all). Is there something wrong with my python syntax? or is there something I need to do special in sqlalchemy to catch it?

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• Validation - Data Integrity

  - by Thomas

  A table can only store 10 records in a particular state, 10 users over 30 years for example, the others must be less than 30 years. It is a business rule and as such should be respected. How to ensure that state? Think: multiple users accessing this table.

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• Sorting nested set by name while keep depth integrity

  - by wb

  I'm using the nested set model that'll later be used to build a sitemap for my web site. This is my table structure. create table departments ( id int identity(0, 1) primary key , lft int , rgt int , name nvarchar(60) ); insert into departments (lft, rgt, name) values (1, 10, 'departments'); insert into departments (lft, rgt, name) values (2, 3, 'd'); insert into departments (lft, rgt, name) values (4, 9, 'a'); insert into departments (lft, rgt, name) values (5, 6, 'b'); insert into departments (lft, rgt, name) values (7, 8, 'c'); How can I sort by depth as well as name? I can do select replicate('----', count(parent.name) - 1) + ' ' + node.name , count(parent.name) - 1 as depth , node.lft from departments node , departments parent where node.lft between parent.lft and parent.rgt group by node.name, node.lft order by depth asc, node.name asc; However, that does not match children with their parent for some reason. department lft rgt --------------------------- departments 0 1 ---- a 1 4 ---- d 1 2 -------- b 2 5 -------- c 2 7 As you can see, department 'd' has department 'a's children! Thank you.

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• Checking the configuration of two systems to determine changes

  - by None

  We are standing up a replicant data center at work and need to ensure that the new data center is configured (nearly) identically to the original. The new data center will be differently addressed and named than the original and will have differing user accounts, but all the COTS, patches, and configurations should be the same. We would normally ghost the original servers and install those images onto the new machines, however, we have a few problematic pieces of COTS that require we install them outside of an image due to how they capture the setup of the network during their installation and maintain it within their configuration information (in some cases storing it in various databases). We have tried multiple times and this piece of COTS cannot be captured within a ghost image unless the destination machine will have an identical network setup (all the same IPs, hostnames, user accounts, etc across the entire network) as the original. In truth, it is the setup of these special COTS that I want to audit the most because they are difficult to install and configure in the first place. In light of the fact that we can’t simply ghost, I’m trying to find a reasonable manner to audit the new data center and check to see if it is setup like the original (some sort of system wide configuration audit or integrity check). I’m considering using something like Tripwire for Servers to capture the configuration on the source machines and then run an audit on the destination machines. I understand that it will still show some differences due to the minor config changes, but I’m hoping that it will eliminate the majority of the work. Here are some of the constraints I’m working under: Data center is comprised of multiple Windows and Linux machines of differing versions (about 20 total) I absolutely cannot ghost or snap any other type of image of these machines … at least not in their final configuration I want to audit the final configuration to ensure all of the COTS, patches, configurations, etc are installed and setup properly (as compared to the original data center) I would rather not install any additional tools on these machines … I’d much rather run it from a standalone machine or off a DVD Price of tools is important but not an impossible burden, however, getting a solution soon is important (I can’t take the time to roll my own tools to do this) For the COTS that stores the network information, I don’t know all of the places it stores the network information … so it would be unlikely I could find a way in the near future to adjust its setup after the installation has occurred Anyone have any thoughts or alternate approaches? Can anyone recommend tools that would be usable for system wide configuration audits?

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• mysql circular dependency in foreign key constraints

  - by Flavius

  Given the schema: What I need is having every user_identities.belongs_to reference an users.id. At the same time, every users has a primary_identity as shown in the picture. However when I try to add this reference with ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, MySQL says #1452 - Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (yap.#sql-a3b_1bf, CONSTRAINT #sql-a3b_1bf_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (belongs_to) REFERENCES users (id) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) I suspect this is due to the circular dependency, but how could I solve it (and maintain referential integrity)?

