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  • C++/CLI HTTP Proxy problems...

    - by darkantimatter
    Hi, I'm trying(very hard) to make a small HTTP Proxy server which I can use to save all communications to a file. Seeing as I dont really have any experience in the area, I used a class from codeproject.com and some associated code to get started (It was made in the old CLI syntax, so I converted it). I couldn't get it working, so I added lots more code to make it work (threads etc), and now it sort of works. Basically, it recieves something from a client (I just configured Mozilla Firefox to route its connections through this proxy) and then routes it to google.com. After it sends Mozilla's data to google, recieves a responce, and sends that to Mozilla. This works fine, but then the proxy fails to recieve any data from Mozilla. It just loops in the Sleep(50) section. Anyway, heres the code: ProxyTest.cpp: #include "stdafx.h" #include "windows.h" #include "CHTTPProxy.h" public ref class ClientThread { public: System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient ^ pClient; CHttpProxy ^ pProxy; System::Int32 ^ pRecieveBufferSize; System::Threading::Thread ^ Thread; ClientThread(System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient ^ sClient, CHttpProxy ^ sProxy, System::Int32 ^ sRecieveBufferSize) { pClient = sClient; pProxy = sProxy; pRecieveBufferSize = sRecieveBufferSize; }; void StartReading() { Thread = gcnew System::Threading::Thread(gcnew System::Threading::ThreadStart(this,&ClientThread::ThreadEntryPoint)); Thread->Start(); }; void ThreadEntryPoint() { char * bytess; bytess = new char[(int)pRecieveBufferSize]; memset(bytess, 0, (int)pRecieveBufferSize); array<unsigned char> ^ bytes = gcnew array<unsigned char>((int)pRecieveBufferSize); array<unsigned char> ^ sendbytes; do { if (pClient->GetStream()->DataAvailable) { try { do { Sleep(100); //Lets wait for whole packet to get cached (If it even does...) unsigned int k = pClient->GetStream()->Read(bytes, 0, (int)pRecieveBufferSize); //Read it for(unsigned int i=0; i<(int)pRecieveBufferSize; i++) bytess[i] = bytes[i]; Console::WriteLine("Packet Received:\n"+gcnew System::String(bytess)); pProxy->SendToServer(bytes,pClient->GetStream()); //Now send it to google! pClient->GetStream()->Flush(); } while(pClient->GetStream()->DataAvailable); } catch (Exception ^ e) { break; } } else { Sleep(50); //It just loops here because it thinks mozilla isnt sending anything if (!(pClient->Connected)) break; }; } while (pClient->GetStream()->CanRead); delete [] bytess; pClient->Close(); }; }; int main(array<System::String ^> ^args) { System::Collections::Generic::Stack<ClientThread ^> ^ Clients = gcnew System::Collections::Generic::Stack<ClientThread ^>(); System::Net::Sockets::TcpListener ^ pTcpListener = gcnew System::Net::Sockets::TcpListener(8080); pTcpListener->Start(); System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient ^ pTcpClient; while (1) { pTcpClient = pTcpListener->AcceptTcpClient(); //Wait for client ClientThread ^ Client = gcnew ClientThread(pTcpClient, gcnew CHttpProxy("www.google.com.au", 80), pTcpClient->ReceiveBufferSize); //Make a new object for this client Client->StartReading(); //Start the thread Clients->Push(Client); //Add it to the list }; pTcpListener->Stop(); return 0; } CHTTPProxy.h, from http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/howtoproxy.aspx with a lot of modifications: //THIS FILE IS FROM http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/howtoproxy.aspx. I DID NOT MAKE THIS! BUT I HAVE MADE SEVERAL MODIFICATIONS! #using <mscorlib.dll> #using <SYSTEM.DLL> using namespace System; using System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient; using System::String; using System::Exception; using System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream; #include <stdio.h> ref class CHttpProxy { public: CHttpProxy(System::String ^ szHost, int port); System::String ^ m_host; int m_port; void SendToServer(array<unsigned char> ^ Packet, System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream ^ sendstr); }; CHttpProxy::CHttpProxy(System::String ^ szHost, int port) { m_host = gcnew System::String(szHost); m_port = port; } void CHttpProxy::SendToServer(array<unsigned char> ^ Packet, System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream ^ sendstr) { TcpClient ^ tcpclnt = gcnew TcpClient(); try { tcpclnt->Connect(m_host,m_port); } catch (Exception ^ e ) { Console::WriteLine(e->ToString()); return; } // Send it if ( tcpclnt ) { NetworkStream ^ networkStream; networkStream = tcpclnt->GetStream(); int size = Packet->Length; networkStream->Write(Packet, 0, size); array<unsigned char> ^ bytes = gcnew array<unsigned char>(tcpclnt->ReceiveBufferSize); char * bytess = new char[tcpclnt->ReceiveBufferSize]; Sleep(500); //Wait for responce do { unsigned int k = networkStream->Read(bytes, 0, (int)tcpclnt->ReceiveBufferSize); //Read from google for(unsigned int i=0; i<k; i++) { bytess[i] = bytes[i]; if (bytess[i] == 0) bytess[i] = ' '; //Dont terminate the string if (bytess[i] < 8) bytess[i] = ' '; //Somethings making the computer beep, and its not 7?!?! }; Console::WriteLine("\n\nAbove packet sent to google. Google Packet Received:\n"+gcnew System::String(bytess)); sendstr->Write(bytes,0,k); //Send it to mozilla Console::WriteLine("\n\nAbove packet sent to client..."); //Sleep(1000); } while(networkStream->DataAvailable); delete [] bytess; } return; } Any help would be much appreciated, I've tried for hours.

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  • what "Debug Assertion Failed" mean and how to fix it, c++?

    - by nonon
    hi, why this program gives me a "Debug Assertion Failed" Error Message while running #include "stdafx.h" #include "iostream" #include "fstream" #include "string" using namespace std; int conv_ch(char b) { int f; f=b; b=b+0; switch(b) { case 48: f=0; break; case 49: f=1; break; case 50: f=2; break; case 51: f=3; break; case 52: f=4; break; case 53: f=5; break; case 54: f=6; break; case 55: f=7; break; case 56: f=8; break; case 57: f=9; break; default: f=0; } return f; } class Student { public: string id; size_t id_len; string first_name; size_t first_len; string last_name; size_t last_len; string phone; size_t phone_len; string grade; size_t grade_len; void print(); void clean(); }; void Student::clean() { id.erase (id.begin()+6, id.end()); first_name.erase (first_name.begin()+15, first_name.end()); last_name.erase (last_name.begin()+15, last_name.end()); phone.erase (phone.begin()+10, phone.end()); grade.erase (grade.begin()+2, grade.end()); } void Student::print() { int i; for(i=0;i<6;i++) { cout<<id[i]; } cout<<endl; for(i=0;i<15;i++) { cout<<first_name[i]; } cout<<endl; for(i=0;i<15;i++) { cout<<last_name[i]; } cout<<endl; for(i=0;i<10;i++) { cout<<phone[i]; } cout<<endl; for(i=0;i<2;i++) { cout<<grade[i]; } cout<<endl; } int main() { Student k[80]; char data[1200]; int length,i,recn=0; int rec_length; int counter = 0; fstream myfile; char x1,x2; char y1,y2; char zz; int ad=0; int ser,j; myfile.open ("example.txt",ios::in); int right; int left; int middle; string key; while(!myfile.eof()){ myfile.get(data,1200); char * pch; pch = strtok (data, "#"); printf ("%s\n", pch); j=0; for(i=0;i<6;i++) { k[recn].id[i]=data[j]; j++; } for(i=0;i<15;i++) { k[recn].first_name[i]=data[j]; j++; } for(i=0;i<15;i++) { k[recn].last_name[i]=data[j]; j++; } for(i=0;i<10;i++) { k[recn].phone[i]=data[j]; j++; } for(i=0;i<2;i++) { k[recn].grade[i]=data[j]; j++; } recn++; j=0; } //cout<<recn; string temp1; size_t temp2; int temp3; for(i=0;i<recn-1;i++) { for(j=0;j<recn-1;j++) { if(k[i].id.compare(k[j].id)<0) { temp1 = k[i].first_name; k[i].first_name = k[j].first_name; k[j].first_name = temp1; temp2 = k[i].first_len; k[i].first_len = k[j].first_len; k[j].first_len = temp2; temp1 = k[i].last_name; k[i].last_name = k[j].last_name; k[j].last_name = temp1; temp2 = k[i].last_len; k[i].last_len = k[j].last_len; k[j].last_len = temp2; temp1 = k[i].grade; k[i].grade = k[j].grade; k[j].grade = temp1; temp2 = k[i].grade_len; k[i].grade_len = k[j].grade_len; k[j].grade_len = temp2; temp1 = k[i].id; k[i].id = k[j].id; k[j].id = temp1; temp2 = k[i].id_len; k[i].id_len = k[j].id_len; k[j].id_len = temp2; temp1 = k[i].phone; k[i].phone = k[j].phone; k[j].phone = temp1; temp2 = k[i].phone_len; k[i].phone_len = k[j].phone_len; k[j].phone_len = temp2; } } } for(i=0;i<recn-1;i++) { k[i].clean(); } char z; string id_sear; cout<<"Enter 1 to display , 2 to search , 3 to exit:"; cin>>z; while(1){ switch(z) { case '1': for(i=0;i<recn-1;i++) { k[i].print(); } break; case '2': cin>>key; right=0; left=recn-2; while(right<=left) { middle=((right+left)/2); if(key.compare(k[middle].id)==0){ cout<<"Founded"<<endl; k[middle].print(); break; } else if(key.compare(k[middle].id)<0) { left=middle-1; } else { right=middle+1; } } break; case '3': exit(0); break; } cout<<"Enter 1 to display , 2 to search , 3 to exit:"; cin>>z; } return 0; } the program reads from a file example.txt 313121crewwe matt 0114323111A # 433444cristinaee john 0113344325A+# 324311matte richee 3040554032B # the idea is to read fixed size field structure with a text seprator record strucutre

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  • HttpsCookieFilter - IllegalStateException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response

    - by Mat Banik
    Following exception is thrown every once in a while and it shows up in localhost log file in tomcat log directory. If anyone know how to get rid of it, all help would be appreciated. BTW the filter is working fine I just don't know why this exception is happening. Stack trace: java.lang.IllegalStateException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response at org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.getWriter(Response.java:611) at org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.getWriter(ResponseFacade.java:198) at javax.servlet.ServletResponseWrapper.getWriter(ServletResponseWrapper.java:112) at javax.servlet.ServletResponseWrapper.getWriter(ServletResponseWrapper.java:112) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:366) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:283) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:233) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:250) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1047) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:817) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter.doFilter(SiteMeshFilter.java:65) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:198) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.handleRewrite(RuleChain.java:176) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.doRules(RuleChain.java:145) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriter.processRequest(UrlRewriter.java:92) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(UrlRewriteFilter.java:381) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:368) at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:109) at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:83) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:97) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:78) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.rememberme.RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.java:119) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:187) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:105) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:57) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:79) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.access.channel.ChannelProcessingFilter.doFilter(ChannelProcessingFilter.java:109) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.session.ConcurrentSessionFilter.doFilter(ConcurrentSessionFilter.java:109) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:380) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:169) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:237) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) //Here is the servlet I suspect is trowing the exception. at package.HttpsCookieFilter.doFilter(HttpsCookieFilter.java:38) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProcessor.process(Http11NioProcessor.java:886) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:721) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:2256) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:717) The HttpsCookieFilter class: public class HttpsCookieFilter implements Filter { private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HttpsCookieFilter.class); @Override public void destroy() { } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { final HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request; final HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response; final HttpSession session = req.getSession(false); if (session != null) { setCookie(req, res); } try{ chain.doFilter(request, response); // <- Exception thrown from here }catch (IllegalStateException e){ log.warn("HttpsCookieFilter redirect problem! ", e); } } @Override public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException { } private void setCookie( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID", request.getSession(false).getId()); cookie.setMaxAge(-1); cookie.setPath(getCookiePath(request)); cookie.setSecure(false); response.addCookie(cookie); } private String getCookiePath(HttpServletRequest request) { String contextPath = request.getContextPath(); return contextPath.length() > 0 ? contextPath : "/"; } } web.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.security.web.session.HttpSessionEventPublisher</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>httpsCookieFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>com.iteezy.server.web.servlet.HttpsCookieFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>httpsCookieFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>filterChainProxy</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>filterChainProxy</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> ... The reason for integrating this filter comes from Spring security FAQs: I'm using Tomcat (or some other servlet container) and have enabled HTTPS for my login page, switching back to HTTP afterwards. It doesn't work - I just end up back at the login page after authenticating. This happens because sessions created under HTTPS, for which the session cookie is marked as “secure”, cannot subsequently be used under HTTP. The browser will not send the cookie back to the server and any session state will be lost (including the security context information). Starting a session in HTTP first should work as the session cookie won't be marked as secure.

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  • Incorrect output on changing sequence of declarations

    - by max
    Writing C++ code to implement Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping. This order of declaration of these 2 statements gives correct output, reverse does not. int numberOfVertices = 5; Point pointList[] = { {50,50}, {200,300}, {310,110}, {130,90}, {70,40} }; I am passing the polygon vertex set to clippers in order - LEFT, RIGHT, TOP, BOTTOM. The exact error which comes when the declarations are reversed is that the bottom clipper, produces an empty set of vertices so no polygon is displayed after clipping. Correct: Incorrent: Confirmed by outputting the number of vertices produced after each pass: Correct: Incorrect: What is the reason for this error? Code: #include <iostream> #include <GL/glut.h> #define MAXVERTICES 10 #define LEFT 0 #define RIGHT 1 #define TOP 2 #define BOTTOM 3 using namespace std; /* Clipping window */ struct Window { double xmin; double xmax; double ymin; double ymax; }; struct Point { double x; double y; }; /* If I interchange these two lines, the code doesn't work. */ /**************/ int numberOfVertices = 5; Point pointList[] = { {50,50}, {200,300}, {310,110}, {130,90}, {70,40} }; /**************/ const Window w = { 100, 400, 60, 200 }; /* Checks whether a point is inside or outside a window side */ int isInside(Point p, int side) { switch(side) { case LEFT: return p.x >= w.xmin; case RIGHT: return p.x <= w.xmax; case TOP: return p.y <= w.ymax; case BOTTOM: return p.y >= w.ymin; } } /* Calculates intersection of a segment and a window side */ Point intersection(Point p1, Point p2, int side) { Point temp; double slope, intercept; bool infinite; /* Find slope and intercept of segment, taking care of inf slope */ if(p2.x - p1.x != 0) { slope = (p2.y - p1.y) / (p2.x - p1.x); infinite = false; } else { infinite = true; } intercept = p1.y - p1.x * slope; /* Calculate intersections */ switch(side) { case LEFT: temp.x = w.xmin; temp.y = temp.x * slope + intercept; break; case RIGHT: temp.x = w.xmax; temp.y = temp.x * slope + intercept; break; case TOP: temp.y = w.ymax; temp.x = infinite ? p1.x : (temp.y - intercept) / slope; break; case BOTTOM: temp.y = w.ymin; temp.x = infinite ? p1.x : (temp.y - intercept) / slope; break; } return temp; } /* Clips polygon against a side, updating the point list (called once for each side) */ void clipAgainstSide(int sideToClip) { int i, j=0; Point s,p; Point outputList[MAXVERTICES]; /* Main algorithm */ s = pointList[numberOfVertices-1]; for(i=0 ; i<numberOfVertices ; i++) { p = pointList[i]; if(isInside(p, sideToClip)) { /* p inside */ if(!isInside(s, sideToClip)) { /* p inside, s outside */ outputList[j] = intersection(p, s, sideToClip); j++; } outputList[j] = p; j++; } else if(isInside(s, sideToClip)) { /* s inside, p outside */ outputList[j] = intersection(s, p, sideToClip); j++; } s = p; } /* Updating number of points and point list */ numberOfVertices = j; /* ERROR: In last call with BOTTOM argument, numberOfVertices becomes 0 */ /* all earlier 3 calls have correct output */ cout<<numberOfVertices<<endl; for(i=0 ; i<numberOfVertices ; i++) { pointList[i] = outputList[i]; } } void SutherlandHodgemanPolygonClip() { clipAgainstSide(LEFT); clipAgainstSide(RIGHT); clipAgainstSide(TOP); clipAgainstSide(BOTTOM); } void init() { glClearColor(1,1,1,0); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); gluOrtho2D(0,1000,0,500); } void display() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); /* Displaying ORIGINAL box and polygon */ glColor3f(0,0,1); glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP); glVertex2i(w.xmin, w.ymin); glVertex2i(w.xmin, w.ymax); glVertex2i(w.xmax, w.ymax); glVertex2i(w.xmax, w.ymin); glEnd(); glColor3f(1,0,0); glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP); for(int i=0 ; i<numberOfVertices ; i++) { glVertex2i(pointList[i].x, pointList[i].y); } glEnd(); /* Clipping */ SutherlandHodgemanPolygonClip(); /* Displaying CLIPPED box and polygon, 500px right */ glColor3f(0,0,1); glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP); glVertex2i(w.xmin+500, w.ymin); glVertex2i(w.xmin+500, w.ymax); glVertex2i(w.xmax+500, w.ymax); glVertex2i(w.xmax+500, w.ymin); glEnd(); glColor3f(1,0,0); glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP); for(int i=0 ; i<numberOfVertices ; i++) { glVertex2i(pointList[i].x+500, pointList[i].y); } glEnd(); glFlush(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(1000,500); glutCreateWindow("Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping"); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); return 0; }

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  • Microbenchmark showing process-switching faster than thread-switching; what's wrong?

