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  • Should concrete classes avoid calling other concrete classes, except for data objects?

    - by Kazark
    In Appendix A to The Art of Unit Testing, Roy Osherove, speaking about ways to write testable code from the start, says, An abstract class shouldn't call concrete classes, and concerete classes shouldn't call concrete classes either, unless they're data objects (objects holding data, with no behavior). (259) The first half of the sentence is simply Dependency Inversion from SOLID. The second half seems rather extreme to me. That means that every time I'm going to write a class that isn't a simple data structure, which is most classes, I should write an interface or abstract class first, right? Is it really worthwhile to go that far in defining abstract classes an interfaces? Can anyone explain why in more detail, or refute it in spite of its benefit for testability?

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  • Designing and refactoring of payment logic

    - by jokklan
    Im currently working on an application that helps users to coordinate dinner clubs and all related accounting. (A dinner club is where people in a group, take turns to cook for the rest and then you pay a small amount to participate. This is pretty normal in dorms and colleges where im from). However there is some different models that all have a price and the accounting aspect is therefore a little spread. We both have DinnerClub, ShoppingItem and are about to implement the third Payment when users pay their debts (or get refunded for expenses). Each of these have a "price" attribute and a users expense (that he or she needs refunded) is calculated by the total of these "prices" minus what other users have bought and he or she have used/participated in. My question is then if someone have some hints to refactor this bring all this behavior together in one place? For now have i thought about a Transaction class that are responsible for this behaviour, but I'm a little worried about the performance impact on having to query for another polymorphic record each time i want to show the price on dinner clubs and shopping items (i have a standard index page with a list for both so it's a lot of extra records being queried)...

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  • Is it common to only pay developers for the time they said a project would take?

    - by BAM
    I work at a small startup (<10 people), and I was recently assigned (along with one other developer) to a relatively small project. The project involved moving an existing iOS app to Android. The client told us they had built the app for iOS in 300 man-hours. Not knowing at the time that this figure was completely false, we naively and optimistically assumed that if they could build the app from scratch in that amount of time, we could easily "port" it in a similar amount of time. Therefore, we drafted up a fixed-price contract based on 350 man-hours, with a 5 week deadline. (We are well aware now of how big of a mistake this was... Never let the client tell you how long it's going to take!) Anyway, by week 4 we had already surpassed our 350 hours, and we estimated that there were at least 2 more weeks left on the project. We were told to continue working, but that the company could not afford to pay out on overdue projects anymore. I thought this just meant "be more careful about estimates in the future". However a few weeks later, the company president informed us that we would not be getting paid for any time past 350 man-hours. We argued over the issue for almost an hour. He claimed, however, that this is standard practice for many organizations, and that I was unreasonable for making a big deal out of it. So is this really a common thing, or am I justified in being upset about it? Thanks in advance for any advice!

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  • When is it reasonable to create my own programming language?

    - by Daniel Rikowski
    Are there types of killer applications, classes of algorithmic problems, etc., where it is better, in the long run, to create my own language? PS: Just to be sure, I mean a new programming language and a compiler, not a new compiler for an existing language. EDIT: Thank you for the answers. Can you provide some examples, where it is absolutly unnecessary to create a DSL or cases in which a DSL might be a good idea?

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  • Correct way to sell commercial product with GPL small scripts in it

    - by Victor
    I'm developing a commercial cms. I'm going to sell this cms. I use jQuery, also I use date and time picker jQuery plugin in my cms, I can say this is just a 1% of my big script, I don't want sell my whole program as GPL because of these two small integrations (jQuery and DateTime picker). Please ask on these questions: I'm worry about license issue. What is the best way to sell my product(licensing type)? Is there any way to provide some partial licenses? I mean just add small notification in my license that the jQuery and The DateTime picker is still in GPL, but other part of this CMS has commercial license? If there isn't any way to sell commercial product as close source with GPL small parts, what is the most strong license for selling my product to keep it safe? Please sorry for my English

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  • Options for Application Registry

    - by Matt Felzani
    I work for a small software company (about 200 people building 8-10 applications) and I was hoping to get some advice on products that might be out there to manage the information of which clients are using which versions of our products? The most fundamental relationship would be that a "product" has "versions" and a given "version" is used by a "client." Uses would be: Determine which clients use which products Determine which clients are on which versions of a product Determine which clients are exposed to which vulnerabilities because of the version they use Determine which clients cannot move to a new version because of a vulnerability in the new version that they may hit Determine which clients should be approached for an upgrade Any thoughts or product reviews would be greatly appreciated! Thanks in advance.

