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• What can I do with dynamic typing that I can not do with static typing

  - by Justin984

  I've been using python for a few days now and I think I understand the difference between dynamic and static typing. What I don't understand is why it's useful. I keep hearing about its "flexibility" but it seems like it just moves a bunch of compile time checks to runtime, which means more unit tests. This seems like an awfully big tradeoff to make for small advantages like readability and "flexibility". Can someone provide me with a real world example where dynamic typing allows me to do something I can't do with static typing?

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• Using static in PHP

  - by nischayn22

  I have a few functions in PHP that read data from functions in a class readUsername(int userId){ $reader = getReader(); return $reader->getname(userId); } readUserAddress(){ $reader = getReader(); return $reader->getaddress(userId); } All these make a call to getReader() { require_once("Reader.php"); static $reader = new Reader(); return $reader; } An overview of Reader class Reader{ getname(int id) { //if in-memory cache exists for this id return that //else get from db and cache it } getaddress(int id) { $this->getname(int id); //get address from name here } /*Other stuff*/ } Why is class Reader needed The Reader class does some in-memory caching of user details. So, I need only one object of class Reader and it will cache the user details instead of making multiple db calls. I am using static so that it the object gets created only once. Is this the right approach or should I do something else?

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• Size of static libraries generated by XCode

  - by shaft80

  I have a project tree in XCode that looks like this: AppProject depends on ObjcWrapper that in turn depends on PureCppLib. ObjcWrapper and PureCppLib are static library projects. Combined, all sources barely reach 15k lines of code, and, as expected, the size of resulting binary is about 750Kb in release mode and slightly over 1Mb in debug mode. So far, so good. However, ObjcWraper.a and PureCppLib.a are over 6Mb each in either mode. So the first question is why it is so. But more importantly, how can I ensure that those static libs do not include parts or all of the source code? Thanks in advance!

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• When should I use static methods in a class and what are the benefits?

  - by NAVEED

  I have concept of static variables but what are the benefits of static methods in a class. I have worked on some projects but I did not make a method static. Whenever I need to call a method of a class, I create an object of that class and call the desired method. Static variable in a method holds it's value even when method is executed but accessible only in its containing method but what is the best definition of static method? Is calling the static method without creating object of that class is the only benefit of static method? What is the accessible range for static method? What is the syntax to create and calling static method in php? Thanks

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• Hide struct definition in static library.

  - by BobMcLaury

  Hi, I need to provide a C static library to the client and need to be able to make a struct definition unavailable. On top of that I need to be able to execute code before the main at library initialization using a global variable. Here's my code: private.h #ifndef PRIVATE_H #define PRIVATE_H typedef struct TEST test; #endif private.c (this should end up in a static library) #include "private.h" #include <stdio.h> struct TEST { TEST() { printf("Execute before main and have to be unavailable to the user.\n"); } int a; // Can be modified by the user int b; // Can be modified by the user int c; // Can be modified by the user } TEST; main.c test t; int main( void ) { t.a = 0; t.b = 0; t.c = 0; return 0; } Obviously this code doesn't work... but show what I need to do... Anybody knows how to make this work? I google quite a bit but can't find an answer, any help would be greatly appreciated. TIA!

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• Rebuilt website from static html to CMS need to redirect indexed links

  - by Michael Dunn

  I have rebuilt a website which was all created with static html pages, it has now been rebuilt using a CMS system. I need to find a way of redirecting all the existing links to there new corresponding pages which utilise friendly URL rewrites on the CMS based website I imagine there will be several hundred if not 1000s as i have pages and images linked from google. What is the most efficient way to complete this Thanks in advance Mike

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• Attaching a static library to an iphone/ipad application

  - by Jack

  Hello, which is the best approach to include a static library with into an application for iPhone or iPad? I could choose to compile the library supplying right platform and building a library file with the ar utility and then add as a framework to the project including the source of the library .c/.h and compile them together with the application The first approach seems simpler, because I won't care about managing all specific settings of the library I want to include but how can I create the library both for iPhone and iPad and allow xcode to use the right library upon linking? The second approach seems more complex since xcode will take care about compiling my application and the library (with different settings I suppose) then how should I go? I can easily add sources of the lib but I'll have to include the make scripts to allow xcode use them to build in the right way. Any suggestions about how to proceed? The library I'm trying to include is libssh. (I know that this library, of course, has already been compiled and tried succesfully on iPhone) Thanks in advance.

