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  • iptables dos limit for all ports

    - by user973917
    I know how to use limit conntrack option to allow for DoS protection. However, I want to add a protection to limit no more than say 50 connections for each port. How can I do this? Basically, I want to make sure that each port can have no more than 50 connections, rather than globally applying 50 connections (which is what #2 does I believe?) Would I do something like: iptables -A INPUT --dport 1:65535 -m limit --limit 50/minute --limit-burst 50 -j ACCEPT or iptables -A INPUT -m limit --limit 50/minute --limit-burst 50 -j ACCEPT

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  • Mod_security questions and on User-Agent types

    - by Tiffany Walker
    Very new to mod_sec I want to block a UA string and I noticed there are a few types: SecRule HTTP_User-Agent SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:User-Agent What is the real difference between them? My block: SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:User-Agent "perl" "phase:2,pass,msg:'Perl based user agent identified'" Do I need to set a SecDefaultAction phase:2,deny,status:403,log,auditlog before that? Then any SecRule below that follows that action right?

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  • size of extent on LVM2

    - by piotrek
    in LVM1 there was a limit of 65k extends. So size of extent had to been chosen carefully between wasted space on partitions (to big extent) and maximal possible size of logical volume (too small extent). in lvm2 (according to http://docstore.mik.ua/manuals/hp-ux/en/5992-4589/apa.html) the limit is ~16 million extents. so the default size of 4mb gives ~60TB of LV size. so is there any point in making the extent larger than 4-16mb on a desktop? is there any performance degradation or other costs of having big number of extents?

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  • sendmail: how can I restrict access to clients that only have a valid certificate?

    - by lxg
    I want to reject all connections that don't present a valid SSL/TLS certificate. First of all is the access db file the correct one to be changing? I have already tried using the basic rule given in the documentation CertIssuer:/C=US/ST=California/O=endmail.org/OU=private/CN= Darth+20Mail+20+28Cert+29/[email protected] RELAY This will obviously need a rule afterward to filter and reject all that don't present the cert? Does anyone have any pointers as to what syntax I should use? wildcards? lxg

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  • Backtrack 4 internet problem/vmware tools

    - by Meiko
    Hi i recently installed "Backtrack 4" on my vmware workstation 6.5 and it wont install the vmware tools, and will neither let me drag and drop files into backtrack 4. My network connection says that dhcp is not enabled, but i went over to my reuter and checked and the dhcp was online (using Dir-300 from D-Link)

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  • Going to directory using bash variables doesn't work when directory names have spaces

    - by gsingh2011
    Let's say I want to store the following command in a variable cd "/cygdrive/c/Program Files/" So I do this dir="cd \"/cygdrive/c/Program Files/\"" That should store the command to navigate to the Program Files directory, so when I type $dir it takes me to that directory. To check that the quotations have been properly escaped, I type echo $dir which gives me cd "/cygdrive/c/Program Files/" So everything should be working fine. However, when I type, $dir I get bash: cd: "/cygdrive/c/Program: No such file or directory What am I doing wrong? I'm using Cygwin, but I assume this problem applies to bash in general.

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  • when to set up a mail server?

    - by ajsie
    i've got a web service up and running with apache on ubuntu server in a vps from a hosting company (long sentence:)). i wonder when someone would like to set up a own mail server (postfix + dovecot)? cause i just want to be able to: send emails (account activation etc) to my users with php - the emails have to appear to come from the website's domain receive emails from my users (customer support etc) using Apple Mail/Microsoft Outlook. could this be accomplished with an email hosting company? are there situations i would benefit from setting up an own mail server on ubuntu?

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  • Backup Xen domU machines while running.

    - by Jonathan Hawkes
    The host machine is running CentOS 5.3 and using LVM to create Logical Volumes (LVs) and to allow live snapshots to be taken of those LVs. My thought was to store all of the image files for the Xen underpriviledged domains (domU) in a single LV and periodically take a snapshot of that LV and copy the disk images out of the snapshot in order to make a live backup of these systems. Is this doable? Is there a better way? Thanks!

