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cannot get apache2 redirect working for a site

- by benson

what i want to do is to redirect all visitors going to example.com to www.example.com.it seems a very common task but for some reason it is not working for this specific site .it always points to the default one. And strangely, if i replace the domain with another one(yyyyy.com and www.yyyyy.com), it works all right.i check my DNS,and it's resolved to the right IP. here's my virtual host configure: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html/example.com Servername www.example.com <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/html/example.com> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost > <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost Servername example.com Redirect 301 / http://www.example.com </VirtualHost>

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RHEL5: Can't create sparse file bigger than 256GB in tmpfs

- by John Kugelman

/var/log/lastlog gets written to when you log in. The size of this file is based off of the largest UID in the system. The larger the maximum UID, the larger this file is. Thankfully it's a sparse file so the size on disk is much smaller than the size ls reports (ls -s reports the size on disk). On our system we're authenticating against an Active Directory server, and the UIDs users are assigned end up being really, really large. Like, say, UID 900,000,000 for the first AD user, 900,000,001 for the second, etc. That's strange but should be okay. It results in /var/log/lastlog being huuuuuge, though--once an AD user logs in lastlog shows up as 280GB. Its real size is still small, thankfully. This works fine when /var/log/lastlog is stored on the hard drive on an ext3 filesystem. It breaks, however, if lastlog is stored in a tmpfs filesystem. Then it appears that the max file size for any file on the tmpfs is 256GB, so the sessreg program errors out trying to write to lastlog. Where is this 256GB limit coming from, and how can I increase it? As a simple test for creating large sparse files I've been doing: dd if=/dev/zero of=sparse-file bs=1 count=1 seek=300GB I've tried Googling for "tmpfs max file size", "256GB filesystem limit", "linux max file size", things like that. I haven't been able to find much. The only mention of 256GB I can find is that ext3 filesystems with 2KB blocks are limited to 256GB files. But our hard drives are formatted with 4K blocks so that doesn't seem to be it--not to mention this is happening in a tmpfs mounted ON TOP of the hard drive so the ext3 partition shouldn't be a factor. This is all happening on a 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 system. Interestingly, on my personal development machine, which is a 32-bit Fedora Core 6 box, I can create 300GB+ files in tmpfs filesystems no problem. On the RHEL5.4 systems it is no go.

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How can we protect the namespace of an object in Javascript?

- by Eduard Florinescu

Continuing from my previous question: Javascript simple code to understand prototype-based OOP basics Let's say we run into console this two separate objects(even if they are called child and parent there is no inheritance between them): var parent = { name: "parent", print: function(){ console.log("Hello, "+this.name); } }; var child = { name: "child", print: function(){ console.log("Hi, "+this.name); } }; parent.print() // This will print: Hello, parent child.print() // This will print: Hi, child temp =parent; parent = child; child = temp; parent.print() // This will now print: Hi, child child.print() // This will now print: Hello, parent Now suppose that parent is a library, as a HTML5 application in a browser this cannot do much harm because is practically running sandboxed, but now with the advent of the ChromeOS, FirefoxOS and other [Browser] OS they will also be linked to a native API, that would be a head out of the „sandbox”. Now if someone changes the namespace it would be harder for a code reviewer (either automated or not ) to spot an incorrect use if the namespaces changes. My question would be: Are there many ways in which the above situation can be done and what can be done to protect this namespaces? (Either in the javascript itself or by some static code analysis tool)

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rewrite all .html extension and remove index in Nginx

- by Pardoner

How would I remove all .html extensions as well as any occurrences of index.html from a url string in Nginx http://www.mysite/index.html to http://www.mysite http://www.mysite/articles/index.html to http://www.mysite/articles http://www.mysite/contact.html to http://www.mysite/contact http://www.mysite/foo/bar/index.html to http://www.mysite/foo/bar EDIT: Here is my conf file: server { listen 80; server_name staging.mysite.com; root /var/www/staging.mysite.com; index index.html index.htm; access_log /var/log/nginx/staging.mysite.com.log spiegle; #error_page 404 /404.html; #error_page 500 503 /500.html; rewrite ^(.*/)index\.html$ $1; rewrite ^(/.+)\.html$ $1; rewrite ^(.*/)index\.html$ $scheme://$host$1 permanent; rewrite ^(/.+)\.html$ $scheme://$host$1 permanent; location / { rewrite ^/about-us /about permanent rewrite ^/contact-us /contact permanent; try_files $uri.html $uri/ /index.html; } }