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• Static pages for large photo album

  - by Phil P

  I'm looking for advice on software for managing a largish photo album for a website. 2000+ pictures, one-time drop (probably). I normally use MarginalHack's album, which does what I want: pre-generate thumbnails and HTML for the pictures, so I can serve without needing a dynamic run-time, so there's less attack surface to worry about. However, it doesn't handle pagination or the like, so it's unwieldy for this case. This is a one-time drop for pictures from a wedding, with a shared usercode/password for distribution to the guests; I don't wish to put the pictures in a third-party hosting environment. I don't wish to use PHP, simply because that's another run-time to worry about, I might relent and use something dynamic if it's Python or Perl based (as I can maintain things written in those). I currently have: Apache serving static files, Album-generated, some sub-directories to divide up the content to be a little more manageable. Something like Album but with pagination already handled would be great, but I'm willing to have something a little more dynamic, if it lets people comment or caption and store the extra data in something like an sqlite DB. I'd want something light-weight, not a full-blown CMS with security updates every three months. I don't want to upload pictures of other peoples' children into a third-party free service where I don't know what the revenue model is. (For my site: revenue is none, costs out of pocket). Existing server hosting is *nix, Apache, some WSGI. Client-side I have MacOS. Any advice?

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• Which static electricity prevention tools do actually work?

  - by Boris_yo

  I need a device that would discharge static electricity from my body in order to safely work with electronics. I have looked and found some that interested me, but I don't know whether they work: Anti-Static Wrist Strap Anti-Static Release Discharger Keychain Anti-Dissipative Wrist Strap Anti-Static Rubber Finger Stalls Which of above mentioned actually do something? Do I also need and anti-static screw box? It has holes that screws get put in. Will I need magnetic screwdriver to pull screws out?

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• About shared (static) Members and its behavior

  - by Allende

  I just realized that I can access shared members from instances of classes (probably this is not correct, but compile and run), and also learn/discover that, I can modify shared members, then create a new instance and access the new value of the shared member. My question is, what happens to the shared members, when it comes back to the "default" value (class declaration), how dangerous is it do this ? is it totally bad ? is it valid in some cases ?. If you want to test my point here is the code (console project vb.net) that I used to test shared members, as you can see/compile/run, the shared member "x" of the class "Hello" has default value string "Default", but at runtime it changes it, and after creating a new object of that class, this object has the new value of the shared member. Module Module1 Public Class hello Public Shared x As String = "Default" Public Sub New() End Sub End Class Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) obj.x = "Default shared memeber, modified in object" Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) hello.x = "Defaul shared member, modified in class" Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj2 As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj2.x=" & obj2.x) Console.ReadLine() End Sub End Module UPDATE: First at all, thanks to everyone, each answer give feedback, I suppose, by respect I should choose one as "the answer", I don't want to be offensive to anyone, so please don't take it so bad if I didn't choose you answer.

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• Static Vs Non-Static Method Performance C#

  - by dotnetguts

  Hello All, I have few global methods declared in public class in my asp.net web application. I have habbit of declaring all global methods in public class in following format public static string MethodName(parameters) { } I want to know how it would impact on performance point of view? 1) Which one is Better? Static Method or Non-Static Method? 2) Reason why it is better? Following link shows Non-Static methods are good because, static methods are using locks to be Thread-safe. The always do internally a Monitor.Enter() and Monitor.exit() to ensure Thread-safety. http://bytes.com/topic/c-sharp/answers/231701-static-vs-non-static-function-performance And Following link shows Static Methods are good static methods are normally faster to invoke on the call stack than instance methods. There are several reasons for this in the C# programming language. Instance methods actually use the 'this' instance pointer as the first parameter, so an instance method will always have that overhead. Instance methods are also implemented with the callvirt instruction in the intermediate language, which imposes a slight overhead. Please note that changing your methods to static methods is unlikely to help much on ambitious performance goals, but it can help a tiny bit and possibly lead to further reductions. http://dotnetperls.com/static-method I am little confuse which one to use? Thanks

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• Persistent static route stops working after VPN drops and reconnects

  - by user76157

  I've got a VPN between two networks, one home and one office (A and B). Their subnets are: (A) 192.168.1.0 and (B) 192.168.0.0 The two networks have identical ADSL routers. Unfortunately these can only do dial-out VPN. So I've got a Windows 2008 server on Network B acting as a VPN server (ServerB). Network A's router (RouterA) passes through Network B's router and connects via PPTP to ServerB. RouterA is assigned the static IP 192.168.0.40 on Network B. There's a persistent static route on ServerB telling it to use 0.40 for all requests to Network A's subnet, 192.168.1.0. (route -p add 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.40). This enables ServerB to ping all machines on A (and those machines to ping ServerB). The VPN connection occasionally drops (I'm not sure why - it's set to remain always on and seems to drop randomly). This wouldn't be too much of a problem, as it reconnects automatically and quickly, except that when it does reconnect, the static route on ServerB no longer works. Route print (on ServerB) shows that the persistent static route still exists. However a tracert to a machine on Network A doesn't use the static route; it tries instead to use ServerB's default gateway (which is RouterB), and fails to find the machine. Deleting and re-adding the static route fixes the problem - a tracert uses the static route. At the moment, a batch file to delete and re-add the static route is scheduled to run every day. But this is clearly far from an ideal solution! I hope that's not too confusing. Any help would be very much appreciated.