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  • socat and "no job control in this shell"

    - by Vi
    socat - exec:'bash -li',pty,stderr,ctty - bash: no job control in this shell What options should I use to get fully fledged shell as I get with ssh/sshd? I want be able to connect the shell to everything socat can handle (socks5, udp, openssl), but also to have a nice shell which correctly interprets all keys, various Ctrl+C/Ctrl+Z and jobs control. /* Requested tags: socat job-control */

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  • Restrict SSH user to connection from one machine

    - by Jonathan
    During set-up of a home server (running Kubuntu 10.04), I created an admin user for performing administrative tasks that may require an unmounted home. This user has a home directory on the root partition of the box. The machine has an internet-facing SSH server, and I have restricted the set of users that can connect via SSH, but I would like to restrict it further by making admin only accessible from my laptop (or perhaps only from the local 192.168.1.0/24 range). I currently have only an AllowGroups ssh-users with myself and admin as members of the ssh-users group. What I want is something that works like you may expect this setup to work (but it doesn't): $ groups jonathan ... ssh-users $ groups admin ... ssh-restricted-users $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config ... AllowGroups ssh-users [email protected].* ... Is there a way to do this? I have also tried this, but it did not work (admin could still log in remotely): AllowUsers [email protected].* * AllowGroups ssh-users with admin a member of ssh-users. I would also be fine with only allowing admin to log in with a key, and disallowing password logins, but I could find no general setting for sshd; there is a setting that requires root logins to use a key, but not for general users.

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  • racoon-tool doesn't generate full racoon.conf file in /var/lib/racoon/racoon.conf

    - by robthewolf
    I am using ipsec-tools/racoon to create my VPN. I am using racoon-tool to configure racoon.conf but when I run racoon-tool reload it only generates the first section - Global items. When I run racoon-tool I get: # racoon-tool reload Loading SAD and SPD... SAD and SPD loaded. Configuring racoon...done. This is the entire file /var/lib/racoon/racoon.conf # # Racoon configuration for Samuel # Generated on Wed Jan 5 21:31:49 2011 by racoon-tool # # # Global items # path pre_shared_key "/etc/racoon/psk.txt"; path certificate "/etc/racoon/certs"; log debug; I cannot find anywhere a solution as to why this is happening. Please help

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  • Creating a USB stick for installing centos 6.x using DVD1 and DVD2 iso files

    - by user250563
    First, we create 2 partitions on the USB stick that is let's say 16GB. first partition is let's say only 1GB and the second partition is the rest of what is available. after we "w" write the changes, the USB now has 2 partitions. 1 is 1GB 1 is more than 14GB so , we have... sdb1 and sdb2 now. now we need to turn these partitions into filesystems some say i should run these commands after those procedures. mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdb1 mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2 but some web pages recommend using: mkfs.vfat -n BOOT /dev/sdb1 mkfs.ext2 -m 0 -b 4096 -L DATA /dev/sdb2 which is it? so let's say the DVDs are called: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso so we make a directory: mkdir -p /mnt/dvd1 and then mount it: mount -o loop CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/dvd1 and i suppose we don't make a directory for dvd2 and we don't have to mount it ? at this point i do not know what should be done. but i think this step might be next: we make the USB bootable by finding the file named mbr.bin and then moving it to there via these commnad. dd conv=notrunc bs=440 count=1 if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sdb parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on in other words we are "dd-ing it to 'sdb' not sdb1' or 'sdb2'. and then we use parted to set the boot to on for sdb so far everything looks good? here is the confusing parts.. how exactly do i move these iso files to the usb drive? EVERYTHING BELOW IS A GUESS. so at this point i should copy the folder /mnt/dvd1/isolinux to usb's sdb1 or sdb2 ? rename it to syslinux ? and then inside this syslinux folder there will be a file called... isolinux.cfg ? which should be renamed to syslinux.cfg ? and then copy the contents of /mnt/dvd1/images/* to USB's sdb2 ? but i think i am also suppose to copy and paste the both CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso somewhere into this USB's sdb2 partition, correct ? almost like a drag and drop kind of a thing? or do they go into any folders ? centos' own web site has some instructions but those instructions do not work. http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/InstallFromUSBkey i once got this working but things got ruined, i have to do it again and this time take notes.

