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  • Ogre3d particle effect causing error in iPhone

    - by anu
    1) First I have added the Particle Folder from the OgreSDK( Contains Smoke.particle) 2) Added the Smoke.material And smoke.png and smokecolors.ong 3) After this I added the Plugin = Plugin_ParticleFX in the plugins.cfg Here is my code: #Defines plugins to load # Define plugin folder PluginFolder=./ # Define plugins Plugin=RenderSystem_GL Plugin=Plugin_ParticleFX 4) I have added the particle path in the resources.cfg( adding the particle file in this get crash ) #Resource locations to be added to the 'bootstrap' path # This also contains the minimum you need to use the Ogre example framework [Bootstrap] Zip=media/packs/SdkTrays.zip # Resource locations to be added to the default path [General] FileSystem=media/models FileSystem=media/particle FileSystem=media/materials/scripts FileSystem=media/materials/textures FileSystem=media/RTShaderLib FileSystem=media/RTShaderLib/materials Zip=media/packs/cubemap.zip Zip=media/packs/cubemapsJS.zip Zip=media/packs/skybox.zip 6) Finally I did all the settings, my code is here: mPivotNode = OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->m_pSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); // create a pivot node // create a child node and attach an ogre head and some smoke to it Ogre::SceneNode* headNode = mPivotNode->createChildSceneNode(Ogre::Vector3(100, 0, 0)); headNode->attachObject(OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->m_pSceneMgr->createEntity("Head", "ogrehead.mesh")); headNode->attachObject(OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->m_pSceneMgr->createParticleSystem("Smoke", "Examples/Smoke")); 7) I run this, I got the below error: An exception has occurred: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Cannot find requested emitter type. in ParticleSystemManager::_createEmitter at /Users/davidrogers/Documents/Ogre/ogre-v1-7/OgreMain/src/OgreParticleSystemManager.cpp (line 353) 8) Getting crash at: (void)renderOneFrame:(id)sender { if(!OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->isOgreToBeShutDown() && Ogre::Root::getSingletonPtr() && Ogre::Root::getSingleton().isInitialised()) { if(OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->m_pRenderWnd->isActive()) { mStartTime = OgreFramework::getSingletonPtr()->m_pTimer->getMillisecondsCPU(); //( getting crash here) Does anyone know what could be causing this?

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  • Collision Detection, player correction

    - by DoomStone
    I am having some problems with collision detection, I have 2 types of objects excluding the player. Tiles and what I call MapObjects. The tiles are all 16x16, where the MapObjects can be any size, but in my case they are all 16x16. When my player runs along the mapobjects or tiles, it get verry jaggy. The player is unable to move right, and will get warped forward when moving left. I have found the problem, and that is my collision detection will move the player left/right if colliding the object from the side, and up/down if collision from up/down. Now imagine that my player is sitting on 2 tiles, at (10,12) and (11,12), and the player is mostly standing on the (11,12) tile. The collision detection will first run on then (10,12) tile, it calculates the collision depth, and finds that is is a collision from the side, and therefore move the object to the right. After, it will do the collision detection with (11,12) and it will move the character up. So the player will not fall down, but are unable to move right. And when moving left, the same problem will make the player warp forward. This problem have been bugging me for a few days now, and I just can't find a solution! Here is my code that does the collision detection. public void ApplyObjectCollision(IPhysicsObject obj, List<IComponent> mapObjects, TileMap map) { PhysicsVariables physicsVars = GetPhysicsVariables(); Rectangle bounds = ((IComponent)obj).GetBound(); int leftTile = (int)Math.Floor((float)bounds.Left / map.GetTileSize()); int rightTile = (int)Math.Ceiling(((float)bounds.Right / map.GetTileSize())) - 1; int topTile = (int)Math.Floor((float)bounds.Top / map.GetTileSize()); int bottomTile = (int)Math.Ceiling(((float)bounds.Bottom / map.GetTileSize())) - 1; // Reset flag to search for ground collision. obj.IsOnGround = false; // For each potentially colliding tile, for (int y = topTile; y <= bottomTile; ++y) { for (int x = leftTile; x <= rightTile; ++x) { IComponent tile = map.Get(x, y); if (tile != null) { bounds = HandelCollision(obj, tile, bounds, physicsVars); } } } // Handel collision for all Moving objects foreach (IComponent mo in mapObjects) { if (mo == obj) continue; if (mo.GetBound().Intersects(((IComponent)obj).GetBound())) { bounds = HandelCollision(obj, mo, bounds, physicsVars); } } } private Rectangle HandelCollision(IPhysicsObject obj, IComponent objb, Rectangle bounds, PhysicsVaraibales physicsVars) { // If this tile is collidable, SpriteCollision collision = ((IComponent)objb).GetCollisionType(); if (collision != SpriteCollision.Passable) { // Determine collision depth (with direction) and magnitude. Rectangle tileBounds = ((IComponent)objb).GetBound(); Vector2 depth = bounds.GetIntersectionDepth(tileBounds); if (depth != Vector2.Zero) { float absDepthX = Math.Abs(depth.X); float absDepthY = Math.Abs(depth.Y); // Resolve the collision along the shallow axis. if (absDepthY <= absDepthX || collision == SpriteCollision.Platform) { // If we crossed the top of a tile, we are on the ground. if (obj.PreviousBound.Bottom <= tileBounds.Top) obj.IsOnGround = true; // Ignore platforms, unless we are on the ground. if (collision == SpriteCollision.Impassable || obj.IsOnGround) { // Resolve the collision along the Y axis. ((IComponent)obj).Position = new Vector2(((IComponent)obj).Position.X, ((IComponent)obj).Position.Y + depth.Y); // If we hit something about us, remove all velosity upwards if (depth.Y > 0 && obj.IsJumping) { obj.Velocity = new Vector2(obj.Velocity.X, 0); obj.JumpTime = physicsVars.MaxJumpTime; } // Perform further collisions with the new bounds. return ((IComponent)obj).GetBound(); } } else if (collision == SpriteCollision.Impassable) // Ignore platforms. { // Resolve the collision along the X axis. ((IComponent)obj).Position = new Vector2(((IComponent)obj).Position.X + depth.X, ((IComponent)obj).Position.Y); // Perform further collisions with the new bounds. return ((IComponent)obj).GetBound(); } } } return bounds; } Update: I have uploaded the source code, if you want to look that through. I think that my general approach might be wrong when i am working with small tiles, I have also be unable to find any good information on physics and collision detection in Platform games. http://dl.dropbox.com/u/3181816/Sogaard.Games.SuperMario.rar