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Starting/Stopping Custom PHP Chat Server Linux Service (CentOS)

- by chad

I have been trying all night to get this service working properly. I created this script from a template and am very new to bash coding. I wrote a fully functioning chat server in php which runs endlessly, but now want to make it a dedicated service. I want to do this so that it starts on server boot and boots back up if possible when there are any down-times with the server. The issue is that I need this thing to run in a detached screen so that I can monitor packet data or send server commands via SSH when need-be. The main problem that i'm having is that it needs to have its own PID when it starts so that I can stop/restart it when needed. I am the type who grinds on coding until I figure it out, but this is so new to me that it seems the learning curve here is very steep and frustrating. Below is my code if anybody can please help me with this one, i've gotten so tired I can't even concentrate any more :( #!/bin/sh # # chatserver # # chkconfig: 345 20 90 # description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon \ # for general server handling ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: chatserver # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6 # Short-Description: This service maintains the chatServer # Description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon # for general server handling ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions exec="screen php -q /var/www/html/chatServer.php" prog="chatserver" config="/etc/sysconfig/$prog" pidfile="/var/run/chatserver.pid" [ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/$prog start() { #$exec || exit 5 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $exec --name=$exec --pidfile=$pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $pidfile rm -f $pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { stop start } reload() { restart } force_reload() { restart } rh_status() { # run checks to determine if the service is running or use generic status status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 restart ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}" exit 2 esac exit $?

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How does this game loop actually work?

- by Nicolai

I read this playfulJS post, about ray-casting: http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ It looks really interested, so I decided to look at his javascript. I am no expert in javascript, so I quickly got lost. It's the game loop "object" that really gets me. I simply don't understand how it works. From the code: function GameLoop() { this.frame = this.frame.bind(this); this.lastTime = 0; this.callback = function() {}; } GameLoop.prototype.start = function(callback) { this.callback = callback; requestAnimationFrame(this.frame); }; GameLoop.prototype.frame = function(time) { var seconds = (time - this.lastTime) / 1000; this.lastTime = time; if (seconds < 0.2) this.callback(seconds); requestAnimationFrame(this.frame); }; var loop = new GameLoop(); loop.start(function frame(seconds) { map.update(seconds); player.update(controls.states, map, seconds); camera.render(player, map); }); Now, what really confuses me here, is this bind stuff and how this actually loops. I am guessing, that if less than 0.2 seconds have passed, since the last time the loop was run, it simply goes back to re-check the time. If more than 0.2 seconds have passed, it leaves the frame function, and executes the 3 lines in the loop. But, if this is true, then how does the loop.start() get called again? And what on earth is the meaning of this.frame = this.frame.bind(this);? I've looked up prototypes bind() but I really don't understand it.

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Restart mysql keeping the data

- by sitonico

Hi all, I'm quite new using mysql, so let me know if I'm missing something. I took some holidays, and when I got back to work and I tried to log in phpmyadmin I got a ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2). I never had this problem, so I was browsing to look for a solution. I tried some things, and I'm afraid I touched too much. I couldn't solve the problem, and the I realized that I had some actualizations to be done, and I thought that they may be helpful for mysql. Then I also realized that when I was doing this actualizations first day, they stopped because I had a lack of space, so I restarted then. Then,when the system was configuring mysql, it didn't advance. I waited for a long time and then I just stopped it and restarted the computer. After it, I just tried to uninstall mysql with sudo apt-get remove mysql-server-5.1, and install it again, but it didn't work. Now I have 2 questions: What do you think it is happening? Should I remove mysql completely? What should I do? I'm afraid of losing my databases, is there anyway to recover the data? Thank you very much in advance. -----------EDIT------- These are the messages: alfonso@alfonso-laptop:/$ tail -F /var/log/syslog | grep Feb 15 15:08:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql post-start process (15192) terminated with status Feb 15 15:08:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process (15263) terminated with status Feb 15 15:08:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process ended, Feb 15 15:08:31 alfonso-laptop init: mysql post-start process (15264) terminated with status Feb 15 15:08:31 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process (15358) terminated with status Feb 15 15:08:31 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process ended, Feb 15 15:09:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql post-start process (15359) terminated with status Feb 15 15:09:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process (15447) terminated with status Feb 15 15:09:01 alfonso-laptop init: mysql main process ended, Feb 15 15:09:32 alfonso-laptop init: mysql post-start process (15448) terminated with status 1 This is the content of error.log-old 110128 13:17:20 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Normal shutdown 110128 13:17:20 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events 110128 13:17:20 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 110128 13:17:22 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 590872 110128 13:17:22 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete 110214 2:08:18 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 110214 2:08:19 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 590872 110214 2:08:19 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 110214 2:08:19 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.1.41-3ubuntu12.8' socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 3306 (Ubuntu)

