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  • Multiple Key Presses in XNA?

    - by Bryan Harrington
    I'm actually trying to do something fairly simple. I cannot get multiple key presses to work in XNA. I've tried the following pieces of code. else if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down) && (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))) { //Move Character South-West } and I tried. else if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { //Move Character South-West } } Neither worked for me. Single presses work just fine. Any thoughts?

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  • I am looking for an graduation project idea for bacelor of computer engineering [closed]

    - by project idea
    I am interested in computer graphics and I have developed many hobby projects, mostly 2D and 3D games/scenes in directX and openGL, But for a grad project, proffesors wont allow games. I browsed many similar questions here and I am convinced project should be something I am really interested in as I will give considerable time to it. But apart from games I am not able to decide on the topic. I am also open to ideas on social apps and android.

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  • How do I draw a scene with 2 nested frames

    - by Guido Granobles
    I have been trying for long time to figure out this: I have loaded a model from a directx file (I am using opengl and Java) the model have a hierarchical system of nested reference frames (there are not bones). There are just 2 frames, one of them is called x3ds_Torso and it has a child frame called x3ds_Arm_01. Each one of them has a mesh. The thing is that I can't draw the arm connected to the body. Sometimes the body is in the center of the screen and the arm is at the top. Sometimes they are both in the center. I know that I have to multiply the matrix transformation of every frame by its parent frame starting from the top to the bottom and after that I have to multiply every vertex of every mesh by its final transformation matrix. So I have this: public void calculeFinalMatrixPosition(Bone boneParent, Bone bone) { System.out.println("-->" + bone.name); if (boneParent != null) { bone.matrixCombined = bone.matrixTransform.multiply(boneParent.matrixCombined); } else { bone.matrixCombined = bone.matrixTransform; } bone.matrixFinal = bone.matrixCombined; for (Bone childBone : bone.boneChilds) { calculeFinalMatrixPosition(bone, childBone); } } Then I have to multiply every vertex of the mesh: public void transformVertex(Bone bone) { for (Iterator<Mesh> iterator = meshes.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) { Mesh mesh = iterator.next(); if (mesh.boneName.equals(bone.name)) { float[] vertex = new float[4]; double[] newVertex = new double[3]; if (mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer == null) { mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer = new FloatDataBuffer( mesh.numVertices, 3); } mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.rewind(); while (mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.hasRemaining()) { vertex[0] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[1] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[2] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[3] = 1; newVertex = bone.matrixFinal.transpose().multiply(vertex); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[0])); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[1])); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[2])); } mesh.vertexBuffer = new FloatDataBuffer( mesh.numVertices, 3); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.rewind(); mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.put(mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer); } } for (Bone childBone : bone.boneChilds) { transformVertex(childBone); } } I know this is not the more efficient code but by now I just want to understand exactly how a hierarchical model is organized and how I can draw it on the screen. Thanks in advance for your help.

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  • Creating natural environments that can run on lower end computers in Unity3D/C#

    - by Timothy Williams
    So, I'm starting work on a project soon that will require me to create realistic environments that can preferably run on PC's besides high quality ones. The goal is to get as real an environment as possible while still being easy(ish) to run. The only problem is I've NEVER done anything with 3D environments, making trees sway, grass move, lighting, etc. Can anyone give me any help? Perhaps describe how it's done? Link me to articles? I'm just looking to be pointed in the right direction, not for you to write the code for me. Any help at all would be greatly appreciated, I'm using Unity3D and C# as my language. Thanks, Tim.

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  • The View-Matrix and Alternative Calculations