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  • Increase animation speed according to the swipe speed in unity for Android

    - by rohit
    I have the animation done through Maya and brought the FBX file to unity. Here is my code to calculate the speed of the swipe: Vector2 speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond =(Input.touches[0].deltaPosition / Screen.width) * Input.touches[0].deltaTime; Now I wanted to take speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond and use it to increase the animation speed accordingly like this: animation["gmeChaAnimMiddle"].speed=Mathf.Round(speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond); However, this results in an error that I need to convert Vector2 to float. So how do I overcome it?

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  • If Expression True in Immediate Window But Code In if Block Never Runs

    - by Julian
    I set a break point in my code in MonoDevelop to break whenever I click on a surface. I then enter the immediate window and test to see if the the if statement will return true in comparing two Vector3's. It does return true. However, when I step over, the code is never run as though the statement evaluated false. Does anyone know how this could be possible? I've attached a screenshot. Here is the picture of my debug window and immediate window. You can see where the immediate window evaluates to true. The second breakpoint is not hit. Here are the details of the two Vector3's I am comparing. Does anyone know why I am experiencing this? It really seems like an anomaly to me :/ Does it have something to do with threading?

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  • What is a simple deformer in which vertices deform linearly with control points?

    - by sebf
    In my project I want to deform a complex mesh, using a simpler 'proxy' mesh. In effect, each vertex of the proxy/collision mesh will be a control point/bone, which should deform the vertices of the main mesh attached to it depending on weight, but where the weight is not dependant on the absolute distance from the control point but rather distance relative to the other affecting control points. The point of this is to preserve complex three dimensional features of the main mesh while using physics implementations which expect something far simpler, low resolution, single surface, etc. Therefore, the vertices must deform linearly with their respective weighted control points (i.e. no falloff fields or all the mesh features will end up collapsed) - as if each vertex was linked to a point on the plane created by the attached control points and deformed with it. I have tried implementing the weight computation algorithm in this paper (page 4) but it is not working as expected and I am wondering if it is really the best way to do what I want. What is the simplest way to 'skin'* an arbitrary mesh, to another arbitrary mesh? *By skin I mean I need an algorithm to determine the best control points for a vertex, and their weights.

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  • How to make rigid bodies collide with Apex Clothing in PhysX for Maya

    - by b1nary.atr0phy
    According to the [Apex] Clothing Overview section of the documentation: Colliding with Rigid Bodies Rigid bodies present in your scene will push clothing around roughly as you might expect. Well, I beg to differ. The Apex Cloth collides with the floor just fine, but that's about the only thing it collides with (unless I add ragdoll to the same skeleton that the cloth is attached to.) So for example, if I try to bounce a ball (dynamic rigid body) into the cloth, it simply bounces through it. If I try to walk an actor with ragdoll through it, he simply clips through it as well. Anyone have any insight on this?

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  • Bloom shader makes it impossible to render black?

    - by Mathias Lykkegaard Lorenzen
    I am playing around with the bloom shader from the XNA sample page, to do some glow shading. I am rendering primitive vector-ish squares of linelists/linestrips, on a background. However, I am facing a few problems. With a black background and white squares, I can actually see the squares. However, with a white background and black squares, I can't see them at all. Why is this happening, and is there any way of me fixing it? Can I modify my bloom shader to also "glow" dark elements, if that's what is causing it?

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  • Avoid if statements in DirectX 10 shaders?

    - by PolGraphic
    I have heard that if statements should be avoid in shaders, because both parts of the statements will be execute, and than the wrong will be dropped (which harms the performance). It's still a problem in DirectX 10? Somebody told me, that in it only the right branch will be execute. For the illustration I have the code: float y1 = 5; float y2 = 6; float b1 = 2; float b2 = 3; if(x>0.5){ x = 10 * y1 + b1; }else{ x = 10 * y2 + b2; } Is there an other way to make it faster? If so, how do it? Both branches looks similar, the only difference is the values of "constants" (y1, y2, b1, b2 are the same for all pixels in Pixel Shader).

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  • Suitability of ground fog using layered alpha quads?