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When "W" is held, the character moves forward, but when "W" and "A" is held, movement completely stops

- by Vlad1k

I am making a 2D game, and when I hold the key "w", the player goes forward, but when I hold both "w" and "a", the movement stops completely, when I want it to go forward, while shifting to the left. Here is my script: var speed = 4; function Update() { // Make the character walk forward if "w" is being held if(Input.GetKey("w")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * speed; } // Stop the movement if "w" is not being held if(Input.GetKeyUp("w")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * 0; } // Make the character walk forward if "s" is being held if(Input.GetKey("s")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * -speed; } // Stop the movement if "s" is not being held if(Input.GetKeyUp("s")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * 0; } // Make the character walk left if "a" is being held if(Input.GetKey("a")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * -speed; } // Stop the movement if "a" is not being held if(Input.GetKeyUp("a")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * 0; } //Make the character walk right if "d" is being held if(Input.GetKey("d")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * speed; } // Stop the movement if "d" is not being held if(Input.GetKeyUp("d")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * 0; } } PLEASE MAKE THE CODE BETTER! I AM NEW! EDIT: Here is a video to show my problem. http://www.screenr.com/3oxH Here is the newest code: var speed = 4f; function Update() { if(Input.GetKey("w")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * speed; } else if(Input.GetKey("s")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * -speed; } else if(Input.GetKey("a")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * -speed; } else if(Input.GetKey("d")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * speed; } if(Input.GetKeyUp("w")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * 0; } if(Input.GetKeyUp("s")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * 0; } if(Input.GetKeyUp("a")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * 0; } if(Input.GetKey("d")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * speed; } if(Input.GetKeyUp("d")) { rigidbody.velocity = transform.right * 0; } }

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Mod Puts Mac OS 7 On the Nook Touch

- by Jason Fitzpatrick

Thanks to a mac-hardware emulator for Android, it’s now possible to run Mac OS 7 on the Nook Touch (or other Android-based tablet). If you’ve been looking for some retro-goodness to dump on your Nook or tablet–Oregon Trail anyone?–this simple hack will certainly help. Hit up the link below for additional screenshots and more information. Mini vMac for Android Development Thread [via MikeCanex] HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me? HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux

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First Look - Oracle Data Mining

- by kimberly.billings

In his blog, JT on EDM, James Taylor shares his analysis of Oracle Data Mining, including its new GUI and Exadata integration. While Oracle Data Mining has been available for a while, it is now easier to access and try via the Amazon Cloud. Using the Oracle 11gR2 Data Mining Amazon Machine Image (AMI), you can launch an Oracle Data Mining-enabled instance directly through Amazon Web Services (AWS) and connect to it using the Oracle Data Miner graphical user interface. The new Oracle Data Mining GUI, which will be available to beta customers soon, provides more graphics, the ability to define, save and share analytical "work flows" to solve business problems, and provides more automation and simplicity. Taylor comments that, "the UI looks to have a nice look and feel including graphical model development flows, easy access to the data, nice little micro graphs when browsing data records and more." On using Oracle Data Mining with Exadata, Taylor writes, "Oracle says that the use of the ODM routines in the Exadata kernel is faster than running a native ODM model in the database by a factor of 2 and that this increases as more joins are used. This could mean that ODM outperforms even third party in-database analytics." Taylor concludes his blog with a positive overall review, stating that "ODM is a nice product for Oracle database customers and well worth looking into. The new UI will only make it more so." Read the blog. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-13185312-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}

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Performance Overhead of Encrypted /home