    - by P. Avery
    I'm working on a radiosity processor in DirectX 9. The process requires that the camera be placed at the center of a mesh face and a 'screenshot' be taken facing 5 different directions...forward...up...down...left...right... ...The problem is that when the mesh face is facing up( look vector: 0, 1, 0 )...a view matrix cannot be determined using standard trigonometry functions: Matrix4 LookAt( Vector3 eye, Vector3 target, Vector3 up ) { // The "look-at" vector. Vector3 zaxis = normal(target - eye); // The "right" vector. Vector3 xaxis = normal(cross(up, zaxis)); // The "up" vector. Vector3 yaxis = cross(zaxis, xaxis); // Create a 4x4 orientation matrix from the right, up, and at vectors Matrix4 orientation = { xaxis.x, yaxis.x, zaxis.x, 0, xaxis.y, yaxis.y, zaxis.y, 0, xaxis.z, yaxis.z, zaxis.z, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 }; // Create a 4x4 translation matrix by negating the eye position. Matrix4 translation = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -eye.x, -eye.y, -eye.z, 1 }; // Combine the orientation and translation to compute the view matrix return ( translation * orientation ); } The above function comes from http://3dgep.com/?p=1700... ...Is there a mathematical approach to this problem? Edit: A problem occurs when setting the view matrix to up or down directions, here is an example of the problem when facing down: D3DXVECTOR4 vPos( 3, 3, 3, 1 ), vEye( 1.5, 3, 3, 1 ), vLook( 0, -1, 0, 1 ), vRight( 1, 0, 0, 1 ), vUp( 0, 0, 1, 1 ); D3DXMATRIX mV, mP; D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &mP, D3DX_PI / 2, 1, 0.5f, 2000.0f ); D3DXMatrixIdentity( &mV ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._11, ( void* )&vRight, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._21, ( void* )&vUp, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._31, ( void* )&vLook, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._41, ( void* )&(-vEye), sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); D3DXVec4Transform( &vPos, &vPos, &( mV * mP ) ); Results: vPos = D3DXVECTOR3( 1.5, -6, -0.5, 0 ) - this vertex is not properly processed by shader as the homogenous w value is 0 it cannot be normalized to a position within device space...

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  • Does swf provide better compress rate than zlib for png image?

    - by Huang F. Lei
    Somebody told me that when a png image is stored in swf, it's separated to several layer, hence the alpha channel can be compressed better. Is it true? Or, once png image is imported into a swf, it's format is changed, e.g converted into bitmap data, and than compressed by swf's compress algorithm. That's, it is not in png format anymore. I don't know how swf packing its resource, please tell me if you know.

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  • Changing Palette for Day/Light Mode using GIMP

    - by J.C.
    Hello, Suppose I've a picture, which want to achieve day/light mode by changing 8bpp color palette. If I want the pixel index of my picture is always fixed for both day mode and night mode. For example, the 1st pixel index is 100. Which I can look up index 100 in day mode palette and night mode palette. How can I use GIMP to do so? My goal is to not update my pixel index of my picture. Also, as you see in two palette, they are not one one mapping. That is index 1 of the day mode palette and index 1 of the night mode palette may not used in the same pixel of the picture, how can I tackle this problem? Actually, my use case is as follow I want to use one 8bpp picture to achieve day/night mode by update only the color palette (without updating the pixel index). The advantage is I only have to prepare 2 256 byte palette rather than saving 2 big pictures in my limited data ram. Thanks a lot

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  • How to label a cuboid?

    - by usha
    Hi this is how my 3dcuboid looks, I have attached the complete code. I want to label this cuboid using different names across sides, how is this possible using opengl on android? public class MyGLRenderer implements Renderer { Context context; Cuboid rect; private float mCubeRotation; // private static float angleCube = 0; // Rotational angle in degree for cube (NEW) // private static float speedCube = -1.5f; // Rotational speed for cube (NEW) public MyGLRenderer(Context context) { rect = new Cuboid(); this.context = context; } public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset the model-view matrix gl.glTranslatef(0.2f, 0.0f, -8.0f); // Translate right and into the screen gl.glScalef(0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f); // Scale down (NEW) gl.glRotatef(mCubeRotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // gl.glRotatef(angleCube, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // rotate about the axis (1,1,1) (NEW) rect.draw(gl); mCubeRotation -= 0.15f; //angleCube += speedCube; } public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (height == 0) height = 1; // To prevent divide by zero float aspect = (float)width / height; // Set the viewport (display area) to cover the entire window gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); // Setup perspective projection, with aspect ratio matches viewport gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION); // Select projection matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset projection matrix // Use perspective projection GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.f); gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW); // Select model-view matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset } public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Set color's clear-value to black gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f); // Set depth's clear-value to farthest gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Enables depth-buffer for hidden surface removal gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL); // The type of depth testing to do gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST); // nice perspective view gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH); // Enable smooth shading of color gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER); // Disable dithering for better performance }} public class Cuboid{ private FloatBuffer mVertexBuffer; private FloatBuffer mColorBuffer; private ByteBuffer mIndexBuffer; private float vertices[] = { //width,height,depth -2.5f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -2.5f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -2.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -2.5f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; private float colors[] = { // R,G,B,A COLOR 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; private byte indices[] = { // VERTEX 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 REPRESENTATION FOR FACES 0, 4, 5, 0, 5, 1, 1, 5, 6, 1, 6, 2, 2, 6, 7, 2, 7, 3, 3, 7, 4, 3, 4, 0, 4, 7, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3, 0, 1, 3, 1, 2 }; public Cuboid() { ByteBuffer byteBuf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); byteBuf.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); mVertexBuffer = byteBuf.asFloatBuffer(); mVertexBuffer.put(vertices); mVertexBuffer.position(0); byteBuf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length * 4); byteBuf.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); mColorBuffer = byteBuf.asFloatBuffer(); mColorBuffer.put(colors); mColorBuffer.position(0); mIndexBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length); mIndexBuffer.put(indices); mIndexBuffer.position(0); } public void draw(GL10 gl) { gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CW); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mVertexBuffer); gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mColorBuffer); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, 36, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, mIndexBuffer); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY); } } public class Draw3drect extends Activity { private GLSurfaceView glView; // Use GLSurfaceView // Call back when the activity is started, to initialize the view @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); glView = new GLSurfaceView(this); // Allocate a GLSurfaceView glView.setRenderer(new MyGLRenderer(this)); // Use a custom renderer this.setContentView(glView); // This activity sets to GLSurfaceView } // Call back when the activity is going into the background @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); glView.onPause(); } // Call back after onPause() @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); glView.onResume(); } }