    - by Yang
    I have two simple microbenchmarks trying to measure thread- and process-switching overheads, but the process-switching overhead. The code is living here, and r1667 is pasted below: https://assorted.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/assorted/sandbox/trunk/src/c/process_switch_bench.c // on zs, ~2.1-2.4us/switch #include <stdlib.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <semaphore.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <pthread.h> uint32_t COUNTER; pthread_mutex_t LOCK; pthread_mutex_t START; sem_t *s0, *s1, *s2; void * threads ( void * unused ) { // Wait till we may fire away sem_wait(s2); for (;;) { pthread_mutex_lock(&LOCK); pthread_mutex_unlock(&LOCK); COUNTER++; sem_post(s0); sem_wait(s1); } return 0; } int64_t timeInMS () { struct timeval t; gettimeofday(&t, NULL); return ( (int64_t)t.tv_sec * 1000 + (int64_t)t.tv_usec / 1000 ); } int main ( int argc, char ** argv ) { int64_t start; pthread_t t1; pthread_mutex_init(&LOCK, NULL); COUNTER = 0; s0 = sem_open("/s0", O_CREAT, 0022, 0); if (s0 == 0) { perror("sem_open"); exit(1); } s1 = sem_open("/s1", O_CREAT, 0022, 0); if (s1 == 0) { perror("sem_open"); exit(1); } s2 = sem_open("/s2", O_CREAT, 0022, 0); if (s2 == 0) { perror("sem_open"); exit(1); } int x, y, z; sem_getvalue(s0, &x); sem_getvalue(s1, &y); sem_getvalue(s2, &z); printf("%d %d %d\n", x, y, z); pid_t pid = fork(); if (pid) { pthread_create(&t1, NULL, threads, NULL); pthread_detach(t1); // Get start time and fire away start = timeInMS(); sem_post(s2); sem_post(s2); // Wait for about a second sleep(1); // Stop thread pthread_mutex_lock(&LOCK); // Find out how much time has really passed. sleep won't guarantee me that // I sleep exactly one second, I might sleep longer since even after being // woken up, it can take some time before I gain back CPU time. Further // some more time might have passed before I obtained the lock! int64_t time = timeInMS() - start; // Correct the number of thread switches accordingly COUNTER = (uint32_t)(((uint64_t)COUNTER * 2 * 1000) / time); printf("Number of process switches in about one second was %u\n", COUNTER); printf("roughly %f microseconds per switch\n", 1000000.0 / COUNTER); // clean up kill(pid, 9); wait(0); sem_close(s0); sem_close(s1); sem_unlink("/s0"); sem_unlink("/s1"); sem_unlink("/s2"); } else { if (1) { sem_t *t = s0; s0 = s1; s1 = t; } threads(0); // never return } return 0; } https://assorted.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/assorted/sandbox/trunk/src/c/thread_switch_bench.c // From <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/304752/how-to-estimate-the-thread-context-switching-overhead> // on zs, ~4-5us/switch; tried making COUNTER updated only by one thread, but no difference #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/time.h> uint32_t COUNTER; pthread_mutex_t LOCK; pthread_mutex_t START; pthread_cond_t CONDITION; void * threads ( void * unused ) { // Wait till we may fire away pthread_mutex_lock(&START); pthread_mutex_unlock(&START); int first=1; pthread_mutex_lock(&LOCK); // If I'm not the first thread, the other thread is already waiting on // the condition, thus Ihave to wake it up first, otherwise we'll deadlock if (COUNTER > 0) { pthread_cond_signal(&CONDITION); first=0; } for (;;) { if (first) COUNTER++; pthread_cond_wait(&CONDITION, &LOCK); // Always wake up the other thread before processing. The other // thread will not be able to do anything as long as I don't go // back to sleep first. pthread_cond_signal(&CONDITION); } pthread_mutex_unlock(&LOCK); return 0; } int64_t timeInMS () { struct timeval t; gettimeofday(&t, NULL); return ( (int64_t)t.tv_sec * 1000 + (int64_t)t.tv_usec / 1000 ); } int main ( int argc, char ** argv ) { int64_t start; pthread_t t1; pthread_t t2; pthread_mutex_init(&LOCK, NULL); pthread_mutex_init(&START, NULL); pthread_cond_init(&CONDITION, NULL); pthread_mutex_lock(&START); COUNTER = 0; pthread_create(&t1, NULL, threads, NULL); pthread_create(&t2, NULL, threads, NULL); pthread_detach(t1); pthread_detach(t2); // Get start time and fire away start = timeInMS(); pthread_mutex_unlock(&START); // Wait for about a second sleep(1); // Stop both threads pthread_mutex_lock(&LOCK); // Find out how much time has really passed. sleep won't guarantee me that // I sleep exactly one second, I might sleep longer since even after being // woken up, it can take some time before I gain back CPU time. Further // some more time might have passed before I obtained the lock! int64_t time = timeInMS() - start; // Correct the number of thread switches accordingly COUNTER = (uint32_t)(((uint64_t)COUNTER * 2 * 1000) / time); printf("Number of thread switches in about one second was %u\n", COUNTER); printf("roughly %f microseconds per switch\n", 1000000.0 / COUNTER); return 0; }

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  • Passing ActionListeners in Java, pack()

    - by Crystal
    Two questions. First question is I'm trying to create a simple form that when you press a button, it adds a Person object to the ArrayList. However, since I am not used to GUIs, I tried creating one and am first just trying to get the user input from the JTextField, create an ActionListener object of the appropriate type, so once that works, then I can pass in all the JTextField inputs to create my Person object. Unfortunately, I am not getting any data when I type in something to the firstName JTextField and was wondering if someone could look at my code below. import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import java.util.List; import java.util.ArrayList; public class AddressBook { public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { AddressBookFrame frame = new AddressBookFrame(); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar); JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); JMenuItem openItem = new JMenuItem("Open"); JMenuItem saveItem = new JMenuItem("Save"); JMenuItem saveAsItem = new JMenuItem("Save As"); JMenuItem printItem = new JMenuItem("Print"); JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit"); fileMenu.add(openItem); fileMenu.add(saveItem); fileMenu.add(saveAsItem); fileMenu.add(printItem); fileMenu.add(exitItem); menuBar.add(fileMenu); JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit"); JMenuItem newItem = new JMenuItem("New"); JMenuItem editItem = new JMenuItem("Edit"); JMenuItem deleteItem = new JMenuItem("Delete"); JMenuItem findItem = new JMenuItem("Find"); JMenuItem firstItem = new JMenuItem("First"); JMenuItem previousItem = new JMenuItem("Previous"); JMenuItem nextItem = new JMenuItem("Next"); JMenuItem lastItem = new JMenuItem("Last"); editMenu.add(newItem); editMenu.add(editItem); editMenu.add(deleteItem); editMenu.add(findItem); editMenu.add(firstItem); editMenu.add(previousItem); editMenu.add(nextItem); editMenu.add(lastItem); menuBar.add(editMenu); JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu("Help"); JMenuItem documentationItem = new JMenuItem("Documentation"); JMenuItem aboutItem = new JMenuItem("About"); helpMenu.add(documentationItem); helpMenu.add(aboutItem); menuBar.add(helpMenu); frame.setVisible(true); } }); } } class AddressBookFrame extends JFrame { public AddressBookFrame() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); setTitle("Address Book"); setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT); AddressBookToolBar toolBar = new AddressBookToolBar(); add(toolBar, BorderLayout.NORTH); AddressBookStatusBar aStatusBar = new AddressBookStatusBar("5"); add(aStatusBar, BorderLayout.SOUTH); AddressBookForm form = new AddressBookForm(); add(form, BorderLayout.CENTER); } public static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 500; public static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 500; } /* Create toolbar buttons and add buttons to toolbar */ class AddressBookToolBar extends JPanel { public AddressBookToolBar() { setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); JToolBar bar = new JToolBar(); JButton newButton = new JButton("New"); JButton editButton = new JButton("Edit"); JButton deleteButton = new JButton("Delete"); JButton findButton = new JButton("Find"); JButton firstButton = new JButton("First"); JButton previousButton = new JButton("Previous"); JButton nextButton = new JButton("Next"); JButton lastButton = new JButton("Last"); bar.add(newButton); bar.add(editButton); bar.add(deleteButton); bar.add(findButton); bar.add(firstButton); bar.add(previousButton); bar.add(nextButton); bar.add(lastButton); add(bar); } } /* Creates the status bar string */ class AddressBookStatusBar extends JPanel { public AddressBookStatusBar(String statusBarString) { setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); this.statusBarString = new JLabel("Total number of people: " + statusBarString); add(this.statusBarString); } private JLabel statusBarString; private int totalContacts; } class AddressBookForm extends JPanel { public AddressBookForm() { this.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1)); JPanel formPanel = new JPanel(); formPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2)); JTextField firstName = new JTextField(20); JTextField lastName = new JTextField(20); JTextField telephone = new JTextField(20); JTextField email = new JTextField(20); JLabel firstNameLabel = new JLabel("First Name: ", JLabel.LEFT); formPanel.add(firstNameLabel); formPanel.add(firstName); JLabel lastNameLabel = new JLabel("Last Name: ", JLabel.LEFT); formPanel.add(lastNameLabel); formPanel.add(lastName); JLabel telephoneLabel = new JLabel("Telephone: ", JLabel.LEFT); formPanel.add(telephoneLabel); formPanel.add(telephone); JLabel emailLabel = new JLabel("Email: ", JLabel.LEFT); formPanel.add(emailLabel); formPanel.add(email); add(formPanel); JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(); JButton insertButton = new JButton("Insert"); JButton displayButton = new JButton("Display"); // create button actions AddressBookManager insertAction = new AddressBookManager(firstName.getText()); insertButton.addActionListener(insertAction); buttonPanel.add(insertButton); buttonPanel.add(displayButton); add(buttonPanel); } private List<Person> addressList = new ArrayList<Person>(); private class AddressBookManager implements ActionListener { public AddressBookManager(String text) { // addressList.add( setName(text); System.out.println("Test" + text); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.out.println("Hello" + name); } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } private String name; } } Second question is, how do I make my form not take up the whole center space. I don't like the stretch look and was hoping the JTextFields could be just one line long, not a big box. Same thing with the buttons. Any thoughts? Thanks.

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  • XNA 4.0 SpriteBatch.Draw Out Of Memory Exception Thrown

    - by RustyGearGames
    Well, first of all, my guess is that I'm calling the spritebatch.draw() method to many times, but I need to (Or, it's the only way I can figure out how to) Draw my in-game windows. I'll just go ahead and dump my code; using System; using System.Text; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace System.Window { class Window { #region Variables public Texture2D importedTexture; public Texture2D WindowSkin; public RenderTarget2D currentWindow; public RenderTarget2D windowTexture; public Vector2 pos; public int prevWindowWidth; public int prevWindowHeight; public int windowWidth; public int windowHeight; public bool visible; public bool active; public bool drawNew; #region Rectangles public Rectangle clickRect; public Rectangle topLeftRect; public Rectangle topRightRect; public Rectangle buttonRect; public Rectangle botLeftRect; public Rectangle botRightRect; #endregion #endregion public Window() { } public void Initialize(GraphicsDevice g, Texture2D ws, Texture2D it, int w, int h, bool v, bool a) { WindowSkin = ws; importedTexture = it; windowWidth = w; prevWindowWidth = w; windowHeight = h; prevWindowHeight = h; windowTexture = new RenderTarget2D(g, windowWidth, windowHeight); currentWindow = windowTexture; visible = v; active = a; drawNew = true; topLeftRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, 32, 32); topRightRect = new Rectangle(32, 0, 32, 32); buttonRect = new Rectangle(64, 0, 32, 32); botLeftRect = new Rectangle(0, 64, 32, 32); botRightRect = new Rectangle(64, 64, 32, 32); } public void Update(GraphicsDevice g, Vector2 p, int width, int height) { prevWindowWidth = windowWidth; prevWindowHeight = windowHeight; pos = p; windowWidth = width; windowHeight = height; windowTexture = new RenderTarget2D(g, windowWidth+2, windowHeight+2); } public void Draw(SpriteBatch s, GraphicsDevice g) { s.Draw(currentWindow, pos, new Rectangle(0, 0, windowWidth, windowHeight), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } public void DrawNewWindow(SpriteBatch s, GraphicsDevice g) { g.SetRenderTarget(windowTexture); g.Clear(Color.Transparent); s.Begin(); #region Draw Background for (int w = 3; w < (windowWidth); w += 32) { for (int h = 32; h < (windowHeight); h += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(w, h), new Rectangle(32, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } } #endregion s.Draw(importedTexture, new Vector2(3, 32), new Rectangle(0, 0, importedTexture.Width, importedTexture.Height), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); #region Draw resizables for (int i = 32; i < (windowWidth - 64); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(i, 0), new Rectangle(16, 0, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 32; i < (windowWidth - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(i, windowHeight - 32), new Rectangle(32, 64, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 64; i < (windowHeight - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, i), new Rectangle(0, 48, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 64; i < (windowHeight - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, i), new Rectangle(64, 48, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } #endregion #region Draw Corners s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, 0), topLeftRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, 32), new Rectangle(0, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 64, 0), topRightRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, 32), new Rectangle(64, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, 0), buttonRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, windowHeight - 32), botLeftRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, windowHeight - 32), botRightRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); #endregion s.End(); currentWindow = windowTexture; } } } It's all nice and configured for my little windowskin texture, and such. the only problem is that it will get a little laggy, and then completely crash on me about a minute into running it. It throws an Out Of Memory Exception, but I don't know and can't find any other topic or post on this relating to spritebatch. Does anybody have any suggestions on how I can get this working and not take up much memory? I would think this as an easy, cost effective way of drawing a window. I'm just not sure how cut down on my draw calls, or get any of that memory back.

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  • Erroneous/Incorrect C2248 error using Visual Studio 2010

    - by Dylan Bourque
    I'm seeing what I believe to be an erroneous/incorrect compiler error using the Visual Studio 2010 compiler. I'm in the process of up-porting our codebase from Visual Studio 2005 and I ran across a construct that was building correctly before but now generates a C2248 compiler error. Obviously, the code snippet below has been generic-ized, but it is a compilable example of the scenario. The ObjectPtr<T> C++ template comes from our codebase and is the source of the error in question. What appears to be happening is that the compiler is generating a call to the copy constructor for ObjectPtr<T> when it shouldn't (see my comment block in the SomeContainer::Foo() method below). For this code construct, there is a public cast operator for SomeUsefulData * on ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> but it is not being chosen inside the true expression if the ?: operator. Instead, I get the two errors in the block quote below. Based on my knowledge of C++, this code should compile. Has anyone else seen this behavior? If not, can someone point me to a clarification of the compiler resolution rules that would explain why it's attempting to generate a copy of the object in this case? Thanks in advance, Dylan Bourque Visual Studio build output: c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] Below is a minimal, compilable example of the scenario: #include <stdio.h> #include <tchar.h> template<class T> class ObjectPtr { public: ObjectPtr<T> (T* pObj = NULL, bool bShared = false) : m_pObject(pObj), m_bObjectShared(bShared) {} ~ObjectPtr<T> () { Detach(); } private: // private, unimplemented copy constructor and assignment operator // to guarantee that ObjectPtr<T> objects are not copied ObjectPtr<T> (const ObjectPtr<T>&); ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (const ObjectPtr<T>&); public: T * GetObject () { return m_pObject; } const T * GetObject () const { return m_pObject; } bool HasObject () const { return (GetObject()!=NULL); } bool IsObjectShared () const { return m_bObjectShared; } void ObjectShared (bool bShared) { m_bObjectShared = bShared; } bool IsNull () const { return !HasObject(); } void Attach (T* pObj, bool bShared = false) { Detach(); if (pObj != NULL) { m_pObject = pObj; m_bObjectShared = bShared; } } void Detach (T** ppObject = NULL) { if (ppObject != NULL) { *ppObject = m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } else { if (HasObject()) { if (!IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } } void Detach (bool bDeleteIfNotShared) { if (HasObject()) { if (bDeleteIfNotShared && !IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } bool IsEqualTo (const T * pOther) const { return (GetObject() == pOther); } public: T * operator -> () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } const T * operator -> () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } T & operator * () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return *m_pObject; } const T & operator * () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return (const C &)(*m_pObject); } operator T * () { return m_pObject; } operator const T * () const { return m_pObject; } operator bool() const { return (m_pObject!=NULL); } ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (T * pObj) { Attach(pObj, false); return *this; } bool operator == (const T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (const T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator != (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return !IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator == (int pv) const { return (pv==NULL)? IsNull() : (LPVOID(m_pObject)==LPVOID(pv)); } bool operator != (int pv) const { return !(*this == pv); } private: T * m_pObject; bool m_bObjectShared; }; // Some concrete type that holds useful data class SomeUsefulData { public: SomeUsefulData () {} ~SomeUsefulData () {} }; // Some concrete type that holds a heap-allocated instance of // SomeUsefulData class SomeContainer { public: SomeContainer (SomeUsefulData* pUsefulData) { m_pData = pUsefulData; } ~SomeContainer () { // nothing to do here } public: bool EvaluateSomeCondition () { // fake condition check to give us an expression // to use in ?: operator below return true; } SomeUsefulData* Foo () { // this usage of the ?: operator generates a C2248 // error b/c it's attempting to call the copy // constructor on ObjectPtr<T> return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? m_pData : NULL; /**********[ DISCUSSION ]********** The following equivalent constructs compile w/out error and behave correctly: (1) explicit cast to SomeUsefulData* as a comiler hint return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? (SomeUsefulData *)m_pData : NULL; (2) if/else instead of ?: if (EvaluateSomeCondition()) return m_pData; else return NULL; (3) skip the condition check and return m_pData as a SomeUsefulData* directly return m_pData; **********[ END DISCUSSION ]**********/ } private: ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> m_pData; }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { return 0; }

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  • How to set message when I get Exception

    - by user1748932
    public class XMLParser { // constructor public XMLParser() { } public String getXmlFromUrl(String url) { String responseBody = null; getset d1 = new getset(); String d = d1.getData(); // text String y = d1.getYear(); // year String c = d1.getCircular(); String p = d1.getPage(); List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("YearID", y)); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("CircularNo", c)); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("SearchText", d)); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pagenumber", p)); try { HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs)); HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(entity); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // return XML return responseBody; } public Document getDomElement(String xml) { Document doc = null; DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); try { DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); InputSource is = new InputSource(); is.setCharacterStream(new StringReader(xml)); doc = db.parse(is); } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage()); return null; } catch (SAXException e) { Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage()); // i m getting Exception here return null; } catch (IOException e) { Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage()); return null; } return doc; } /** * Getting node value * * @param elem * element */ public final String getElementValue(Node elem) { Node child; if (elem != null) { if (elem.hasChildNodes()) { for (child = elem.getFirstChild(); child != null; child = child .getNextSibling()) { if (child.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) { return child.getNodeValue(); } } } } return ""; } /** * Getting node value * * @param Element * node * @param key * string * */ public String getValue(Element item, String str) { NodeList n = item.getElementsByTagName(str); return this.getElementValue(n.item(0)); } } I am getting Exception in this class for parsing data. I want print this message in another class which extends from Activity. Can you please tell me how? I tried much but not able to do.. public class AndroidXMLParsingActivity extends Activity { public int currentPage = 1; public ListView lisView1; static final String KEY_ITEM = "docdetails"; static final String KEY_NAME = "heading"; public Button btnNext; public Button btnPre; public static String url = "http://dev.taxmann.com/TaxmannService/TaxmannService.asmx/GetNotificationList"; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); // listView1 lisView1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1); // Next btnNext = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnNext); // Perform action on click btnNext.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { currentPage = currentPage + 1; ShowData(); } }); // Previous btnPre = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPre); // Perform action on click btnPre.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { currentPage = currentPage - 1; ShowData(); } }); ShowData(); } public void ShowData() { XMLParser parser = new XMLParser(); String xml = parser.getXmlFromUrl(url); // getting XML Document doc = parser.getDomElement(xml); // getting DOM element NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName(KEY_ITEM); int displayPerPage = 5; // Per Page int TotalRows = nl.getLength(); int indexRowStart = ((displayPerPage * currentPage) - displayPerPage); int TotalPage = 0; if (TotalRows <= displayPerPage) { TotalPage = 1; } else if ((TotalRows % displayPerPage) == 0) { TotalPage = (TotalRows / displayPerPage); } else { TotalPage = (TotalRows / displayPerPage) + 1; // 7 TotalPage = (int) TotalPage; // 7 } int indexRowEnd = displayPerPage * currentPage; // 5 if (indexRowEnd > TotalRows) { indexRowEnd = TotalRows; } // Disabled Button Next if (currentPage >= TotalPage) { btnNext.setEnabled(false); } else { btnNext.setEnabled(true); } // Disabled Button Previos if (currentPage <= 1) { btnPre.setEnabled(false); } else { btnPre.setEnabled(true); } // Load Data from Index int RowID = 1; ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> menuItems = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); HashMap<String, String> map; // RowID if (currentPage > 1) { RowID = (displayPerPage * (currentPage - 1)) + 1; } for (int i = indexRowStart; i < indexRowEnd; i++) { Element e = (Element) nl.item(i); // adding each child node to HashMap key => value map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("RowID", String.valueOf(RowID)); map.put(KEY_NAME, parser.getValue(e, KEY_NAME)); // adding HashList to ArrayList menuItems.add(map); RowID = RowID + 1; } SimpleAdapter sAdap; sAdap = new SimpleAdapter(AndroidXMLParsingActivity.this, menuItems, R.layout.list_item, new String[] { "RowID", KEY_NAME }, new int[] { R.id.ColRowID, R.id.ColName }); lisView1.setAdapter(sAdap); } } This my class where I want to Print that message