- by SabreWolfy

I have a netbook with Windows on the second partition and Xubuntu (/ and /home) on the third partition. I selected to encrypt my home folder during installation. The performance of the netbook is adequate for the small machine that it is, but I'm looking to improve performance. I could not find much information about the overhead (CPU or drive) associated with home partition encryption. I ran the following, writing to my home partition as well as the the mounted Windows partition: dd if=/dev/zero of=~/dummy bs=512 count=10240 dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/Windows/dummy bs=512 count=10240 The first returned 2.4MB/s and the second returned 2.5MB/s. Can I therefore deduce that there is very little overhead to home folder encryption? I'm not sure if the different filesystems will make any difference (/ and /home are ext3). Update 1 I don't know why I didn't use /tmp instead of the mounted Windows folder. Only /home is encrypted, so /tmp is unencrypted ext3. The results of the dd as above are astounding: ~: 2.4 MB/s /tmp: 42.6 MB/s Comments please? The reason I am asking this is that disk access on the netbook is noticeably slow. Update 2 I timed each of the dd operations with time: ~: real 0m2.217s user 0m0.028s sys 0m2.176s /tmp: real 0m0.152s user 0m0.012s sys 0m0.136s See also: discussion on UbuntuForums.org and bug report Edit: Output of mount: /dev/sda3 on / type ext3 (rw,noatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,commit=600) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/USER/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=USER) `

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nginx regex locations w/ different roots not working as expected

- by Wells Oliver

I have the following two rules: location / { root /var/www/default; } location ~* /myapp(.*)$ { root /home/me/myapp/www; try_files $uri $uri/ /handle.php?url=$uri&$args; } When I browse to myapp/foo it works- kind of, the error is logged as a 404: *3 open() "/var/www/default/handle.php" failed (2: No such file or directory) - so its handling the regex match but just not using the right document root-- why is this? For the record, I am trying to get /myapp/* requests handled by the second location, and everything else the first.

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Types of quotes for an HTML templating language

- by Ralph

I'm developing a templating language, and now I'm trying to decide on what I should do with quotes. I'm thinking about having 3 different types of quotes which are all handled differently: backtick ` double quote " single quote ' expand variables ? yes no escape sequences no yes ? escape html no yes yes Backticks Backticks are meant to be used for outputting JavaScript or unescaped HTML. It's often handy to be able to pass variables into JS, but it could also cause issues with things being treated as variables that shouldn't. My variables are PHP-style ($var) so I'm thinking that might mess with jQuery pretty bad... but if I disable variable expansion w/ backticks then, I'm not sure how would insert a variable into a JS code block? Single Quotes Not sure if escape sequences like \n should be treated as literals or converted. I find it pretty rare that I want to disable escape sequences, but if you do, you could use backticks. So I'm leaning towards "yes" for this one, but that would be contrary to how PHP does it. Double Quotes Pretty certain I want everything enabled for this one. Modifiers I'm also thinking about adding modifiers like @ or r in front of the string that would change some of these options to enable a few more combinations. I would need 9 different quotes or 3 quotes and 2 modifiers to get every combination wouldn't I? My language also supports "filters" which can be applied against any "term" (number, variable, string) so you could always write something like "blah blah $var blah"|expandvars Or "my string"|escapehtml Thoughts? What would you prefer? What would be least confusing/most intuitive?

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ASP.NET MVC: Moving code from controller action to service layer