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  • Outlook express under RHEL 5 server

    - by Kumar P
    I am using RHEL 5 server as proxy server in Local network. Under server i have few windows machines. Now i want to configure Outlook express in windows boxes, When i configure and test connections, It showing connection failed. In browser, internet working well. Without proxy, windows outlook express configure well in windows boxes. And working well. What you think about it and How can i solve this problem ?

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  • Log - Server kernel: INFO: task httpd:000000 blocked for more than 120 seconds

    - by valter
    Almost everyday my server is crashing due to hight server load, and even restarting apache or mysql can't solve the problem. I need to reboot the server to solve, or it crash again due to the high load. The log system records something like this when it crashes: Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: INFO: task httpd:20008 blocked for more than 120 seconds. Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: httpd D ffffffff801538ac 0 20008 5816 20066 19809 (NOTLB) Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: ffff81025a299dc8 0000000000000082 ffff81033b4c0740 ffffffff80009a14 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: ffff8101063f8d80 0000000000000009 ffff8100b758f7e0 ffff8101c57187e0 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: 00009436d4100b6c 000000000001d50f ffff8100b758f9c8 000000083b531588 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: Call Trace: Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff80009a14>] __link_path_walk+0x173/0xfb9 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff8002cc16>] mntput_no_expire+0x19/0x89 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff80063c4f>] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x60/0x9b Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff80023908>] __path_lookup_intent_open+0x56/0x97 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff80063c99>] .text.lock.mutex+0xf/0x14 Aug 11 18:33:53 server kernel: [<ffffffff8001b21f>] open_namei+0xea/0x712 Aug 11 18:33:54 server kernel: [<ffffffff8002768a>] do_filp_open+0x1c/0x38 Aug 11 18:33:54 server kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth1 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:00:30:48:9e:6e:99:08:00 SRC=208.43.135.158 DST=255.255.255.255 LEN=151 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=38354 DPT=6112 LEN=131 Aug 11 18:33:54 server kernel: [<ffffffff8001a061>] do_sys_open+0x44/0xbe Aug 11 18:33:54 server kernel: [<ffffffff8005d28d>] tracesys+0xd5/0xe0 I googled a lot trying to find a solution. But it looks that the solution is just to update the kernel or disk driver, thinks that I don't know how to do. In this url http://bugs.centos.org/view.php?id=4515 a lot o people report similar problems, except the fact that they are not related to httpd like mine. According to one member, one solution would be to add "elevator=noop " to /etc/grub.conf like in this example: title CentOS (2.6.18-238.12.1.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-238.12.1.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 elevator=noop initrd /initrd-2.6.18-238.12.1.el5xen.img Would this really solve the problem? My disk are working in RAID. Can this cause some problem to my server? Is there any other solution?

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  • Filesystem access through web interface

    - by Jorge Suárez de Lis
    I have an SSH+Samba server so people can access its files from anywhere on the network. I thought it would be also interesting to provide access through a web interface, so they can access the files even when they don't have access to the VPN or a Samba/SSH client. Something like the Ubuntu One or Dropbox web interface. The http server could be on the same machine as the SSH+Samba, so it should just provide access to local files and some way to login with their username/password. Someone knows any software like this?

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  • keyboard mappings are totally screwed after updating to kde4