    - by Nick Wiggill
    A layered approach would use a series of massive alpha-textured quads arranged parallel to the ground, intersecting all intervening terrain geometry, to provide the illusion of ground fog quite effectively from high up, looking down, and somewhat less effectively when inside the fog and looking toward the horizon (see image below). Alternatively, a shader-heavy approach would instead calculate density as function of view distance into the ground fog substrate, and output the fragment value based on that. Without having to performance-test each approach myself, I would like first to hear others' experiences (not speculation!) on what sort of performance impact the layered alpha texture approach is likely to have. I ask specifically due to the oft-cited impacts of overdraw (not sure how fill-rate bound your average desktop system is). A list of games using this approach, particularly older games, would be immensely useful: if this was viable on pre DX9/OpenGL2 hardware, it is likely to work fine for me. One big question is in regards to this sort of effect: (Image credit goes to Lume of lume.com) Notice how the vertical fog gradation is continuous / smooth. OTOH, using textured quad layers, I can only assume that layers would be mighty obvious when walking through them -- the more sparse they were, the more obvious this would be. This is in contrast to where fog planes are aligned to face the player every frame, where this coarseness would be much less obvious.

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  • Discovering path through unknown territory

    - by TravisG
    Let's say all the AI knows about it's surroundings is a pixel-map that it has which clearly shows walkable terrain and obstacles. I want the AI to be able to traverse this terrain until it finds an exit point. There are some restrictions: There is always a way to the exit in the entire map that the AI walks around in, but there may be dead ends. The path to the exit is always pretty random, meaning that if you stand at crossroads, nothing indicates which direction would be the right one to go. It doesn't matter if the AI reaches a dead end, but it has to be able walk back out of it to a previously not inspected location and continue its search there. Initially, the AI starts out knowing only the starting area of the whole map. As it walks around, new points will be added to the pixel-map as the AI corresponding to the AIs range of sight (think of it like the AI is clearing the fog of war) The problem is in 2D space. All I have is the pixel map. There are no paths in the pixel map which are "too narrow". The AI fits through everything. It shouldn't be a brute force solution. E.g. it would be possible to simply find a path to each pixel in the pixel map that is yet undiscovered (with A*, for example), which will lead to the AI discovering new pixels. This could be repeated until the end is reached. The path doesn't have to be the shortest path (this is impossible without knowing the entire map beforehand), but when movements within the visible area are calculated, the shortest and from a human standpoint most logical path should be taken (e.g. if you can see a way out of your room into a hallway, you would obviously go there instead of exploring the corner of your current room). What kind of approaches to solve this problem are there?

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  • Pixel Shader Giving Black output