- by DigiMortal

I fixed one controller action in my application that doesn’t seemed good enough for me. It wasn’t big move I did but worth to show to beginners how nice code you can write when using correct layering in your application. As an example I use code from my posting ASP.NET MVC: How to implement invitation codes support. Problematic controller action Although my controller action works well I don’t like how it looks. It is too much for controller action in my opinion. [HttpPost] public ActionResult GetAccess(string accessCode) { if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessCode.Trim())) { ModelState.AddModelError("accessCode", "Insert invitation code!"); return View(); } Guid accessGuid; try { accessGuid = Guid.Parse(accessCode); } catch { ModelState.AddModelError("accessCode", "Incorrect format of invitation code!"); return View(); } using(var ctx = new EventsEntities()) { var user = ctx.GetNewUserByAccessCode(accessGuid); if(user == null) { ModelState.AddModelError("accessCode", "Cannot find account with given invitation code!"); return View(); } user.UserToken = User.Identity.GetUserToken(); ctx.SaveChanges(); } Session["UserId"] = accessGuid; return Redirect("~/admin"); } Looking at this code my first idea is that all this access code stuff must be located somewhere else. We have working functionality in wrong place and we should do something about it. Service layer I add layers to my application very carefully because I don’t like to use hand grenade to kill a fly. When I see real need for some layer and it doesn’t add too much complexity I will add new layer. Right now it is good time to add service layer to my small application. After that it is time to move code to service layer and inject service class to controller. public interface IUserService { bool ClaimAccessCode(string accessCode, string userToken, out string errorMessage); // Other methods of user service } I need this interface when writing unit tests because I need fake service that doesn’t communicate with database and other external sources. public class UserService : IUserService { private readonly IDataContext _context; public UserService(IDataContext context) { _context = context; } public bool ClaimAccessCode(string accessCode, string userToken, out string errorMessage) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessCode.Trim())) { errorMessage = "Insert invitation code!"; return false; } Guid accessGuid; if (!Guid.TryParse(accessCode, out accessGuid)) { errorMessage = "Incorrect format of invitation code!"; return false; } var user = _context.GetNewUserByAccessCode(accessGuid); if (user == null) { errorMessage = "Cannot find account with given invitation code!"; return false; } user.UserToken = userToken; _context.SaveChanges(); errorMessage = string.Empty; return true; } } Right now I used simple solution for errors and made access code claiming method to follow usual TrySomething() methods pattern. This way I can keep error messages and their retrieval away from controller and in controller I just mediate error message from service to view. Controller Now all the code is moved to service layer and we need also some modifications to controller code so it makes use of users service. I don’t show here DI/IoC details about how to give service instance to controller. GetAccess() action of controller looks like this right now. [HttpPost] public ActionResult GetAccess(string accessCode) { var userToken = User.Identity.GetUserToken(); string errorMessage; if (!_userService.ClaimAccessCode(accessCode, userToken, out errorMessage)) { ModelState.AddModelError("accessCode", errorMessage); return View(); } Session["UserId"] = Guid.Parse(accessCode); return Redirect("~/admin"); } It’s short and nice now and it deals with web site part of access code claiming. In the case of error user is shown access code claiming view with error message that ClaimAccessCode() method returns as output parameter. If everything goes fine then access code is reserved for current user and user is authenticated. Conclusion When controller action grows big you have to move code to layers it actually belongs. In this posting I showed you how I moved access code claiming functionality from controller action to user service class that belongs to service layer of my application. As the result I have controller action that coordinates the user interaction when going through access code claiming process. Controller communicates with service layer and gets information about how access code claiming succeeded.

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Plesk file permissions - Apache/PHP conflicting with user accounts.

- by hfidgen

Hiya, I'm building a Drupal site which performs various automatic disk operations using the apache user (id=40). The problem is that the site was set up on a subdomain belonging to user ID 10001 (ie my main FTP account) so the filesystem belongs to that user ID. So I keep getting errors like this: warning: move_uploaded_file() [function.move-uploaded-file]: SAFE MODE Restriction in effect. The script whose uid is 10001 is not allowed to access /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdocs/sites/default/files/images/user owned by uid 48 in /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdocs/includes/file.inc on line 579. I've tried changing the apache group in httpd.conf to apache:psacln, psacln being the default group for all web users but that's not helped. The situation now is: ..../files/images/ = 777 and chown = ftplogin:psacln ..../files/images/user = 775 and chown = apache:psacln ..../files/tmp = 777 and chown = ftplogin:psacln So apparently uid 40 and 10001 both have permissions to write to any of the 3 directories involved, but still can't. Am i missing something here? Can anyone help? Thanks!

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How can I free up disk space in my Ubuntu Hardy Heron install?

- by rvs

I'd like to make some room on /dev/sda1 without necessarily having to remove a whole bunch of applications (I've already gone through and deleted all frivolous apps). This is the state of /dev/sda1 currently: Dir: / Type: ext3 Total: 9.4GiB Free: 488.6MiB Available: 0bytes Used: 8.9GiB EDIT added du output from comments below: 769068 /var/lib/mysql 351208 /usr/lib 297060 /usr/local/bin/eclipse/plugins 184124 /usr/bin 175924 /usr/lib/openoffice/program 143940 /usr/local/bin/eclipsePHP/plugins 92520 /boot 81200 /opt/android-sdk-linux/add-ons/google_apis-6_r01/images 79964 /opt That's funny, because the tables in /var/lib/mysql are the reason that I ran out in the first place. But I need them, and room for many more possibly large db's.

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Redirect URL within Apache VirtualHost?