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  • Observer pattern for unpredictable observation time

    - by JoJo
    I have a situation where objects are created at unpredictable times. Some of these objects are created before an important event, some after. If the event already happened, I make the object execute stuff right away. If the event is forthcoming, I make the object observe the event. When the event triggers, the object is notified and executes the same code. if (subject.eventAlreadyHappened()) { observer.executeStuff(); } else { subject.subscribe(observer); } Is there another design pattern to wrap or even replace this observer pattern? I think it looks a little dirty to me.

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  • Apple Developer Program ( Company or single )?

    - by fragant1996
    Me and my brother are both undergraduates in CS. Each one of us has a iPhone and a Macbook. So we decided to develop for the iOS devices. Now we want to create a Apple Developer account, but we just want to have 1 account. Should we share one "single developer account" OR one company account? The price is the same. Since we are both "just" students, we don't have a registered company. 1. Which one should we take ? 2. What are the differences ?

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  • The use of LGPL for Commercial use

    - by Smarty Twiti
    I am trying to make my first app for sale, I would like to ask some questions for those who have already sold their software: Have you used a Framework/Lib whose LGPL License? if yes, what are the impressions of your customers? for example, if your customers/ competitors from the market reveal technology/secrets that you used in your solution (as LGPL requires that you make a Dynamic Link (.DLL) for your libs and you clearly tell the use of a Lib/Framework ...). Full story: For my project, I used a framework LGPL/commercial (Dual License) the second one it was too expensive (about 3000 USD) which pushed me to use LGPL.. however I still concerned.. That is why I ask for advise and especially motivations... Please do not hesitate to participate... Thanks in advance.

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  • Using implode, explode etc.. on one line vs separating them into multiple lines with meaningful variable names

    - by zhenka
    I see a lot of people coding in PHP being rather proud if they manage to write a complicated one line statement that does clever things. But what is the advantage? It is not only harder to keep in once head while writing, but makes code much less readable. In my opinion reading short statements, if well written, can be like reading an essay, while complicated one liners can potentially make me pause and think for much longer then it would take for the coder to simply separate them into meaningful units. Am I wrong in thinking this? How would you go about proving your point to another programmer regarding this?

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  • Designing call center applications, what to consider.

    - by Espen Schulstad
    We have customers calling in to place orders. What sort of considerations should I make when building a call center application. Speed is a factor here. We had a powerbuilder application that was extremly fast for a trained user. We want to have the same sort of speed in our new production system. So some thoughts I've made are: Hotkeys are important. Is it faster to use a "wizard", step by step, or should I try to place everything important about the order logically on one sceen and have another screen where you do all searches, pertinent for that order?

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  • Registering in the iOS developer program as a minor

    - by maxluzuriaga
    Hi there. Recently I started learning to develop Apps for iOS, and while the simulator is fine for starting out, I've gotten to the point that I really should be testing the Apps I write on an actual device. As I'm sure you are well aware, to do this you must be a member of the $99/year iOS developer program, which also allows you to publish on the App Store. I'm more than happy to pay the fee, but my problem is that I'm still a minor, and to join the developer program you must be over 18 in the U.S. (I'm not sure how it works in other countries). I've talked to a few others that were in a similar position, but their responses have been varied. From what I've gathered, the best course of action is to register in the name of one of my parents. My problem with this is that if I were to ever publish an App on the store, it would be ideal to have my name as the seller instead of my Dad's. It wouldn't be the end of the world if this happened, but as I said, this wouldn't be ideal. Now I turn to you; is this a good plan? Have any of you been in this position or known somebody who has? Any other tips would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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  • I do not have a degree but have 7 years of experience with ASP.NET, C#, can a institute offer me a degree?