    - by Yashwinder
    I am coding in C# using Windows Forms and the SlimDX API to show the effect of a pixel shader. When I am setting the pixel shader, I am getting a black output screen but if I am not using the pixel shader then I am getting my image rendered on the screen. I have the following C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using SlimDX.Direct3D9; using SlimDX; using SlimDX.Windows; using System.Drawing; using System.Threading; namespace WindowsFormsApplication1 { // Vertex structure. [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] struct Vertex { public Vector3 Position; public float Tu; public float Tv; public static int SizeBytes { get { return Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Vertex)); } } public static VertexFormat Format { get { return VertexFormat.Position | VertexFormat.Texture1; } } } static class Program { public static Device D3DDevice; // Direct3D device. public static VertexBuffer Vertices; // Vertex buffer object used to hold vertices. public static Texture Image; // Texture object to hold the image loaded from a file. public static int time; // Used for rotation caculations. public static float angle; // Angle of rottaion. public static Form1 Window =new Form1(); public static string filepath; static VertexShader vertexShader = null; static ConstantTable constantTable = null; static ImageInformation info; [STAThread] static void Main() { filepath = "C:\\Users\\Public\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\Garden.jpg"; info = new ImageInformation(); info = ImageInformation.FromFile(filepath); PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters(); // Below are the required bare mininum, needed to initialize the D3D device. presentParams.BackBufferHeight = info.Height; // BackBufferHeight, set to the Window's height. presentParams.BackBufferWidth = info.Width+200; // BackBufferWidth, set to the Window's width. presentParams.Windowed =true; presentParams.DeviceWindowHandle = Window.panel2 .Handle; // DeviceWindowHandle, set to the Window's handle. // Create the device. D3DDevice = new Device(new Direct3D (), 0, DeviceType.Hardware, Window.Handle, CreateFlags.HardwareVertexProcessing, presentParams); // Create the vertex buffer and fill with the triangle vertices. (Non-indexed) // Remember 3 vetices for a triangle, 2 tris per quad = 6. Vertices = new VertexBuffer(D3DDevice, 6 * Vertex.SizeBytes, Usage.WriteOnly, VertexFormat.None, Pool.Managed); DataStream stream = Vertices.Lock(0, 0, LockFlags.None); stream.WriteRange(BuildVertexData()); Vertices.Unlock(); // Create the texture. Image = Texture.FromFile(D3DDevice,filepath ); // Turn off culling, so we see the front and back of the triangle D3DDevice.SetRenderState(RenderState.CullMode, Cull.None); // Turn off lighting D3DDevice.SetRenderState(RenderState.Lighting, false); ShaderBytecode sbcv = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("C:\\Users\\yashwinder singh\\Desktop\\vertexShader.vs", "vs_main", "vs_1_1", ShaderFlags.None); constantTable = sbcv.ConstantTable; vertexShader = new VertexShader(D3DDevice, sbcv); ShaderBytecode sbc = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("C:\\Users\\yashwinder singh\\Desktop\\pixelShader.txt", "ps_main", "ps_3_0", ShaderFlags.None); PixelShader ps = new PixelShader(D3DDevice, sbc); VertexDeclaration vertexDecl = new VertexDeclaration(D3DDevice, new[] { new VertexElement(0, 0, DeclarationType.Float3, DeclarationMethod.Default, DeclarationUsage.PositionTransformed, 0), new VertexElement(0, 12, DeclarationType.Float2 , DeclarationMethod.Default, DeclarationUsage.TextureCoordinate , 0), VertexElement.VertexDeclarationEnd }); Application.EnableVisualStyles(); MessagePump.Run(Window, () => { // Clear the backbuffer to a black color. D3DDevice.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.Black, 1.0f, 0); // Begin the scene. D3DDevice.BeginScene(); // Setup the world, view and projection matrices. //D3DDevice.VertexShader = vertexShader; //D3DDevice.PixelShader = ps; // Render the vertex buffer. D3DDevice.SetStreamSource(0, Vertices, 0, Vertex.SizeBytes); D3DDevice.VertexFormat = Vertex.Format; // Setup our texture. Using Textures introduces the texture stage states, // which govern how Textures get blended together (in the case of multiple // Textures) and lighting information. D3DDevice.SetTexture(0, Image); // Now drawing 2 triangles, for a quad. D3DDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList , 0, 2); // End the scene. D3DDevice.EndScene(); // Present the backbuffer contents to the screen. D3DDevice.Present(); }); if (Image != null) Image.Dispose(); if (Vertices != null) Vertices.Dispose(); if (D3DDevice != null) D3DDevice.Dispose(); } private static Vertex[] BuildVertexData() { Vertex[] vertexData = new Vertex[6]; vertexData[0].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[0].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[0].Tv = 0.0f; vertexData[1].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[1].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[1].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[2].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[2].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[2].Tv = 0.0f; vertexData[3].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[3].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[3].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[4].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[4].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[4].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[5].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[5].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[5].Tv = 0.0f; return vertexData; } } } And my pixel shader and vertex shader code are as following // Pixel shader input structure struct PS_INPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Pixel shader output structure struct PS_OUTPUT { float4 Color : COLOR0; }; // Global variables sampler2D Tex0; // Name: Simple Pixel Shader // Type: Pixel shader // Desc: Fetch texture and blend with constant color // PS_OUTPUT ps_main( in PS_INPUT In ) { PS_OUTPUT Out; //create an output pixel Out.Color = tex2D(Tex0, In.Texture); //do a texture lookup Out.Color *= float4(0.9f, 0.8f, 0.0f, 1); //do a simple effect return Out; //return output pixel } // Vertex shader input structure struct VS_INPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Vertex shader output structure struct VS_OUTPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Global variables float4x4 WorldViewProj; // Name: Simple Vertex Shader // Type: Vertex shader // Desc: Vertex transformation and texture coord pass-through // VS_OUTPUT vs_main( in VS_INPUT In ) { VS_OUTPUT Out; //create an output vertex Out.Position = mul(In.Position, WorldViewProj); //apply vertex transformation Out.Texture = In.Texture; //copy original texcoords return Out; //return output vertex }

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  • GLSL: How Do I cast a float into an int?

    - by dugla
    In a GLSL fragment shader I am trying to cast a float into an int. The compiler has other ideas. It complains thusly: ERROR: 0:60: '=' : cannot convert from 'mediump float' to 'highp int' I am trying to do this: mediump float indexf = floor(2.0 * mixer); highp int index = indexf; I (vainly) tried to raise the precision of the int above the float to appease the GL Gods but no joy. Could someone please school me here? Thanks, Doug

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  • Billboarding restricted to an axis (cylindrical)

    - by user8709
    I have succesfully created a GLSL shader for a billboarding effect. I want to tweak this to restrict the billboarding to an arbitrary axis, i.e. a billboarded quad only rotates itself about the y-axis. I use the y-axis as an example, but essentially I would like this to be an arbitrary axis. Can anyone show me how to modify my existing shader below, or if I need to start from scratch, point me towards some resources that could be helpful? precision mediump float; uniform mat4 u_modelViewProjectionMat; uniform mat4 u_modelMat; uniform mat4 u_viewTransposeMat; uniform vec3 u_axis; // <------------ !!! the arbitrary axis to restrict rotation around attribute vec3 a_position0; attribute vec2 a_texCoord0; varying vec2 v_texCoord0; void main() { vec3 pos = (a_position0.x * u_viewTransposeMat[0] + a_position0.y * u_viewTransposeMat[1]).xyz; vec4 position = vec4(pos, 1.0); v_texCoord0 = a_texCoord0; gl_Position = u_modelViewProjectionMat * position; }

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  • C++ Directx 11 D3DXVec3Unproject

    - by Miguel P
    Hello dear people from the underworld called the internet. So guys, Im having a small issue with D3DXVec3Unproject, because I'm currently using Directx 11 and not 10, and the requirements for this function is: D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3D10_VIEWPORT *pViewport, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pProjection, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pView, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pWorld As you may have noticed, it requires a D3D10_VIEWPORT, and I'm using a Directx 11 viewport, D3D11_VIEWPORT. So do you have any ideas how i can use D3DXVec3Unproject with Directx 11? Thank You

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  • How do I handle specific tile/object collisions?