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  • Why do my 512x512 bitmaps look jaggy on Android OpenGL?

    - by Milo Mordaunt
    This is sort of driving me nuts, I've googled and googled and tried everything I can think of, but my sprites still look super blurry and super jaggy. Example: Here: https://docs.google.com/open?id=0Bx9Gbwnv9Hd2TmpiZkFycUNmRTA If you click through to the actual full size image you should see what I mean, it's like it's taking and average of every 5*5 pixels or something, the background looks really blurry and blocky, but the ball is the worst. The clouds look all right for some reason, probably because they're mostly transparent. I know the pngs aren't top notch themselves but hey, I'm no artist! I would imagine it's a problem with either: a. How the pngs are made example sprite (512x512): https://docs.google.com/open?id=0Bx9Gbwnv9Hd2a2RRQlJiQTFJUEE b. How my Matrices work This is the relevant parts of the renderer: public void onDrawFrame(GL10 unused) { if(world != null) { dt = System.currentTimeMillis() - endTime; world.update( (float) dt); // Redraw background color GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); Matrix.setIdentityM(mvMatrix, 0); Matrix.translateM(mvMatrix, 0, 0f, 0f, 0f); world.draw(mvMatrix, mProjMatrix); endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); } else { Log.d(TAG, "There is no world...."); } } public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 unused, int width, int height) { GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); Matrix.orthoM(mProjMatrix, 0, 0, width /2, 0, height /2, -1.f, 1.f); } And this is what each Quad does when draw is called: public void draw(float[] mvMatrix, float[] pMatrix) { Matrix.setIdentityM(mMatrix, 0); Matrix.setIdentityM(mvMatrix, 0); Matrix.translateM(mMatrix, 0, xPos, yPos, 0.f); Matrix.multiplyMM(mvMatrix, 0, mvMatrix, 0, mMatrix, 0); Matrix.scaleM(mvMatrix, 0, scale, scale, 0f); Matrix.rotateM(mvMatrix, 0, angle, 0f, 0f, -1f); GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram); posAttr = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition"); texAttr = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aTexCo"); uSampler = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uSampler"); int alphaHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "alpha"); GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(posAttr, COORDS_PER_VERTEX, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, vertexBuffer); GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(texAttr, 2, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, texCoBuffer); GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(posAttr); GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(texAttr); GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); GLES20.glUniform1i(uSampler, 0); GLES20.glUniform1f(alphaHandle, alpha); mMVMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVMatrix"); mPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uPMatrix"); GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mMVMatrixHandle, 1, false, mvMatrix, 0); GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mPMatrixHandle, 1, false, pMatrix, 0); GLES20.glDrawElements(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 4, GLES20.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indicesBuffer); GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(posAttr); GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(texAttr); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); } c. How my texture loading/blending/shaders setup works Here is the renderer setup: public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 unused, EGLConfig config) { // Set the background frame color GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); GLES20.glDisable(GLES20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); GLES20.glDepthMask(false); GLES20.glBlendFunc(GLES20.GL_ONE, GLES20.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_BLEND); GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_DITHER); } Here is the vertex shader: attribute vec4 vPosition; attribute vec2 aTexCo; varying vec2 vTexCo; uniform mat4 uMVMatrix; uniform mat4 uPMatrix; void main() { gl_Position = uPMatrix * uMVMatrix * vPosition; vTexCo = aTexCo; } And here's the fragment shader: precision mediump float; uniform sampler2D uSampler; uniform vec4 vColor; varying vec2 vTexCo; varying float alpha; void main() { vec4 color = texture2D(uSampler, vec2(vTexCo)); gl_FragColor = color; if(gl_FragColor.a == 0.0) { "discard; } } This is how textures are loaded: private int loadTexture(int rescource) { int[] texture = new int[1]; BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options(); opts.inScaled = false; Bitmap temp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), rescource, opts); GLES20.glGenTextures(1, texture, 0); GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GLES20.GL_LINEAR); GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GLES20.GL_LINEAR); GLUtils.texImage2D(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, temp, 0); GLES20.glGenerateMipmap(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); temp.recycle(); return texture[0]; } I'm sure I'm doing about 20,000 things wrong, so I'm really sorry if the problem is blindingly obvious... The test device is a Galaxy Note, running a JellyBean custom ROM, if that matters at all. So the screen resolution is 1280x800, which means... The background is 1024x1024, so yeah it might be a little blurry, but shouldn't be made of lego. Thank you so much, any answer at all would be appreciated.