    - by Asif
    Hi, I couldn't find time and money to study due to financial issues,however I managed to land some good jobs and projects and 2 multinational and my portfolio now has good clients on it too, however I still feel that I lack something important so was wondering if someone knows an college/university that offers degrees if you are a qualified professional, I'm also willing to study for few weeks if required.

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  • Best Resources for learning SQL? [closed]

    - by Simon
    Possible Duplicate: Good Books and videos for absolute beginner to SQL I have landed a role as a product engineer for a web based product. A big part of the product is allowing its users the ability to create queries with SQL to pull in business information from their back end databases. I know the very basics of SQL and need to spend some time getting a better grasp on SQL. I have the tutorial from w3schools on my ToDo list, but was hoping to get some answers that point me to good resources for learning SQL. I have no preference - I can buy a book (SQL For Dummies?), or online resources, online videos, audio, etc.

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  • VCS strategy with TeamCity and CI

    - by Luke Puplett
    I'm planning a strategy which seeks to allow automated deployment of a website codebase into QA and production on check-in. We're using the fabulous TeamCity. We want to control release to live production; i.e. not have every check-in on Trunk go live. So my plan is to use Trunk as QA. Committing to Trunk triggers deployment to QA. I will then have a Production branch which also triggers deployment on commit, to the live site. The idea is simply that Trunk represents the mainline codebase but it hasn't gone live yet. We can branch features and do daily pulls from Trunk into those feature branches as per normal and merge/re-integrate into Trunk when we're happy for it to go to QA. When the BAs give the nod, we then smash a bottle of champagne and merge Trunk to Production and out she goes. I've never seen it done like this. Other greenfield CI strategies involve hiding features and code from production via config - this codebase can't cope with that - or just having CI on QA and taking cuts and manually pushing to live. Does my plan sound alright?

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  • Learning by doing (and programming by trial and error)

    - by AlexBottoni
    How do you learn a new platform/toolkit while producing working code and keeping your codebase clean? When I know what I can do with the underlying platform and toolkit, I usually do this: I create a new branch (with GIT, in my case) I write a few unit tests (with JUnit, for example) I write my code until it passes my tests So far, so good. The problem is that very often I do not know what I can do with the toolkit because it is brand new to me. I work as a consulant so I cannot have my preferred language/platform/toolkit. I have to cope with whatever the customer uses for the task at hand. Most often, I have to deal (often in a hurry) with a large toolkit that I know very little so I'm forced to "learn by doing" (actually, programming by "trial and error") and this makes me anxious. Please note that, at some point in the learning process, usually I already have: read one or more five-stars books followed one or more web tutorials (writing working code a line at a time) created a couple of small experimental projects with my IDE (IntelliJ IDEA, at the moment. I use Eclipse, Netbeans and others, as well.) Despite all my efforts, at this point usually I can just have a coarse understanding of the platform/toolkit I have to use. I cannot yet grasp each and every detail. This means that each and every new feature that involves some data preparation and some non-trivial algorithm is a pain to implement and requires a lot of trial-and-error. Unfortunately, working by trial-and-error is neither safe nor easy. Actually, this is the phase that makes me most anxious: experimenting with a new toolkit while producing working code and keeping my codebase clean. Usually, at this stage I cannot use the Eclipse Scrapbook because the code I have to write is already too large and complex for this small tool. In the same way, I cannot use any more an indipendent small project for my experiments because I need to try the new code in place. I can just write my code in place and rely on GIT for a safe bail-out. This makes me anxious because this kind of intertwined, half-ripe code can rapidly become incredibly hard to manage. How do you face this phase of the development process? How do you learn-by-doing without making a mess of your codebase? Any tips&tricks, best practice or something like that?

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  • How do .so files avoid problems associated with passing header-only templates like MS dll files have?

    - by Doug T.
    Based on the discussion around this question. I'd like to know how .so files/the ELF format/the gcc toolchain avoid problems passing classes defined purely in header files (like the std library). According to Jan in that answer, the dynamic linker/loader only picks one version of such a class to load if its defined in two .so files. So if two .so files have two definitions, perhaps with different compiler options/etc, the dynamic linker can pick one to use. Is this correct? How does this work with inlining? For example, MSVC inlines templates aggressively. This makes the solution I describe above untenable for dlls. Does Gcc never inline header-only templates like the std library as MSVC does? If so wouldn't that make the functionality of ELF described above ineffective in these cases?