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• Static noise in headphones

  - by John Murdoch

  I have a Asus P6T based system. I was using the on-board sound (plugging in Logitech X-230 2.1 analog speakers in the green "front speakers" 3.5mm analog output, then plugging in my headphones in that). I was quite happy with the sound quality (didn't hear any static noise if volume was turned down to my normal listening level). Then about a week ago I started having terrible static noise from the left channel, and no normal audio on that left channel. Right channel had more static noise than usual but did have a bit of sound. I tried using the AC'97 in front of my case but that seemed to have no signal. I decided my on-board sound card has gone bad and bought an internal sound card to replace it (Startech 7.1Ch PCI). This fixed the "no sound from left channel problem", but I had much more audible static noise. I decided the card was low quality and/or it had interference from all the other things happening inside the computer case, and bought a Sweex SC016 external USB sound card. But even with that I have static noise in headphones. Positioning the USB sound card differently doesn't seem to help. Trying the other analog outputs (e.g., surround) doesn't help. The static noise in all cases is proportional to the volume. I have tried different headphones, but the situation is situation though perhaps the flavour of the static noise changes slightly. So what are my options? a) Get another, more expensive, external USB sound card hoping the quality will improve? b) Get another, more expensive, internal sound card (PCIe 1x perhaps) hoping the quality will improve? c) Get a dedicated DAC box? d) Get some Hi-Fi earphones? Suggestions? tl;dr - Two different sound cards both still have static noise in headphones.

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• Is static universally "evil" for unit testing and if so why does resharper recommend it?

  - by Vaccano

  I have found that there are only 3 ways to unit test (mock/stub) dependencies that are static in C#.NET: Moles TypeMock JustMock Given that two of these are not free and one has not hit release 1.0, mocking static stuff is not too easy. Does that make static methods and such "evil" (in the unit testing sense)? And if so, why does resharper want me to make anything that can be static, static? (Assuming resharper is not also "evil".) Clarification: I am talking about the scenario when you want to unit test a method and that method calls a static method in a different unit/class. By most definitions of unit testing, if you just let the method under test call the static method in the other unit/class then you are not unit testing, you are integration testing. (Useful, but not a unit test.)

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• Write to static field - is FindBugs wrong in this case?

  - by htorque

  I have a Java class like this: public class Foo { public static int counter = 0; public void bar(int counter) { Foo.counter = counter; } } FindBugs warns me about writing to the static field counter via the instance method bar. However, if I change the code to: public class Foo { public static int counter = 0; public static void setCounter(int counter) { Foo.counter = counter; } public void bar(int counter) { setCounter(counter); } } Then FindBugs won't complain. Isn't that wrong? I'm still writing to a static field from an instance method, just via a static method - no?

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• Static IP settings on Windows 2003 server not getting saved

  - by Prashant Mandhare

  We have a Dell PowerEgde 1950 server with Broadcom NetXtreme gigabit ethernet card, and we are facing a strange problem with static IP assignment. When we assign a static IP to this broadcom NIC, settings are not getting saved. Following are the steps to reproduce problem open TCP/IP properties window for broadcom NIC manually enter static IP address and other details like gateway, DNS, etc. apply and close properties dialog. re-open TCP/IP properties windows, you will see your static IP settings lost and changed to "obtain IP address manually" but when checked using ipconfig command, you will still see your same static IP settings but, when checked using ipconfig command after rebooting server, these static ip settings are completely gone and automatically obtained IP is assigned Supplementary information: Recently we had formatted this server and installed windows 2003 from OEM windows setup CD (not from OS installation CD received from Dell). After windows installation was over, broadcom NIC drivers were installed.