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  • Unity: Spin wheels to move vehicle

    - by Paul Manta
    I am just getting started with Unity and I'd like to ask a question. If I have a "Vehicle" object that has two children: "FrontWheel" and "BackWheel" (both 'wheels' are cylinders), how should I set everything up such that I can move the entire vehicle by turning its wheels? When I apply a torque to "FrontWheel", the vehicle starts to move, but instead of the whole thing the moving together, the chassis is rolling on the cylinders and eventually falls off. How can I prevent it from doing that?

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  • XNA - Error while rendering a texture to a 2D render target via SpriteBatch

    - by Jared B
    I've got this simple code that uses SpriteBatch to draw a texture onto a RenderTarget2D: private void drawScene(GameTime g) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(skyColor); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(targetScene); drawSunAndMoon(); effect.Fog = true; GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(line); effect.MainEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply(); GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, 0, 2); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); SceneTexture = targetScene; } private void drawPostProcessing(GameTime g) { effect.SceneTexture = SceneTexture; GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(targetBloom); spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null); { if (Bloom) effect.BlurEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply(); spriteBatch.Draw( targetScene, new Rectangle(0, 0, Window.ClientBounds.Width, Window.ClientBounds.Height), Color.White); } spriteBatch.End(); BloomTexture = targetBloom; GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); } Both methods are called from my Draw(GameTime gameTime) function. First drawScene is called, then drawPostProcessing is called. The thing is, when I run this code I get an error on the spriteBatch.Draw call: The render target must not be set on the device when it is used as a texture. I already found the solution, which is to draw the actual render target (targetScene) to the texture so it doesn't create a reference to the loaded render target. However, to my knowledge, the only way of doing this is to write: GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(outputTarget) SpriteBatch.Draw(inputTarget, ...) GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null) Which encounters the same exact problem I'm having right now. So, the question I'm asking is: how would I render inputTarget to outputTarget without reference issues?

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  • How to position a sprite in a 2D animation skeleton?

    - by Paul Manta
    Given two joints that define a bone, I would like to know how to decide where, between those two joints, I should draw the sprite. This should be a fairly simple thing to solve, but there is one thing that I am not sure about. After I've determined the rotation of the sprite (which is the absolute angle the joints form with the x-axis), I also need to determine the origin point from where I need to start drawing the transformed image. So how should I position the sprite between the two joints? Should I make the center of the image be the midpoint between the two joints, or should I make one the of the joints be the origin? Do these things matter that much (could the wrong positioning make the sprite move oddly during the animation)?