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  • Dynamic JSON Parsing in .NET with JsonValue

    - by Rick Strahl
    So System.Json has been around for a while in Silverlight, but it's relatively new for the desktop .NET framework and now moving into the lime-light with the pending release of ASP.NET Web API which is bringing a ton of attention to server side JSON usage. The JsonValue, JsonObject and JsonArray objects are going to be pretty useful for Web API applications as they allow you dynamically create and parse JSON values without explicit .NET types to serialize from or into. But even more so I think JsonValue et al. are going to be very useful when consuming JSON APIs from various services. Yes I know C# is strongly typed, why in the world would you want to use dynamic values? So many times I've needed to retrieve a small morsel of information from a large service JSON response and rather than having to map the entire type structure of what that service returns, JsonValue actually allows me to cherry pick and only work with the values I'm interested in, without having to explicitly create everything up front. With JavaScriptSerializer or DataContractJsonSerializer you always need to have a strong type to de-serialize JSON data into. Wouldn't it be nice if no explicit type was required and you could just parse the JSON directly using a very easy to use object syntax? That's exactly what JsonValue, JsonObject and JsonArray accomplish using a JSON parser and some sweet use of dynamic sauce to make it easy to access in code. Creating JSON on the fly with JsonValue Let's start with creating JSON on the fly. It's super easy to create a dynamic object structure. JsonValue uses the dynamic  keyword extensively to make it intuitive to create object structures and turn them into JSON via dynamic object syntax. Here's an example of creating a music album structure with child songs using JsonValue:[TestMethod] public void JsonValueOutputTest() { // strong type instance var jsonObject = new JsonObject(); // dynamic expando instance you can add properties to dynamic album = jsonObject; album.AlbumName = "Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"; album.Artist = "AC/DC"; album.YearReleased = 1977; album.Songs = new JsonArray() as dynamic; dynamic song = new JsonObject(); song.SongName = "Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"; song.SongLength = "4:11"; album.Songs.Add(song); song = new JsonObject(); song.SongName = "Love at First Feel"; song.SongLength = "3:10"; album.Songs.Add(song); Console.WriteLine(album.ToString()); } This produces proper JSON just as you would expect: {"AlbumName":"Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap","Artist":"AC\/DC","YearReleased":1977,"Songs":[{"SongName":"Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap","SongLength":"4:11"},{"SongName":"Love at First Feel","SongLength":"3:10"}]} The important thing about this code is that there's no explicitly type that is used for holding the values to serialize to JSON. I am essentially creating this value structure on the fly by adding properties and then serialize it to JSON. This means this code can be entirely driven at runtime without compile time restraints of structure for the JSON output. Here I use JsonObject() to create a new object and immediately cast it to dynamic. JsonObject() is kind of similar in behavior to ExpandoObject in that it allows you to add properties by simply assigning to them. Internally, JsonValue/JsonObject these values are stored in pseudo collections of key value pairs that are exposed as properties through the DynamicObject functionality in .NET. The syntax gets a little tedious only if you need to create child objects or arrays that have to be explicitly defined first. Other than that the syntax looks like normal object access sytnax. Always remember though these values are dynamic - which means no Intellisense and no compiler type checking. It's up to you to ensure that the values you create are accessed consistently and without typos in your code. Note that you can also access the JsonValue instance directly and get access to the underlying type. This means you can assign properties by string, which can be useful for fully data driven JSON generation from other structures. Below you can see both styles of access next to each other:// strong type instance var jsonObject = new JsonObject(); // you can explicitly add values here jsonObject.Add("Entered", DateTime.Now); // expando style instance you can just 'use' properties dynamic album = jsonObject; album.AlbumName = "Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"; JsonValue internally stores properties keys and values in collections and you can iterate over them at runtime. You can also manipulate the collections if you need to to get the object structure to look exactly like you want. Again, if you've used ExpandoObject before JsonObject/Value are very similar in the behavior of the structure. Reading JSON strings into JsonValue The JsonValue structure supports importing JSON via the Parse() and Load() methods which can read JSON data from a string or various streams respectively. Essentially JsonValue includes the core JSON parsing to turn a JSON string into a collection of JsonValue objects that can be then referenced using familiar dynamic object syntax. Here's a simple example:[TestMethod] public void JsonValueParsingTest() { var jsonString = @"{""Name"":""Rick"",""Company"":""West Wind"",""Entered"":""2012-03-16T00:03:33.245-10:00""}"; dynamic json = JsonValue.Parse(jsonString); // values require casting string name = json.Name; string company = json.Company; DateTime entered = json.Entered; Assert.AreEqual(name, "Rick"); Assert.AreEqual(company, "West Wind"); } The JSON string represents an object with three properties which is parsed into a JsonValue object and cast to dynamic. Once cast to dynamic I can then go ahead and access the object using familiar object syntax. Note that the actual values - json.Name, json.Company, json.Entered - are actually of type JsonPrimitive and I have to assign them to their appropriate types first before I can do type comparisons. The dynamic properties will automatically cast to the right type expected as long as the compiler can resolve the type of the assignment or usage. The AreEqual() method oesn't as it expects two object instances and comparing json.Company to "West Wind" is comparing two different types (JsonPrimitive to String) which fails. So the intermediary assignment is required to make the test pass. The JSON structure can be much more complex than this simple example. Here's another example of an array of albums serialized to JSON and then parsed through with JsonValue():[TestMethod] public void JsonArrayParsingTest() { var jsonString = @"[ { ""Id"": ""b3ec4e5c"", ""AlbumName"": ""Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"", ""Artist"": ""AC/DC"", ""YearReleased"": 1977, ""Entered"": ""2012-03-16T00:13:12.2810521-10:00"", ""AlbumImageUrl"": ""http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/61kTaH-uZBL._AA115_.jpg"", ""AmazonUrl"": ""http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00008BXJ4/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=westwindtechn-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B00008BXJ4"", ""Songs"": [ { ""AlbumId"": ""b3ec4e5c"", ""SongName"": ""Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"", ""SongLength"": ""4:11"" }, { ""AlbumId"": ""b3ec4e5c"", ""SongName"": ""Love at First Feel"", ""SongLength"": ""3:10"" }, { ""AlbumId"": ""b3ec4e5c"", ""SongName"": ""Big Balls"", ""SongLength"": ""2:38"" } ] }, { ""Id"": ""67280fb8"", ""AlbumName"": ""Echoes, Silence, Patience & Grace"", ""Artist"": ""Foo Fighters"", ""YearReleased"": 2007, ""Entered"": ""2012-03-16T00:13:12.2810521-10:00"", ""AlbumImageUrl"": ""http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41mtlesQPVL._SL500_AA280_.jpg"", ""AmazonUrl"": ""http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000UFAURI/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=westwindtechn-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B000UFAURI"", ""Songs"": [ { ""AlbumId"": ""67280fb8"", ""SongName"": ""The Pretender"", ""SongLength"": ""4:29"" }, { ""AlbumId"": ""67280fb8"", ""SongName"": ""Let it Die"", ""SongLength"": ""4:05"" }, { ""AlbumId"": ""67280fb8"", ""SongName"": ""Erase/Replay"", ""SongLength"": ""4:13"" } ] }, { ""Id"": ""7b919432"", ""AlbumName"": ""End of the Silence"", ""Artist"": ""Henry Rollins Band"", ""YearReleased"": 1992, ""Entered"": ""2012-03-16T00:13:12.2800521-10:00"", ""AlbumImageUrl"": ""http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51FO3rb1tuL._SL160_AA160_.jpg"", ""AmazonUrl"": ""http://www.amazon.com/End-Silence-Rollins-Band/dp/B0000040OX/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&qid=1302232195&sr=8-5"", ""Songs"": [ { ""AlbumId"": ""7b919432"", ""SongName"": ""Low Self Opinion"", ""SongLength"": ""5:24"" }, { ""AlbumId"": ""7b919432"", ""SongName"": ""Grip"", ""SongLength"": ""4:51"" } ] } ]"; dynamic albums = JsonValue.Parse(jsonString); foreach (dynamic album in albums) { Console.WriteLine(album.AlbumName + " (" + album.YearReleased.ToString() + ")"); foreach (dynamic song in album.Songs) { Console.WriteLine("\t" + song.SongName ); } } Console.WriteLine(albums[0].AlbumName); Console.WriteLine(albums[0].Songs[1].SongName);}   It's pretty sweet how easy it becomes to parse even complex JSON and then just run through the object using object syntax, yet without an explicit type in the mix. In fact it looks and feels a lot like if you were using JavaScript to parse through this data, doesn't it? And that's the point…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in .NET  Web Api  JSON   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Version Assemblies with TFS 2010 Continuous Integration

    - by Steve Michelotti
    When I first heard that TFS 2010 had moved to Workflow Foundation for Team Build, I was *extremely* skeptical. I’ve loved MSBuild and didn’t quite understand the reasons for this change. In fact, given that I’ve been exclusively using Cruise Control for Continuous Integration (CI) for the last 5+ years of my career, I was skeptical of TFS for CI in general. However, after going through the learning process for TFS 2010 recently, I’m starting to become a believer. I’m also starting to see some of the benefits with Workflow Foundation for the overall processing because it gives you constructs not available in MSBuild such as parallel tasks, better control flow constructs, and a slightly better customization story. The first customization I had to make to the build process was to version the assemblies of my solution. This is not new. In fact, I’d recommend reading Mike Fourie’s well known post on Versioning Code in TFS before you get started. This post describes several foundational aspects of versioning assemblies regardless of your version of TFS. The main points are: 1) don’t use source control operations for your version file, 2) use a schema like <Major>.<Minor>.<IncrementalNumber>.0, and 3) do not keep AssemblyVersion and AssemblyFileVersion in sync. To do this in TFS 2010, the best post I’ve found has been Jim Lamb’s post of building a custom TFS 2010 workflow activity. Overall, this post is excellent but the primary issue I have with it is that the assembly version numbers produced are based in a date and look like this: “2010.5.15.1”. This is definitely not what I want. I want to be able to communicate to the developers and stakeholders that we are producing the “1.1 release” or “1.2 release” – which would have an assembly version number of “1.1.317.0” for example. In this post, I’ll walk through the process of customizing the assembly version number based on this method – customizing the concepts in Lamb’s post to suit my needs. I’ll also be combining this with the concepts of Fourie’s post – particularly with regards to the standards around how to version the assemblies. The first thing I’ll do is add a file called SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs to the root of my solution that looks like this: 1: using System; 2: using System.Reflection; 3: [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.1.0.0")] 4: [assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.1.0.0")] I’ll then add that file as a Visual Studio link file to each project in my solution by right-clicking the project, “Add – Existing Item…” then when I click the SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs file, making sure I “Add As Link”: Now the Solution Explorer will show our file. We can see that it’s a “link” file because of the black arrow in the icon within all our projects. Of course you’ll need to remove the AssemblyVersion and AssemblyFileVersion attributes from the AssemblyInfo.cs files to avoid the duplicate attributes since they now leave in the SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs file. This is an extremely common technique so that all the projects in our solution can be versioned as a unit. At this point, we’re ready to write our custom activity. The primary consideration is that I want the developer and/or tech lead to be able to easily be in control of the Major.Minor and then I want the CI process to add the third number with a unique incremental number. We’ll leave the fourth position always “0” for now – it’s held in reserve in case the day ever comes where we need to do an emergency patch to Production based on a branched version.   Writing the Custom Workflow Activity Similar to Lamb’s post, I’m going to write two custom workflow activities. The “outer” activity (a xaml activity) will be pretty straight forward. It will check if the solution version file exists in the solution root and, if so, delegate the replacement of version to the AssemblyVersionInfo activity which is a CodeActivity highlighted in red below:   Notice that the arguments of this activity are the “solutionVersionFile” and “tfsBuildNumber” which will be passed in. The tfsBuildNumber passed in will look something like this: “CI_MyApplication.4” and we’ll need to grab the “4” (i.e., the incremental revision number) and put that in the third position. Then we’ll need to honor whatever was specified for Major.Minor in the SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs file. For example, if the SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs file had “1.1.0.0” for the AssemblyVersion (as shown in the first code block near the beginning of this post), then we want to resulting file to have “1.1.4.0”. Before we do anything, let’s put together a unit test for all this so we can know if we get it right: 1: [TestMethod] 2: public void Assembly_version_should_be_parsed_correctly_from_build_name() 3: { 4: // arrange 5: const string versionFile = "SolutionAssemblyVersionInfo.cs"; 6: WriteTestVersionFile(versionFile); 7: var activity = new VersionAssemblies(); 8: var arguments = new Dictionary<string, object> { 9: { "tfsBuildNumber", "CI_MyApplication.4"}, 10: { "solutionVersionFile", versionFile} 11: }; 12:   13: // act 14: var result = WorkflowInvoker.Invoke(activity, arguments); 15:   16: // assert 17: Assert.AreEqual("1.2.4.0", (string)result["newAssemblyFileVersion"]); 18: var lines = File.ReadAllLines(versionFile); 19: Assert.IsTrue(lines.Contains("[assembly: AssemblyVersion(\"1.2.0.0\")]")); 20: Assert.IsTrue(lines.Contains("[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion(\"1.2.4.0\")]")); 21: } 22: 23: private void WriteTestVersionFile(string versionFile) 24: { 25: var fileContents = "using System.Reflection;\n" + 26: "[assembly: AssemblyVersion(\"1.2.0.0\")]\n" + 27: "[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion(\"1.2.0.0\")]"; 28: File.WriteAllText(versionFile, fileContents); 29: }   At this point, the code for our AssemblyVersion activity is pretty straight forward: 1: [BuildActivity(HostEnvironmentOption.Agent)] 2: public class AssemblyVersionInfo : CodeActivity 3: { 4: [RequiredArgument] 5: public InArgument<string> FileName { get; set; } 6:   7: [RequiredArgument] 8: public InArgument<string> TfsBuildNumber { get; set; } 9:   10: public OutArgument<string> NewAssemblyFileVersion { get; set; } 11:   12: protected override void Execute(CodeActivityContext context) 13: { 14: var solutionVersionFile = this.FileName.Get(context); 15: 16: // Ensure that the file is writeable 17: var fileAttributes = File.GetAttributes(solutionVersionFile); 18: File.SetAttributes(solutionVersionFile, fileAttributes & ~FileAttributes.ReadOnly); 19:   20: // Prepare assembly versions 21: var majorMinor = GetAssemblyMajorMinorVersionBasedOnExisting(solutionVersionFile); 22: var newBuildNumber = GetNewBuildNumber(this.TfsBuildNumber.Get(context)); 23: var newAssemblyVersion = string.Format("{0}.{1}.0.0", majorMinor.Item1, majorMinor.Item2); 24: var newAssemblyFileVersion = string.Format("{0}.{1}.{2}.0", majorMinor.Item1, majorMinor.Item2, newBuildNumber); 25: this.NewAssemblyFileVersion.Set(context, newAssemblyFileVersion); 26:   27: // Perform the actual replacement 28: var contents = this.GetFileContents(newAssemblyVersion, newAssemblyFileVersion); 29: File.WriteAllText(solutionVersionFile, contents); 30:   31: // Restore the file's original attributes 32: File.SetAttributes(solutionVersionFile, fileAttributes); 33: } 34:   35: #region Private Methods 36:   37: private string GetFileContents(string newAssemblyVersion, string newAssemblyFileVersion) 38: { 39: var cs = new StringBuilder(); 40: cs.AppendLine("using System.Reflection;"); 41: cs.AppendFormat("[assembly: AssemblyVersion(\"{0}\")]", newAssemblyVersion); 42: cs.AppendLine(); 43: cs.AppendFormat("[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion(\"{0}\")]", newAssemblyFileVersion); 44: return cs.ToString(); 45: } 46:   47: private Tuple<string, string> GetAssemblyMajorMinorVersionBasedOnExisting(string filePath) 48: { 49: var lines = File.ReadAllLines(filePath); 50: var versionLine = lines.Where(x => x.Contains("AssemblyVersion")).FirstOrDefault(); 51:   52: if (versionLine == null) 53: { 54: throw new InvalidOperationException("File does not contain [assembly: AssemblyVersion] attribute"); 55: } 56:   57: return ExtractMajorMinor(versionLine); 58: } 59:   60: private static Tuple<string, string> ExtractMajorMinor(string versionLine) 61: { 62: var firstQuote = versionLine.IndexOf('"') + 1; 63: var secondQuote = versionLine.IndexOf('"', firstQuote); 64: var version = versionLine.Substring(firstQuote, secondQuote - firstQuote); 65: var versionParts = version.Split('.'); 66: return new Tuple<string, string>(versionParts[0], versionParts[1]); 67: } 68:   69: private string GetNewBuildNumber(string buildName) 70: { 71: return buildName.Substring(buildName.LastIndexOf(".") + 1); 72: } 73:   74: #endregion 75: }   At this point the final step is to incorporate this activity into the overall build template. Make a copy of the DefaultTempate.xaml – we’ll call it DefaultTemplateWithVersioning.xaml. Before the build and labeling happens, drag the VersionAssemblies activity in. Then set the LabelName variable to “BuildDetail.BuildDefinition.Name + "-" + newAssemblyFileVersion since the newAssemblyFileVersion was produced by our activity.   Configuring CI Once you add your solution to source control, you can configure CI with the build definition window as shown here. The main difference is that we’ll change the Process tab to reflect a different build number format and choose our custom build process file:   When the build completes, we’ll see the name of our project with the unique revision number:   If we look at the detailed build log for the latest build, we’ll see the label being created with our custom task:     We can now look at the history labels in TFS and see the project name with the labels (the Assignment activity I added to the workflow):   Finally, if we look at the physical assemblies that are produced, we can right-click on any assembly in Windows Explorer and see the assembly version in its properties:   Full Traceability We now have full traceability for our code. There will never be a question of what code was deployed to Production. You can always see the assembly version in the properties of the physical assembly. That can be traced back to a label in TFS where the unique revision number matches. The label in TFS gives you the complete snapshot of the code in your source control repository at the time the code was built. This type of process for full traceability has been used for many years for CI – in fact, I’ve done similar things with CCNet and SVN for quite some time. This is simply the TFS implementation of that pattern. The new features that TFS 2010 give you to make these types of customizations in your build process are quite easy once you get over the initial curve.