- by DisgruntledGoat

I have a dedicated server with Apache, on which I've set up some VirtualHosts. I've set up one to handle the www domain as well as the non-www domain. My VH .conf file for the www: <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot /var/www/site ServerName www.example.com <Directory "/var/www/site"> allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> With this .htaccess: RewriteEngine on RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.example.com [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301] Is there a simple way to redirect the www to the non-www version? Currently I'm sending both versions to the same DocumentRoot and using .htaccess but I'm sure I must be able to do it in the VirtualHost file.

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Cannot install extensions required for GNOME Shell themes

- by Soham Chowdhury

I keep getting this output: soham@fortress:~$ sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions gnome-tweak-tool Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done gnome-tweak-tool is already the newest version. The following NEW packages will be installed: gnome-shell-extensions 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 43 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/121 kB of archives. After this operation, 849 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 179291 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gnome-shell-extensions (from .../gnome-shell-extensions_3.4.1~git20120508.dfd7191a-0ubuntu1~12.04~ricotz0_all.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gnome-shell-extensions_3.4.1~git20120508.dfd7191a-0ubuntu1~12.04~ricotz0_all.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/share/locale/lv/LC_MESSAGES/gnome-shell-extensions.mo', which is also in package gnome-shell-extensions-common 3.2.0-0ubuntu1~oneiric1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gnome-shell-extensions_3.4.1~git20120508.dfd7191a-0ubuntu1~12.04~ricotz0_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Update: Fixed that. Now GNOME Tweak Tool shows me an exclamation mark beside the extension enable button, saying "Extension doesn't support shell version". My GNOME shell is already the latest version. Help!

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snmpd agent sends duplicate traps

- by jsnmp

I am on Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS, and I cannot upgrade to a higher version. I have installed the snmpd agent (NET-SNMP version 5.4.2.1) with an apt-get install snmpd command. When an event occurs which sends a trap, two traps are sent for each such event instead of one. For example, when I shut down the agent with command /etc/init.d/snmpd stop, two shutdown traps are sent to the destination host. If I then start back up the agent with command /etc/init.d/snmpd start, then two cold start traps are sent to the destination host. Is this a known issue? Is there a fix for this, or is there a configuration change that is needed to prevent the sending of the duplicate trap? These are the contents of the /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf file: rocommunity public authtrapenable 1 trap2sink <trap destination hostname> public These are the contents of the /etc/default/snmpd file: # This file controls the activity of snmpd and snmptrapd # MIB directories. /usr/share/snmp/mibs is the default, but # including it here avoids some strange problems. export MIBDIRS=/usr/share/snmp/mibs # snmpd control (yes means start daemon). SNMPDRUN=yes # snmpd options (use syslog, close stdin/out/err). SNMPDOPTS='-Ls3d -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -p /var/run/snmpd.pid -c /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf' # snmptrapd control (yes means start daemon). As of net-snmp version # 5.0, master agentx support must be enabled in snmpd before snmptrapd # can be run. See snmpd.conf(5) for how to do this. TRAPDRUN=no # snmptrapd options (use syslog). TRAPDOPTS='-Lsd -p /var/run/snmptrapd.pid' # create symlink on Debian legacy location to official RFC path SNMPDCOMPAT=yes

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Subversion problem, repo has moved

- by Rudiger

Hi, I've set up subversion on a CentOS fresh install. Web view works fine and gives no errors and requests password but when I try and access it through svn client (xcode) it gives the error 175011 (Repository has been moved). I've tried some of the solutions out there but no success. My subversion.conf: <Location /repos> DAV svn SVNParentPath /var/www/html/repos # Limit write permission to list of valid users. # Require SSL connection for password protection. SSLRequireSSL AuthType Basic AuthName "Authorization Realm" AuthUserFile /etc/svn-auth-conf Require valid-user </Location> My Apache DocumentRoot: /var/www/html I've only set up one svn repository so far so there shouldn't be any conflicts there. If you need any more info let me know. Thanks