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  • Compute directional light frustum from view furstum points and light direction

    - by Fabian
    I'm working on a friends engine project and my task is to construct a new frustum from the light direction that overlaps the view frustum and possible shadow casters. The project already has a function that creates a frustum for this but its way to big and includes way to many casters (shadows) which can't be seen in the view frustum. Now the only parameter of this function are the normalized light direction vector and a view class which lets me extract the 8 view frustum points in world space. I don't have any additional infos about the scene. I have read some of the related Questions here but non seem to fit very well to my problem as they often just point to cascaded shadow maps. Sadly i can't use DX or openGl functions directly because this engine has a dedicated math library. From what i've read so far the steps are: Transform view frustum points into light space and find min/max x and y values (or sometimes minima and maxima of all three axis) and create a AABB using the min/max vectors. But what comes after this step? How do i transform this new AABB back to world space? What i've done so far: CVector3 Points[8], MinLight = CVector3(FLT_MAX), MaxLight = CVector3(FLT_MAX); for(int i = 0; i<8;++i){ Points[i] = Points[i] * WorldToShadowMapMatrix; MinLight = Math::Min(Points[i],MinLight); MaxLight = Math::Max(Points[i],MaxLight); } AABox box(MinLight,MaxLight); I don't think this is the right way to do it. The near plain probably has to extend into the direction of the light source to include potentional shadow casters. I've read the Microsoft article about cascaded shadow maps http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ee416307%28v=vs.85%29.aspx which also includes some sample code. But they seem to use the scenes AABB to determine the near and far plane which I can't since i cant access this information from the funtion I'm working in. Could you guys please link some example code which shows the calculation of such frustum? Thanks in advance! Additional questio: is there a way to construct a WorldToFrustum matrix that represents the above transformation?

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  • Using heavyweight ORM implementation for light based games

    - by Holland
    I'm just about to engulf myself in an MVC-based/Component architecture in C#, using MySQL's connector/Net for the data storage, and probably some NHibernate/FluentNHibernate Object-relational-mapping to map out the data structure. The goal is to build a scalable 2D RPG. Then I think about it...and I can't help but think this seems a little "heavy weight" for a 2D RPG, especially one which, while I plan to incorporate a lot of functionality and entertaining gameplay, may be ported to something like Windows Phone or Android in the future. Yet, on the other hand even a 2-Dimensional RPG can become very complicated, and therefore must incorporate a lot of functionality. While this can be accomplished with text/XML/JSON for data storage, is there a better way? Is something such as Object-Relational-Mapping useful in such an application? So, what do you think? Would you say that there is a place for such technologies? I don't know what to think...

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  • Drawing a textured triangle with CPU instead of GPU

    - by Jenko
    I understand the benefits of GPU rendering and such, but for a certain limited application I need to render textured triangles purely using CPU. I've built a 3D engine capable of object handling, transform, projection, culling and the likes ... now all I need is a little code snippet that draws a single textured triangle onto a bitmap... any language accepted! Inputs: Texture bitmap, Triangle U/V/W coords, Triangle X/Y screen coords Output: The textured triangle drawn at the given screen coords I've currently been using a platform function to draw triangles to screen, but I'm looking to handle it myself to speeden up the process.

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  • how to use serial port in UDK using windows DLL and DLLBind directive?