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• Used HDD/ran DiskSmartView/40,000 Power-on-hours?? should i trust it w/ my data, or take it back and bitch?

  - by David Lindsay

  I just bought a used hard drive from a University Surplus Store. Decided to run DiskSmartView to make sure it wasn't ready to fail. 40,000 power-on-hours I don't know if I feel like trusting my data to something that used. I really dont know if thats unreasonably old, but when i compare it to the POH reading i get when testing my other hdds its more than 3x older (my others have 2110 hours, 6150 hours, etc.. It's a Western Digital, so that gives me a little bit of hope(WDC WD4000KD-00NAB0). I could sure use someone else's opinion here. Thanks, DAVE

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• Single file changed: intrusion or corruption?

  - by Michaël Witrant

  rkhunter reported a single file change on a virtual server (netstat binary). It didn't report any other warning. The change was not the result of a package upgrade (I reinstalled it and the checksum is back as it was before). I'm wondering whether this is a file corruption or an intrusion. I guess an intrusion would have changed many other files watched by rkhunter (or none if the intruder had access to rkhunter's database). I disassembled both binaries with objdump -d and stored the diff here: https://gist.github.com/3972886 The full dump diff generated with objdump -s is here : https://gist.github.com/3972937 I guess a file corruption would have changed either large blocks or single bits, not small blocks like this. Do these changes look suspicious? How could I investigate more? The system is running Debian Squeeze.

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• Is ECC mandatory in SSD technology?

  - by Alexander Shcheblikin

  While shopping for an SSD I have noticed that some manufacturers promote their "Pro" models as the ones sporting ECC data protection. Those manufacturers do not mention ECC in their budget models descriptions. However, Wikipedia article on flash memory states that "NAND relies on ECC to compensate for bits that may spontaneously fail during normal device operation." So the question is does any SSD device use ECC behind the scenes for its normal operation and is that ECC "feature" just a marketing ploy?

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• Changing filesystem types "safely"

  - by warren

  Back in Windows 95 OSR2 (I believe), there was a conversion tool that would take your extant FAT16 partition and change it to FAT32 non-destructively (most of the time). Are there any tools like that now for going from one file system type to another in situ without destroying the data? For example, from etx3 to ext4? Or NTFS to XFS?

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• How two or more guest OS's hosted in a virtual environment handles editing of single resource?

  - by pramodc84

  I know this sounds very general question. Consider 2 OS's running using virtualization say operating system level virtualization. How concurrency is handled if both hosted OS using same resource and how this works?

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• MD5 file processing

  - by Ric Coles

  Good morning all, I'm working on an MD5 file integrity check tool in C#. How long should it take for a file to be given an MD5 checksum value? For example, if I try to get a 2gb .mpg file, it is taking around 5 mins+ each time. This seems overly long. Am I just being impatient? Below is the code I'm running public string getHash(String @fileLocation) { FileStream fs = new FileStream(@fileLocation, FileMode.Open); HashAlgorithm alg = new HMACMD5(); byte[] hashValue = alg.ComputeHash(fs); string md5Result = ""; foreach (byte x in hashValue) { md5Result += x; } fs.Close(); return md5Result; } Any suggestions will be appreciated. Regards

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• sql server db deployment script ignoring constraints etc until commit

  - by Daniel

  Hi all, I am planning on doing a database deployment script for sql server 2005. Currently we have a tool that will run all of the tables, foreign keys, indexes and then data, each of which is located in a separate file with a certain extension (eg. tab, .kci, .fky) and the tool just runs *.tab, *.kci, *.fky into the db etc. Could I possibly combine all of thse into one file and have them run ignoring referential integrity until they are all complete, I would turn it on before we started inserting test data. It is just unmanageable having to maintain 4 or 5 different types of scripts for one table. Are there any issues I should be aware of? Cheers

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• Doubts About Core Data NSManagedObject Deep Copy