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  • Parallelism in .NET – Part 11, Divide and Conquer via Parallel.Invoke

    - by Reed
    Many algorithms are easily written to work via recursion.  For example, most data-oriented tasks where a tree of data must be processed are much more easily handled by starting at the root, and recursively “walking” the tree.  Some algorithms work this way on flat data structures, such as arrays, as well.  This is a form of divide and conquer: an algorithm design which is based around breaking up a set of work recursively, “dividing” the total work in each recursive step, and “conquering” the work when the remaining work is small enough to be solved easily. Recursive algorithms, especially ones based on a form of divide and conquer, are often a very good candidate for parallelization. This is apparent from a common sense standpoint.  Since we’re dividing up the total work in the algorithm, we have an obvious, built-in partitioning scheme.  Once partitioned, the data can be worked upon independently, so there is good, clean isolation of data. Implementing this type of algorithm is fairly simple.  The Parallel class in .NET 4 includes a method suited for this type of operation: Parallel.Invoke.  This method works by taking any number of delegates defined as an Action, and operating them all in parallel.  The method returns when every delegate has completed: Parallel.Invoke( () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 1 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }, () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 2 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }, () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 3 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } ); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Running this simple example demonstrates the ease of using this method.  For example, on my system, I get three separate thread IDs when running the above code.  By allowing any number of delegates to be executed directly, concurrently, the Parallel.Invoke method provides us an easy way to parallelize any algorithm based on divide and conquer.  We can divide our work in each step, and execute each task in parallel, recursively. For example, suppose we wanted to implement our own quicksort routine.  The quicksort algorithm can be designed based on divide and conquer.  In each iteration, we pick a pivot point, and use that to partition the total array.  We swap the elements around the pivot, then recursively sort the lists on each side of the pivot.  For example, let’s look at this simple, sequential implementation of quicksort: public static void QuickSort<T>(T[] array) where T : IComparable<T> { QuickSortInternal(array, 0, array.Length - 1); } private static void QuickSortInternal<T>(T[] array, int left, int right) where T : IComparable<T> { if (left >= right) { return; } SwapElements(array, left, (left + right) / 2); int last = left; for (int current = left + 1; current <= right; ++current) { if (array[current].CompareTo(array[left]) < 0) { ++last; SwapElements(array, last, current); } } SwapElements(array, left, last); QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1); QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right); } static void SwapElements<T>(T[] array, int i, int j) { T temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = temp; } Here, we implement the quicksort algorithm in a very common, divide and conquer approach.  Running this against the built-in Array.Sort routine shows that we get the exact same answers (although the framework’s sort routine is slightly faster).  On my system, for example, I can use framework’s sort to sort ten million random doubles in about 7.3s, and this implementation takes about 9.3s on average. Looking at this routine, though, there is a clear opportunity to parallelize.  At the end of QuickSortInternal, we recursively call into QuickSortInternal with each partition of the array after the pivot is chosen.  This can be rewritten to use Parallel.Invoke by simply changing it to: // Code above is unchanged... SwapElements(array, left, last); Parallel.Invoke( () => QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1), () => QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right) ); } This routine will now run in parallel.  When executing, we now see the CPU usage across all cores spike while it executes.  However, there is a significant problem here – by parallelizing this routine, we took it from an execution time of 9.3s to an execution time of approximately 14 seconds!  We’re using more resources as seen in the CPU usage, but the overall result is a dramatic slowdown in overall processing time. This occurs because parallelization adds overhead.  Each time we split this array, we spawn two new tasks to parallelize this algorithm!  This is far, far too many tasks for our cores to operate upon at a single time.  In effect, we’re “over-parallelizing” this routine.  This is a common problem when working with divide and conquer algorithms, and leads to an important observation: When parallelizing a recursive routine, take special care not to add more tasks than necessary to fully utilize your system. This can be done with a few different approaches, in this case.  Typically, the way to handle this is to stop parallelizing the routine at a certain point, and revert back to the serial approach.  Since the first few recursions will all still be parallelized, our “deeper” recursive tasks will be running in parallel, and can take full advantage of the machine.  This also dramatically reduces the overhead added by parallelizing, since we’re only adding overhead for the first few recursive calls.  There are two basic approaches we can take here.  The first approach would be to look at the total work size, and if it’s smaller than a specific threshold, revert to our serial implementation.  In this case, we could just check right-left, and if it’s under a threshold, call the methods directly instead of using Parallel.Invoke. The second approach is to track how “deep” in the “tree” we are currently at, and if we are below some number of levels, stop parallelizing.  This approach is a more general-purpose approach, since it works on routines which parse trees as well as routines working off of a single array, but may not work as well if a poor partitioning strategy is chosen or the tree is not balanced evenly. This can be written very easily.  If we pass a maxDepth parameter into our internal routine, we can restrict the amount of times we parallelize by changing the recursive call to: // Code above is unchanged... SwapElements(array, left, last); if (maxDepth < 1) { QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1, maxDepth); QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right, maxDepth); } else { --maxDepth; Parallel.Invoke( () => QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1, maxDepth), () => QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right, maxDepth)); } We no longer allow this to parallelize indefinitely – only to a specific depth, at which time we revert to a serial implementation.  By starting the routine with a maxDepth equal to Environment.ProcessorCount, we can restrict the total amount of parallel operations significantly, but still provide adequate work for each processing core. With this final change, my timings are much better.  On average, I get the following timings: Framework via Array.Sort: 7.3 seconds Serial Quicksort Implementation: 9.3 seconds Naive Parallel Implementation: 14 seconds Parallel Implementation Restricting Depth: 4.7 seconds Finally, we are now faster than the framework’s Array.Sort implementation.

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  • Ajax Control Toolkit May 2012 Release

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I’m happy to announce the May 2012 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit. This newest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit includes a new file upload control which displays file upload progress. We’ve also added several significant enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control such as support for uploading images and Source View. You can download and start using the newest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit by entering the following command in the Library Package Manager console in Visual Studio: Install-Package AjaxControlToolkit Alternatively, you can download the latest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit from CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com The New Ajax File Upload Control The most requested new feature for the Ajax Control Toolkit (according to the CodePlex Issue Tracker) has been support for file upload with progress. We worked hard over the last few months to create an entirely new file upload control which displays upload progress. Here is a sample which illustrates how you can use the new AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="01_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._01_FileUpload" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Simple File Upload</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager control. This control is required to use any of the controls in the Ajax Control Toolkit because this control is responsible for loading all of the scripts required by a control. The page also contains an AjaxFileUpload control. The UploadComplete event is handled in the code-behind for the page: namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _01_FileUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxControlToolkit.AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save upload file to the file system ajaxUpload1.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); } } } The UploadComplete handler saves each uploaded file by calling the AjaxFileUpload control’s SaveAs() method with a full file path. Here’s a video which illustrates the process of uploading a file: Warning: in order to write to the Images folder on a production IIS server, you need Write permissions on the Images folder. You need to provide permissions for the IIS Application Pool account to write to the Images folder. To learn more, see: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/624/application-pool-identities/ Showing File Upload Progress The new AjaxFileUpload control takes advantage of HTML5 upload progress events (described in the XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard). This standard is supported by Firefox 8+, Chrome 16+, Safari 5+, and Internet Explorer 10+. In other words, the standard is supported by the most recent versions of all browsers except for Internet Explorer which will support the standard with the release of Internet Explorer 10. The AjaxFileUpload control works with all browsers, even browsers which do not support the new XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard. If you use the AjaxFileUpload control with a downlevel browser – such as Internet Explorer 9 — then you get a simple throbber image during a file upload instead of a progress indicator. Here’s how you specify a throbber image when declaring the AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="02_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._02_FileUpload" %> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>File Upload with Throbber</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="MyThrobber" runat="server" /> <asp:Image id="MyThrobber" ImageUrl="ajax-loader.gif" Style="display:None" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> Notice that the page above includes an image with the Id MyThrobber. This image is displayed while files are being uploaded. I use the website http://AjaxLoad.info to generate animated busy wait images. Drag-And-Drop File Upload If you are using an uplevel browser then you can drag-and-drop the files which you want to upload onto the AjaxFileUpload control. The following video illustrates how drag-and-drop works: Remember that drag-and-drop will not work on Internet Explorer 9 or older. Accepting Multiple Files By default, the AjaxFileUpload control enables you to upload multiple files at a time. When you open the file dialog, use the CTRL or SHIFT key to select multiple files. If you want to restrict the number of files that can be uploaded then use the MaximumNumberOfFiles property like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" MaximumNumberOfFiles="1" runat="server" /> In the code above, the maximum number of files which can be uploaded is restricted to a single file. Restricting Uploaded File Types You might want to allow only certain types of files to be uploaded. For example, you might want to accept only image uploads. In that case, you can use the AllowedFileTypes property to provide a list of allowed file types like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" AllowedFileTypes="jpg,jpeg,gif,png" runat="server" /> The code above prevents any files except jpeg, gif, and png files from being uploaded. Enhancements to the HTMLEditorExtender Over the past months, we spent a considerable amount of time making bug fixes and feature enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control. I want to focus on two of the most significant enhancements that we made to the control: support for Source View and support for uploading images. Adding Source View Support to the HtmlEditorExtender When you click the Source View tag, the HtmlEditorExtender changes modes and displays the HTML source of the contents contained in the TextBox being extended. You can use Source View to make fine-grain changes to HTML before submitting the HTML to the server. For reasons of backwards compatibility, the Source View tab is disabled by default. To enable Source View, you need to declare your HtmlEditorExtender with the DisplaySourceTab property like this: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="05_SourceView.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._05_SourceView" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>HtmlEditorExtender with Source View</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox id="txtComments" TextMode="MultiLine" Columns="60" Rows="10" Runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="HEE1" TargetControlID="txtComments" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager, TextBox, and HtmlEditorExtender control. The HtmlEditorExtender extends the TextBox so that it supports rich text editing. Notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes a DisplaySourceTab property. This property causes a button to appear at the bottom of the HtmlEditorExtender which enables you to switch to Source View: Note: when using the HtmlEditorExtender, we recommend that you set the DOCTYPE for the document. Otherwise, you can encounter weird formatting issues. Accepting Image Uploads We also enhanced the HtmlEditorExtender to support image uploads (another very highly requested feature at CodePlex). The following video illustrates the experience of adding an image to the editor: Once again, for backwards compatibility reasons, support for image uploads is disabled by default. Here’s how you can declare the HtmlEditorExtender so that it supports image uploads: <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="MyHtmlEditorExtender" TargetControlID="txtComments" OnImageUploadComplete="MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" > <Toolbar> <ajaxToolkit:Bold /> <ajaxToolkit:Italic /> <ajaxToolkit:Underline /> <ajaxToolkit:InsertImage /> </Toolbar> </ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender> There are two things that you should notice about the code above. First, notice that an InsertImage toolbar button is added to the HtmlEditorExtender toolbar. This HtmlEditorExtender will render toolbar buttons for bold, italic, underline, and insert image. Second, notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes an event handler for the ImageUploadComplete event. The code for this event handler is below: using System.Web.UI; using AjaxControlToolkit; namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _06_ImageUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save uploaded file to the file system var ajaxFileUpload = (AjaxFileUpload)sender; ajaxFileUpload.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); // Update client with saved image path e.PostedUrl = Page.ResolveUrl(filePath); } } } Within the ImageUploadComplete event handler, you need to do two things: 1) Save the uploaded image (for example, to the file system, a database, or Azure storage) 2) Provide the URL to the saved image so the image can be displayed within the HtmlEditorExtender In the code above, the uploaded image is saved to the ~/Images folder. The path of the saved image is returned to the client by setting the AjaxFileUploadEventArgs PostedUrl property. Not surprisingly, under the covers, the HtmlEditorExtender uses the AjaxFileUpload. You can get a direct reference to the AjaxFileUpload control used by an HtmlEditorExtender by using the following code: void Page_Load() { var ajaxFileUpload = MyHtmlEditorExtender.AjaxFileUpload; ajaxFileUpload.AllowedFileTypes = "jpg,jpeg"; } The code above illustrates how you can restrict the types of images that can be uploaded to the HtmlEditorExtender. This code prevents anything but jpeg images from being uploaded. Summary This was the most difficult release of the Ajax Control Toolkit to date. We iterated through several designs for the AjaxFileUpload control – with each iteration, the goal was to make the AjaxFileUpload control easier for developers to use. My hope is that we were able to create a control which Web Forms developers will find very intuitive. I want to thank the developers on the Superexpert.com team for their hard work on this release.

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  • GuestPost: Unit Testing Entity Framework (v1) Dependent Code using TypeMock Isolator

    - by Eric Nelson
    Time for another guest post (check out others in the series), this time bringing together the world of mocking with the world of Entity Framework. A big thanks to Moses for agreeing to do this. Unit Testing Entity Framework Dependent Code using TypeMock Isolator by Muhammad Mosa Introduction Unit testing data access code in my opinion is a challenging thing. Let us consider unit tests and integration tests. In integration tests you are allowed to have environmental dependencies such as a physical database connection to insert, update, delete or retrieve your data. However when performing unit tests it is often much more efficient and productive to remove environmental dependencies. Instead you will need to fake these dependencies. Faking a database (also known as mocking) can be relatively straight forward but the version of Entity Framework released with .Net 3.5 SP1 has a number of implementation specifics which actually makes faking the existence of a database quite difficult. Faking Entity Framework As mentioned earlier, to effectively unit test you will need to fake/simulate Entity Framework calls to the database. There are many free open source mocking frameworks that can help you achieve this but it will require additional effort to overcome & workaround a number of limitations in those frameworks. Examples of these limitations include: Not able to fake calls to non virtual methods Not able to fake sealed classes Not able to fake LINQ to Entities queries (replace database calls with in-memory collection calls) There is a mocking framework which is flexible enough to handle limitations such as those above. The commercially available TypeMock Isolator can do the job for you with less code and ultimately more readable unit tests. I’m going to demonstrate tackling one of those limitations using MoQ as my mocking framework. Then I will tackle the same issue using TypeMock Isolator. Mocking Entity Framework with MoQ One basic need when faking Entity Framework is to fake the ObjectContext. This cannot be done by passing any connection string. You have to pass a correct Entity Framework connection string that specifies CSDL, SSDL and MSL locations along with a provider connection string. Assuming we are going to do that, we’ll explore another limitation. The limitation we are going to face now is related to not being able to fake calls to non-virtual/overridable members with MoQ. I have the following repository method that adds an EntityObject (instance of a Blog entity) to Blogs entity set in an ObjectContext. public override void Add(Blog blog) { if(BlogContext.Blogs.Any(b=>b.Name == blog.Name)) { throw new InvalidOperationException("Blog with same name already exists!"); } BlogContext.AddToBlogs(blog); } The method does a very simple check that the name of the new Blog entity instance doesn’t exist. This is done through the simple LINQ query above. If the blog doesn’t already exist it simply adds it to the current context to be saved when SaveChanges of the ObjectContext instance (e.g. BlogContext) is called. However, if a blog with the same name exits, and exception (InvalideOperationException) will be thrown. Let us now create a unit test for the Add method using MoQ. [TestMethod] [ExpectedException(typeof(InvalidOperationException))] public void Add_Should_Throw_InvalidOperationException_When_Blog_With_Same_Name_Already_Exits() { //(1) We shouldn't depend on configuration when doing unit tests! But, //its a workaround to fake the ObjectContext string connectionString = ConfigurationManager .ConnectionStrings["MyBlogConnString"] .ConnectionString; //(2) Arrange: Fake ObjectContext var fakeContext = new Mock<MyBlogContext>(connectionString); //(3) Next Line will pass, as ObjectContext now can be faked with proper connection string var repo = new BlogRepository(fakeContext.Object); //(4) Create fake ObjectQuery<Blog>. Will be used to substitute MyBlogContext.Blogs property var fakeObjectQuery = new Mock<ObjectQuery<Blog>>("[Blogs]", fakeContext.Object); //(5) Arrange: Set Expectations //Next line will throw an exception by MoQ: //System.ArgumentException: Invalid setup on a non-overridable member fakeContext.SetupGet(c=>c.Blogs).Returns(fakeObjectQuery.Object); fakeObjectQuery.Setup(q => q.Any(b => b.Name == "NewBlog")).Returns(true); //Act repo.Add(new Blog { Name = "NewBlog" }); } This test method is checking to see if the correct exception ([ExpectedException(typeof(InvalidOperationException))]) is thrown when a developer attempts to Add a blog with a name that’s already exists. On (1) a connection string is initialized from configuration file. To retrieve the full connection string. On (2) a fake ObjectContext is being created. The ObjectContext here is MyBlogContext and its being created using this var fakeContext = new Mock<MyBlogContext>(connectionString); This way a fake context is being created using MoQ. On (3) a BlogRepository instance is created. BlogRepository has dependency on generate Entity Framework ObjectContext, MyObjectContext. And so the fake context is passed to the constructor. var repo = new BlogRepository(fakeContext.Object); On (4) a fake instance of ObjectQuery<Blog> is being created to use as a substitute to MyObjectContext.Blogs property as we will see in (5). On (5) setup an expectation for calling Blogs property of MyBlogContext and substitute the return result with the fake ObjectQuery<Blog> instance created on (4). When you run this test it will fail with MoQ throwing an exception because of this line: fakeContext.SetupGet(c=>c.Blogs).Returns(fakeObjectQuery.Object); This happens because the generate property MyBlogContext.Blogs is not virtual/overridable. And assuming it is virtual or you managed to make it virtual it will fail at the following line throwing the same exception: fakeObjectQuery.Setup(q => q.Any(b => b.Name == "NewBlog")).Returns(true); This time the test will fail because the Any extension method is not virtual/overridable. You won’t be able to replace ObjectQuery<Blog> with fake in memory collection to test your LINQ to Entities queries. Now lets see how replacing MoQ with TypeMock Isolator can help. Mocking Entity Framework with TypeMock Isolator The following is the same test method we had above for MoQ but this time implemented using TypeMock Isolator: [TestMethod] [ExpectedException(typeof(InvalidOperationException))] public void Add_New_Blog_That_Already_Exists_Should_Throw_InvalidOperationException() { //(1) Create fake in memory collection of blogs var fakeInMemoryBlogs = new List<Blog> {new Blog {Name = "FakeBlog"}}; //(2) create fake context var fakeContext = Isolate.Fake.Instance<MyBlogContext>(); //(3) Setup expected call to MyBlogContext.Blogs property through the fake context Isolate.WhenCalled(() => fakeContext.Blogs) .WillReturnCollectionValuesOf(fakeInMemoryBlogs.AsQueryable()); //(4) Create new blog with a name that already exits in the fake in memory collection in (1) var blog = new Blog {Name = "FakeBlog"}; //(5) Instantiate instance of BlogRepository (Class under test) var repo = new BlogRepository(fakeContext); //(6) Acting by adding the newly created blog () repo.Add(blog); } When running the above test method it will pass as the Add method of BlogRepository is going to throw an InvalidOperationException which is the expected behaviour. Nothing prevents us from faking out the database interaction! Even faking ObjectContext  at (2) didn’t require a connection string. On (3) Isolator sets up a faking result for MyBlogContext.Blogs when its being called through the fake instance fakeContext created on (2). The faking result is just an in-memory collection declared an initialized on (1). Finally at (6) action we call the Add method of BlogRepository passing a new Blog instance that has a name that’s already exists in the fake in-memory collection which we set up at (1). As expected the test will pass because it will throw the expected exception defined on top of the test method - InvalidOperationException. TypeMock Isolator succeeded in faking Entity Framework with ease. Conclusion We explored how to write a simple unit test using TypeMock Isolator for code which is using Entity Framework. We also explored a few of the limitations of other mocking frameworks which TypeMock is successfully able to handle. There are workarounds that you can use to overcome limitations when using MoQ or Rhino Mock, however the workarounds will require you to write more code and your tests will likely be more complex. For a comparison between different mocking frameworks take a look at this document produced by TypeMock. You might also want to check out this open source project to compare mocking frameworks. I hope you enjoyed this post Muhammad Mosa http://mosesofegypt.net/ http://twitter.com/mosessaur Screencast of unit testing Entity Framework Related Links GuestPost: Introduction to Mocking GuesPost: Typemock Isolator – Much more than an Isolation framework