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Software center is broken

- by Colin

When I started installing the Humble Indie Bundle 5 games the software center stopped working and now I get this error. Packages cannot be installed or removed, click here to repair. Which fails and gives these results. installArchives() failed: (Reading database ... (Reading database ... 5% (Reading database ... 10% (Reading database ... 15% (Reading database ... 20% (Reading database ... 25% (Reading database ... 30% (Reading database ... 35% (Reading database ... 40% (Reading database ... 45% (Reading database ... 50% (Reading database ... 55% (Reading database ... 60% (Reading database ... 65% (Reading database ... 70% (Reading database ... 75% (Reading database ... 80% (Reading database ... 85% (Reading database ... 90% (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 255502 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libqtcore4:i386 (from .../libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb (--unpack): conffile './etc/xdg/Trolltech.conf' is not in sync with other instances of the same package No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb Error in function: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqtgui4:i386: libqtgui4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqtgui4:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-sql:i386: libqt4-sql:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-sql:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ia32-libs-multiarch:i386: ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqt4-sql; however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqtcore4; however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqtgui4; however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-declarative:i386: libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-declarative:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-svg:i386: libqt4-svg:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-svg:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-svg:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-network:i386: libqt4-network:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-network:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-sql-mysql:i386: libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-script:i386: libqt4-script:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-script:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-dbus:i386: libqt4-dbus:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-dbus:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-opengl:i386: libqt4-opengl:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-opengl:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-opengl:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqtwebkit4:i386: libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqt4-network (>= 4:4.8.0~); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.8.0~); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (>= 4:4.8.0); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqtwebkit4:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-designer:i386: libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-script:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-designer:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of lonesurvivor-bin:i386: lonesurvivor-bin:i386 depends on ia32-libs-multiarch; however: Package ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing lonesurvivor-bin:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of lonesurvivor: lonesurvivor depends on lonesurvivor-bin (= 1.11d-0ubuntu5); however: Package lonesurvivor-bin is not installed. Package lonesurvivor-bin:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing lonesurvivor (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-scripttools:i386: libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-script:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-scripttools:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-qt3support:i386: libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-designer (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-designer:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-network (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-qt3support:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-xml:i386: libqt4-xml:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-xml:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-test:i386: libqt4-test:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-test:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386: libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 depends on libqt4-network (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured I couldn't get the apt-get update or upgrade to work either so I shut off the repositories and updated / upgraded one at a time without any problems. But that didn't fix the Software Center. Help would be greatly appreciated. ADDED UPDATE I've tried to install aptitude using dpkg but can't. I have also tried sudo apt-get dist-upgrade sudo apt-get autoremove sudo dpkg --configure -a --force-all and the -f options. Though I believe this is where my problem is originating: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libqtcore4:i386 The following NEW packages will be installed: libqtcore4:i386 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/2,061 kB of archives. After this operation, 9,041 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 255526 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libqtcore4:i386 (from .../libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb (--unpack): conffile './etc/xdg/Trolltech.conf' is not in sync with other instances of the same package Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I hope this helps narrow it down some. SECOND UPDATE sudo apt-get --reinstall install software-center -f The following packages have unmet dependencies: ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 but it is not going to be installed libqt4-dbus:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-declarative:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-designer:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-network:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-opengl:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-qt3support:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-script:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-scripttools:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-sql:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-svg:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-test:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-xml:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqtgui4:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqtwebkit4:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0~) but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). sudo apt-get -f install doesn't work either. Complete output of terminal for step 5 can be found here, http://paste.ubuntu.com/1066192/

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Optimizing hash lookup & memory performance in Go

- by Moishe

As an exercise, I'm implementing HashLife in Go. In brief, HashLife works by memoizing nodes in a quadtree so that once a given node's value in the future has been calculated, it can just be looked up instead of being re-calculated. So eg. if you have a node at the 8x8 level, you remember it by its four children (each at the 2x2 level). So next time you see an 8x8 node, when you calculate the next generation, you first check if you've already seen a node with those same four children. This is extended up through all levels of the quadtree, which gives you some pretty amazing optimizations if eg. you're 10 levels above the leaves. Unsurprisingly, it looks like the perfmance crux of this is the lookup of nodes by child-node values. Currently I have a hashmap of {&upper_left_node,&upper_right_node,&lower_left_node,&lower_right_node} -> node So my lookup function is this: func FindNode(ul, ur, ll, lr *Node) *Node { var node *Node var ok bool nc := NodeChildren{ul, ur, ll, lr} node, ok = NodeMap[nc] if ok { return node } node = &Node{ul, ur, ll, lr, 0, ul.Level + 1, nil} NodeMap[nc] = node return node } What I'm trying to figure out is if the "nc := NodeChildren..." line causes a memory allocation each time the function is called. If it does, can I/should I move the declaration to the global scope and just modify the values each time this function is called? Or is there a more efficient way to do this? Any advice/feedback would be welcome. (even coding style nits; this is literally the first thing I've written in Go so I'd love any feedback)

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ubuntu 8.04lts + rdiff-backup: Should I install from source instead of using apt repositories?