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  • Learning the basics

    - by Kevin
    I am a Linux server administrator first and foremost... Having said that, I have been asked by a former high school teacher of mine to teach students a bit about programming. Like any Linux administrator, I know my fair share of Python and Bash. The problem is that I know NOTHING about the lower level stuff like "machine code" and compilation. The main purpose of this series is to teach programming, not computer science, so I don't need a graduate degree's level of knowledge for this, they will be learning Python first and foremost. However, I would like to learn enough to at least broach the subject with them, any ideas where I can learn that kind of stuff relatively quickly?

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  • What workflow engines are companies using and would you use it again? [on hold]

    - by cbmeeks
    I've been asked to find out "what's out there" when it comes to workflow engines. We have projects where a workflow based development environment makes sense. I've looked a little into jBPM but it seemed to have a steep learning curve. Google seems to take me to commercial products or products that I think are open source but instead have very limited "community editions". I could simply be searching for the wrong terms. What I would like to know are what actual workflow based products have you used at your company and to what degree of success or failure was it? Would you use it again? Thanks.

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  • Replaceable parameter syntax meaning

    - by Alexander N.
    Replaceable parameter syntax for the console object in C#. I am taking the O'Reilly C# Course 1 and it is asking for a replaceable parameter syntax and it is not very clear on what that means. Currently I used this: double trouble = 99999.0009; double bubble = 11111.0001; Console.WriteLine(trouble * bubble); Am I missing the meaning of replaceable parameter syntax? Can someone provide an example for what I am looking for? Original question for the quiz: "Create two variables, both doubles, assign them numbers greater than 10,000, and include a decimal component. Output the result of multiplying the numbers together, but use replaceable parameter syntax of the Console object, and multiply the numbers within the call to the Console.WriteLine() method."

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  • easy visualization of usage statistics (web app)

    - by sova
    I have some usage queries for my web app's database, the results of which I want to display graphically. Is there an easy-to-use api that exists for this purpose? I want to show things like average query-time per user (a small user-base), average query time per day, and things like that. I think it would be cool to show these on a two-axis graph. I am displaying this data on my site, so a jQuery/javascript/html solution for rendering information into graphs would be ideal. Thank you :) P.S. I wasn't sure if I should ask this on SO, but I am looking more for which product to use, not how to program with it.

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  • Charging by the hour/project

    - by thesam18888
    This is related to a question I asked earlier - How to end a relationship with a client without pissing them off? What are your obligations when charging by the hour vs charging by project? If you agree to take on a project, give a rough estimate that it might take 10 days for you to work on and charge £X per hour - are you obligated to work for free after those 10 days are up and you have still not managed to complete your project due to unanticipated issues? What if you have delivered the project but bugs are found - should you fix these bugs for free if the 10 days are up or should you charge your client? Also, for the above project, what should be the result when you start on the project, but after the 10 days for whatever reason you have to give up and tell your client that you cannot do it anymore? I realise that this does nothing to build your reputation and relationship with the client but are you obligated to pay back the money paid to you or do you just deliver the half/nearly completed source code and help them find someone else to complete it? The reason I am asking the above questions is because I am very new to freelancing and would like to know how to deal with the above situations if they ever crop up. Thanks!