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  • Using RIA DomainServices with ASP.NET and MVC 2

    - by Bobby Diaz
    Recently, I started working on a new ASP.NET MVC 2 project and I wanted to reuse the data access (LINQ to SQL) and business logic methods (WCF RIA Services) that had been developed for a previous project that used Silverlight for the front-end.  I figured that I would be able to instantiate the various DomainService classes from within my controller’s action methods, because after all, the code for those services didn’t look very complicated.  WRONG!  I didn’t realize at first that some of the functionality is handled automatically by the framework when the domain services are hosted as WCF services.  After some initial searching, I came across an invaluable post by Joe McBride, which described how to get RIA Service .svc files to work in an MVC 2 Web Application, and another by Brad Abrams.  Unfortunately, Brad’s solution was for an earlier preview release of RIA Services and no longer works with the version that I am running (PDC Preview). I have not tried the RC version of WCF RIA Services, so I am not sure if any of the issues I am having have been resolved, but I wanted to come up with a way to reuse the shared libraries so I wouldn’t have to write a non-RIA version that basically did the same thing.  The classes I came up with work with the scenarios I have encountered so far, but I wanted to go ahead and post the code in case someone else is having the same trouble I had.  Hopefully this will save you a few headaches! 1. Querying When I first tried to use a DomainService class to perform a query inside one of my controller’s action methods, I got an error stating that “This DomainService has not been initialized.”  To solve this issue, I created an extension method for all DomainServices that creates the required DomainServiceContext and passes it to the service’s Initialize() method.  Here is the code for the extension method; notice that I am creating a sort of mock HttpContext for those cases when the service is running outside of IIS, such as during unit testing!     public static class ServiceExtensions     {         /// <summary>         /// Initializes the domain service by creating a new <see cref="DomainServiceContext"/>         /// and calling the base DomainService.Initialize(DomainServiceContext) method.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TService">The type of the service.</typeparam>         /// <param name="service">The service.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         public static TService Initialize<TService>(this TService service)             where TService : DomainService         {             var context = CreateDomainServiceContext();             service.Initialize(context);             return service;         }           private static DomainServiceContext CreateDomainServiceContext()         {             var provider = new ServiceProvider(new HttpContextWrapper(GetHttpContext()));             return new DomainServiceContext(provider, DomainOperationType.Query);         }           private static HttpContext GetHttpContext()         {             var context = HttpContext.Current;   #if DEBUG             // create a mock HttpContext to use during unit testing...             if ( context == null )             {                 var writer = new StringWriter();                 var request = new SimpleWorkerRequest("/", "/",                     String.Empty, String.Empty, writer);                   context = new HttpContext(request)                 {                     User = new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity("debug"), null)                 };             } #endif               return context;         }     }   With that in place, I can use it almost as normally as my first attempt, except with a call to Initialize():     public ActionResult Index()     {         var service = new NorthwindService().Initialize();         var customers = service.GetCustomers();           return View(customers);     } 2. Insert / Update / Delete Once I got the records showing up, I was trying to insert new records or update existing data when I ran into the next issue.  I say issue because I wasn’t getting any kind of error, which made it a little difficult to track down.  But once I realized that that the DataContext.SubmitChanges() method gets called automatically at the end of each domain service submit operation, I could start working on a way to mimic the behavior of a hosted domain service.  What I came up with, was a base class called LinqToSqlRepository<T> that basically sits between your implementation and the default LinqToSqlDomainService<T> class.     [EnableClientAccess()]     public class NorthwindService : LinqToSqlRepository<NorthwindDataContext>     {         public IQueryable<Customer> GetCustomers()         {             return this.DataContext.Customers;         }           public void InsertCustomer(Customer customer)         {             this.DataContext.Customers.InsertOnSubmit(customer);         }           public void UpdateCustomer(Customer currentCustomer)         {             this.DataContext.Customers.TryAttach(currentCustomer,                 this.ChangeSet.GetOriginal(currentCustomer));         }           public void DeleteCustomer(Customer customer)         {             this.DataContext.Customers.TryAttach(customer);             this.DataContext.Customers.DeleteOnSubmit(customer);         }     } Notice the new base class name (just change LinqToSqlDomainService to LinqToSqlRepository).  I also added a couple of DataContext (for Table<T>) extension methods called TryAttach that will check to see if the supplied entity is already attached before attempting to attach it, which would cause an error! 3. LinqToSqlRepository<T> Below is the code for the LinqToSqlRepository class.  The comments are pretty self explanatory, but be aware of the [IgnoreOperation] attributes on the generic repository methods, which ensures that they will be ignored by the code generator and not available in the Silverlight client application.     /// <summary>     /// Provides generic repository methods on top of the standard     /// <see cref="LinqToSqlDomainService&lt;TContext&gt;"/> functionality.     /// </summary>     /// <typeparam name="TContext">The type of the context.</typeparam>     public abstract class LinqToSqlRepository<TContext> : LinqToSqlDomainService<TContext>         where TContext : System.Data.Linq.DataContext, new()     {         /// <summary>         /// Retrieves an instance of an entity using it's unique identifier.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <param name="keyValues">The key values.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual TEntity GetById<TEntity>(params object[] keyValues) where TEntity : class         {             var table = this.DataContext.GetTable<TEntity>();             var mapping = this.DataContext.Mapping.GetTable(typeof(TEntity));               var keys = mapping.RowType.IdentityMembers                 .Select((m, i) => m.Name + " = @" + i)                 .ToArray();               return table.Where(String.Join(" && ", keys), keyValues).FirstOrDefault();         }           /// <summary>         /// Creates a new query that can be executed to retrieve a collection         /// of entities from the <see cref="DataContext"/>.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual IQueryable<TEntity> GetEntityQuery<TEntity>() where TEntity : class         {             return this.DataContext.GetTable<TEntity>();         }           /// <summary>         /// Inserts the specified entity.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <param name="entity">The entity.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual bool Insert<TEntity>(TEntity entity) where TEntity : class         {             //var table = this.DataContext.GetTable<TEntity>();             //table.InsertOnSubmit(entity);               return this.Submit(entity, null, DomainOperation.Insert);         }           /// <summary>         /// Updates the specified entity.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <param name="entity">The entity.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual bool Update<TEntity>(TEntity entity) where TEntity : class         {             return this.Update(entity, null);         }           /// <summary>         /// Updates the specified entity.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <param name="entity">The entity.</param>         /// <param name="original">The original.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual bool Update<TEntity>(TEntity entity, TEntity original)             where TEntity : class         {             if ( original == null )             {                 original = GetOriginal(entity);             }               var table = this.DataContext.GetTable<TEntity>();             table.TryAttach(entity, original);               return this.Submit(entity, original, DomainOperation.Update);         }           /// <summary>         /// Deletes the specified entity.         /// </summary>         /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>         /// <param name="entity">The entity.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         [IgnoreOperation]         public virtual bool Delete<TEntity>(TEntity entity) where TEntity : class         {             //var table = this.DataContext.GetTable<TEntity>();             //table.TryAttach(entity);             //table.DeleteOnSubmit(entity);               return this.Submit(entity, null, DomainOperation.Delete);         }           protected virtual bool Submit(Object entity, Object original, DomainOperation operation)         {             var entry = new ChangeSetEntry(0, entity, original, operation);             var changes = new ChangeSet(new ChangeSetEntry[] { entry });             return base.Submit(changes);         }           private TEntity GetOriginal<TEntity>(TEntity entity) where TEntity : class         {             var context = CreateDataContext();             var table = context.GetTable<TEntity>();             return table.FirstOrDefault(e => e == entity);         }     } 4. Conclusion So there you have it, a fully functional Repository implementation for your RIA Domain Services that can be consumed by your ASP.NET and MVC applications.  I have uploaded the source code along with unit tests and a sample web application that queries the Customers table from inside a Controller, as well as a Silverlight usage example. As always, I welcome any comments or suggestions on the approach I have taken.  If there is enough interest, I plan on contacting Colin Blair or maybe even the man himself, Brad Abrams, to see if this is something worthy of inclusion in the WCF RIA Services Contrib project.  What do you think? Enjoy!

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  • Introducción a ENUM (E.164 Number Mapping)

    - by raul.goycoolea
    E.164 Number Mapping (ENUM o Enum) se diseñó para resolver la cuestión de como se pueden encontrar servicios de internet mediante un número telefónico, es decir cómo se pueden usar los los teléfonos, que solamente tienen 12 teclas, para acceder a servicios de Internet. La parte más básica de ENUM es por tanto la convergencia de las redes del STDP y la IP; ENUM hace que pueda haber una correspondencia entre un número telefónico y un identificador de Internet. En síntesis, Enum es un conjunto de protocolos para convertir números E.164 en URIs, y viceversa, de modo que el sistema de numeración E.164 tenga una función de correspondencia con las direcciones URI en Internet. Esta función es necesaria porque un número telefónico no tiene sentido en el mundo IP, ni una dirección IP tiene sentido en las redes telefónicas. Así, mediante esta técnica, las comunicaciones cuyo destino se marque con un número E.164, puedan terminar en el identificador correcto (número E.164 si termina en el STDP, o URI si termina en redes IP). La solución técnica de mirar en una base de datos cual es el identificador de destino tiene consecuencias muy interesantes, como que la llamada se pueda terminar donde desee el abonado llamado. Esta es una de las características que ofrece ENUM : el destino concreto, el terminal o terminales de terminación, no lo decide quien inicia la llamada o envía el mensaje sino la persona que es llamada o recibe el mensaje, que ha escrito sus preferencias en una base de datos. En otras palabras, el destinatario de la llamada decide cómo quiere ser contactado, tanto si lo que se le comunica es un email, o un sms, o telefax, o una llamada de voz. Cuando alguien quiera llamarle a usted, lo que tiene que hacer el llamante es seleccionar su nombre (el del llamado) en la libreta de direcciones del terminal o marcar su número ENUM. Una aplicación informática obtendrá de una base de datos los datos de contacto y disponibilidad que usted decidió. Y el mensaje le será remitido tal como usted especificó en dicha base de datos. Esto es algo nuevo que permite que usted, como persona llamada, defina sus preferencias de terminación para cualquier tipo de contenido. Por ejemplo, usted puede querer que todos los emails le sean enviados como sms o que los mensajes de voz se le remitan como emails; las comunicaciones ya no dependen de donde esté usted o deque tipo de terminal utiliza (teléfono, pda, internet). Además, con ENUM usted puede gestionar la portabilidad de sus números fijos y móviles. ENUM emplea una técnica de búsqueda indirecta en una base de datos que tiene los registros NAPTR ("Naming Authority Pointer Resource Records" tal como lo define el RFC 2915), y que utiliza el número telefónico Enum como clave de búsqueda, para obtener qué URIs corresponden a cada número telefónico. La base de datos que almacena estos registros es del tipo DNS.Si bien en uno de sus diversos usos sirve para facilitar las llamadas de usuarios de VoIP entre redes tradicionales del STDP y redes IP, debe tenerse en cuenta que ENUM no es una función de VoIP sino que es un mecanismo de conversión entre números/identificadores. Por tanto no debe ser confundido con el uso normal de enrutar las llamadas de VoIP mediante los protocolos SIP y H.323. ENUM puede ser muy útil para aquellas organizaciones que quieran tener normalizada la manera en que las aplicaciones acceden a los datos de comunicación de cada usuario. FundamentosPara que la convergencia entre el Sistema Telefónico Disponible al Público (STDP) y la Telefonía por Internet o Voz sobre IP (VoIP) y que el desarrollo de nuevos servicios multimedia tengan menos obstáculos, es fundamental que los usuarios puedan realizar sus llamadas tal como están acostumbrados a hacerlo, marcando números. Para eso, es preciso que haya un sistema universal de correspondencia de número a direcciones IP (y viceversa) y que las diferentes redes se puedan interconectar. Hay varias fórmulas que permiten que un número telefónico sirva para establecer comunicación con múltiples servicios. Una de estas fórmulas es el Electronic Number Mapping System ENUM, normalizado por el grupo de tareas especiales de ingeniería en Internet (IETF, Internet engineering task force), del que trata este artículo, que emplea la numeración E.164, los protocolos y la infraestructura telefónica para acceder indirectamente a diferentes servicios. Por tanto, se accede a un servicio mediante un identificador numérico universal: un número telefónico tradicional. ENUM permite comunicar las direcciones del mundo IP con las del mundo telefónico, y viceversa, sin problemas. Antes de entrar en mayores profundidades, conviene dar una breve pincelada para aclarar cómo se organiza la correspondencia entre números o URI. Para ello imaginemos una llamada que se inicia desde el servicio telefónico tradicional con destino a un número Enum. En ENUM Público, el abonado o usuario Enum a quien va destinada lallamada, habrá decidido incluir en la base de datos Enum uno o varios URI o números E.164, que forman una lista con sus preferencias para terminar la llamada. Y el sistema como se explica más adelante, elegirá cual es el número o URI adecuado para dicha terminación. Por tanto como resultado de la consulta a la base dedatos Enum siempre se da una relación unívoca entre el número Enum marcado y el de terminación, conforme a los deseos de la persona llamada.Variedades de ENUMUna posible fuente de confusión cuando se trata sobre ENUM es la variedad de soluciones o sistemas que emplean este calificativo. Lo habitual es que cuando se haga una referencia a ENUM se trate de uno de los siguientes casos: ENUM Público: Es la visión original de ENUM, como base de datos pública, parecida a un directorio, donde el abonado "opta" a ser incluido en la base de datos, que está gestionada en el dominio e164.arpa, delegando a cada país la gestión de la base de datos y la numeración. También se conoce como ENUM de usuario. Carrier ENUM, o ENUM Infraestructura, o de Operador: Cuando grupos de operadores proveedores de servicios de comunicaciones electrónicas acuerdan compartir la información de los abonados por medio de ENUM mediante acuerdos privados. En este caso son los operadores quienes controlan la información del abonado en vez de hacerlo (optar) los propios abonados. Carrier ENUM o ENUM de Operador también se conoce como Infrastructure ENUM o ENUM Infraestructura, y está siendo normalizado por IETF para la interconexión de VoIP (mediante acuerdos de peering). Como se explicará en la correspondiente sección, también se puede utilizar para la portabilidad o conservación de número. ENUM Privado: Un operador de telefonía o de VoIP, o un ISP, o un gran usuario, puede utilizar las técnicas de ENUM en sus redes y en las de sus clientes sin emplear DNS públicos, con DNS privados o internos. Resulta fácil imaginar como puede utilizarse esta técnica para que compañías multinacionales, o bancos, o agencias de viajes, tengan planes de numeración muy coherentes y eficaces. Cómo funciona ENUMPara conocer cómo funciona Enum, le remitimos a la página correspondiente a ENUM Público, puesto que esa variedad de Enum es la típica, la que dió lugar a todos los procedimientos y normas de IETF .Más detalles sobre: @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } H4 { margin-bottom: 0.08in } H4.ctl { font-family: "Lohit Hindi" } A:link { so-language: zxx } -- ENUM Público. En esta página se explica con cierto detalle como funciona Enum Carrier ENUM o ENUM de Operador ENUM Privado Normas técnicas: RFC 2915: NAPTR RR. The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record RFC 3761: ENUM Protocol. The E.164 to Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Application (ENUM). (obsoletes RFC 2916). RFC 3762: Usage of H323 addresses in ENUM Protocol RFC 3764: Usage of SIP addresses in ENUM Protocol RFC 3824: Using E.164 numbers with SIP RFC 4769: IANA Registration for an Enumservice Containing Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Signaling Information RFC 3026: Berlin Liaison Statement RFC 3953: Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) Service Registration for Presence Services RFC 2870: Root Name Server Operational Requirements RFC 3482: Number Portability in the Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN): An Overview RFC 2168: Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain Name System Organizaciones relacionadas con ENUM RIPE - Adimistrador del nivel 0 de ENUM e164.arpa. ITU-T TSB - Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute VisionNG - Administrador del rango ENUM 878-10 IETF ENUM Chapter

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  • C#: Adding Functionality to 3rd Party Libraries With Extension Methods