    - by Thomas William Cannady
    What do I do after the bounding box test against a tile to determine whether there is a real collision against the contents of that tile? And if there is, how should I move the object in response to that collision? I have a small object, and test for collisions against the tiles that each corner of it is on. Here's my current code, which I run for each of those (up to) four tiles: // get the bounding box of the object, in world space objectBounds = object->bounds + object->position; if ( (objectBounds.right >= tileBounds.left) && (objectBounds.left <= tileBounds.right) && (objectBounds.top >= tileBounds.bottom) && (objectBounds.bottom <= tileBounds.top)) { // perform specific test to see if it's a left, top , bottom // or right collision. If so, I check to see the nature of it // and where I need to place the object to respond to that collision... // [THIS IS THE PART THAT NEEDS WORK] // if( lastkey==keydown[right] && ((objectBounds.right >= tileBounds.left) && (objectBounds.right <= tileBounds.right) && (objectBounds.bottom >= tileBounds.bottom) && (objectBounds.bottom <= tileBounds.top)) ) { object->position.x = tileBounds.left - objectBounds.width; } // etc.

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  • libgdx rotation (animation, arrays) issues and help needed

    - by johnny-b
    well i am a noob at java and libgdx. i got the homing bullet working with the help of someone. now i am smashing my head as to how i can make it rotate so it faces the ball (which is the main character) when it goes around it or when it is coming towards it. the bullet is facing <--- and the code below is what i have done so far. also i used sprites for the bullet and also animation method. Also how do i make it an array/arraylist which is best so i can have multiple bullets at random or placed places. i tried many things nothing workd :( thank you for the help. // below is the bullet or enemy if you want to call it. public class Bullet extends Sprite { public static final float BULLET_HOMING = 6000; public static final float BULLET_SPEED = 300; private Vector2 velocity; private float lifetime; public Bullet(float x, float y) { velocity = new Vector2(0, 0); setPosition(x, y); } public void update(float delta) { float targetX = GameWorld.getBall().getX(); float targetY = GameWorld.getBall().getY(); float dx = targetX - getX(); float dy = targetY - getY(); float distToTarget = (float) Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); dx /= distToTarget; dy /= distToTarget; dx *= BULLET_HOMING; dy *= BULLET_HOMING; velocity.x += dx * delta; velocity.y += dy * delta; float vMag = (float) Math.sqrt(velocity.x * velocity.x + velocity.y * velocity.y); velocity.x /= vMag; velocity.y /= vMag; velocity.x *= BULLET_SPEED; velocity.y *= BULLET_SPEED; Vector2 v = velocity.cpy().scl(delta); setPosition(getX() + v.x, getY() + v.y); setOriginCenter(); setRotation(velocity.angle()); lifetime += delta; setRegion(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(lifetime)); } } // this is where i load the images. public class AssetLoader { public static Animation bulletAnimation; public static Sprite bullet1, bullet2; public static void load() { texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("SpriteN1.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Nearest, TextureFilter.Nearest); bullet1 = new Sprite(texture, 380, 350, 45, 20); bullet1.flip(false, true); bullet2 = new Sprite(texture, 425, 350, 45, 20); bullet2.flip(false, true); Sprite[] bullets = { bullet1, bullet2 }; bulletAnimation = new Animation(0.06f, aims); bulletAnimation.setPlayMode(Animation.PlayMode.LOOP); } public static void dispose() { // We must dispose of the texture when we are finished. texture.dispose(); } // this is for the rendering of the images etc public class GameRenderer { private Bullet bullet; private Ball ball; public GameRenderer(GameWorld world) { myWorld = world; cam = new OrthographicCamera(); cam.setToOrtho(true, 480, 320); batcher = new SpriteBatch(); // Attach batcher to camera batcher.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); shapeRenderer = new ShapeRenderer(); shapeRenderer.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); // Call helper methods to initialize instance variables initGameObjects(); initAssets(); } private void initGameObjects() { ball = GameWorld.getBall(); bullet = myWorld.getBullet(); scroller = myWorld.getScroller(); } private void initAssets() { ballAnimation = AssetLoader.ballAnimation; bulletAnimation = AssetLoader.bulletAnimation; } public void render(float runTime) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL30.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); batcher.begin(); // Disable transparency // This is good for performance when drawing images that do not require // transparency. batcher.disableBlending(); // The ball needs transparency, so we enable that again. batcher.enableBlending(); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.ballAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), ball.getX(), ball.getY(), ball.getWidth(), ball.getHeight()); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), bullet.getX(), bullet.getY()); // End SpriteBatch batcher.end(); } } // this is to load the image etc on the screen i guess public class GameWorld { public static Ball ball; private Bullet bullet; private ScrollHandler scroller; public GameWorld() { ball = new Ball(480, 273, 32, 32); bullet = new Bullet(10, 10); scroller = new ScrollHandler(0); } public void update(float delta) { ball.update(delta); bullet.update(delta); scroller.update(delta); } public static Ball getBall() { return ball; } public ScrollHandler getScroller() { return scroller; } public Bullet getBullet() { return bullet; } } so there is the whole thing. the images are loaded via the AssetLoader then to the GameRenderer and GameWorld via the Bullet class. i am guessing that is how it is. sorry newbie so still learning. thank you in advace for the help or any advice.