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• How to transition to Comcast with static IP address

  - by steveha

  I have my own email server in my house, on a static IP address. I have had business DSL for over a decade, but I also now have Comcast business Internet. I want to transition from the DSL to the Comcast, and I have some questions. I have a domain name, my own mail server, and a firewall (a PC with two network interfaces, running Devil-Linux). I need to make sure I understand how to set up the Comcast cable box, and how to set up my firewall. First, do I need to change any settings in the cable box? Currently I have only used the cable box by plugging in a laptop, with the laptop doing DHCP. I think I can leave the box alone but I would like to make sure. Second, I'm not sure I understand the instructions Comcast gave me for setting up the firewall. My DSL provider gave me the following information: static IP address, net mask, gateway, and two DNS servers. Comcast gave me: static IP address, routable static IP address, net mask, and two DNS servers, and told me to put the "static IP address" as the "gateway" on the firewall. Is this just Comcast-speak here? Does "routable static IP address" mean the same thing as "static IP address" in my DSL setup, the end-point address that I should publish in the DNS MX records for my email server? Or should I publish the "static IP address", and Comcast will then route all its traffic over the cable box? My plan is: first, I'm going to configure another firewall, so I have one firewall for the DSL and one for the Comcast (rather than madly editing settings to switch back and forth). Then I will publish the new Comcast static IP address as a backup email server address in the DNS MX records, wait a while to let it propagate, and then switch my home over from the DSL to the Comcast. Then I'll change DNS to make that the primary mail address and the DSL the secondary, let that go a while and make sure it seems reliable. Then I'll remove the DSL from the DNS MX records completely, and finally shut down the DSL service. (I thought about keeping the DSL as a backup, but the reason I'm leaving DSL is that it has become unreliable; and I have heard that Comcast business Internet is reliable.) Final question, any advice for me? Anything you think might be useful, helpful, or educational. Thanks.

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• How to transition to Comcast with static IP address [migrated]

  - by steveha

  I have my own email server in my house, on a static IP address. I have had business DSL for over a decade, but I also now have Comcast business Internet. I want to transition from the DSL to the Comcast, and I have some questions. I have a domain name, my own mail server, and a firewall (a PC with two network interfaces, running Devil-Linux). I need to make sure I understand how to set up the Comcast cable box, and how to set up my firewall. First, do I need to change any settings in the cable box? Currently I have only used the cable box by plugging in a laptop, with the laptop doing DHCP. I think I can leave the box alone but I would like to make sure. Second, I'm not sure I understand the instructions Comcast gave me for setting up the firewall. My DSL provider gave me the following information: static IP address, net mask, gateway, and two DNS servers. Comcast gave me: static IP address, routable static IP address, net mask, and two DNS servers, and told me to put the "static IP address" as the "gateway" on the firewall. Is this just Comcast-speak here? Does "routable static IP address" mean the same thing as "static IP address" in my DSL setup, the end-point address that I should publish in the DNS MX records for my email server? Or should I publish the "static IP address", and Comcast will then route all its traffic over the cable box? My plan is: first, I'm going to configure another firewall, so I have one firewall for the DSL and one for the Comcast (rather than madly editing settings to switch back and forth). Then I will publish the new Comcast static IP address as a backup email server address in the DNS MX records, wait a while to let it propagate, and then switch my home over from the DSL to the Comcast. Then I'll change DNS to make that the primary mail address and the DSL the secondary, let that go a while and make sure it seems reliable. Then I'll remove the DSL from the DNS MX records completely, and finally shut down the DSL service. (I thought about keeping the DSL as a backup, but the reason I'm leaving DSL is that it has become unreliable; and I have heard that Comcast business Internet is reliable.) Final question, any advice for me? Anything you think might be useful, helpful, or educational. Thanks.

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• Draytek Vigor 2820 static IP's

  - by dannymcc

  I have a Draytek Vigor 2820 router which is connected to our ADSL provider (British Telecom, BT). We currently have one static IP address which is accessible from anywhere outside of our network and points at a simple web server on port 80. We have just been given 5 more static IP addresses which I would like to point at five servers that have static IP's. As an example: Current static IP - 80.123.123.123 New Static IP's - 100.100.100.100-105 Server IP's - 192.168.1.129-133 I have confused myself completely between NAT addresses, static routes and WAN IP aliases. If anyone can give me a clear idea of what I need to do it would be greatly appreciated.

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• Creating a seperate static content site for IIS7 and MVC

  - by JK01

  With reference to this serverfault blog post: A Few Speed Improvements where it talks about how static content for stackexchange is served from a separate cookieless domain... How would someone go about doing this on IIS7.5 for a ASP.NET MVC site? The plan so far: Register domain eg static.com, create a new website in IIS Manually copy the js / css / images folders from MVC as is so that they have the same paths on the new server Enable IIS gzip settings (js/css = high compression, images = none) Set caching with far future expiry dates <clientCache cacheControlCustom="public" /> in the web.config Never set any cookies on the static.com site Combine and minimize js / css Auto deploy changes in static content with WebDeploy Is this plan correct? And how can you use WebDeploy to deploy the whole web app to one server and then only the static items to another? I can see there is a similar question, but for apache: Creating a cookie-free domain to serve static content so it doesn't apply

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• Static classes and/or singletons -- How many does it take to become a code smell?