    - by Shayan Abbas
    I want to use serial port in UDK, For that purpose i use a windows DLL and DLLBind directive. I have a thread in windows DLL for serial port data recieve event. My problem is: this thread doesn't work properly. Please Help me. below is my code SerialPortDLL Code: // SerialPortDLL.cpp : Defines the exported functions for the DLL application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "Cport.h" extern "C" { // This is an example of an exported variable //SERIALPORTDLL_API int nSerialPortDLL=0; // This is an example of an exported function. //SERIALPORTDLL_API int fnSerialPortDLL(void) //{ // return 42; //} CPort *sp; __declspec(dllexport) void Open(wchar_t* portName) { sp = new CPort(portName); //MessageBox(0,L"ha ha!!!",L"ha ha",0); //MessageBox(0,portName,L"ha ha",0); } __declspec(dllexport) void Close() { sp->Close(); MessageBox(0,L"ha ha!!!",L"ha ha",0); } __declspec(dllexport) wchar_t *GetData() { return sp->GetData(); } __declspec(dllexport) unsigned int GetDSR() { return sp->getDSR(); } __declspec(dllexport) unsigned int GetCTS() { return sp->getCTS(); } __declspec(dllexport) unsigned int GetRing() { return sp->getRing(); } } CPort class code: #include "stdafx.h" #include "CPort.h" #include "Serial.h" CSerial serial; HANDLE HandleOfThread; LONG lLastError = ERROR_SUCCESS; bool fContinue = true; HANDLE hevtOverlapped; HANDLE hevtStop; OVERLAPPED ov = {0}; //char szBuffer[101] = ""; wchar_t *szBuffer = L""; wchar_t *data = L""; DWORD WINAPI ThreadHandler( LPVOID lpParam ) { // Keep reading data, until an EOF (CTRL-Z) has been received do { MessageBox(0,L"ga ga!!!",L"ga ga",0); //Sleep(10); // Wait for an event lLastError = serial.WaitEvent(&ov); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( " Unable to wait for a COM-port event" ); } // Setup array of handles in which we are interested HANDLE ahWait[2]; ahWait[0] = hevtOverlapped; ahWait[1] = hevtStop; // Wait until something happens switch (::WaitForMultipleObjects(sizeof(ahWait)/sizeof(*ahWait),ahWait,FALSE,INFINITE)) { case WAIT_OBJECT_0: { // Save event const CSerial::EEvent eEvent = serial.GetEventType(); // Handle break event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventBreak) { //LOG( " ### BREAK received ###" ); } // Handle CTS event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventCTS) { //LOG( " ### Clear to send %s ###", serial.GetCTS() ? "on":"off" ); } // Handle DSR event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventDSR) { //LOG( " ### Data set ready %s ###", serial.GetDSR() ? "on":"off" ); } // Handle error event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventError) { switch (serial.GetError()) { case CSerial::EErrorBreak: /*LOG( " Break condition" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorFrame: /*LOG( " Framing error" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorIOE: /*LOG( " IO device error" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorMode: /*LOG( " Unsupported mode" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorOverrun: /*LOG( " Buffer overrun" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorRxOver: /*LOG( " Input buffer overflow" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorParity: /*LOG( " Input parity error" );*/ break; case CSerial::EErrorTxFull: /*LOG( " Output buffer full" );*/ break; default: /*LOG( " Unknown" );*/ break; } } // Handle ring event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventRing) { //LOG( " ### RING ###" ); } // Handle RLSD/CD event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventRLSD) { //LOG( " ### RLSD/CD %s ###", serial.GetRLSD() ? "on" : "off" ); } // Handle data receive event if (eEvent & CSerial::EEventRecv) { // Read data, until there is nothing left DWORD dwBytesRead = 0; do { // Read data from the COM-port lLastError = serial.Read(szBuffer,33,&dwBytesRead); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( "Unable to read from COM-port" ); } if( dwBytesRead == 33 && szBuffer[0]=='$' ) { // Finalize the data, so it is a valid string szBuffer[dwBytesRead] = '\0'; ////LOG( "\n%s\n", szBuffer ); data = szBuffer; } } while (dwBytesRead > 0); } } break; case WAIT_OBJECT_0+1: { // Set the continue bit to false, so we'll exit fContinue = false; } break; default: { // Something went wrong //LOG( "Error while calling WaitForMultipleObjects" ); } break; } } while (fContinue); MessageBox(0,L"kka kk!!!",L"kka ga",0); return 0; } CPort::CPort(wchar_t *portName) { // Attempt to open the serial port (COM2) //lLastError = serial.Open(_T(portName),0,0,true); lLastError = serial.Open(portName,0,0,true); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( "Unable to open COM-port" ); } // Setup the serial port (115200,8N1, which is the default setting) lLastError = serial.Setup(CSerial::EBaud115200,CSerial::EData8,CSerial::EParNone,CSerial::EStop1); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( "Unable to set COM-port setting" ); } // Register only for the receive event lLastError = serial.SetMask(CSerial::EEventBreak | CSerial::EEventCTS | CSerial::EEventDSR | CSerial::EEventError | CSerial::EEventRing | CSerial::EEventRLSD | CSerial::EEventRecv); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( "Unable to set COM-port event mask" ); } // Use 'non-blocking' reads, because we don't know how many bytes // will be received. This is normally the most convenient mode // (and also the default mode for reading data). lLastError = serial.SetupReadTimeouts(CSerial::EReadTimeoutNonblocking); if (lLastError != ERROR_SUCCESS) { //LOG( "Unable to set COM-port read timeout" ); } // Create a handle for the overlapped operations hevtOverlapped = ::CreateEvent(0,TRUE,FALSE,0);; if (hevtOverlapped == 0) { //LOG( "Unable to create manual-reset event for overlapped I/O" ); } // Setup the overlapped structure ov.hEvent = hevtOverlapped; // Open the "STOP" handle hevtStop = ::CreateEvent(0,TRUE,FALSE,_T("Overlapped_Stop_Event")); if (hevtStop == 0) { //LOG( "Unable to create manual-reset event for stop event" ); } HandleOfThread = CreateThread( NULL, 0, ThreadHandler, 0, 0, NULL); } CPort::~CPort() { //fContinue = false; //CloseHandle( HandleOfThread ); //serial.Close(); } void CPort::Close() { fContinue = false; CloseHandle( HandleOfThread ); serial.Close(); } wchar_t *CPort::GetData() { return data; } bool CPort::getCTS() { return serial.GetCTS(); } bool CPort::getDSR() { return serial.GetDSR(); } bool CPort::getRing() { return serial.GetRing(); } Unreal Script Code: class MyPlayerController extends GamePlayerController DLLBind(SerialPortDLL); dllimport final function Open(string portName); dllimport final function Close(); dllimport final function string GetData();