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  • k-d tree implementation [closed]

    - by user466441
    when i run my code and debugged,i got this error - this 0x00093584 {_Myproxy=0x00000000 _Mynextiter=0x00000000 } std::_Iterator_base12 * const - _Myproxy 0x00000000 {_Mycont=??? _Myfirstiter=??? } std::_Container_proxy * _Mycont CXX0017: Error: symbol "" not found _Myfirstiter CXX0030: Error: expression cannot be evaluated + _Mynextiter 0x00000000 {_Myproxy=??? _Mynextiter=??? } std::_Iterator_base12 * but i dont know what does it means,code is this #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; struct point { float x,y; }; vector<point>pointleft(4); vector<point>pointright(4); //we are going to implement two comparison function for x and y coordinates,we need it in calculation of median (we should sort vector //by x or y according to depth informaton,is depth even or odd. bool sortby_X(point &a,point &b) { return a.x<b.x; } bool sortby_Y(point &a,point &b) { return a.y<b.y; } //so i am going to implement to median finding algorithm,one for finding median by x and another find median by y point medianx(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_X); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } point mediany(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_Y); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } //now construct basic tree structure struct Tree { float x,y; Tree(point a) { x=a.x; y=a.y; } Tree *left; Tree *right; }; Tree * build_kd( Tree *root,vector<point>points,int depth) { point temp; if(points.size()==1)// that point is as a leaf { if(root==NULL) root=new Tree(points[0]); return root; } if(depth%2==0) { temp=medianx(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if (points[i].x<temp.x) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } else { temp=mediany(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if(points[i].y<temp.y) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } return build_kd(root->left,pointleft,depth+1); return build_kd(root->right,pointright,depth+1); } void print(Tree *root) { while(root!=NULL) { cout<<root->x<<" " <<root->y; print(root->left); print(root->right); } } int main() { int depth=0; Tree *root=NULL; vector<point>points(4); float x,y; int n=4; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { cin>>x>>y; points[i].x=x; points[i].y=y; } root=build_kd(root,points,depth); print(root); return 0; } i am trying ti implement in c++ this pseudo code tuple function build_kd_tree(int depth, set points): if points contains only one point: return that point as a leaf. if depth is even: Calculate the median x-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have x-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have x-values greater than or equal to the median. else: Calculate the median y-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have y-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have y-values greater than or equal to the median. treeLeft = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsLeft) treeRight = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsRight) return(median, treeLeft, treeRight) please help me what this error means?

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  • How should I architect a personal schedule manager that runs 24/7?

    - by Crawford Comeaux
    I've developed an ADHD management system for myself that's attempting to change multiple habits at once. I know this is counter to conventional wisdom, but I've tried the conventional for years & am now trying it my way. (just wanted to say that to try and prevent it from distracting people from the actual question) Anyway, I'd like to write something to run on a remote server that monitors me, helps me build/avoid certain habits, etc. What this amounts to is a system that: runs 24/7 may have multiple independent tasks to run at once may have tasks that require other tasks to run first lets tasks be scheduled by specific time, recurrence (ie. "run every 5 mins"), or interval (ie. "run from 2pm to 3pm") My first naive attempt at this was just a single PHP script scheduled to run every minute by cron (language was chosen in order to use a certain library, but no longer necessary). The logic behind when to run this or that portion of code got hairy pretty quick. So my question is how should I approach this from here? I'm not tied to any one language, though I'm partial to python/javascript. Thoughts: Could be done as a set of scripts that include a scheduling mechanism with one script per bit of logic...but the idea just feels wrong to me. Building it as a daemon could be helpful, but still unsure what to do about dozens of if-else statements for detecting the current time

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  • Ubiquitous Language and Custom types

    - by EdvRusj
    Note that my question is referring to those attributes that even on their own already represent a concept ( ie on their own provide a cohesive meaning ). Thus such attribute needs no additional functional support and as such is self-contained. I'm also well-aware that even with self-contained attributes the custom types may prove beneficial ( for example, they give the ability to add new behavior later, when business requirements change ). Thus, my question focuses only on whether custom types for self-contained attributes really enrich Ubiquitous Language UL a) I've read that in most cases, even simple, self-contained attributes should have custom, more descriptive types rather than basic value types ( double, string ... ), because among other things, descriptive types add to the UL, while the use of basic types instead weakens the language. I understand the importance of UL, but how does having a basic type for a self-contained attribute weaken the language, since with self-contained attributes the name of the attribute already adequately describes the concept and thus contributes to the UL vocabulary? For example, the term person_age already adequately explains the concept of quantifying the number of years a person has: class Person { string person_age; } so what could we possibly gain by also introducing the term ThingAge to the UL: class person { ThingAge person_age; } thanks

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