    - by James Michael Hare
    Ever have one of those third party libraries that you love but it's missing that one feature or one piece of syntactical candy that would make it so much more useful?  This, I truly think, is one of the best uses of extension methods.  I began discussing extension methods in my last post (which you find here) where I expounded upon what I thought were some rules of thumb for using extension methods correctly.  As long as you keep in line with those (or similar) rules, they can often be useful for adding that little extra functionality or syntactical simplification for a library that you have little or no control over. Oh sure, you could take an open source project, download the source and add the methods you want, but then every time the library is updated you have to re-add your changes, which can be cumbersome and error prone.  And yes, you could possibly extend a class in a third party library and override features, but that's only if the class is not sealed, static, or constructed via factories. This is the perfect place to use an extension method!  And the best part is, you and your development team don't need to change anything!  Simply add the using for the namespace the extensions are in! So let's consider this example.  I love log4net!  Of all the logging libraries I've played with, it, to me, is one of the most flexible and configurable logging libraries and it performs great.  But this isn't about log4net, well, not directly.  So why would I want to add functionality?  Well, it's missing one thing I really want in the ILog interface: ability to specify logging level at runtime. For example, let's say I declare my ILog instance like so:     using log4net;     public class LoggingTest     {         private static readonly ILog _log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(LoggingTest));         ...     }     If you don't know log4net, the details aren't important, just to show that the field _log is the logger I have gotten from log4net. So now that I have that, I can log to it like so:     _log.Debug("This is the lowest level of logging and just for debugging output.");     _log.Info("This is an informational message.  Usual normal operation events.");     _log.Warn("This is a warning, something suspect but not necessarily wrong.");     _log.Error("This is an error, some sort of processing problem has happened.");     _log.Fatal("Fatals usually indicate the program is dying hideously."); And there's many flavors of each of these to log using string formatting, to log exceptions, etc.  But one thing there isn't: the ability to easily choose the logging level at runtime.  Notice, the logging levels above are chosen at compile time.  Of course, you could do some fun stuff with lambdas and wrap it, but that would obscure the simplicity of the interface.  And yes there is a Logger property you can dive down into where you can specify a Level, but the Level properties don't really match the ILog interface exactly and then you have to manually build a LogEvent and... well, it gets messy.  I want something simple and sexy so I can say:     _log.Log(someLevel, "This will be logged at whatever level I choose at runtime!");     Now, some purists out there might say you should always know what level you want to log at, and for the most part I agree with them.  For the most party the ILog interface satisfies 99% of my needs.  In fact, for most application logging yes you do always know the level you will be logging at, but when writing a utility class, you may not always know what level your user wants. I'll tell you, one of my favorite things is to write reusable components.  If I had my druthers I'd write framework libraries and shared components all day!  And being able to easily log at a runtime-chosen level is a big need for me.  After all, if I want my code to really be re-usable, I shouldn't force a user to deal with the logging level I choose. One of my favorite uses for this is in Interceptors -- I'll describe Interceptors in my next post and some of my favorites -- for now just know that an Interceptor wraps a class and allows you to add functionality to an existing method without changing it's signature.  At the risk of over-simplifying, it's a very generic implementation of the Decorator design pattern. So, say for example that you were writing an Interceptor that would time method calls and emit a log message if the method call execution time took beyond a certain threshold of time.  For instance, maybe if your database calls take more than 5,000 ms, you want to log a warning.  Or if a web method call takes over 1,000 ms, you want to log an informational message.  This would be an excellent use of logging at a generic level. So here was my personal wish-list of requirements for my task: Be able to determine if a runtime-specified logging level is enabled. Be able to log generically at a runtime-specified logging level. Have the same look-and-feel of the existing Debug, Info, Warn, Error, and Fatal calls.    Having the ability to also determine if logging for a level is on at runtime is also important so you don't spend time building a potentially expensive logging message if that level is off.  Consider an Interceptor that may log parameters on entrance to the method.  If you choose to log those parameter at DEBUG level and if DEBUG is not on, you don't want to spend the time serializing those parameters. Now, mine may not be the most elegant solution, but it performs really well since the enum I provide all uses contiguous values -- while it's never guaranteed, contiguous switch values usually get compiled into a jump table in IL which is VERY performant - O(1) - but even if it doesn't, it's still so fast you'd never need to worry about it. So first, I need a way to let users pass in logging levels.  Sure, log4net has a Level class, but it's a class with static members and plus it provides way too many options compared to ILog interface itself -- and wouldn't perform as well in my level-check -- so I define an enum like below.     namespace Shared.Logging.Extensions     {         // enum to specify available logging levels.         public enum LoggingLevel         {             Debug,             Informational,             Warning,             Error,             Fatal         }     } Now, once I have this, writing the extension methods I need is trivial.  Once again, I would typically /// comment fully, but I'm eliminating for blogging brevity:     namespace Shared.Logging.Extensions     {         // the extension methods to add functionality to the ILog interface         public static class LogExtensions         {             // Determines if logging is enabled at a given level.             public static bool IsLogEnabled(this ILog logger, LoggingLevel level)             {                 switch (level)                 {                     case LoggingLevel.Debug:                         return logger.IsDebugEnabled;                     case LoggingLevel.Informational:                         return logger.IsInfoEnabled;                     case LoggingLevel.Warning:                         return logger.IsWarnEnabled;                     case LoggingLevel.Error:                         return logger.IsErrorEnabled;                     case LoggingLevel.Fatal:                         return logger.IsFatalEnabled;                 }                                 return false;             }             // Logs a simple message - uses same signature except adds LoggingLevel             public static void Log(this ILog logger, LoggingLevel level, object message)             {                 switch (level)                 {                     case LoggingLevel.Debug:                         logger.Debug(message);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Informational:                         logger.Info(message);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Warning:                         logger.Warn(message);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Error:                         logger.Error(message);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Fatal:                         logger.Fatal(message);                         break;                 }             }             // Logs a message and exception to the log at specified level.             public static void Log(this ILog logger, LoggingLevel level, object message, Exception exception)             {                 switch (level)                 {                     case LoggingLevel.Debug:                         logger.Debug(message, exception);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Informational:                         logger.Info(message, exception);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Warning:                         logger.Warn(message, exception);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Error:                         logger.Error(message, exception);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Fatal:                         logger.Fatal(message, exception);                         break;                 }             }             // Logs a formatted message to the log at the specified level.              public static void LogFormat(this ILog logger, LoggingLevel level, string format,                                          params object[] args)             {                 switch (level)                 {                     case LoggingLevel.Debug:                         logger.DebugFormat(format, args);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Informational:                         logger.InfoFormat(format, args);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Warning:                         logger.WarnFormat(format, args);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Error:                         logger.ErrorFormat(format, args);                         break;                     case LoggingLevel.Fatal:                         logger.FatalFormat(format, args);                         break;                 }             }         }     } So there it is!  I didn't have to modify the log4net source code, so if a new version comes out, i can just add the new assembly with no changes.  I didn't have to subclass and worry about developers not calling my sub-class instead of the original.  I simply provide the extension methods and it's as if the long lost extension methods were always a part of the ILog interface! Consider a very contrived example using the original interface:     // using the original ILog interface     public class DatabaseUtility     {         private static readonly ILog _log = LogManager.Create(typeof(DatabaseUtility));                 // some theoretical method to time         IDataReader Execute(string statement)         {             var timer = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();                         // do DB magic                                    // this is hard-coded to warn, if want to change at runtime tough luck!             if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > 5000 && _log.IsWarnEnabled)             {                 _log.WarnFormat("Statement {0} took too long to execute.", statement);             }             ...         }     }     Now consider this alternate call where the logging level could be perhaps a property of the class          // using the original ILog interface     public class DatabaseUtility     {         private static readonly ILog _log = LogManager.Create(typeof(DatabaseUtility));                 // allow logging level to be specified by user of class instead         public LoggingLevel ThresholdLogLevel { get; set; }                 // some theoretical method to time         IDataReader Execute(string statement)         {             var timer = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();                         // do DB magic                                    // this is hard-coded to warn, if want to change at runtime tough luck!             if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > 5000 && _log.IsLogEnabled(ThresholdLogLevel))             {                 _log.LogFormat(ThresholdLogLevel, "Statement {0} took too long to execute.",                     statement);             }             ...         }     } Next time, I'll show one of my favorite uses for these extension methods in an Interceptor.

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  • OAF Page to Upload Files into Server from local Machine

    - by PRajkumar
    1. Create a New Workspace and Project File > New > General > Workspace Configured for Oracle Applications File Name – PrajkumarFileUploadDemo   Automatically a new OA Project will also be created   Project Name -- FileUploadDemo Default Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.fileuploaddemo   2. Create a New Application Module (AM) Right Click on FileUploadDemo > New > ADF Business Components > Application Module Name -- FileUploadAM Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.fileuploaddemo.server Check Application Module Class: FileUploadAMImpl Generate JavaFile(s)   3. Create a New Page Right click on FileUploadDemo > New > Web Tier > OA Components > Page Name -- FileUploadPG Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.fileuploaddemo.webui   4. Select the FileUploadPG and go to the strcuture pane where a default region has been created   5. Select region1 and set the following properties --     Attribute Property ID PageLayoutRN AM Definition prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.fileuploaddemo.server.FileUploadAM Window Title Uploading File into Server from Local Machine Demo Window Title Uploading File into Server from Local Machine Demo     6. Create Stack Layout Region Under Page Layout Region Right click PageLayoutRN > New > Region   Attribute Property ID MainRN AM Definition messageComponentLayout   7. Create a New Item messageFileUpload Bean under MainRN Right click on MainRN > New > messageFileUpload Set Following Properties for New Item --   Attribute Property ID MessageFileUpload Item Style messageFileUpload   8. Create a New Item Submit Button Bean under MainRN Right click on MainRN > New > messageLayout Set Following Properties for messageLayout --   Attribute Property ID ButtonLayout   Right Click on ButtonLayout > New > Item   Attribute Property ID Submit Item Style submitButton Attribute Set /oracle/apps/fnd/attributesets/Buttons/Go   9. Create Controller for page FileUploadPG Right Click on PageLayoutRN > Set New Controller Package Name: prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.fileuploaddemo.webui Class Name: FileUploadCO   Write Following Code in FileUploadCO processFormRequest   import oracle.cabo.ui.data.DataObject; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.InputStream; import oracle.jbo.domain.BlobDomain; import java.io.File; import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OAException; public void processFormRequest(OAPageContext pageContext, OAWebBean webBean) { super.processFormRequest(pageContext, webBean);    if(pageContext.getParameter("Submit")!=null)  {   upLoadFile(pageContext,webBean);      } }   -- Use Following Code if want to Upload Files in Local Machine -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public void upLoadFile(OAPageContext pageContext,OAWebBean webBean) { String filePath = "D:\\PRajkumar";  System.out.println("Default File Path---->"+filePath);  String fileUrl = null;  try  {   DataObject fileUploadData =  pageContext.getNamedDataObject("MessageFileUpload"); //FileUploading is my MessageFileUpload Bean Id   if(fileUploadData!=null)   {    String uFileName = (String)fileUploadData.selectValue(null, "UPLOAD_FILE_NAME");  // include this line    String contentType = (String) fileUploadData.selectValue(null, "UPLOAD_FILE_MIME_TYPE");  // For Mime Type    System.out.println("User File Name---->"+uFileName);    FileOutputStream output = null;    InputStream input = null;    BlobDomain uploadedByteStream = (BlobDomain)fileUploadData.selectValue(null, uFileName);    System.out.println("uploadedByteStream---->"+uploadedByteStream);                               File file = new File("D:\\PRajkumar", uFileName);    System.out.println("File output---->"+file);    output = new FileOutputStream(file);    System.out.println("output----->"+output);    input = uploadedByteStream.getInputStream();    System.out.println("input---->"+input);    byte abyte0[] = new byte[0x19000];    int i;         while((i = input.read(abyte0)) > 0)    output.write(abyte0, 0, i);    output.close();    input.close();   }  }  catch(Exception ex)  {   throw new OAException(ex.getMessage(), OAException.ERROR);  }     }   -- Use Following Code if want to Upload File into Server -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- public void upLoadFile(OAPageContext pageContext,OAWebBean webBean) { String filePath = "/u01/app/apnac03r12/PRajkumar/";  System.out.println("Default File Path---->"+filePath);  String fileUrl = null;  try  {   DataObject fileUploadData =  pageContext.getNamedDataObject("MessageFileUpload");  //FileUploading is my MessageFileUpload Bean Id     if(fileUploadData!=null)   {    String uFileName = (String)fileUploadData.selectValue(null, "UPLOAD_FILE_NAME");   // include this line    String contentType = (String) fileUploadData.selectValue(null, "UPLOAD_FILE_MIME_TYPE");   // For Mime Type    System.out.println("User File Name---->"+uFileName);    FileOutputStream output = null;    InputStream input = null;    BlobDomain uploadedByteStream = (BlobDomain)fileUploadData.selectValue(null, uFileName);    System.out.println("uploadedByteStream---->"+uploadedByteStream);                               File file = new File("/u01/app/apnac03r12/PRajkumar", uFileName);    System.out.println("File output---->"+file);    output = new FileOutputStream(file);    System.out.println("output----->"+output);    input = uploadedByteStream.getInputStream();    System.out.println("input---->"+input);    byte abyte0[] = new byte[0x19000];    int i;         while((i = input.read(abyte0)) > 0)    output.write(abyte0, 0, i);    output.close();    input.close();   }  }  catch(Exception ex)  {   throw new OAException(ex.getMessage(), OAException.ERROR);  }     }   10. Congratulation you have successfully finished. Run Your page and Test Your Work           -- Used Code to Upload files into Server   -- Before Upload files into Server     -- After Upload files into Server       -- Used Code to Upload files into Local Machine   -- Before Upload files into Local Machine       -- After Upload files into Local Machine

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  • Using jQuery Live instead of jQuery Hover function

    - by hajan
    Let’s say we have a case where we need to create mouseover / mouseout functionality for a list which will be dynamically filled with data on client-side. We can use jQuery hover function, which handles the mouseover and mouseout events with two functions. See the following example: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head id="Head1" runat="server">     <title>jQuery Mouseover / Mouseout Demo</title>     <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script>     <style type="text/css">         .hover { color:Red; cursor:pointer;}     </style>     <script type="text/javascript">         $(function () {             $("li").hover(               function () {                   $(this).addClass("hover");               },               function () {                   $(this).removeClass("hover");               });         });     </script> </head> <body>     <form id="form2" runat="server">     <ul>         <li>Data 1</li>         <li>Data 2</li>         <li>Data 3</li>         <li>Data 4</li>         <li>Data 5</li>         <li>Data 6</li>     </ul>     </form> </body> </html> Now, if you have situation where you want to add new data dynamically... Lets say you have a button to add new item in the list. Add the following code right bellow the </ul> tag <input type="text" id="txtItem" /> <input type="button" id="addNewItem" value="Add New Item" /> And add the following button click functionality: //button add new item functionality $("#addNewItem").click(function (event) {     event.preventDefault();     $("<li>" + $("#txtItem").val() + "</li>").appendTo("ul"); }); The mouse over effect won't work for the newly added items. Therefore, we need to use live or delegate function. These both do the same job. The main difference is that for some cases delegate is considered a bit faster, and can be used in chaining. In our case, we can use both. I will use live function. $("li").live("mouseover mouseout",   function (event) {       if (event.type == "mouseover") $(this).addClass("hover");       else $(this).removeClass("hover");   }); The complete code is: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head id="Head1" runat="server">     <title>jQuery Mouseover / Mouseout Demo</title>     <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script>     <style type="text/css">         .hover { color:Red; cursor:pointer;}     </style>     <script type="text/javascript">         $(function () {             $("li").live("mouseover mouseout",               function (event) {                   if (event.type == "mouseover") $(this).addClass("hover");                   else $(this).removeClass("hover");               });             //button add new item functionality             $("#addNewItem").click(function (event) {                 event.preventDefault();                 $("<li>" + $("#txtItem").val() + "</li>").appendTo("ul");             });         });     </script> </head> <body>     <form id="form2" runat="server">     <ul>         <li>Data 1</li>         <li>Data 2</li>         <li>Data 3</li>         <li>Data 4</li>         <li>Data 5</li>         <li>Data 6</li>     </ul>          <input type="text" id="txtItem" />     <input type="button" id="addNewItem" value="Add New Item" />     </form> </body> </html> So, basically when replacing hover with live, you see we use the mouseover and mouseout names for both events. Check the working demo which is available HERE. Hope this was useful blog for you. Hope it’s helpful. HajanReference blog: http://codeasp.net/blogs/hajan/microsoft-net/1260/using-jquery-live-instead-of-jquery-hover-function

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  • Ajax-based data loading using jQuery.load() function in ASP.NET

    - by hajan
    In general, jQuery has made Ajax very easy by providing low-level interface, shorthand methods and helper functions, which all gives us great features of handling Ajax requests in our ASP.NET Webs. The simplest way to load data from the server and place the returned HTML in browser is to use the jQuery.load() function. The very firs time when I started playing with this function, I didn't believe it will work that much easy. What you can do with this method is simply call given url as parameter to the load function and display the content in the selector after which this function is chained. So, to clear up this, let me give you one very simple example: $("#result").load("AjaxPages/Page.html"); As you can see from the above image, after clicking the ‘Load Content’ button which fires the above code, we are making Ajax Get and the Response is the entire page HTML. So, rather than using (old) iframes, you can now use this method to load other html pages inside the page from where the script with load function is called. This method is equivalent to the jQuery Ajax Get method $.get(url, data, function () { }) only that the $.load() is method rather than global function and has an implicit callback function. To provide callback to your load, you can simply add function as second parameter, see example: $("#result").load("AjaxPages/Page.html", function () { alert("Page.html has been loaded successfully!") }); Since load is part of the chain which is follower of the given jQuery Selector where the content should be loaded, it means that the $.load() function won't execute if there is no such selector found within the DOM. Another interesting thing to mention, and maybe you've asked yourself is how we know if GET or POST method type is executed? It's simple, if we provide 'data' as second parameter to the load function, then POST is used, otherwise GET is assumed. POST $("#result").load("AjaxPages/Page.html", { "name": "hajan" }, function () { ////callback function implementation });   GET $("#result").load("AjaxPages/Page.html", function () { ////callback function implementation });   Another important feature that $.load() has ($.get() does not) is loading page fragments. Using jQuery's selector capability, you can do this: $("#result").load("AjaxPages/Page.html #resultTable"); In our Page.html, the content now is: So, after the call, only the table with id resultTable will load in our page.   As you can see, we have loaded only the table with id resultTable (1) inside div with id result (2). This is great feature since we won't need to filter the returned HTML content again in our callback function on the master page from where we have called $.load() function. Besides the fact that you can simply call static HTML pages, you can also use this function to load dynamic ASPX pages or ASP.NET ASHX Handlers . Lets say we have another page (ASPX) in our AjaxPages folder with name GetProducts.aspx. This page has repeater control (or anything you want to bind dynamic server-side content) that displays set of data in it. Now, I want to filter the data in the repeater based on the Query String parameter provided when calling that page. For example, if I call the page using GetProducts.aspx?category=computers, it will load only computers… so, this will filter the products automatically by given category. The example ASPX code of GetProducts.aspx page is: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GetProducts.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.AjaxPages.GetProducts" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title></title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <table id="tableProducts"> <asp:Repeater ID="rptProducts" runat="server"> <HeaderTemplate> <tr> <th>Product</th> <th>Price</th> <th>Category</th> </tr> </HeaderTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <tr> <td> <%# Eval("ProductName")%> </td> <td> <%# Eval("Price") %> </td> <td> <%# Eval("Category") %> </td> </tr> </ItemTemplate> </asp:Repeater> </ul> </div> </form> </body> </html> The C# code-behind sample code is: public partial class GetProducts : System.Web.UI.Page { public List<Product> products; protected override void OnInit(EventArgs e) { LoadSampleProductsData(); //load sample data base.OnInit(e); } protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (Request.QueryString.Count > 0) { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.QueryString["category"])) { string category = Request.QueryString["category"]; //get query string into string variable //filter products sample data by category using LINQ //and add the collection as data source to the repeater rptProducts.DataSource = products.Where(x => x.Category == category); rptProducts.DataBind(); //bind repeater } } } //load sample data method public void LoadSampleProductsData() { products = new List<Product>(); products.Add(new Product() { Category = "computers", Price = 200, ProductName = "Dell PC" }); products.Add(new Product() { Category = "shoes", Price = 90, ProductName = "Nike" }); products.Add(new Product() { Category = "shoes", Price = 66, ProductName = "Adidas" }); products.Add(new Product() { Category = "computers", Price = 210, ProductName = "HP PC" }); products.Add(new Product() { Category = "shoes", Price = 85, ProductName = "Puma" }); } } //sample Product class public class Product { public string ProductName { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } public string Category { get; set; } } Mainly, I just have sample data loading function, Product class and depending of the query string, I am filtering the products list using LINQ Where statement. If we run this page without query string, it will show no data. If we call the page with category query string, it will filter automatically. Example: /AjaxPages/GetProducts.aspx?category=shoes The result will be: or if we use category=computers, like this /AjaxPages/GetProducts.aspx?category=computers, the result will be: So, now using jQuery.load() function, we can call this page with provided query string parameter and load appropriate content… The ASPX code in our Default.aspx page, which will call the AjaxPages/GetProducts.aspx page using jQuery.load() function is: <asp:RadioButtonList ID="rblProductCategory" runat="server"> <asp:ListItem Text="Shoes" Value="shoes" Selected="True" /> <asp:ListItem Text="Computers" Value="computers" /> </asp:RadioButtonList> <asp:Button ID="btnLoadProducts" runat="server" Text="Load Products" /> <!-- Here we will load the products, based on the radio button selection--> <div id="products"></div> </form> The jQuery code: $("#<%= btnLoadProducts.ClientID %>").click(function (event) { event.preventDefault(); //preventing button's default behavior var selectedRadioButton = $("#<%= rblProductCategory.ClientID %> input:checked").val(); //call GetProducts.aspx with the category query string for the selected category in radio button list //filter and get only the #tableProducts content inside #products div $("#products").load("AjaxPages/GetProducts.aspx?category=" + selectedRadioButton + " #tableProducts"); }); The end result: You can download the code sample from here. You can read more about jQuery.load() function here. I hope this was useful blog post for you. Please do let me know your feedback. Best Regards, Hajan

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  • Ajax Control Toolkit May 2012 Release