- by egarcia

I'm trying to use rdiff-backup in order to make backup copies of some folders inside an Ubuntu 8.04LTS server. I'm attempting to do the backup on another server with a more modern Ubuntu distro (9.10). I'll call this one the "client". rdiff-backup needs to be installed on both the client and the server. It is available on the apt repositories on both machines, so I installed it using sudo apt-get install rdiff-backup. The problem is that the version installed on the server is older than the one on the client (1.1.15 vs 1.2.8). Thus I get errors when I try do make them work together. So I need both versions to be the same. What is the standard procedure in these cases? Should I attempt to upgrade the version on the server, or downgrade the version on the client? And how whould I do that? In case it is useful, I'd like to point out that the rdiff-backup apt-package has some dependencies - librsync1 & python-support Attaching the errors I got in case they help: rdiff-backup egarcia@test::/var/rails/ohwr/backup /home/kikito/backup/files Warning: Local version 1.2.8 does not match remote version 1.1.15. Exception ' Warning Security Violation! Bad request for function: rpath.make_file_dict with arguments: ['/var/rails/ohwr/backup'] ' raised of class '<class 'rdiff_backup.Security.Violation'>': File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/Main.py", line 304, in error_check_Main try: Main(arglist) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/Main.py", line 321, in Main rps = map(SetConnections.cmdpair2rp, cmdpairs) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/SetConnections.py", line 78, in cmdpair2rp return rpath.RPath(conn, filename).normalize() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/rpath.py", line 884, in __init__ else: self.setdata() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/rpath.py", line 908, in setdata self.data = self.conn.rpath.make_file_dict(self.path) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/connection.py", line 450, in __call__ return apply(self.connection.reval, (self.name,) + args) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/connection.py", line 370, in reval if isinstance(result, Exception): raise result Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/rdiff-backup", line 30, in <module> rdiff_backup.Main.error_check_Main(sys.argv[1:]) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/Main.py", line 304, in error_check_Main try: Main(arglist) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/Main.py", line 321, in Main rps = map(SetConnections.cmdpair2rp, cmdpairs) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/SetConnections.py", line 78, in cmdpair2rp return rpath.RPath(conn, filename).normalize() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/rpath.py", line 884, in __init__ else: self.setdata() File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/rpath.py", line 908, in setdata self.data = self.conn.rpath.make_file_dict(self.path) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/connection.py", line 450, in __call__ return apply(self.connection.reval, (self.name,) + args) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/rdiff_backup/connection.py", line 370, in reval if isinstance(result, Exception): raise result rdiff_backup.Security.Violation: Warning Security Violation! Bad request for function: rpath.make_file_dict with arguments: ['/var/rails/ohwr/backup']

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df -h showing wrong output in GB

- by Anurag Uniyal

If I list df output for KB, MB and GB, they do not match e.g. $ df -k |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 12796048 732812 11413172 7% /xxx $ df -m |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 12497 716 11146 7% /xxx $ df -h |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 13G 716M 11G 7% /xxx 12796048 KB = 12496.14 MB so that is slight off but OK 12796048 KB = 12.2 GB, 12407 MB is also 12.2 GB so why df is showing 13 GB or am I missing something? Here is full df listing $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 7.5G 1.7G 5.5G 24% / none 5.8G 128K 5.8G 1% /dev none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /dev/shm none 5.8G 44K 5.8G 1% /var/run none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /var/lock none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/xvdb1 13G 716M 11G 6% /xxx Coreutils version seems to 7.4 as info coreutils shows This manual documents version 7.4 of the GNU core utilities,

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using sed to print next line after match

- by smokinguns

I came across various examples on printing next line after a match, that use awk and sed. I'm using it in my code and it works fine. Now I want to use a variable instead of a hardcoded value for the pattern match. The search pattern string includes forward slashes "/". How do I use a variable that has "/" in it and use it to print the next line after the match? The following doesn't seem to work: var="/somePath/to/my/home" val=`echo -e "$someStr" | sed -n ':$var:{n;p;}'` In this case, val is always blank. I'm using using ":" as the delimiter instead of "/". I'm on a Mac OS X.

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