  - by Earlz

  In my projects I use quite a lot of static classes. These are usually classes that naturally seem to fit into a single-instance type of thing. Many times I use static classes and recently I've started using some singletons. How many of these does it take to become a code smell? For instance, in my recent project which has a lot of static classes is an Authentication library for ASP.Net. I use a static class for a helper class that fixes ASP.Net error codes so it can be used like CustomErrorsFixer.Fix(Context); Or my authentication class itself is a static class //in global.asax's begin_application Authentication.SomeState="blah"; Authentication.SomeOption=true; //etc //in global.asax's begin_request Authentication.Authenticate(); When are static or singleton classes bad to use? Am I doing it wrong, or am I just in a project that by definition has very little per-instance state associated with it? The only per-instance state I have is stored in HttpContext.Current.Items like so: /// <summary> /// The current user logged in for the HTTP request. If there is not a user logged in, this will be null. /// </summary> public static UserData CurrentUser{ get{ return HttpContext.Current.Items["fscauth_currentuser"] as UserData; //use HttpContext.Current as a little place to persist static data for this request } private set{ HttpContext.Current.Items["fscauth_currentuser"]=value; } }

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• Test a site with a static subdomain locally

  - by bcmcfc

  How can I test a site that uses one or more static domains for serving images locally? e.g. domain.tld with images servered from static.domain.tld Local working copy of the site on WAMP checked out from SVN: URLs will be pointing at static.domain.tld rather than static.domain.local

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• Why is there no facility to overload static properties in PHP?

  - by Jon

  Intro PHP allows you to overload method calls and property accesses by declaring magic methods in classes. This enables code such as: class Foo { public function __get($name) { return 42; } } $foo = new Foo; echo $foo->missingProperty; // prints "42" Apart from overloading instance properties and methods, since PHP 5.3.0 we can also overload static methods calls by overriding the magic method __callStatic. Something missing What is conspicuously missing from the available functionality is the ability to overload static properties, for example: echo Foo::$missingProperty; // fatal error: access to undeclared static property This limitation is clearly documented: Property overloading only works in object context. These magic methods will not be triggered in static context. Therefore these methods should not be declared static. As of PHP 5.3.0, a warning is issued if one of the magic overloading methods is declared static. But why? My questions are: Is there a technical reason that this functionality is not currently supported? Or perhaps a (shudder) political reason? Have there been any aborted attempts to add this functionality in the past? Most importantly, the question is not "how can I have dynamic static properties in userland PHP?". That said, if you know of an especially cute implementation based on __callStatic that you want to share then by all means do so.

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• Static DataTable or DataSet in a class - bad idea?

  - by Superbest

  I have several instances of a class. Each instance stores data in a common database. So, I thought "I'll make the DataTable table field static, that way every instance can just add/modify rows to its own table field, but all the data will actually be in one place!" However, apparently it's a bad idea to do use static fields, especially if it's databases: Don't Use "Static" in C#? Is this a bad idea? Will I run into problems later on if I use it? This is a small project so I can accept no testing as a compromise if that is the only drawback. The benefit of using a static database is that there can be many objects of type MyClass, but only one table they all talk to, so a static field seems to be an implementation of exactly this, while keeping syntax concise. I don't see why I shouldn't use a static field (although I wouldn't really know) but if I had to, the best alternative I can think of is creating one DataTable, and passing a reference to it when creating each instance of MyClass, perhaps as a constructor parameter. But is this really an improvement? It seems less intuitive than a static field.

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• Serving static content with Struts2: Tomcat error 404

  - by Nicolas Raoul

  With Struts2 I can't find a way to serve a static CSS :-/ Newbie question but I could not find any answer on the Internet: The CSS file is static/styles.css in my WAR file. Tomcat replies with 404 when I request http://server/myapp/static/styles.css But it works if I put styles.css at the root of the WAR and request http://server/myapp/styles.css I tried adding the following to my struts.xml in the only package but still 404: <action name="/static/*"> <result>/static/{1}</result> </action> Or as a second package: <package name="static" extends="struts-default" namespace="/static"> <action name="/static/*"> <result>/static/{1}</result> </action> </package>

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