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I’m happy to announce the May 2012 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit. This newest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit includes a new file upload control which displays file upload progress. We’ve also added several significant enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control such as support for uploading images and Source View. You can download and start using the newest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit by entering the following command in the Library Package Manager console in Visual Studio: Install-Package AjaxControlToolkit Alternatively, you can download the latest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit from CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com The New Ajax File Upload Control The most requested new feature for the Ajax Control Toolkit (according to the CodePlex Issue Tracker) has been support for file upload with progress. We worked hard over the last few months to create an entirely new file upload control which displays upload progress. Here is a sample which illustrates how you can use the new AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="01_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._01_FileUpload" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Simple File Upload</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager control. This control is required to use any of the controls in the Ajax Control Toolkit because this control is responsible for loading all of the scripts required by a control. The page also contains an AjaxFileUpload control. The UploadComplete event is handled in the code-behind for the page: namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _01_FileUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxControlToolkit.AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save upload file to the file system ajaxUpload1.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); } } } The UploadComplete handler saves each uploaded file by calling the AjaxFileUpload control’s SaveAs() method with a full file path. Here’s a video which illustrates the process of uploading a file: Warning: in order to write to the Images folder on a production IIS server, you need Write permissions on the Images folder. You need to provide permissions for the IIS Application Pool account to write to the Images folder. To learn more, see: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/624/application-pool-identities/ Showing File Upload Progress The new AjaxFileUpload control takes advantage of HTML5 upload progress events (described in the XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard). This standard is supported by Firefox 8+, Chrome 16+, Safari 5+, and Internet Explorer 10+. In other words, the standard is supported by the most recent versions of all browsers except for Internet Explorer which will support the standard with the release of Internet Explorer 10. The AjaxFileUpload control works with all browsers, even browsers which do not support the new XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard. If you use the AjaxFileUpload control with a downlevel browser – such as Internet Explorer 9 — then you get a simple throbber image during a file upload instead of a progress indicator. Here’s how you specify a throbber image when declaring the AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="02_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._02_FileUpload" %> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>File Upload with Throbber</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="MyThrobber" runat="server" /> <asp:Image id="MyThrobber" ImageUrl="ajax-loader.gif" Style="display:None" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> Notice that the page above includes an image with the Id MyThrobber. This image is displayed while files are being uploaded. I use the website http://AjaxLoad.info to generate animated busy wait images. Drag-And-Drop File Upload If you are using an uplevel browser then you can drag-and-drop the files which you want to upload onto the AjaxFileUpload control. The following video illustrates how drag-and-drop works: Remember that drag-and-drop will not work on Internet Explorer 9 or older. Accepting Multiple Files By default, the AjaxFileUpload control enables you to upload multiple files at a time. When you open the file dialog, use the CTRL or SHIFT key to select multiple files. If you want to restrict the number of files that can be uploaded then use the MaximumNumberOfFiles property like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" MaximumNumberOfFiles="1" runat="server" /> In the code above, the maximum number of files which can be uploaded is restricted to a single file. Restricting Uploaded File Types You might want to allow only certain types of files to be uploaded. For example, you might want to accept only image uploads. In that case, you can use the AllowedFileTypes property to provide a list of allowed file types like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" AllowedFileTypes="jpg,jpeg,gif,png" runat="server" /> The code above prevents any files except jpeg, gif, and png files from being uploaded. Enhancements to the HTMLEditorExtender Over the past months, we spent a considerable amount of time making bug fixes and feature enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control. I want to focus on two of the most significant enhancements that we made to the control: support for Source View and support for uploading images. Adding Source View Support to the HtmlEditorExtender When you click the Source View tag, the HtmlEditorExtender changes modes and displays the HTML source of the contents contained in the TextBox being extended. You can use Source View to make fine-grain changes to HTML before submitting the HTML to the server. For reasons of backwards compatibility, the Source View tab is disabled by default. To enable Source View, you need to declare your HtmlEditorExtender with the DisplaySourceTab property like this: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="05_SourceView.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._05_SourceView" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>HtmlEditorExtender with Source View</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox id="txtComments" TextMode="MultiLine" Columns="60" Rows="10" Runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="HEE1" TargetControlID="txtComments" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager, TextBox, and HtmlEditorExtender control. The HtmlEditorExtender extends the TextBox so that it supports rich text editing. Notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes a DisplaySourceTab property. This property causes a button to appear at the bottom of the HtmlEditorExtender which enables you to switch to Source View: Note: when using the HtmlEditorExtender, we recommend that you set the DOCTYPE for the document. Otherwise, you can encounter weird formatting issues. Accepting Image Uploads We also enhanced the HtmlEditorExtender to support image uploads (another very highly requested feature at CodePlex). The following video illustrates the experience of adding an image to the editor: Once again, for backwards compatibility reasons, support for image uploads is disabled by default. Here’s how you can declare the HtmlEditorExtender so that it supports image uploads: <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="MyHtmlEditorExtender" TargetControlID="txtComments" OnImageUploadComplete="MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" > <Toolbar> <ajaxToolkit:Bold /> <ajaxToolkit:Italic /> <ajaxToolkit:Underline /> <ajaxToolkit:InsertImage /> </Toolbar> </ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender> There are two things that you should notice about the code above. First, notice that an InsertImage toolbar button is added to the HtmlEditorExtender toolbar. This HtmlEditorExtender will render toolbar buttons for bold, italic, underline, and insert image. Second, notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes an event handler for the ImageUploadComplete event. The code for this event handler is below: using System.Web.UI; using AjaxControlToolkit; namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _06_ImageUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save uploaded file to the file system var ajaxFileUpload = (AjaxFileUpload)sender; ajaxFileUpload.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); // Update client with saved image path e.PostedUrl = Page.ResolveUrl(filePath); } } } Within the ImageUploadComplete event handler, you need to do two things: 1) Save the uploaded image (for example, to the file system, a database, or Azure storage) 2) Provide the URL to the saved image so the image can be displayed within the HtmlEditorExtender In the code above, the uploaded image is saved to the ~/Images folder. The path of the saved image is returned to the client by setting the AjaxFileUploadEventArgs PostedUrl property. Not surprisingly, under the covers, the HtmlEditorExtender uses the AjaxFileUpload. You can get a direct reference to the AjaxFileUpload control used by an HtmlEditorExtender by using the following code: void Page_Load() { var ajaxFileUpload = MyHtmlEditorExtender.AjaxFileUpload; ajaxFileUpload.AllowedFileTypes = "jpg,jpeg"; } The code above illustrates how you can restrict the types of images that can be uploaded to the HtmlEditorExtender. This code prevents anything but jpeg images from being uploaded. Summary This was the most difficult release of the Ajax Control Toolkit to date. We iterated through several designs for the AjaxFileUpload control – with each iteration, the goal was to make the AjaxFileUpload control easier for developers to use. My hope is that we were able to create a control which Web Forms developers will find very intuitive. I want to thank the developers on the Superexpert.com team for their hard work on this release.

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  • Confusion related to sigwait in multiprocess system

    - by user34790
    I am having difficulty in understanding IPC in multiprocess system. I have this system where there are three child processes that send two types of signals to their process group. There are four types of signal handling processes responsible for a particular type of signal. There is this monitoring process which waits for both the signals and then processes accordingly. When I run this program for a while, the monitoring process doesn't seem to pick up the signal as well as the signal handling process. I could see in the log that the signal is only being generated but not handled at all. My code is given below #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <cstdio> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> using namespace std; double timestamp() { struct timeval tp; gettimeofday(&tp, NULL); return (double)tp.tv_sec + tp.tv_usec / 1000000.; } double getinterval() { srand(time(NULL)); int r = rand()%10 + 1; double s = (double)r/100; } int count; int count_1; int count_2; double time_1[10]; double time_2[10]; pid_t senders[1]; pid_t handlers[4]; pid_t reporter; void catcher(int sig) { printf("Signal catcher called for %d",sig); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { void signal_catcher_int(int); pid_t pid,w; int status; if(signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); return 1; } if(signal(SIGUSR2 ,SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); return 2; } if(signal(SIGINT,signal_catcher_int) == SIG_ERR) { perror("3"); return 2; } //Registering the signal handler for(int i=0; i<4; i++) { if((pid = fork()) == 0) { cout << i << endl; //struct sigaction sigact; sigset_t sigset; int sig; int result = 0; sigemptyset(&sigset); if(i%2 == 0) { if(signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); return 2; } sigaddset(&sigset, SIGUSR1); sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL); } else { if(signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); return 2; } sigaddset(&sigset, SIGUSR2); sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL); } while(true) { int result = sigwait(&sigset, &sig); if(result == 0) { cout << "The caught signal is " << sig << endl; } } exit(0); } else { cout << "Registerd the handler " << pid << endl; handlers[i] = pid; } } //Registering the monitoring process if((pid = fork()) == 0) { sigset_t sigset; int sig; int result = 0; sigemptyset(&sigset); sigaddset(&sigset, SIGUSR1); sigaddset(&sigset, SIGUSR2); sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL); while(true) { int result = sigwait(&sigset, &sig); if(result == 0) { cout << "The monitored signal is " << sig << endl; } else { cout << "error" << endl; } } } else { reporter = pid; } sleep(3); //Registering the signal generator for(int i=0; i<1; i++) { if((pid = fork()) == 0) { if(signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); return 1; } if(signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); return 2; } srand(time(0)); while(true) { volatile int signal_id = rand()%2 + 1; cout << "Generating the signal " << signal_id << endl; if(signal_id == 1) { killpg(getpgid(getpid()), SIGUSR1); } else { killpg(getpgid(getpid()), SIGUSR2); } int r = rand()%10 + 1; double s = (double)r/100; sleep(s); } exit(0); } else { cout << "Registered the sender " << pid << endl; senders[i] = pid; } } while(w = wait(&status)) { cout << "Wait on PID " << w << endl; } } void signal_catcher_int(int the_sig) { //cout << "Handling the Ctrl C signal " << endl; for(int i=0; i<1; i++) { kill(senders[i],SIGKILL); } for(int i=0; i<4; i++) { kill(handlers[i],SIGKILL); } kill(reporter,SIGKILL); exit(3); } Any suggestions? Here is a sample of the output as well In the beginning Registerd the handler 9544 Registerd the handler 9545 1 Registerd the handler 9546 Registerd the handler 9547 2 3 0 Registered the sender 9550 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 10 The monitored signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 10 The monitored signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 10 The monitored signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 10 The monitored signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 2 The caught signal is 12 The caught signal is 12 The monitored signal is 12 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 The caught signal is 12 The caught signal is 12 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 12 The monitored signal is 10 The monitored signal is 12 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 The caught signal is 12 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 10 The monitored signal is 10 The caught signal is 12 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 12 The monitored signal is GenThe caught signal is TheThe caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 2 Later on The monitored signal is GenThe monitored signal is 10 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 The caught signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 The caught signal is 12 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 The caught signal is 12 The caught signal is 10 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 2 The caught signal is 10 Generating the signal 2 Generating the signal 1 Generating the signal 1 As you can see initially, the signal was generated and handled both by my signal handlers and monitoring processes. But later on the signal was generated a lot, but it was not quite processes in the same magnitude as before. Further I could see very less signal processing by the monitoring process Can anyone please provide some insights. What's going on?

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  • Automatically create bug resolution task using the TFS 2010 API

    - by Bob Hardister
    My customer requires bug resolution to be approved and tracked.  To minimize the overhead for developers I implemented a TFS 2010 server-side plug-in to automatically create a child resolution task for the bug when the “CCB” field is set to approved. The CCB field is a custom field.  I also added the story points field to the bug WIT for sizing purposes. Redundant tasks will not be created unless the bug title is changed or the prior task is closed. The program writes an audit trail to a log file visible in the TFS Admin Console Log view. Here’s the code. BugAutoTask.cs /* SPECIFICATION * When the CCB field on the bug is set to approved, create a child task where the task: * name = Resolve bug [ID] - [Title of bug] * assigned to = same as assigned to field on the bug * same area path * same iteration path * activity = Bug Resolution * original estimate = bug points * * The source code is used to build a dll (Ows.TeamFoundation.BugAutoTaskCreation.PlugIns.dll), * which needs to be copied to * C:\Program Files\Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010\Application Tier\Web Services\bin\Plugins * on ALL TFS application-tier servers. * * Author: Bob Hardister. */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Xml; using System.Text; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Common; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Server; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Server; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client; using System.Collections; namespace BugAutoTaskCreation { public class BugAutoTask : ISubscriber { public EventNotificationStatus ProcessEvent(TeamFoundationRequestContext requestContext, NotificationType notificationType, object notificationEventArgs, out int statusCode, out string statusMessage, out ExceptionPropertyCollection properties) { statusCode = 0; properties = null; statusMessage = String.Empty; // Error message for for tracing last code executed and optional fields string lastStep = "No field values found or set "; try { if ((notificationType == NotificationType.Notification) && (notificationEventArgs.GetType() == typeof(WorkItemChangedEvent))) { WorkItemChangedEvent workItemChange = (WorkItemChangedEvent)notificationEventArgs; // see ConnectToTFS() method below to select which TFS instance/collection // to connect to TfsTeamProjectCollection tfs = ConnectToTFS(); WorkItemStore wiStore = tfs.GetService<WorkItemStore>(); lastStep = lastStep + ": connection to TFS successful "; // Get the work item that was just changed by the user. WorkItem witem = wiStore.GetWorkItem(workItemChange.CoreFields.IntegerFields[0].NewValue); lastStep = lastStep + ": retrieved changed work item, ID:" + witem.Id + " "; // Filter for Bug work items only if (witem.Type.Name == "Bug") { // DEBUG lastStep = lastStep + ": changed work item is a bug "; // Filter for CCB (i.e. Baseline Status) field set to approved only bool BaselineStatusChange = false; if (workItemChange.ChangedFields != null) { ProcessBugRevision(ref lastStep, workItemChange, wiStore, ref witem, ref BaselineStatusChange); } } } } catch (Exception e) { Trace.WriteLine(e.Message); Logger log = new Logger(); log.WriteLineToLog(MsgLevel.Error, "Application error: " + lastStep + " - " + e.Message + " - " + e.InnerException); } statusCode = 1; statusMessage = "Bug Auto Task Evaluation Completed"; properties = null; return EventNotificationStatus.ActionApproved; } // PRIVATE METHODS private static void ProcessBugRevision(ref string lastStep, WorkItemChangedEvent workItemChange, WorkItemStore wiStore, ref WorkItem witem, ref bool BaselineStatusChange) { foreach (StringField field in workItemChange.ChangedFields.StringFields) { // DEBUG lastStep = lastStep + ": last changed field is - " + field.Name + " "; if (field.Name == "Baseline Status") { lastStep = lastStep + ": retrieved bug baseline status field value, bug ID:" + witem.Id + " "; BaselineStatusChange = (field.NewValue != field.OldValue); if ((BaselineStatusChange) && (field.NewValue == "Approved")) { // Instanciate logger Logger log = new Logger(); // *** Create resolution task for this bug *** // ******************************************* // Get the team project and selected field values of the bug work item Project teamProject = witem.Project; int bugID = witem.Id; string bugTitle = witem.Fields["System.Title"].Value.ToString(); string bugAssignedTo = witem.Fields["System.AssignedTo"].Value.ToString(); string bugAreaPath = witem.Fields["System.AreaPath"].Value.ToString(); string bugIterationPath = witem.Fields["System.IterationPath"].Value.ToString(); string bugChangedBy = witem.Fields["System.ChangedBy"].OriginalValue.ToString(); string bugTeamProject = witem.Project.Name; lastStep = lastStep + ": all mandatory bug field values found "; // Optional fields Field bugPoints = witem.Fields["Microsoft.VSTS.Scheduling.StoryPoints"]; if (bugPoints.Value != null) { lastStep = lastStep + ": all mandatory and optional bug field values found "; } // Initialize child resolution task title string childTaskTitle = "Resolve bug " + bugID + " - " + bugTitle; // At this point I can check if a resolution task (of the same name) // for the bug already exist // If so, do not create a new resolution task bool createResolutionTask = true; WorkItem parentBug = wiStore.GetWorkItem(bugID); WorkItemLinkCollection links = parentBug.WorkItemLinks; foreach (WorkItemLink wil in links) { if (wil.LinkTypeEnd.Name == "Child") { WorkItem childTask = wiStore.GetWorkItem(wil.TargetId); if ((childTask.Title == childTaskTitle) && (childTask.State != "Closed")) { createResolutionTask = false; log.WriteLineToLog(MsgLevel.Info, "Team project " + bugTeamProject + ": " + bugChangedBy + " - set the CCB field to \"Approved\" for bug, ID: " + bugID + ". Task not created as open one of the same name already exist, ID:" + childTask.Id); } } } if (createResolutionTask) { // Define the work item type of the new work item WorkItemTypeCollection workItemTypes = wiStore.Projects[teamProject.Name].WorkItemTypes; WorkItemType wiType = workItemTypes["Task"]; // Setup the new task and assign field values witem = new WorkItem(wiType); witem.Fields["System.Title"].Value = "Resolve bug " + bugID + " - " + bugTitle; witem.Fields["System.AssignedTo"].Value = bugAssignedTo; witem.Fields["System.AreaPath"].Value = bugAreaPath; witem.Fields["System.IterationPath"].Value = bugIterationPath; witem.Fields["Microsoft.VSTS.Common.Activity"].Value = "Bug Resolution"; lastStep = lastStep + ": all mandatory task field values set "; // Optional fields if (bugPoints.Value != null) { witem.Fields["Microsoft.VSTS.Scheduling.OriginalEstimate"].Value = bugPoints.Value; lastStep = lastStep + ": all mandatory and optional task field values set "; } // Check for validation errors before saving the new task and linking it to the bug ArrayList validationErrors = witem.Validate(); if (validationErrors.Count == 0) { witem.Save(); // Link the new task (child) to the bug (parent) var linkType = wiStore.WorkItemLinkTypes[CoreLinkTypeReferenceNames.Hierarchy]; // Fetch the work items to be linked var parentWorkItem = wiStore.GetWorkItem(bugID); int taskID = witem.Id; var childWorkItem = wiStore.GetWorkItem(taskID); // Add a new link to the parent relating the child and save it parentWorkItem.Links.Add(new WorkItemLink(linkType.ForwardEnd, childWorkItem.Id)); parentWorkItem.Save(); log.WriteLineToLog(MsgLevel.Info, "Team project " + bugTeamProject + ": " + bugChangedBy + " - set the CCB field to \"Approved\" for bug, ID:" + bugID + ", which automatically created child resolution task, ID:" + taskID); } else { log.WriteLineToLog(MsgLevel.Error, "Error in creating bug resolution child task for bug ID:" + bugID); foreach (Field taskField in validationErrors) { log.WriteLineToLog(MsgLevel.Error, " - Validation Error in task field: " + taskField.ReferenceName); } } } } } } } private TfsTeamProjectCollection ConnectToTFS() { // Connect to TFS string tfsUri = string.Empty; // Production TFS instance production collection tfsUri = @"xxxx"; // Production TFS instance admin collection //tfsUri = @"xxxxx"; // Local TFS testing instance default collection //tfsUri = @"xxxxx"; TfsTeamProjectCollection tfs = new TfsTeamProjectCollection(new System.Uri(tfsUri)); tfs.EnsureAuthenticated(); return tfs; } // HELPERS public string Name { get { return "Bug Auto Task Creation Event Handler"; } } public SubscriberPriority Priority { get { return SubscriberPriority.Normal; } } public enum MsgLevel { Info, Warning, Error }; public Type[] SubscribedTypes() { return new Type[1] { typeof(WorkItemChangedEvent) }; } } } Logger.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace BugAutoTaskCreation { class Logger { // fields private string _ApplicationDirectory = @"C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Team Foundation\Server Configuration\Logs"; private string _LogFileName = @"\CFG_ACCT_AT_OWS_BugAutoTaskCreation.log"; private string _LogFile; private string _LogTimestamp = DateTime.Now.ToString("MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss"); private string _MsgLevelText = string.Empty; // default constructor public Logger() { // check for a prior log file FileInfo logFile = new FileInfo(_ApplicationDirectory + _LogFileName); if (!logFile.Exists) { CreateNewLogFile(ref logFile); } } // properties public string ApplicationDirectory { get { return _ApplicationDirectory; } set { _ApplicationDirectory = value; } } public string LogFile { get { _LogFile = _ApplicationDirectory + _LogFileName; return _LogFile; } set { _LogFile = value; } } // PUBLIC METHODS public void WriteLineToLog(BugAutoTask.MsgLevel msgLevel, string logRecord) { try { // set msgLevel text if (msgLevel == BugAutoTask.MsgLevel.Info) { _MsgLevelText = "[Info @" + MsgTimeStamp() + "] "; } else if (msgLevel == BugAutoTask.MsgLevel.Warning) { _MsgLevelText = "[Warning @" + MsgTimeStamp() + "] "; } else if (msgLevel == BugAutoTask.MsgLevel.Error) { _MsgLevelText = "[Error @" + MsgTimeStamp() + "] "; } else { _MsgLevelText = "[Error: unsupported message level @" + MsgTimeStamp() + "] "; } // write a line to the log file StreamWriter logFile = new StreamWriter(_ApplicationDirectory + _LogFileName, true); logFile.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + logRecord); logFile.Close(); } catch (Exception) { throw; } } // PRIVATE METHODS private void CreateNewLogFile(ref FileInfo logFile) { try { string logFilePath = logFile.FullName; // write the log file header _MsgLevelText = "[Info @" + MsgTimeStamp() + "] "; string cpu = string.Empty; if (Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem) { cpu = " (x64)"; } StreamWriter newLog = new StreamWriter(logFilePath, false); newLog.Flush(); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "===================================================================="); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Team Foundation Server Administration Log"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Version : " + "1.0.0 Author: Bob Hardister"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "DateTime : " + _LogTimestamp); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Type : " + "OWS Custom TFS API Plug-in"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Activity : " + "Bug Auto Task Creation for CCB Approved Bugs"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Area : " + "Build Explorer"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Assembly : " + "Ows.TeamFoundation.BugAutoTaskCreation.PlugIns.dll"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Location : " + @"C:\Program Files\Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010\Application Tier\Web Services\bin\Plugins"); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "User : " + Environment.UserDomainName + @"\" + Environment.UserName); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "Machine : " + Environment.MachineName); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "System : " + Environment.OSVersion + cpu); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText + "===================================================================="); newLog.WriteLine(_MsgLevelText); newLog.Close(); } catch (Exception) { throw; } } private string MsgTimeStamp() { string msgTimestamp = string.Empty; return msgTimestamp = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff"); } } }