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  • Diamond-square terrain generation problem

    - by kafka
    I've implemented a diamond-square algorithm according to this article: http://www.lighthouse3d.com/opengl/terrain/index.php?mpd2 The problem is that I get these steep cliffs all over the map. It happens on the edges, when the terrain is recursively subdivided: Here is the source: void DiamondSquare(unsigned x1,unsigned y1,unsigned x2,unsigned y2,float range) { int c1 = (int)x2 - (int)x1; int c2 = (int)y2 - (int)y1; unsigned hx = (x2 - x1)/2; unsigned hy = (y2 - y1)/2; if((c1 <= 1) || (c2 <= 1)) return; // Diamond stage float a = m_heightmap[x1][y1]; float b = m_heightmap[x2][y1]; float c = m_heightmap[x1][y2]; float d = m_heightmap[x2][y2]; float e = (a+b+c+d) / 4 + GetRnd() * range; m_heightmap[x1 + hx][y1 + hy] = e; // Square stage float f = (a + c + e + e) / 4 + GetRnd() * range; m_heightmap[x1][y1+hy] = f; float g = (a + b + e + e) / 4 + GetRnd() * range; m_heightmap[x1+hx][y1] = g; float h = (b + d + e + e) / 4 + GetRnd() * range; m_heightmap[x2][y1+hy] = h; float i = (c + d + e + e) / 4 + GetRnd() * range; m_heightmap[x1+hx][y2] = i; DiamondSquare(x1, y1, x1+hx, y1+hy, range / 2.0); // Upper left DiamondSquare(x1+hx, y1, x2, y1+hy, range / 2.0); // Upper right DiamondSquare(x1, y1+hy, x1+hx, y2, range / 2.0); // Lower left DiamondSquare(x1+hx, y1+hy, x2, y2, range / 2.0); // Lower right } Parameters: (x1,y1),(x2,y2) - coordinates that define a region on a heightmap (default (0,0)(128,128)). range - basically max. height. (default 32) Help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • 3D picking lwjgl

    - by Wirde
    I have written some code to preform 3D picking that for some reason dosn't work entirely correct! (Im using LWJGL just so you know.) I posted this at stackoverflow at first but after researching some more in to my problem i found this neat site and tought that you guys might be more qualified to answer this question. This is how the code looks like: if(Mouse.getEventButton() == 1) { if (!Mouse.getEventButtonState()) { Camera.get().generateViewMatrix(); float screenSpaceX = ((Mouse.getX()/800f/2f)-1.0f)*Camera.get().getAspectRatio(); float screenSpaceY = 1.0f-(2*((600-Mouse.getY())/600f)); float displacementRate = (float)Math.tan(Camera.get().getFovy()/2); screenSpaceX *= displacementRate; screenSpaceY *= displacementRate; Vector4f cameraSpaceNear = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (-Camera.get().getNear()), 1); Vector4f cameraSpaceFar = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (-Camera.get().getFar()), 1); Matrix4f tmpView = new Matrix4f(); Camera.get().getViewMatrix().transpose(tmpView); Matrix4f invertedViewMatrix = (Matrix4f)tmpView.invert(); Vector4f worldSpaceNear = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceNear, worldSpaceNear); Vector4f worldSpaceFar = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceFar, worldSpaceFar); Vector3f rayPosition = new Vector3f(worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceNear.z); Vector3f rayDirection = new Vector3f(worldSpaceFar.x - worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceFar.y - worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceFar.z - worldSpaceNear.z); rayDirection.normalise(); Ray clickRay = new Ray(rayPosition, rayDirection); Vector tMin = new Vector(), tMax = new Vector(), tempPoint; float largestEnteringValue, smallestExitingValue, temp, closestEnteringValue = Camera.get().getFar()+0.1f; Drawable closestDrawableHit = null; for(Drawable d : this.worldModel.getDrawableThings()) { // Calcualte AABB for each object... needs to be moved later... firstVertex = true; for(Surface surface : d.getSurfaces()) { for(Vertex v : surface.getVertices()) { worldPosition.x = (v.x+d.getPosition().x)*d.getScale().x; worldPosition.y = (v.y+d.getPosition().y)*d.getScale().y; worldPosition.z = (v.z+d.getPosition().z)*d.getScale().z; worldPosition = worldPosition.rotate(d.getRotation()); if (firstVertex) { maxX = worldPosition.x; maxY = worldPosition.y; maxZ = worldPosition.z; minX = worldPosition.x; minY = worldPosition.y; minZ = worldPosition.z; firstVertex = false; } else { if (worldPosition.x > maxX) { maxX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.x < minX) { minX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.y > maxY) { maxY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.y < minY) { minY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.z > maxZ) { maxZ = worldPosition.z; } if (worldPosition.z < minZ) { minZ = worldPosition.z; } } } } // ray/slabs intersection test... // clickRay.getOrigin().x + clickRay.getDirection().x * f = minX // clickRay.getOrigin().x - minX = -clickRay.getDirection().x * f // clickRay.getOrigin().x/-clickRay.getDirection().x - minX/-clickRay.getDirection().x = f // -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x = f largestEnteringValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + minY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + minZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } smallestExitingValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + maxX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + maxY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(smallestExitingValue > temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + maxZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(smallestExitingValue < temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } if(largestEnteringValue > smallestExitingValue) { //System.out.println("Miss!"); } else { if (largestEnteringValue < closestEnteringValue) { closestEnteringValue = largestEnteringValue; closestDrawableHit = d; } } } if(closestDrawableHit != null) { System.out.println("Hit at: (" + clickRay.setDistance(closestEnteringValue).x + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().y + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().z); this.worldModel.removeDrawableThing(closestDrawableHit); } } } I just don't understand what's wrong, the ray are shooting and i do hit stuff that gets removed but the result of the ray are verry strange it sometimes removes the thing im clicking at, sometimes it removes things thats not even close to what im clicking at, and sometimes it removes nothing at all. Edit: Okay so i have continued searching for errors and by debugging the ray (by painting smal dots where it travles) i can now se that there is something oviously wrong with the ray that im sending out... it has its origin near the world center (nearer or further away depending on where on the screen im clicking) and always shots to the same position no matter where I direct my camera... My initial toughts is that there might be some error in the way i calculate my viewMatrix (since it's not possible to get the viewmatrix from the gluLookAt method in lwjgl; I have to build it my self and I guess thats where the problem is at)... Edit2: This is how i calculate it currently: private double[][] viewMatrixDouble = {{0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,1}}; public Vector getCameraDirectionVector() { Vector actualEye = this.getActualEyePosition(); return new Vector(lookAt.x-actualEye.x, lookAt.y-actualEye.y, lookAt.z-actualEye.z); } public Vector getActualEyePosition() { return eye.rotate(this.getRotation()); } public void generateViewMatrix() { Vector cameraDirectionVector = getCameraDirectionVector().normalize(); Vector side = Vector.cross(cameraDirectionVector, this.upVector).normalize(); Vector up = Vector.cross(side, cameraDirectionVector); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = side.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = up.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = side.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = up.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = side.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = up.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.z; /* Vector actualEyePosition = this.getActualEyePosition(); Vector zaxis = new Vector(this.lookAt.x - actualEyePosition.x, this.lookAt.y - actualEyePosition.y, this.lookAt.z - actualEyePosition.z).normalize(); Vector xaxis = Vector.cross(upVector, zaxis).normalize(); Vector yaxis = Vector.cross(zaxis, xaxis); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = xaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = yaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = zaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = xaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = yaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = zaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = xaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = yaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = zaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[3][0] = -Vector.dot(xaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][1] =-Vector.dot(yaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][2] = -Vector.dot(zaxis, actualEyePosition); */ viewMatrix = new Matrix4f(); viewMatrix.load(getViewMatrixAsFloatBuffer()); } Would be verry greatfull if anyone could verify if this is wrong or right, and if it's wrong; supply me with the right way of doing it... I have read alot of threads and documentations about this but i can't seam to wrapp my head around it... Edit3: Okay with the help of Byte56 (thanks alot for the help) i have now concluded that it's not the viewMatrix that is the problem... I still get the same messedup result; anyone that think that they can find the error in my code, i certenly can't, have bean working on this for 3 days now :(