  - by Jigzat

  Hello everyone, I have a situation where I must copy one NSManagedObject from the main context into an editing context. It sounds unnecessary to most people as I have seen in similar situations described in Stackoverflow but I looks like I need it. In my app there are many views in a tab bar and every view handles different information that is related to the other views. I think I need multiple MOCs since the user may jump from tab to tab and leave unsaved changes in some tab but maybe it saves data in some other tab/view so if that happens the changes in the rest of the views are saved without user consent and in the worst case scenario makes the app crash. For adding new information I got away by using an adding MOC and then merging changes in both MOCs but for editing is not that easy. I saw a similar situation here in Stackoverflow but the app crashes since my data model doesn't seem to use NSMutableSet for the relationships (I don't think I have a many-to-many relationship, just one-to-many) I think it can be modified so I can retrieve the relationships as if they were attributes for (NSString *attr in relationships) { [cloned setValue:[source valueForKey:attr] forKey:attr]; } but I don't know how to merge the changes of the cloned and original objects. I think I could just delete the object from the main context, then merge both contexts and save changes in the main context but I don't know if is the right way to do it. I'm also concerned about database integrity since I'm not sure that the inverse relationships will keep the same reference to the cloned object as if it were the original one. Can some one please enlighten me about this?

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• MS Access 2003: Can data disappear from records and how do I test for this and prevent it?

  - by user328960

  Problem and about the database: Data from a record in Access 2003 database has disappeared. This database has 1 backend and 3 frontends, multiple users and is hosted on Citrix. Within this database, we have records of all clients served, ranging in the 1000s. Background info: The form for client data entry is set up with various subforms, including both a "programs enrolled" subform and a "services" subform. A client can be enrolled in multiple programs. Once enrolled in a program, services can be entered for that program area using the services subform. There are multiple fields in the services subform, one of which is a drop-down field allowing you to choose from the programs a client has been enrolled in (the list is updated for that client whenever he is enrolled in a new program). The problem details: For one specific record and one specific program area, the program has disappeared from the "programs enrolled" subform and all of the related services have disappeared from the "services" subform for a period of 3 months of data entry. However, other programs and services for this record did not disappear. Questions: Is the disappearance of data a common Access 2003 problem? Are there tests in place that can be run to see if data is disappearing and catch that data? If so, what are they? If there is specific code involved, what is it? What can be done to prevent the disappearing of data (other than using a different database)?

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• Efficient data importing?

  - by Kevin

  We work with a lot of real estate, and while rearchitecting how the data is imported, I came across an interesting issue. Firstly, the way our system works (loosely speaking) is we run a Coldfusion process once a day that retrieves data provided from an IDX vendor via FTP. They push the data to us. Whatever they send us is what we get. Over the years, this has proven to be rather unstable. I am rearchitecting it with PHP on the RETS standard, which uses SOAP methods of retrieving data, which is already proven to be much better than what we had. When it comes to 'updating' existing data, my initial thought was to query only for data that was updated. There is a field for 'Modified' that tells you when a listing was last updated, and the code I have will grab any listing updated within the last 6 hours (give myself a window in case something goes wrong). However, I see a lot of real estate developers suggest creating 'batch' processes that run through all listings regardless of updated status that is constantly running. Is this the better way to do it? Or am I fine with just grabbing the data I know I need? It doesn't make a lot of sense to me to do more processing than necessary. Thoughts?

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• How to prevent column b containing the same value as any column a in Oracle?

  - by Janek Bogucki

  What is a good way to prevent a table with 2 columns, a and b, from having any record where column b is equal to any value in column a? This would be used for a table of corrections like this, MR -> Mr Prf. -> Prof. MRs -> Mrs I can see how it could be done with a trigger and a subquery assuming no concurrent activity but a more declarative approach would be preferable. This is an example of what should be prevented, Wing Commdr. -> Wing Cdr. Wing Cdr. -> Wing Commander Ideally the solution would work with concurrent inserts and updates.

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