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  • box2d tween what am I missing

    - by philipp
    I have a Box2D project and I want to tween an kinematic body from position A, to position B. The tween function, got it from this blog: function easeInOut(t , b, c, d ){ if ( ( t /= d / 2 ) < 1){ return c/2 * t * t * t * t + b; } return -c/2 * ( (t -= 2 ) * t * t * t - 2 ) + b; } where t is the current value, b the start, c the end and d the total amount of frames (in my case). I am using the method introduced by this lesson of todd's b2d tutorials to move the body by setting its linear Velocity so here is relevant update code of the sprite: if( moveData.current == moveData.total ){ this._body.SetLinearVelocity( new b2Vec2() ); return; } var t = easeNone( moveData.current, 0, 1, moveData.total ); var step = moveData.length / moveData.total * t; var dir = moveData.direction.Copy(); //this is the line that I think might be corrected dir.Multiply( t * moveData.length * fps /moveData.total ) ; var bodyPosition = this._body.GetWorldCenter(); var idealPosition = bodyPosition.Copy(); idealPosition.Add( dir ); idealPosition.Subtract( bodyPosition.Copy() ); moveData.current++; this._body.SetLinearVelocity( idealPosition ); moveData is an Object that holds the global values of the tween, namely: current frame (int), total frames (int), the length of the total distance to travel (float) the direction vector (targetposition - bodyposition) (b2Vec2) and the start of the tween (bodyposition) (b2Vec2) Goal is to tween the body based on a fixed amount of frames: in moveData.total frames. The value of t is always between 0 and 1 and the only thing that is not working correctly is the resulting distance the body travels. I need to calculate the multiplier for the direction vector. What am I missing to make it work?? Greetings philipp

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  • *DX11, HLSL* - Colour as 4 floats or one UINT

    - by Paul
    With the DX11 pipeline, would it be much quicker for the vertex buffer to pass one single UINT with one byte per channel to the input assembler, as opposed to three floats? Then the vertex shader would convert the four bytes to four floats, which I guess is the required colour format for the pipeline. In this instance, colour accuracy isn't an issue. The vertex buffer would need to be updated many times per frame, so using a single UINT and saving 12 bytes for every vertex could well be worth it: quicker uploads to vram and also less memory used. But the cost is the extra shader work for every vertex to convert each 8 bits of the input UNIT into a float. Anyone have an idea if it might be worth doing? Or, is it possible for the pipeline to be set to just internally use a four-byte colour format? The swap chain buffer has been initialised as DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, so ultimately that's how the colour will be written. Thanks!

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  • GLSL Bokeh using Quads and Textures

    - by Notoriousaur
    I'm trying to create a depth of field effect with bokeh sprites in GLSL. Specifically, what i would like to do is, for each pixel: See if the pixel is out of the focal range If it is, draw a quad and apply a texture to provide a bokeh sprite. This kind of implementation is seen in the Unreal Engine and by Matt Pettineo, however, both implementations are in DX11 and I'm using OpenGL. I'm a bit stuck on the drawing a quad and applying a texture bit. Does anyone know how I can do this, or provide any relevant links as to how I can do this? Thanks

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  • Cannot convert parameter 1 from 'short *' to 'int *' [closed]