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  • Combine 3D objects in XNA 4

    - by Christoph
    Currently I am writing on my thesis for university, the theme I am working on is 3D Visualization of hierarchical structures using cone trees. I want to do is to draw a cone and arrange a number of spheres at the bottom of the cone. The spheres should be arranged according to the radius and the number of spheres correctly. As you can imagine I need a lot of these cone/sphere combinations. First Attempt I was able to find some tutorials that helped with drawing cones and spheres. Cone public Cone(GraphicsDevice device, float height, int tessellation, string name, List<Sphere> children) { //prepare children and calculate the children spacing and radius of the cone if (children == null || children.Count == 0) { throw new ArgumentNullException("children"); } this.Height = height; this.Name = name; this.Children = children; //create the cone if (tessellation < 3) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("tessellation"); } //Create a ring of triangels around the outside of the cones bottom for (int i = 0; i < tessellation; i++) { Vector3 normal = this.GetCircleVector(i, tessellation); // add the vertices for the top of the cone base.AddVertex(Vector3.Up * height, normal); //add the bottom circle base.AddVertex(normal * this.radius + Vector3.Down * height, normal); //Add indices base.AddIndex(i * 2); base.AddIndex(i * 2 + 1); base.AddIndex((i * 2 + 2) % (tessellation * 2)); base.AddIndex(i * 2 + 1); base.AddIndex((i * 2 + 3) % (tessellation * 2)); base.AddIndex((i * 2 + 2) % (tessellation * 2)); } //create flate triangle to seal the bottom this.CreateCap(tessellation, height, this.Radius, Vector3.Down); base.InitializePrimitive(device); } Sphere public void Initialize(GraphicsDevice device, Vector3 qi) { int verticalSegments = this.Tesselation; int horizontalSegments = this.Tesselation * 2; //single vertex on the bottom base.AddVertex((qi * this.Radius) + this.lowering, Vector3.Down); for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments; i++) { float latitude = ((i + 1) * MathHelper.Pi / verticalSegments) - MathHelper.PiOver2; float dy = (float)Math.Sin(latitude); float dxz = (float)Math.Cos(latitude); //Create a singe ring of latitudes for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { float longitude = j * MathHelper.TwoPi / horizontalSegments; float dx = (float)Math.Cos(longitude) * dxz; float dz = (float)Math.Sin(longitude) * dxz; Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, dz); base.AddVertex(normal * this.Radius, normal); } } // Finish with a single vertex at the top of the sphere. AddVertex((qi * this.Radius) + this.lowering, Vector3.Up); // Create a fan connecting the bottom vertex to the bottom latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { AddIndex(0); AddIndex(1 + (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); AddIndex(1 + i); } // Fill the sphere body with triangles joining each pair of latitude rings. for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 2; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { int nextI = i + 1; int nextJ = (j + 1) % horizontalSegments; base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + j); base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); } } // Create a fan connecting the top vertex to the top latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { base.AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 1); base.AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); base.AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - i); } base.InitializePrimitive(device); } The tricky part now is to arrange the spheres at the bottom of the cone. I tried is to draw just the cone and then draw the spheres. I need a lot of these cones, so it would be pretty hard to calculate all the positions correctly. Second Attempt So the second try was to generate a object that builds all vertices of the cone and all of the spheres at once. So I was hoping to render a cone with all its spheres arranged correctly. After a short debug I found out that the cone is created and the first sphere, when it turn of the second sphere I am running into an OutOfBoundsException of ushort.MaxValue. Cone and Spheres public ConeWithSpheres(GraphicsDevice device, float height, float coneDiameter, float sphereDiameter, int coneTessellation, int sphereTessellation, int numberOfSpheres) { if (coneTessellation < 3) { throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("{0} is to small for the tessellation of the cone. The number must be greater or equal to 3", coneTessellation)); } if (sphereTessellation < 3) { throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("{0} is to small for the tessellation of the sphere. The number must be greater or equal to 3", sphereTessellation)); } //set properties this.Height = height; this.ConeDiameter = coneDiameter; this.SphereDiameter = sphereDiameter; this.NumberOfChildren = numberOfSpheres; //end set properties //generate the cone this.GenerateCone(device, coneTessellation); //generate the spheres //vector that defines the Y position of the sphere on the cones bottom Vector3 lowering = new Vector3(0, 0.888f, 0); this.GenerateSpheres(device, sphereTessellation, numberOfSpheres, lowering); } // ------ GENERATE CONE ------ private void GenerateCone(GraphicsDevice device, int coneTessellation) { int doubleTessellation = coneTessellation * 2; //Create a ring of triangels around the outside of the cones bottom for (int index = 0; index < coneTessellation; index++) { Vector3 normal = this.GetCircleVector(index, coneTessellation); //add the vertices for the top of the cone base.AddVertex(Vector3.Up * this.Height, normal); //add the bottom of the cone base.AddVertex(normal * this.ConeRadius + Vector3.Down * this.Height, normal); //add indices base.AddIndex(index * 2); base.AddIndex(index * 2 + 1); base.AddIndex((index * 2 + 2) % doubleTessellation); base.AddIndex(index * 2 + 1); base.AddIndex((index * 2 + 3) % doubleTessellation); base.AddIndex((index * 2 + 2) % doubleTessellation); } //create flate triangle to seal the bottom this.CreateCap(coneTessellation, this.Height, this.ConeRadius, Vector3.Down); base.InitializePrimitive(device); } // ------ GENERATE SPHERES ------ private void GenerateSpheres(GraphicsDevice device, int sphereTessellation, int numberOfSpheres, Vector3 lowering) { int verticalSegments = sphereTessellation; int horizontalSegments = sphereTessellation * 2; for (int childCount = 1; childCount < numberOfSpheres; childCount++) { //single vertex at the bottom of the sphere base.AddVertex((this.GetCircleVector(childCount, this.NumberOfChildren) * this.SphereRadius) + lowering, Vector3.Down); for (int verticalSegmentsCount = 0; verticalSegmentsCount < verticalSegments; verticalSegmentsCount++) { float latitude = ((verticalSegmentsCount + 1) * MathHelper.Pi / verticalSegments) - MathHelper.PiOver2; float dy = (float)Math.Sin(latitude); float dxz = (float)Math.Cos(latitude); //create a single ring of latitudes for (int horizontalSegmentsCount = 0; horizontalSegmentsCount < horizontalSegments; horizontalSegmentsCount++) { float longitude = horizontalSegmentsCount * MathHelper.TwoPi / horizontalSegments; float dx = (float)Math.Cos(longitude) * dxz; float dz = (float)Math.Sin(longitude) * dxz; Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, dz); base.AddVertex((normal * this.SphereRadius) + lowering, normal); } } //finish with a single vertex at the top of the sphere base.AddVertex((this.GetCircleVector(childCount, this.NumberOfChildren) * this.SphereRadius) + lowering, Vector3.Up); //create a fan connecting the bottom vertex to the bottom latitude ring for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { base.AddIndex(0); base.AddIndex(1 + (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); base.AddIndex(1 + i); } //Fill the sphere body with triangles joining each pair of latitude rings for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 2; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { int nextI = i + 1; int nextJ = (j + 1) % horizontalSegments; base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + j); base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); base.AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + nextJ); base.AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); } } //create a fan connecting the top vertiex to the top latitude for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { base.AddIndex(this.CurrentVertex - 1); base.AddIndex(this.CurrentVertex - 2 - (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); base.AddIndex(this.CurrentVertex - 2 - i); } base.InitializePrimitive(device); } } Any ideas how I could fix this?

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  • Using LINQ to Twitter OAuth with Windows 8

    - by Joe Mayo
    In previous posts, I explained how to use LINQ to Twitter with Windows 8, but the example was a Twitter Search, which didn’t require authentication. Much of the Twitter API requires authentication, so this post will explain how you can perform OAuth authentication with LINQ to Twitter in a Windows 8 Metro-style application. Getting Started I have earlier posts on how to create a Windows 8 app and add pages, so I’ll assume it isn’t necessary to repeat here. One difference is that I’m using Visual Studio 2012 RC and some of the terminology and/or library code might be slightly different.  Here are steps to get started: Create a new Windows metro style app, selecting the Blank App project template. Create a new Basic Page and name it OAuth.xaml.  Note: You’ll receive a prompt window for adding files and you should click Yes because those files are necessary for this demo. Add a new Basic Page named TweetPage.xaml. Open App.xaml.cs and change !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage)) to !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(TweetPage)). Now that the project is set up you’ll see the reason why authentication is required by setting up the TweetPage. Setting Up to Tweet a Status In this section, I’ll show you how to set up the XAML and code-behind for a tweet.  The tweet logic will check to see if the user is authenticated before performing the tweet. To tweet, I put a TextBox and Button on the XAML page. The following code omits most of the page, concentrating primarily on the elements of interest in this post: <StackPanel Grid.Row="1"> <TextBox Name="TweetTextBox" Margin="15" /> <Button Name="TweetButton" Content="Tweet" Click="TweetButton_Click" Margin="15,0" /> </StackPanel> Given the UI above, the user types the message they want to tweet, and taps Tweet. This invokes TweetButton_Click, which checks to see if the user is authenticated.  If the user is not authenticated, the app navigates to the OAuth page.  If they are authenticated, LINQ to Twitter does an UpdateStatus to post the user’s tweet.  Here’s the TweetButton_Click implementation: void TweetButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { PinAuthorizer auth = null; if (SuspensionManager.SessionState.ContainsKey("Authorizer")) { auth = SuspensionManager.SessionState["Authorizer"] as PinAuthorizer; } if (auth == null || !auth.IsAuthorized) { Frame.Navigate(typeof(OAuthPage)); return; } var twitterCtx = new TwitterContext(auth); Status tweet = twitterCtx.UpdateStatus(TweetTextBox.Text); new MessageDialog(tweet.Text, "Successful Tweet").ShowAsync(); } For authentication, this app uses PinAuthorizer, one of several authorizers available in the LINQ to Twitter library. I’ll explain how PinAuthorizer works in the next section. What’s important here is that LINQ to Twitter needs an authorizer to post a Tweet. The code above checks to see if a valid authorizer is available. To do this, it uses the SuspensionManager class, which is part of the code generated earlier when creating OAuthPage.xaml. The SessionState property is a Dictionary<string, object> and I’m using the Authorizer key to store the PinAuthorizer.  If the user previously authorized during this session, the code reads the PinAuthorizer instance from SessionState and assigns it to the auth variable. If the user is authorized, auth would not be null and IsAuthorized would be true. Otherwise, the app navigates the user to OAuthPage.xaml, which I’ll discuss in more depth in the next section. When the user is authorized, the code passes the authorizer, auth, to the TwitterContext constructor. LINQ to Twitter uses the auth instance to build OAuth signatures for each interaction with Twitter.  You no longer need to write any more code to make this happen. The code above accepts the tweet just posted in the Status instance, tweet, and displays a message with the text to confirm success to the user. You can pull the PinAuthorizer instance from SessionState, instantiate your TwitterContext, and use it as you need. Just remember to make sure you have a valid authorizer, like the code above. As shown earlier, the code navigates to OAuthPage.xaml when a valid authorizer isn’t available. The next section shows how to perform the authorization upon arrival at OAuthPage.xaml. Doing the OAuth Dance This section shows how to authenticate with LINQ to Twitter’s built-in OAuth support. From the user perspective, they must be navigated to the Twitter authentication page, add credentials, be navigated to a Pin number page, and then enter that Pin in the Windows 8 application. The following XAML shows the relevant elements that the user will interact with during this process. <StackPanel Grid.Row="2"> <WebView x:Name="OAuthWebBrowser" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="400" Margin="15" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="700" /> <TextBlock Text="Please perform OAuth process (above), enter Pin (below) when ready, and tap Authenticate:" Margin="15,15,15,5" /> <TextBox Name="PinTextBox" Margin="15,0,15,15" Width="432" HorizontalAlignment="Left" IsEnabled="False" /> <Button Name="AuthenticatePinButton" Content="Authenticate" Margin="15" IsEnabled="False" Click="AuthenticatePinButton_Click" /> </StackPanel> The WebView in the code above is what allows the user to see the Twitter authentication page. The TextBox is for entering the Pin, and the Button invokes code that will take the Pin and allow LINQ to Twitter to complete the authentication process. As you can see, there are several steps to OAuth authentication, but LINQ to Twitter tries to minimize the amount of code you have to write. The two important parts of the code to make this happen are the part that starts the authentication process and the part that completes the authentication process. The following code, from OAuthPage.xaml.cs, shows a couple events that are instrumental in making this process happen: public OAuthPage() { this.InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += OAuthPage_Loaded; OAuthWebBrowser.LoadCompleted += OAuthWebBrowser_LoadCompleted; } The OAuthWebBrowser_LoadCompleted event handler enables UI controls when the browser is done loading – notice that the TextBox and Button in the previous XAML have their IsEnabled attributes set to False. When the Page.Loaded event is invoked, the OAuthPage_Loaded handler starts the OAuth process, shown here: void OAuthPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { auth = new PinAuthorizer { Credentials = new InMemoryCredentials { ConsumerKey = "", ConsumerSecret = "" }, UseCompression = true, GoToTwitterAuthorization = pageLink => Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () => OAuthWebBrowser.Navigate(new Uri(pageLink, UriKind.Absolute))) }; auth.BeginAuthorize(resp => Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () => { switch (resp.Status) { case TwitterErrorStatus.Success: break; case TwitterErrorStatus.RequestProcessingException: case TwitterErrorStatus.TwitterApiError: new MessageDialog(resp.Error.ToString(), resp.Message).ShowAsync(); break; } })); } The PinAuthorizer, auth, a field of this class instantiated in the code above, assigns keys to the Credentials property. These are credentials that come from registering an application with Twitter, explained in the LINQ to Twitter documentation, Securing Your Applications. Notice how I use Dispatcher.RunAsync to marshal the web browser navigation back onto the UI thread. Internally, LINQ to Twitter invokes the lambda expression assigned to GoToTwitterAuthorization when starting the OAuth process.  In this case, we want the WebView control to navigate to the Twitter authentication page, which is defined with a default URL in LINQ to Twitter and passed to the GoToTwitterAuthorization lambda as pageLink. Then you need to start the authorization process by calling BeginAuthorize. This starts the OAuth dance, running asynchronously.  LINQ to Twitter invokes the callback assigned to the BeginAuthorize parameter, allowing you to take whatever action you need, based on the Status of the response, resp. As mentioned earlier, this is where the user performs the authentication process, enters the Pin, and clicks authenticate. The handler for authenticate completes the process and saves the authorizer for subsequent use by the application, as shown below: void AuthenticatePinButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { auth.CompleteAuthorize( PinTextBox.Text, completeResp => Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () => { switch (completeResp.Status) { case TwitterErrorStatus.Success: SuspensionManager.SessionState["Authorizer"] = auth; Frame.Navigate(typeof(TweetPage)); break; case TwitterErrorStatus.RequestProcessingException: case TwitterErrorStatus.TwitterApiError: new MessageDialog(completeResp.Error.ToString(), completeResp.Message).ShowAsync(); break; } })); } The PinAuthorizer CompleteAuthorize method takes two parameters: Pin and callback. The Pin is from what the user entered in the TextBox prior to clicking the Authenticate button that invoked this method. The callback handles the response from completing the OAuth process. The completeResp holds information about the results of the operation, indicated by a Status property of type TwitterErrorStatus. On success, the code assigns auth to SessionState. You might remember SessionState from the previous description of TweetPage – this is where the valid authorizer comes from. After saving the authorizer, the code navigates the user back to TweetPage, where they can type in a message, click the Tweet button, and observe that they have successfully tweeted. Summary You’ve seen how to get started with using LINQ to Twitter in a Metro-style application. The generated code contained a SuspensionManager class with way to manage information across multiple pages via its SessionState property. You also saw how LINQ to Twitter performs authorization in two steps of starting the process and completing the process when the user provides a Pin number. Remember to marshal callback thread back onto the UI – you saw earlier how to use Dispatcher.RunAsync to accomplish this. There were a few steps in the process, but LINQ to Twitter did minimize the amount of code you needed to write to make it happen. You can download the MetroOAuthDemo.zip sample on the LINQ to Twitter Samples Page.   @JoeMayo

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