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  • Using Shader causes triangle to disappear

    - by invisal
    The following is my rendering code. Private Sub GameRender() GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit + ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit) GL.ClearColor(Color.SkyBlue) GL.UseProgram(theProgram) GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray) GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.ColorArray) GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vertexPositionID) GL.DrawArrays(BeginMode.Triangles, 0, 3) GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.ColorArray) GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray) GlControl1.SwapBuffers() End Sub This is screenshot without GL.UseProgram(theProgram) This is screenshot with GL.UseProgram(theProgram) Here are my shader code that I picked from online tutorial. Vertex Shader #version 330 layout(location = 0) in vec4 position; void main() { gl_Position = position; } Fragment Shader #version 330 out vec4 outputColor; void main() { outputColor = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); } These are my shader creation code. '' Initialize Shader Dim shaderList(1) As Integer shaderList(0) = CreateShader(ShaderType.VertexShader, strVertexShader) shaderList(1) = CreateShader(ShaderType.FragmentShader, strFragShader) theProgram = CreateProgram(shaderList) GL.DeleteShader(shaderList(0)) GL.DeleteShader(shaderList(1)) Here are my helper functions Private Function CreateShader(ByVal shaderType As ShaderType, ByVal code As String) Dim shader As Integer = GL.CreateShader(shaderType) GL.ShaderSource(shader, code) GL.CompileShader(shader) Dim status As Integer GL.GetShader(shader, ShaderParameter.CompileStatus, status) If status = False Then MsgBox(GL.GetShaderInfoLog(shader)) End If Return shader End Function Private Function CreateProgram(ByVal shaderList() As Integer) As Integer Dim program As Integer = GL.CreateProgram() For i As Integer = 0 To shaderList.Length - 1 GL.AttachShader(program, shaderList(i)) Next GL.LinkProgram(program) Dim status As Integer GL.GetProgram(program, ProgramParameter.LinkStatus, status) If status = False Then MsgBox(GL.GetProgramInfoLog(program)) End If For i As Integer = 0 To shaderList.Length - 1 GL.DetachShader(program, shaderList(i)) Next Return program End Function

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  • Inverting matrix then decomposing gives different quaternion than decomposing then inverting the quat

    - by Fraser
    I'm getting different signs when I convert a matrix to quaternion and invert that, versus when I invert a matrix and then get the quaternion from it: Quaternion a = Quaternion.Invert(getRotation(m)); Quaternion b = getRotation(Matrix.Invert(m)); I would expect a and b to be identical (or inverses of each other). However, it looks like q1 = (x, y, -z, -w) while q2 = (-x, -y, w, z). In other words, the Z and W components have been switched for some reason. Note: getRotation() decomposes the transform matrix and returns just the rotation part of it (I've tried normalizing the result; it does nothing). The matrix m is a complete transform matrix and contains a translation (and possibly a scale) as well as a rotation. I'm using D3DXMatrixDecompose to do the actual decomposition.