    - by zeonglow
    I recently upgraded from KDE 3.5 to KDE 4, and I have been having weird issues with my keyboard. In one of the virtual consoles e.g. when I press ctrl + alt 1 , I can type perfectly, but in KDE, several of the number keys don't work, the left and right arrows don't work either. When I press the right arrow key in xev I get this: KeyRelease event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x3600001, root 0x6f, subw 0x0, time 903459, (111,55), root:(115,836), state 0x10, keycode 114 (keysym 0x1008ff11, XF86AudioLowerVolume), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False When I press the '3' key it toggles my Bookmarks toolbar in Firefox, in xev I get this: KeyPress event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x3600001, root 0x6f, subw 0x0, time 999968, (94,115), root:(98,896), state 0x10, keycode 12 (keysym 0x1008ff30, XF86Favorites), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 34, synthetic NO, window 0x3600001, root 0x6f, subw 0x0, time 1000032, (94,115), root:(98,896), state 0x10, keycode 12 (keysym 0x1008ff30, XF86Favorites), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False As this is deeper down, changing the type of keyboard in the KDE meun's has no effect. I'm slowly beginning to wade through the mountains of documentation about the X keyboard model, but there has to be a better way. Does anyone no what it is? Edit: 1234567890 ! after deleting the entire .kde folder. but only until I change the Keyboard settings from the "system settings" applet, then its hosed full time. Regardless of what I set the settings too. (restore to default settings doesn't) 2nd Edit: I'm using Gentoo AMD64, I was upgrading from KDE 3.5 KDE 4.2. I think I had manual settings before, although I didn't change anything. I was originally running KDE without HAL until that stop working a year or so ago. The only customisation I made was to set the multimedia keys to control Amarok. 3rd Edit $ grep xkb /var/log/Xorg.0.log (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev" (**) Option "xkb_model" "evdev" (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us" (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev" (**) Option "xkb_model" "evdev" (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us" Xorg.0.log has this to say: (WW) AllowEmptyInput is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled. (WW) Disabling Mouse1 (WW) Disabling Keyboard1 My Xorg.conf has this in it. Identifier "Keyboard1" Driver "kbd" Option "AutoRepeat" "500 30" # Specify which keyboard LEDs can be user-controlled (eg, with xset(1)) Option "XkbRules" "xorg" Option "XkbModel" "pc105" Option "XkbLayout" "gb"

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  • Should I install software on a "SAN"

    - by am2605
    Hi, I need to set up ColdFusion 9 on a ubuntu server that has a SAN disk mounted. Is it appropriate to install the CF server software on this disk? I don't really understand the ins and outs of what a SAN is, so I am not sure if the intention is for me to solely install web content on it or whether the server software itself should go here too. Any advice would be extremeness welcome. Many thanks, Andrew.

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  • Ubuntu dpkg error , after crash and filesystem error recovery

    - by Radian
    Ubuntu recently crashed , causing it's partition damaged ( which is EXT4) and Ubuntu was unable to boot , because it couldn't mount anything , only displays Busybox So I used the Live CD to run fsck on the partition, which fixed it , but deleted some nodes Now Ubuntu is working , but some files were missing , for example I lost the Panels configurations and Chromium's Extensions The Most Annoying problem , that there is some files corrupted , for example when I try to install any program, I got this (Reading database ... 95%dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting: files list file for package 'libservlet2.4-java' is missing final newline I tried these commands dpkg --configure -a apt-get -f install and from GUI , Synaptic Package Manager Fix Broken Packages So this file "libservlet2.4-java" Does anyone knows what it does ! and where it's location ? and how can I fix/get-correct-version-of it ? Also , is there any way I could tell Ubuntu to Check for ALL it's file , and if there is something corrupted it should recover it form the CD ?

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  • Ubuntu not installed-Please Remove installation media and close tray and press enter

    - by Ram
    I have downloaded Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 32 bit, burned it on DVD and tried to install it on my PC. My PC is running in Windows 7 Ultimate 32 bit mounted on the C: drive. Now I want install Ubuntu along with my Windows 7. When I boot Ubuntu through the CD, It boots and the Ubuntu install windows opens It offers "Try Ubuntu" and "Install Ubuntu". I choose "Install Ubuntu" Then I go on to install Ubuntu with Windows(First Option)-install It shows some blank screen with some lines, and says "Please Remove installation media and close tray and press enter" Then the PC restarts and runs Windows 7 same as before normally. But Ubuntu is not installed. How to solve this problem and install Ubuntu on my PC properly? Note: I am an Android Developer. So I need to install Ubuntu for my Android Development purpose.

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  • How to keep variable preserve while running script through ssh

    - by Ali Raza
    I am trying to run while loop with read through ssh: #!/bin/bash ssh [email protected] "cat /var/log/syncer/rm_filesystem.log | while read path; do stat -c \"%Y %n\" "$path" >> /tmp/fs_10.10.10.10.log done" But the issue is my variable $path is resolving on my localhost where as I want to resolve it on remote host so that it can read file on remote host and take stat of all folder/files listed in "rm_filesystem.log"

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