    - by Torben Carrington
    I'm trying to learn pointers and since I recently learned that short int takes up less memory [2 bytes as apposed to the long int's memory usage of 4 which is the default for int] I wanted to create a pointer that uses the memory address of a short integer. I'm following a tutorial in my book about Pointers and it's using the Swap function. The problem is I receive this error the moment I change everything from int to short int: error C2664: 'Swap' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'short *' to 'int *' 1 Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast Since my code is so small here is the whole thing: void Swap(short int *sipX, short int *sipY) { short int siTemp = *sipX; *sipX = *sipY; *sipY = siTemp; } int main() { short int siBig = 100; short int siSmall = 1; std::cout << "Pre-Swap: " << siBig << " " << siSmall << std::endl; Swap(&siBig, &siSmall); std::cout << "Post-Swap: " << siBig << " " << siSmall << std::endl; return 0; }

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  • best way to compute vertex normals from a Triangle's list

    - by nkint
    hi i'm a complete newbie in computergraphics so sorry if it's a stupid answer. i'm trying to make a simple 3d engine from scratch, more for educational purpose than for real use. i have a Surface object with inside a Triangle's list. For now i compute normals inside Triangle class, in this way: triangle.computeFaceNormals() { Vec3D u = v1.sub(v3) Vec3D v = v1.sub(v2) Vec3D normal = Vec3D.cross(u,v) normal.normalized() this.n1 = this.n2 = this.n3 = normal } and when building surface: t = new Triangle(v1,v2,v3).computeFaceNormals() surface.addTriangle(t) and i think this is the best way to do that.. isn't it? now.. what about for vertex normals? i've found this simple algorithm: flipcode vertex normal but.. hei this algorithm has.. exponential complexity? (if my memory doesn't fail my computer science background..) (bytheway.. it has 3 nested loops.. i don't think it's the best way to do it..) any suggestion?

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  • Using polygons instead of quads on Cocos2d

    - by rraallvv
    I've been looking under the hood of Cocos2d, and I think (please correct me if I'm wrong) that although working with quads is a key feature of the engine, it should't be dificult to make it work with arrays of vertices (aka polygons) instead of quads, being the quads a special case of an array of four vertices by the way, does anyone have any code that makes cocos2d render a texture filled polygon inside a batch node? the code posted here (http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org/forum/topic/8142/page/2#post-89393) does a nice job rendering a texture filled polygon but the class doesn't work with batch nodes

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  • What are the valid DepthBuffer Texture formats in DirectX 11? And which are also valid for a staging resource?

    - by sebf
    I am trying to read the contents of the depth buffer into main memory so that my CPU side code can do Some Stuff™ with it. I am attempting to do this by creating a staging resource which can be read by the CPU, which I will copy the contents of the depth buffer into before reading it. I keep encountering errors however, because of, I believe, incompatibilities between the resource format and the view formats. Threads like these lead me to believe it is possible in DX11 to access the depth buffer as a resource, and that I can create a resource with a typeless format and have it interpreted in the view as another, but I cannot get it to work. What are the valid formats for the resource to be used as the depth buffer? Which of these are also valid for a CPU accessible staging resource?

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  • Matrix rotation of a rectangle to "face" a given point in 2d

    - by justin.m.chase
    Suppose you have a rectangle centered at point (0, 0) and now I want to rotate it such that it is facing the point (100, 100), how would I do this purely with matrix math? To give some more specifics I am using javascript and canvas and I may have something like this: var position = {x : 0, y: 0 }; var destination = { x : 100, y: 100 }; var transform = Matrix.identity(); this.update = function(state) { // update transform to rotate to face destination }; this.draw = function(ctx) { ctx.save(); ctx.transform(transform); // a helper that just calls setTransform() ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(-5, -5, 10, 10); ctx.fillStyle = 'Blue'; ctx.fill(); ctx.lineWidth = 2; ctx.stroke(); ctx.restore(); } Feel free to assume any matrix function you need is available.

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  • Unity3d: Box collider attached to animated FBX models through scripts at run-time have wrong dimension

    - by Heisenbug
    I have several scripts attached to static and non static models of my scene. All models are instantiated at run-time (and must be instantiated at run-time because I'm procedural building the scene). I'd like to add a BoxCollider or SphereCollider to my FBX models at runtime. With non animated models it works simply requiring BoxCollider component from the script attached to my GameObject. BoxCollider is created of the right dimension. Something like: [RequireComponent(typeof(BoxCollider))] public class AScript: MonoBehavior { } If I do the same thing with animated models, BoxCollider are created of the wrong dimension. For example if attach the script above to penelopeFBX model of the standard asset, BoxCollider is created smaller than the mesh itself. How can I solve this?

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