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  • RenderState in XNA 4

    - by Shashwat
    I was going through this tutorial for having transparency which can be used to solve my problem here. The code is written in XNA 3 but I'm using XNA 4. What is the alternative for the following code in XNA 4? device.RenderState.AlphaTestEnable = true; device.RenderState.AlphaFunction = CompareFunction.GreaterEqual; device.RenderState.ReferenceAlpha = 200; device.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false; I searched a lot but didn't find anything useful.

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  • Powder games: how do they work?

    - by Marc Müller
    Hey guys, I recently found these two gems: http://powdertoy.co.uk/ http://dan-ball.jp/en/javagame/dust/ My question is: How are the physics with so many elements efficiently handled? Am I just severely underestimating modern computing power or is it possible to 'just' have a two-dimensional array, each cell of which describes what is placed at the according position and simulate each cell in every step. Or are there more complex things being done like summarising large areas of the same kind into a single data set and separating said set as needed? Are there any open-source games like this I could look at?

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  • Why does multiplying texture coordinates scale the texture?

    - by manning18
    I'm having trouble visualizing this geometrically - why is it that multiplying the U,V coordinates of a texture coordinate has the effect of scaling that texture by that factor? eg if you scaled the texture coordinates by a factor of 3 ..then doesn't this mean that if you had texture coordinates 0,1 and 0,2 ...you'd be sampling 0,3 and 0,6 in the U,V texture space of 0..1? How does that make it bigger eg HLSL: tex2D(textureSampler, TexCoords*3) Integers make it smaller, decimals make it bigger I mean I understand intuitively if you added to the U,V coordinates, as that is simply an offset into the sampling range, but what's the case with multiplication? I have a feeling when someone explains this to me I'm going to be feeling mighty stupid

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  • Animating Tile with Blitting taking up Memory.

    - by Kid
    I am trying to animate a specific tile in my 2d Array, using blitting. The animation consists of three different 16x16 sprites in a tilesheet. Now that works perfect with the code below. BUT it's causing memory leakage. Every second the FlashPlayer is taking up +140 kb more in memory. What part of the following code could possibly cause the leak: //The variable Rectangle finds where on the 2d array we should clear the pixels //Fillrect follows up by setting alpha 0 at that spot before we copy in nxt Sprite //Tiletype is a variable that holds what kind of tile the next tile in animation is //(from tileSheet) //drawTile() gets Sprite from tilesheet and copyPixels it into right position on canvas public function animateSprite():void{ tileGround.bitmapData.lock(); if(anmArray[0].tileType > 42){ anmArray[0].tileType = 40; frameCount = 0; } var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(anmArray[0].xtile * ts, anmArray[0].ytile * ts, ts, ts); tileGround.bitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0); anmArray[0].tileType = 40 + frameCount; drawTile(anmArray[0].tileType, anmArray[0].xtile, anmArray[0].ytile); frameCount++; tileGround.bitmapData.unlock(); } public function drawTile(spriteType:int, xt:int, yt:int):void{ var tileSprite:Bitmap = getImageFromSheet(spriteType, ts); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, ts, ts); var pt:Point = new Point(xt * ts, yt * ts); tileGround.bitmapData.copyPixels(tileSprite.bitmapData, rec, pt, null, null, true); } public function getImageFromSheet(spriteType:int, size:int):Bitmap{ var sheetColumns:int = tSheet.width/ts; var col:int = spriteType % sheetColumns; var row:int = Math.floor(spriteType/sheetColumns); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(col * ts, row * ts, size, size); var pt:Point = new Point(0,0); var correctTile:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(size, size, false, 0)); correctTile.bitmapData.copyPixels(tSheet, rec, pt, null, null, true); return correctTile; }

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  • How to calculate turn heading to a missile?

    - by Tony
    I have a missile that is shot from a ship at an angle, the missile then turns towards the target in an arc with a given turn radius. How do I determine the point on the arc when I need to start turning so the missile is heading straight for the target? EDIT What I need to do before I launch the missiles is calculate and draw the flight paths. So in the attached example the launch vehicle has a heading of 90 deg and the targets are behind it. Both missiles are launched at a relative heading of -45deg or + 45 deg to the launch vehicle's heading. The missiles initially turn towards the target with a known turn radius. I have to calculate the point at which the turn takes the missile to heading at which it will turn to directly attack the target. Obviously if the target is at or near 45 degrees then there is no initial turn the missile just goes straight for the target. After the missile is launched the map will also show the missile tracking on this line as indication of its flight path. What I am doing is working on a simulator which mimics operational software. So I need to draw the calculated flight path before I allow the missile to be launched. In this example the targets are behind the launch vehicle but the precalculated paths are drawn.

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